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ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001104659-24-007279
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	10-K/A
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		14
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20230930
FILED AS OF DATE:		20240126
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20240126

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			APPLIED DNA SCIENCES INC
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000744452
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	SERVICES-TESTING LABORATORIES [8734]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	08 Industrial Applications and Services
		IRS NUMBER:				592262718
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			0930

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		10-K/A
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-36745
		FILM NUMBER:		24568245

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		50 HEALTH SCIENCES DRIVE
		CITY:			STONY BROOK
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			11790
		BUSINESS PHONE:		631-240-8800

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		50 HEALTH SCIENCES DRIVE
		CITY:			STONY BROOK
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			11790

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	PROHEALTH MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20010504

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	DCC ACQUISITION CORP
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19990211

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	DATALINK CAPITAL CORP/TX/
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19980306
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>UNITED STATES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Washington, D.C. 20549</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>FORM&#160;<span id="xdx_90F_edei--DocumentType_c20220930__20230930_zY2KfQo2jIMk"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-09-30to2023-09-30" name="dei:DocumentType">10-K/A</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>Amendment No.&#160;1</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b><span style="font-family: Wingdings"><span id="xdx_906_edei--DocumentTransitionReport_c20220930__20230930_zcgk5rdBTcx"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-09-30to2023-09-30" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:DocumentTransitionReport">&#168;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></b></span><b> TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION&#160;13 OR 15(d)&#160;OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">For the transition period from _____ to _____</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Securities registered under Section&#160;12(g)&#160;of the Act: None</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule&#160;405 of the Securities Act.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section&#160;13 or Section&#160;15(d)&#160;of the Act.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</span></span>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;Yes&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Wingdings">&#120;</span></span>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span id="xdx_900_edei--EntityVoluntaryFilers_c20220930__20230930_zkbYxHeYzBA9"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-09-30to2023-09-30" name="dei:EntityVoluntaryFilers">No</ix:nonNumeric></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1)&#160;has filed all reports required to be filed by Section&#160;13 or 15(d)&#160;of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12&#160;months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2)&#160;has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90&#160;days.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Wingdings">&#120;</span></span>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span id="xdx_90B_edei--EntityCurrentReportingStatus_c20220930__20230930_z9OawE7UPYnj"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-09-30to2023-09-30" name="dei:EntityCurrentReportingStatus">Yes</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</span></span>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;No</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule&#160;405 of Regulation S-T (&#167; 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12&#160;months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Wingdings">&#120;</span></span>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span id="xdx_901_edei--EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_c20220930__20230930_ziFSIlPX1zrg"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-09-30to2023-09-30" name="dei:EntityInteractiveDataCurrent">Yes</ix:nonNumeric></span>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</span></span>&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;No</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of &#8220;large accelerated filer,&#8221; &#8220;accelerated filer&#8221;, &#8220;smaller reporting company&#8221;, and &#8220;emerging growth company&#8221; in Rule&#160;12b-2 of the Exchange Act.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 25%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Large accelerated filer <span style="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</span></span></td>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">If an emerging growth company, indicate by a check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period of complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section&#160;13(a)&#160;of the Exchange Act. <span style="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0">If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant
included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. <span style="font-family: Wingdings"><span id="xdx_908_edei--DocumentFinStmtErrorCorrectionFlag_c20220930__20230930_z0vizjnBSed6"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-09-30to2023-09-30" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:DocumentFinStmtErrorCorrectionFlag">&#168;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></p>

<p style="margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0">Indicate by check mark whether
any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the
registrant&#8217;s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to &#167;240.10D-1(b). <span style="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule&#160;12b-2 of the Act). <span style="font-family: Wingdings"><span id="xdx_90B_edei--EntityShellCompany_c20220930__20230930_zROxMAucUD01"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2022-09-30to2023-09-30" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:EntityShellCompany">&#168;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></span> &#160;&#160;Yes&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Wingdings">&#120;</span></span> &#160;&#160;No</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The aggregate market value of the Registrant&#8217;s voting and non-voting common stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant, based upon the last sale price of the common stock reported on The Nasdaq Stock Market as of the last business day of the Registrant&#8217;s most recently completed second fiscal quarter (March&#160;31, 2023), was approximately $<span id="xdx_907_edei--EntityPublicFloat_iI_pn5n6_c20230331_z5UAONq9gD7e"><ix:nonFraction name="dei:EntityPublicFloat" contextRef="AsOf2023-03-31" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">14.4</ix:nonFraction></span> million. Shares of the Registrant&#8217;s common stock held by each executive officer and director and by each entity or person that, to the Registrant&#8217;s knowledge, owned 5% or more of the Registrant&#8217;s outstanding common stock as of March&#160;31, 2023 have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed to be affiliates of the Registrant. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">As of January&#160;19, 2024, the Registrant had outstanding <span id="xdx_905_edei--EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_iI_pdp0_c20240119_zoo03pc5Eky1"><ix:nonFraction name="dei:EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2024-01-19" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="0" unitRef="Shares">13,744,547</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b><span style="text-decoration: underline">DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE</span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">None.</p>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
  <td style="text-align: center; width: 30%"><b>Auditor Name&#160;</b></td>
  <td style="text-align: center; width: 40%"><b>Auditor Location</b></td>
  <td style="text-align: center; width: 30%"><b>Auditor Firm ID</b></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
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</table>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%"><div style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid; font-size: 1pt">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>EXPLANATORY NOTE</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Applied DNA Sciences,&#160;Inc. (the &#8220;Company&#8221;, &#8220;we&#8221;,
&#8220;us&#8221;, or &#8220;our&#8221;) is filing this Amendment No.&#160;1 to Form&#160;10-K (this &#8220;Amendment&#8221;) to amend
its Annual Report on Form&#160;10-K for the fiscal year ended September&#160;30, 2023, which was originally filed with the Securities
and Exchange Commission (the &#8220;SEC&#8221;) on December&#160;7, 2023 (the &#8220;Original Filing&#8221;).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We are filing this Amendment solely for the purpose of including in
Part&#160;III the information that was to be incorporated by reference from the Company&#8217;s definitive proxy statement for its 2024
Annual Meeting of Stockholders because the Company&#8217;s definitive proxy statement will not be filed with the SEC within 120 days after
the end of the Company&#8217;s fiscal year ended September&#160;30, 2023. This Amendment amends and restates in its entirety Items 10,
11, 12, 13 and 14 of Part&#160;III of the Original Filing. In addition, the Exhibit&#160;Index in Item 15 of Part&#160;IV of the Original
Filing is hereby amended and restated in its entirety and currently dated certifications required under Section&#160;302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002 are filed as exhibits to this Amendment. Because no financial statements are contained within this Amendment, we are not including
new certifications pursuant to Section&#160;906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Except as described above, no other changes have been made to the Original
Filing and the Original Filing continues to speak as of the date of the Original Filing. Except as expressly set forth herein, this Amendment
does not reflect events occurring after the date of the Original Filing or modify or update any of the other disclosures contained therein
in any way other than as required to reflect the amendments discussed above. Accordingly, this Amendment should be read in conjunction
with the Original Filing and the Company&#8217;s other filings with the SEC.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">All warrants, option, share and per share information in this report
gives retroactive effect to a one-for-forty reverse stock split that was effective on November&#160;1, 2019.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 2; Options: NewSection; Value: 2 -->
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    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>TABLE OF CONTENTS</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; background-color: white; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 10%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 80%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Page</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="vertical-align: top"><a href="#abc_001"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="color: blue">PART&#160;III</span></span></a></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="vertical-align: top"><a href="#abc_002"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="color: blue">ITEM 10.</span></span></a></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom"><a href="#abc_002"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="color: blue">DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE</span></span></a></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><a href="#abc_002"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="color: blue">4</span></span></a></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top"><a href="#abc_003"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="color: blue">ITEM 11.</span></span></a></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom"><a href="#abc_003"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="color: blue">EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION</span></span></a></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><a href="#abc_003"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="color: blue">10</span></span></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="vertical-align: top"><a href="#abc_004"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="color: blue">ITEM 12.</span></span></a></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-left: 9pt; text-indent: -9pt"><a href="#abc_004"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="color: blue">SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS</span></span></a></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><a href="#abc_004"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="color: blue">18</span></span></a></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top"><a href="#abc_005"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="color: blue">ITEM 13.</span></span></a></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom"><a href="#abc_005"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="color: blue">CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE</span></span></a></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><a href="#abc_005"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="color: blue">20</span></span></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="vertical-align: top"><a href="#abc_006"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="color: blue">ITEM 14.</span></span></a></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom"><a href="#abc_006"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; color: blue"><span style="text-decoration: underline">PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES</span></span></a></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><a href="#abc_006"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="color: blue">20</span></span></a></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="vertical-align: top"><a href="#abc_007"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="color: blue">PART&#160;IV</span></span></a></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="vertical-align: top"><a href="#abc_008"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="color: blue">ITEM&#160;15.</span></span></a></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom"><a href="#abc_008"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="color: blue">EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES</span></span></a></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: right"><a href="#abc_008"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="color: blue">21</span></span></a></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 3; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><p style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->3<!-- Field: /Sequence --></p></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b><span id="abc_001"></span>Part&#160;III</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 0px"></td>
    <td style="width: 72px"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="abc_002"></span>ITEM 10.</b></span></td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE</b></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Board of Directors, Executive Officers and Key Employees</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Board of Directors (the &#8220;Board of Directors&#8221;)
currently consists of six members. The term of each Director expires at our next annual meeting or until his or her successor is appointed.
Our executive officers are elected by, and serve at the discretion of, the Board of Directors. There are no family relationships between
any directors or executive officers.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The ages of the directors and executive officers are shown as of January&#160;19,
2024.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; width: 36%; padding-left: 0.1in; text-indent: -0.1in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Name</b></span></td>
    <td style="white-space: nowrap; width: 1%; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; white-space: nowrap; width: 5%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Ages</b></span></td>
    <td style="white-space: nowrap; width: 1%; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; white-space: nowrap; width: 57%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Position</b></span></td></tr>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td style="white-space: nowrap">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="white-space: nowrap">&#160;</td>
    <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td style="white-space: nowrap">&#160;</td>
    <td style="white-space: nowrap">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="white-space: nowrap">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="white-space: nowrap">&#160;</td>
    <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td style="white-space: nowrap">&#160;</td>
    <td style="white-space: nowrap">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="white-space: nowrap">&#160;</td>
    <td style="white-space: nowrap; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">40</span></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Set forth below is biographical information with respect to the aforementioned
individuals.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>James
A. Hayward, Ph.D.</i></b></span><b>, Sc.D.</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Dr.&#160;James A. Hayward has been our Chief Executive Officer since
March&#160;17, 2006, a director on the Board of Directors since September&#160;28, 2005 and our President and the Chairman of the Board
of Directors since June&#160;12, 2007. He was previously our acting Chief Executive Officer since October&#160;5, 2005. He also served
as Acting Chief Financial Officer from August&#160;20, 2013 through October&#160;13, 2013. Dr.&#160;Hayward received his Ph.D. in Molecular
Biology from the State University of New York at Stony Brook (&#8220;Stony Brook&#8221;) in 1983 and an honorary Doctor of Science from
the same institution in 2000. His experience with public companies began with the co-founding of one of England&#8217;s first biotechnology
companies&#8201;&#8212;&#8201;Biocompatibles,&#160;Ltd. Following this, Dr.&#160;Hayward was at the Estee Lauder companies for five
years, eventually becoming Head of Product Development. In 1990, he founded The Collaborative Group, a provider of products and services
to the biotechnology, pharmaceutical and consumer-product industries based in Stony Brook, where he served as Chairman, President and
Chief Executive Officer for 14 years. During this period, The Collaborative Group created several businesses, including The Collaborative
BioAlliance, a contract developer and manufacturer of human protein products that was sold to Dow Chemical in 2002, and Collaborative
Labs, a service provider and manufacturer of ingredients for skincare and dermatology that was sold to Engelhard (now BASF) in 2004.
He is the winner of the first Helix Award from BIO and has been twice elected Entrepreneur of the Year by Inc. Magazine and the Long
Island Technology Hall of Fame. He has served on the Boards of The Stony Brook Foundation, the NYS Research Foundation, and the NYS Regents
Advisory Board. Dr.&#160;Hayward also serves on the advisory board of the Manufacturing and Technology Resource Consortium of Stony Brook
University, and on the boards of Softheon Corporation, NeoMatrix Formulations,&#160;Inc. and the TNPO2 Foundation.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Dr.&#160;Hayward&#8217;s experience and senior leadership positions
in companies in the biotechnology, pharmaceutical and consumer-product industries, and specifically his qualifications and skills in
the areas of general operations, financial operations and administration, as well as his role as the Company&#8217;s Chief Executive
Officer and President, led the Board of Directors to conclude that Dr.&#160;Hayward should serve as a director of the Company.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><i>Yacov A. Shamash</i></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Dr.&#160;Yacov A. Shamash has been a member of the Board of Directors
since March&#160;17, 2006. Dr.&#160;Shamash is a Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Stony Brook, a position he has held
since 1992. From 1992 to 2015, he was the Dean of Engineering and Applied Sciences, and from 1995 to 2004, Dr.&#160;Shamash was also
the Dean of the Harriman School for Management and Policy at Stony Brook. He served as Vice President for Economic Development at Stony
Brook from 2001&#8201;to&#8201;2019. He was founder of the New York State Center for Excellence in Wireless and Information Technology,
and the New York State Center for Excellence in Advanced Energy Research, at Stony Brook. Dr.&#160;Shamash developed and directed the
NSF Industry/University Cooperative Research Center for the Design of Analog/Digital Integrated Circuits from 1989 to 1992 and also served
as Chairman of the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department at Washington State University from 1985 until 1992. Dr.&#160;Shamash
serves on the board of directors of public companies Comtech Telecommunications Corp. and Keytronic Corp. He is on the boards of several
not for profit organizations: the Long Island First Robotics and Listnet. Dr.&#160;Shamash holds a Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering
from the Imperial College of Science and Technology in London, England.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Dr.&#160;Shamash encounters leaders of businesses large and small,
regional and global in their reach, on a daily basis and, as a member of our Board of Directors, Dr.&#160;Shamash has played an integral
role in our business development by providing the highest-level introductions to customers, channels to market and to the media. Dr.&#160;Shamash
also brings to our Board of Directors his valuable experience gained from serving as a director at other private and public companies.
The Board of Directors believes that Dr.&#160;Shamash&#8217;s technical experience and other abilities make him a valuable member of
the Board of Directors.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><i>Sanford R. Simon</i></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Dr.&#160;Sanford R. Simon has been a member of the Board of Directors
since March&#160;17, 2006. Dr.&#160;Simon was a Professor of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Pathology at Stony Brook from 1969 to January&#160;2022.
He joined the faculty at Stony Brook as an Assistant Professor in 1969 and was promoted to Associate Professor with tenure in 1975. Dr.&#160;Simon
was a member of the board of directors of The Collaborative Group from 1995 to 2004. From 1967 to 1969, Dr.&#160;Simon was a Guest Investigator
at Rockefeller University. Dr.&#160;Simon received a B.A. in Zoology and Chemistry from Columbia University in 1963 and, a Ph.D. in Biochemistry
from Rockefeller University in 1967, and he studied as a postdoctoral fellow with Nobel Prize winner Max Perutz in Cambridge, England.
He has maintained an active research laboratory studying aspects of cell invasion in cancer and inflammation, the uses of small molecules
in modulating diverse cell functions, and novel strategies of drug delivery; he also teaches undergraduate, graduate, medical and dental
students.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Dr.&#160;Simon has worked in the use of large biomolecules in commercial
media, and we have made use of his expertise in formulating DNA into commercial carriers for specific customers. As a member of our Board
of Directors, Dr.&#160;Simon has advised us on patents, provided technical advice, and introduced us to corporate partners and customers.
The Board of Directors believes that Dr.&#160;Simon&#8217;s advice makes him a valuable member of the Board of Directors.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><i>Joseph D. Ceccoli</i></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Joseph D. Ceccoli has been a member of the Board of Directors since
December&#160;3, 2014. Since 2010, Mr.&#160;Ceccoli has been the Founder, President and CEO of Biocogent, LLC (&#8220;Biocogent&#8221;),
a bioscience company located at the Stony Brook Long Island High Technology Incubator. Biocogent is focused on the invention, development
and commercialization of skin-active molecules and treatment products used in regulated (over-the-counter / med-care), personal care
and consumer products. Prior to starting Biocogent, Mr.&#160;Ceccoli was Global Director of Operations for BASF Corporation, a global
Fortune 100 company and the world&#8217;s largest global chemical company, where he was responsible for the integration, operations and
growth of domestic and overseas business units from 2007 to 2008. Prior to BASF, Mr.&#160;Ceccoli was a General Manager for Engelhard
Corporation, a U.S.-based Fortune 500 company and chief operating officer of Long Island-based The Collaborative Group from 2004 to 2007.
Mr.&#160;Ceccoli holds a Bachelor of Science (&#8220;B.S.&#8221;) degree in Biotechnology from Rochester Institute of Technology and
advanced professional training in various pharmaceutical sciences, emulsion chemistry, engineering and management disciplines. He is
a member of numerous professional organizations such as the American Chemical Society and the Society of Cosmetic Chemists. Mr.&#160;Ceccoli
has authored and co-authored 16 technical papers that have appeared in peer reviewed and industry specific journals and magazines and
is inventor on 16 patents.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The Board of Directors believes that Mr.&#160;Ceccoli&#8217;s experience
across the bioscience and chemical markets, including in global and U.S.-based operations and management, enriches our Board of Directors.
Mr.&#160;Ceccoli&#8217;s experience as an executive officer and director of several bioscience and chemical companies and organizations
led the Board of Directors to conclude that he should serve as a director of the Company.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><i>Robert B. Catell</i></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Robert B. Catell has been a member of the Board of Directors since
October&#160;7, 2016. Mr.&#160;Catell serves as Chairman of the Advanced Energy Research and Technology Center (AERTC) at Stony Brook
and the National Offshore Wind Research and Development Consortium (NOWRDC). He also serves on the board of several business and not-for-profit
organizations, including Long Island Association (LIA), A+ Technology&#160;&amp; Security Solutions,&#160;Inc., ThermoLift Inc., and
Utility Technology Solutions (UTS). Mr.&#160;Catell was formerly Chairman and CEO of KeySpan Corporation and KeySpan Delivery (formerly
Brooklyn Union Gas), Chairman of National Grid, U.S. and Deputy Chairman of National Grid plc, upon National Grid&#8217;s acquisition
of KeySpan, and has served on numerous boards including New York State Energy Research&#160;&amp; Development Authority (NYSERDA.) Mr.&#160;Catell
chaired the New York State Business Council from 2002 to 2003 and the Brooklyn Chamber of Commerce from 1994 to 1995.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Mr.&#160;Catell holds both a Master&#8217;s and a Bachelor&#8217;s
degree in Mechanical Engineering from City College of New York and is a registered Professional Engineer. He has attended Columbia University&#8217;s
Executive Development Program, and the Advanced Management Program at the Harvard Business School.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The Board of Directors believe that Mr.&#160;Catell&#8217;s extensive
executive-level management experience, including as a director at other private and public companies and within regulated and technical
industries, qualifies him to serve as one of our directors.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><i>Elizabeth M. Schmalz Shaheen</i></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Ms.&#160;Elizabeth M. Schmalz Shaheen has been a member of the Board
of Directors since June&#160;1, 2017. She has served as President of American Flavors&#160;&amp; Fragrances LLC, a fragrance company,
since 2003. Ms.&#160;Schmalz Shaheen also serves as President of her own consulting firm, Betsy Schmalz&#160;&amp; Associates. She served
as Senior Vice President of Corporate Product Development at Est&#233;e Lauder. Ms.&#160;Schmalz Shaheen&#8217;s responsibilities included
overseeing product development for some of the company&#8217;s most prominent brands. Subsequently, she was Executive Vice President
of Product Development at Bath and Body Works&#160;and Victoria&#8217;s Secret for The Limited. Ms.&#160;Schmalz Shaheen started her
senior management career at Revlon with responsibility for new product development for brands including Borghese, Ultima II and Prestige
fragrances. She is an active member of Cosmetic Executive Women. She earned a bachelor&#8217;s degree in psychology from Georgian Court
University and serves on their Board of Trustees. Ms.&#160;Schmalz Shaheen&#8217;s track record of accomplishments as a strategist and
products leader within the cosmetics and personal care industries led the Board of Directors to conclude she should serve as a director
of the Company.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><i>Beth Jantzen</i></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Beth Jantzen has been our Chief Financial Officer since February&#160;15,
2015. Previously, Ms.&#160;Jantzen held the position of Controller from May&#160;2013 to her appointment as Chief Financial Officer.
Prior to joining the Company, Ms.&#160;Jantzen was a senior manager at Marcum LLP, our independent registered accounting firm, from January&#160;2000
until May&#160;2013, where she managed multiple engagements and specialized in SEC policies, practices and procedures, including Sarbanes-Oxley
compliance. Ms.&#160;Jantzen holds a B.S. in Accounting from the State University of New York at Binghamton and is also a Certified Public
Accountant (CPA).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><i>Judith Murrah</i></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="background-color: white">Ms.&#160;Judith Murrah has been
our Chief Operating Officer since January&#160;19, 2021, our Chief Information Officer since June&#160;1, 2013, and our Secretary since
December&#160;22, 2017. Ms.&#160;Murrah is responsible for&#160;our operations functions including production, quality,&#160;information
technology and security,&#160;marketing,&#160;development of key customer and partner relationships,&#160;and&#160;field operations.
Ms.&#160;Murrah was previously the Senior Director of Information Technology at Motorola Solutions, which had acquired her former firm,
Symbol Technologies. Her role at Motorola Solutions included overseeing the global IT program management office, financial and supplier
operations and quality assurance. At Symbol Technologies, Ms.&#160;Murrah held leadership positions in product line management, global
account sales, corporate and marketing communications and IT. Ms.&#160;Murrah holds an MBA from Harvard Business School, and a B.S. in
Industrial Engineering from the University of Rhode Island. She is an inventor on 14 U.S. patents. Ms.&#160;Murrah is active in Long
Island&#8217;s business and academic community. She has co-founded and volunteers with non-profits engaging students&#160;in science,
technology, engineering, and math disciplines. She serves on the boards of the Middle Country (N.Y.) Library Foundation, the Tesla Science
Center at Wardenclyffe, and Stony Brook University&#8217;s Center for Corporate Education. Ms.&#160;Murrah was named to the Top 50 Women
of Long Island Hall of Fame in 2023 and received the inaugural 2001 Diamond Award for Long Island Women Leaders in Technology.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Clay Shorrock</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; background-color: white">Mr.&#160;Shorrock has
been our Chief Legal Officer and Executive Director of Business Development since April&#160;2021. Mr.&#160;Shorrock leads Applied DNA&#8217;s
legal, regulatory, risk mitigation,&#160;intellectual property, and business development functions. Mr.&#160;Shorrock previously served
as general and intellectual property counsel to Applied DNA from November&#160;2016 through April&#160;2019. Prior to rejoining the Company
in April&#160;2021, Mr.&#160;Shorrock was a member of the intellectual property groups of Florida-based Lowndes, Drosdick, Doster, Kantor&#160;&amp;
Reed, P.A. and Allen, Dyer, Doppelt&#160;&amp; Gilchrist, P.A. Earlier in his career Mr.&#160;Shorrock was an associate at several New
Jersey-based law firms where he focused on intellectual property and complex commercial transactions. Mr.&#160;Shorrock holds a B.A.
in Biology from Franklin and Marshall College and a J.D. with a concentration in intellectual property from Seton Hall University Law
School.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>No Delinquent Section&#160;16(a)&#160;Reports</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Section&#160;16(a)&#160;of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as
amended (the &#8220;Exchange Act&#8221;), requires our officers and directors and persons who beneficially own more than 10% of any class
of our equity securities registered pursuant to Section&#160;12 of the Exchange Act to file reports of securities ownership and changes
in such ownership with the SEC. Officers, directors and greater than 10% beneficial owners (&#8220;10% stockholders&#8221;) also are
required by SEC rules&#160;to furnish us with copies of all Section&#160;16(a)&#160;forms they file. Based solely upon a review of the
copies of such forms furnished to us during or with respect to the fiscal year ended September&#160;30, 2023, as the case may be, and
upon written representations from these reporting persons, we believe that all reports required by Section&#160;16(a)&#160;applicable
to our officers, directors and 10% stockholders were filed on a timely basis, as disclosed in the forms described above, during the fiscal
year ended September&#160;30, 2023.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Governance of the Company</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Code of Ethics</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our Board of Directors has adopted a &#8220;code
of ethics&#8221; as defined by regulations promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Exchange Act (our &#8220;Code
of Business Conduct and Ethics&#8221;) that applies to all of our employees, officers and directors, including our Chief Executive Officer,
our Chief Financial Officer and those officers and employees responsible for financial reporting. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics
is designed to codify the ethical standards that we believe are reasonably designed to deter wrong-doing and promote honest and ethical
conduct.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We have established procedures to ensure that
suspected violations of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics may be reported anonymously. A current copy of our Code of Business Conduct
and Ethics is available on our website at <i>https://investors.adnas.com/corporate-governance/governance-documents</i>. A copy may also
be obtained, free of charge, from us upon a request directed to Applied DNA Sciences,&#160;Inc., 50 Health Sciences Drive, Stony Brook,
New York 11790, c/o Investor Relations. We intend to disclose any amendments to or waivers of a provision of the Code of Business Conduct
and Ethics granted to directors and officers by posting such information on our website available at <i>www.adnas.com</i> and/or in our
public filings with the SEC.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Board Committees</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Board of Directors maintains three committees:
the audit committee, compensation committee and the nominating committee.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><i>Audit Committee</i></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Messrs.&#160;Catell, Ceccoli, and Shamash (Chairperson)
served on the audit committee during the fiscal year ended September&#160;30, 2023 and continue to serve on the audit committee. The
Board of Directors has determined that each member of the audit committee is independent within the meaning of the director independence
standards of the Company and Nasdaq as well as the heightened director independence standards of the SEC for audit committee members,
including Rule&#160;10A-3(b)(1)&#160;under the Exchange Act. The Board of Directors has also determined that each of the members of the
audit committee is financially sophisticated and is able to read and understand consolidated financial statements and that Dr.&#160;Shamash
is an &#8220;audit committee financial expert&#8221; as defined in the Exchange Act. During fiscal 2023, the audit committee held four
formal meetings.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The composition and responsibilities of the audit
committee and the attributes of its members, as reflected in the charter, are intended to be in accordance with applicable requirements
for corporate audit committees. The audit committee charter will be reviewed, and amended if necessary, on an annual basis.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The audit committee assists the Board of Directors
in fulfilling its oversight responsibility relating to our financial statements and the disclosure and financial reporting process, our
system of internal controls, our internal audit function, the qualifications, independence and performance of our independent registered
public accounting firm, compliance with our code of ethics and legal and regulatory requirements. The audit committee has the sole authority
to appoint, retain, terminate, compensate and oversee the work of the independent registered public accounting firm, as well as to pre-approve
all audit and non-audit services to be provided by the independent registered public accounting firm.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><i>Compensation Committee</i></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Messrs.&#160;Ceccoli and Shamash (Chairperson)
and Ms.&#160;Schmalz Shaheen served on the compensation committee during the fiscal year ended September&#160;30, 2023 and continue to
serve on the compensation committee. The compensation committee reviews and approves salaries and bonuses for all officers, reviews and
approves non-employee directors&#8217; compensation, administers options outstanding under our stock incentive plan, provides advice
and carries out the responsibilities required by SEC rules. The compensation committee believes that its processes and oversight should
be directed toward attracting, retaining and motivating employees and non-employee directors to promote and advance our interests and
strategic goals. As requested by the compensation committee, the Chief Executive Officer will provide information and may participate
in discussions regarding compensation for other executive officers. The compensation committee also considers other general industry
information and trends if available. During fiscal 2023, the compensation committee held one formal meeting.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><i>Nominating Committee</i></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Messrs.&#160;Shamash (Chairperson) and Simon and
Ms.&#160;Schmalz Shaheen served on the nominating committee during the fiscal year ended September&#160;30, 2023 and continue to serve
on the nominating committee. The Board of Directors has determined that each member of the nominating committee is independent within
the meaning of the director independence standards of the Company, Nasdaq and the SEC.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The nominating committee is responsible for, among
other things: reviewing the Board of Directors&#8217; composition, procedures and committees, and making recommendations on these matters
to the Board of Directors; and reviewing, soliciting and making recommendations to the Board of Directors and stockholders with respect
to candidates for election to the Board of Directors. During fiscal 2023, the nominating committee held one formal meeting.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 0px"></td>
    <td style="width: 72px"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="abc_003"></span>ITEM 11.</b></span></td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION</b></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.75in"><b>Compensation Overview</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The compensation committee has overall responsibility
for approving and evaluating the compensation arrangements for our named executive officers. Our named executive officers for fiscal
2023 are our Chief Executive Officer and President, Dr.&#160;James Hayward, our Chief Financial Officer, Beth Jantzen, our Chief Operating
Officer and Chief Information Officer, Judith Murrah, and our Chief Legal Officer, Clay Shorrock. Our Chief Executive Officer provides
recommendations to the compensation committee with respect to the compensation of the named executive officers other than himself. However,
the compensation committee is free to make decisions that are contrary to the Chief Executive Officer&#8217;s recommendations.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.75in"><b>Our Executive Compensation Philosophy
and Objectives</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>General
</i></b></span>&#160;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The fundamental purpose of our executive compensation
program is to assist us in achieving our financial and operating performance objectives. Specifically, we attempt to tailor an executive&#8217;s
compensation to (1)&#160;retain and motivate the executive, (2)&#160;reward him or her upon the achievement of Company-wide and individual
performance, and (3)&#160;align the executive&#8217;s interest with the creation of long-term stockholder value, without encouraging
excessive risk taking. To that end, and within the context of the stage of our company, we have historically compensated our named executive
officers through a mix of base salary, equity-based incentives and cash bonuses.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our business model is based on our ability to
establish long-term relationships with clients and to maintain our strong mission, client focus, entrepreneurial spirit and team orientation.
We have sought to create an executive compensation package that balances short-term versus long-term components, in ways we believe are
most appropriate to motivate senior management and reward them for achieving key business goals.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.75in"><b><i>Base Salary</i></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We did not change the annual base salary for any
of our named executive officers in fiscal 2023, and their respective annual base salaries remained as follows: Dr.&#160;Hayward, $450,000,
Ms.&#160;Jantzen, $300,000, Ms.&#160;Murrah, $325,000 and Mr.&#160;Shorrock, $300,000. Effective as of January&#160;1, 2024, Dr.&#160;Hayward
and Ms.&#160;Murrah voluntarily reduced their annual base salaries to $250,000 and $243,750, respectively, in response to the then current
cash position of the Company. This voluntary reduction is effective until March&#160;31, 2024.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><b><i>Bonuses</i></b></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">While the compensation committee determined that
Dr.&#160;Hayward was eligible to receive a discretionary bonus in the amount of $500,000 with respect to his performance for fiscal 2023,
on January&#160;19, 2024, Dr.&#160;Hayward elected not to receive any cash incentive or other bonus for fiscal 2023, in light of the
Company&#8217;s current cash position.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">On January&#160;23, 2023, upon recommendation
from the compensation committee, the Board of Directors approved a discretionary cash bonus, in respect of fiscal 2022 performance, for
each of Ms.&#160;Jantzen, Mr.&#160;Shorrock and Ms.&#160;Murrah.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The discretionary cash incentive bonus amount
totaled $99,000 (33% of their annual base salary rate) for each of Ms.&#160;Jantzen and Mr.&#160;Shorrock and $107,250 (33% of her annual
base salary rate) for Ms.&#160;Murrah.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">As of the date of this report, the compensation
committee and the Board of Directors have not yet determined whether any bonus will be granted to Ms.&#160;Jantzen, Mr.&#160;Shorrock
or Ms.&#160;Murrah in respect of fiscal 2023 performance. To the extent that any such named executive officer ultimately receives a bonus
in respect of fiscal 2023 performance, the Company will disclose same by way of a separate filing under Form&#160;8-K.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.75in"><b><i>Long-Term Stock-Based Compensation</i></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our long-term compensation program has historically
consisted solely of stock options. Stock option grants made to executive officers are designed to provide them with an incentive to execute
their responsibilities in such a way as to generate long-term benefit to us and our stockholders.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We believe that, by only rewarding the creation of stockholder value,
stock options provide our executive officers with an effective risk and reward profile.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
January&#160;23, 2023, </span>upon recommendation from the compensation committee&#160;, the Board of Directors approved, for each of
Ms.&#160;Jantzen, Mr.&#160;Shorrock and Ms.&#160;Murrah, a compensation plan consisting of (i)&#160;a grant of restricted stock units,
each representing the right to receive one share of the Company&#8217;s common stock upon vesting (&#8220;RSUs&#8221;), and (ii)&#160;a
grant of stock options, each representing the right to receive one share of the Company&#8217;s common stock upon exercise (&#8220;Options&#8221;),
as further described below. On March&#160;23, 2023, the compensation committee approved and granted the RSUs and the Options under the
Company&#8217;s 2020 Equity Incentive Plan.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>RSUs.
</i></span>As noted above, the compensation plan provided for the grant of RSUs, with each participating named executive officer awarded
an RSU grant with a grant date fair value equal to 33% of the named executive officer&#8217;s annual base salary (i.e., $99,000, in the
case of each of Ms.&#160;Jantzen and Mr.&#160;Shorrock, and $107,250, in the case of Ms.&#160;Murrah). Each of Ms.&#160;Jantzen and Mr.&#160;Shorrock
received a grant of 91,667 RSUs, and Ms.&#160;Murrah received a grant of 99,306 RSUs. The RSUs will vest in full on the 12-month anniversary
of the date of grant, subject to the relevant named executive officer&#8217;s continued employment with the Company. There is no acceleration
of vesting upon any termination of employment that occurs prior to the applicable vesting date.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Options</i></span>.
Also as noted above, the compensation plan provided for the grant of Options, with each participating named executive officer awarded
an Option grant with a grant date fair value equal to 34% of the named executive officer&#8217;s annual base salary (i.e., $102,000,
in the case of each of Ms.&#160;Jantzen and Mr.&#160;Shorrock, and $110,500, in the case of Ms.&#160;Murrah). Each of Ms.&#160;Jantzen
and Mr.&#160;Shorrock received a grant of 100,000 Options, and Ms.&#160;Murrah received a grant of 108,333 Options. The Options have
a 10-year term and will vest in equal 25% installments on each of the first four anniversaries of the date of grant, subject to the relevant
named executive officer&#8217;s continued employment with the Company. There is no acceleration of vesting upon any termination of employment
that occurs prior to the applicable vesting date.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Benefits
</i></b></span>&#160;</p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We provide the following benefits to our named
executive officers on the same basis as the benefits provided to all employees:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 48px">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 24px"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">health and dental insurance;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 48px">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 24px"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">life insurance;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 48px">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 24px"><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10pt">&#183;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">short-and long-term disability; and</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
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    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">401(k)&#160;Plan (currently there is no employer match)</span></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We believe these benefits are generally consistent
with those offered by other companies and specifically with those companies with which we compete for employees.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b><i>Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation</i></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">None of the members of our compensation committee
is or has been an officer or employee of our company. None of our executive officers currently serves, or in the past year has served,
as a member of the compensation committee or director (or other board committee performing equivalent functions or, in the absence of
any such committee, the entire Board of Directors) of any entity that has one or more executive officers who will serve on our compensation
committee or our Board of Directors.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Summary Compensation Table</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table sets forth the compensation
of our named executive officers for the fiscal years ended September&#160;30, 2023 and 2022.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 0.4in">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 0.25in"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(1)</p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p></td>
    <td><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
</span>January&#160;23, 2023, upon recommendation from the compensation committee, the Board of Directors approved, in respect of fiscal
2022 performance, for each of Ms.&#160;Jantzen, Mr.&#160;Shorrock and Ms.&#160;Murrah, a discretionary cash incentive bonus, in the amount
of (i)&#160;$99,000 for each of Ms.&#160;Jantzen and Mr.&#160;Shorrock and (ii)&#160;$107,250 for Ms.&#160;Murrah.</p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>(2)</td>
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received a restricted stock unit (&#8220;RSU&#8221;) grant with a grant date fair value of $99,000, and Ms.&#160;Murrah received an RSU
grant with a grant date fair value of $107,250. As noted above, the RSUs vest in full on the first anniversary of the date of grant (i.e.,
March&#160;23, 2024), subject to the relevant named executive officer&#8217;s continued employment with the Company through the vesting
date.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The grant date fair value of each of the aforementioned RSU grants
was calculated in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, or ASC 718. Information concerning these amounts and the assumptions used to calculate
these amounts are set forth in our Form&#160;10-K for fiscal 2023, filed with the SEC on December&#160;7, 2023, under the caption &#8220;Item
7. Management&#8217;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations &#8212;Critical Accounting Estimates and
Policies,&#8221; and in Note C to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.</p>
</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#160;</td>
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date fair value of $110,500. As noted above, the stock options vest in equal 25% installments on each of the first four anniversaries
of the date of grant (i.e., March&#160;23rd of each of 2024, 2025, 2026 and 2027), subject to the relevant named executive officer&#8217;s
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The grant date fair value of each of the aforementioned stock option
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the grant date). Information concerning these amounts and the assumptions used to calculate these amounts are set forth in our Form&#160;10-K
for fiscal 2023, filed with the SEC on December&#160;7, 2023, under the caption &#8220;Item 7. Management&#8217;s Discussion and Analysis
of Financial Condition and Results of Operations &#8212;Critical Accounting Estimates and Policies,&#8221; and in Note C to the accompanying
consolidated financial statements.</p>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End</b></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table shows information concerning
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&#151;</td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&#151;</td><td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 5%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 5%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 90%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">All stock option
    grants reflected in this column are fully vested and exercisable.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Each of the stock option grants
    made in fiscal 2023 vests in equal 25% installments on each of the first four anniversaries of the date of grant (i.e., March&#160;23rd
    of each of 2024, 2025, 2026 and 2027), subject to the relevant named executive officer&#8217;s continued employment with the Company
    through the applicable vesting date.</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Each of the RSU grants made
    in fiscal 2023 vests in full on the first anniversary of the date of grant (i.e., March&#160;23, 2024), subject to the relevant named
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  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
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    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left">Values determined based on the closing price of our common stock as of September&#160;29, 2023, the
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  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Employment Agreement with Dr.&#160;James A. Hayward</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><i>The following is a discussion of our employment
agreement with Dr.&#160;Hayward as of January&#160;1, 2024 and, where indicated, compensation actions prior to such date.</i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Chief Executive Officer is the only named
executive officer with an employment agreement. Effective as of January&#160;1, 2024, Dr.&#160;Hayward voluntarily reduced his salary
to $250,000 in response to the then current cash position of the Company. This voluntary reduction is effective until March&#160;31,
2024.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The initial term of Dr.&#160;Hayward&#8217;s employment
agreement was from July&#160;1, 2016 to July&#160;1, 2017, and the term of the employment agreement renews automatically on an annual
basis thereafter, unless either party provides the other with 90 days&#8217; advance written notice of non-renewal. The employment agreement
provides for an annual base salary, which is described above in the section entitled &#8220;Base Salary,&#8221; and the Board of Directors,
acting in its discretion, may also grant annual bonuses and annual equity awards to Dr.&#160;Hayward, provided that Dr.&#160;Hayward
may not be treated less favorably with respect to annual bonuses or annual equity awards than other executives of the Company. Dr.&#160;Hayward
will be eligible to participate in retirement, welfare and incentive plans available to the Company&#8217;s other employees. The employment
agreement also provides for the following limited perquisites: an automobile allowance of up to $1,500 per month, a gas allowance, the
use of an outside driver for up to 20 hours per week, a gym membership and an airline club membership.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The employment agreement with Dr.&#160;Hayward
also provides that if he is terminated by the Company without &#8220;cause&#8221; (as defined in the employment agreement and summarized
below) or if Dr.&#160;Hayward terminates his employment for &#8220;good reason&#8221; (as defined in the employment agreement and summarized
below), then, in addition to payment or provision of any earned and unpaid base salary, bonus and benefits, and subject to his delivery
of an executed general release and continuing compliance with restrictive covenants, Dr.&#160;Hayward will be entitled to receive: (i)&#160;a
pro&#160;rata portion (based on the number of days elapsed from the beginning of the Company&#8217;s fiscal year to the date of his termination
of employment) of the greater of (A)&#160;the annual bonus he would have received if his employment had continued through the end of
the fiscal year of termination and (B)&#160;the prior year&#8217;s annual bonus; (ii)&#160;installment payments for two&#160;years following
termination in an aggregate amount equal to the greater of (A)&#160;2.99 times Dr.&#160;Hayward&#8217;s base salary and (B)&#160;two
times the sum of (I)&#160;Dr.&#160;Hayward&#8217;s base salary and (II)&#160;Dr.&#160;Hayward&#8217;s prior year&#8217;s annual bonus
(or, if greater, Dr.&#160;Hayward&#8217;s target bonus (if any) for the fiscal year of termination); (iii)&#160;Company-paid COBRA continuation
coverage for 18&#160;months post-termination; (iv)&#160;continuing life insurance benefits (if any) for two&#160;years post-termination;
and (v)&#160;extended exercisability of any outstanding vested stock options and stock appreciation rights (until three&#160;years from
the termination date or, if earlier, until the expiration of the fixed stock option or stock appreciation right term).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
termination of Dr.&#160;Hayward&#8217;s employment is triggered by the Company without cause or by Dr.&#160;Hayward for good reason,
in each case, within six&#160;months before or two&#160;years after a &#8220;change in control of the Company&#8221; (as defined in the
employment agreement), then, the severance payments that would otherwise have been paid in installments will be paid in a lump sum. Further,
unless assumed or continued by the acquiror, all of Dr.&#160;Hayward&#8217;s outstanding stock options and other equity incentive awards
will become fully vested upon the occurrence of a change in control of the Company (whether or not his employment is terminated in connection
with such change in control). The exercisability period of outstanding stock options and stock appreciation rights would be extended
until three&#160;years following the change in control (or, if later, until three&#160;years following a qualifying termination after
a change in control), or, if earlier, until the earlier expiration of the fixed stock option or stock appreciation right term. In addition,
the employment agreement provides that if the payments and benefits due to Dr.&#160;Hayward in connection with a change in control would
be subject to an excise tax under Section&#160;280G of the Code, they will be reduced to the maximum amount that would not trigger the
excise tax, unless Dr.&#160;Hayward would be better off (on an after-tax basis) receiving all of the payments and benefits and paying
all necessary applicable taxes. Additionally, </span>if, following a change in control, the Company fails to comply with any of its obligations
under the employment agreement or the Company takes any action to declare the employment agreement void or unenforceable or institutes
any litigation or other legal action designed to deny, diminish or to recover from Dr.&#160;Hayward (or his beneficiary) the payments
and benefits intended to be provided, then Dr.&#160;Hayward (or his beneficiary, as the case may be) shall be entitled to select and
retain counsel at the expense of the Company to represent him (or his beneficiary) in connection with the good faith initiation or defense
of any litigation or other legal action, whether by or against the Company or any director, officer, stockholder or other person affiliated
with the Company or any successor thereto in any jurisdiction.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Upon a termination of his employment due to death
or &#8220;disability&#8221; (as defined in the employment agreement), Dr.&#160;Hayward will generally be entitled to receive the same
payments and benefits he would have received if his employment had been terminated by the Company without cause, other than the installment
payments and the continuing life insurance benefits, and additionally, the extended exercisability provisions would apply to any outstanding
stock options only.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">For purposes of the employment agreement, &#8220;cause&#8221;
means Dr.&#160;Hayward: (i)&#160;is convicted of or pleads nolo contendere to a felony, (ii)&#160;commits fraud or a material act or
omission involving dishonesty affecting the assets, business or reputation of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates, (iii)&#160;willfully
fails or refuses to carry out the material responsibilities of his employment, as reasonably determined by the Board of Directors, (iv)&#160;engages
in gross negligence, willful misconduct or a pattern of behavior that has had or is reasonably likely to have a significant adverse effect
on the Company or his ability to perform the duties and responsibilities of his employment, or (v)&#160;willfully engages in any act
or omission that is in material violation of Company policy, including, without limitation, Company policy on business ethics and conduct,
and Company policy on the use of inside information and insider trading; provided, however, that, if the conduct giving rise to termination
for Cause is curable without material harm to the business or assets of the Company, Dr.&#160;Hayward will be afforded an opportunity
to effect such a cure within 30 days after notice of termination and thereby avoid a termination for Cause based upon such conduct.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">For purposes of the employment agreement, &#8220;good
reason&#8221; is defined as <span style="background-color: white">any of the following: (i)&#160;a material adverse change by the Company
of Dr.&#160;Hayward&#8217;s status or position as the Chief Executive Officer, including, without limitation, a material diminution of
his position, duties, responsibilities or authority or the assignment to him of duties or responsibilities that are materially inconsistent
with his status or position; (ii)&#160;a non-voluntary reduction by the Company of his annual base salary or failure to pay same; (iii)&#160;a
breach by the Company of any of its material obligations under the employment agreement; (iv)&#160;relocation of Dr.&#160;Hayward without
his consent beyond a 75-mile radius of his then principal place of employment in violation of the employment agreement; or (v)&#160;in
connection with a change in control, the failure or refusal by the successor or acquiring company to expressly assume the obligations
of Company under the employment agreement. As a condition to terminating his employment for Good Reason, Dr.&#160;Hayward must, within
60 days after the occurrence of the event or condition giving rise to such termination, provide written notice to the Company (or the
successor or acquiring company) of his desire to terminate for Good Reason, specifying the nature of the act or omission that he deems
to constitute Good Reason. The Company shall have 30 days after receipt of such notice to review and, if required, correct the situation
(and thus prevent his termination for Good Reason).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Dr.&#160;Hayward is subject to standard restrictive
covenants, including a two-year post-employment non-compete and a two-year post-employment non-solicit of employees or customers.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Director Compensation: Fiscal 2023</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In fiscal 2023, on January&#160;25, 2023, we granted
an option to purchase 112,649 shares of our common stock (having a grant date fair value of $150,000) to each of our non-employee directors,
in respect of fiscal 2023. The stock options have a 10-year term and will vest on the first anniversary of the date of grant, subject
to the director&#8217;s continued service on our Board of Directors.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">In addition, in recognition for their service
on certain committees, additional stock options were granted to those members of our Board of Directors who also serve on such committees.
As such, also on January&#160;25, 2023, we granted stock options with a 10-year term that vest on the first anniversary of the date of
grant, subject to the director&#8217;s continued service on our Board of Directors, to Mr.&#160;Simon, Mr.&#160;Shamash, Mr.&#160;Catell,
Mr.&#160;Ceccoli and Ms.&#160;Schmalz Shaheen. The stock option grant is with respect to 939 shares of our common stock and has a grant
date fair value of $1,250 in the case of Mr.&#160;Simon, 9,388 shares of our common stock and has a grant date fair value of $12,500
in the case of Mr.&#160;Shamash, 3,755 shares of our common stock and has a grant date fair value of $5,000 in the case of Mr.&#160;Ceccoli,
1,878 shares of our common stock and has a grant date fair value of $2,500 in the case of Mr.&#160;Catell, and 2,816 shares of our common
stock and has a grant date fair value of $3,750 in the case of Ms.&#160;Schmalz Shaheen.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">None of the members of our Board of Directors
received any other compensation in respect of fiscal 2023.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Option</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td colspan="2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Total</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Name</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">($)(2)</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">162,500</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">155,000</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">150,000</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.1in; padding-left: 0.1in">Robert C.
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">152,500</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">152,500</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.1in; padding-left: 0.1in">Elizabeth
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    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">153,750</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">153,750</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(1)&#160; On July&#160;31, 2023, Scott L. Anchin provided notice to
the Company of his intention not to stand for re-election as director at the Company&#8217;s upcoming annual meeting of stockholders
held on September&#160;19, 2023. Mr.&#160;Anchin&#8217;s term as director expired upon the election of directors at the annual meeting.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(2)&#160;Represents the grant date fair value of the stock option
grants, calculated in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, or ASC 718, specifically based on the Black Scholes value thereof as of the
grant date. Information concerning these amounts and the assumptions used to calculate these amounts are set forth in our Form&#160;10-K
for fiscal 2023, filed with the SEC on December&#160;7, 2023, under the caption &#8220;Item 7. Management&#8217;s Discussion and Analysis
of Financial Condition and Results of Operations &#8212;Critical Accounting Estimates and Policies,&#8221; and in Note C to the accompanying
consolidated financial statements. As noted above, the stock options vest in full on the first anniversary of the date of grant (i.e.,
January&#160;25, 2024), subject to the relevant director&#8217;s continued service on our Board of Directors through the vesting date.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 72px"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="abc_004"></span>ITEM 12.</b></span></td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS
    AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS</b></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.75in"><b>Equity Compensation Plan Information</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table provides information as of
September&#160;30, 2023 with respect to shares of our common stock that may be issued under our existing equity compensation plans.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
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  </table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in">(1)</td><td>Includes unsettled RSUs</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.75in"><b>Security Ownership of Certain
Beneficial Owners and Management</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table sets forth certain information
regarding the shares of our common stock beneficially owned as of January&#160;19, 2024, (i)&#160;by each person who is known to us to
beneficially own 5% or more of the outstanding common stock, (ii)&#160;by each of the executive officers named in the table under &#8220;Summary
Compensation Table&#8221; and by each of our directors named in the table under &#8220;Director Compensation: Fiscal 2023&#8221; who
were directors as of January&#160;19, 2024 and (iii)&#160;by all executive officers and directors as a group.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Unless otherwise indicated below, each person
or entity has an address in care of our principal executive offices at 50 Health Sciences Drive, Stony Brook, New York 11790.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
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<tr style="vertical-align: top">
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<tr style="vertical-align: top">
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<tr style="vertical-align: top">
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<tr style="vertical-align: top">
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<tr style="vertical-align: top">
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<tr style="vertical-align: top">
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<tr style="vertical-align: top">
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    underlying currently exercisable options.</span></td></tr>

<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 5pt; width: 24px">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 5pt; width: 48px"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(8)</span></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Includes 166,772 shares
    underlying currently exercisable options.</span></td></tr>

<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 5pt; width: 24px">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 5pt; width: 48px"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(9)</span></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Includes 72,446 shares
    underlying currently exercisable options.</span></td></tr>

<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 5pt; width: 24px">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 5pt; width: 48px"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(10)</span></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Includes 81,443 shares
    underlying currently exercisable options.</span></td></tr>

<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 5pt; width: 24px">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 5pt; width: 48px"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(11)</span></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Includes 166,684 shares
    underlying currently exercisable options.</span></td></tr>

<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 5pt; width: 24px">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 5pt; width: 48px"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(12)</span></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Excludes 91,667, 91,667
    and 99,306 shares underlying RSUs for Ms.&#160;Jantzen, Ms.&#160;Murrah and Mr.&#160;Shorrock, respectively, that were granted on
    March&#160;23, 2023 and vest in full on March&#160;23, 2024.</span></td></tr>

<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 5pt; width: 24px">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 5pt; width: 48px"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(13)</span></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Excludes 100,000, 100,000
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<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 5pt; width: 24px">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 5pt; width: 48px"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(14)</span></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Includes 46,577 shares
    underlying currently exercisable options. </span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 72px"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="abc_005"></span>ITEM 13.</b></span></td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS,
    AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE</b></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b><i>Director Independence</i></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Board of Directors has determined that currently
and at all times during the fiscal year ended September&#160;30, 2023, each of our directors other than Dr.&#160;Hayward and Mr.&#160;Anchin&#8212;consisting
of Robert B. Catell, Joseph D. Ceccoli, Yacov A. Shamash, Sanford R. Simon, and Elizabeth M. Schmalz Shaheen &#8212;are and were &#8220;independent&#8221;
as defined by the listing standards of Nasdaq, constituting a majority of independent directors on our Board of Directors as required
by the rules&#160;of Nasdaq. On July&#160;31, 2023, Scott L. Anchin, provided notice to the Company of his intention not to stand for
re-election as director at the Company&#8217;s upcoming annual meeting of stockholders held on September&#160;19, 2023. Mr.&#160;Anchin&#8217;s
term as director expired upon the election of directors at the annual meeting. The Board of Directors considers in its evaluation of
independence whether any director has a relationship with us that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying
out his or her responsibilities of a director.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 72px"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="abc_006"></span>ITEM 14.</b></span></td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES</b></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>Audit and Other Fees</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The following table sets forth fees billed to
us by our current independent auditors during the fiscal years ended September&#160;30, 2023 and 2022 for: (i)&#160;services rendered
for the audit of our annual financial statements and the review of our quarterly financial statements, (ii)&#160;services by our auditor
that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of our financial statements and that are not reported as Audit
Fees, (iii)&#160;services rendered in connection with tax compliance, tax advice and tax planning, and (iv)&#160;all other fees for services
rendered.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</td><td style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</td><td style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</td><td style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</td><td style="font: italic bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: italic bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center">Marcum&#160;LLP</td><td style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 5%; text-indent: -0.1in; padding-left: 0.1in">(i)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 55%; text-align: left">Audit Fees</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 12%; text-align: right">278,105</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 12%; text-align: right">249,035</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -0.1in; padding-left: 0.1in">(ii)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Audit-Related Fees</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: -0.1in; padding-left: 0.1in">(iii)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">Tax Fees</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">26,265</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">22,000</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -0.1in; padding-left: 0.1in">(iv)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">All Other Fees</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td colspan="3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.1in; padding-left: 0.1in">Total Fees</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">304,370</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">$</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right">271,035</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Audit
Fees</i></span> &#8212; Consists of fees billed for professional services rendered for the audit of our consolidated financial statements,
review of the interim consolidated financial statements included in quarterly reports, and services that are normally provided by our
independent auditors in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements, including registration statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Audit-Related
Fees</i></span> &#8212; Consists of fees billed for assurance and related services that are reasonably related to the performance of
the audit or review of our consolidated financial statements and are not reported under &#8220;Audit Fees,&#8221; such as accounting
consultation and audits in connection with acquisitions.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Tax
Fees</i></span> &#8212; Consists of fees billed for professional services for tax compliance, tax advice and tax planning.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>All
Other Fees</i></span> &#8212; Consists of fees for products and services other than the services reported above.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors
has considered whether the provision of non-audit services is compatible with maintaining the principal accountant&#8217;s independence
and has determined that independence has been maintained.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><b>Audit Committee Pre-Approval Policy</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Our audit committee is responsible for approving
all audit, audit-related, tax and other services. The audit committee pre-approves all auditing services and permitted non-audit services,
including all fees and terms to be performed for us by our independent auditor at the beginning of the fiscal year. Non-audit services
are reviewed and pre-approved by project at the beginning of the fiscal year. Any additional non-audit services contemplated by us after
the beginning of the fiscal year are submitted to the chairman of our audit committee for pre-approval prior to engaging our independent
auditor for such services. These interim pre-approvals are reviewed with the full audit committee at its next meeting for ratification.
During the fiscal years ended September&#160;30, 2023 and 2022, all services performed by Marcum LLP were pre-approved by our audit committee
in accordance with these policies and applicable SEC regulations.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b><span id="abc_007"></span>Part&#160;IV</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 72px"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="abc_008"></span>ITEM 15.</b></span></td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES</b></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 24px">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 24px"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Exhibits</i></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Exhibit</b></span></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Incorporated
    by Reference</b></span></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; text-align: center">&#160;</td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Filed
    or</b></span><br />
    <b>Furnished</b></td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; width: 8%; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Number</b></span></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%"><b>&#160;</b></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; vertical-align: bottom; width: 42%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Description</b></span></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%"><b>&#160;</b></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; width: 8%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Form</b></span></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; width: 8%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Exhibit</b></span></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; width: 8%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>File
    No.</b></span></td>
    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; width: 1%; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Date
    Filed</b></span></td>
    <td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: top; width: 1%"><b>&#160;</b></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
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<p style="margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0"></p>

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    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2pt; vertical-align: top"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/744452/000157104915009962/t83787_ex10-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">001-36745</span></a></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
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    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2pt; vertical-align: top"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/744452/000110465920089239/tm2024845-2_def14a.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">001-36745</span></a></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2pt">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/744452/000114420417042045/v472281_ex10-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">001-36745</span></a></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/744452/000114420417042045/v472281_ex10-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8/10/2017</span></a></td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/744452/000114420417064423/tv481658_ex10-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8-K</span></a></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/744452/000114420417064423/tv481658_ex10-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.1</span></a></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/744452/000114420417064423/tv481658_ex10-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">001-36745</span></a></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr>
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    <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2pt">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="vertical-align: bottom; padding-bottom: 2pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2pt"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/744452/000114420418063250/tv508537_ex10-3.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.15</span></a></td>
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    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2pt; vertical-align: top">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2pt; vertical-align: top">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2pt; vertical-align: top"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/744452/000114420419041661/tv528207_ex10-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">001-36745</span></a></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2pt; vertical-align: top">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2pt; vertical-align: top">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2pt; vertical-align: top">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2pt; vertical-align: top">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2pt; vertical-align: top"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/744452/000110465919063574/tm1921482d3_ex1-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">001-36745</span></a></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
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  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
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<p style="margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="padding-bottom: 2pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
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    <td style="padding-bottom: 2pt">&#160;</td>
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<p style="margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2pt; vertical-align: top"><a href="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/744452/000110465924001819/tm242253d1_ex10-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10.1</span></a></td>
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  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
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    <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-bottom: 2pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td>
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<p style="margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0"></p>

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<p style="margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Date: January&#160;26, 2024</p>

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    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-types/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-types-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2022-03-31" schemaLocation="https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2022-03-31/types.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2023/country-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-2023.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt-types/2023" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-types-2023.xsd" />
</schema>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>apdn-20230930_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION LABEL LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 5.21a -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: https://www.novaworks.com -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
<link:linkbase xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedPeriodEndLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedPeriodEndLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedPeriodStartLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedPeriodStartLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedTotalLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTotalLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedNetLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedNetLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedTerseLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/net-2009-12-16.xsd#netLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/netLabel" />
    <link:labelLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/link">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:to="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CoverAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cover [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentType" xlink:to="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Type</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AmendmentDescription" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentDescription" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:label="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:to="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Registration Statement</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAnnualReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Annual Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Quarterly Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentTransitionReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Transition Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Shell Company Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Shell Company Event Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period Start Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Period Focus</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Year Focus</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:to="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current Fiscal Year End Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity File Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Primary SIC Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Three</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Country</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CountryRegion" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CountryRegion" xlink:to="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Country Region</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Extension_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Extension</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">No Trading Symbol Flag</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(g) Security</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Annual Information Form</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Audited Annual Financial Statements</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:to="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Voluntary Filers</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Current Reporting Status</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Small Business</link:label>
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</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>apdn-20230930_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
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    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: https://www.novaworks.com -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.4</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140295516619728">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 30, 2023</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 19, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Mar. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">10-K/A<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentAnnualReport', window );">Document Annual Report</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentTransitionReport', window );">Document Transition Report</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Sep. 30,  2023<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus', window );">Document Fiscal Period Focus</a></td>
<td class="text">FY<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus', window );">Document Fiscal Year Focus</a></td>
<td class="text">2023<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate', window );">Current Fiscal Year End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">--09-30<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-36745<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">APPLIED DNA SCIENCES, INC.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0000744452<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">59-2262718<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">50 Health Sciences Drive<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Stony Brook<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">NY<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">11790<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">631<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">240-8800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock, $0.001 par value<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">APDN<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer', window );">Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer</a></td>
<td class="text">No<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers', window );">Entity Voluntary Filers</a></td>
<td class="text">No<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus', window );">Entity Current Reporting Status</a></td>
<td class="text">Yes<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent', window );">Entity Interactive Data Current</a></td>
<td class="text">Yes<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFilerCategory', window );">Entity Filer Category</a></td>
<td class="text">Non-accelerated Filer<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntitySmallBusiness', window );">Entity Small Business</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityShellCompany', window );">Entity Shell Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityPublicFloat', window );">Entity Public Float</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14.4<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,744,547<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentFinStmtErrorCorrectionFlag', window );">Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag]</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AuditorName', window );">Auditor Name</a></td>
<td class="text">Marcum LLP<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AuditorLocation', window );">Auditor Location</a></td>
<td class="text">Melville, NY<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AuditorFirmId', window );">Auditor Firm ID</a></td>
<td class="text">688<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AuditorFirmId">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>PCAOB issued Audit Firm Identifier</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 10-K<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 310<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 20-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 220<br> -Subsection f<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 40-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 240<br> -Subsection f<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AuditorFirmId</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:nonemptySequenceNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AuditorLocation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 10-K<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 310<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 20-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 220<br> -Subsection f<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 40-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 240<br> -Subsection f<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AuditorLocation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:internationalNameItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AuditorName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 10-K<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 310<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 20-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 220<br> -Subsection f<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 40-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 240<br> -Subsection f<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AuditorName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:internationalNameItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gMonthDayItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentAnnualReport">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as an annual report.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 10-K<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 310<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 20-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 220<br> -Subsection f<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 40-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 240<br> -Subsection f<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentAnnualReport</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentFinStmtErrorCorrectionFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicates whether any of the financial statement period in the filing include a restatement due to error correction.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation S-K<br> -Number 229<br> -Section 402<br> -Subsection w<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 10-K<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 310<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 20-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 220<br> -Subsection f<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 40-F<br> -Number 249<br> -Section 240<br> -Subsection f<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentFinStmtErrorCorrectionFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fiscal period values are FY, Q1, Q2, and Q3.  1st, 2nd and 3rd quarter 10-Q or 10-QT statements have value Q1, Q2, and Q3 respectively, with 10-K, 10-KT or other fiscal year statements having FY.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fiscalPeriodItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This is focus fiscal year of the document report in YYYY format. For a 2006 annual report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, fiscal 2006 should be given as the fiscal year focus. Example: 2006.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gYearItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentTransitionReport">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as a transition report.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Forms 10-K, 10-Q, 20-F<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13<br> -Subsection a-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentTransitionReport</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate number of shares or other units outstanding of each of registrant's classes of capital or common stock or other ownership interests, if and as stated on cover of related periodic report. Where multiple classes or units exist define each class/interest by adding class of stock items such as Common Class A [Member], Common Class B [Member] or Partnership Interest [Member] onto the Instrument [Domain] of the Entity Listings, Instrument.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' whether registrants (1) have filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that registrants were required to file such reports), and (2) have been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFilerCategory">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate whether the registrant is one of the following: Large Accelerated Filer, Accelerated Filer, Non-accelerated Filer. Definitions of these categories are stated in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFilerCategory</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:filerCategoryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation S-T<br> -Number 232<br> -Section 405<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityPublicFloat">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityPublicFloat</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityShellCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the registrant is a shell company as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityShellCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntitySmallBusiness">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicates that the company is a Smaller Reporting Company (SRC).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntitySmallBusiness</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Is used on Form Type: 10-K, 10-Q, 8-K, 20-F, 6-K, 10-K/A, 10-Q/A, 20-F/A, 6-K/A, N-CSR, N-Q, N-1A.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 405<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
