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Leases
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2025
Leases [Abstract]  
Leases Leases
The Company has entered into leases for commercial office spaces and vehicles. These leases are not unilaterally cancellable by the Company, are legally enforceable, and specify fixed or minimum amounts. The leases expire at various dates through 2031 and provide for renewal options. In the normal course of business, it is expected that these leases will be renewed or replaced by leases on other properties.
The leases provide for increases in future minimum annual rental payments based on defined increases in the Consumer Price Index, subject to certain minimum increases. Also, the agreements generally require the Company to pay real estate taxes, insurance, and repairs.

Supplemental unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet information related to leases is as follows:
ClassificationMarch 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Operating lease assetsRight-of-use operating lease assets$4,359,362 4,493,360 
Finance lease assetsProperty, plant and equipment, net2,771 6,890 
Total lease assets$4,362,133 $4,500,250 
Operating lease liabilities - currentOperating lease liabilities - current$931,128 914,800 
Operating lease liabilities - noncurrentOperating lease liabilities - noncurrent4,109,738 4,254,173 
Finance lease liabilities - currentOther liabilities - current7,235 6,969 
Finance lease liabilities - noncurrentOther long-term liabilities — 1,519 
Total lease liabilities$5,048,101 $5,177,461 

The components of lease expense are as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended March 31,
Classification20252024
Operating lease expenseSelling, general and administrative $233,986 $228,633 
Finance lease expense: 
Amortization of finance lease assetsSelling, general and administrative1,406 1,472 
Interest on finance lease liabilitiesInterest (expense) income, net203 361 
Total lease expense$235,595 $230,466 

Operating LeaseFinance Lease
Maturities of lease liabilities are as follows:March 31, 2025March 31, 2025
2025$725,880 $5,843 
2026981,717 1,805 
2027987,955 — 
2028937,727 — 
2029925,564 — 
Thereafter1,935,262 — 
Total lease payments6,494,105 7,648 
Less: interest(1,453,239)(413)
Total lease obligations$5,040,866 $7,235 
Lease term and discount rate:
March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Weighted-average remaining lease terms (in years):
Operating lease6.56.7
Finance lease1.01.3
Weighted-average discount rate:
Operating lease7.8%7.8%
Finance lease7.8%7.8%
Other Information:
Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended March 31,
20252024
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows - operating leases$111,059 $126,178 
Operating cash flows - finance leases$— $1,805 
Financing cash flows - finance leases$2,855 $2,888 
Leased assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities$5,723 $11,423 
Leased assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities$— $— 
Sublease
In April 2022, the Company entered into a sublease agreement with certain local San Diego companies to sublease a portion of the Company's 8,000 square foot expansion. The term of the sublease is six months to seven years with fixed base rental income ranging from $2,250 to $14,500 per month. The sublease has no option for renewal or extension at the end of the sublease term.
Sublease income are as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended March 31,
Classification20252024
Sublease lease incomeOther, net$104,942 $100,802 
Lessor
In February 2022, the Company entered into a 10 year master services agreement ("MSA") with a certain school district for FaaS to electrify their school bus fleet. A statement of work (“SOW”) for engineering, procurement and construction ("EPC") was also executed in conjunction with the MSA. As part of this SOW, the Company will provide electric vehicle supply equipment ("EVSE") and related warranties, infrastructure engineering and construction, installation of EVSE, and subscription services to Nuvve’s V2G GIVe platform. The MSA has both lease and non-lease components. The lease component is the EVSE and non-lease components are the EPCs. The Company accounted for the lease components as a sale-type lease with the investment in lease of $100,588 and $101,415 at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
Lease income are as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended March 31,
Classification20252024
Lease incomeProducts and services $827 $1,138 
Interest incomeProducts and services 3,931 4,115 
Total lease income$4,758 $5,253 
Leases Leases
The Company has entered into leases for commercial office spaces and vehicles. These leases are not unilaterally cancellable by the Company, are legally enforceable, and specify fixed or minimum amounts. The leases expire at various dates through 2031 and provide for renewal options. In the normal course of business, it is expected that these leases will be renewed or replaced by leases on other properties.
The leases provide for increases in future minimum annual rental payments based on defined increases in the Consumer Price Index, subject to certain minimum increases. Also, the agreements generally require the Company to pay real estate taxes, insurance, and repairs.

Supplemental unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet information related to leases is as follows:
ClassificationMarch 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Operating lease assetsRight-of-use operating lease assets$4,359,362 4,493,360 
Finance lease assetsProperty, plant and equipment, net2,771 6,890 
Total lease assets$4,362,133 $4,500,250 
Operating lease liabilities - currentOperating lease liabilities - current$931,128 914,800 
Operating lease liabilities - noncurrentOperating lease liabilities - noncurrent4,109,738 4,254,173 
Finance lease liabilities - currentOther liabilities - current7,235 6,969 
Finance lease liabilities - noncurrentOther long-term liabilities — 1,519 
Total lease liabilities$5,048,101 $5,177,461 

The components of lease expense are as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended March 31,
Classification20252024
Operating lease expenseSelling, general and administrative $233,986 $228,633 
Finance lease expense: 
Amortization of finance lease assetsSelling, general and administrative1,406 1,472 
Interest on finance lease liabilitiesInterest (expense) income, net203 361 
Total lease expense$235,595 $230,466 

Operating LeaseFinance Lease
Maturities of lease liabilities are as follows:March 31, 2025March 31, 2025
2025$725,880 $5,843 
2026981,717 1,805 
2027987,955 — 
2028937,727 — 
2029925,564 — 
Thereafter1,935,262 — 
Total lease payments6,494,105 7,648 
Less: interest(1,453,239)(413)
Total lease obligations$5,040,866 $7,235 
Lease term and discount rate:
March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Weighted-average remaining lease terms (in years):
Operating lease6.56.7
Finance lease1.01.3
Weighted-average discount rate:
Operating lease7.8%7.8%
Finance lease7.8%7.8%
Other Information:
Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended March 31,
20252024
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Operating cash flows - operating leases$111,059 $126,178 
Operating cash flows - finance leases$— $1,805 
Financing cash flows - finance leases$2,855 $2,888 
Leased assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities$5,723 $11,423 
Leased assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities$— $— 
Sublease
In April 2022, the Company entered into a sublease agreement with certain local San Diego companies to sublease a portion of the Company's 8,000 square foot expansion. The term of the sublease is six months to seven years with fixed base rental income ranging from $2,250 to $14,500 per month. The sublease has no option for renewal or extension at the end of the sublease term.
Sublease income are as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended March 31,
Classification20252024
Sublease lease incomeOther, net$104,942 $100,802 
Lessor
In February 2022, the Company entered into a 10 year master services agreement ("MSA") with a certain school district for FaaS to electrify their school bus fleet. A statement of work (“SOW”) for engineering, procurement and construction ("EPC") was also executed in conjunction with the MSA. As part of this SOW, the Company will provide electric vehicle supply equipment ("EVSE") and related warranties, infrastructure engineering and construction, installation of EVSE, and subscription services to Nuvve’s V2G GIVe platform. The MSA has both lease and non-lease components. The lease component is the EVSE and non-lease components are the EPCs. The Company accounted for the lease components as a sale-type lease with the investment in lease of $100,588 and $101,415 at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
Lease income are as follows:
Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended March 31,
Classification20252024
Lease incomeProducts and services $827 $1,138 
Interest incomeProducts and services 3,931 4,115 
Total lease income$4,758 $5,253