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Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Dec. 31, 2017
Dec. 31, 2016
Operating activities      
Net loss $ (10,382,059) $ (9,258,647) $ (8,470,661)
Adjustment to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities      
Depreciation and amortization 843,387 184,946 153,996
Share-based compensation 263,396 122,134 218,294
Gain on disposal of equipment (13,233) (941) (2,861)
Non-cash interest expense (1,364) 0 395,833
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:      
Other receivables 56,212 (11,440) (121,640)
Inventory 93,956 (169,991) 0
Prepaid expenses and other assets 289,868 (592,602) 38,054
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities (966,928) 625,763 340,092
Net cash used in operating activities (9,816,765) (9,100,778) (7,448,893)
Investing activities      
Purchase of property, plant and equipment (4,009,736) (18,893,264) (934,495)
Deposits on equipment purchases (95,001) (153,663) (156,982)
Proceeds from sale of equipment 23,233 941 23,844
Payment of patent costs 0 0 (5,664)
Net cash used in investing activities (4,081,504) (19,045,986) (1,073,297)
Financing activities      
Proceeds from issuance of debt 771,858 256,807 547,142
Repayment of term debt (55,615) (35,812) (6,268)
Proceeds from the issuance of convertible debt 0 0 10,000,000
Proceeds from the issuance of common stock and warrants, net 10,616,046 24,989,257 0
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and warrants, net 5,116,533 27,502 0
Net cash provided by financing activities 16,448,822 25,237,754 10,540,874
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (53,218) 77,262 (7,496)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents 2,497,335 (2,831,748) 2,011,188
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 492,861 3,324,609 1,313,421
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of period 2,990,196 492,861 3,324,609
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information and non-cash transactions:      
Interest paid in cash 22,257 21,537 6,721
Conversion of convertible debt and accrued interest to common stock 0 0 10,395,833
Property and equipment included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities 193,378 1,036,240 50,132
Acquisition of equipment under debt agreement $ 74,068 $ 0 $ 0