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6. STOCK OPTIONS AND WARRANTS (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Apr. 30, 2020
Employee stock option activity

A summary of the Company’s stock option activity and related information for the two years ended April 30, 2020 are shown below:

 

    Options     Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
    Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
per Share
 
                   
Outstanding, April 30, 2018     95,250,000     $ 0.11     $ 0.11  
Issued     12,200,000       0.05       0.05  
Forfeited                  
Exercised                  
Outstanding, April 30, 2019     107,450,000       0.11       0.11  
Issued     12,200,000       0.04       0.04  
Forfeited     (52,450,000 )     0.15       0.14  
Exercised                  
Outstanding, April 30, 2020     67,200,000     $ 0.06     $ 0.06  
Exercisable, April 30, 2020     61,000,000     $ 0.07     $  
Vested and expected to vest     67,200,000     $ 0.06     $  
Unvested employee stock option activity

A summary of the activity for unvested stock options during the years ended April 30, 2020 and 2019 is as follows:

 

    Options     Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
per Share
 
             
Unvested, April 30, 2018     7,200,000     $  
Granted     12,200,000       0.05  
Vested     (13,200,000 )      
Forfeited            
Unvested, April 30, 2019     6,200,000        
Granted     12,200,000       0.04  
Vested     (12,200,000 )      
Forfeited            
Unvested, April 30, 2020     6,200,000     $ 0.05  
Range of outstanding stock options

The following table summarizes ranges of outstanding stock options by exercise price at April 30, 2020:

 

Exercise Price     Number of
Options
Outstanding
    Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual Life
(years) of
Outstanding
Options
    Weighted
Average
Exercisable
Price
    Number of
Options
Exercisable
    Weighted Average
Exercise Price
of Exercisable
Options
 
$ 0.063       15,600,000       0.40     $ 0.063       15,600,000     $ 0.063  
$ 0.104       10,450,000       1.20     $ 0.104       10,450,000     $ 0.104  
$ 0.0685       600,000       1.00     $ 0.0685       600,000     $ 0.0685  
$ 0.058       2,450,000       1.62     $ 0.058       2,450,000     $ 0.058  
$ 0.0734       1,200,000       2.00     $ 0.0734       1,200,000     $ 0.0734  
$ 0.0729       1,800,000       2.19     $ 0.0729       1,800,000     $ 0.0729  
$ 0.089       1,200,000       2.22     $ 0.089       1,200,000     $ 0.089  
$ 0.0553       500,000       1.22     $ 0.0553       500,000     $ 0.0553  
$ 0.0558       9,000,000       1.60     $ 0.0558       9,000,000     $ 0.0558  
$ 0.0534       1,200,000       3.35     $ 0.0534       1,200,000     $ 0.0534  
$ 0.0539       1,000,000       1.50     $ 0.0539       1,000,000     $ 0.0539  
$ 0.0683       500,000       1.58     $ 0.0683       500,000     $ 0.0683  
$ 0.0649       500,000       1.72     $ 0.0649       500,000     $ 0.0649  
$ 0.0495       9,000,000       2.33     $ 0.0495       9,000,000     $ 0.0495  
$ 0.0380       1,200,000       4.40     $ 0.0380       1,000,000     $ 0.0380  
$ 0.0404       1,000,000       2.00     $ 0.0404       1,000,000     $ 0.0404  
$ 0.0370       500,000       2.09     $ 0.0370       500,000     $ 0.0370  
$ 0.0340       500,000       2.22     $ 0.0340       500,000     $ 0.0340  
$ 0.0408       9,000,000       2.81     $ 0.0408       3,000,000     $ 0.0408  
  Total       67,200,000       1.61     $ 0.06       61,000,000     $ 0.07  
Warrant activity

A summary of the Company’s warrant activity and related information for the two years ended April 30, 2020 are shown below:

 

    Warrants     Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
 
Outstanding, April 30, 2018     33,993,104     $ 0.10  
Issued     8,084,693        
Expired            
Outstanding, April 30, 2019     42,077,797       0.09  
Issued     16,666,666        
Expired     (10,854,308 )      
Outstanding, April 30, 2020     47,890,155        
Exercisable, April 30, 2020     47,890,155     $ 0.05  
Schedule of warrants outstanding and exercisable

The following table summarizes additional information concerning warrants outstanding and exercisable at April 30, 2020:

 

Exercise Prices   Number of
Warrant Shares
Exercisable at
April 30, 2020
    Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life
    Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
 
                   
$0.12     17,000,000       0.69          
$0.065     769,231       1.64          
$0.0575     869,565       1.93          
$0.03     2,500,000       2.58          
$0.026     1,923,077       3.16          
$0.025     2,000,000       2.24          
$0.018     1,388,889       3.08          
$0.011     2,272,727       3.51          
$0.01     5,000,000       4.42          
$0.015     833,333       4.98          
$0.009     3,333,333       4.17          
$0.005     10,000,000       4.67          
      47,890,155       2.73     $ 0.05  
Employee Options [Member]  
Assumptions

The fair value of the Employee Options at the date of grant was estimated using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model, based on the following weighted average assumptions:

 

    Years Ended April 30,  
    2020     2019  
Risk-free interest rate     1.8%       2.0%  
Expected volatility     91%       97%  
Expected lives (years)     2.7       2.7  
Expected dividend yield     0.00%       0.00%  
Non-Employee Options [Member]  
Assumptions

The fair value of the Non-Employee Options was estimated using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing model, based on the following weighted average assumptions:

 

    Years Ended April 30,  
    2020     2019  
Risk-free interest rate     1.6%       2.5%  
Expected volatility     90%       98%  
Expected lives (years)     5.0       5.0  
Expected dividend yield     0.00%       0.00%