<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001493152-18-016175.txt : 20181114
<SEC-HEADER>0001493152-18-016175.hdr.sgml : 20181114
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20181114165729
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001493152-18-016175
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	6-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		100
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20180630
FILED AS OF DATE:		20181114
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20181114

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			Taoping Inc.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001552670
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	SERVICES-PREPACKAGED SOFTWARE [7372]
		IRS NUMBER:				000000000
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			D8
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		6-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-35722
		FILM NUMBER:		181184860

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		21ST FLOOR, EVERBRIGHT BANK BUILDING
		STREET 2:		ZHUZILIN, FUTIAN DISTRICT
		CITY:			SHENZHEN, GUANGDONG
		STATE:			F4
		ZIP:			518040
		BUSINESS PHONE:		(86) 755-8370-8333

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		21ST FLOOR, EVERBRIGHT BANK BUILDING
		STREET 2:		ZHUZILIN, FUTIAN DISTRICT
		CITY:			SHENZHEN, GUANGDONG
		STATE:			F4
		ZIP:			518040

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	China Information Technology, Inc.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20120620
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>6-K
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>form6-k.htm
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><B>UNITED
STATES </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><B>SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 12pt"><B>WASHINGTON,
D.C. 20549</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><B>FORM
6-K</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>REPORT
OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>PURSUANT
TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16 OF THE </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
the month of <B><U>November 2018</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Commission
File Number <B><U>001-35722</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><B><U>TAOPING
INC.</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Translation
of registrant&rsquo;s name into English)</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>21<SUP>st
</SUP>Floor, Everbright Bank Building</B><BR>
<B>Zhuzilin, Futian District</B><BR>
<B>Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518040</B><BR>
<B><U>People&rsquo;s Republic of China</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Address
of principal executive offices)</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F: Form 20-F [X] Form
40-F [&nbsp;&nbsp;]</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1): [&nbsp;&nbsp;]</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Indicate
by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7): [&nbsp;&nbsp;]</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>EXPLANATORY
NOTE</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Taoping
Inc. (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;) is furnishing this Form 6-K to provide six-month interim financial statements and incorporate
such financial statements into the Company&rsquo;s registration statements referenced below.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 27.3pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
Form 6-K is hereby incorporated by reference into the registration statements of the Company on Form S-8 (Registration Numbers
333-197840 and 333-211363) and on Form F-3 (Registration Number 333-196755) to the extent not superseded by documents or reports
subsequently filed or furnished by the Company under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, as amended.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-indent: 29.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>FORWARD-LOOKING
INFORMATION</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
Report on Form 6-K contains forward-looking statements and information relating to us that are based on the current beliefs, expectations,
assumptions, estimates and projections of our management regarding our company and industry. When used in this report, the words
&ldquo;may&rdquo;, &ldquo;will&rdquo;, &ldquo;anticipate&rdquo;, &ldquo;believe&rdquo;, &ldquo;estimate&rdquo;, &ldquo;expect&rdquo;,
&ldquo;intend&rdquo;, &ldquo;plan&rdquo; and similar expressions, as they relate to us or our management, are intended to identify
forward-looking statements. These statements reflect management&rsquo;s current view of us concerning future events and are subject
to certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions, including among many others: our potential inability to achieve or sustain profitability
or reasonably predict our future results due to our limited operating history of selling our cloud-based products and services,
our independent registered auditors&rsquo; substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern, unfavorable economic
conditions that may affect the level of technology and Out-of-Home advertising spending by our customers, the emergence of additional
competing technologies, changes in domestic and foreign laws, regulations and taxes, uncertainties related to China&rsquo;s legal
system and economic, political and social events in China, the volatility of the securities markets, and other risks and uncertainties
which are generally set forth under the heading, &ldquo;Key information - Risk Factors&rdquo; and elsewhere in our Annual Report
on Form 20-F filed on March 30, 2018 (the &ldquo;Annual Report&rdquo;). Should any of these risks or uncertainties materialize,
or should the underlying assumptions about our business and the commercial markets in which we operate prove incorrect, actual
results may vary materially from those described as anticipated, estimated or expected in the Annual Report.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">All
forward-looking statements included herein attributable to us or other parties or any person acting on our behalf are expressly
qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referred to in this section. Except to the extent required
by applicable laws and regulations, we undertake no obligations to update these forward-looking statements to reflect events or
circumstances after the date of this report or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Exhibit
    Number</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.1in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Description</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">99.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="ex99-1.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements as of June 30, 2018 and for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">99.2</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="ex99-2.htm">Operating and Financial Review and Prospects in Connection with the Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018</A></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">101.INS</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">XBRL
    Instance Document</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">101.SCH</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">XBRL
    Taxonomy Extension Schema Document</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">101.CAL</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">XBRL
    Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">101.DEF</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">XBRL
    Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">101.LAB</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">XBRL
    Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">101.PRE</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">XBRL
    Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>SIGNATURES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf
by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date:
    November 14, 2018</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>TAOPING
    INC. </B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 46%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>/s/
Jianghuai Lin</I></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Jianghuai
    Lin</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Chief
    Executive Officer</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 100%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>EXHIBIT
INDEX</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Exhibit
    Number</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.1in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Description</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">99.1</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="ex99-1.htm"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements as of June 30, 2018 and for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">99.2</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="ex99-2.htm">Operating and Financial Review and Prospects in Connection with the Interim Consolidated Financial Statements for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2018</A></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">101.INS</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">XBRL
    Instance Document</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">101.SCH</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">XBRL
    Taxonomy Extension Schema Document</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">101.CAL</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">XBRL
    Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">101.DEF</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">XBRL
    Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">101.LAB</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">XBRL
    Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">101.PRE</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">XBRL
    Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<TYPE>EX-99.1
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>ex99-1.htm
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<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>TAOPING
INC.</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>(F/K/A
CHINA INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INC.)</U></B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><BR></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>UNAUDITED
</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>AS
OF JUNE 30, 2018</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>IN
U.S. DOLLARS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>INDEX</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Contents</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.1in">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; width: 0.5in; text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Page(s)</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#a_001">Consolidated
    Balance Sheets</A> </TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-2
    </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#a_002"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Consolidated
    Statements of Operations</FONT></A></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-3
    </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#a_003"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Consolidated
    Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)</FONT></A></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-4
    </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#a_004"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Consolidated
    Statements of Changes in Equity</FONT></A></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-5
    </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#a_005"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Consolidated
    Statements of Cash Flows</FONT></A></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-6
    </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#a_006"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Notes
    to Consolidated Financial Statements</FONT></A></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">F-
7</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>TAOPING
                                         INC.</B></FONT></P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(F/K/A
        CHINA INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INC.)</B></FONT></P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A NAME="a_001"></A><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>CONSOLIDATED
    BALANCE SHEETS</B></FONT></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>JUNE
    30, 2018 AND DECEMBER 31, 2017</B></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December
    31,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>NOTES</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">ASSETS</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">CURRENT
    ASSETS</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 52%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cash
    and cash equivalents</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,043,874</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,260,808</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accounts
    receivable, net</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2(e)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6,923,695</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,267,752</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accounts
    receivable-related parties</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2(e)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,389,359</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,872,743</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Advances
    to suppliers</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,466,418</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,630,980</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Inventories,
    net</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">596,783</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">631,610</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other
    current assets</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,491,117</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,854,792</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">TOTAL
    CURRENT ASSETS</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">22,911,246</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">21,518,685</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property,
    plant and equipment, net</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">11,291,285</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">11,830,698</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Intangible
    assets, net</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">9</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">380,915</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">808,707</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Long-term
    investments</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">45,314</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">46,094</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other
    non-current assets</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,269,967</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,326,319</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">TOTAL
    ASSETS</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">37,898,727</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">37,530,503</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">LIABILITIES
    AND EQUITY</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">CURRENT
    LIABILITIES</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Short-term
    bank loans</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">10</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,280,369</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,817,610</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accounts
    payable</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,753,651</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6,844,440</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Advances
    from customers</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">317,002</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">281,772</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Advances
    from customers-related parties</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">47,018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,008,426</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Amounts
    due to related parties</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">71,293</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,183,090</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accrued
    payroll and benefits</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">319,261</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">290,841</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other
    payables and accrued expenses</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">14</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,242,749</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,038,417</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income
    tax payable</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">284,116</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,548,415</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">TOTAL
    LIABILITIES</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">21,315,459</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23,013,011</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">EQUITY</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ordinary shares,
    par $0.00; authorized 100,000,000 shares; shares issued and outstanding, June 30, 2018:40,760,163 shares; December 31, 2017:
    40,231,159 shares;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">16</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">124,646,996</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">123,950,544</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Additional
    paid-in capital</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">16</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">15,454,288</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">15,814,328</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Reserve</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">15</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">13,812,095</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">13,812,095</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accumulated
    deficit</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(170,390,549</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(172,395,246</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accumulated
    other comprehensive income</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23,754,044</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">24,201,766</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    equity of the Company</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,276,874</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,383,487</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Non-controlling
    interest</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">9,306,394</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">9,134,005</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    Equity</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">16,583,268</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">14,517,492</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">TOTAL
    LIABILITIES AND EQUITY</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">37,898,727</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">37,530,503</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>TAOPING
INC. </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(F/K/A
CHINA INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INC.)</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><BR>
<A NAME="a_002"></A><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS</B></FONT><BR>
<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2018 AND 2017</B></FONT></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Six
    Months</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Six
    Months</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ended</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ended</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">NOTES</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30, 2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30, 2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 52%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenue
    &ndash; Products</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,468,355</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,124,904</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenue
    &ndash; Products-related parties</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6(a)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6,755,247</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">994,446</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenue
    &ndash; Software</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,333,693</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,293,252</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenue
    &ndash; Software- related parties</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">47,105</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenue
    &ndash; System integration</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6,652</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenue
    &ndash; Others</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">716,932</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">312,810</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenue
    &ndash; Others-related parties</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6(b)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">42,701</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">TOTAL
    REVENUE</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">11,364,033</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,732,064</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cost
    &ndash; Products</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,616,492</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,198,247</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cost
    &ndash; Software</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">286,234</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">83,888</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cost
    &ndash; System integration</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">194,612</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12,658</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cost
    &ndash; Others</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">789</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,827</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">TOTAL
    COST </FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6,098,127</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,298,620</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">GROSS
    PROFIT</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,265,906</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,433,444</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Administrative
    expenses</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,780,694</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,269,973</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Research
    and development expenses</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,484,574</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,943,445</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Selling
    expenses</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">198,500</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">580,476</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">INCOME(LOSS)
    FROM OPERATIONS</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">802,138</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,360,450</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Subsidy
    income</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">333,660</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">306,658</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other
    income (loss), net</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(6,033</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">238,080</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Interest
    income</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,218</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6,065</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Interest
    expense</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(244,455</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(225,140</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Change
    in fair value of warrant liability</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">13</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,720</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income
    (loss) before income taxes</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">886,528</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,031,067</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income
    tax benefit</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">11</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,286,388</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,045,500</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">NET
    INCOME</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,172,916</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">14,433</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Less:
    Net (income) loss attributable to the non-controlling interest</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(168,219</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">20,264</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">NET
    INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE COMPANY</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,004,697</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">34,697</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Earnings
    per share - Basic and Diluted</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Basic</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.05</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.00</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Diluted</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.05</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.00</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">NET
    EARNINGS PER SHARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE COMPANY</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Basic</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.05</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.00</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Diluted</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.05</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.00</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>TAOPING
INC. </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(F/K/A
CHINA INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INC.)</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><BR>
<A NAME="a_003"></A><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)</B></FONT><BR>
<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2018 AND 2017</B></FONT></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Six
    Months</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Six
    Months</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ended</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ended</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30, 2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30, 2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 60%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net
    income</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 16%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,172,916</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 16%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">14,433</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other
    comprehensive income (loss):</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Foreign
    currency translation gain (loss)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(443,552</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(106,797</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Comprehensive
    gain (loss)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,729,364</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(92,364</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Comprehensive
    (income) loss attributable to the non- controlling interest</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(172,389</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">36,267</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Comprehensive
    income (loss) attributable to the Company</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,556,975</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(56,097</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>TAOPING
INC. </B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><BR>
<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>(F/K/A CHINA INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INC.)</B></FONT><BR>
<A NAME="a_004"></A><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY</B></FONT><BR>
<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2018</B></FONT></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Accumulated</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Additional</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">other</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Non</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Ordinary
    shares</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Paid-in</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Accumulated</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">comprehensive</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">controlling</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Shares</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Amount</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Capital</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Reserve</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">deficit</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">income</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">interest</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Total</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 28%; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">BALANCE
    AS AT DECEMBER 31, 2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">40,231,159</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">123,950,544</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">15,814,328</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">13,812,095</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">(172,395,246</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">24,201,766</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">9,134,005</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">14,517,492</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Common
    stock issued for exercise of the stock options for consulting services</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">50,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">70,268</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">(23,768</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">46,500</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Issued
    common stock for exercise of employee options</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">479,004</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">626,184</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">(626,184</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Net
    income for the year</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">2,004,697</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">168,219</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">2,172,916</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">Foreign
    currency translation loss</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">(447,722</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">4,170</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">(443,552</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;Stock
    based compensation (Note 16)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">289,912</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">289,912</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">BALANCE
    AS AT JUNE 30,2018 (unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">40,760,163</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">124,646,996</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">15,454,288</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">13,812,095</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">(170,390,549</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">23,754,044</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">9,306,394</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">16,583,268</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 8pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>TAOPING
INC.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>(F/K/A
CHINA INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, INC.)</B></FONT><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><BR>
<A NAME="a_005"></A><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS</B></FONT><BR>
<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2018 AND 2017</B></FONT></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Six
    Months</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Six
    Months</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ended</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ended</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30, 2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30, 2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">OPERATING
    ACTIVITIES</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 60%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net
    income</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 16%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,172,916</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 16%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">14,433</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Adjustments
    to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities::</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Reversal
    of) provision for losses on accounts receivable and other current assets</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(94,852</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">151,784</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Provision
    for obsolete inventories</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">32,526</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">164,783</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Depreciation</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,508,141</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">920,710</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Amortization
    of intangible assets</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">430,462</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">406,711</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Loss
    (Gain) on sale of property and equipment</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,402</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(436</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Loss
    on disposal of inventories</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">103,965</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Stock-based
    payments for consulting services</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">22,357</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Stock-based
    compensation</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">289,912</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">247,098</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Change
    in fair value of warrants liability</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(3,720</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Changes
    in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of business acquisitions and dispositions:</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accounts
    receivable</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,766,056</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,825,534</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accounts
    receivable from related party and its affiliates</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2,701,918</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Inventories</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(40,053</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(521,544</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other
    receivables and prepaid expenses</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,250,035</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,832,397</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Advances
    to suppliers</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">200,066</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(716,846</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other
    payables and accrued expenses</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">302,020</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(878,520</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Advances
    from customers</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">41,586</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">806,613</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Advances
    from customers from related party and its affiliates</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(981,656</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Amounts
    due to related parties</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,134,913</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accounts
    payable</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,381,380</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">303,534</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income
    tax payable</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,287,011</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,045,500</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net
    cash provided (used) in operating activities</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">629,344</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(40,072</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">INVESTING
    ACTIVITIES</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Proceeds
    from sale of property and equipment</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">598</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">436</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Purchases
    of property and equipment</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(400,551</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(244,906</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net
    cash used in investing activities</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(399,953</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(244,470</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">FINANCING
    ACTIVITIES</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Borrowings
    under short-term loans</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,099,113</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,018,063</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Proceeds
    from issuance of ordinary shares in connection with cash exercise of stock options</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">46,527</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Repayment
    of short-term loans</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,519,917</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2,200,762</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net
    cash used in financing activities</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(374,277</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,182,699</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Effect
    of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(72,048</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">42,731</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">NET
    DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(216,934</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,424,510</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">CASH
    AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,260,808</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,752,375</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">CASH
    AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, ENDING</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,043,874</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,327,865</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Supplemental
    disclosure of cash flow information:</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cash
    paid during the year</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income
    taxes</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">623</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-left: 10pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Interest</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">244,455</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">225,140</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A NAME="a_006"></A><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Supplemental
disclosure of significant non-cash transactions:</B></FONT></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$723,844
in purchase of software by increase in accounts payable for the first six months of 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Issuance
of 479,004 ordinary shares in an amount of $626,184 during the six months of 2018, as a result of the cashless exercise of share
options granted to the Company&rsquo;s employees under its 2016 Equity Incentive Plan.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>1.
ORGANIZATION, PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES AND MANAGEMENT&rsquo;S PLANS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Taoping
Inc. (f/k/a China Information Technology, Inc.), together with its subsidiaries (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo; or &ldquo;TAOP&rdquo;),
is a leading provider of cloud-app technologies for Smart City IoT platforms, digital advertising delivery, and other internet-based
information distribution systems in China. Our Internet ecosystem enables all participants of the new media community to efficiently
promote branding, disseminate information, and exchange resources. In addition, we provide a broad portfolio of software, hardware
with fully integrated solutions, including Information Technology infrastructure, Internet-enabled display technologies, and IoT
platforms to customers in government, education, residential community management, media, transportation, and other private sectors.
In May 2018, we changed our corporate name from &ldquo;China Information Technology Inc.&rdquo; to &ldquo;Taoping Inc.), to more
accurately reflect our current business operations in the new media and IoT industries. As listed in the table below, these services
are provided through the Company&rsquo;s wholly-owned PRC subsidiaries, Information Security Technology International Co., Ltd.
(&ldquo;IST&rdquo;), TopCloud Software Co., Ltd., (&ldquo;TopCloud &ldquo;), and Information Security IoT Tech. Co., Ltd. (&ldquo;ISIOT
), and through the Company&rsquo;s variable interest entity (&ldquo;VIE&rdquo;), iASPEC Geo Information Technology Co., Ltd. (&ldquo;iASPEC&rdquo;),
and its subsidiaries, iASPEC Bocom IoT Technology Co. Ltd. (&ldquo;Bocom&rdquo;), Shenzhen Taoping Internet Tech. Co., Ltd. (&ldquo;Taoping&rdquo;),
and Shenzhen Biznest Internet Tech. Co., Ltd. (&ldquo;Biznest&rdquo;), and the Company&rsquo;s wholly-owned Hong Kong subsidiaries
Information Security Tech. International Co. Ltd. (&ldquo;IST HK&rdquo;), and HPC Electronics (China) Co., Limited (&ldquo;HPC
&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December
    31,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December
    31,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Subsidiaries/</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2016</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Entities</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">VIE</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%
    owned</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%
    owned</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%
    owned</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Location</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">China
    Information Technology, Inc (CNIT)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">British
    Virgin Islands</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 28%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">China
    Information Technology Holdings Limited (CITH)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Subsidiary</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 13%; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">British
    Virgin Islands</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Information
    Security Tech. International Co., Ltd. (ISTIL)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Subsidiary</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Hong
    Kong, China</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Information
    Security Tech. (China) Co., Ltd. (IST)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Subsidiary</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shenzhen,
    China</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">TopCloud
    Software (China) Co., Ltd. (TopCloud)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Subsidiary</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shenzhen,
    China</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Information
    Security IoT Tech. Co., Ltd. (ISIOT)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Subsidiary</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shenzhen,
    China</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">iASPEC
    Technology Group Co., Ltd. (iASPEC)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">VIE</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shenzhen,
    China</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Biznest
    Internet Tech. Co., Ltd. (Biznest)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">VIE</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shenzhen,
    China</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shenzhen
    Taoping Internet Tech. Co., Ltd. (Taoping)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">VIE</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shenzhen,
    China</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">iASPEC
    Bocom IoT Tech. Co., Ltd. (Bocom)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">VIE</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shenzhen,
    China</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Strategic
Shift and Business Transformation</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
early 2013, the Company made a strategic decision to transform its business from servicing the public sector to focusing on the
private sector. Leveraging the experience and expertise in handling large-scale IT projects for the public sector, the Company
started investing in research and development to develop software products for the private sector. In 2014, continuing business
transformation, the Company identified four core markets and provided cloud-based ecosystem solutions to new media, healthcare,
education, and residential community management. In 2014, the Company predominately sold its cloud-based solutions to the Chinese
new media industry. Starting from 2015, the Company further expanded the customer base of cloud-based solutions to education,
government and residential community management. In 2016, the Company grew its industry-specific integrated technology platform,
resource exchange, and big data services to elevator IoT application for residential community customers. From May 2017, the Company
has focused its business to provide products and services in Cloud-App-Terminal (CAT) and Internet of Things (IoT) technology
based digital advertising distribution network and new media resource sharing platform in the Out-of-Home adverting market in
China.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
part of the strategic shift, the company disposed of its equity ownership in Geo and Zhongtian respectively in 2015.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
November 6, 2015, iASPEC entered into an equity transfer agreement with certain individual and institutional purchasers (the &ldquo;Transferees&rdquo;).
Pursuant to the transfer agreement, iASPEC sold all of its equity ownership of Wuda Geoinformatics Co., Ltd. ( &ldquo;Geo&rdquo;),
which constituted 54.89% of the total capital stock of Geo, for an aggregate purchase price of RMB 91.3 million (approximately
$14.7 million) (the &ldquo;Geo Purchase Price&rdquo;). Control of Geo was legally transferred to the Transferees on December 4,
2015. Pursuant to the transfer agreement, the Transferees agreed to pay the Geo Purchase Price in four installments by March 30,
2016, which has been paid in full.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
November 9, 2015, iASPEC entered into an equity transfer agreement with a purchaser (the &ldquo;Transferee&rdquo;). Pursuant to
the transfer agreement, iASPEC sold all of its equity ownership of Shenzhen iASPEC Zhongtian Software Co., Ltd. (&ldquo;Zhongtian&rdquo;),
which constituted 100% of total capital stock of Zhongtian for an aggregate of RMB 30.0 million (approximately $4.8 million) (the
&ldquo;Zhongtian Purchase Price&rdquo;). Control of Zhongtian was legally transferred to the Transferee on November 9, 2015. Pursuant
to the transfer agreement, the Transferee agreed to pay the Zhongtian Purchase Price in three installments by May 31, 2016, which
has been paid in full in 2016.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Disposals
of Geo and Zhongtian represented a strategic shift in the Company&rsquo;s strategy and would have a major effect on the Company&rsquo;s
operations and financial results.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Management
Service Agreement</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">iASPEC
is a VIE of the Company. To comply with PRC laws and regulations that restrict foreign ownership of companies that provide public
security information technology and Geographic Information Systems software operating services to certain government and other
customers, the Company operates the restricted aspect of its business through iASPEC.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the terms of a management service agreement by and among IST, iASPEC and its shareholders, dated July 1, 2007 (&ldquo;MSA&rdquo;),
iASPEC granted IST a ten-year, exclusive, royalty-free, transferable worldwide license to use and install certain iASPEC software,
along with copies of source and object codes relating to such software. In addition, IST licensed back to iASPEC a royalty-free,
limited, non-exclusive license to the software, without right of sub-license, for the sole purpose of permitting iASPEC to carry
out its business as presently conducted. IST has the right to designate two Chinese citizens to serve as senior managers of iASPEC,
to serve as a majority on iASPEC&rsquo;s Board of Directors, and to assist managing the business and operations of iASPEC. In
addition, both iASPEC and IST will require the affirmative vote of a majority of the Company&rsquo;s Board of Directors, including
at least one non-insider director, for certain material actions, as defined, with respect to iASPEC.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Option
Agreement</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
connection with the MSA, on July 1, 2007, IST also entered into an immediately exercisable purchase option agreement (the &ldquo;Option
Agreement&rdquo;) with iASPEC and its shareholders. Pursuant to the Option Agreement, the iASPEC shareholder granted IST or its
designee(s) an exclusive, irrevocable option to purchase, from time to time, all or a part of iASPEC&rsquo;s shares or iASPEC&rsquo;s
assets from the iASPEC shareholder for $1,800,000 in aggregate. The option may not be exercised if the exercise would violate
any applicable laws and regulations in PRC or cause any license or permit held by, and necessary for the operation of iASPEC,
to be cancelled or invalidated. The Option Agreement will terminate on the date that IST exercises its purchase option and acquires
all the shares or assets of iASPEC pursuant to the terms of the Option Agreement. The Option Agreement may be rescinded by IST
upon 30 days&rsquo; notice without costs to terminate. The Option Agreement does not have renewal provisions.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Amended
and Restated MSA</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Amended and Restated MSA was entered into on December 13, 2009, by and among IST, iASPEC and iASPEC&rsquo;s sole shareholder,
Mr. Lin. Pursuant to the Amended and Restated MSA, IST will provide management and consulting services to iASPEC, under the following
terms:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">iASPEC
    agreed that IST will be entitled to receive ninety five percent (95%) of the Net Received Profit, as defined, of iASPEC during
    the term of the Agreement. iASPEC is obligated to calculate and pay the Net Received Profit due to IST no later than the last
    day of the first month following the end of each fiscal quarter. Mr. Lin, agreed to enter into an agreement with IST to pledge
    all of his equity interests in iASPEC as security for his and iASPEC&rsquo;s fulfillment of their respective obligations under
    the MSA, and to register the pledge agreement with the local AIC (Administration for Industry and Commerce). The Amended and
    Restated MSA was executed on December 13, 2009. Based on the advice of the Company&rsquo;s PRC legal counsel, in January 2010
    all the parties to the agreement decided not to enter into a pledge agreement. </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Mr.
    Lin confirmed his status as the sole iASPEC shareholder and his assumption of all of the obligations of the iASPEC shareholder
    under the agreement, including a confirmation of his continuing obligation under a written guaranty, executed by the then
    iASPEC shareholders. </FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Based
    on iASPEC&rsquo;s needs for its development and operation, IST has the right, from time to time, at its sole discretion, to
    provide iASPEC with capital support. </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IST
    agreed that it will not interfere with any business of iASPEC covered by iASPEC&rsquo;s PRC State Secret related Computer
    Information System Integration Certificate, including but not limited to, seeking access to relevant documents regarding such
    business. However, iASPEC agreed that it will cooperate with the requests of the Company as necessary to comply with the Company&rsquo;s
    reporting obligations to the Securities and Exchange Commission. (&ldquo;SEC&rdquo;). </FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Amended and Restated MSA amended certain terms of the original Management Service Agreement which became effective on July 1,
2007 and has a term of 30 years unless otherwise early termination by the parties by one of the following means:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Either
    iASPEC or IST may terminate the Amended and Restated MSA immediately (a) upon the material breach by a party of its obligations
    and the failure of such party to cure such breach within 30 working days after written notice from the non-breaching party;
    or (b) upon the filing of a voluntary or involuntary petition in bankruptcy by a party, or of which the party is the subject
    to insolvency, or the commencement of any proceedings placing the party in a receivership, or of any assignment by a party
    for the benefit of creditors; or </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    Amended and Restated MSA may be terminated at any time by IST upon 90 calendar days&rsquo; written notice delivered to all
    other parties. </FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon
any effective date of any termination of the Amended and Restated MSA: (a) IST will cease providing management services to iASPEC;
(ii) IST will deliver to iASPEC all chops and seals of iASPEC; (iii) IST will deliver to iASPEC all of the financial and other
books and records of iASPEC, including any and all permits, licenses, certificates and other proprietary and operational documents
and instruments; (iv) the senior managers who are recommended by IST and elected as directors of iASPEC will resign from the Board
of Directors of iASPEC in a lawful way; and (v) the software license that iASPEC granted to IST according to the Amended and Restated
MSA will terminate unless otherwise agreed by the parties. In addition, any amounts owing from any party to any other party on
the effective date of any termination under the terms of the Amended and Restated MSA will continue to be due and owing despite
such termination.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Amended and Restated MSA does not have renewal provisions. We expect that the parties to the Amended and Restated MSA will negotiate
to extend the term of the agreement before its expiration.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
substance of the Amended and Restated MSA and the Option Agreement is to:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Allow
    the Company to utilize the business licenses, contacts, permits, and other resources of iASPEC in order for the Company to
    be able to expand its operations and business model; </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Provide
    the Company with effective control over all of iASPEC&rsquo;s operations; and provide the shareholders of iASPEC an opportunity
    to monetize a portion of their investment through the $1.8 million purchase option. </FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Going
Concern and Management&rsquo;s Plans</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
the six months ended June 30, 2018, the Company earned net income of approximately $2.0 million from continuing operations, compared
to $35,000 for the same period of 2017. The Company reported positive cash flows from operations of approximately $0.6 million
for the six months ended June 30, 2018, compared to negative cash flows of $40,000 from operations for the same period of 2017.
As of June 30, 2018, the Company had working capital of $1.6 million, which was a significant improvement over a working capital
deficiency of $1.5 million as of December 31, 2017. The Company had significant accumulated deficit approximately $170.4 million
and $172.4 million as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Continuing
the Company&rsquo;s business transformation from providing IT software, hardware, and system integration services to the public
sectors to offering cloud-based ecosystem solutions to the private sectors, management has developed its 2015 business plan which
continued to be executed into 2018, encompassing six strategies: 1) redirect the Company&rsquo;s resources to selling high-margin
software solutions; 2) reinforce stringent cash collection policies to shorten the Company&rsquo;s days of sales outstanding;
3) streamline the Company&rsquo;s purchase order management process to reduce inventory; 4) control the Company&rsquo;s cost structure;
5) obtain additional government subsidies for developing new and innovative cloud-based software solutions; and 6) reduce the
Company&rsquo;s short-term debt burden. Starting in April 2016, the Company began receiving an annual rental fee of $380,000 from
certain third parties for leasing of its office facility located in Nanshan Industrial Park, Shenzhen. In 2017, the Company has
completed its transformation to a leading products and services provider of CAT and IoT technology based digital advertising distribution
network and new media resource sharing platform in the Out-of-Home Advertising Market in China. In 2017, the Company has become
profitable as a result of a successful transition of the Company&rsquo;s business model. In the first half of 2018, the Company
continued to expand the market and significantly increased its revenue and net income to $11.4 million and $2.0 million respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">However,
if one or all of these events do not occur or the Company&rsquo;s business strategies are not successful in addressing its current
financial concerns, substantial doubt exists about the Company&rsquo;s ability to continue as a going concern. The consolidated
financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern and, accordingly, do not include
any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>2.
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>(a)
Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2018 and for the six month periods ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 are unaudited.
The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared by the Company in accordance with accounting principles
generally accepted in the United States of America (&ldquo;U.S. GAAP&rdquo;) for interim financial reporting. In the opinion of
management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) have been made that are necessary to present fairly the
financial position, the results of its operations and cash flows. Operating results as presented are not necessarily indicative
of the results to be expected for a full year. These financial statements and related notes should be read in conjunction with
the financial statements and notes thereto included in the Company&rsquo;s Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2017 filed
on March 30, 2018 with the Securities and Exchange Commission.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company, its subsidiaries, and its VIE for which the Company is
the primary beneficiary. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>(b)
Use of Estimates</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires
management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent
assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting
period. The Company&rsquo;s significant estimates include its accounts receivable, warrants liability, fair value of stock options,
valuation allowance of deferred tax assets, and other intangible assets. Management makes these estimates using the best information
available at the time the estimates are made; however actual results could differ from those estimates.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>(c)
Economic and Political Risks</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">All
the Company&rsquo;s revenue-generating operations are conducted in the PRC. Accordingly, the Company&rsquo;s business, financial
condition and results of operations may be influenced by the political, economic and legal environments in the PRC, and by the
general state of the PRC economy. The Company&rsquo;s operations in the PRC are subject to special considerations and significant
risks not typically associated with companies in North America and Western Europe. These include risks associated with, among
others, the political, economic and legal environments and foreign currency exchange. The Company&rsquo;s financial results may
be adversely affected by changes in the political and social conditions in the PRC, and by changes in governmental policies with
respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures, currency conversion, remittances abroad, and rates and methods of
taxation.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>(d)
Cash and Cash Equivalents</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased and cash deposits with financial institutions with original maturities
of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company had no cash equivalents as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company maintains its cash accounts at credit worthy financial institutions and closely monitors the movements of its cash positions.
As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, approximately $3.0 million and $3.2 million of cash, respectively, was held in bank
accounts in the PRC.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>(e)
Accounts Receivable, Accounts Receivable &ndash;related parties, and Concentration of Risk</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accounts
receivable are recognized and carried at invoiced amount less an allowance for any uncollectible accounts, if any. The Company
maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required
payments. The Company reviews the collectability of its receivables on an ongoing basis. After all attempts to collect a receivable
have failed, the receivable is written off against the allowance.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company evaluates the creditworthiness of all of its customers individually before accepting them and continuously monitors the
recoverability of accounts receivable. If there are any indicators that a customer may not make payment, the Company may consider
making provision for non-collectability for that particular customer. At the same time, the Company may cease further sales or
services to such customer. The following are some of the factors that the Company considers in determining whether to discontinue
sales or record an allowance:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 95%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    customer fails to comply with its payment schedule; </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    customer is in serious financial difficulty; </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a
    significant dispute with the customer has occurred regarding job progress or other matters; </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    customer breaches any of the contractual obligations; </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    customer appears to be financially distressed due to economic or legal factors; </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    business between the customer and the Company is not active; and </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">other
    objective evidence indicates non-collectability of the accounts receivable. </FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company considers the following factors when determining whether to permit a longer payment period or provide other concessions
to customers:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 95%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    customer&rsquo;s past payment history; </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    customer&rsquo;s general risk profile, including factors such as the customer&rsquo;s size, age, and public or private status;
    </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">macroeconomic
    conditions that may affect a customer&rsquo;s ability to pay; and </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
    relative importance of the customer relationship to the Company&rsquo;s business. </FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Since
May 2017, the Company entered into a series of contracts with Shenzhen Taoping New Media, Ltd.(&ldquo;Shenzhen Taoping&rdquo;)
and its affiliates for the sale of the Company&rsquo;s Cloud-Application-Terminal based digital ads display terminals, software
and technical services. Shenzhen Taoping is a company controlled by Mr. Lin.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Accounts
receivable as at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 are as follows:</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December
    31,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accounts
    Receivable</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">9,808,594</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,249,457</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Allowance
    for doubtful accounts</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2,884,899</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2,981,705</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accounts
    Receivable &ndash; Net</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6,923,695</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,267,752</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accounts
    Receivable-related parties</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,389,359</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,872,743</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
allowance for doubtful accounts at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, totaled approximately $2.9 million and $3.0 million, respectively,
representing management&rsquo;s best estimate. The following table describes the movements in the allowance for doubtful accounts
during the six month period ended June 30, 2018 and the year ended December 31, 2017:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 78%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance
    at January 1, 2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,625,765</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Increase
    in allowance for doubtful accounts</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">180,305</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Foreign
    exchange difference</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">175,635</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance at
    December 31, 2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,981,705</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Increase
    in allowance for doubtful accounts</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">28,155</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Amounts
    recovered during the period</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(74,446</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Foreign
    exchange difference</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(50,515</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance
    at June 30, 2018 (Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,884,899</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(f)
Advances to Suppliers</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Advances
to suppliers represent cash deposits for the purchase of inventory items from suppliers.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(g)
Advances from Customers and related parties</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Advances
from customers and related parties represent cash received from customers and related parties as advance payments for the purchases
of the Company&rsquo;s products and services.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">h)
Fair Value and Fair Value Measurement of Financial Instruments</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Management
has estimated that the carrying amounts of non-related party financial instruments approximate fair values for all periods presented
due to their short-term maturities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Fair
Value Accounting</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Financial
Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codifications (ASC) 820-10 &ldquo;Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures&rdquo;,
establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy
gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements)
and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). As required by FASB ASC 820-10, assets are classified in
their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels of the fair
value hierarchy under FASB ASC 820-10 are described below:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
    1 </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 90%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unadjusted
    quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;
    </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
    2 </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Quoted
    prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the
    full term of the asset or liability; and </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Level
    3 </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Prices
    or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (supported
    by little or no market activity). </FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following tables present the fair value hierarchy of those assets and liabilities measured at fair value:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Recurring
fair value measurements:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="18" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fair
    Value Measurements Using</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Quoted</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Prices
    in</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Active</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    Gains</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Markets</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Significant</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Losses)
    for</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">for</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Significant</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the
    year</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">As
    of</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Identical</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Observable</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Unobservable</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">ended</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>December
    31,</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Liabilities</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Inputs</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Inputs</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December
    31,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Level
    1)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Level
    2)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Level
    3)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 26%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Warrants
    liability</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,719</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    recurring fair value measurements</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,719</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of December 31, 2017, the Company measured the fair value of its derivative liability related to warrants using a binomial or
lattice model for warrants A. Series A warrants expired on May 27, 2018 without exercise. Series B warrants have been fully exercised
as of December 31, 2016. The following tables reflect the quantitative information about recurring Level 3 fair value measurements:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Series
    A</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Warrants</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December
    31, 2017:</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 78%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Annual
    volatility</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">56.13</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Risk-free
    rate</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.46</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Dividend
    rate</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.00</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Contractual
    term</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">0.4
                                         years </FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Closing price
    of ordinary shares</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.48</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Conversion/exercise
    price</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7.73</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
warrants liability is considered a Level 3 liability on the fair value hierarchy as the determination of fair values includes
various assumptions about future activities, stock price, and historical volatility inputs. Significant unobservable inputs for
the Level 3 warrants liability include (1) the estimated probability of the occurrence of a down round financing during the term
over which the related warrants are exercisable, (2) the estimated magnitude of the down round, and (3) the estimated magnitude
of any net cash fractional share settlement. Significant increases or decreases in any of those inputs in isolation would result
in a significantly different fair value measurement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)
Inventories</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Inventories
are valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the expected selling price in the ordinary course
of business minus any costs of completion, disposal, and transportation to make the sale.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company performs an analysis of slow-moving or obsolete inventory periodically and any necessary valuation reserves, which could
potentially be significant, are included in the period in which the evaluations are completed. Any inventory impairment results
in a new cost basis for accounting purposes.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(j)
Property, plant and equipment</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Property,
plant and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated amortization and depreciation. Amortization and depreciation is provided
over the assets&rsquo; estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method. Estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment
are as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 78%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Office
    buildings</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">20-50
                                         years </FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Plant
    and machinery</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3-20
                                         years </FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Electronics
    equipment, furniture and fixtures</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3-5
                                         years </FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Motor
    vehicles</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5
                                         years </FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Purchased
    software</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3-10
                                         years </FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Maintenance
and repairs costs are expensed as incurred, whereas significant renewals and betterments are capitalized.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(k)
Intangible assets</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Intangible
assets represent technology, and software development costs and trademarks capitalized by the Company&rsquo;s subsidiaries.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Intangible
assets are stated at acquisition fair value or cost less accumulated amortization, and amortized using the straight-line method
over the following estimated useful lives:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 78%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Software
    development costs</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3-5
                                         years </FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Trademarks</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5
                                         years </FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(l)
Goodwill</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ASC
350-30-50, &ldquo;Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets&rdquo;, requires the testing of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible
assets for impairment at least annually. The Company tests goodwill for impairment in the fourth quarter each year or earlier
if an indicator of impairment exists.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
applicable accounting guidance, the goodwill impairment analysis is a two-step test. The first step of the goodwill impairment
test involves comparing the fair value of each reporting unit with its carrying amount including goodwill. If the fair value of
a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is considered not impaired; however, if the carrying
amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the second step must be performed to measure potential impairment.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
second step involves calculating an implied fair value of goodwill for each reporting unit for which the first step indicated
possible impairment. If the implied fair value of goodwill exceeds the goodwill assigned to the reporting unit, there is no impairment.
If the goodwill assigned to a reporting unit exceeds the implied fair value of goodwill, an impairment charge is recorded for
the excess.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(m)
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Long-lived
assets held and used by the Company are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the
carrying amount of assets may not be recoverable. It is reasonably possible that these assets could become impaired as a result
of technology or other industry changes. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is determined by comparing their carrying
amount with their expected future net undiscounted future cash flows from the assets. If such assets are considered to be impaired,
the impairment to be recognized is measured by how much the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the assets. Assets held
for disposal, if any, are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(n)
Derivative liability - Warrants</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is
determined and re-assessed at the end of each reporting period, in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815, &ldquo;Derivatives and
Hedging&rdquo;. This guidance affects the accounting for warrants issued acquiring the Company&rsquo;s ordinary shares that contain
provisions to protect warrant holders from a decline in the stock price, referred to as down-round protection. Down-round provisions
reduce the exercise price of a warrant, if the company either issues equity shares for a price that is lower than the exercise
price of the warrants, or issues convertible instruments with a conversion price per equity share that is less than the exercise
price of the warrants, or issues new warrants or options that have a lower exercise price. For derivative financial instruments
that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair value and is then re-valued
at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value charged to earning or loss. The Company generally uses a binomial or lattice
model and Monte-Carlo simulation to value the warrants at inception and subsequent valuation dates. Derivative instrument liabilities
are classified in the balance sheet as current or non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement of the derivative instrument
could be required within 12 months of the balance sheet date.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(o)
Revenue Recognition</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Beginning
January 1, 2018, the Company has adopted the ASU 2014-09, Topic 606, &ldquo;Revenue from Contracts with Customers&rdquo; and its
related amendments (collectively referred to as &ldquo;FASB ASC 606&rdquo;) for its new revenue recognition accounting policy
that depicts the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the
Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The adoption of the new revenue recognition standard has
no impact on the Company&rsquo;s consolidated financial statements for any periods prior to 2018. Therefore prior period amounts
are not adjusted.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company generates its revenues primarily from four sources: (1) hardware sales, (2) software subscription, (3) software sales,
and (4) system integration. Revenue is recognized when obligations under the terms of a contract with our customers are satisfied;
and generally occurs upon delivery of the goods and services.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Hardware
sales</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Hardware
revenues are generated primarily from the sale of Cloud-Application-Terminal based digital ads display terminals with integrated
software essential to the functionality of the hardware to our customers (inclusive of related parties). Although manufacturing
of the hardware has been outsourced to the Company&rsquo;s OEM suppliers, the Company has acted as the principal of the contract.
The Company has indicated that it may from time to time provide future unspecified software upgrades to the hardware products&rsquo;
essential software, which is expected to be infrequent and, free of charge. Non-software services is mainly the one-time training
session provided to the customer to familiarize them with the software operation upon the customer&rsquo;s initial introduction
to the software platform. The costs of providing infrequent software upgrade and training provided to the customer for familiarizing
the software operations are immaterial. As a result, the Company does not allocate transaction price to software upgrade and customer
training. Hardware sales are classified as &ldquo;Revenue-Products&rdquo; on the Company&rsquo;s consolidated statement of operations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Software
Sales</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Customers
in the private sector contract the Company to design and develop software products specifically customized for their needs for
a fixed price. Software development projects usually include developing software, integrating various isolated software systems
into one, and testing the system. The design and build services, together with the integration of the various elements, are generally
determined to be essential to the functionality of the delivered software. The contracted price is usually paid in installments
based on progression of the project or at the delivery of the software. The Company usually provides non-software services including
after-sale support, technical training. The technical training only occurs at the introduction of the software. The software is
highly specialized and stable, after-sale support and subsequent upgrade or enhancement are infrequent. The Company has estimated
the costs associated with the non-software performance obligations and concludes that these obligations are immaterial to the
overall contract. Therefore, the Company does not further allocate transaction price.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company usually completes the customized software contracts less than 12 months and recognizes the revenue at the point of delivery
because the Company does not have an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date. Revenues from software development
contracts are classified as &ldquo;Revenue-Software&rdquo; on the Company&rsquo;s consolidated statement of operations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>System
Integration Services</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">System
integration revenues are generated from fixed-price contracts which combine both customized software development and integration,
and non-customized hardware. System integration projects usually include the purchase of hardware, software development, and integration
of various systems into one, and test of the system. Customers are billed in accordance with contract terms, which typically require
a partial payment at the signing of the contract, partial payment upon delivery and customer acceptance, with the remainder due
within a stated period of time not exceeding 12 months.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
a result of the Company&rsquo;s business transformation from a traditional IT business solution provider to a provider of integrated
Cloud-Application-Terminal based products and services, system integration services have been phased out. Collection of residual
contract transaction prices from the previously completed performance obligations only accounted for about 2% of the Company&rsquo;s
2017 consolidated revenue. System integration services generated no revenue for the first six months of 2018, and will further
diminish in 2018 and beyond. Therefore, system integration services will have immaterial impact, if not at all, to the Company&rsquo;s
revenue recognition upon adoption of ASA 606.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
revenue comprises revenue generates from other hardware maintenance services, and miscellaneous income. Revenue recognition and
performance obligations are satisfied upon competition of the services. No contract costs associate with elements of other revenue.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Contract
balances</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
record advances from customers when cash payments are received or due in advance of our performance. For the six months ended
June 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company recognized revenue of $736,000 and $1,379,000, respectively, that was included in the advances
from customers balance at the beginning of each reporting period.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Practical
expedients and exemptions</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
generally expense sales commissions if any incurred because the amortization period would have been one year or less. In many
cases, the Company is approached by customers for customizing software products for their specific needs without incurring significant
selling expenses.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
do not disclose the value of unsatisfied performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or
less.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>(p)
Treasury Stock</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company repurchases its ordinary shares from time to time in the open market and holds such shares as treasury stock. The Company
applies the &ldquo;cost method&rdquo; and presents the cost to repurchase such shares as a reduction in equity.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>(q)
Stock-based compensation</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company applies ASC No. 718, &ldquo;Compensation-Stock Compensation&rdquo;, which requires that share-based payment transactions
with employees, such as share options, be measured based on the grant date fair value of the equity instrument and recognized
as compensation expense over the requisite service period, with a corresponding addition to equity. Under this method, compensation
cost related to employee share options or similar equity instruments is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of
the award and is recognized over the period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award,
which generally is the vesting period.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company applies ASC 505-50, &ldquo;Equity-Based Payments to Nonemployee&rdquo;, which requires that share-based payment transactions
with nonemployees, such as share options, be measured at the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the
equity instruments issued, whichever can be more reliably measured. The fair value of the equity instrument is recognized as compensation
expense over the requisite service period, with a corresponding addition to equity. Under this method, compensation cost related
to nonemployee share options or similar equity instruments is measured at the measurement date based on the fair value of the
award and is recognized over the period specified in the service agreement or the performance conditions being achieved in the
same manner as of the Company had paid cash for the services.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">During
the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company recognized approximately $312,000 and $247,000, respectively, of compensation
expense. See Note 16(c).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>(r)
Foreign Currency Translation</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
functional currency of the US and BVI companies is the United States dollar. The functional currency of the Company&rsquo;s Hong
Kong subsidiaries is the Hong Kong dollar.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
functional currency of the Company&rsquo;s wholly-owned PRC subsidiaries and its VIE is the Chinese Renminbi Yuan, (&ldquo;RMB&rdquo;).
RMB is not freely convertible into foreign currencies. The Company&rsquo;s PRC subsidiaries&rsquo; and their VIE&rsquo;s financial
statements are maintained in the functional currency. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the
functional currency are translated into the functional currency at rates of exchange prevailing at the balance sheet date. Transactions
denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates
prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Exchange gains or losses arising from foreign currency transactions are included
in the determination of net loss for the respective periods.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
financial reporting purposes, the financial statements of the Company have been translated into United States dollars. Assets
and liabilities are translated at exchange rates at the balance sheet dates, revenue and expenses are translated at average exchange
rates, and equity is translated at historical exchange rates. Any resulting translation adjustments are not included in determining
net income but are included in other comprehensive loss, a component of equity.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
exchange rates adopted are as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December
    31,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 52%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-end
    RMB to US$ exchange rate</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.6205</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.5084</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.7780</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Average
    yearly RMB to US$ exchange rate</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.7561</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Average
    six months RMB to US$ exchange rate</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.3688</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.8758</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">No
representation is made that the RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted into United States dollars at the rates used
in translation.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(s)
Research &amp; Development Expenses</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company follows the guidance in FASB ASC 985-20, Cost of Software to Be Sold, Leased or Marketed, regarding software development
costs to be sold, leased, or otherwise marketed.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">FASB
ASC 985-20-25 requires research and development costs for software development to be expensed as incurred until the software model
is technologically feasible. Technological feasibility is established when the enterprise has completed all planning, designing,
coding, testing, and identification of risks activities necessary to establish that the product can be produced to meet its design
specifications, features, functions, technical performance requirements. A certain amount of judgment and estimation is required
to assess when technological feasibility is established, as well as the ongoing assessment of the recoverability of capitalized
costs. The Company&rsquo;s products reach technological feasibility shortly before the products are released and sold to the public.
Therefore research and development costs are generally expensed as incurred.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(t)
Subsidy Income</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Subsidy
income mainly represents income received from various local governmental agencies in China for developing high technology products
in the fields designated by the government as new and highly innovative. We have no continuing obligation under the subsidy provision.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(u)
Sales, use, other value-added taxes, and Income Taxes</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenue
is recorded net of applicable sales, use, and value-added taxes.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Income
taxes are provided on an asset and liability approach for financial accounting and reporting of income taxes. Deferred income
taxes are recognized for all significant temporary differences at enacted rates and classified as non-current in the financial
statements. A valuation allowance is provided to reduce the amount of deferred tax assets if it is considered more likely than
not that some portion, or all of, the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company classifies interest and/or penalties
related to unrecognized tax benefits, if any, as a component of income tax expense.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company applies the provisions of ASC No. 740 &ldquo;Income Taxes&rdquo; (&ldquo;ASC 740&rdquo;), which clarifies the accounting
for uncertainty in income taxes recognized by prescribing a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial
statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC 740 also provides accounting
guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties, and disclosure.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(v)
Discontinued Operations</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
accordance with &ldquo;ASU 2014-08, Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205) and Property, Plant and Equipment (Topic
360): Reporting Discontinued Operations and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity&rdquo;, a discontinued operation
must represent a strategic shift that has or will have a major effect on an entity&rsquo;s operations and financial results. Examples
could include a disposal of a major line of business, a major geographical area, a major equity method investment, or other major
parts of an entity. The revised standard also allows an entity to have certain continuing cash flows or involvement with the component
after the disposal. Additionally, the standard requires expanded disclosures about discontinued operations that will provide financial
statement users with more information about the assets, liabilities, income, and expenses of discontinued operations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(w)
Segment reporting</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Segment
information is consistent with how management reviews the businesses, makes investing and resource allocation decisions and assesses
operating performance. Transfers and sales between reportable segments, if any, are recorded at cost.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company reports financial and operating information in the following two segments:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 5%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
    </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cloud-based
    Technology (CBT) segment &mdash; The CBT segment is the Company&rsquo;s current and future focus for corporate development.
    It includes the Company&rsquo;s cloud-based products and services sold to private sectors including new media, healthcare,
    education, and residential community management. In this segment, the Company generates revenues from the sales of hardware
    and software total solutions with proprietary software and content. Starting in the fourth quarter of 2014, the Company also
    began to generate additional revenue from monthly software licensing and Software-as-a Service (SaaS) fees. </FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 5%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
    </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Traditional
    Information Technology (TIT) segment &mdash;The TIT segment includes the Company&rsquo;s project-based technology products
    and services sold to the public sector. The solutions the Company has sold primarily include Geographic Information Systems
    (GIS), Digital Public Security Technology (DPST), and Digital Hospital Information Systems (DHIS). In this segment, the Company
    generates revenues from sales of software and system integration services.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(y)
Recent Accounting Pronouncements</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, &ldquo;ASC 842-10-65-1, Leases (Topic 842)&rdquo;. The guidance requires, with the
exception of short-term leases, a lease liability, which is a lessee&rsquo;s obligation to make lease payments arising from a
lease, measured on a discounted basis; and a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee&rsquo;s right to
use, or control the use of, a specified asset for the lease term. Under the new guidance, lessor accounting is largely unchanged.
Certain targeted improvements were made to align, where necessary, lessor accounting with the lessee accounting model and Topic
606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The guidance requires prospective application for reporting periods beginning after
December 15, 2018 and early adoption is permitted. Lessees (for capital and operating leases) and lessors (for sales-type, direct
financing, and operating leases) must apply a modified retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into
after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. The modified retrospective approach
would not require any transition accounting for leases that expired before the earliest comparative period presented. Lessees
and lessors may not apply a full retrospective transition approach. The Company expects to adopt the standard January 2019. Adoption
of ASU 2016-2 is not expected to have material impact on the consolidated financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
January 2017, the FASB issued 2017-04, &ldquo;ASC 350-20-65-3, Intangibles &ndash; Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying
the Test for Goodwill Impairment.&rdquo; The new guidance eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. The annual, or
interim, goodwill impairment test is performed by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An impairment
charge should be recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit&rsquo;s fair value; however,
the loss recognized should not exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. In addition, income tax effects
from any tax deductible goodwill on the carrying amount of the reporting unit should be considered when measuring the goodwill
impairment loss, if applicable. The new guidance also eliminates the requirements for any reporting unit with a zero or negative
carrying amount to perform a qualitative assessment and, if it fails that qualitative test, to perform Step 2 of the goodwill
impairment test. An entity still has the option to perform the qualitative assessment for a reporting unit to determine if the
quantitative impairment test is necessary. The new update is effective for annual or any interim goodwill impairment tests in
fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed
on testing dates after January 1, 2017. ASU 2017-04 should be adopted on a prospective basis. Adoption of ASU 2017-04 is not expected
to have material impact to the Company&rsquo;s consolidated financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
July 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-11,&ldquo;Earnings Per Share (Topic 260); Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480);
Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): (Part I) Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features, (Part II)
Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral for Mandatorily Redeemable Financial Instruments of Certain Nonpublic Entities and Certain
Mandatorily Redeemable Non-controlling Interests with a Scope Exception.&rdquo; &ldquo;These amendments simplify the accounting
for certain financial instruments with down round features. The amendments require companies to disregard the down round feature
when assessing whether the instrument is indexed to its own stock, for purposes of determining liability or equity classification.
Companies that provide earnings per share (EPS) data will adjust their basic EPS calculation for the effect of the feature when
triggered (i.e., when the exercise price of the related equity-linked financial instrument is adjusted downward because of the
down round feature) and will also recognize the effect of the trigger within equity. The amendments also address navigational
concerns within the FASB Accounting Standards Codification&reg; related to an indefinite deferral available to private companies
with mandatorily redeemable financial instruments and certain non-controlling interests, one that created significant &ldquo;pending
content&rdquo; in the Codification. The FASB decided to reclassify the indefinite deferral as a scope exception, which does not
have an accounting effect. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim
periods within those fiscal years. Adoption of ASU 2017-11 will not have material effect to the Company&rsquo;s consolidated financial
statements.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-2,&rdquo; Income Statement&mdash;Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification
of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income&rdquo;. &ldquo;These amendments provide financial statement
preparers with an option to reclassify stranded tax effects within AOCI to retained earnings in each period in which the effect
of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (or portion thereof) is recorded. The
ASU requires financial statement preparers to disclose: -A description of the accounting policy for releasing income tax effects
from AOCI; -Whether they elect to reclassify the stranded income tax effects from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act; and -Information
about the other income tax effects that are reclassified. The amendments affect any organization that is required to apply the
provisions of Topic 220, Income Statement&mdash;Reporting Comprehensive Income, and has items of other comprehensive income for
which the related tax effects are presented in other comprehensive income as required by GAAP.&rdquo; Effective for all organizations
for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted.
Organizations should apply the proposed amendments either in the period of adoption or retrospectively to each period (or periods)
in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act is recognized. Adoption
of ASU 2018-2 is not expected to have material impact on the consolidated financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-9, &ldquo;Codification Improvements&rdquo;. These amendments represent changes to clarify,
correct errors in, or make minor improvements to the Codification, eliminating inconsistencies and providing clarifications in
current guidance. The amendments in this ASU include those made to: Subtopic 220-10, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive
Income-Overall; Subtopic 718-740, Compensation-Stock Compensation-Income Taxes; Subtopic 805-740, Business Combinations-Income
Taxes; Subtopic 820-10, Fair Value Measurement-Overall; and others. &ldquo;The transition and effective date guidance is based
on the facts and circumstances of each amendment. Some of the amendments do not require transition guidance and will be effective
upon issuance. However, many of the amendments do have transition guidance with effective dates for annual periods beginning after
December 15, 2018, for public business entities. There are some conforming amendments that have been made to recently issued guidance
that is not yet effective that may require application of the transition and effective date guidance in the original ASU.&rdquo;
Adoption of ASU 2018-9 is not expected to have material impact on the consolidated financial statements.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13,&rdquo; Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework&mdash;Changes to the
Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.&rdquo; &ldquo;These amendments modify the disclosure requirements in Topic
820 as follows: Removals -The amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy; -The
policy for timing of transfers between levels; -The valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements; and -For nonpublic
entities, the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in earnings for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements
held at the end of the reporting period. Modifications -In lieu of a rollforward for Level 3 fair value measurements, a nonpublic
entity is required to disclose transfers into and out of Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy and purchases and issues of Level
3 assets and liabilities; -For investments in certain entities that calculate net asset value, an entity is required to disclose
the timing of liquidation of an investee&rsquo;s assets and the date when restrictions from redemption might lapse only if the
investee has communicated the timing to the entity or announced the timing publicly; and -The amendments clarify that the measurement
uncertainty disclosure is to communicate information about the uncertainty in measurement as of the reporting date. Additions
-The changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value
measurements held at the end of the reporting period; and - The range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs
used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. For certain unobservable inputs, an entity may disclose other quantitative information
(such as the median or arithmetic average) in lieu of the weighted average if the entity determines that other quantitative information
would be a more reasonable and rational method to reflect the distribution of unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair
value measurements.&rdquo; &ldquo;For all entities, amendments are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those
fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted
average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement
uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal
year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. Early
adoption is permitted. An entity is permitted to early adopt any removed or modified disclosures upon issuance of ASU No. 2018-13
and delay adoption of the additional disclosures until their effective date.&rdquo; Adoption of ASU 2018-13 is not expected to
have material impact on the consolidated financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, &ldquo;Intangibles&mdash;Goodwill and Other&mdash;Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40):
Customer&rsquo;s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract.&rdquo;
These amendments align the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service
contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and
hosting arrangements that include an internal use software license). The accounting for the service element of a hosting arrangement
that is a service contract is not affected by these amendments. &ldquo;For public business entities, the amendments are effective
for annual periods, including interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2019. For all other entities,
the amendments are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods in annual periods beginning
after December 15, 2021. Early adoption is permitted.&rdquo;&#9;Adoption of ASU 2018-13 is not expected to have material impact
on the consolidated financial statements.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has considered all other recently issued accounting pronouncements and does not believe that such pronouncements will
apply to the consolidated financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>3.
VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITY</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company is the primary beneficiary of iASPEC, pursuant to the Amended and Restated MSA. iASPEC is qualified as a variable interest
entity of the Company and is subject to consolidation. Accordingly, the assets and liabilities and revenues and expenses of iASPEC
have been included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, (i) the ownership structure
of the Company, and the VIEs are in compliance with existing PRC laws and regulations; (ii) the contractual arrangements with
the VIEs and its shareholder are valid and binding, and do not result in any violation of PRC laws or regulations currently in
effect; and (iii) the Company&rsquo;s business operations are in compliance with existing PRC laws and regulations in all material
respects.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">However,
there are substantial uncertainties regarding the interpretation and application of current and future PRC laws and regulations.
China&rsquo;s legal system is a civil law system based on written statutes and unlike common law systems. It is a system in which
decided legal cases have little value as precedent. As a result, China&rsquo;s administrative and judicial authorities have significant
discretion in interpreting and implementing statutory and contractual terms. Thus, it may be more difficult to evaluate the outcome
of administrative and judicial proceedings and the level of legal protection available than in more developed legal systems. Accordingly,
the Company cannot be assured that PRC regulatory authorities will not ultimately take a contrary view to its opinion with respect
to the contractual arrangements with its VIEs. Because all of these contractual arrangements are governed by the PRC laws and
provide for the resolution of disputes through arbitration in the PRC, these contracts would be interpreted in accordance with
the PRC laws and any dispute would be resolved in accordance with the PRC legal procedures. If the VIEs or their respective shareholders
fail to perform their respective obligations under the contractual arrangements, of which they are a party, the Company may have
to incur substantial costs and resources to enforce its rights under the contracts and rely on legal remedies under the PRC laws,
which may not be sufficient or effective. Under the PRC laws, rulings by arbitrators are final; parties cannot appeal the arbitration
results in courts; and the prevailing parties may only enforce the arbitration awards in the PRC courts through arbitration award
recognition proceedings, which would cause the Company to incur additional expenses and delays. As a result, uncertainties in
the PRC legal system could limit the Company&rsquo;s ability to enforce these contractual arrangements. In the event the Company
is unable to enforce these contractual arrangements, it may not be able to exert effective control over the VIEs, and its ability
to conduct its business may be negatively affected.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, if the PRC government determines that the Company is not in compliance with applicable laws, it may revoke the Company&rsquo;s
business and operating licenses, and require the Company to discontinue or restrict its operations, deconsolidate the Company&rsquo;s
interests in the VIEs, restrict its right to collect revenues. The PRC government may require the Company to restructure its operations,
impose additional conditions, of which the Company may not be able to comply, impose restrictions on the Company&rsquo;s business
operations or on its customers, or take other regulatory or enforcement actions against the Company that could be harmful to its
business. The Company believes that the contractual arrangements with its VIEs are in compliance with current PRC laws and are
legally enforceable. In the opinion of management, the likelihood of loss in respect to the Company&rsquo;s current ownership
structure or the contractual arrangements with VIEs is remote based on current facts and circumstances.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
order to facilitate iASPEC&rsquo;s expansion and provide financing for iASPEC to complete the acquisition of Geo, the Company
advanced RMB38.0 million (approximately $5.4 million) to iASPEC in two installments in 2007 and 2008 for increase of iASPEC&rsquo;s
registered capital. In order to comply with PRC laws and regulations, the advance was made to Mr. Lin, iASPEC&rsquo;s then majority
shareholder, who, then upon the authority and direction of the Board of Directors, forwarded the funds to iASPEC. The Company
has recorded the advance of these funds as an interest-free loan to iASPEC, which was eliminated against additional capital of
iASPEC in the Company&rsquo;s consolidated financial statements. The increase in iASPEC&rsquo;s registered capital does not affect
IST&rsquo;s exclusive option to purchase iASPEC&rsquo;s assets and shares under the MSA.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, net income of $ 168,219 and net loss of $ 20,264 respectively, have been attributed
to non-controlling interest in the consolidated statements of operations of the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Government
licenses, permits and certificates represent substantially all of the unrecognized revenue-producing assets held by the VIEs.
Recognized revenue-producing assets held by the VIEs consist of property, plant and equipment, and intangible assets.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
VIE&rsquo;s assets and liabilities were as follows as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December
    31,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    current assets</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">15,988,856</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12,989,673</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property,
    plant and equipment</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,084,455</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,283,672</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Intangible
    assets</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">358,217</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">776,405</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Non-current
    assets from discontinued operations</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    assets</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">24,629,085</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">22,248,087</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Intercompany
    payable to the WFOE</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">13,809,458</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">13,851,481</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    current liabilities</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">27,504,894</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">28,571,686</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    liabilities</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">27,504,894</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">28,571,686</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    equity</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2,875,809</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(6,323,599</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>4.
DISPOSALS OF CONDOLIDATED ENTITIES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
March 31, 2016, the Company disposed of Information Security Software Investment Limited (&ldquo;ISSI&rdquo;), a wholly-owned
subsidiary, to an unrelated third party. On August 1, 2016, the Company also disposed of Dongguan Information Security Technology
(China) Co., Ltd. (&ldquo;IST DG&rdquo;) to an unrelated third party. Both IST DG and ISSI were holding companies. The Company
divested these two subsidiaries as being determined that they were no longer necessities for the organization. There was no consideration
exchanged for the disposals that resulted in a total loss of approximately $0.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2016.
In accordance with ASC 810-10-40, Deconsolidation of a Subsidiary, the Company derecognized the net assets associated with ISSI
and IST DG on March 31, 2016 and on August 1, 2016, respectively, when the Company ceased to have controlling financial interest
in these entities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">After
various re-organizations by the Company, HPC was no longer affiliating, serving, or controlling any of the Company&rsquo;s subsidiaries,
and dissolved on December 22, 2017. The dissolution of HPC did not result in any gain or loss for the year ended December 31,
2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>5.
EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Basic
earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing earnings (loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number
of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share reflects the potential dilution that could
occur, if securities or other contracts to issue ordinary shares were exercised or converted into ordinary shares, or resulted
in the issuance of ordinary shares that shared in the earnings of the entity.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Components
of basic and diluted earnings per share were as follows for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Six
    Months</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Six
    Months</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ended</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ended</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30, 2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30, 2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Numerator:</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 56%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net
    income attributable to the Company</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18%; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,004,697</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18%; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">34,697</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Denominator:</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Weighted average
    outstanding ordinary shares-Basic</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">40,690,019</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">40,231,159</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-dilutive
    effect of stock options- employees</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">958,109</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-dilutive
    effect of stock options- nonemployees</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">64,556</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Weighted average
    outstanding ordinary shares- Diluted</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">41,712,684</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">40,231,159</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Earnings per
    share:</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Basic</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.05</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.00</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Diluted</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.05</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.00</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Warrants
for the purchase of 525,621 shares were not included in the calculations for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 as their
effect would have been anti-dilutive. The incremental shares were added to denominator for the period that stock options were
outstanding due to the average market price of the Company&rsquo;s stock in the period exceeded the exercise prices of the stock
options granted to the Company&rsquo;s employees and various consultants. The incremental shares were computed under the treasury
stock method. Because the effect would be anti-dilutive, there were 2,973,000 stock options outstanding that were not included
in the computation of dilutive weighted-average shares outstanding for the six months ended June 30,2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>6.
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
Revenue &ndash; related party</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">From
May 2017, the Company entered into a series of contracts with Shenzhen Taoping New Media Co., Ltd. (Shenzhen Taoping) and its
affiliates for the sale of the Company&rsquo;s Cloud-Application-Terminal based digital ads display terminals, software and technical
services. Shenzhen Taoping is a company controlled by Mr. Lin. For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, revenues from
related party for sales of products were approximately $6.8 million and $1.0 million, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
Rental income &ndash; related party</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
July 1, 2017, the Company entered into a lease agreement with Shenzhen Taoping New Media Co., Ltd. for leasing the Company&rsquo;s
office space located at 18th Floor, Education and Technology Building, Zhuzilin, Futian District, Shenzhen City for a period of
12 months. Shenzhen Taoping is a company controlled by Mr. Lin. For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company&rsquo;s
rental income from related party was approximately $32,000 and -0-, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>7.
INVENTORIES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, inventories consist of:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December
    31,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Raw
    materials</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">74,208</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">74,736</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Work
    in Process</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">13,268</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">13,497</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Finished
    goods</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">601,267</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">472,594</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cost
    of projects</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">162,649</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">297,951</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">851,392</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">858,778</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Allowance
    for slow-moving or obsolete inventories</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(254,609</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(227,168</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Inventories,
    net</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">596,783</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">631,610</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
the first six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, impairments for obsolete inventories were approximately $33,000 and $165,000,
respectively. Impairment charges on inventories are included with general and administrative expenses.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>8.
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, property, plant and equipment consist of:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December
    31,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Office
    buildings</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,963,371</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,177,737</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Electronic
    equipment, furniture and fixtures</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">11,328,333</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">11,422,706</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Motor
    vehicles</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">304,400</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">333,769</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Purchased
    software</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">11,885,780</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">10,998,174</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">28,481,884</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">27,932,386</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Less:
    accumulated depreciation</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(17,190,599</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(16,101,688</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property,
    plant and equipment, net</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">11,291,285</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">11,830,698</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Depreciation
expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 were approximately $1.5 million and $0.9 million, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Management
regularly evaluates property, plant and equipment for impairment, if an event occurs or circumstances change that would potentially
indicate that the carrying amount of the property, plant and equipment exceeded its fair value. Management utilizes the discounted
cash flow method to estimate the fair value of the property, plant and equipment.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Based
on the test of recoverability and the estimated fair value, management determined no impairment for the six months ended June
30, 2018 and 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>9.
INTANGIBLE ASSETS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, intangible assets consist of:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Software
    and software</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">development
    costs</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Trademarks</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Amortized
    intangible assets:</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Gross
    carrying amounts</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 34%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance
    as of January 1, 2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,045,285</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">884,483</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,929,768</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Foreign
    currency translation</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">270,585</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">59,162</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">329,747</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance as
    of December 31, 2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,315,870</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">943,645</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,259,515</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Foreign
    currency translation</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(73,117</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(15,987</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(89,104</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance
    as of June 30, 2018(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,242,753</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">927,658</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,170,411</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accumulated
    amortization</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance as
    of January 1, 2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,537,736</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">835,726</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,373,462</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Amortization
    expense</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">801,475</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">18,993</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">820,468</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Foreign
    currency translation</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">200,255</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">56,623</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">256,878</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance as
    of December 31, 2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,539,466</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">911,342</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,450,808</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Amortization
    expense</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">421,047</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">9,415</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">430,462</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Foreign
    currency translation</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(75,977</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(15,797</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(91,774</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance
    as of June 30, 2018(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,884,536</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">904,960</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,789,496</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    amortized intangible assets, net as of June 30, 2018(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">358,217</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">22,698</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">380,915</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amortization
expense for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 was approximately $0.4 million each.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Based
on the impairment test performed, management determined no impairment for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>10.
BANK LOANS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
Short-term bank loans</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December
    31,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Secured
    short-term loans</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,280,369</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,817,610</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    short-term bank loans</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,280,369</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,817,610</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)
Detailed information of secured short-term loan balances as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December
    31,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Guaranteed
    by High-tech Investment Company(i) and Mr. Lin</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,057,315</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,536,480</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Guaranteed
    by IST and guaranteed by Mr. Lin and guaranteed by Biznest and collateralized by IST</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,531,350</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,609,440</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Guaranteed
    by IST and guaranteed by iASPEC and Collateralized by ISIOT and Secured by ISTIL</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,691,704</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,671,690</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,280,369</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,817,610</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)
High-tech Investment Company is an unrelated third party.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of June 30, 2018, the Company had short-term bank loans of approximately $7.3 million, which mature on various dates from July
7, 2018 to May 16, 2019. The short-term bank loans can be extended for another year by the banks without additional charges to
the Company upon maturity. The bank borrowings are in the form of credit facilities. Amounts available to the Company from the
banks are based on the amount of collateral pledged or the amount guaranteed by the Company&rsquo;s subsidiaries. These borrowings
bear interest rates ranging from 5.66% to 6.74% per annum. The weighted average interest rates on short term debt were approximately
6.51% and 5.97% for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The interest expenses were approximately $0.2 million
each, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>11.
INCOME TAXES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pre-tax
income (loss) from continuing operations for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 were taxable in the following jurisdictions:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Six
    Months</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Six
    Months</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ended</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ended</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30,2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30,2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">PRC</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,739,641</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(600,524</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Others</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(853,113</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(430,543</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    income (loss) before income taxes</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">886,528</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,031,067</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>United
States</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Because
of the domestication transaction in 2012 by which TAOP became the parent of our group, under Section 7874 of the Internal Revenue
Code of 1986, as amended, the Company is treated for U.S. federal tax purposes as a U.S. corporation and, among other consequences,
is subject to U.S. federal income tax on its worldwide income.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
(the &ldquo;Act&rdquo;). The Act makes broad and complex changes to the U.S. tax code, including, but not limited to, (1) reducing
the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent; (2) requiring companies to pay a one-time transition tax on
certain unrepatriated earnings of foreign subsidiaries; (3) generally eliminating U.S. federal income taxes on dividends from
foreign subsidiaries; (4) requiring a tax on Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (&ldquo;GILTI&rdquo;) which is a current inclusion
in U.S. federal taxable income of certain earnings of controlled foreign corporations; (5) eliminating the corporate alternative
minimum tax (&ldquo;AMT&rdquo;) and changing how existing AMT credits can be realized; (6) creating the base erosion anti-abuse
tax (&ldquo;BEAT&rdquo;), a new minimum tax; (7) creating a new limitation on deductible interest expense; and (8) changing rules
related to uses and limitations of net operating loss carryforwards created in tax years beginning after December 31, 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
SEC staff issued Staff Accounting Bulletin 118, which provides guidance on accounting for the tax effects of the Act for which
the accounting under ASC 740, Income Taxes (&ldquo;ASC 740&rdquo;) is incomplete. To the extent that a company&rsquo;s accounting for
certain income tax effects of the Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record a provisional
estimate in the financial statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate to be included in the financial statements,
it should continue to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provisions of the tax laws that were in effect immediately before enactment
of the Act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of June 30, 2018, the Company has not completed its accounting for the tax effects of the enactment of the Act. Final accounting
for these effects is expected in the fourth quarter of 2018 subsequent to the Company&rsquo;s completion of the 2017 tax return.
The Company operates primarily in PRC. To complete the accounting associated with the Act, the Company will continue to review
the technical tax interpretations associated with the underlying law, monitor state legislative changes, and review U.S. federal
and state guidance as it is issued. Further the Company will continue to accumulate and refine the relevant data and computational
elements needed to finalize its accounting within the measurement period.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>BVI</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
the current laws of the BVI, dividends and capital gains arising from the Company&rsquo;s investments in the BVI and ordinary
income, if any, are not subject to income taxes.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Hong
Kong</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
the current laws of Hong Kong, ISSI, IST HK and HPC are subject to a profit tax rate of 16.5% .</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>PRC</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Income
tax (benefit) expense from continuing operations consists of the following:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Six
    Months</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Six
    Months</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ended</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ended</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30,2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30,2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 60%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Current
    taxes</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 16%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,286,388</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 16%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,045,500</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income
    tax benefit</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,286,388</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,045,500</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Current
income tax benefit was recorded in 2018 and 2017 and was related to differences between the book and corporate income tax returns.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Six
    Months</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Six
    Months</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ended</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Ended</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30,2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30,2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 60%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">PRC
    statutory tax rate</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 16%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">25</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 16%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">25</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Computed
    expected income tax (benefit) expense</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">221,632</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(257,767</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Tax
    rate differential benefit from tax holiday</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(248,536</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">26,817</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Permanent
    differences</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,447,813</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(930,476</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Tax
    effect of deductible temporary differences not recognized</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(24,949</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(47,995</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Non-deductible
    tax loss</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">213,278</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">163,921</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income
    tax (benefit) expense</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,286,388</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,045,500</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
significant components of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities were as follows as of June 30, 2018 and December 31,
2017:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30, 2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December
    31, 2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Deferred</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Deferred</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Deferred</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Deferred</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Tax</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Tax</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Tax</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Tax</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Assets</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Liabilities</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Assets</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Liabilities</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 36%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Allowance
    for doubtful accounts</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,142,987</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,188,831</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Loss
    carry-forwards</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,483,777</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,314,061</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fixed
    assets</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,084</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(243,913</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">20,937</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(243,728</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Inventory
    valuation</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">325,002</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">408,905</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Salary
    payable</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,839</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12,113</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Intangible
    assets</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">226,057</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">132,517</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">212,283</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">134,801</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Gross
    deferred tax assets and liabilities</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,189,746</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(111,396</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,157,130</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(108,927</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Valuation
    allowance</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(3,078,350</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(3,048,203</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    deferred tax assets and liabilities</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">111,396</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(111,396</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">108,927</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(108,927</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has net operating loss carry forwards totaling RMB 57.7 million ($9.1 million) as of June 30, 2018, substantially all
of which were from PRC subsidiaries and will expire on various dates through December 31, 2022. Valuation allowance for deferred
tax asset was fully provided.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IST
and Topcloud are all governed by the Income Tax Laws of the PRC. These companies are approved as being high-technology enterprises
and subject to PRC enterprise income tax rate (&ldquo;EIT&rdquo;) at 15%, while Biznest is subject to a 12.5% of EIT.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company recognizes that virtually all tax positions in the PRC are not free of some degree of uncertainty due to tax law and policy
changes by the State. However, the Company cannot reasonably quantify political risk factors and thus must depend on guidance
issued by current State officials.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Based
on all known facts, circumstances, and current tax law, the Company has recorded $-0- and $-0- of unrecognized tax benefits as
of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively. The Company believes that there are no tax positions for which it is reasonably
possible, based on current Chinese tax laws and policies, that the unrecognized tax benefits will significantly increase or decrease
over the next 12 months, individually or in the aggregate, and have a material effect on the Company&rsquo;s results of operations,
financial condition or cash flows.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&rsquo;s policy is to recognize interest and penalties accrued on any unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income
tax expense. Any accrued interest or penalties associated with any unrecognized tax benefits were not significant for the six
months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Since
the Company intends to reinvest its earnings to further expand its businesses in the PRC, the PRC subsidiaries do not intend to
declare dividends to their parent companies in the foreseeable future. The Company&rsquo;s foreign subsidiaries are in a cumulative
deficit position. Accordingly, the Company has not recorded any deferred taxes on the cumulative amount of any undistributed deficit
earnings. It is impractical to calculate the tax effect of the deficit at this time.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>12.
OTHER CURRENT AND NON-CURRENT ASSETS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, other current assets consist of:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December
    31,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Advances
    to unrelated-parties <SUP>(ii) </SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,280</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,244,348</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Receivable
    from sale of the deposit of the land use right<SUP>(i) </SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,267,532</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,323,843</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Advances
    to employees</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">75,315</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">53,025</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Subsidy
    income receivable(VAT)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">40,489</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">147,632</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Installation
    contract deposits <SUP>(iii) </SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,606</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,776</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other
    current assets</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">94,895</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">77,168</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,491,117</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,854,792</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 5%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)
    </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    Company planned to purchase land use rights in Dongguan City for expansion of operations in manufacturing and office building
    in 2010. Under the terms of the purchase agreement with Dongguan Fenggang Municipal Government (the &ldquo;Local Government&rdquo;),
    IST paid approximately $14.0 million (RMB 90.8 million) in total with the Local Government as security deposit for purchase
    of land use rights, which was refundable, if the Company was to terminate the agreement. In September 2016, the Company terminated
    the purchase agreement because of the shift of the Company&rsquo;s business strategy and transformation of the Company&rsquo;s
    business. The Company sold deposit receivable of approximately $13.0 million (RMB 90.2 million) without recourse to an unrelated
    party, Dongguan Dongyi Industrial Co., Ltd. (&ldquo;Dongyi&rdquo;), in a consideration of approximately $10.4 million (RMB
    72.2 million) with an installment payment plan until December 31, 2019. For the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company
    received approximately $1.0 million from Dongyi. For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company received approximately
    an aggregate of $3.3 million from Dongyi. </FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    transaction was governed by FASB ASC 860-20, Sales of Financial Assets. The Company recognized and recorded a loss of approximately
    $2.7 million from the sale in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2016.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)
    </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    advances to unrelated parties for business development, and are non-interest bearing.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iii)
    </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deposits
    for installation contract are made from time-to-time by the Company to demonstrate the Company&rsquo;s capabilities in capital
    and resources in connection with bidding on certain projects. Such amounts are refundable upon completion of the bidding processes.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, other non-current assets consist of:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December
    31,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Receivable
    from sale of the deposit of the land use right<SUP>(i) </SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,269,967</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,326,319</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,269,967</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,326,319</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>13.
WARRANT LIABILITY</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
May 2015, the Company closed an equity offering and issued 2,102,484 ordinary shares to certain institutional investors at a price
of $6.44 per share. At the same time, the Company also issued Series A and Series B warrants to purchase an aggregate of 1,576,863
ordinary shares to the same investors under the equity offering.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table outlines the number of warrants outstanding and exercisable as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30, 2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December
    31, 2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Number
    of</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Number
    of</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Warrants</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Warrants</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Warrants</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Exercise</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Expiration</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Outstanding</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Outstanding</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Outstanding</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Price</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Date</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 28%; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Series
    A</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18%; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">525,621</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7.73</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">05/27/2018
                                         </FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><U>Series
A warrants</U></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Series
A warrants were issued to purchase an aggregate of 525,621 ordinary shares at an exercise price of $7.73 per share. The Series
A warrants have a term of three years and are exercisable by the holders at any time after the date of issuance before the expiration
date. A holder of the Series A warrants has the right to exercise warrants on a cashless basis, if a registration statement or
prospectus is not available for the issuance of the ordinary shares upon exercise of the warrants. The Series A warrants are classified
as liability with fair value of $0 at December 31, 2017. And Series A warrants remained outstanding as of December 31, 2017 and
expired without exercise as of June 30, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company recognizes the warrants liability at their respective fair values at inception and on each reporting date. The Company
utilized a binomial option pricing model (&ldquo;BOPM&rdquo;) and a Monte-Carlo simulation to develop its assumptions for determining
the fair value of the warrants A and B, respectively. Changes in the fair value of the derivative warrant liabilities and key
assumptions at the issue date and each reporting date are as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Series
    A</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Warrants</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance
    at January 1, 2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,719</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,719</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Adjustment
    resulting from the change in the fair value for the reporting period</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(3,719</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(3,719</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance
    at December 31, 2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>14.
OTHER PAYABLES AND ACCRUED EXPENSES</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, other payables and accrued expenses consist of:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December
    31,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Advances
    from unrelated third-parties <SUP>(i) </SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">393,453</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">194,552</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
    taxes payable <SUP>(ii) </SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,876,127</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,772,560</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unrecognized
    tax benefits <SUP>(iii) </SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">433,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">433,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accrued
    professional fees</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">88,464</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">158,747</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amount
    due to employees <SUP>(iv) </SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">184,130</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">198,370</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other
    current liabilities</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">267,572</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">281,188</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,242,746</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,038,417</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 5%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)
    </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    advances from unrelated parties are non-interest bearing and due on demand.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)
    </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    other taxes payable were the amounts due to the value added tax, business tax, city maintenance and construction tax, and
    individual income tax. The increase in other taxes payable was mainly attributed to reassessment of prior years&rsquo; business
    tax, value added tax, land use tax, and other auxiliary taxes.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iii)
    </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    Unrecognized tax benefits refer to the land value added tax due to the sale of property, equipment, and land use rights in
    September 2015.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iv)
    </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
    amounts due to employees were pertaining to employees&rsquo; out-of-pocket expenses for travel and meal allowance, etc.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>15.
RESERVE AND DISTRIBUTION OF PROFIT</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
accordance with relevant PRC regulations and the Articles of Association of our PRC subsidiaries, our PRC subsidiaries are required
to allocate at least 10% of their annual after-tax profits determined in accordance with PRC statutory financial statements to
a statutory general reserve fund until the amounts in said fund reaches 50% of their registered capital. As of June 30, 2018 and
December 31, 2017, the balance of general reserve is $13.8 million each.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
the applicable PRC regulations, the Company may pay dividends only out of the accumulated profits, if any, determined in accordance
with the PRC accounting standards and regulations. As the statutory reserve funds can only be used for specific purposes under
the PRC laws and regulations. The general reserves are not distributable as cash dividends.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
after-tax profits or losses with respect to the payment of dividends out of accumulated profits and the annual appropriation of
after-tax profits as calculated pursuant to the PRC accounting standards and regulations do not result in significant differences
as compared to after-tax earnings as presented in our consolidated financial statements. However, there are certain differences
between the PRC accounting standards and regulations and the U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, arising from different
treatment of items such as amortization of intangible assets and change in fair value of contingent consideration arising from
business combinations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>16.
EQUITY</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
Ordinary shares</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company is authorized to issue 100,000,000 ordinary shares.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
September 19, 2017, at the Company&rsquo;s 2017 Annual Meeting of Members, the shareholders of the Company approved an amendment
to the Company&rsquo;s Memorandum and Articles of Association to remove the par value of the Company&rsquo;s ordinary shares.
On October 12, 2017, the Company filed an amended and restated Memorandum and Articles of Association (the &ldquo;Amended and
Restated M&amp;A&rdquo;) with the Registrar of Corporate Affairs in the British Virgin Islands to remove par value per share of
the Company&rsquo;s ordinary shares. As a result, additional-paid-in capital resulted from cash received in excess of par value
for the Company&rsquo;s issuance of ordinary shares was reclassified to ordinary shares at December 31, 2017, in an aggregate
of approximately $123.5 million.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
January 2018, an aggregate of 529,004 ordinary shares were issued as a result of exercise of stock options granted to employees
and consultants. Refer to (d) and (e) below.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
Repurchase of common shares</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
October 4, 2013, the Company announced a $9.0 million share repurchase program. Repurchases may be made in open-market transactions
or through privately negotiated transactions. The timing and extent of any repurchase will depend upon market conditions, the
trading price of the Company&rsquo;s ordinary shares, and other factors, and are subject to the restrictions relating to volume,
price and timing under the applicable laws, including but not limited to, Rule 10b-18 promulgated under the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934, as amended. The Company&rsquo;s Board of Directors will review the share repurchase program periodically, and may
authorize adjustment of its terms and size accordingly. An aggregate of 1,402,448 shares were repurchased under the program as
of December 31, 2015, in an aggregate amount of approximately $7.1 million. On June 7, 2017 the aggregate of 1,402,448 ordinary
shares held in the Company&rsquo;s treasury stock was canceled. As a result, the excess of the cost of those shares over the par
value was allocated to additional paid-in capital and retained earnings in the amount of approximately $7.0 million and $104,000,
respectively as of June 30, 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)
Stock-based compensation</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table provides the details of the approximate total share based payments expense during the six months ended June 30,
2018 and 2017:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 60%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Employees
    and directors share-based payments</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 16%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">290,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(d)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 16%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">247,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(d)</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Stock
    options issued for services</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">22,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(e)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1.5pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">312,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">247,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
September 11, 2013, the Board of Directors of the Company adopted the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2013 Plan, pursuant to
which, the Company may offer up to five million ordinary shares as equity incentives to its directors, employees and consultants.
Such number of shares is subject to adjustment in the event of certain reorganizations, mergers, business combinations, recapitalizations,
stock splits, stock dividends, or other change in the corporate structure of the Company affecting the shares issuable under the
2013 Plan. As of December 31, 2015, the Company had issued an aggregate of 4,467,135 shares of restricted stock, to our officers
and employees under the 2013 Plan. There was no additional issuance of restricted shares during the years ended December 31, 2016
and 2017 and the six months ended June 30, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)
Stock options to employees and directors</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
May 9, 2016, the Board of Directors of the Company adopted the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2016 Plan. Pursuant to the 2016
Plan, the Company may offer up to five million ordinary shares as equity incentives to its directors, employees and consultants.
Such number of shares is subject to adjustment in the event of certain reorganizations, mergers, business combinations, recapitalizations,
stock splits, stock dividends, or other change in the corporate structure of the Company affecting the issuable shares under the
2016 Plan. The Company accounts for its stock option awards to employees and directors pursuant to the provisions of ASC 718,
Compensation &ndash; Stock Compensation. The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes
Merton valuation model. The Company recognizes the fair value of each option as compensation expense ratably using the straight-line
attribution method over the service period, which is generally the vesting period. On May 27, 2016, the Company granted options
to purchase an aggregate of 2,712,000 ordinary shares under the 2016 Plan. The fair value of these options was approximately $1.6
million at the date of the grant, of which approximately $202,000 and $227,000 was recorded as compensation and included in administrative
expenses in the consolidated statements of operations for the services provided for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017,
respectively. On May 17, 2017, the Company granted options to employees and directors to purchase an aggregate of 960,000 ordinary
shares under the 2016 Plan. The fair value of these options was approximately $0.5 million at the date of the grant, of which
approximately $88,000 and $20,000 was recorded as compensation and included in administrative expenses in the consolidated statements
of operations for the services provided in the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the inputs and assumptions used to estimate the fair values of the share options granted for the six
months ended as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30,</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 78%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Exercise
    price</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 18%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.99</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Expected
    term</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3
                                         years </FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Expected
    volatility</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">80.40</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Expected
    dividend yield</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Risk
    free interest rate</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.59</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fair Value</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.59</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Stock
option activity for the six months ended June 30, 2018 is summarized as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Weighted
    Average</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Remaining</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Aggregated</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Options</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Weighted
    Average</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Contractual
    Life</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Intrinsic</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Outstanding</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Exercise
    Price</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Years)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Value</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Outstanding
    at December 31, 2017</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,918,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.14</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3.40</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">996,860</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Exercised</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(802,800</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.21</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Canceled</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(61,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.15</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Outstanding
    at June 30, 2018(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,054,200</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.11</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2.90</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">390,358</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Vested
    and expected to be vested as of June 30, 2018(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,528,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.08</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2.90</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">332,440</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Options exercisable
    as of June 30, 2018(Unaudited) (vested)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">378,400</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.99</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2.90</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">116,776</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There
were no stock options granted to employees during the six months ended June 30, 2018, and the weighted average grant-date fair
value of options granted during the six months ended June 30, 2017, was $0.59. The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised
during the six months ended June 30, 2018 was approximately $72,000, and there was no exercise during the six months ended June
30, 2017. The Company did not receive any proceeds related to the exercise of stock options from employees for the six months
ended June 30, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the status of options which contain vesting provisions:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Weighted</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Average</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Grant
    Date</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Options</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fair
    Value</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Non-vested
    at January 1, 2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,112,800</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.70</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Vested</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(376,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.59</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Canceled</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(61,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.73</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Non-vested
    at June 30, 2018(Unaudited)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,675,800</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.72</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of June 30, 2018, approximately $1.0 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested share options is
expected to be recognized over a weighted average remaining vesting period of approximately 0.9 years. The total fair value of
options vested during the six months ended June 30, 2018, and 2017 was approximately $0.2 million and $0 million, respectively.
To the extent the actual forfeiture rate is different from what the Company has anticipated, stock-based compensation related
to these awards will be different from its expectations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(e)
Stock options to non-employees</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the Company&rsquo;s 2016 Equity Incentive Plan, in 2017 the Company issued 250,000 stock options to consultants and 250,000
options vested during the year ended December 31, 2017. During the six months ended June 30, 2018, 50,000 options were exercised
for issuance of 50,000 shares in aggregate cash proceeds of $46,500. The fair value of the options issued to consultants was estimated
on the measurement date using the Black-Scholes Merton valuation model. We expensed to administrative expense $96,000 during the
year ended December 31, 2017.And we expensed to administrative expense $22,000 during the six months ended June 30, 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of June 30, 2018, the weighted average exercise price was $1.36 and the weighted average remaining life was 2.54 years. The following
table outlines the options outstanding and exercisable as of June 30, 2018:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June
    30, 2018</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Number
    of</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Options</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Exercise</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Expiration</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Outstanding</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Price</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Date</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="width: 52%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2017
    Service Agreement Options (Marketing)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">50,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.29</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10/31/2020
                                         </FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2017
    Service Agreement Options (Marketing)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">50,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.63</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">11/30/2020
                                         </FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2017
    Service Agreement Options (Marketing)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">50,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.48</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">12/31/2020
                                         </FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2017
    Consulting Service Agreement Options</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">50,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.02</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">05/27/2021
                                         </FONT></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255); font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">200,000</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>17.
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">iASPEC
and Bocom lease offices, employee dormitories, and factory space in Shenzhen , China. Lease agreements expired on various dates
through December 2017. Afterwards only Biznest has a month-to-month based lease agreement without long term commitment. For the
first six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, the rental expense was approximately $3,000 and $42,000, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
may be subject to legal proceedings, investigations, and claims incidental to conduct of our business from time to time. We are
currently subject to legal or arbitration proceedings with customers pertaining to our performance of the sales contracts. The
Company estimates, with 50% of probability, a possible loss ranging from approximately $ 0 to $300,000, if the proceedings are
ruled by arbitration.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>18.
CONCENTRATIONS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
the six months ended June 30, 2018, no customer accounted for greater than 10% of revenue. For the six months ended June 30, 2017,
three customer accounted for greater than 10% of revenue. However, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company&rsquo;s
top five customers accounted for 29% and 75% of the Company&rsquo;s revenues from continuing operations, respectively.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&rsquo;s top five customers accounted for 33% of accounts receivable as of June 30, 2018, of which two customers each accounted
for greater than 10% or more of accounts receivable. The Company&rsquo;s top five customers accounted for 46% of accounts receivable
as of December 31, 2017, of which two customers each accounted for greater than 10% or more of accounts receivable.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>19.
SUBSEQUENT EVENTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
September 7, 2018, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with certain investors, pursuant to which the investors
agreed to purchase an aggregate of 2,000,000 ordinary shares of the Company at a price of $1.50 per share for an aggregate of
$3 million. Mr. Jianghuai Lin, the Company&rsquo;s Chairman and CEO, is one of the investors and agreed to purchase 500,000 shares
in this transaction. The private placement may be consummated in multiple closings, occurring no later than December 31, 2018.
The consummation of the private placement is subject to the satisfaction of certain customary closing conditions. 1,000,000 ordinary
shares were issued in November 2018.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>OPERATING
AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>IN
CONNECTION WITH THE INTERIM CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>FOR
THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2018</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
this report, as used herein, and unless the context suggests otherwise, the terms &ldquo;TAOP,&rdquo; &ldquo;Company,&rdquo; &ldquo;we,&rdquo;
&ldquo;us&rdquo; or &ldquo;ours&rdquo; refer to the combined business of Taoping Inc. (F/K/A China Information Technology, Inc.),
its subsidiaries and other consolidated entities. References to &ldquo;dollar&rdquo; and &ldquo;$&rdquo; are to U.S. dollars,
the lawful currency of the United States, and references to &ldquo;Renminbi&rdquo; and &ldquo;RMB&rdquo; are to the legal currency
of China. References to &ldquo;SEC&rdquo; are to the Securities and Exchange Commission.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">You
should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our
unaudited consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this Report on Form 6-K and with the discussion
and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations contained in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year
ended December 31, 2017 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 30, 2018 (the &ldquo;2017 Form 20-F&rdquo;).
This discussion may contain forward-looking statements based upon current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties. Our
actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors,
including those identified elsewhere in this report on Form 6-K, and those listed in the 2017 Form 20-F under &ldquo;Item 3. Key
Information-D. Risk Factors&rdquo; or in other parts of the 2017 Form 20-F.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Overview</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are a leading cloud-based ads display terminal and service provider of digital advertising distribution network and new media
resource sharing platform in the Out-of-Home advertising market in China. We provide the integrated end-to-end digital advertising
solutions enabling customers to distribute and manage ads on the ads display terminals. Connecting cloud-based ads display terminal
owners, advertisers, and consumers, we build up a resource sharing &ldquo;Smart IoT Terminal - Taoping Net/ App - Taoping E-store&rdquo;
media ecosystem to ultimately achieve the mission &ldquo;Our technology makes advertising and branding affordable and effective
for everyone.&rdquo;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
were founded in 1993 and are headquartered in Shenzhen, China. Prior to 2014, we generated majority of our revenues through selling
our products mostly to public service entities to help improve their operational efficiency and service quality. Our representative
customers included China Ministry of Public Security, provincial bureaus of public security, fire departments, traffic bureaus,
police stations, human resource departments, urban planning boards, civic administrations, land resource administrations, mapping
and surveying bureaus, and the Shenzhen General Station of Exit and Entry Frontier Inspection.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Since
2014, we have diversified our customer base beyond the public sector into private sectors. Our private sector customers include,
among others, advertising agencies, auto dealerships, hotels, shopping malls, educational institutes, and beauty spas. Our new
corporate mission is to make publicity accessible and affordable for businesses of every size.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
2014, we generated revenues from sales of hardware products, software products, system integration services, and related maintenance
and supporting services. Starting in 2015, with the introduction of our cloud-based software as a service (SaaS) offering, we
generated additional recurring monthly revenues from SaaS fees. The revenue from SaaS was relatively small in 2016 and 2017, which
is expected to pick up quickly in future years along with the roll-out of our cloud-based new media terminals and elevator IoT
box.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
May 2017, we completed the business transformation and rolled out Cloud-Application-Terminal and IoT technology based digital
ads distribution network and new media resource sharing platform in the Out-of-Home Advertising Market. In 2017, we generated
most revenue from selling fully integrated ads display terminals. The revenue generated from SaaS and other software products
and services remained small in 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Critical
Accounting Policies and Estimates</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities
at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The Company&rsquo;s
significant estimates include its accounts receivable, warrants liability, goodwill, and other intangible assets. Management makes
these estimates using the best information available at the time the estimates are made; however actual results could differ from
those estimates.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Please
see Note 2 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report on Form 6-K for a summary of significant
accounting policies.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Recently
Adopted and Issued Accounting Pronouncements</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Please
see Note 2 to our unaudited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report on Form 6-K for a summary of significant
accounting policies.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I><U>Results
of Operations</U></I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table sets forth key components of our results of operations for the first six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017,
both in dollars and as a percentage of our revenue.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Six Months Ended June 30, 2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Six Months Ended June 30, 2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">(Unaudited)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">(Unaudited)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 12pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Amount</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">% of Revenue</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">Amount</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">% of Revenue</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 36%">Revenue</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 13%; text-align: right">11,364,033</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 13%; text-align: right">100.00</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 13%; text-align: right">5,732,064</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 13%; text-align: right">100.00</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Costs of revenue</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">6,098,127</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">53.66</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">3,298,620</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">57.55</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Gross profit</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">5,265,906</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">46.34</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">2,433,444</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">42.45</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Administrative expenses</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(1,780,694</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(15.67</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)%</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(1,269,973</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(22.16</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Research and development expenses</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(2,484,574</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(21.86</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)%</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(1,943,445</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(33.90</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Selling expenses</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">(198,500</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">(1.75</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">)%</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">(580,476</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">(10.13</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">)%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Income (loss) from operations</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">802,138</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">7.06</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(1,360,450</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(23.73</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Subsidy income</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">333,660</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">2.94</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">306,658</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">5.35</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Other (loss) income, net</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(6,033</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(0.05</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)%</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">238,080</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">4.15</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Interest income</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,218</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">0.01</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">6,065</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">0.11</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Interest expense</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(244,455</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(2.15</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)%</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(225,140</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(3.93</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Change in fair value of warrants liability</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">3,720</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">0.06</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Income (loss) before income taxes</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">886,528</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">7.80</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(1,031,067</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(17.99</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Income tax benefit</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,286,388</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">11.32</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">1,045,500</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">18.24</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">Income</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">2,172,916</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">19.12</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">14,433</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">0.3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">Less: net (income) loss attributable to non- <BR> controlling interest</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(168,219</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">(1.48</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">)%</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">20,264</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right">0.35</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Net income attributable to Company</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">2,004,697</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">17.64</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">34,697</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">0.61</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
</TABLE>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Revenue</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenue
was $11.4 million for the first six months of 2018, compared to $5.7 million for the same period last year, an increase of $5.7
million or 98.3%.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenue
increase in the first six months of 2018 was primarily attributable to the significant increase of sales of the Company&rsquo;s
cloud-based advertising display terminals and software, as a result of its successful implementation of our nationwide marketing
strategy throughout China.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Beginning
January 1, 2018, the Company adopted ASU 2014-09, Topic 606, &ldquo;Revenue from Contracts with Customers&rdquo; and its related
amendments (collectively referred to as &ldquo;FASB ASC 606&rdquo;) for its new revenue recognition accounting policy. The Company
has applied the required five-step analysis on contracts with our customers in accordance with the accounting pronouncement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">After
the application of the five-step analysis and other revenue recognition guidance required by ASU 2014-9 and other related accounting
pronouncements to contracts with our customers, the Company determined that its adoption of the new revenue recognition accounting
policies has no material impact to the Company&rsquo;s consolidated financial statements and resulted in no cumulative adjustment
from prior periods.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Gross
Profit</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Gross
Profit was $5.3 million for the first six months of 2018, an increase of $ 2.8 million or 116.4%, compared to $2.4 million for
the first six months of 2017. Gross profit as a percentage of revenue was 46.3% for the first six months of 2018, increased from
42.5% for the same period of last year.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has enjoyed higher gross margin from revenue generated from the new hardware products and software services offered to
the customers in the Out-of-Home advertising market in the first six months of 2018. The Company has outsourced production of
our Cloud-Application-Terminal (CAT) and Internet-of-Things (IoT) technology based ads display terminals that has provided significant
cost savings that has also contributed to the increase of overall gross margin.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Administrative,
R&amp;D and Selling expenses</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Administrative
expenses increased by $0.5 million to $1.8 million for the first six months of 2018, compared to $1.3 million for the same period
of 2017. Such increase was mainly due to the remeasurement of intercompany payables and receivables denominated in a currency
other than its functional currency. As a percentage of revenue, administrative expenses decreased to 15.7% for the first six months
of 2018, from 22.2% for the same period of 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Research
and development expenses increased by approximately $0.6 million to $2.5 million for the first six months of 2018, compared to
$1.9 million for the first six months of 2017. Such increase was primarily due to increase of compensation for addition of R&amp;D
staff and depreciation of software that was newly acquired in 2017 and 2018 that used for the digital ads distribution and new
media resource sharing platform servicing our customers to more efficiently and more cost effectively promote their brand names
and businesses. As a percentage of revenue, research and development expenses decreased to 21.9% for the first six months of 2018,
from 33.9% for the same period of last year.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Selling
expenses decreased by $0.4 million, or 65.8%, to $0.2 million for the first six months of 2018, compared to $0.6 million for the
first six months of 2017. This decrease was due to reduction in sales force of the traditional IT segment and marketing expenses.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Net
income attributable to Company</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
the first six months of 2018, net income attributable to the Company was $2.0 million, compared to $35,000 for the same period
of last year. As the new successful business model continues to grow, the Company believes that the net income will continue to
improve.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Cash
and Financial Position</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of June 30, 2018, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $3.0 million, compared to $3.3 million as of December 31, 2017.
The Company had a working capital of $1.6 million as of June 30, 2018, which was a significant improvement over a working capital
deficiency of $1.5 million as of December 31, 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the key cash flow components from our consolidated statements of cash flows for the periods indicated.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Six Months Ended</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Six Months Ended</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">June 30,2018</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">June 30,2017</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1.5pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">(Unaudited)</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">(Unaudited)</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 60%; text-align: justify">Net cash provided by (used in) continuing operating activities</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 16%; text-align: right">629,344</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 16%; text-align: right">(40,072</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Net cash used in investing activities</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(399,953</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(244,470</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Net cash used in financing activities</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(374,277</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(1,182,699</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Operating
Activities-Continuing operations </U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net
cash provided by operating activities was $0.6 million for the six months of 2018, and net cash used in operating activities was
$0.04 million for the first six months of 2017. As a result of a successful transformation of our business, we had a net income
of $2.2 million for the six months of 2018 comparing to a net income of $0.01 million for the same period of 2017.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Investing
Activities-Continuing operations </U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net
cash used in investing activities was $0.4 million for the six months of 2018, and net cash used in investing activities was $0.24
million for the six months of 2017.The change was primarily due to the purchase of property and equipment.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><U>Financing
Activities-Continuing operations</U></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net
cash used in financing activities was $0.4 million for the six months of 2018 mainly attributable to short-term bank borrowings
receipts of $1.1 million with $1.5 million in repayment of short-term loans. Net cash used in financing activities was $1.2 million
the six months of 2017 mainly attributable to short-term bank borrowings receipts of $1 million with $2.2 million in repayment
of short-term loans.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-right: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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    <us-gaap:NatureOfOperations contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;1. ORGANIZATION, PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES AND MANAGEMENT&amp;#8217;S&#13;PLANS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Taoping Inc. (f/k/a China Information&#13;Technology, Inc.), together with its subsidiaries (the &amp;#8220;Company&amp;#8221; or &amp;#8220;TAOP&amp;#8221;), is a leading provider of cloud-app&#13;technologies for Smart City IoT platforms, digital advertising delivery, and other internet-based information distribution systems&#13;in China. Our Internet ecosystem enables all participants of the new media community to efficiently promote branding, disseminate&#13;information, and exchange resources. In addition, we provide a broad portfolio of software, hardware with fully integrated solutions,&#13;including Information Technology infrastructure, Internet-enabled display technologies, and IoT platforms to customers in government,&#13;education, residential community management, media, transportation, and other private sectors. In May 2018, we changed our corporate&#13;name from &amp;#8220;China Information Technology Inc.&amp;#8221; to &amp;#8220;Taoping Inc.), to more accurately reflect our current business&#13;operations in the new media and IoT industries. As listed in the table below, these services are provided through the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;wholly-owned PRC subsidiaries, Information Security Technology International Co., Ltd. (&amp;#8220;IST&amp;#8221;), TopCloud Software Co.,&#13;Ltd., (&amp;#8220;TopCloud &amp;#8220;), and Information Security IoT Tech. Co., Ltd. (&amp;#8220;ISIOT ), and through the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;variable interest entity (&amp;#8220;VIE&amp;#8221;), iASPEC Geo Information Technology Co., Ltd. (&amp;#8220;iASPEC&amp;#8221;), and its subsidiaries,&#13;iASPEC Bocom IoT Technology Co. Ltd. (&amp;#8220;Bocom&amp;#8221;), Shenzhen Taoping Internet Tech. Co., Ltd. (&amp;#8220;Taoping&amp;#8221;),&#13;and Shenzhen Biznest Internet Tech. Co., Ltd. (&amp;#8220;Biznest&amp;#8221;), and the Company&amp;#8217;s wholly-owned Hong Kong subsidiaries&#13;Information Security Tech. International Co. Ltd. (&amp;#8220;IST HK&amp;#8221;), and HPC Electronics (China) Co., Limited (&amp;#8220;HPC&#13;&amp;#8221;).&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13; 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(China) Co., Ltd. (IST)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Subsidiary&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shenzhen, China&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;TopCloud Software (China) Co., Ltd. (TopCloud)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Subsidiary&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shenzhen, China&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Information Security IoT Tech. Co., Ltd. (ISIOT)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Subsidiary&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shenzhen, China&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;iASPEC Technology Group Co., Ltd. (iASPEC)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;VIE&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shenzhen, China&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Biznest Internet Tech. Co., Ltd. (Biznest)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;VIE&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shenzhen, China&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shenzhen Taoping Internet Tech. Co., Ltd. (Taoping)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;VIE&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shenzhen, China&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;iASPEC Bocom IoT Tech. Co., Ltd. (Bocom)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;VIE&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shenzhen, China&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Strategic Shift and Business Transformation&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In early 2013, the Company made a strategic&#13;decision to transform its business from servicing the public sector to focusing on the private sector. Leveraging the experience&#13;and expertise in handling large-scale IT projects for the public sector, the Company started investing in research and development&#13;to develop software products for the private sector. In 2014, continuing business transformation, the Company identified four core&#13;markets and provided cloud-based ecosystem solutions to new media, healthcare, education, and residential community management.&#13;In 2014, the Company predominately sold its cloud-based solutions to the Chinese new media industry. Starting from 2015, the Company&#13;further expanded the customer base of cloud-based solutions to education, government and residential community management. In 2016,&#13;the Company grew its industry-specific integrated technology platform, resource exchange, and big data services to elevator IoT&#13;application for residential community customers. From May 2017, the Company has focused its business to provide products and services&#13;in Cloud-App-Terminal (CAT) and Internet of Things (IoT) technology based digital advertising distribution network and new media&#13;resource sharing platform in the Out-of-Home adverting market in China.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;As part of the strategic shift, the&#13;company disposed of its equity ownership in Geo and Zhongtian respectively in 2015.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;On November 6, 2015, iASPEC entered&#13;into an equity transfer agreement with certain individual and institutional purchasers (the &amp;#8220;Transferees&amp;#8221;). Pursuant&#13;to the transfer agreement, iASPEC sold all of its equity ownership of Wuda Geoinformatics Co., Ltd. ( &amp;#8220;Geo&amp;#8221;), which&#13;constituted 54.89% of the total capital stock of Geo, for an aggregate purchase price of RMB 91.3 million (approximately $14.7&#13;million) (the &amp;#8220;Geo Purchase Price&amp;#8221;). Control of Geo was legally transferred to the Transferees on December 4, 2015.&#13;Pursuant to the transfer agreement, the Transferees agreed to pay the Geo Purchase Price in four installments by March 30, 2016,&#13;which has been paid in full.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;On November 9, 2015, iASPEC entered&#13;into an equity transfer agreement with a purchaser (the &amp;#8220;Transferee&amp;#8221;). Pursuant to the transfer agreement, iASPEC sold&#13;all of its equity ownership of Shenzhen iASPEC Zhongtian Software Co., Ltd. (&amp;#8220;Zhongtian&amp;#8221;), which constituted 100% of&#13;total capital stock of Zhongtian for an aggregate of RMB 30.0 million (approximately $4.8 million) (the &amp;#8220;Zhongtian Purchase&#13;Price&amp;#8221;). Control of Zhongtian was legally transferred to the Transferee on November 9, 2015. Pursuant to the transfer agreement,&#13;the Transferee agreed to pay the Zhongtian Purchase Price in three installments by May 31, 2016, which has been paid in full in&#13;2016.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Disposals of Geo and Zhongtian represented&#13;a strategic shift in the Company&amp;#8217;s strategy and would have a major effect on the Company&amp;#8217;s operations and financial&#13;results.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Management Service Agreement&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;iASPEC is a VIE of the Company. To comply&#13;with PRC laws and regulations that restrict foreign ownership of companies that provide public security information technology&#13;and Geographic Information Systems software operating services to certain government and other customers, the Company operates&#13;the restricted aspect of its business through iASPEC.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Pursuant to the terms of a management&#13;service agreement by and among IST, iASPEC and its shareholders, dated July 1, 2007 (&amp;#8220;MSA&amp;#8221;), iASPEC granted IST a ten-year,&#13;exclusive, royalty-free, transferable worldwide license to use and install certain iASPEC software, along with copies of source&#13;and object codes relating to such software. In addition, IST licensed back to iASPEC a royalty-free, limited, non-exclusive license&#13;to the software, without right of sub-license, for the sole purpose of permitting iASPEC to carry out its business as presently&#13;conducted. IST has the right to designate two Chinese citizens to serve as senior managers of iASPEC, to serve as a majority on&#13;iASPEC&amp;#8217;s Board of Directors, and to assist managing the business and operations of iASPEC. In addition, both iASPEC and IST&#13;will require the affirmative vote of a majority of the Company&amp;#8217;s Board of Directors, including at least one non-insider director,&#13;for certain material actions, as defined, with respect to iASPEC.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Option Agreement&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In connection with the MSA, on July&#13;1, 2007, IST also entered into an immediately exercisable purchase option agreement (the &amp;#8220;Option Agreement&amp;#8221;) with iASPEC&#13;and its shareholders. Pursuant to the Option Agreement, the iASPEC shareholder granted IST or its designee(s) an exclusive, irrevocable&#13;option to purchase, from time to time, all or a part of iASPEC&amp;#8217;s shares or iASPEC&amp;#8217;s assets from the iASPEC shareholder&#13;for $1,800,000 in aggregate. The option may not be exercised if the exercise would violate any applicable laws and regulations&#13;in PRC or cause any license or permit held by, and necessary for the operation of iASPEC, to be cancelled or invalidated. The Option&#13;Agreement will terminate on the date that IST exercises its purchase option and acquires all the shares or assets of iASPEC pursuant&#13;to the terms of the Option Agreement. The Option Agreement may be rescinded by IST upon 30 days&amp;#8217; notice without costs to&#13;terminate. The Option Agreement does not have renewal provisions.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Amended and Restated MSA&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Amended and Restated MSA was entered&#13;into on December 13, 2009, by and among IST, iASPEC and iASPEC&amp;#8217;s sole shareholder, Mr. Lin. Pursuant to the Amended and Restated&#13;MSA, IST will provide management and consulting services to iASPEC, under the following terms:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;iASPEC agreed that IST will be entitled to receive ninety five percent (95%) of the Net Received Profit, as defined, of iASPEC during the term of the Agreement. iASPEC is obligated to calculate and pay the Net Received Profit due to IST no later than the last day of the first month following the end of each fiscal quarter. Mr. Lin, agreed to enter into an agreement with IST to pledge all of his equity interests in iASPEC as security for his and iASPEC&amp;#8217;s fulfillment of their respective obligations under the MSA, and to register the pledge agreement with the local AIC (Administration for Industry and Commerce). The Amended and Restated MSA was executed on December 13, 2009. Based on the advice of the Company&amp;#8217;s PRC legal counsel, in January 2010 all the parties to the agreement decided not to enter into a pledge agreement. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Mr. Lin confirmed his status as the sole iASPEC shareholder and his assumption of all of the obligations of the iASPEC shareholder under the agreement, including a confirmation of his continuing obligation under a written guaranty, executed by the then iASPEC shareholders. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Based on iASPEC&amp;#8217;s needs for its development and operation, IST has the right, from time to time, at its sole discretion, to provide iASPEC with capital support. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;IST agreed that it will not interfere with any business of iASPEC covered by iASPEC&amp;#8217;s PRC State Secret related Computer Information System Integration Certificate, including but not limited to, seeking access to relevant documents regarding such business. However, iASPEC agreed that it will cooperate with the requests of the Company as necessary to comply with the Company&amp;#8217;s reporting obligations to the Securities and Exchange Commission. (&amp;#8220;SEC&amp;#8221;). &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;The Amended and Restated MSA amended certain terms of the&#13;original Management Service Agreement which became effective on July 1, 2007 and has a term of 30 years unless otherwise early&#13;termination by the parties by one of the following means:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Either iASPEC or IST may terminate the Amended and Restated MSA immediately (a) upon the material breach by a party of its obligations and the failure of such party to cure such breach within 30 working days after written notice from the non-breaching party; or (b) upon the filing of a voluntary or involuntary petition in bankruptcy by a party, or of which the party is the subject to insolvency, or the commencement of any proceedings placing the party in a receivership, or of any assignment by a party for the benefit of creditors; or &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The Amended and Restated MSA may be terminated at any time by IST upon 90 calendar days&amp;#8217; written notice delivered to all other parties. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Upon any effective date of any termination&#13;of the Amended and Restated MSA: (a) IST will cease providing management services to iASPEC; (ii) IST will deliver to iASPEC all&#13;chops and seals of iASPEC; (iii) IST will deliver to iASPEC all of the financial and other books and records of iASPEC, including&#13;any and all permits, licenses, certificates and other proprietary and operational documents and instruments; (iv) the senior managers&#13;who are recommended by IST and elected as directors of iASPEC will resign from the Board of Directors of iASPEC in a lawful way;&#13;and (v) the software license that iASPEC granted to IST according to the Amended and Restated MSA will terminate unless otherwise&#13;agreed by the parties. In addition, any amounts owing from any party to any other party on the effective date of any termination&#13;under the terms of the Amended and Restated MSA will continue to be due and owing despite such termination.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Amended and Restated MSA does not&#13;have renewal provisions. We expect that the parties to the Amended and Restated MSA will negotiate to extend the term of the agreement&#13;before its expiration.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The substance of the Amended and Restated&#13;MSA and the Option Agreement is to:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 24px; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Allow the Company to utilize the business licenses, contacts, permits, and other resources of iASPEC in order for the Company to be able to expand its operations and business model; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Provide the Company with effective control over all of iASPEC&amp;#8217;s operations; and provide the shareholders of iASPEC an opportunity to monetize a portion of their investment through the $1.8 million purchase option. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Going Concern and Management&amp;#8217;s&#13;Plans&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;For the six months ended June 30, 2018,&#13;the Company earned net income of approximately $2.0 million from continuing operations, compared to $35,000 for the same period&#13;of 2017. The Company reported positive cash flows from operations of approximately $0.6 million for the six months ended June 30,&#13;2018, compared to negative cash flows of $40,000 from operations for the same period of 2017. As of June 30, 2018, the Company&#13;had working capital of $1.6 million, which was a significant improvement over a working capital deficiency of $1.5 million as of&#13;December 31, 2017. The Company had significant accumulated deficit approximately $170.4 million and $172.4 million as of June 30,&#13;2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Continuing the Company&amp;#8217;s business&#13;transformation from providing IT software, hardware, and system integration services to the public sectors to offering cloud-based&#13;ecosystem solutions to the private sectors, management has developed its 2015 business plan which continued to be executed into&#13;2018, encompassing six strategies: 1) redirect the Company&amp;#8217;s resources to selling high-margin software solutions; 2) reinforce&#13;stringent cash collection policies to shorten the Company&amp;#8217;s days of sales outstanding; 3) streamline the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;purchase order management process to reduce inventory; 4) control the Company&amp;#8217;s cost structure; 5) obtain additional government&#13;subsidies for developing new and innovative cloud-based software solutions; and 6) reduce the Company&amp;#8217;s short-term debt burden.&#13;Starting in April 2016, the Company began receiving an annual rental fee of $380,000 from certain third parties for leasing of&#13;its office facility located in Nanshan Industrial Park, Shenzhen. In 2017, the Company has completed its transformation to a leading&#13;products and services provider of CAT and IoT technology based digital advertising distribution network and new media resource&#13;sharing platform in the Out-of-Home Advertising Market in China. In 2017, the Company has become profitable as a result of a successful&#13;transition of the Company&amp;#8217;s business model. In the first half of 2018, the Company continued to expand the market and significantly&#13;increased its revenue and net income to $11.4 million and $2.0 million respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;However, if one or all of these events&#13;do not occur or the Company&amp;#8217;s business strategies are not successful in addressing its current financial concerns, substantial&#13;doubt exists about the Company&amp;#8217;s ability to continue as a going concern. The consolidated financial statements have been&#13;prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern and, accordingly, do not include any adjustments that might&#13;result from the outcome of this uncertainty.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:NatureOfOperations>
    <us-gaap:SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;(a) Basis of Presentation and Principles&#13;of Consolidation&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The consolidated financial statements&#13;as of June 30, 2018 and for the six month periods ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 are unaudited. The accompanying unaudited consolidated&#13;financial statements have been prepared by the Company in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United&#13;States of America (&amp;#8220;U.S. GAAP&amp;#8221;) for interim financial reporting. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting&#13;of normal recurring adjustments) have been made that are necessary to present fairly the financial position, the results of its&#13;operations and cash flows. Operating results as presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for a full&#13;year. These financial statements and related notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto&#13;included in the Company&amp;#8217;s Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2017 filed on March 30, 2018 with the Securities and&#13;Exchange Commission.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The consolidated financial statements&#13;include the accounts of the Company, its subsidiaries, and its VIE for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. All significant&#13;intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;(b) Use of Estimates&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The preparation of the consolidated&#13;financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and&#13;assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the&#13;date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;significant estimates include its accounts receivable, warrants liability, fair value of stock options, valuation allowance of&#13;deferred tax assets, and other intangible assets. Management makes these estimates using the best information available at the&#13;time the estimates are made; however actual results could differ from those estimates.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;(c) Economic and Political Risks&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;All the Company&amp;#8217;s revenue-generating&#13;operations are conducted in the PRC. Accordingly, the Company&amp;#8217;s business, financial condition and results of operations may&#13;be influenced by the political, economic and legal environments in the PRC, and by the general state of the PRC economy. The Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;operations in the PRC are subject to special considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in North&#13;America and Western Europe. These include risks associated with, among others, the political, economic and legal environments and&#13;foreign currency exchange. The Company&amp;#8217;s financial results may be adversely affected by changes in the political and social&#13;conditions in the PRC, and by changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures,&#13;currency conversion, remittances abroad, and rates and methods of taxation.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;(d) Cash and Cash Equivalents&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company considers all highly liquid&#13;investments purchased and cash deposits with financial institutions with original maturities of three months or less to be cash&#13;equivalents. The Company had no cash equivalents as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company maintains its cash accounts&#13;at credit worthy financial institutions and closely monitors the movements of its cash positions. As of June 30, 2018 and December&#13;31, 2017, approximately $3.0 million and $3.2 million of cash, respectively, was held in bank accounts in the PRC.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;(e) Accounts Receivable, Accounts&#13;Receivable &amp;#8211;related parties, and Concentration of Risk&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Accounts receivable are recognized and&#13;carried at invoiced amount less an allowance for any uncollectible accounts, if any. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful&#13;accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. The Company reviews the&#13;collectability of its receivables on an ongoing basis. After all attempts to collect a receivable have failed, the receivable is&#13;written off against the allowance.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company evaluates the creditworthiness&#13;of all of its customers individually before accepting them and continuously monitors the recoverability of accounts receivable.&#13;If there are any indicators that a customer may not make payment, the Company may consider making provision for non-collectability&#13;for that particular customer. At the same time, the Company may cease further sales or services to such customer. The following&#13;are some of the factors that the Company considers in determining whether to discontinue sales or record an allowance:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 95%; text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;the customer fails to comply with its payment schedule; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;the customer is in serious financial difficulty; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;a significant dispute with the customer has occurred regarding job progress or other matters; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;the customer breaches any of the contractual obligations; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;the customer appears to be financially distressed due to economic or legal factors; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;the business between the customer and the Company is not active; and &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;other objective evidence indicates non-collectability of the accounts receivable. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company considers the following&#13;factors when determining whether to permit a longer payment period or provide other concessions to customers:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 95%; text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;the customer&amp;#8217;s past payment history; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;the customer&amp;#8217;s general risk profile, including factors such as the customer&amp;#8217;s size, age, and public or private status; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;macroeconomic conditions that may affect a customer&amp;#8217;s ability to pay; and &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;the relative importance of the customer relationship to the Company&amp;#8217;s business. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Since May 2017, the Company entered&#13;into a series of contracts with Shenzhen Taoping New Media, Ltd.(&amp;#8220;Shenzhen Taoping&amp;#8221;) and its affiliates for the sale&#13;of the Company&amp;#8217;s Cloud-Application-Terminal based digital ads display terminals, software and technical services. Shenzhen&#13;Taoping is a company controlled by Mr. Lin.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Accounts receivable as at June 30, 2018 and December 31,&#13;2017 are as follows:&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;June 30,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;December 31,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Accounts Receivable&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;9,808,594&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;8,249,457&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Allowance for doubtful accounts&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(2,884,899&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(2,981,705&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Accounts Receivable &amp;#8211; Net&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;6,923,695&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5,267,752&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Accounts Receivable-related parties&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;7,389,359&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;4,872,743&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The allowance for doubtful accounts&#13;at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, totaled approximately $2.9 million and $3.0 million, respectively, representing management&amp;#8217;s&#13;best estimate. The following table describes the movements in the allowance for doubtful accounts during the six month period ended&#13;June 30, 2018 and the year ended December 31, 2017:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 79%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance at January 1, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,625,765&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Increase in allowance for doubtful accounts&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;180,305&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Foreign exchange difference&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;175,635&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance at December 31, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,981,705&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Increase in allowance for doubtful accounts&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;28,155&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Amounts recovered during the period&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(74,446&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Foreign exchange difference&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(50,515&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance at June 30, 2018 (Unaudited)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,884,899&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;(f) Advances to Suppliers&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;Advances to suppliers represent cash deposits for the purchase&#13;of inventory items from suppliers.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;(g) Advances from Customers and related parties&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Advances from customers and related&#13;parties represent cash received from customers and related parties as advance payments for the purchases of the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;products and services.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;h) Fair Value and Fair Value Measurement of Financial Instruments&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Management has estimated that the carrying&#13;amounts of non-related party financial instruments approximate fair values for all periods presented due to their short-term maturities.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;Fair Value Accounting&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Financial Accounting Standards Board&#13;(FASB) Accounting Standards Codifications (ASC) 820-10 &amp;#8220;Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures&amp;#8221;, establishes a fair&#13;value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest&#13;priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest&#13;priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). As required by FASB ASC 820-10, assets are classified in their entirety&#13;based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy&#13;under FASB ASC 820-10 are described below:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Level 1 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 90%; text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Level 2 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability; and &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Level 3 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (supported by little or no market activity). &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;The following tables present the fair value hierarchy of&#13;those assets and liabilities measured at fair value:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;Recurring fair value measurements:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="18" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Fair Value Measurements Using&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Quoted&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Prices in&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Active&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Total Gains&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Markets&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Significant&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Losses) for&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;for&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Other&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Significant&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;the year&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;As of&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Identical&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13; 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   &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Liabilities&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Inputs&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Inputs&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13; 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   &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 11%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 11%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 11%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 11%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,719&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total recurring fair value measurements&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;3,719&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;As of December 31, 2017, the Company&#13;measured the fair value of its derivative liability related to warrants using a binomial or lattice model for warrants A. Series&#13;A warrants expired on May 27, 2018 without exercise. Series B warrants have been fully exercised as of December 31, 2016. The following&#13;tables reflect the quantitative information about recurring Level 3 fair value measurements:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Series A&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Warrants&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;December 31, 2017:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 79%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Annual volatility&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;56.13&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Risk-free rate&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.46&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Dividend rate&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.00&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Contractual term&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.4 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Closing price of ordinary shares&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.48&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Conversion/exercise price&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;7.73&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The warrants liability is considered&#13;a Level 3 liability on the fair value hierarchy as the determination of fair values includes various assumptions about future activities,&#13;stock price, and historical volatility inputs. Significant unobservable inputs for the Level 3 warrants liability include (1) the&#13;estimated probability of the occurrence of a down round financing during the term over which the related warrants are exercisable,&#13;(2) the estimated magnitude of the down round, and (3) the estimated magnitude of any net cash fractional share settlement. Significant&#13;increases or decreases in any of those inputs in isolation would result in a significantly different fair value measurement.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;(i) Inventories&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Inventories are valued at the lower&#13;of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the expected selling price in the ordinary course of business minus any&#13;costs of completion, disposal, and transportation to make the sale.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company performs an analysis of&#13;slow-moving or obsolete inventory periodically and any necessary valuation reserves, which could potentially be significant, are&#13;included in the period in which the evaluations are completed. Any inventory impairment results in a new cost basis for accounting&#13;purposes.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(j) Property, plant and equipment&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Property, plant and equipment are stated&#13;at cost less accumulated amortization and depreciation. Amortization and depreciation is provided over the assets&amp;#8217; estimated&#13;useful lives, using the straight-line method. Estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 79%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Office buildings&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;20-50 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Plant and machinery&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3-20 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Electronics equipment, furniture and fixtures&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3-5 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Motor vehicles&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Purchased software&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3-10 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Maintenance and repairs costs are expensed&#13;as incurred, whereas significant renewals and betterments are capitalized.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(k) Intangible assets&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Intangible assets represent technology,&#13;and software development costs and trademarks capitalized by the Company&amp;#8217;s subsidiaries.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Intangible assets are stated at acquisition&#13;fair value or cost less accumulated amortization, and amortized using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful&#13;lives:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 79%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Software development costs&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3-5 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Trademarks&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;(l) Goodwill&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;ASC 350-30-50, &amp;#8220;Goodwill and Other&#13;Intangible Assets&amp;#8221;, requires the testing of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at least annually.&#13;The Company tests goodwill for impairment in the fourth quarter each year or earlier if an indicator of impairment exists.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Under applicable accounting guidance,&#13;the goodwill impairment analysis is a two-step test. The first step of the goodwill impairment test involves comparing the fair&#13;value of each reporting unit with its carrying amount including goodwill. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying&#13;amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is considered not impaired; however, if the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds&#13;its fair value, the second step must be performed to measure potential impairment.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The second step involves calculating&#13;an implied fair value of goodwill for each reporting unit for which the first step indicated possible impairment. If the implied&#13;fair value of goodwill exceeds the goodwill assigned to the reporting unit, there is no impairment. If the goodwill assigned to&#13;a reporting unit exceeds the implied fair value of goodwill, an impairment charge is recorded for the excess.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(m) Impairment of Long-Lived Assets&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Long-lived assets held and used by the&#13;Company are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of assets may&#13;not be recoverable. It is reasonably possible that these assets could become impaired as a result of technology or other industry&#13;changes. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is determined by comparing their carrying amount with their expected future&#13;net undiscounted future cash flows from the assets. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized&#13;is measured by how much the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the assets. Assets held for disposal, if any, are reported&#13;at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(n) Derivative liability - Warrants&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The classification of derivative instruments,&#13;including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is determined and re-assessed at the end of&#13;each reporting period, in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815, &amp;#8220;Derivatives and Hedging&amp;#8221;. This guidance affects the&#13;accounting for warrants issued acquiring the Company&amp;#8217;s ordinary shares that contain provisions to protect warrant holders&#13;from a decline in the stock price, referred to as down-round protection. Down-round provisions reduce the exercise price of a warrant,&#13;if the company either issues equity shares for a price that is lower than the exercise price of the warrants, or issues convertible&#13;instruments with a conversion price per equity share that is less than the exercise price of the warrants, or issues new warrants&#13;or options that have a lower exercise price. For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative&#13;instrument is initially recorded at its fair value and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value&#13;charged to earning or loss. The Company generally uses a binomial or lattice model and Monte-Carlo simulation to value the warrants&#13;at inception and subsequent valuation dates. Derivative instrument liabilities are classified in the balance sheet as current or&#13;non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement of the derivative instrument could be required within 12 months of the&#13;balance sheet date.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(o) Revenue Recognition&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Beginning January 1, 2018, the Company&#13;has adopted the ASU 2014-09, Topic 606, &amp;#8220;Revenue from Contracts with Customers&amp;#8221; and its related amendments (collectively&#13;referred to as &amp;#8220;FASB ASC 606&amp;#8221;) for its new revenue recognition accounting policy that depicts the transfer of promised&#13;goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange&#13;for those goods or services. The adoption of the new revenue recognition standard has no impact on the Company&amp;#8217;s consolidated&#13;financial statements for any periods prior to 2018. Therefore prior period amounts are not adjusted.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company generates its revenues primarily&#13;from four sources: (1) hardware sales, (2) software subscription, (3) software sales, and (4) system integration. Revenue is recognized&#13;when obligations under the terms of a contract with our customers are satisfied; and generally occurs upon delivery of the goods&#13;and services.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Hardware sales&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Hardware revenues are generated primarily&#13;from the sale of Cloud-Application-Terminal based digital ads display terminals with integrated software essential to the functionality&#13;of the hardware to our customers (inclusive of related parties). Although manufacturing of the hardware has been outsourced to&#13;the Company&amp;#8217;s OEM suppliers, the Company has acted as the principal of the contract. The Company has indicated that it may&#13;from time to time provide future unspecified software upgrades to the hardware products&amp;#8217; essential software, which is expected&#13;to be infrequent and, free of charge. Non-software services is mainly the one-time training session provided to the customer to&#13;familiarize them with the software operation upon the customer&amp;#8217;s initial introduction to the software platform. The costs&#13;of providing infrequent software upgrade and training provided to the customer for familiarizing the software operations are immaterial.&#13;As a result, the Company does not allocate transaction price to software upgrade and customer training. Hardware sales are classified&#13;as &amp;#8220;Revenue-Products&amp;#8221; on the Company&amp;#8217;s consolidated statement of operations.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Software Sales&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Customers in the private sector contract&#13;the Company to design and develop software products specifically customized for their needs for a fixed price. Software development&#13;projects usually include developing software, integrating various isolated software systems into one, and testing the system. The&#13;design and build services, together with the integration of the various elements, are generally determined to be essential to the&#13;functionality of the delivered software. The contracted price is usually paid in installments based on progression of the project&#13;or at the delivery of the software. The Company usually provides non-software services including after-sale support, technical&#13;training. The technical training only occurs at the introduction of the software. The software is highly specialized and stable,&#13;after-sale support and subsequent upgrade or enhancement are infrequent. The Company has estimated the costs associated with the&#13;non-software performance obligations and concludes that these obligations are immaterial to the overall contract. Therefore, the&#13;Company does not further allocate transaction price.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company usually completes the customized&#13;software contracts less than 12 months and recognizes the revenue at the point of delivery because the Company does not have an&#13;enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date. Revenues from software development contracts are classified as&#13;&amp;#8220;Revenue-Software&amp;#8221; on the Company&amp;#8217;s consolidated statement of operations.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;System Integration Services&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;System integration revenues are generated&#13;from fixed-price contracts which combine both customized software development and integration, and non-customized hardware. System&#13;integration projects usually include the purchase of hardware, software development, and integration of various systems into one,&#13;and test of the system. Customers are billed in accordance with contract terms, which typically require a partial payment at the&#13;signing of the contract, partial payment upon delivery and customer acceptance, with the remainder due within a stated period of&#13;time not exceeding 12 months.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;As a result of the Company&amp;#8217;s business&#13;transformation from a traditional IT business solution provider to a provider of integrated Cloud-Application-Terminal based products&#13;and services, system integration services have been phased out. Collection of residual contract transaction prices from the previously&#13;completed performance obligations only accounted for about 2% of the Company&amp;#8217;s 2017 consolidated revenue. System integration&#13;services generated no revenue for the first six months of 2018, and will further diminish in 2018 and beyond. Therefore, system&#13;integration services will have immaterial impact, if not at all, to the Company&amp;#8217;s revenue recognition upon adoption of ASA&#13;606.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Other revenue comprises revenue generates&#13;from other hardware maintenance services, and miscellaneous income. Revenue recognition and performance obligations are satisfied&#13;upon competition of the services. No contract costs associate with elements of other revenue.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Contract balances&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;We record advances from customers when&#13;cash payments are received or due in advance of our performance. For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company recognized&#13;revenue of $736,000 and $1,379,000, respectively, that was included in the advances from customers balance at the beginning of&#13;each reporting period.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Practical expedients and exemptions&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;We generally expense sales commissions&#13;if any incurred because the amortization period would have been one year or less. In many cases, the Company is approached by customers&#13;for customizing software products for their specific needs without incurring significant selling expenses.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied&#13;performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;(p) Treasury Stock&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company repurchases its ordinary&#13;shares from time to time in the open market and holds such shares as treasury stock. The Company applies the &amp;#8220;cost method&amp;#8221;&#13;and presents the cost to repurchase such shares as a reduction in equity.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;(q) Stock-based compensation&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company applies ASC No. 718, &amp;#8220;Compensation-Stock&#13;Compensation&amp;#8221;, which requires that share-based payment transactions with employees, such as share options, be measured based&#13;on the grant date fair value of the equity instrument and recognized as compensation expense over the requisite service period,&#13;with a corresponding addition to equity. Under this method, compensation cost related to employee share options or similar equity&#13;instruments is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized over the period during which an&#13;employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award, which generally is the vesting period.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company applies ASC 505-50, &amp;#8220;Equity-Based&#13;Payments to Nonemployee&amp;#8221;, which requires that share-based payment transactions with nonemployees, such as share options,&#13;be measured at the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, whichever can be&#13;more reliably measured. The fair value of the equity instrument is recognized as compensation expense over the requisite service&#13;period, with a corresponding addition to equity. Under this method, compensation cost related to nonemployee share options or similar&#13;equity instruments is measured at the measurement date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized over the period specified&#13;in the service agreement or the performance conditions being achieved in the same manner as of the Company had paid cash for the&#13;services.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;During the six months ended June 30,&#13;2018 and 2017, the Company recognized approximately $312,000 and $247,000, respectively, of compensation expense. See Note 16(c).&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;(r) Foreign Currency Translation&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The functional currency of the US and&#13;BVI companies is the United States dollar. The functional currency of the Company&amp;#8217;s Hong Kong subsidiaries is the Hong Kong&#13;dollar.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The functional currency of the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;wholly-owned PRC subsidiaries and its VIE is the Chinese Renminbi Yuan, (&amp;#8220;RMB&amp;#8221;). RMB is not freely convertible into&#13;foreign currencies. The Company&amp;#8217;s PRC subsidiaries&amp;#8217; and their VIE&amp;#8217;s financial statements are maintained in the&#13;functional currency. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated&#13;into the functional currency at rates of exchange prevailing at the balance sheet date. Transactions denominated in currencies&#13;other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of&#13;the transactions. Exchange gains or losses arising from foreign currency transactions are included in the determination of net&#13;loss for the respective periods.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;For financial reporting purposes, the&#13;financial statements of the Company have been translated into United States dollars. Assets and liabilities are translated at exchange&#13;rates at the balance sheet dates, revenue and expenses are translated at average exchange rates, and equity is translated at historical&#13;exchange rates. Any resulting translation adjustments are not included in determining net income but are included in other comprehensive&#13;loss, a component of equity.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;The exchange rates adopted are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 55%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Period-end RMB to US$ exchange rate&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;6.6205&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;6.5084&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;6.7780&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Average yearly RMB to US$ exchange rate&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;6.7561&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Average six months RMB to US$ exchange rate&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;6.3688&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;6.8758&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;No representation is made that the RMB&#13;amounts could have been, or could be, converted into United States dollars at the rates used in translation.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(s) Research &amp;#38; Development Expenses&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company follows the guidance in&#13;FASB ASC 985-20, Cost of Software to Be Sold, Leased or Marketed, regarding software development costs to be sold, leased, or otherwise&#13;marketed.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;FASB ASC 985-20-25 requires research&#13;and development costs for software development to be expensed as incurred until the software model is technologically feasible.&#13;Technological feasibility is established when the enterprise has completed all planning, designing, coding, testing, and identification&#13;of risks activities necessary to establish that the product can be produced to meet its design specifications, features, functions,&#13;technical performance requirements. A certain amount of judgment and estimation is required to assess when technological feasibility&#13;is established, as well as the ongoing assessment of the recoverability of capitalized costs. The Company&amp;#8217;s products reach&#13;technological feasibility shortly before the products are released and sold to the public. Therefore research and development costs&#13;are generally expensed as incurred.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(t) Subsidy Income&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Subsidy income mainly represents income&#13;received from various local governmental agencies in China for developing high technology products in the fields designated by&#13;the government as new and highly innovative. We have no continuing obligation under the subsidy provision.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(u) Sales, use, other value-added taxes,&#13;and Income Taxes&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Revenue is recorded net of applicable&#13;sales, use, and value-added taxes.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Income taxes are provided on an asset&#13;and liability approach for financial accounting and reporting of income taxes. Deferred income taxes are recognized for all significant&#13;temporary differences at enacted rates and classified as non-current in the financial statements. A valuation allowance is provided&#13;to reduce the amount of deferred tax assets if it is considered more likely than not that some portion, or all of, the deferred&#13;tax assets will not be realized. The Company classifies interest and/or penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits, if any,&#13;as a component of income tax expense.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company applies the provisions of&#13;ASC No. 740 &amp;#8220;Income Taxes&amp;#8221; (&amp;#8220;ASC 740&amp;#8221;), which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes&#13;recognized by prescribing a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement&#13;of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC 740 also provides accounting guidance on de-recognition, classification,&#13;interest and penalties, and disclosure.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(v) Discontinued Operations&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In accordance with &amp;#8220;ASU 2014-08,&#13;Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205) and Property, Plant and Equipment (Topic 360): Reporting Discontinued Operations&#13;and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity&amp;#8221;, a discontinued operation must represent a strategic shift that&#13;has or will have a major effect on an entity&amp;#8217;s operations and financial results. Examples could include a disposal of a major&#13;line of business, a major geographical area, a major equity method investment, or other major parts of an entity. The revised standard&#13;also allows an entity to have certain continuing cash flows or involvement with the component after the disposal. Additionally,&#13;the standard requires expanded disclosures about discontinued operations that will provide financial statement users with more&#13;information about the assets, liabilities, income, and expenses of discontinued operations.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(w) Segment reporting&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Segment information is consistent with&#13;how management reviews the businesses, makes investing and resource allocation decisions and assesses operating performance. Transfers&#13;and sales between reportable segments, if any, are recorded at cost.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company reports financial and operating&#13;information in the following two segments:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 5%; text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(a) &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Cloud-based Technology (CBT) segment &amp;#8212; The CBT segment is the Company&amp;#8217;s current and future focus for corporate development. It includes the Company&amp;#8217;s cloud-based products and services sold to private sectors including new media, healthcare, education, and residential community management. In this segment, the Company generates revenues from the sales of hardware and software total solutions with proprietary software and content. Starting in the fourth quarter of 2014, the Company also began to generate additional revenue from monthly software licensing and Software-as-a Service (SaaS) fees. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 5%; text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(b) &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Traditional Information Technology (TIT) segment &amp;#8212;The TIT segment includes the Company&amp;#8217;s project-based technology products and services sold to the public sector. The solutions the Company has sold primarily include Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Digital Public Security Technology (DPST), and Digital Hospital Information Systems (DHIS). In this segment, the Company generates revenues from sales of software and system integration services.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;(y) Recent Accounting Pronouncements&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU&#13;2016-02, &amp;#8220;ASC 842-10-65-1, Leases (Topic 842)&amp;#8221;. The guidance requires, with the exception of short-term leases, a lease&#13;liability, which is a lessee&amp;#8217;s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and&#13;a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee&amp;#8217;s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset&#13;for the lease term. Under the new guidance, lessor accounting is largely unchanged. Certain targeted improvements were made to&#13;align, where necessary, lessor accounting with the lessee accounting model and Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.&#13;The guidance requires prospective application for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and early adoption is permitted.&#13;Lessees (for capital and operating leases) and lessors (for sales-type, direct financing, and operating leases) must apply a modified&#13;retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period&#13;presented in the financial statements. The modified retrospective approach would not require any transition accounting for leases&#13;that expired before the earliest comparative period presented. Lessees and lessors may not apply a full retrospective transition&#13;approach. The Company expects to adopt the standard January 2019. Adoption of ASU 2016-2 is not expected to have material impact&#13;on the consolidated financial statements.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In January 2017, the FASB issued 2017-04,&#13;&amp;#8220;ASC 350-20-65-3, Intangibles &amp;#8211; Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment.&amp;#8221;&#13;The new guidance eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. The annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test is performed&#13;by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An impairment charge should be recognized for the amount&#13;by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit&amp;#8217;s fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the&#13;total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. In addition, income tax effects from any tax deductible goodwill on&#13;the carrying amount of the reporting unit should be considered when measuring the goodwill impairment loss, if applicable. The&#13;new guidance also eliminates the requirements for any reporting unit with a zero or negative carrying amount to perform a qualitative&#13;assessment and, if it fails that qualitative test, to perform Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test. An entity still has the option&#13;to perform the qualitative assessment for a reporting unit to determine if the quantitative impairment test is necessary. The new&#13;update is effective for annual or any interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early&#13;adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. ASU 2017-04&#13;should be adopted on a prospective basis. Adoption of ASU 2017-04 is not expected to have material impact to the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;consolidated financial statements.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-11,&amp;#8220;Earnings&#13;Per Share (Topic 260); Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480); Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): (Part I) Accounting&#13;for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features, (Part II) Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral for Mandatorily Redeemable&#13;Financial Instruments of Certain Nonpublic Entities and Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Non-controlling Interests with a Scope Exception.&amp;#8221;&#13;&amp;#8220;These amendments simplify the accounting for certain financial instruments with down round features. The amendments require&#13;companies to disregard the down round feature when assessing whether the instrument is indexed to its own stock, for purposes of&#13;determining liability or equity classification. Companies that provide earnings per share (EPS) data will adjust their basic EPS&#13;calculation for the effect of the feature when triggered (i.e., when the exercise price of the related equity-linked financial&#13;instrument is adjusted downward because of the down round feature) and will also recognize the effect of the trigger within equity.&#13;The amendments also address navigational concerns within the FASB Accounting Standards Codification&amp;#174; related to an indefinite&#13;deferral available to private companies with mandatorily redeemable financial instruments and certain non-controlling interests,&#13;one that created significant &amp;#8220;pending content&amp;#8221; in the Codification. The FASB decided to reclassify the indefinite deferral&#13;as a scope exception, which does not have an accounting effect. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December&#13;15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Adoption of ASU 2017-11 will not have material effect to the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;consolidated financial statements.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU&#13;2018-2,&amp;#8221; Income Statement&amp;#8212;Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from&#13;Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income&amp;#8221;. &amp;#8220;These amendments provide financial statement preparers with an option to&#13;reclassify stranded tax effects within AOCI to retained earnings in each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal&#13;corporate income tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (or portion thereof) is recorded. The ASU requires financial statement preparers&#13;to disclose: -A description of the accounting policy for releasing income tax effects from AOCI; -Whether they elect to reclassify&#13;the stranded income tax effects from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act; and -Information about the other income tax effects that are reclassified.&#13;The amendments affect any organization that is required to apply the provisions of Topic 220, Income Statement&amp;#8212;Reporting&#13;Comprehensive Income, and has items of other comprehensive income for which the related tax effects are presented in other comprehensive&#13;income as required by GAAP.&amp;#8221; Effective for all organizations for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim&#13;periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. Organizations should apply the proposed amendments either in the&#13;period of adoption or retrospectively to each period (or periods) in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate&#13;income tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act is recognized. Adoption of ASU 2018-2 is not expected to have material impact on the&#13;consolidated financial statements.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-9,&#13;&amp;#8220;Codification Improvements&amp;#8221;. These amendments represent changes to clarify, correct errors in, or make minor improvements&#13;to the Codification, eliminating inconsistencies and providing clarifications in current guidance. The amendments in this ASU include&#13;those made to: Subtopic 220-10, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Overall; Subtopic 718-740, Compensation-Stock Compensation-Income&#13;Taxes; Subtopic 805-740, Business Combinations-Income Taxes; Subtopic 820-10, Fair Value Measurement-Overall; and others. &amp;#8220;The&#13;transition and effective date guidance is based on the facts and circumstances of each amendment. Some of the amendments do not&#13;require transition guidance and will be effective upon issuance. However, many of the amendments do have transition guidance with&#13;effective dates for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, for public business entities. There are some conforming amendments&#13;that have been made to recently issued guidance that is not yet effective that may require application of the transition and effective&#13;date guidance in the original ASU.&amp;#8221; Adoption of ASU 2018-9 is not expected to have material impact on the consolidated financial&#13;statements.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU&#13;2018-13,&amp;#8221; Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework&amp;#8212;Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair&#13;Value Measurement.&amp;#8221; &amp;#8220;These amendments modify the disclosure requirements in Topic 820 as follows: Removals -The amount&#13;of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy; -The policy for timing of transfers between&#13;levels; -The valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements; and -For nonpublic entities, the changes in unrealized gains&#13;and losses for the period included in earnings for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period.&#13;Modifications -In lieu of a rollforward for Level 3 fair value measurements, a nonpublic entity is required to disclose transfers&#13;into and out of Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy and purchases and issues of Level 3 assets and liabilities; -For investments&#13;in certain entities that calculate net asset value, an entity is required to disclose the timing of liquidation of an investee&amp;#8217;s&#13;assets and the date when restrictions from redemption might lapse only if the investee has communicated the timing to the entity&#13;or announced the timing publicly; and -The amendments clarify that the measurement uncertainty disclosure is to communicate information&#13;about the uncertainty in measurement as of the reporting date. Additions -The changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period&#13;included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period; and&#13;- The range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. For certain&#13;unobservable inputs, an entity may disclose other quantitative information (such as the median or arithmetic average) in lieu of&#13;the weighted average if the entity determines that other quantitative information would be a more reasonable and rational method&#13;to reflect the distribution of unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements.&amp;#8221; &amp;#8220;For all entities,&#13;amendments are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The&#13;amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to&#13;develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively&#13;for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should&#13;be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. Early adoption is permitted. An entity is permitted&#13;to early adopt any removed or modified disclosures upon issuance of ASU No. 2018-13 and delay adoption of the additional disclosures&#13;until their effective date.&amp;#8221; Adoption of ASU 2018-13 is not expected to have material impact on the consolidated financial&#13;statements.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU&#13;2018-15, &amp;#8220;Intangibles&amp;#8212;Goodwill and Other&amp;#8212;Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer&amp;#8217;s Accounting&#13;for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract.&amp;#8221; These amendments align the&#13;requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements&#13;for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include&#13;an internal use software license). The accounting for the service element of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract is&#13;not affected by these amendments. &amp;#8220;For public business entities, the amendments are effective for annual periods, including&#13;interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2019. For all other entities, the amendments are effective&#13;for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods in annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021.&#13;Early adoption is permitted.&amp;#8221; Adoption of ASU 2018-13 is not expected to have material impact on the consolidated financial&#13;statements.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company has considered all other&#13;recently issued accounting pronouncements and does not believe that such pronouncements will apply to the consolidated financial&#13;statements.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;3. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITY&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company is the primary beneficiary&#13;of iASPEC, pursuant to the Amended and Restated MSA. iASPEC is qualified as a variable interest entity of the Company and is subject&#13;to consolidation. Accordingly, the assets and liabilities and revenues and expenses of iASPEC have been included in the accompanying&#13;consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, (i) the ownership structure of the Company, and the VIEs are in&#13;compliance with existing PRC laws and regulations; (ii) the contractual arrangements with the VIEs and its shareholder are valid&#13;and binding, and do not result in any violation of PRC laws or regulations currently in effect; and (iii) the Company&amp;#8217;s business&#13;operations are in compliance with existing PRC laws and regulations in all material respects.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;However, there are substantial uncertainties&#13;regarding the interpretation and application of current and future PRC laws and regulations. China&amp;#8217;s legal system is a civil&#13;law system based on written statutes and unlike common law systems. It is a system in which decided legal cases have little value&#13;as precedent. As a result, China&amp;#8217;s administrative and judicial authorities have significant discretion in interpreting and&#13;implementing statutory and contractual terms. Thus, it may be more difficult to evaluate the outcome of administrative and judicial&#13;proceedings and the level of legal protection available than in more developed legal systems. Accordingly, the Company cannot be&#13;assured that PRC regulatory authorities will not ultimately take a contrary view to its opinion with respect to the contractual&#13;arrangements with its VIEs. Because all of these contractual arrangements are governed by the PRC laws and provide for the resolution&#13;of disputes through arbitration in the PRC, these contracts would be interpreted in accordance with the PRC laws and any dispute&#13;would be resolved in accordance with the PRC legal procedures. If the VIEs or their respective shareholders fail to perform their&#13;respective obligations under the contractual arrangements, of which they are a party, the Company may have to incur substantial&#13;costs and resources to enforce its rights under the contracts and rely on legal remedies under the PRC laws, which may not be sufficient&#13;or effective. Under the PRC laws, rulings by arbitrators are final; parties cannot appeal the arbitration results in courts; and&#13;the prevailing parties may only enforce the arbitration awards in the PRC courts through arbitration award recognition proceedings,&#13;which would cause the Company to incur additional expenses and delays. As a result, uncertainties in the PRC legal system could&#13;limit the Company&amp;#8217;s ability to enforce these contractual arrangements. In the event the Company is unable to enforce these&#13;contractual arrangements, it may not be able to exert effective control over the VIEs, and its ability to conduct its business&#13;may be negatively affected.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In addition, if the PRC government determines&#13;that the Company is not in compliance with applicable laws, it may revoke the Company&amp;#8217;s business and operating licenses,&#13;and require the Company to discontinue or restrict its operations, deconsolidate the Company&amp;#8217;s interests in the VIEs, restrict&#13;its right to collect revenues. The PRC government may require the Company to restructure its operations, impose additional conditions,&#13;of which the Company may not be able to comply, impose restrictions on the Company&amp;#8217;s business operations or on its customers,&#13;or take other regulatory or enforcement actions against the Company that could be harmful to its business. The Company believes&#13;that the contractual arrangements with its VIEs are in compliance with current PRC laws and are legally enforceable. In the opinion&#13;of management, the likelihood of loss in respect to the Company&amp;#8217;s current ownership structure or the contractual arrangements&#13;with VIEs is remote based on current facts and circumstances.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In order to facilitate iASPEC&amp;#8217;s&#13;expansion and provide financing for iASPEC to complete the acquisition of Geo, the Company advanced RMB38.0 million (approximately&#13;$5.4 million) to iASPEC in two installments in 2007 and 2008 for increase of iASPEC&amp;#8217;s registered capital. In order to comply&#13;with PRC laws and regulations, the advance was made to Mr. Lin, iASPEC&amp;#8217;s then majority shareholder, who, then upon the authority&#13;and direction of the Board of Directors, forwarded the funds to iASPEC. The Company has recorded the advance of these funds as&#13;an interest-free loan to iASPEC, which was eliminated against additional capital of iASPEC in the Company&amp;#8217;s consolidated&#13;financial statements. The increase in iASPEC&amp;#8217;s registered capital does not affect IST&amp;#8217;s exclusive option to purchase&#13;iASPEC&amp;#8217;s assets and shares under the MSA.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;For the six months ended June 30, 2018&#13;and 2017, net income of $ 168,219 and net loss of $ 20,264 respectively, have been attributed to non-controlling interest in the&#13;consolidated statements of operations of the Company.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Government licenses, permits and certificates&#13;represent substantially all of the unrecognized revenue-producing assets held by the VIEs. Recognized revenue-producing assets&#13;held by the VIEs consist of property, plant and equipment, and intangible assets.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;The VIE&amp;#8217;s assets and liabilities were as follows as&#13;of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total current assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;15,988,856&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;12,989,673&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Property, plant and equipment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,084,455&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,283,672&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Intangible assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;358,217&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;776,405&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Non-current assets from discontinued operations&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;24,629,085&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;22,248,087&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Intercompany payable to the WFOE&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;13,809,458&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;13,851,481&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total current liabilities&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;27,504,894&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;28,571,686&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total liabilities&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;27,504,894&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;28,571,686&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total equity&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(2,875,809&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(6,323,599&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock>
    <TAOP:DisposalOfConsolidatedEntitiesTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;4. DISPOSALS OF CONDOLIDATED ENTITIES&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;On March 31, 2016, the Company disposed&#13;of Information Security Software Investment Limited (&amp;#8220;ISSI&amp;#8221;), a wholly-owned subsidiary, to an unrelated third party.&#13;On August 1, 2016, the Company also disposed of Dongguan Information Security Technology (China) Co., Ltd. (&amp;#8220;IST DG&amp;#8221;)&#13;to an unrelated third party. Both IST DG and ISSI were holding companies. The Company divested these two subsidiaries as being&#13;determined that they were no longer necessities for the organization. There was no consideration exchanged for the disposals that&#13;resulted in a total loss of approximately $0.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2016. In accordance with ASC 810-10-40,&#13;Deconsolidation of a Subsidiary, the Company derecognized the net assets associated with ISSI and IST DG on March 31, 2016 and&#13;on August 1, 2016, respectively, when the Company ceased to have controlling financial interest in these entities.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;After various re-organizations by the&#13;Company, HPC was no longer affiliating, serving, or controlling any of the Company&amp;#8217;s subsidiaries, and dissolved on December&#13;22, 2017. The dissolution of HPC did not result in any gain or loss for the year ended December 31, 2017.&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</TAOP:DisposalOfConsolidatedEntitiesTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;5. EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed&#13;by dividing earnings (loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding during&#13;the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur, if securities or other contracts&#13;to issue ordinary shares were exercised or converted into ordinary shares, or resulted in the issuance of ordinary shares that&#13;shared in the earnings of the entity.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;Components of basic and diluted earnings per share were as&#13;follows for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Six Months&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Six Months&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ended&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ended&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30, 2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30, 2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Numerator:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 58%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Net income attributable to the Company&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,004,697&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;34,697&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Denominator:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Weighted average outstanding ordinary shares-Basic&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;40,690,019&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;40,231,159&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-dilutive effect of stock options- employees&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;958,109&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-dilutive effect of stock options- nonemployees&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;64,556&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Weighted average outstanding ordinary shares- Diluted&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;41,712,684&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;40,231,159&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Earnings per share:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Basic&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.05&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.00&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Diluted&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.05&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.00&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Warrants for the purchase of 525,621&#13;shares were not included in the calculations for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 as their effect would have been anti-dilutive.&#13;The incremental shares were added to denominator for the period that stock options were outstanding due to the average market&#13;price of the Company&amp;#8217;s stock in the period exceeded the exercise prices of the stock options granted to the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;employees and various consultants. The incremental shares were computed under the treasury stock method. Because the effect would&#13;be anti-dilutive, there were 2,973,000 stock options outstanding that were not included in the computation of dilutive weighted-average&#13;shares outstanding for the six months ended June 30,2017.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;6. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;(a) Revenue &amp;#8211; related party&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;From May 2017, the Company entered into&#13;a series of contracts with Shenzhen Taoping New Media Co., Ltd. (Shenzhen Taoping) and its affiliates for the sale of the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;Cloud-Application-Terminal based digital ads display terminals, software and technical services. Shenzhen Taoping is a company&#13;controlled by Mr. Lin. For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, revenues from related party for sales of products were&#13;approximately $6.8 million and $1.0 million, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;(b) Rental income &amp;#8211; related party&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;On July 1, 2017, the Company entered&#13;into a lease agreement with Shenzhen Taoping New Media Co., Ltd. for leasing the Company&amp;#8217;s office space located at 18th&#13;Floor, Education and Technology Building, Zhuzilin, Futian District, Shenzhen City for a period of 12 months. Shenzhen Taoping&#13;is a company controlled by Mr. Lin. For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company&amp;#8217;s rental income from related&#13;party was approximately $32,000 and -0-, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:InventoryDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;7. INVENTORIES&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, inventories consist&#13;of:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Raw materials&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;74,208&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;74,736&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Work in Process&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;13,268&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;13,497&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Finished goods&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;601,267&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;472,594&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Cost of projects&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;162,649&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;297,951&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;851,392&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;858,778&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Allowance for slow-moving or obsolete inventories&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(254,609&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(227,168&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Inventories, net&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;596,783&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;631,610&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;For the first six months ended June&#13;30, 2018 and 2017, impairments for obsolete inventories were approximately $33,000 and $165,000, respectively. Impairment charges&#13;on inventories are included with general and administrative expenses.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:InventoryDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;8. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, property, plant&#13;and equipment consist of:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Office buildings&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;4,963,371&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5,177,737&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Electronic equipment, furniture and fixtures&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;11,328,333&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;11,422,706&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Motor vehicles&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;304,400&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;333,769&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Purchased software&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;11,885,780&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;10,998,174&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;28,481,884&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;27,932,386&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Less: accumulated depreciation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(17,190,599&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(16,101,688&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Property, plant and equipment, net&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;11,291,285&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;11,830,698&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Depreciation expenses for the six months&#13;ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 were approximately $1.5 million and $0.9 million, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Management regularly evaluates property,&#13;plant and equipment for impairment, if an event occurs or circumstances change that would potentially indicate that the carrying&#13;amount of the property, plant and equipment exceeded its fair value. Management utilizes the discounted cash flow method to estimate&#13;the fair value of the property, plant and equipment.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Based on the test of recoverability&#13;and the estimated fair value, management determined no impairment for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;9. INTANGIBLE ASSETS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, intangible assets&#13;consist of:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Software and software&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;development costs&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Trademarks&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Total&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Amortized intangible assets:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Gross carrying amounts&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 37%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance as of January 1, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;4,045,285&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;884,483&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;4,929,768&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Foreign currency translation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;270,585&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;59,162&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;329,747&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance as of December 31, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;4,315,870&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;943,645&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5,259,515&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Foreign currency translation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(73,117&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(15,987&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(89,104&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance as of June 30, 2018(Unaudited)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;4,242,753&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;927,658&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5,170,411&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Accumulated amortization&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance as of January 1, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,537,736&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;835,726&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,373,462&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Amortization expense&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;801,475&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;18,993&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;820,468&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Foreign currency translation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;200,255&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;56,623&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;256,878&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance as of December 31, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,539,466&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;911,342&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;4,450,808&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Amortization expense&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;421,047&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;9,415&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;430,462&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Foreign currency translation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(75,977&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(15,797&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(91,774&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance as of June 30, 2018(Unaudited)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,884,536&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;904,960&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;4,789,496&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total amortized intangible assets, net as of June 30, 2018(Unaudited)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;358,217&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;22,698&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;380,915&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Amortization expense for the six months&#13;ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 was approximately $0.4 million each.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Based on the impairment test performed,&#13;management determined no impairment for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:DebtDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;10. BANK LOANS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;(a) Short-term bank loans&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Secured short-term loans&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;7,280,369&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;7,817,610&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total short-term bank loans&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;7,280,369&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;7,817,610&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;(1) Detailed information of secured short-term loan balances&#13;as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Guaranteed by High-tech Investment Company(i) and Mr. Lin&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,057,315&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,536,480&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Guaranteed by IST and guaranteed by Mr. Lin and guaranteed by Biznest and collateralized by IST&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;4,531,350&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;4,609,440&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Guaranteed by IST and guaranteed by iASPEC and Collateralized by ISIOT and Secured by ISTIL&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,691,704&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,671,690&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;7,280,369&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;7,817,610&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;(i) High-tech Investment Company is an unrelated third party.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;As of June 30, 2018, the Company had&#13;short-term bank loans of approximately $7.3 million, which mature on various dates from July 7, 2018 to May 16, 2019. The short-term&#13;bank loans can be extended for another year by the banks without additional charges to the Company upon maturity. The bank borrowings&#13;are in the form of credit facilities. Amounts available to the Company from the banks are based on the amount of collateral pledged&#13;or the amount guaranteed by the Company&amp;#8217;s subsidiaries. These borrowings bear interest rates ranging from 5.66% to 6.74%&#13;per annum. The weighted average interest rates on short term debt were approximately 6.51% and 5.97% for the six months ended&#13;June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The interest expenses were approximately $0.2 million each, for the six months ended June&#13;30, 2018 and 2017.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:DebtDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;11. INCOME TAXES&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Pre-tax income (loss) from continuing&#13;operations for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 were taxable in the following jurisdictions:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Six Months&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Six Months&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ended&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ended&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;PRC&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,739,641&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(600,524&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Others&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(853,113&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(430,543&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total income (loss) before income taxes&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;886,528&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(1,031,067&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;United States&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Because of the domestication transaction&#13;in 2012 by which TAOP became the parent of our group, under Section 7874 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, the&#13;Company is treated for U.S. federal tax purposes as a U.S. corporation and, among other consequences, is subject to U.S. federal&#13;income tax on its worldwide income.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government&#13;enacted comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the &amp;#8220;Act&amp;#8221;). The Act makes&#13;broad and complex changes to the U.S. tax code, including, but not limited to, (1) reducing the U.S. federal corporate tax rate&#13;from 35 percent to 21 percent; (2) requiring companies to pay a one-time transition tax on certain unrepatriated earnings of foreign&#13;subsidiaries; (3) generally eliminating U.S. federal income taxes on dividends from foreign subsidiaries; (4) requiring a tax on&#13;Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (&amp;#8220;GILTI&amp;#8221;) which is a current inclusion in U.S. federal taxable income of certain&#13;earnings of controlled foreign corporations; (5) eliminating the corporate alternative minimum tax (&amp;#8220;AMT&amp;#8221;) and changing&#13;how existing AMT credits can be realized; (6) creating the base erosion anti-abuse tax (&amp;#8220;BEAT&amp;#8221;), a new minimum tax;&#13;(7) creating a new limitation on deductible interest expense; and (8) changing rules related to uses and limitations of net operating&#13;loss carryforwards created in tax years beginning after December 31, 2017.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The SEC staff issued Staff Accounting&#13;Bulletin 118, which provides guidance on accounting for the tax effects of the Act for which the accounting under ASC 740, Income&#13;Taxes (&amp;#8220;ASC 740&amp;#8221;) is incomplete. To the extent that a company&amp;#8217;s accounting for certain income tax effects of&#13;the Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record a provisional estimate in the financial&#13;statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate to be included in the financial statements, it should continue&#13;to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provisions of the tax laws that were in effect immediately before enactment of the Act.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;As of June 30, 2018, the Company has&#13;not completed its accounting for the tax effects of the enactment of the Act. Final accounting for these effects is expected in&#13;the fourth quarter of 2018 subsequent to the Company&amp;#8217;s completion of the 2017 tax return. The Company operates primarily&#13;in PRC. To complete the accounting associated with the Act, the Company will continue to review the technical tax interpretations&#13;associated with the underlying law, monitor state legislative changes, and review U.S. federal and state guidance as it is issued.&#13;Further the Company will continue to accumulate and refine the relevant data and computational elements needed to finalize its&#13;accounting within the measurement period.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;BVI&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Under the current laws of the BVI, dividends&#13;and capital gains arising from the Company&amp;#8217;s investments in the BVI and ordinary income, if any, are not subject to income&#13;taxes.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Hong Kong&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Under the current laws of Hong Kong,&#13;ISSI, IST HK and HPC are subject to a profit tax rate of 16.5% .&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;PRC&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Income tax (benefit) expense from continuing&#13;operations consists of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Six Months&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Six Months&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ended&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ended&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 62%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Current taxes&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 16%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1,286,388&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 16%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1,045,500&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Income tax benefit&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1,286,388&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1,045,500&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;Current income tax benefit was recorded in 2018 and 2017&#13;and was related to differences between the book and corporate income tax returns.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Six Months&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Six Months&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ended&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ended&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 62%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;PRC statutory tax rate&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;25&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;25&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Computed expected income tax (benefit) expense&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;221,632&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(257,767&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Tax rate differential benefit from tax holiday&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(248,536&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;26,817&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Permanent differences&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1,447,813&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(930,476&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Tax effect of deductible temporary differences not recognized&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(24,949&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(47,995&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Non-deductible tax loss&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;213,278&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;163,921&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Income tax (benefit) expense&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(1,286,388&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(1,045,500&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;The significant components of deferred tax assets and deferred&#13;tax liabilities were as follows as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30, 2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31, 2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Deferred&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Deferred&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Deferred&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Deferred&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Tax&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Tax&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Tax&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Tax&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Assets&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Liabilities&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Assets&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Liabilities&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 40%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Allowance for doubtful accounts&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,142,987&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,188,831&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Loss carry-forwards&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,483,777&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,314,061&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Fixed assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,084&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(243,913&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;20,937&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(243,728&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Inventory valuation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;325,002&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;408,905&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Salary payable&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;8,839&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;12,113&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Intangible assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;226,057&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;132,517&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;212,283&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;134,801&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Gross deferred tax assets and liabilities&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;3,189,746&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(111,396&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;3,157,130&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(108,927&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Valuation allowance&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(3,078,350&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(3,048,203&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total deferred tax assets and liabilities&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;111,396&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(111,396&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;108,927&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(108,927&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company has net operating loss carry&#13;forwards totaling RMB 57.7 million ($9.1 million) as of June 30, 2018, substantially all of which were from PRC subsidiaries and&#13;will expire on various dates through December 31, 2022. Valuation allowance for deferred tax asset was fully provided.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;IST and Topcloud are all governed by&#13;the Income Tax Laws of the PRC. These companies are approved as being high-technology enterprises and subject to PRC enterprise&#13;income tax rate (&amp;#8220;EIT&amp;#8221;) at 15%, while Biznest is subject to a 12.5% of EIT.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company recognizes that virtually&#13;all tax positions in the PRC are not free of some degree of uncertainty due to tax law and policy changes by the State. However,&#13;the Company cannot reasonably quantify political risk factors and thus must depend on guidance issued by current State officials.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Based on all known facts, circumstances,&#13;and current tax law, the Company has recorded $-0- and $-0- of unrecognized tax benefits as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017,&#13;respectively. The Company believes that there are no tax positions for which it is reasonably possible, based on current Chinese&#13;tax laws and policies, that the unrecognized tax benefits will significantly increase or decrease over the next 12 months, individually&#13;or in the aggregate, and have a material effect on the Company&amp;#8217;s results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company&amp;#8217;s policy is to recognize&#13;interest and penalties accrued on any unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense. Any accrued interest or penalties&#13;associated with any unrecognized tax benefits were not significant for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Since the Company intends to reinvest&#13;its earnings to further expand its businesses in the PRC, the PRC subsidiaries do not intend to declare dividends to their parent&#13;companies in the foreseeable future. The Company&amp;#8217;s foreign subsidiaries are in a cumulative deficit position. Accordingly,&#13;the Company has not recorded any deferred taxes on the cumulative amount of any undistributed deficit earnings. It is impractical&#13;to calculate the tax effect of the deficit at this time.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;14. OTHER PAYABLES AND ACCRUED EXPENSES&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, other payables&#13;and accrued expenses consist of:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Advances from unrelated third-parties &lt;sup&gt;(i) &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;393,453&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;194,552&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Other taxes payable &lt;sup&gt;(ii) &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,876,127&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,772,560&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Unrecognized tax benefits &lt;sup&gt;(iii) &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;433,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;433,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Accrued professional fees&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;88,464&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;158,747&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Amount due to employees &lt;sup&gt;(iv) &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;184,130&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;198,370&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Other current liabilities&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;267,572&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;281,188&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;4,242,746&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;4,038,417&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 5%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(i) &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The advances from unrelated parties are non-interest bearing and due on demand.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(ii) &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The other taxes payable were the amounts due to the value added tax, business tax, city maintenance and construction tax, and individual income tax. The increase in other taxes payable was mainly attributed to reassessment of prior years&amp;#8217; business tax, value added tax, land use tax, and other auxiliary taxes.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(iii) &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The Unrecognized tax benefits refer to the land value added tax due to the sale of property, equipment, and land use rights in September 2015.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(iv) &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The amounts due to employees were pertaining to employees&amp;#8217; out-of-pocket expenses for travel and meal allowance, etc.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;16. EQUITY&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(a) Ordinary shares&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company is authorized to issue 100,000,000&#13;ordinary shares.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;On September 19, 2017, at the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;2017 Annual Meeting of Members, the shareholders of the Company approved an amendment to the Company&amp;#8217;s Memorandum and Articles&#13;of Association to remove the par value of the Company&amp;#8217;s ordinary shares. On October 12, 2017, the Company filed an amended&#13;and restated Memorandum and Articles of Association (the &amp;#8220;Amended and Restated M&amp;#38;A&amp;#8221;) with the Registrar of Corporate&#13;Affairs in the British Virgin Islands to remove par value per share of the Company&amp;#8217;s ordinary shares. As a result, additional-paid-in&#13;capital resulted from cash received in excess of par value for the Company&amp;#8217;s issuance of ordinary shares was reclassified&#13;to ordinary shares at December 31, 2017, in an aggregate of approximately $123.5 million.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In January 2018, an aggregate of 529,004&#13;ordinary shares were issued as a result of exercise of stock options granted to employees and consultants. Refer to (d) and (e)&#13;below.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(b) Repurchase of common shares&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;On October 4, 2013, the Company announced&#13;a $9.0 million share repurchase program. Repurchases may be made in open-market transactions or through privately negotiated transactions.&#13;The timing and extent of any repurchase will depend upon market conditions, the trading price of the Company&amp;#8217;s ordinary shares,&#13;and other factors, and are subject to the restrictions relating to volume, price and timing under the applicable laws, including&#13;but not limited to, Rule 10b-18 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The Company&amp;#8217;s Board of&#13;Directors will review the share repurchase program periodically, and may authorize adjustment of its terms and size accordingly.&#13;An aggregate of 1,402,448 shares were repurchased under the program as of December 31, 2015, in an aggregate amount of approximately&#13;$7.1 million. On June 7, 2017 the aggregate of 1,402,448 ordinary shares held in the Company&amp;#8217;s treasury stock was canceled.&#13;As a result, the excess of the cost of those shares over the par value was allocated to additional paid-in capital and retained&#13;earnings in the amount of approximately $7.0 million and $104,000, respectively as of June 30, 2017.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(c) Stock-based compensation&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The following table provides the details&#13;of the approximate total share based payments expense during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 62%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Employees and directors share-based payments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;290,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(d)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;247,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(d)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Stock options issued for services&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;22,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(e)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;312,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;247,000&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;On September 11, 2013, the Board of&#13;Directors of the Company adopted the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2013 Plan, pursuant to which, the Company may offer up&#13;to five million ordinary shares as equity incentives to its directors, employees and consultants. Such number of shares is subject&#13;to adjustment in the event of certain reorganizations, mergers, business combinations, recapitalizations, stock splits, stock dividends,&#13;or other change in the corporate structure of the Company affecting the shares issuable under the 2013 Plan. As of December 31,&#13;2015, the Company had issued an aggregate of 4,467,135 shares of restricted stock, to our officers and employees under the 2013&#13;Plan. There was no additional issuance of restricted shares during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017 and the six months&#13;ended June 30, 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(d) Stock options to employees and directors&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;On May 9, 2016, the Board of Directors&#13;of the Company adopted the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2016 Plan. Pursuant to the 2016 Plan, the Company may offer up to&#13;five million ordinary shares as equity incentives to its directors, employees and consultants. Such number of shares is subject&#13;to adjustment in the event of certain reorganizations, mergers, business combinations, recapitalizations, stock splits, stock dividends,&#13;or other change in the corporate structure of the Company affecting the issuable shares under the 2016 Plan. The Company accounts&#13;for its stock option awards to employees and directors pursuant to the provisions of ASC 718, Compensation &amp;#8211; Stock Compensation.&#13;The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes Merton valuation model. The Company&#13;recognizes the fair value of each option as compensation expense ratably using the straight-line attribution method over the service&#13;period, which is generally the vesting period. On May 27, 2016, the Company granted options to purchase an aggregate of 2,712,000&#13;ordinary shares under the 2016 Plan. The fair value of these options was approximately $1.6 million at the date of the grant, of&#13;which approximately $202,000 and $227,000 was recorded as compensation and included in administrative expenses in the consolidated&#13;statements of operations for the services provided for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. On May 17, 2017,&#13;the Company granted options to employees and directors to purchase an aggregate of 960,000 ordinary shares under the 2016 Plan.&#13;The fair value of these options was approximately $0.5 million at the date of the grant, of which approximately $88,000 and $20,000&#13;was recorded as compensation and included in administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations for the services&#13;provided in the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The following table summarizes the inputs&#13;and assumptions used to estimate the fair values of the share options granted for the six months ended as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 79%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Exercise price&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.99&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Expected term&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Expected volatility&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;80.40&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Expected dividend yield&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Risk free interest rate&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.59&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Fair Value&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.59&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;Stock option activity for the six months ended June 30, 2018&#13;is summarized as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Weighted Average&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Remaining&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Aggregated&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Options&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Weighted Average&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Contractual Life&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Intrinsic&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Outstanding&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Exercise Price&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Years)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Value&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 42%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Outstanding at December 31, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 2%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,918,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 2%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.14&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 2%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3.40&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 2%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;996,860&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Exercised&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(802,800&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.21&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Canceled&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(61,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.15&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Outstanding at June 30, 2018(Unaudited)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,054,200&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.11&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2.90&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;390,358&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Vested and expected to be vested as of June 30, 2018(Unaudited)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,528,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.08&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2.90&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;332,440&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Options exercisable as of June 30, 2018(Unaudited) (vested)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;378,400&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.99&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2.90&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;116,776&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;There were no stock options granted&#13;to employees during the six months ended June 30, 2018, and the weighted average grant-date fair value of options granted during&#13;the six months ended June 30, 2017, was $0.59. The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the six months ended&#13;June 30, 2018 was approximately $72,000, and there was no exercise during the six months ended June 30, 2017. The Company did not&#13;receive any proceeds related to the exercise of stock options from employees for the six months ended June 30, 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The following table summarizes the status&#13;of options which contain vesting provisions:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Weighted&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Average&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Grant Date&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Options&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Fair Value&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Non-vested at January 1, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,112,800&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.70&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Vested&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(376,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.59&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Canceled&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(61,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.73&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Non-vested at June 30, 2018(Unaudited)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,675,800&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.72&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;As of June 30, 2018, approximately $1.0&#13;million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested share options is expected to be recognized over a weighted&#13;average remaining vesting period of approximately 0.9 years. The total fair value of options vested during the six months ended&#13;June 30, 2018, and 2017 was approximately $0.2 million and $0 million, respectively. To the extent the actual forfeiture rate is&#13;different from what the Company has anticipated, stock-based compensation related to these awards will be different from its expectations.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;(e) Stock options to non-employees&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Pursuant to the Company&amp;#8217;s 2016&#13;Equity Incentive Plan, in 2017 the Company issued 250,000 stock options to consultants and 250,000 options vested during the year&#13;ended December 31, 2017. During the six months ended June 30, 2018, 50,000 options were exercised for issuance of 50,000 shares&#13;in aggregate cash proceeds of $46,500. The fair value of the options issued to consultants was estimated on the measurement date&#13;using the Black-Scholes Merton valuation model. We expensed to administrative expense $96,000 during the year ended December 31,&#13;2017.And we expensed to administrative expense $22,000 during the six months ended June 30, 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;As of June 30, 2018, the weighted average&#13;exercise price was $1.36 and the weighted average remaining life was 2.54 years. The following table outlines the options outstanding&#13;and exercisable as of June 30, 2018:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30, 2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Number of&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Options&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Exercise&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Expiration&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Outstanding&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Price&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Date&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 55%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2017 Service Agreement Options (Marketing)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;50,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.29&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;10/31/2020 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2017 Service Agreement Options (Marketing)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;50,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.63&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;11/30/2020 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2017 Service Agreement Options (Marketing)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;50,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.48&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;12/31/2020 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2017 Consulting Service Agreement Options&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;50,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.02&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;05/27/2021 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;200,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;17. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;iASPEC and Bocom lease offices, employee&#13;dormitories, and factory space in Shenzhen , China. Lease agreements expired on various dates through December 2017. Afterwards&#13;only Biznest has a month-to-month based lease agreement without long term commitment. For the first six months ended June 30, 2018&#13;and 2017, the rental expense was approximately $3,000 and $42,000, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;We may be subject to legal proceedings,&#13;investigations, and claims incidental to conduct of our business from time to time. We are currently subject to legal or arbitration&#13;proceedings with customers pertaining to our performance of the sales contracts. The Company estimates, with 50% of probability,&#13;a possible loss ranging from approximately $ 0 to $300,000, if the proceedings are ruled by arbitration.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:FairValueConcentrationOfRiskTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;18. CONCENTRATIONS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;For the six months ended June 30, 2018,&#13;no customer accounted for greater than 10% of revenue. For the six months ended June 30, 2017, three customer accounted for greater&#13;than 10% of revenue. However, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company&amp;#8217;s top five customers accounted&#13;for 29% and 75% of the Company&amp;#8217;s revenues from continuing operations, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company&amp;#8217;s top five customers&#13;accounted for 33% of accounts receivable as of June 30, 2018, of which two customers each accounted for greater than 10% or more&#13;of accounts receivable. The Company&amp;#8217;s top five customers accounted for 46% of accounts receivable as of December 31, 2017,&#13;of which two customers each accounted for greater than 10% or more of accounts receivable.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:FairValueConcentrationOfRiskTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:SubsequentEventsTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;19. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;On September 7, 2018, the Company entered&#13;into a securities purchase agreement with certain investors, pursuant to which the investors agreed to purchase an aggregate of&#13;2,000,000 ordinary shares of the Company at a price of $1.50 per share for an aggregate of $3 million. Mr. Jianghuai Lin, the&#13;Company&amp;#8217;s Chairman and CEO, is one of the investors and agreed to purchase 500,000 shares in this transaction. The private&#13;placement may be consummated in multiple closings, occurring no later than December 31, 2018. The consummation of the private&#13;placement is subject to the satisfaction of certain customary closing conditions. 1,000,000 ordinary shares were issued in November&#13;2018.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:SubsequentEventsTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;(a) Basis of Presentation and Principles&#13;of Consolidation&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The consolidated financial statements&#13;as of June 30, 2018 and for the six month periods ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 are unaudited. The accompanying unaudited consolidated&#13;financial statements have been prepared by the Company in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United&#13;States of America (&amp;#8220;U.S. GAAP&amp;#8221;) for interim financial reporting. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting&#13;of normal recurring adjustments) have been made that are necessary to present fairly the financial position, the results of its&#13;operations and cash flows. Operating results as presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for a full&#13;year. These financial statements and related notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto&#13;included in the Company&amp;#8217;s Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2017 filed on March 30, 2018 with the Securities and&#13;Exchange Commission.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The consolidated financial statements&#13;include the accounts of the Company, its subsidiaries, and its VIE for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. All significant&#13;intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:UseOfEstimates contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;(b) Use of Estimates&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The preparation of the consolidated&#13;financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and&#13;assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at&#13;the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;significant estimates include its accounts receivable, warrants liability, fair value of stock options, valuation allowance of&#13;deferred tax assets, and other intangible assets. Management makes these estimates using the best information available at the&#13;time the estimates are made; however actual results could differ from those estimates.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:UseOfEstimates>
    <TAOP:EconomicAndPoliticalRisksPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;(c) Economic and Political Risks&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;All the Company&amp;#8217;s revenue-generating&#13;operations are conducted in the PRC. Accordingly, the Company&amp;#8217;s business, financial condition and results of operations may&#13;be influenced by the political, economic and legal environments in the PRC, and by the general state of the PRC economy. The Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;operations in the PRC are subject to special considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in North&#13;America and Western Europe. These include risks associated with, among others, the political, economic and legal environments and&#13;foreign currency exchange. The Company&amp;#8217;s financial results may be adversely affected by changes in the political and social&#13;conditions in the PRC, and by changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures,&#13;currency conversion, remittances abroad, and rates and methods of taxation.&lt;/p&gt;</TAOP:EconomicAndPoliticalRisksPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;(d) Cash and Cash Equivalents&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company considers all highly liquid&#13;investments purchased and cash deposits with financial institutions with original maturities of three months or less to be cash&#13;equivalents. The Company had no cash equivalents as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company maintains its cash accounts&#13;at credit worthy financial institutions and closely monitors the movements of its cash positions. As of June 30, 2018 and December&#13;31, 2017, approximately $3.0 million and $3.2 million of cash, respectively, was held in bank accounts in the PRC.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:TradeAndOtherAccountsReceivablePolicy contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;(e) Accounts Receivable, Accounts&#13;Receivable &amp;#8211;related parties, and Concentration of Risk&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Accounts receivable are recognized and&#13;carried at invoiced amount less an allowance for any uncollectible accounts, if any. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful&#13;accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. The Company reviews the&#13;collectability of its receivables on an ongoing basis. After all attempts to collect a receivable have failed, the receivable is&#13;written off against the allowance.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company evaluates the creditworthiness&#13;of all of its customers individually before accepting them and continuously monitors the recoverability of accounts receivable.&#13;If there are any indicators that a customer may not make payment, the Company may consider making provision for non-collectability&#13;for that particular customer. At the same time, the Company may cease further sales or services to such customer. The following&#13;are some of the factors that the Company considers in determining whether to discontinue sales or record an allowance:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 95%; text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;the customer fails to comply with its payment schedule; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;the customer is in serious financial difficulty; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;a significant dispute with the customer has occurred regarding job progress or other matters; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;the customer breaches any of the contractual obligations; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;the customer appears to be financially distressed due to economic or legal factors; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;the business between the customer and the Company is not active; and &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;other objective evidence indicates non-collectability of the accounts receivable. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company considers the following&#13;factors when determining whether to permit a longer payment period or provide other concessions to customers:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 95%; text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;the customer&amp;#8217;s past payment history; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;the customer&amp;#8217;s general risk profile, including factors such as the customer&amp;#8217;s size, age, and public or private status; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;macroeconomic conditions that may affect a customer&amp;#8217;s ability to pay; and &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#9679;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;the relative importance of the customer relationship to the Company&amp;#8217;s business. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Since May 2017, the Company entered&#13;into a series of contracts with Shenzhen Taoping New Media, Ltd.(&amp;#8220;Shenzhen Taoping&amp;#8221;) and its affiliates for the sale&#13;of the Company&amp;#8217;s Cloud-Application-Terminal based digital ads display terminals, software and technical services. Shenzhen&#13;Taoping is a company controlled by Mr. Lin.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Accounts receivable as at June 30, 2018 and December 31,&#13;2017 are as follows:&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;June 30,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;December 31,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Accounts Receivable&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;9,808,594&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;8,249,457&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Allowance for doubtful accounts&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(2,884,899&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(2,981,705&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Accounts Receivable &amp;#8211; Net&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;6,923,695&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5,267,752&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Accounts Receivable-related parties&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;7,389,359&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;4,872,743&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The allowance for doubtful accounts&#13;at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, totaled approximately $2.9 million and $3.0 million, respectively, representing management&amp;#8217;s&#13;best estimate. The following table describes the movements in the allowance for doubtful accounts during the six month period ended&#13;June 30, 2018 and the year ended December 31, 2017:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 79%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance at January 1, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,625,765&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Increase in allowance for doubtful accounts&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;180,305&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Foreign exchange difference&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;175,635&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance at December 31, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,981,705&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Increase in allowance for doubtful accounts&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;28,155&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Amounts recovered during the period&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(74,446&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Foreign exchange difference&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(50,515&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance at June 30, 2018 (Unaudited)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,884,899&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:TradeAndOtherAccountsReceivablePolicy>
    <TAOP:AdvancesToSuppliersPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;(f) Advances to Suppliers&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;Advances to suppliers represent cash deposits for the purchase&#13;of inventory items from suppliers.&lt;/p&gt;</TAOP:AdvancesToSuppliersPolicyTextBlock>
    <TAOP:AdvancesFromCustomersAndRelatedPartiesPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;(g) Advances from Customers and related parties&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Advances from customers and related&#13;parties represent cash received from customers and related parties as advance payments for the purchases of the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;products and services.&lt;/p&gt;</TAOP:AdvancesFromCustomersAndRelatedPartiesPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:FairValueOfFinancialInstrumentsPolicy contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;h) Fair Value and Fair Value Measurement of Financial Instruments&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Management has estimated that the carrying&#13;amounts of non-related party financial instruments approximate fair values for all periods presented due to their short-term maturities.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;Fair Value Accounting&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Financial Accounting Standards Board&#13;(FASB) Accounting Standards Codifications (ASC) 820-10 &amp;#8220;Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures&amp;#8221;, establishes a fair&#13;value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest&#13;priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest&#13;priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). As required by FASB ASC 820-10, assets are classified in their entirety&#13;based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy&#13;under FASB ASC 820-10 are described below:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Level 1 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 90%; text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Level 2 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability; and &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Level 3 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (supported by little or no market activity). &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;The following tables present the fair value hierarchy of&#13;those assets and liabilities measured at fair value:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;Recurring fair value measurements:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="18" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Fair Value Measurements Using&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Quoted&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Prices in&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Active&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Total Gains&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Markets&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Significant&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Losses) for&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;for&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Other&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Significant&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;the year&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;As of&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Identical&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Observable&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Unobservable&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;ended&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Liabilities&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Inputs&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Inputs&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Level 1)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Level 2)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Level 3)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 30%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Warrants liability&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 11%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 11%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 11%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 11%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 11%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,719&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total recurring fair value measurements&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;3,719&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;As of December 31, 2017, the Company&#13;measured the fair value of its derivative liability related to warrants using a binomial or lattice model for warrants A. Series&#13;A warrants expired on May 27, 2018 without exercise. Series B warrants have been fully exercised as of December 31, 2016. The following&#13;tables reflect the quantitative information about recurring Level 3 fair value measurements:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Series A&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Warrants&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;December 31, 2017:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 79%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Annual volatility&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;56.13&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Risk-free rate&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.46&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Dividend rate&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.00&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Contractual term&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.4 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13; 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Significant unobservable inputs for the Level 3 warrants liability&#13;include (1) the estimated probability of the occurrence of a down round financing during the term over which the related warrants&#13;are exercisable, (2) the estimated magnitude of the down round, and (3) the estimated magnitude of any net cash fractional share&#13;settlement. Significant increases or decreases in any of those inputs in isolation would result in a significantly different fair&#13;value measurement.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:FairValueOfFinancialInstrumentsPolicy>
    <us-gaap:InventoryPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;(i) Inventories&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Inventories are valued at the lower&#13;of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the expected selling price in the ordinary course of business minus any&#13;costs of completion, disposal, and transportation to make the sale.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company performs an analysis of&#13;slow-moving or obsolete inventory periodically and any necessary valuation reserves, which could potentially be significant, are&#13;included in the period in which the evaluations are completed. Any inventory impairment results in a new cost basis for accounting&#13;purposes.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:InventoryPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(j) Property, plant and equipment&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Property, plant and equipment are stated&#13;at cost less accumulated amortization and depreciation. Amortization and depreciation is provided over the assets&amp;#8217; estimated&#13;useful lives, using the straight-line method. Estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 79%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Office buildings&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;20-50 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Plant and machinery&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3-20 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Electronics equipment, furniture and fixtures&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3-5 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Motor vehicles&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Purchased software&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3-10 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Maintenance and repairs costs are expensed&#13;as incurred, whereas significant renewals and betterments are capitalized.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsFiniteLivedPolicy contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(k) Intangible assets&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Intangible assets represent technology,&#13;and software development costs and trademarks capitalized by the Company&amp;#8217;s subsidiaries.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Intangible assets are stated at acquisition&#13;fair value or cost less accumulated amortization, and amortized using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful&#13;lives:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 79%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Software development costs&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3-5 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Trademarks&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:IntangibleAssetsFiniteLivedPolicy>
    <us-gaap:GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;(l) Goodwill&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;ASC 350-30-50, &amp;#8220;Goodwill and Other&#13;Intangible Assets&amp;#8221;, requires the testing of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at least annually.&#13;The Company tests goodwill for impairment in the fourth quarter each year or earlier if an indicator of impairment exists.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Under applicable accounting guidance,&#13;the goodwill impairment analysis is a two-step test. The first step of the goodwill impairment test involves comparing the fair&#13;value of each reporting unit with its carrying amount including goodwill. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying&#13;amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is considered not impaired; however, if the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds&#13;its fair value, the second step must be performed to measure potential impairment.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The second step involves calculating&#13;an implied fair value of goodwill for each reporting unit for which the first step indicated possible impairment. If the implied&#13;fair value of goodwill exceeds the goodwill assigned to the reporting unit, there is no impairment. If the goodwill assigned to&#13;a reporting unit exceeds the implied fair value of goodwill, an impairment charge is recorded for the excess.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ImpairmentOrDisposalOfLongLivedAssetsPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(m) Impairment of Long-Lived Assets&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Long-lived assets held and used by&#13;the Company are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of assets&#13;may not be recoverable. It is reasonably possible that these assets could become impaired as a result of technology or other industry&#13;changes. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is determined by comparing their carrying amount with their expected future&#13;net undiscounted future cash flows from the assets. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized&#13;is measured by how much the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the assets. Assets held for disposal, if any, are reported&#13;at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ImpairmentOrDisposalOfLongLivedAssetsPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:DerivativesPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(n) Derivative liability - Warrants&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The classification of derivative instruments,&#13;including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is determined and re-assessed at the end of&#13;each reporting period, in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815, &amp;#8220;Derivatives and Hedging&amp;#8221;. This guidance affects the&#13;accounting for warrants issued acquiring the Company&amp;#8217;s ordinary shares that contain provisions to protect warrant holders&#13;from a decline in the stock price, referred to as down-round protection. Down-round provisions reduce the exercise price of a&#13;warrant, if the company either issues equity shares for a price that is lower than the exercise price of the warrants, or issues&#13;convertible instruments with a conversion price per equity share that is less than the exercise price of the warrants, or issues&#13;new warrants or options that have a lower exercise price. For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities,&#13;the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair value and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in&#13;the fair value charged to earning or loss. The Company generally uses a binomial or lattice model and Monte-Carlo simulation to&#13;value the warrants at inception and subsequent valuation dates. Derivative instrument liabilities are classified in the balance&#13;sheet as current or non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement of the derivative instrument could be required within&#13;12 months of the balance sheet date.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:DerivativesPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(o) Revenue Recognition&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Beginning January 1, 2018, the Company&#13;has adopted the ASU 2014-09, Topic 606, &amp;#8220;Revenue from Contracts with Customers&amp;#8221; and its related amendments (collectively&#13;referred to as &amp;#8220;FASB ASC 606&amp;#8221;) for its new revenue recognition accounting policy that depicts the transfer of promised&#13;goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange&#13;for those goods or services. The adoption of the new revenue recognition standard has no impact on the Company&amp;#8217;s consolidated&#13;financial statements for any periods prior to 2018. Therefore prior period amounts are not adjusted.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company generates its revenues primarily&#13;from four sources: (1) hardware sales, (2) software subscription, (3) software sales, and (4) system integration. Revenue is recognized&#13;when obligations under the terms of a contract with our customers are satisfied; and generally occurs upon delivery of the goods&#13;and services.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Hardware sales&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Hardware revenues are generated primarily&#13;from the sale of Cloud-Application-Terminal based digital ads display terminals with integrated software essential to the functionality&#13;of the hardware to our customers (inclusive of related parties). Although manufacturing of the hardware has been outsourced to&#13;the Company&amp;#8217;s OEM suppliers, the Company has acted as the principal of the contract. The Company has indicated that it may&#13;from time to time provide future unspecified software upgrades to the hardware products&amp;#8217; essential software, which is expected&#13;to be infrequent and, free of charge. Non-software services is mainly the one-time training session provided to the customer to&#13;familiarize them with the software operation upon the customer&amp;#8217;s initial introduction to the software platform. The costs&#13;of providing infrequent software upgrade and training provided to the customer for familiarizing the software operations are immaterial.&#13;As a result, the Company does not allocate transaction price to software upgrade and customer training. Hardware sales are classified&#13;as &amp;#8220;Revenue-Products&amp;#8221; on the Company&amp;#8217;s consolidated statement of operations.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Software Sales&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Customers in the private sector contract&#13;the Company to design and develop software products specifically customized for their needs for a fixed price. Software development&#13;projects usually include developing software, integrating various isolated software systems into one, and testing the system. The&#13;design and build services, together with the integration of the various elements, are generally determined to be essential to the&#13;functionality of the delivered software. The contracted price is usually paid in installments based on progression of the project&#13;or at the delivery of the software. The Company usually provides non-software services including after-sale support, technical&#13;training. The technical training only occurs at the introduction of the software. The software is highly specialized and stable,&#13;after-sale support and subsequent upgrade or enhancement are infrequent. The Company has estimated the costs associated with the&#13;non-software performance obligations and concludes that these obligations are immaterial to the overall contract. Therefore, the&#13;Company does not further allocate transaction price.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company usually completes the customized&#13;software contracts less than 12 months and recognizes the revenue at the point of delivery because the Company does not have an&#13;enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date. Revenues from software development contracts are classified as&#13;&amp;#8220;Revenue-Software&amp;#8221; on the Company&amp;#8217;s consolidated statement of operations.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;System Integration Services&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;System integration revenues are generated&#13;from fixed-price contracts which combine both customized software development and integration, and non-customized hardware. System&#13;integration projects usually include the purchase of hardware, software development, and integration of various systems into one,&#13;and test of the system. Customers are billed in accordance with contract terms, which typically require a partial payment at the&#13;signing of the contract, partial payment upon delivery and customer acceptance, with the remainder due within a stated period of&#13;time not exceeding 12 months.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;As a result of the Company&amp;#8217;s business&#13;transformation from a traditional IT business solution provider to a provider of integrated Cloud-Application-Terminal based products&#13;and services, system integration services have been phased out. Collection of residual contract transaction prices from the previously&#13;completed performance obligations only accounted for about 2% of the Company&amp;#8217;s 2017 consolidated revenue. System integration&#13;services generated no revenue for the first six months of 2018, and will further diminish in 2018 and beyond. Therefore, system&#13;integration services will have immaterial impact, if not at all, to the Company&amp;#8217;s revenue recognition upon adoption of ASA&#13;606.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Other revenue comprises revenue generates&#13;from other hardware maintenance services, and miscellaneous income. Revenue recognition and performance obligations are satisfied&#13;upon competition of the services. No contract costs associate with elements of other revenue.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Contract balances&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;We record advances from customers when&#13;cash payments are received or due in advance of our performance. For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company recognized&#13;revenue of $736,000 and $1,379,000, respectively, that was included in the advances from customers balance at the beginning of&#13;each reporting period.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Practical expedients and exemptions&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;We generally expense sales commissions&#13;if any incurred because the amortization period would have been one year or less. In many cases, the Company is approached by customers&#13;for customizing software products for their specific needs without incurring significant selling expenses.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied&#13;performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock>
    <TAOP:TreasuryStockPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;(p) Treasury Stock&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company repurchases its ordinary&#13;shares from time to time in the open market and holds such shares as treasury stock. The Company applies the &amp;#8220;cost method&amp;#8221;&#13;and presents the cost to repurchase such shares as a reduction in equity.&lt;/p&gt;</TAOP:TreasuryStockPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;(q) Stock-based compensation&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company applies ASC No. 718, &amp;#8220;Compensation-Stock&#13;Compensation&amp;#8221;, which requires that share-based payment transactions with employees, such as share options, be measured based&#13;on the grant date fair value of the equity instrument and recognized as compensation expense over the requisite service period,&#13;with a corresponding addition to equity. Under this method, compensation cost related to employee share options or similar equity&#13;instruments is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized over the period during which an&#13;employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award, which generally is the vesting period.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company applies ASC 505-50, &amp;#8220;Equity-Based&#13;Payments to Nonemployee&amp;#8221;, which requires that share-based payment transactions with nonemployees, such as share options,&#13;be measured at the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, whichever can be&#13;more reliably measured. The fair value of the equity instrument is recognized as compensation expense over the requisite service&#13;period, with a corresponding addition to equity. Under this method, compensation cost related to nonemployee share options or similar&#13;equity instruments is measured at the measurement date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized over the period specified&#13;in the service agreement or the performance conditions being achieved in the same manner as of the Company had paid cash for the&#13;services.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;During the six months ended June 30,&#13;2018 and 2017, the Company recognized approximately $312,000 and $247,000, respectively, of compensation expense. See Note 16(c).&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy>
    <us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;u&gt;(r) Foreign Currency Translation&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The functional currency of the US and&#13;BVI companies is the United States dollar. The functional currency of the Company&amp;#8217;s Hong Kong subsidiaries is the Hong Kong&#13;dollar.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The functional currency of the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;wholly-owned PRC subsidiaries and its VIE is the Chinese Renminbi Yuan, (&amp;#8220;RMB&amp;#8221;). RMB is not freely convertible into&#13;foreign currencies. The Company&amp;#8217;s PRC subsidiaries&amp;#8217; and their VIE&amp;#8217;s financial statements are maintained in the&#13;functional currency. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated&#13;into the functional currency at rates of exchange prevailing at the balance sheet date. Transactions denominated in currencies&#13;other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of&#13;the transactions. Exchange gains or losses arising from foreign currency transactions are included in the determination of net&#13;loss for the respective periods.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;For financial reporting purposes, the&#13;financial statements of the Company have been translated into United States dollars. Assets and liabilities are translated at exchange&#13;rates at the balance sheet dates, revenue and expenses are translated at average exchange rates, and equity is translated at historical&#13;exchange rates. Any resulting translation adjustments are not included in determining net income but are included in other comprehensive&#13;loss, a component of equity.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;The exchange rates adopted are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13; 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line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 55%; 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    <us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpensePolicy contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(s) Research &amp;#38; Development Expenses&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company follows the guidance in&#13;FASB ASC 985-20, Cost of Software to Be Sold, Leased or Marketed, regarding software development costs to be sold, leased, or otherwise&#13;marketed.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;FASB ASC 985-20-25 requires research&#13;and development costs for software development to be expensed as incurred until the software model is technologically feasible.&#13;Technological feasibility is established when the enterprise has completed all planning, designing, coding, testing, and identification&#13;of risks activities necessary to establish that the product can be produced to meet its design specifications, features, functions,&#13;technical performance requirements. A certain amount of judgment and estimation is required to assess when technological feasibility&#13;is established, as well as the ongoing assessment of the recoverability of capitalized costs. The Company&amp;#8217;s products reach&#13;technological feasibility shortly before the products are released and sold to the public. Therefore research and development&#13;costs are generally expensed as incurred.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpensePolicy>
    <TAOP:SubsidyIncomePolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(t) Subsidy Income&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Subsidy income mainly represents income&#13;received from various local governmental agencies in China for developing high technology products in the fields designated by&#13;the government as new and highly innovative. We have no continuing obligation under the subsidy provision.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(u) Sales, use, other value-added taxes,&#13;and Income Taxes&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Revenue is recorded net of applicable&#13;sales, use, and value-added taxes.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Income taxes are provided on an asset&#13;and liability approach for financial accounting and reporting of income taxes. Deferred income taxes are recognized for all significant&#13;temporary differences at enacted rates and classified as non-current in the financial statements. A valuation allowance is provided&#13;to reduce the amount of deferred tax assets if it is considered more likely than not that some portion, or all of, the deferred&#13;tax assets will not be realized. The Company classifies interest and/or penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits, if any,&#13;as a component of income tax expense.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company applies the provisions&#13;of ASC No. 740 &amp;#8220;Income Taxes&amp;#8221; (&amp;#8220;ASC 740&amp;#8221;), which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes&#13;recognized by prescribing a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement&#13;of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC 740 also provides accounting guidance on de-recognition,&#13;classification, interest and penalties, and disclosure.&lt;/p&gt;</TAOP:SubsidyIncomePolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:DiscontinuedOperationsPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(v) Discontinued Operations&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In accordance with &amp;#8220;ASU 2014-08,&#13;Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205) and Property, Plant and Equipment (Topic 360): Reporting Discontinued Operations&#13;and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity&amp;#8221;, a discontinued operation must represent a strategic shift that&#13;has or will have a major effect on an entity&amp;#8217;s operations and financial results. Examples could include a disposal of a&#13;major line of business, a major geographical area, a major equity method investment, or other major parts of an entity. The revised&#13;standard also allows an entity to have certain continuing cash flows or involvement with the component after the disposal. Additionally,&#13;the standard requires expanded disclosures about discontinued operations that will provide financial statement users with more&#13;information about the assets, liabilities, income, and expenses of discontinued operations.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:DiscontinuedOperationsPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:SegmentReportingPolicyPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(w) Segment reporting&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Segment information is consistent with&#13;how management reviews the businesses, makes investing and resource allocation decisions and assesses operating performance. Transfers&#13;and sales between reportable segments, if any, are recorded at cost.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company reports financial and operating&#13;information in the following two segments:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 5%; font: 11pt/107% Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(a) &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 11pt/107% Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Cloud-based Technology (CBT) segment &amp;#8212; The CBT segment is the Company&amp;#8217;s current and future focus for corporate development. It includes the Company&amp;#8217;s cloud-based products and services sold to private sectors including new media, healthcare, education, and residential community management. In this segment, the Company generates revenues from the sales of hardware and software total solutions with proprietary software and content. Starting in the fourth quarter of 2014, the Company also began to generate additional revenue from monthly software licensing and Software-as-a Service (SaaS) fees. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 5%; font: 11pt/107% Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(b) &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 11pt/107% Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Traditional Information Technology (TIT) segment &amp;#8212;The TIT segment includes the Company&amp;#8217;s project-based technology products and services sold to the public sector. The solutions the Company has sold primarily include Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Digital Public Security Technology (DPST), and Digital Hospital Information Systems (DHIS). In this segment, the Company generates revenues from sales of software and system integration services.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:SegmentReportingPolicyPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;(y) Recent Accounting Pronouncements&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU&#13;2016-02, &amp;#8220;ASC 842-10-65-1, Leases (Topic 842)&amp;#8221;. The guidance requires, with the exception of short-term leases, a lease&#13;liability, which is a lessee&amp;#8217;s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and&#13;a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee&amp;#8217;s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset&#13;for the lease term. Under the new guidance, lessor accounting is largely unchanged. Certain targeted improvements were made to&#13;align, where necessary, lessor accounting with the lessee accounting model and Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.&#13;The guidance requires prospective application for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and early adoption is permitted.&#13;Lessees (for capital and operating leases) and lessors (for sales-type, direct financing, and operating leases) must apply a modified&#13;retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period&#13;presented in the financial statements. The modified retrospective approach would not require any transition accounting for leases&#13;that expired before the earliest comparative period presented. Lessees and lessors may not apply a full retrospective transition&#13;approach. The Company expects to adopt the standard January 2019. Adoption of ASU 2016-2 is not expected to have material impact&#13;on the consolidated financial statements.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In January 2017, the FASB issued 2017-04,&#13;&amp;#8220;ASC 350-20-65-3, Intangibles &amp;#8211; Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment.&amp;#8221;&#13;The new guidance eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. The annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test is performed&#13;by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An impairment charge should be recognized for the amount&#13;by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit&amp;#8217;s fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the&#13;total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. In addition, income tax effects from any tax deductible goodwill on&#13;the carrying amount of the reporting unit should be considered when measuring the goodwill impairment loss, if applicable. The&#13;new guidance also eliminates the requirements for any reporting unit with a zero or negative carrying amount to perform a qualitative&#13;assessment and, if it fails that qualitative test, to perform Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test. An entity still has the option&#13;to perform the qualitative assessment for a reporting unit to determine if the quantitative impairment test is necessary. The new&#13;update is effective for annual or any interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early&#13;adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. ASU 2017-04&#13;should be adopted on a prospective basis. Adoption of ASU 2017-04 is not expected to have material impact to the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;consolidated financial statements.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-11,&amp;#8220;Earnings&#13;Per Share (Topic 260); Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480); Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): (Part I) Accounting&#13;for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features, (Part II) Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral for Mandatorily Redeemable&#13;Financial Instruments of Certain Nonpublic Entities and Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Non-controlling Interests with a Scope Exception.&amp;#8221;&#13;&amp;#8220;These amendments simplify the accounting for certain financial instruments with down round features. The amendments require&#13;companies to disregard the down round feature when assessing whether the instrument is indexed to its own stock, for purposes of&#13;determining liability or equity classification. Companies that provide earnings per share (EPS) data will adjust their basic EPS&#13;calculation for the effect of the feature when triggered (i.e., when the exercise price of the related equity-linked financial&#13;instrument is adjusted downward because of the down round feature) and will also recognize the effect of the trigger within equity.&#13;The amendments also address navigational concerns within the FASB Accounting Standards Codification&amp;#174; related to an indefinite&#13;deferral available to private companies with mandatorily redeemable financial instruments and certain non-controlling interests,&#13;one that created significant &amp;#8220;pending content&amp;#8221; in the Codification. The FASB decided to reclassify the indefinite deferral&#13;as a scope exception, which does not have an accounting effect. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December&#13;15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Adoption of ASU 2017-11 will not have material effect to the Company&amp;#8217;s&#13;consolidated financial statements.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU&#13;2018-2,&amp;#8221; Income Statement&amp;#8212;Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from&#13;Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income&amp;#8221;. &amp;#8220;These amendments provide financial statement preparers with an option to&#13;reclassify stranded tax effects within AOCI to retained earnings in each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal&#13;corporate income tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (or portion thereof) is recorded. The ASU requires financial statement preparers&#13;to disclose: -A description of the accounting policy for releasing income tax effects from AOCI; -Whether they elect to reclassify&#13;the stranded income tax effects from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act; and -Information about the other income tax effects that are reclassified.&#13;The amendments affect any organization that is required to apply the provisions of Topic 220, Income Statement&amp;#8212;Reporting&#13;Comprehensive Income, and has items of other comprehensive income for which the related tax effects are presented in other comprehensive&#13;income as required by GAAP.&amp;#8221; Effective for all organizations for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim&#13;periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. Organizations should apply the proposed amendments either in the&#13;period of adoption or retrospectively to each period (or periods) in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate&#13;income tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act is recognized. Adoption of ASU 2018-2 is not expected to have material impact on the&#13;consolidated financial statements.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-9,&#13;&amp;#8220;Codification Improvements&amp;#8221;. These amendments represent changes to clarify, correct errors in, or make minor improvements&#13;to the Codification, eliminating inconsistencies and providing clarifications in current guidance. The amendments in this ASU include&#13;those made to: Subtopic 220-10, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Overall; Subtopic 718-740, Compensation-Stock Compensation-Income&#13;Taxes; Subtopic 805-740, Business Combinations-Income Taxes; Subtopic 820-10, Fair Value Measurement-Overall; and others. &amp;#8220;The&#13;transition and effective date guidance is based on the facts and circumstances of each amendment. Some of the amendments do not&#13;require transition guidance and will be effective upon issuance. However, many of the amendments do have transition guidance with&#13;effective dates for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, for public business entities. There are some conforming amendments&#13;that have been made to recently issued guidance that is not yet effective that may require application of the transition and effective&#13;date guidance in the original ASU.&amp;#8221; Adoption of ASU 2018-9 is not expected to have material impact on the consolidated financial&#13;statements.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU&#13;2018-13,&amp;#8221; Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework&amp;#8212;Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair&#13;Value Measurement.&amp;#8221; &amp;#8220;These amendments modify the disclosure requirements in Topic 820 as follows: Removals -The amount&#13;of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy; -The policy for timing of transfers between&#13;levels; -The valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements; and -For nonpublic entities, the changes in unrealized gains&#13;and losses for the period included in earnings for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period.&#13;Modifications -In lieu of a rollforward for Level 3 fair value measurements, a nonpublic entity is required to disclose transfers&#13;into and out of Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy and purchases and issues of Level 3 assets and liabilities; -For investments&#13;in certain entities that calculate net asset value, an entity is required to disclose the timing of liquidation of an investee&amp;#8217;s&#13;assets and the date when restrictions from redemption might lapse only if the investee has communicated the timing to the entity&#13;or announced the timing publicly; and -The amendments clarify that the measurement uncertainty disclosure is to communicate information&#13;about the uncertainty in measurement as of the reporting date. Additions -The changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period&#13;included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period; and&#13;- The range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. For certain&#13;unobservable inputs, an entity may disclose other quantitative information (such as the median or arithmetic average) in lieu of&#13;the weighted average if the entity determines that other quantitative information would be a more reasonable and rational method&#13;to reflect the distribution of unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements.&amp;#8221; &amp;#8220;For all entities,&#13;amendments are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The&#13;amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to&#13;develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively&#13;for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should&#13;be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. Early adoption is permitted. An entity is permitted&#13;to early adopt any removed or modified disclosures upon issuance of ASU No. 2018-13 and delay adoption of the additional disclosures&#13;until their effective date.&amp;#8221; Adoption of ASU 2018-13 is not expected to have material impact on the consolidated financial&#13;statements.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU&#13;2018-15, &amp;#8220;Intangibles&amp;#8212;Goodwill and Other&amp;#8212;Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer&amp;#8217;s Accounting&#13;for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract.&amp;#8221; These amendments align the&#13;requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements&#13;for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include&#13;an internal use software license). The accounting for the service element of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract is&#13;not affected by these amendments. &amp;#8220;For public business entities, the amendments are effective for annual periods, including&#13;interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2019. For all other entities, the amendments are effective&#13;for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods in annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021.&#13;Early adoption is permitted.&amp;#8221; Adoption of ASU 2018-13 is not expected to have material impact on the consolidated financial&#13;statements.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company has considered all other&#13;recently issued accounting pronouncements and does not believe that such pronouncements will apply to the consolidated financial&#13;statements.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccountsNotesLoansAndFinancingReceivableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Accounts receivable as at June 30, 2018 and December 31,&#13;2017 are as follows:&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;June 30,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;December 31,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Accounts Receivable&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;9,808,594&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;8,249,457&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Allowance for doubtful accounts&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(2,884,899&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(2,981,705&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Accounts Receivable &amp;#8211; Net&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;6,923,695&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5,267,752&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Accounts Receivable-related parties&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;7,389,359&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;4,872,743&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccountsNotesLoansAndFinancingReceivableTextBlock>
    <TAOP:ScheduleOfAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The following table describes the movements&#13;in the allowance for doubtful accounts during the six month period ended June 30, 2018 and the year ended December 31, 2017:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 79%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance at January 1, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,625,765&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Increase in allowance for doubtful accounts&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;180,305&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Foreign exchange difference&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;175,635&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance at December 31, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,981,705&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Increase in allowance for doubtful accounts&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;28,155&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Amounts recovered during the period&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(74,446&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Foreign exchange difference&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(50,515&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance at June 30, 2018 (Unaudited)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,884,899&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</TAOP:ScheduleOfAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsTableTextBlock>
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   &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Prices in&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Active&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Total Gains&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Markets&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Significant&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Losses) for&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;for&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Other&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Significant&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;the year&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;As of&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Identical&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Observable&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Unobservable&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;ended&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Liabilities&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Inputs&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Inputs&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Level 1)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Level 2)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Level 3)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 30%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Warrants liability&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 11%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 11%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 11%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 11%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 11%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,719&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total recurring fair value measurements&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;3,719&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock>
    <TAOP:ScheduleOfFairValueOfDerivativeLiabilityRelatedToWarrantsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The following tables reflect the quantitative&#13;information about recurring Level 3 fair value measurements:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Series A&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Warrants&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;December 31, 2017:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 79%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Annual volatility&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;56.13&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Risk-free rate&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.46&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Dividend rate&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.00&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Contractual term&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.4 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Closing price of ordinary shares&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.48&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Conversion/exercise price&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;7.73&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</TAOP:ScheduleOfFairValueOfDerivativeLiabilityRelatedToWarrantsTableTextBlock>
    <TAOP:ScheduleOfEstimatedUsefulLivesTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentMember">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Estimated useful lives of property,&#13;plant and equipment are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 79%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Office buildings&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;20-50 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Plant and machinery&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3-20 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Electronics equipment, furniture and fixtures&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3-5 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Motor vehicles&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Purchased software&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3-10 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</TAOP:ScheduleOfEstimatedUsefulLivesTableTextBlock>
    <TAOP:ScheduleOfEstimatedUsefulLivesTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30_custom_IntangibleAssetsMember">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Intangible assets are stated at acquisition&#13;fair value or cost less accumulated amortization, and amortized using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful&#13;lives:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 79%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Software development costs&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3-5 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Trademarks&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</TAOP:ScheduleOfEstimatedUsefulLivesTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfVariableInterestEntitiesTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;The VIE&amp;#8217;s assets and liabilities were as follows as&#13;of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total current assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;15,988,856&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;12,989,673&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Property, plant and equipment&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,084,455&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,283,672&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Intangible assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;358,217&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;776,405&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Non-current assets from discontinued operations&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;24,629,085&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;22,248,087&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Intercompany payable to the WFOE&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;13,809,458&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;13,851,481&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total current liabilities&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;27,504,894&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;28,571,686&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total liabilities&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;27,504,894&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;28,571,686&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total equity&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(2,875,809&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(6,323,599&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfVariableInterestEntitiesTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;Components of basic and diluted earnings per share were as&#13;follows for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Six Months&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Six Months&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ended&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ended&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30, 2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30, 2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Numerator:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 58%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Net income attributable to the Company&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,004,697&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;34,697&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Denominator:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Weighted average outstanding ordinary shares-Basic&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;40,690,019&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;40,231,159&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-dilutive effect of stock options- employees&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;958,109&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-dilutive effect of stock options- nonemployees&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;64,556&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Weighted average outstanding ordinary shares- Diluted&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;41,712,684&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;40,231,159&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Earnings per share:&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Basic&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.05&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.00&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Diluted&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.05&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.00&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, inventories consist&#13;of:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Raw materials&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;74,208&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;74,736&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Work in Process&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;13,268&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;13,497&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Finished goods&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;601,267&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;472,594&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Cost of projects&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;162,649&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;297,951&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;851,392&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;858,778&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Allowance for slow-moving or obsolete inventories&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(254,609&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(227,168&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Inventories, net&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;596,783&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;631,610&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, property, plant&#13;and equipment consist of:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Office buildings&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;4,963,371&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5,177,737&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Electronic equipment, furniture and fixtures&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;11,328,333&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;11,422,706&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Motor vehicles&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;304,400&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;333,769&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Purchased software&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;11,885,780&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;10,998,174&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;28,481,884&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;27,932,386&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Less: accumulated depreciation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(17,190,599&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(16,101,688&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Property, plant and equipment, net&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;11,291,285&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;11,830,698&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, intangible assets&#13;consist of:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Software and software&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;development costs&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Trademarks&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Total&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Amortized intangible assets:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Gross carrying amounts&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 37%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance as of January 1, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;4,045,285&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;884,483&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;4,929,768&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Foreign currency translation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;270,585&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;59,162&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;329,747&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance as of December 31, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;4,315,870&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;943,645&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5,259,515&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Foreign currency translation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(73,117&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(15,987&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(89,104&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance as of June 30, 2018(Unaudited)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;4,242,753&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;927,658&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5,170,411&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Accumulated amortization&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance as of January 1, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,537,736&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;835,726&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,373,462&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Amortization expense&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;801,475&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;18,993&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;820,468&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Foreign currency translation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;200,255&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;56,623&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;256,878&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance as of December 31, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,539,466&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;911,342&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;4,450,808&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Amortization expense&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;421,047&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;9,415&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;430,462&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Foreign currency translation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(75,977&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(15,797&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(91,774&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance as of June 30, 2018(Unaudited)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,884,536&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;904,960&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;4,789,496&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total amortized intangible assets, net as of June 30, 2018(Unaudited)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;358,217&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;22,698&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;380,915&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfShortTermDebtTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;(a) Short-term bank loans&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Secured short-term loans&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;7,280,369&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;7,817,610&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total short-term bank loans&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;7,280,369&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;7,817,610&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfShortTermDebtTextBlock>
    <TAOP:ScheduleOfSecuredShortTermBankDebt contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;Detailed information of secured short-term loan balances&#13;as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Guaranteed by High-tech Investment Company(i) and Mr. Lin&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,057,315&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,536,480&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Guaranteed by IST and guaranteed by Mr. Lin and guaranteed by Biznest and collateralized by IST&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;4,531,350&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;4,609,440&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Guaranteed by IST and guaranteed by iASPEC and Collateralized by ISIOT and Secured by ISTIL&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,691,704&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,671,690&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;7,280,369&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;7,817,610&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;(i) High-tech Investment Company is an unrelated third party.&lt;/p&gt;</TAOP:ScheduleOfSecuredShortTermBankDebt>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxDomesticAndForeignTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Pre-tax income (loss) from continuing&#13;operations for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 were taxable in the following jurisdictions:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Six Months&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Six Months&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ended&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ended&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;PRC&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,739,641&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(600,524&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Others&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(853,113&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(430,543&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total income (loss) before income taxes&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;886,528&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(1,031,067&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxDomesticAndForeignTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Income tax (benefit) expense from continuing&#13;operations consists of the following:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Six Months&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Six Months&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ended&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ended&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 62%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Current taxes&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 16%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1,286,388&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 16%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1,045,500&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Income tax benefit&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1,286,388&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1,045,500&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;Current income tax benefit was recorded in 2018 and 2017&#13;and was related to differences between the book and corporate income tax returns.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Six Months&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Six Months&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ended&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Ended&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 62%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;PRC statutory tax rate&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;25&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;25&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Computed expected income tax (benefit) expense&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;221,632&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(257,767&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Tax rate differential benefit from tax holiday&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(248,536&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;26,817&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Permanent differences&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1,447,813&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(930,476&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Tax effect of deductible temporary differences not recognized&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(24,949&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(47,995&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Non-deductible tax loss&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;213,278&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;163,921&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Income tax (benefit) expense&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(1,286,388&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(1,045,500&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;The significant components of deferred tax assets and deferred&#13;tax liabilities were as follows as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30, 2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31, 2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="6" style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Deferred&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Deferred&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Deferred&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Deferred&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Tax&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Tax&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Tax&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Tax&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Assets&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Liabilities&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Assets&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Liabilities&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 40%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Allowance for doubtful accounts&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,142,987&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,188,831&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Loss carry-forwards&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,483,777&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,314,061&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Fixed assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,084&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(243,913&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;20,937&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(243,728&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Inventory valuation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;325,002&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;408,905&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Salary payable&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;8,839&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;12,113&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Intangible assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;226,057&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;132,517&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;212,283&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;134,801&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Gross deferred tax assets and liabilities&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;3,189,746&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(111,396&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;3,157,130&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(108,927&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Valuation allowance&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(3,078,350&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(3,048,203&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total deferred tax assets and liabilities&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;111,396&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(111,396&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;108,927&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(108,927&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfOtherCurrentAssetsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, other current&#13;assets consist of:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Advances to unrelated-parties &lt;sup&gt;(ii) &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;7,280&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,244,348&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Receivable from sale of the deposit of the land use right&lt;sup&gt;(i) &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,267,532&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,323,843&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Advances to employees&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;75,315&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;53,025&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Subsidy income receivable(VAT)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;40,489&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;147,632&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Installation contract deposits &lt;sup&gt;(iii) &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5,606&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;8,776&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Other current assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;94,895&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;77,168&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;3,491,117&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5,854,792&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 5%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(i) &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The Company planned to purchase land use rights in Dongguan City for expansion of operations in manufacturing and office building in 2010. Under the terms of the purchase agreement with Dongguan Fenggang Municipal Government (the &amp;#8220;Local Government&amp;#8221;), IST paid approximately $14.0 million (RMB 90.8 million) in total with the Local Government as security deposit for purchase of land use rights, which was refundable, if the Company was to terminate the agreement. In September 2016, the Company terminated the purchase agreement because of the shift of the Company&amp;#8217;s business strategy and transformation of the Company&amp;#8217;s business. The Company sold deposit receivable of approximately $13.0 million (RMB 90.2 million) without recourse to an unrelated party, Dongguan Dongyi Industrial Co., Ltd. (&amp;#8220;Dongyi&amp;#8221;), in a consideration of approximately $10.4 million (RMB 72.2 million) with an installment payment plan until December 31, 2019. For the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company received approximately $1.0 million from Dongyi. For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company received approximately an aggregate of $3.3 million from Dongyi. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The transaction was governed by FASB ASC 860-20, Sales of Financial Assets. The Company recognized and recorded a loss of approximately $2.7 million from the sale in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2016.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(ii) &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The advances to unrelated parties for business development, and are non-interest bearing.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(iii) &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Deposits for installation contract are made from time-to-time by the Company to demonstrate the Company&amp;#8217;s capabilities in capital and resources in connection with bidding on certain projects. Such amounts are refundable upon completion of the bidding processes.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfOtherCurrentAssetsTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfOtherAssetsNoncurrentTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, other non-current&#13;assets consist of:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Receivable from sale of the deposit of the land use right&lt;sup&gt;(i) &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,269,967&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,326,319&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;3,269,967&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;3,326,319&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 5%; font: 11pt/107% Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(i) &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="font: 11pt/107% Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The Company planned to purchase land use rights in Dongguan City for expansion of operations in manufacturing and office building in 2010. Under the terms of the purchase agreement with Dongguan Fenggang Municipal Government (the &amp;#8220;Local Government&amp;#8221;), IST paid approximately $14.0 million (RMB 90.8 million) in total with the Local Government as security deposit for purchase of land use rights, which was refundable, if the Company was to terminate the agreement. In September 2016, the Company terminated the purchase agreement because of the shift of the Company&amp;#8217;s business strategy and transformation of the Company&amp;#8217;s business. The Company sold deposit receivable of approximately $13.0 million (RMB 90.2 million) without recourse to an unrelated party, Dongguan Dongyi Industrial Co., Ltd. (&amp;#8220;Dongyi&amp;#8221;), in a consideration of approximately $10.4 million (RMB 72.2 million) with an installment payment plan until December 31, 2019. For the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company received approximately $1.0 million from Dongyi. For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company received approximately an aggregate of $3.3 million from Dongyi. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfOtherAssetsNoncurrentTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityNoteWarrantsOrRightsTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The following table outlines the number&#13;of warrants outstanding and exercisable as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30, 2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31, 2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Number of&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Number of&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Warrants&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Warrants&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Warrants&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Exercise&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Expiration&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Outstanding&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Outstanding&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Outstanding&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Price&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Date&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 32%; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Series A&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;525,621&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;7.73&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;05/27/2018 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityNoteWarrantsOrRightsTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfDerivativeLiabilitiesAtFairValueTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Changes in the fair value of the derivative&#13;warrant liabilities and key assumptions at the issue date and each reporting date are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Series A&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13; 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   &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance at January 1, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,719&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,719&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Adjustment resulting from the change in the fair value for the reporting period&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(3,719&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(3,719&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance at December 31, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfDerivativeLiabilitiesAtFairValueTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, other payables&#13;and accrued expenses consist of:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Advances from unrelated third-parties &lt;sup&gt;(i) &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;393,453&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;194,552&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Other taxes payable &lt;sup&gt;(ii) &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,876,127&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,772,560&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Unrecognized tax benefits &lt;sup&gt;(iii) &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;433,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;433,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Accrued professional fees&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;88,464&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;158,747&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Amount due to employees &lt;sup&gt;(iv) &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;184,130&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;198,370&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Other current liabilities&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;267,572&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;281,188&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;4,242,746&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;4,038,417&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 5%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(i) &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The advances from unrelated parties are non-interest bearing and due on demand.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(ii) &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The other taxes payable were the amounts due to the value added tax, business tax, city maintenance and construction tax, and individual income tax. The increase in other taxes payable was mainly attributed to reassessment of prior years&amp;#8217; business tax, value added tax, land use tax, and other auxiliary taxes.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(iii) &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The Unrecognized tax benefits refer to the land value added tax due to the sale of property, equipment, and land use rights in September 2015.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(iv) &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The amounts due to employees were pertaining to employees&amp;#8217; out-of-pocket expenses for travel and meal allowance, etc.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The following table summarizes the inputs&#13;and assumptions used to estimate the fair values of the share options granted for the six months ended as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 79%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Exercise price&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.99&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Expected term&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3 years &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Expected volatility&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;80.40&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Expected dividend yield&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Risk free interest rate&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.59&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Fair Value&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.59&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;Stock option activity for the six months ended June 30, 2018&#13;is summarized as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Weighted Average&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Remaining&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Aggregated&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Options&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Weighted Average&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Contractual Life&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Intrinsic&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Outstanding&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Exercise Price&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Years)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Value&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 42%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Outstanding at December 31, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 2%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,918,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 2%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.14&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 2%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3.40&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 2%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;996,860&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Exercised&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(802,800&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.21&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Canceled&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(61,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.15&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Outstanding at June 30, 2018(Unaudited)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,054,200&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.11&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2.90&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;390,358&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Vested and expected to be vested as of June 30, 2018(Unaudited)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,528,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.08&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2.90&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;332,440&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Options exercisable as of June 30, 2018(Unaudited) (vested)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;378,400&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.99&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2.90&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;116,776&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfNonvestedShareActivityTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The following table summarizes the status&#13;of options which contain vesting provisions:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Weighted&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Average&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Grant Date&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Options&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Fair Value&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Non-vested at January 1, 2018&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,112,800&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.70&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Vested&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(376,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.59&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Canceled&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(61,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.73&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Non-vested at June 30, 2018(Unaudited)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,675,800&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;0.72&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:ScheduleOfNonvestedShareActivityTableTextBlock>
    <TAOP:ScheduleOfStockOptionsOutstandingAndExercisableTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The following table outlines the options&#13;outstanding and exercisable as of June 30, 2018:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30, 2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Number of&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Options&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Exercise&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Expiration&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Outstanding&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Price&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Date&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 55%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2017 Service Agreement Options (Marketing)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;50,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.29&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;10/31/2020 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2017 Service Agreement Options (Marketing)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;50,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1.63&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;11/30/2020 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2017 Service Agreement Options (Marketing)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;50,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13; 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    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfForeignExchangeContractsStatementOfFinancialPositionTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;The exchange rates adopted are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13; 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   &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 55%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Period-end RMB to US$ exchange rate&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13; 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OTHER CURRENT AND NON-CURRENT ASSETS&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;(a) As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, other current&#13;assets consist of:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Advances to unrelated-parties &lt;sup&gt;(ii) &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;7,280&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,244,348&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Receivable from sale of the deposit of the land use right&lt;sup&gt;(i) &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,267,532&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,323,843&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Advances to employees&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;75,315&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;53,025&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Subsidy income receivable(VAT)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;40,489&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;147,632&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Installation contract deposits &lt;sup&gt;(iii) &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5,606&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;8,776&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Other current assets&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;94,895&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;77,168&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;3,491,117&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5,854,792&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; width: 5%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(i) &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The Company planned to purchase land use rights in Dongguan City for expansion of operations in manufacturing and office building in 2010. Under the terms of the purchase agreement with Dongguan Fenggang Municipal Government (the &amp;#8220;Local Government&amp;#8221;), IST paid approximately $14.0 million (RMB 90.8 million) in total with the Local Government as security deposit for purchase of land use rights, which was refundable, if the Company was to terminate the agreement. In September 2016, the Company terminated the purchase agreement because of the shift of the Company&amp;#8217;s business strategy and transformation of the Company&amp;#8217;s business. The Company sold deposit receivable of approximately $13.0 million (RMB 90.2 million) without recourse to an unrelated party, Dongguan Dongyi Industrial Co., Ltd. (&amp;#8220;Dongyi&amp;#8221;), in a consideration of approximately $10.4 million (RMB 72.2 million) with an installment payment plan until December 31, 2019. For the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company received approximately $1.0 million from Dongyi. For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company received approximately an aggregate of $3.3 million from Dongyi. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The transaction was governed by FASB ASC 860-20, Sales of Financial Assets. The Company recognized and recorded a loss of approximately $2.7 million from the sale in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2016.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(ii) &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The advances to unrelated parties for business development, and are non-interest bearing.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="vertical-align: top; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(iii) &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Deposits for installation contract are made from time-to-time by the Company to demonstrate the Company&amp;#8217;s capabilities in capital and resources in connection with bidding on certain projects. Such amounts are refundable upon completion of the bidding processes.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;(b) As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, other non-current&#13;assets consist of:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Receivable from sale of the deposit of the land use right&lt;sup&gt;(i) &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,269,967&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,326,319&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;3,269,967&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;3,326,319&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:OtherCurrentAssetsTextBlock>
    <TAOP:ScheduleOfSubsidiariesAndVariableInterestEntityTableTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; 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   &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Entities&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;VIE&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;% owned&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13; 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Co., Ltd. (Biznest)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;VIE&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shenzhen, China&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shenzhen Taoping Internet Tech. Co., Ltd. (Taoping)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;VIE&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shenzhen, China&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;iASPEC Bocom IoT Tech. Co., Ltd. (Bocom)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;VIE&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;%&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Shenzhen, China&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</TAOP:ScheduleOfSubsidiariesAndVariableInterestEntityTableTextBlock>
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   &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(Unaudited)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 62%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Employees and directors share-based payments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;290,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(d)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;247,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(d)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Stock options issued for services&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;22,000&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(e)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13; 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line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;$&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;247,000&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:DisclosureOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTextBlock>
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    <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized contextRef="From2017-01-01to2017-06-30" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">1379000</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized>
    <us-gaap:NumberOfReportableSegments contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30" unitRef="Number" decimals="INF">2</us-gaap:NumberOfReportableSegments>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue contextRef="AsOf2017-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">3719</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromPreviousAcquisition contextRef="From2007-01-01to2007-12-31_custom_FirstInstallmentMember_custom_RMBCurrencyExchaneMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">38000000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromPreviousAcquisition>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromPreviousAcquisition contextRef="From2008-01-01to2008-12-31_custom_SecondInstallmentMember_custom_RMBCurrencyExchaneMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">38000000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromPreviousAcquisition>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromPreviousAcquisition contextRef="From2007-01-01to2007-12-31_custom_FirstInstallmentMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">5400000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromPreviousAcquisition>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromPreviousAcquisition contextRef="From2008-01-01to2008-12-31_custom_SecondInstallmentMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">5400000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromPreviousAcquisition>
    <us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30_us-gaap_WarrantMember" unitRef="Shares" decimals="INF">525621</us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount>
    <us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount contextRef="From2017-01-01to2017-06-30_us-gaap_WarrantMember" unitRef="Shares" decimals="INF">525621</us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount>
    <us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30_custom_StockOptionsMember" unitRef="Shares" decimals="INF">2973000</us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount>
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    <us-gaap:AssetImpairmentCharges contextRef="From2017-01-01to2017-06-30" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">165000</us-gaap:AssetImpairmentCharges>
    <us-gaap:SecuredDebt contextRef="AsOf2018-06-30" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">7280369</us-gaap:SecuredDebt>
    <us-gaap:SecuredDebt contextRef="AsOf2017-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">7817610</us-gaap:SecuredDebt>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLossCarryforwardsExpirationDate contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30_custom_RMBCurrencyExchangeMember">2022-12-31</us-gaap:OperatingLossCarryforwardsExpirationDate>
    <TAOP:OtherCurrentAssets contextRef="AsOf2018-06-30" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">94895</TAOP:OtherCurrentAssets>
    <TAOP:OtherCurrentAssets contextRef="AsOf2017-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">77168</TAOP:OtherCurrentAssets>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromDepositsOnRealEstateSales contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">13000000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromDepositsOnRealEstateSales>
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    <us-gaap:DerivativeLiabilities contextRef="AsOf2017-12-31" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">3719</us-gaap:DerivativeLiabilities>
    <us-gaap:DerivativeLiabilities contextRef="AsOf2017-12-31_custom_SeriesAWarrantsMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="0">3719</us-gaap:DerivativeLiabilities>
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    <us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentsAndHedgingActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;b&gt;13. WARRANT LIABILITY&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;In May 2015, the Company closed an equity&#13;offering and issued 2,102,484 ordinary shares to certain institutional investors at a price of $6.44 per share. At the same time,&#13;the Company also issued Series A and Series B warrants to purchase an aggregate of 1,576,863 ordinary shares to the same investors&#13;under the equity offering.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The following table outlines the number&#13;of warrants outstanding and exercisable as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;June 30, 2018&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;December 31, 2017&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Number of&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Number of&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Warrants&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Warrants&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Warrants&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Exercise&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Expiration&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Outstanding&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Outstanding&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Outstanding&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Price&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Date&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 32%; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Series A&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 18%; border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;525,621&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;7.73&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;05/27/2018 &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&lt;u&gt;Series A warrants&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Series A warrants were issued to purchase&#13;an aggregate of 525,621 ordinary shares at an exercise price of $7.73 per share. The Series A warrants have a term of three years&#13;and are exercisable by the holders at any time after the date of issuance before the expiration date. A holder of the Series A&#13;warrants has the right to exercise warrants on a cashless basis, if a registration statement or prospectus is not available for&#13;the issuance of the ordinary shares upon exercise of the warrants. The Series A warrants are classified as liability with fair&#13;value of $0 at December 31, 2017. And Series A warrants remained outstanding as of December 31, 2017 and expired without exercise&#13;as of June 30, 2018.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company recognizes the warrants&#13;liability at their respective fair values at inception and on each reporting date. The Company utilized a binomial option pricing&#13;model (&amp;#8220;BOPM&amp;#8221;) and a Monte-Carlo simulation to develop its assumptions for determining the fair value of the warrants&#13;A and B, respectively. Changes in the fair value of the derivative warrant liabilities and key assumptions at the issue date and&#13;each reporting date are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse"&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Series A&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Warrants&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Total&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance at January 1, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,719&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,719&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Adjustment resulting from the change in the fair value for the reporting period&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(3,719&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(3,719&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white"&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Balance at December 31, 2017&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"&gt;&lt;font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&#13;    &lt;td style="line-height: 107%"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&#13;&lt;/table&gt;&#13;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:DerivativeInstrumentsAndHedgingActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock>
    <TAOP:SalesUseAndOtherValueAddedTaxPolicyTextBlock contextRef="From2018-01-01to2018-06-30">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;(u) Sales, use, other value-added taxes,&#13;and Income Taxes&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Revenue is recorded net of applicable&#13;sales, use, and value-added taxes.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;Income taxes are provided on an asset&#13;and liability approach for financial accounting and reporting of income taxes. Deferred income taxes are recognized for all significant&#13;temporary differences at enacted rates and classified as non-current in the financial statements. A valuation allowance is provided&#13;to reduce the amount of deferred tax assets if it is considered more likely than not that some portion, or all of, the deferred&#13;tax assets will not be realized. The Company classifies interest and/or penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits, if any,&#13;as a component of income tax expense.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;&#13;&#13;&lt;p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"&gt;The Company applies the provisions&#13;of ASC No. 740 &amp;#8220;Income Taxes&amp;#8221; (&amp;#8220;ASC 740&amp;#8221;), which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes&#13;recognized by prescribing a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement&#13;of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC 740 also provides accounting guidance on de-recognition,&#13;classification, interest and penalties, and disclosure.&lt;/p&gt;</TAOP:SalesUseAndOtherValueAddedTaxPolicyTextBlock>
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    <element id="TAOP_ProductsRelatedPartiesMember" name="ProductsRelatedPartiesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="nonnum:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
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</schema>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.CAL
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>taop-20180630_cal.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL CALCULATION FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
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    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x80190002 -->
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_CostProductsMember" xlink:label="TAOP_CostProductsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_CostProductsMember" xlink:to="TAOP_CostProductsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_CostProductsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cost - Products [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_CostSoftwareMember" xlink:label="TAOP_CostSoftwareMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_CostSoftwareMember" xlink:to="TAOP_CostSoftwareMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_CostSoftwareMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cost - Software [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_CostSystemIntegrationMember" xlink:label="TAOP_CostSystemIntegrationMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_CostSystemIntegrationMember" xlink:to="TAOP_CostSystemIntegrationMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_CostSystemIntegrationMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cost - System Integration [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_CostOthersMember" xlink:label="TAOP_CostOthersMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_CostOthersMember" xlink:to="TAOP_CostOthersMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_CostOthersMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cost - Others [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Components [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_OrdinarySharesMember" xlink:label="TAOP_OrdinarySharesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_OrdinarySharesMember" xlink:to="TAOP_OrdinarySharesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_OrdinarySharesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Ordinary Shares [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Additional Paid-In Capital [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_ReserveMember" xlink:label="TAOP_ReserveMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ReserveMember" xlink:to="TAOP_ReserveMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_ReserveMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Reserve [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated Deficit [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncontrolling Interest [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueByAssetClassAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByAssetClassAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueByAssetClassAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueByAssetClassAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByAssetClassAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Asset Class [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Property, Plant and Equipment [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_IntangibleAssetsMember" xlink:label="TAOP_IntangibleAssetsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_IntangibleAssetsMember" xlink:to="TAOP_IntangibleAssetsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_IntangibleAssetsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Intangible Assets [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2018/dei-2018-01-31.xsd#dei_LegalEntityAxis" xlink:label="dei_LegalEntityAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LegalEntityAxis" xlink:to="dei_LegalEntityAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_LegalEntityAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Legal Entity [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_ChinaInformationTechnologyIncMember" xlink:label="TAOP_ChinaInformationTechnologyIncMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ChinaInformationTechnologyIncMember" xlink:to="TAOP_ChinaInformationTechnologyIncMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_ChinaInformationTechnologyIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">China Information Technology Inc [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_ChinaInformationTechnologyHoldingsLimitedMember" xlink:label="TAOP_ChinaInformationTechnologyHoldingsLimitedMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ChinaInformationTechnologyHoldingsLimitedMember" xlink:to="TAOP_ChinaInformationTechnologyHoldingsLimitedMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_ChinaInformationTechnologyHoldingsLimitedMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">China Information Technology Holdings Limited [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_InformationSecurityTechInternationalCoLtdMember" xlink:label="TAOP_InformationSecurityTechInternationalCoLtdMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_InformationSecurityTechInternationalCoLtdMember" xlink:to="TAOP_InformationSecurityTechInternationalCoLtdMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_InformationSecurityTechInternationalCoLtdMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Information Security Tech International Co Ltd [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_InformationSecurityTechChinaMember" xlink:label="TAOP_InformationSecurityTechChinaMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_InformationSecurityTechChinaMember" xlink:to="TAOP_InformationSecurityTechChinaMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_InformationSecurityTechChinaMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Information Security Tech (China) Co Ltd [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_TopCloudSoftwareChinaCoLtdMember" xlink:label="TAOP_TopCloudSoftwareChinaCoLtdMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_TopCloudSoftwareChinaCoLtdMember" xlink:to="TAOP_TopCloudSoftwareChinaCoLtdMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_TopCloudSoftwareChinaCoLtdMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TopCloud Software (China) Co Ltd [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_InformationSecurityIoTTechCoLtdMember" xlink:label="TAOP_InformationSecurityIoTTechCoLtdMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_InformationSecurityIoTTechCoLtdMember" xlink:to="TAOP_InformationSecurityIoTTechCoLtdMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_InformationSecurityIoTTechCoLtdMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Information Security IoT Tech Co Ltd [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_IASPECTechnologyGroupCoLtdMember" xlink:label="TAOP_IASPECTechnologyGroupCoLtdMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_IASPECTechnologyGroupCoLtdMember" xlink:to="TAOP_IASPECTechnologyGroupCoLtdMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_IASPECTechnologyGroupCoLtdMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">iASPEC Technology Group Co Ltd [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_BiznestInternetTechCoLtdMember" xlink:label="TAOP_BiznestInternetTechCoLtdMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_BiznestInternetTechCoLtdMember" xlink:to="TAOP_BiznestInternetTechCoLtdMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_BiznestInternetTechCoLtdMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Biznest Internet Tech Co Ltd [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_ShenzhenTaopingInternetTechCoLtdMember" xlink:label="TAOP_ShenzhenTaopingInternetTechCoLtdMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ShenzhenTaopingInternetTechCoLtdMember" xlink:to="TAOP_ShenzhenTaopingInternetTechCoLtdMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_ShenzhenTaopingInternetTechCoLtdMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Shenzhen Taoping Internet Tech Co Ltd [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_IASPECBocomIoTTechCoLtdMember" xlink:label="TAOP_IASPECBocomIoTTechCoLtdMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_IASPECBocomIoTTechCoLtdMember" xlink:to="TAOP_IASPECBocomIoTTechCoLtdMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_IASPECBocomIoTTechCoLtdMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">iASPEC Bocom IoT Tech Co Ltd [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_WudaGeoinformaticsCoLtdMember" xlink:label="TAOP_WudaGeoinformaticsCoLtdMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_WudaGeoinformaticsCoLtdMember" xlink:to="TAOP_WudaGeoinformaticsCoLtdMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_WudaGeoinformaticsCoLtdMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Wuda Geoinformatics Co., Ltd [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Award Type [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchangeMember" xlink:label="TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchangeMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchangeMember" xlink:to="TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchangeMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchangeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">RMB [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_IASPECZhongtianSoftwareCoLtdMember" xlink:label="TAOP_IASPECZhongtianSoftwareCoLtdMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_IASPECZhongtianSoftwareCoLtdMember" xlink:to="TAOP_IASPECZhongtianSoftwareCoLtdMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_IASPECZhongtianSoftwareCoLtdMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">iASPEC Zhongtian Software Co., Ltd [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchaneMember" xlink:label="TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchaneMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchaneMember" xlink:to="TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchaneMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchaneMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">RMB [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Measurement Frequency [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Hierarchy and NAV [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Level 1 [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Level 2 [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Level 3 [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Valuation Approach and Technique [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueOptionPricingModelMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueOptionPricingModelMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueOptionPricingModelMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueOptionPricingModelMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueOptionPricingModelMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Valuation Technique, Option Pricing Model [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_SeriesAWarrantsMember" xlink:label="TAOP_SeriesAWarrantsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_SeriesAWarrantsMember" xlink:to="TAOP_SeriesAWarrantsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_SeriesAWarrantsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Series A Warrants [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Measurement Input Type [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedDividendRateMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedDividendRateMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedDividendRateMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedDividendRateMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedDividendRateMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Dividend Rate [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Annual Volatility [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Risk Free Interest Rate [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Contractual Term [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_MeasurementInputExercisePriceMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_MeasurementInputExercisePriceMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MeasurementInputExercisePriceMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_MeasurementInputExercisePriceMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MeasurementInputExercisePriceMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Conversion/Exercise [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Property, Plant and Equipment, Type [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2018/elts/srt-2018-01-31.xsd#srt_OfficeBuildingMember" xlink:label="srt_OfficeBuildingMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_OfficeBuildingMember" xlink:to="srt_OfficeBuildingMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_OfficeBuildingMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Office Building [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2018/elts/srt-2018-01-31.xsd#srt_RangeAxis" xlink:label="srt_RangeAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_RangeAxis" xlink:to="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Range [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2018/elts/srt-2018-01-31.xsd#srt_MinimumMember" xlink:label="srt_MinimumMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_MinimumMember" xlink:to="srt_MinimumMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_MinimumMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Minimum [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2018/elts/srt-2018-01-31.xsd#srt_MaximumMember" xlink:label="srt_MaximumMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_MaximumMember" xlink:to="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Maximum [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_PlantAndMachineryMember" xlink:label="TAOP_PlantAndMachineryMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_PlantAndMachineryMember" xlink:to="TAOP_PlantAndMachineryMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_PlantAndMachineryMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Plant and Machinery [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_ElectronicsEquipmentFurnitureAndFixturesMember" xlink:label="TAOP_ElectronicsEquipmentFurnitureAndFixturesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ElectronicsEquipmentFurnitureAndFixturesMember" xlink:to="TAOP_ElectronicsEquipmentFurnitureAndFixturesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_ElectronicsEquipmentFurnitureAndFixturesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Electronics Equipment, Furniture and Fixtures [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_MotorVehiclesMember" xlink:label="TAOP_MotorVehiclesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_MotorVehiclesMember" xlink:to="TAOP_MotorVehiclesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_MotorVehiclesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Motor Vehicles [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_PurchasedSoftwareMember" xlink:label="TAOP_PurchasedSoftwareMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_PurchasedSoftwareMember" xlink:to="TAOP_PurchasedSoftwareMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_PurchasedSoftwareMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Purchased Software [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_SoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember" xlink:label="TAOP_SoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_SoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember" xlink:to="TAOP_SoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_SoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Software Development Costs [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_TrademarksMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_TrademarksMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TrademarksMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_TrademarksMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TrademarksMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trademarks [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_MeasurementInputClosingPriceMember" xlink:label="TAOP_MeasurementInputClosingPriceMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_MeasurementInputClosingPriceMember" xlink:to="TAOP_MeasurementInputClosingPriceMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_MeasurementInputClosingPriceMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Closing Price of ordinary Shares[Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_VariableRateAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableRateAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_VariableRateAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_VariableRateAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableRateAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Variable Rate [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_PeriodEndRMBMember" xlink:label="TAOP_PeriodEndRMBMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_PeriodEndRMBMember" xlink:to="TAOP_PeriodEndRMBMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_PeriodEndRMBMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Period-end RMB [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_AverageYearlyRMBMember" xlink:label="TAOP_AverageYearlyRMBMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_AverageYearlyRMBMember" xlink:to="TAOP_AverageYearlyRMBMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_AverageYearlyRMBMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Average Yearly RMB [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_AverageSixMonthsRMBMember" xlink:label="TAOP_AverageSixMonthsRMBMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_AverageSixMonthsRMBMember" xlink:to="TAOP_AverageSixMonthsRMBMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_AverageSixMonthsRMBMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Average Six Months RMB [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Type of Arrangement and Non-arrangement Transactions [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_FirstInstallmentMember" xlink:label="TAOP_FirstInstallmentMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_FirstInstallmentMember" xlink:to="TAOP_FirstInstallmentMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_FirstInstallmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">First Installment [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_SecondInstallmentMember" xlink:label="TAOP_SecondInstallmentMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_SecondInstallmentMember" xlink:to="TAOP_SecondInstallmentMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_SecondInstallmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Second Installment [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_OfficeBuildingsMember" xlink:label="TAOP_OfficeBuildingsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_OfficeBuildingsMember" xlink:to="TAOP_OfficeBuildingsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_OfficeBuildingsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Office Buildings [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Software and Software Development Costs [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Short-term Debt, Type [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_BankLoanOneMember" xlink:label="TAOP_BankLoanOneMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_BankLoanOneMember" xlink:to="TAOP_BankLoanOneMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_BankLoanOneMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Bank Loan 1 [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_BankLoanTwoMember" xlink:label="TAOP_BankLoanTwoMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_BankLoanTwoMember" xlink:to="TAOP_BankLoanTwoMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_BankLoanTwoMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Bank Loan 2 [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_BankLoanThreeMember" xlink:label="TAOP_BankLoanThreeMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_BankLoanThreeMember" xlink:to="TAOP_BankLoanThreeMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_BankLoanThreeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Bank Loan 3 [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2018/elts/srt-2018-01-31.xsd#srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:label="srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:to="srt_StatementGeographicalAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_StatementGeographicalAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Geographical [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2017/country-2017-01-31.xsd#country_HK" xlink:label="country_HK" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="country_HK" xlink:to="country_HK_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="country_HK_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Hong Kong [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_HighTechnologyEnterpriseMember" xlink:label="TAOP_HighTechnologyEnterpriseMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_HighTechnologyEnterpriseMember" xlink:to="TAOP_HighTechnologyEnterpriseMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_HighTechnologyEnterpriseMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">High Technology Enterprise [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_BiznestMember" xlink:label="TAOP_BiznestMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_BiznestMember" xlink:to="TAOP_BiznestMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_BiznestMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Biznest [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_SeriesAWarrantMember" xlink:label="TAOP_SeriesAWarrantMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_SeriesAWarrantMember" xlink:to="TAOP_SeriesAWarrantMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_SeriesAWarrantMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Series A Warrant [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Concentration Risk Benchmark [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SalesRevenueNetMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_SalesRevenueNetMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SalesRevenueNetMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_SalesRevenueNetMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SalesRevenueNetMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Sales Revenue, Net [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2018/elts/srt-2018-01-31.xsd#srt_MajorCustomersAxis" xlink:label="srt_MajorCustomersAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_MajorCustomersAxis" xlink:to="srt_MajorCustomersAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_MajorCustomersAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Customer [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_ThreeCustomerMember" xlink:label="TAOP_ThreeCustomerMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ThreeCustomerMember" xlink:to="TAOP_ThreeCustomerMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_ThreeCustomerMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Three Customer [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_TopFiveCustomersMember" xlink:label="TAOP_TopFiveCustomersMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_TopFiveCustomersMember" xlink:to="TAOP_TopFiveCustomersMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_TopFiveCustomersMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Top Five Customers [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts Receivable [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_CustomerOneMember" xlink:label="TAOP_CustomerOneMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_CustomerOneMember" xlink:to="TAOP_CustomerOneMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_CustomerOneMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Customer One [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_CustomerTwoMember" xlink:label="TAOP_CustomerTwoMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_CustomerTwoMember" xlink:to="TAOP_CustomerTwoMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_CustomerTwoMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Customer Two [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of Individual [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_InvestorsMember" xlink:label="TAOP_InvestorsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_InvestorsMember" xlink:to="TAOP_InvestorsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_InvestorsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Investors [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Event Type [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Event [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_JianghuaiLinMember" xlink:label="TAOP_JianghuaiLinMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_JianghuaiLinMember" xlink:to="TAOP_JianghuaiLinMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_JianghuaiLinMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Jianghuai Lin [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_EmployeesAndConsultantsMember" xlink:label="TAOP_EmployeesAndConsultantsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_EmployeesAndConsultantsMember" xlink:to="TAOP_EmployeesAndConsultantsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_EmployeesAndConsultantsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Employees and Consultants [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PlanNameAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_PlanNameAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PlanNameAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_PlanNameAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PlanNameAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Plan Name [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_TwoThousandThirteenEquityIncentivePlanMember" xlink:label="TAOP_TwoThousandThirteenEquityIncentivePlanMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_TwoThousandThirteenEquityIncentivePlanMember" xlink:to="TAOP_TwoThousandThirteenEquityIncentivePlanMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_TwoThousandThirteenEquityIncentivePlanMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2013 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_OfficersEmployeesMember" xlink:label="TAOP_OfficersEmployeesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_OfficersEmployeesMember" xlink:to="TAOP_OfficersEmployeesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_OfficersEmployeesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Officers and Employees [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_TwoThousandSixteenEquityIncentivePlanMember" xlink:label="TAOP_TwoThousandSixteenEquityIncentivePlanMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_TwoThousandSixteenEquityIncentivePlanMember" xlink:to="TAOP_TwoThousandSixteenEquityIncentivePlanMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_TwoThousandSixteenEquityIncentivePlanMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2016 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income Statement Location [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Administrative Expenses [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_EmployeesAndDirectorsMember" xlink:label="TAOP_EmployeesAndDirectorsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_EmployeesAndDirectorsMember" xlink:to="TAOP_EmployeesAndDirectorsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_EmployeesAndDirectorsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Employees and Directors [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_ConsultantsMember" xlink:label="TAOP_ConsultantsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ConsultantsMember" xlink:to="TAOP_ConsultantsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_ConsultantsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Consultants [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_NonEmployeesMember" xlink:label="TAOP_NonEmployeesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_NonEmployeesMember" xlink:to="TAOP_NonEmployeesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_NonEmployeesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-employees [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingOneMember" xlink:label="TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingOneMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingOneMember" xlink:to="TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingOneMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingOneMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2017 Service Agreement Options (Marketing) One [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingTwoMember" xlink:label="TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingTwoMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingTwoMember" xlink:to="TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingTwoMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingTwoMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2017 Service Agreement Options (Marketing) Two [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingThreeMember" xlink:label="TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingThreeMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingThreeMember" xlink:to="TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingThreeMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingThreeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2017 Service Agreement Options (Marketing) Three [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_TwoThousandConsultingServiceAgreementOptionsMember" xlink:label="TAOP_TwoThousandConsultingServiceAgreementOptionsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_TwoThousandConsultingServiceAgreementOptionsMember" xlink:to="TAOP_TwoThousandConsultingServiceAgreementOptionsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_TwoThousandConsultingServiceAgreementOptionsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2017 Consulting Service Agreement Options [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Authority [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_PRCMember" xlink:label="TAOP_PRCMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_PRCMember" xlink:to="TAOP_PRCMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_PRCMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">PRC [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_WarrantMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_WarrantMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WarrantMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_WarrantMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_WarrantMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_StockOptionsMember" xlink:label="TAOP_StockOptionsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_StockOptionsMember" xlink:to="TAOP_StockOptionsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_StockOptionsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Options [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" xlink:label="TAOP_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" xlink:to="TAOP_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document And Entity Information</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2018/dei-2018-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2018/dei-2018-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2018/dei-2018-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current Fiscal Year End Date</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">ASSETS</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">CURRENT ASSETS</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent" />
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts receivable-related parties</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdvancesOnInventoryPurchases" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdvancesOnInventoryPurchases" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdvancesOnInventoryPurchases_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Advances to suppliers</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InventoryNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Inventories, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other current assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Property, plant and equipment, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill" xlink:label="us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Intangible assets, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CostMethodInvestments" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostMethodInvestments" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">LIABILITIES AND EQUITY</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other payables and accrued expenses</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income tax payable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TOTAL LIABILITIES</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">EQUITY</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Ordinary shares, par $0.00; authorized 100,000,000 shares; shares issued and outstanding, June 30, 2018:40,760,163 shares; December 31, 2017: 40,231,159 shares;</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Additional paid-in capital</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatutoryAccountingPracticesStatutoryCapitalAndSurplusBalance" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatutoryAccountingPracticesStatutoryCapitalAndSurplusBalance_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatutoryAccountingPracticesStatutoryCapitalAndSurplusBalance_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Reserve</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated deficit</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated other comprehensive income</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total equity of the Company</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MinorityInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_MinorityInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-controlling interest</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total Equity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Ordinary shares, par value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Ordinary shares, authorized</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Ordinary shares, shares issued</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Ordinary shares, shares outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:label="us-gaap_Revenues" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:to="us-gaap_Revenues_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Revenues_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TOTAL REVENUE</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CostOfRevenue" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostOfRevenue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CostOfRevenue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CostOfRevenue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostOfRevenue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TOTAL COST</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_GrossProfit" xlink:label="us-gaap_GrossProfit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GrossProfit" xlink:to="us-gaap_GrossProfit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_GrossProfit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">GROSS PROFIT</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Administrative expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Research and development expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SellingExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_SellingExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SellingExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_SellingExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SellingExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Selling expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">INCOME(LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_SubsidyIncome" xlink:label="TAOP_SubsidyIncome" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_SubsidyIncome" xlink:to="TAOP_SubsidyIncome_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_SubsidyIncome_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Subsidy income</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncome" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncome" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncome" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncome_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncome_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other income (loss), net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Interest income</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InterestExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InterestExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Interest expense</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Change in fair value of warrant liability</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income (loss) before income taxes</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income tax benefit</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProfitLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProfitLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProfitLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">NET INCOME</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Less: Net (income) loss attributable to the non-controlling interest</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE COMPANY</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Earnings per share - Basic and Diluted</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsPerBasicShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Basic</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsPerDilutedShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Diluted</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_NetEarningsPerShareAttributableToCompanyAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">NET EARNINGS PER SHARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE COMPANY</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Basic</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Diluted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net income</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other comprehensive income (loss):</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign currency translation gain (loss)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive gain (loss)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to the non- controlling interest</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to the Company</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SharesOutstanding" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueIssuedForServices" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueIssuedForServices" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueIssuedForServices" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueIssuedForServices_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueIssuedForServices_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock issued for exercise of the stock options for consulting services</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesIssuedForServices" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesIssuedForServices" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesIssuedForServices" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesIssuedForServices_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesIssuedForServices_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock issued for exercise of the stock options for consulting services, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Issued common stock for exercise of employee options</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Issued common stock for exercise of employee options, shares</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProfitLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net income for the year</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign currency translation loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock based compensation</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesOutstanding_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">OPERATING ACTIVITIES</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdjustmentsNoncashItemsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdjustmentsNoncashItemsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsNoncashItemsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities::</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">(Reversal of) provision for losses on accounts receivable and other current assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Provision for obsolete inventories</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_Depreciation" xlink:label="us-gaap_Depreciation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Depreciation" xlink:to="us-gaap_Depreciation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Depreciation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Depreciation</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization of intangible assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment" xlink:label="us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loss (Gain) on sale of property and equipment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfOtherAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfOtherAssets" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfOtherAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loss on disposal of inventories</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_StockbasedPaymentsForConsultingServices" xlink:label="TAOP_StockbasedPaymentsForConsultingServices" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_StockbasedPaymentsForConsultingServices" xlink:to="TAOP_StockbasedPaymentsForConsultingServices_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_StockbasedPaymentsForConsultingServices_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-based payments for consulting services</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-based compensation</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Change in fair value of warrants liability</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of business acquisitions and dispositions:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts receivable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableRelatedParties" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableRelatedParties" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableRelatedParties" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableRelatedParties_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableRelatedParties_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts receivable from related party and its affiliates</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Inventories</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherReceivables" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherReceivables" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherReceivables" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherReceivables_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherReceivables_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other receivables and prepaid expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_IncreaseDecreaseInAdvancesToSuppliers" xlink:label="TAOP_IncreaseDecreaseInAdvancesToSuppliers" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_IncreaseDecreaseInAdvancesToSuppliers" xlink:to="TAOP_IncreaseDecreaseInAdvancesToSuppliers_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="TAOP_IncreaseDecreaseInAdvancesToSuppliers_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Advances to suppliers</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other payables and accrued expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInCustomerAdvances" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInCustomerAdvances" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInCustomerAdvances" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInCustomerAdvances_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInCustomerAdvances_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Advances from customers</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedParties" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedParties" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedParties" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedParties_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedParties_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Advances from customers from related party and its affiliates</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedPartiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedPartiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedPartiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amounts due to related parties</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts payable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedIncomeTaxesPayable" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedIncomeTaxesPayable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedIncomeTaxesPayable" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedIncomeTaxesPayable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedIncomeTaxesPayable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income tax payable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash provided (used) in operating activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">INVESTING ACTIVITIES</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from sale of property and equipment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Purchases of property and equipment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash used in investing activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">FINANCING ACTIVITIES</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromShortTermDebt" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromShortTermDebt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromShortTermDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromShortTermDebt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromShortTermDebt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Borrowings under short-term loans</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from issuance of ordinary shares in connection with cash exercise of stock options</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RepaymentsOfShortTermDebt" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfShortTermDebt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfShortTermDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfShortTermDebt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfShortTermDebt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repayment of short-term loans</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash used in financing activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashAndCashEquivalents" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashAndCashEquivalents" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashAndCashEquivalents_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, ENDING</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_CashPaidDuringTheYearAbstract" xlink:label="TAOP_CashPaidDuringTheYearAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_CashPaidDuringTheYearAbstract" xlink:to="TAOP_CashPaidDuringTheYearAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_CashPaidDuringTheYearAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash paid during the year</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income taxes</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InterestPaidNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestPaidNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InterestPaidNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestPaidNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestPaidNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Interest</link:label>
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedTableTextBlock" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfShortTermDebtTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfShortTermDebtTextBlock" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfShortTermDebtTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Short-Term Bank Debt</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_ScheduleOfSecuredShortTermBankDebt" xlink:label="TAOP_ScheduleOfSecuredShortTermBankDebt" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxDomesticAndForeignTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxDomesticAndForeignTableTextBlock" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" />
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      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherCurrentAssetsTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherCurrentAssetsTableTextBlock" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherCurrentAssetsTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Other Current Assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherAssetsNoncurrentTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherAssetsNoncurrentTextBlock" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase price of assets</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RentalIncomeNonoperating" xlink:to="us-gaap_RentalIncomeNonoperating_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RentalIncomeNonoperating_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Annual rental fees</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:to="us-gaap_Revenues_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Revenues_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Increase in revenue</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProfitLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_4_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_4_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Increase in net income</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_Entities" xlink:label="TAOP_Entities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_Entities" xlink:to="TAOP_Entities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_Entities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_VariableInterestEntitySimilarEntityAggregationDescription" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntitySimilarEntityAggregationDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntitySimilarEntityAggregationDescription" xlink:to="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntitySimilarEntityAggregationDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntitySimilarEntityAggregationDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Subsidiaries/VIE</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage" xlink:to="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Percentage owned</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_Location" xlink:label="TAOP_Location" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_Location" xlink:to="TAOP_Location_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_Location_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Location</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable" xlink:to="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Allowance for doubtful accounts</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Recognized revenue</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock based compensation expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments" xlink:label="us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments" xlink:to="us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of reportable segments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsReceivableGrossCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableGrossCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableGrossCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableGrossCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableGrossCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts Receivable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Allowance for doubtful accounts</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts Receivable &#8211; Net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts Receivable-related parties</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable" xlink:to="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Allowance for doubtful accounts, beginning</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivablePeriodIncreaseDecrease" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivablePeriodIncreaseDecrease" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivablePeriodIncreaseDecrease" xlink:to="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivablePeriodIncreaseDecrease_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivablePeriodIncreaseDecrease_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Increase in allowance for doubtful accounts</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_ForeignExchangeDifference" xlink:label="TAOP_ForeignExchangeDifference" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ForeignExchangeDifference" xlink:to="TAOP_ForeignExchangeDifference_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_ForeignExchangeDifference_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign exchange difference</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableRecoveries" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableRecoveries" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableRecoveries" xlink:to="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableRecoveries_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableRecoveries_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amounts recovered during the period</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable" xlink:to="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Allowance for doubtful accounts, ending</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_WarrantsLiability" xlink:label="TAOP_WarrantsLiability" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_WarrantsLiability" xlink:to="TAOP_WarrantsLiability_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_WarrantsLiability_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants liability</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total recurring fair value measurements</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPercentages" xlink:label="TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPercentages" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPercentages" xlink:to="TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPercentages_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPercentages_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair value assumptions, measurement input, percentages</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputTerm" xlink:label="TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputTerm" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputTerm" xlink:to="TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputTerm_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputTerm_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair value assumptions, measurement input, term</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPerShare" xlink:label="TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPerShare" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPerShare" xlink:to="TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPerShare_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair value assumptions, measurement input, per share</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Estimated useful life of property, pant and equipment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife" xlink:to="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Estimated useful life of intangible assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1" xlink:label="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1" xlink:to="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign Currency Exchange Rate, Translation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromPreviousAcquisition" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromPreviousAcquisition" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromPreviousAcquisition" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromPreviousAcquisition_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromPreviousAcquisition_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Advanced amount in acquisition</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net income/loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedAssetsCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedAssetsCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedAssetsCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total current assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_VariableInterestEntityPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityPropertyPlantAndEquipment" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Property, plant and equipment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_VariableInterestEntityIntangibleAssets" xlink:label="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityIntangibleAssets" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityIntangibleAssets" xlink:to="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityIntangibleAssets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityIntangibleAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Intangible assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedAssetsNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedAssetsNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedAssetsNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-current assets from discontinued operations</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountAssets" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountAssets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_VariableInterestEntityIntercompanyPayable" xlink:label="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityIntercompanyPayable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityIntercompanyPayable" xlink:to="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityIntercompanyPayable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityIntercompanyPayable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Intercompany payable to the WFOE</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total current liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountLiabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountLiabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountLiabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountEquity" xlink:label="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountEquity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountEquity" xlink:to="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountEquity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total equity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfBusiness" xlink:label="us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfBusiness" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfBusiness" xlink:to="us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfBusiness_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfBusiness_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loss on disposal of business</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of anti-dilutive shares</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net income attributable to the Company</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted average outstanding ordinary shares-Basic</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicForEmployees" xlink:label="TAOP_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicForEmployees" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicForEmployees" xlink:to="TAOP_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicForEmployees_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicForEmployees_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted average outstanding ordinary shares-Basic - dilutive effect of stock options- employees</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicForNonEmployees" xlink:label="TAOP_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicForNonEmployees" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicForNonEmployees" xlink:to="TAOP_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicForNonEmployees_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicForNonEmployees_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted average outstanding ordinary shares-Basic - dilutive effect of stock options- nonemployees</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted average outstanding ordinary shares- Diluted</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Earnings per share: Basic</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Earnings per share: Diluted</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:to="us-gaap_Revenues_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Revenues_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue, total</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_RentalIncomeRelatedParty" xlink:label="TAOP_RentalIncomeRelatedParty" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_RentalIncomeRelatedParty" xlink:to="TAOP_RentalIncomeRelatedParty_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_RentalIncomeRelatedParty_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Rental income, related party</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetImpairmentCharges" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetImpairmentCharges" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetImpairmentCharges" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetImpairmentCharges_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetImpairmentCharges_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Impairments for obsolete inventories</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterialsAndSupplies" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterialsAndSupplies" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterialsAndSupplies" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterialsAndSupplies_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterialsAndSupplies_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Raw materials</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Work in Process</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Finished goods</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_InventoryCostOfProjects" xlink:label="TAOP_InventoryCostOfProjects" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_InventoryCostOfProjects" xlink:to="TAOP_InventoryCostOfProjects_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_InventoryCostOfProjects_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cost of projects</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryGross" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryGross" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InventoryGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryGross_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Inventories, gross</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_AllowanceForSlowmovingOrObsoleteInventories" xlink:label="TAOP_AllowanceForSlowmovingOrObsoleteInventories" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_AllowanceForSlowmovingOrObsoleteInventories" xlink:to="TAOP_AllowanceForSlowmovingOrObsoleteInventories_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_AllowanceForSlowmovingOrObsoleteInventories_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Allowance for slow-moving or obsolete inventories</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InventoryNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryNet_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryNet_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Inventories, net</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Depreciation" xlink:to="us-gaap_Depreciation_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Depreciation_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Depreciation expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Property, plant and equipment, gross</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Less: accumulated depreciation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentForAmortization" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentForAmortization" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdjustmentForAmortization" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdjustmentForAmortization_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentForAmortization_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization expense</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Gross carrying amounts, beginning balance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Gross carrying amounts, Foreign currency translation</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Gross carrying amounts, ending balance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization" xlink:to="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated amortization, beginning balance</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdjustmentForAmortization" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdjustmentForAmortization_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentForAmortization_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated amortization, Amortization expense</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_AccumulatedAmortizationForeignCurrencyTranslation" xlink:label="TAOP_AccumulatedAmortizationForeignCurrencyTranslation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_AccumulatedAmortizationForeignCurrencyTranslation" xlink:to="TAOP_AccumulatedAmortizationForeignCurrencyTranslation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_AccumulatedAmortizationForeignCurrencyTranslation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated amortization, Foreign currency translation</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization" xlink:to="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated amortization, ending balance</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill" xlink:to="us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total amortized intangible assets, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Borrowings, interest rate</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DebtWeightedAverageInterestRate" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtWeightedAverageInterestRate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtWeightedAverageInterestRate" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtWeightedAverageInterestRate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtWeightedAverageInterestRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted average interest rate, percentage</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebt" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Interest expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SecuredDebt" xlink:label="us-gaap_SecuredDebt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SecuredDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_SecuredDebt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SecuredDebt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Secured short-term loans</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total short-term bank loans</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxExaminationDescription" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExaminationDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExaminationDescription" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExaminationDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExaminationDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income tax examination, description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations" xlink:to="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate tax rate</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_TaxProfits" xlink:label="TAOP_TaxProfits" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_TaxProfits" xlink:to="TAOP_TaxProfits_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_TaxProfits_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Tax profits</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwards" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwards" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwards" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwards_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwards_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net operating loss carry forward</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwardsExpirationDate" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwardsExpirationDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwardsExpirationDate" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwardsExpirationDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwardsExpirationDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Expiration date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefits" xlink:label="us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefits" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefits" xlink:to="us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefits_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefits_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Unrecognized tax benefits</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total income (loss) before income taxes</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:label="us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current taxes</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income tax benefit</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate" xlink:to="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">PRC statutory tax rate</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_ComputedExpectedIncomeTaxBenefitExpense" xlink:label="TAOP_ComputedExpectedIncomeTaxBenefitExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ComputedExpectedIncomeTaxBenefitExpense" xlink:to="TAOP_ComputedExpectedIncomeTaxBenefitExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_ComputedExpectedIncomeTaxBenefitExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Computed expected income tax (benefit) expense</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxHolidays" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxHolidays" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxHolidays" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxHolidays_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxHolidays_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Tax rate differential benefit from tax holiday</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxExemptIncome" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxExemptIncome" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxExemptIncome" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxExemptIncome_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxExemptIncome_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Permanent differences</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationDeductions" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationDeductions" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationDeductions" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationDeductions_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationDeductions_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Tax effect of deductible temporary differences not recognized</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-deductible tax loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts" xlink:label="TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts" xlink:to="TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax assets, Allowance for doubtful accounts</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax assets, Loss carry-forwards</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsPropertyPlantAndEquipment" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax assets, Fixed assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInventory" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInventory" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInventory" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInventory_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInventory_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax assets, Inventory valuation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsSalaryPayable" xlink:label="TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsSalaryPayable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsSalaryPayable" xlink:to="TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsSalaryPayable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsSalaryPayable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax assets, Salary payable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsIntangibleAssets" xlink:label="TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsIntangibleAssets" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsIntangibleAssets" xlink:to="TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsIntangibleAssets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsIntangibleAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax assets, Intangible assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGross" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGross" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGross_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax assets, Gross</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax assets, Valuation allowance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total deferred tax assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts" xlink:label="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts" xlink:to="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax liabilities, Allowance for doubtful accounts</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesLossCarryforwards" xlink:label="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesLossCarryforwards" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesLossCarryforwards" xlink:to="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesLossCarryforwards_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesLossCarryforwards_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax liabilities, Loss carry-forwards</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax liabilities, Fixed assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesDeferredExpenseCapitalizedInventoryCosts" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesDeferredExpenseCapitalizedInventoryCosts" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesDeferredExpenseCapitalizedInventoryCosts" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesDeferredExpenseCapitalizedInventoryCosts_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesDeferredExpenseCapitalizedInventoryCosts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax liabilities, Inventory valuation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesSalaryPayable" xlink:label="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesSalaryPayable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesSalaryPayable" xlink:to="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesSalaryPayable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesSalaryPayable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax liabilities, Salary payable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsIntangibleAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsIntangibleAssets" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsIntangibleAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsIntangibleAssets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsIntangibleAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax liabilities, Intangible assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax liabilities, Gross</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesValuationAllowance" xlink:label="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesValuationAllowance" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesValuationAllowance" xlink:to="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesValuationAllowance_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesValuationAllowance_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax liabilities, Valuation allowance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total deferred tax liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_AdvancesToUnrelatedparties" xlink:label="TAOP_AdvancesToUnrelatedparties" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_AdvancesToUnrelatedparties" xlink:to="TAOP_AdvancesToUnrelatedparties_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_AdvancesToUnrelatedparties_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Advances to unrelated-parties</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_ReceivableFromSaleOfDepositOfLandUseRight" xlink:label="TAOP_ReceivableFromSaleOfDepositOfLandUseRight" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ReceivableFromSaleOfDepositOfLandUseRight" xlink:to="TAOP_ReceivableFromSaleOfDepositOfLandUseRight_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_ReceivableFromSaleOfDepositOfLandUseRight_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Receivable from sale of the deposit of the land use right</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DueFromEmployees" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueFromEmployees" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DueFromEmployees" xlink:to="us-gaap_DueFromEmployees_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueFromEmployees_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Advances to employees</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxReceivable" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReceivable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReceivable" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReceivable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxReceivable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Subsidy income receivable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_InstallationContractDeposits" xlink:label="TAOP_InstallationContractDeposits" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_InstallationContractDeposits" xlink:to="TAOP_InstallationContractDeposits_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_InstallationContractDeposits_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Installation contract deposits</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_OtherCurrentAssets" xlink:label="TAOP_OtherCurrentAssets" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_OtherCurrentAssets" xlink:to="TAOP_OtherCurrentAssets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="TAOP_OtherCurrentAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other current assets</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_ReceivableFromSaleOfDepositOfLandUseRightNonCurrent" xlink:label="TAOP_ReceivableFromSaleOfDepositOfLandUseRightNonCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ReceivableFromSaleOfDepositOfLandUseRightNonCurrent" xlink:to="TAOP_ReceivableFromSaleOfDepositOfLandUseRightNonCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="TAOP_ReceivableFromSaleOfDepositOfLandUseRightNonCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Receivable from sale of the deposit of the land use right</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SecurityDeposit" xlink:label="us-gaap_SecurityDeposit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SecurityDeposit" xlink:to="us-gaap_SecurityDeposit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SecurityDeposit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security deposits</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromDepositsOnRealEstateSales" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromDepositsOnRealEstateSales" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromDepositsOnRealEstateSales" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromDepositsOnRealEstateSales_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromDepositsOnRealEstateSales_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deposit receivable sold</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_PaymentOnDeposits" xlink:label="TAOP_PaymentOnDeposits" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_PaymentOnDeposits" xlink:to="TAOP_PaymentOnDeposits_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_PaymentOnDeposits_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Payment on deposits</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfOtherAssets1" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfOtherAssets1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfOtherAssets1" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfOtherAssets1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfOtherAssets1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from other assets</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfOtherAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfOtherAssets_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfOtherAssets_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Loss on sale of other assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of ordinary shares issued</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Shares issued price per share</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights" xlink:to="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants to purchase common stock</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1" xlink:to="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant exercise price</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair value of warrant liability</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of warrants outstanding at beginning</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_WarrantExercisePrice" xlink:label="TAOP_WarrantExercisePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_WarrantExercisePrice" xlink:to="TAOP_WarrantExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_WarrantExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Exercise Price</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_WarrantsExpirationDate" xlink:label="TAOP_WarrantsExpirationDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_WarrantsExpirationDate" xlink:to="TAOP_WarrantsExpirationDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_WarrantsExpirationDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Expiration Date</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of warrants outstanding at ending</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant liability at beginning</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants_4_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants_4_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment resulting from the change in the fair value for the reporting period</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant liability at ending</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_AdvancesFromUnrelatedThirdparties" xlink:label="TAOP_AdvancesFromUnrelatedThirdparties" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_AdvancesFromUnrelatedThirdparties" xlink:to="TAOP_AdvancesFromUnrelatedThirdparties_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_AdvancesFromUnrelatedThirdparties_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Advances from unrelated third-parties</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_TaxesPayableCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_TaxesPayableCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TaxesPayableCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_TaxesPayableCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TaxesPayableCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other taxes payable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsOther" xlink:label="TAOP_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsOther" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsOther" xlink:to="TAOP_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsOther_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="TAOP_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsOther_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Unrecognized tax benefits</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued professional fees</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DueToEmployeesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueToEmployeesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DueToEmployeesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DueToEmployeesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DueToEmployeesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amount due to employees</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other current liabilities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Payables and Accrued Expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_AnnualTaxProfits" xlink:label="TAOP_AnnualTaxProfits" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_AnnualTaxProfits" xlink:to="TAOP_AnnualTaxProfits_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_AnnualTaxProfits_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Annual tax profits</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_StatutoryReservePercentage" xlink:label="TAOP_StatutoryReservePercentage" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_StatutoryReservePercentage" xlink:to="TAOP_StatutoryReservePercentage_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_StatutoryReservePercentage_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statutory reserve percentage</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_GeneralReserve" xlink:label="TAOP_GeneralReserve" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_GeneralReserve" xlink:to="TAOP_GeneralReserve_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_GeneralReserve_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">General reserve</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Ordinary shares, value</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Exercise of stock options granted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock shares repurchase</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock shares repurchase, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationForfeited" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationForfeited" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationForfeited" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationForfeited_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationForfeited_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Ordinary shares was canceled</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:to="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Retained earnings</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_OrdinarySharesDescription" xlink:label="TAOP_OrdinarySharesDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_OrdinarySharesDescription" xlink:to="TAOP_OrdinarySharesDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_OrdinarySharesDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Ordinary shares description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Issaunace of restricted stock, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock option to purchase common stock</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_FairValueOfStockOptionGrantDate" xlink:label="TAOP_FairValueOfStockOptionGrantDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_FairValueOfStockOptionGrantDate" xlink:to="TAOP_FairValueOfStockOptionGrantDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_FairValueOfStockOptionGrantDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair value of stock option grant date</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Sharebased compensation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted average fair value of options granted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Intrinsic value of stock options exercised</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedStockOptions" xlink:label="us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedStockOptions" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedStockOptions" xlink:to="us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedStockOptions_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedStockOptions_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Unrecognized compensation expense non-vested shares options expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted average remaining vesting period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_FairValueOfStockOptionVested" xlink:label="TAOP_FairValueOfStockOptionVested" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_FairValueOfStockOptionVested" xlink:to="TAOP_FairValueOfStockOptionVested_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_FairValueOfStockOptionVested_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair value of stock option vested</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingNumber" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingNumber" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock option vested, shares</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common stock, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from issuance of common stock</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Administrative expense</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock option weighted average exercise price per shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock option weighted average remaining life</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Employees and directors share-based payments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_StockOptionsIssuedForServices" xlink:label="TAOP_StockOptionsIssuedForServices" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_StockOptionsIssuedForServices" xlink:to="TAOP_StockOptionsIssuedForServices_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_StockOptionsIssuedForServices_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock options issued for services</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total share based payments expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SharePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Exercise price</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Expected term</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Expected volatility</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Expected dividend yield</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Risk free interest rate</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Option Outstanding, Balance Beginning</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Option Outstanding, Exercised</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Option Outstanding, Canceled</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Option Outstanding, Balance Ending</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingNumber" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingNumber_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingNumber_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Option Outstanding, Vested and expected to be vested</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Option Outstanding, Options Exercisable</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Exercise Price, Beginning Balance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Exercise Price, Exercised</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Exercise Price, Forfeited</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Exercise Price, Ending Balance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Exercise Price, Vested and expected to be vested</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Exercise Price, Options Exercisable</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years) Beginning</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1" xlink:label="TAOP_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1" xlink:to="TAOP_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years) Ending</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years) Vested and expected to be vested</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years) Options exercisable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregated Intrinsic Value, Outstanding Beginning</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregated Intrinsic Value, Outstanding Ending</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingAggregateIntrinsicValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingAggregateIntrinsicValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingAggregateIntrinsicValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingAggregateIntrinsicValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingAggregateIntrinsicValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregated Intrinsic Value, Vested and expected to be vested</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregated Intrinsic Value, Options exercisable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedNumberOfShares" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedNumberOfShares" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedNumberOfShares" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedNumberOfShares_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedNumberOfShares_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Options Non-vested, Begining</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedNumberOfShares" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedNumberOfShares" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedNumberOfShares" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedNumberOfShares_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedNumberOfShares_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Options Vested</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedOptionsForfeitedNumberOfShares" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedOptionsForfeitedNumberOfShares" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedOptionsForfeitedNumberOfShares" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedOptionsForfeitedNumberOfShares_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedOptionsForfeitedNumberOfShares_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Options Canceled</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedNumberOfShares" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedNumberOfShares_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedNumberOfShares_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Options Non-vested, Ending</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Non-Vested Begining Balance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Vested</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedOptionsForfeitedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Canceled</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Non-Vested Ending Balance</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of Options Outstanding</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Exercise Price</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Expiration Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Rental expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_ProbabilityPercentageOfSales" xlink:label="TAOP_ProbabilityPercentageOfSales" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ProbabilityPercentageOfSales" xlink:to="TAOP_ProbabilityPercentageOfSales_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_ProbabilityPercentageOfSales_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Probability percentage of sales</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LossOnContracts" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossOnContracts" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LossOnContracts" xlink:to="us-gaap_LossOnContracts_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossOnContracts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Possible loss on contracts</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskPercentage1" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskPercentage1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskPercentage1" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskPercentage1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskPercentage1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Concentration of risk percentage</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementScenarioAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementScenarioAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementScenarioAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementScenarioAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementScenarioAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Scenario [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2018/elts/us-gaap-2018-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction" xlink:label="us-gaap_SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction" xlink:to="us-gaap_SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Sale of transaction during period</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction" xlink:to="us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of shares issued during period, values</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_AdvancesFromCustomersRelatedParties" xlink:to="TAOP_AdvancesFromCustomersRelatedParties_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_AdvancesFromCustomersRelatedParties_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Advances from customers-related parties.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_NetEarningsPerShareAttributableToCompanyAbstract" xlink:to="TAOP_NetEarningsPerShareAttributableToCompanyAbstract_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_NetEarningsPerShareAttributableToCompanyAbstract_doc" xml:lang="en-US">NET EARNINGS PER SHARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE COMPANY.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ProductsMember" xlink:to="TAOP_ProductsMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_ProductsMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Products [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ProductsRelatedPartiesMember" xlink:to="TAOP_ProductsRelatedPartiesMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_ProductsRelatedPartiesMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Products - Related Parties [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_SoftwareMember" xlink:to="TAOP_SoftwareMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_SoftwareMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Software [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_SoftwareRelatedPartiesMember" xlink:to="TAOP_SoftwareRelatedPartiesMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_SoftwareRelatedPartiesMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Software - Realted Parties [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_SystemIntegrationMember" xlink:to="TAOP_SystemIntegrationMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_SystemIntegrationMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">System Integration [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_OtherMember" xlink:to="TAOP_OtherMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_OtherMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Other [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_OtherRelatedPartiesMember" xlink:to="TAOP_OtherRelatedPartiesMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_OtherRelatedPartiesMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Other - Related Parties [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_CostProductsMember" xlink:to="TAOP_CostProductsMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_CostProductsMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Cost - Products [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_CostSoftwareMember" xlink:to="TAOP_CostSoftwareMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_CostSoftwareMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Cost - Software [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_CostSystemIntegrationMember" xlink:to="TAOP_CostSystemIntegrationMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_CostSystemIntegrationMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Cost - System Integration [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_CostOthersMember" xlink:to="TAOP_CostOthersMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_CostOthersMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Cost - Others [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_OrdinarySharesMember" xlink:to="TAOP_OrdinarySharesMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_OrdinarySharesMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Ordinary Shares [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ReserveMember" xlink:to="TAOP_ReserveMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_ReserveMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Reserve [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_StockbasedPaymentsForConsultingServices" xlink:to="TAOP_StockbasedPaymentsForConsultingServices_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_StockbasedPaymentsForConsultingServices_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-based payments for consulting services.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_IncreaseDecreaseInAdvancesToSuppliers" xlink:to="TAOP_IncreaseDecreaseInAdvancesToSuppliers_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_IncreaseDecreaseInAdvancesToSuppliers_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Advances to suppliers.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_CashPaidDuringTheYearAbstract" xlink:to="TAOP_CashPaidDuringTheYearAbstract_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_CashPaidDuringTheYearAbstract_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Cash paid during the year</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_DisposalOfConsolidatedEntitiesTextBlock" xlink:to="TAOP_DisposalOfConsolidatedEntitiesTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_DisposalOfConsolidatedEntitiesTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Disposal of Consolidated Entities [Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_EconomicAndPoliticalRisksPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="TAOP_EconomicAndPoliticalRisksPolicyTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_EconomicAndPoliticalRisksPolicyTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Economic and Political Risks [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_AdvancesToSuppliersPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="TAOP_AdvancesToSuppliersPolicyTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_AdvancesToSuppliersPolicyTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Advances to Suppliers [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_AdvancesFromCustomersAndRelatedPartiesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="TAOP_AdvancesFromCustomersAndRelatedPartiesPolicyTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_AdvancesFromCustomersAndRelatedPartiesPolicyTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Advances from Customers and related parties [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_TreasuryStockPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="TAOP_TreasuryStockPolicyTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_TreasuryStockPolicyTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury Stock [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_SubsidyIncomePolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="TAOP_SubsidyIncomePolicyTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_SubsidyIncomePolicyTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Subsidy Income [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ScheduleOfAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="TAOP_ScheduleOfAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_ScheduleOfAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Allowance for Doubtful Accounts [Table Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ScheduleOfFairValueOfDerivativeLiabilityRelatedToWarrantsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="TAOP_ScheduleOfFairValueOfDerivativeLiabilityRelatedToWarrantsTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_ScheduleOfFairValueOfDerivativeLiabilityRelatedToWarrantsTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Fair Value of Derivative Liability Related to Warrants [Table Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ScheduleOfEstimatedUsefulLivesTableTextBlock" xlink:to="TAOP_ScheduleOfEstimatedUsefulLivesTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_ScheduleOfEstimatedUsefulLivesTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Estimated Useful Lives [Table Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_IntangibleAssetsMember" xlink:to="TAOP_IntangibleAssetsMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_IntangibleAssetsMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Intangible Assets [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ScheduleOfSecuredShortTermBankDebt" xlink:to="TAOP_ScheduleOfSecuredShortTermBankDebt_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_ScheduleOfSecuredShortTermBankDebt_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Secured Short-Term Bank Debt [Table Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ScheduleOfStockOptionsOutstandingAndExercisableTableTextBlock" xlink:to="TAOP_ScheduleOfStockOptionsOutstandingAndExercisableTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_ScheduleOfStockOptionsOutstandingAndExercisableTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Stock Options Outstanding and Exercisable [Table Text Block]</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_Entities_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Entities.</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_Location_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Location.</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_ChinaInformationTechnologyIncMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">China Information Technology Inc [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ChinaInformationTechnologyHoldingsLimitedMember" xlink:to="TAOP_ChinaInformationTechnologyHoldingsLimitedMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_ChinaInformationTechnologyHoldingsLimitedMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">China Information Technology Holdings Limited [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_InformationSecurityTechInternationalCoLtdMember" xlink:to="TAOP_InformationSecurityTechInternationalCoLtdMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_InformationSecurityTechInternationalCoLtdMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Information Security Tech International Co Ltd [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_InformationSecurityTechChinaMember" xlink:to="TAOP_InformationSecurityTechChinaMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_InformationSecurityTechChinaMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Information Security Tech (China) Co Ltd [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_TopCloudSoftwareChinaCoLtdMember" xlink:to="TAOP_TopCloudSoftwareChinaCoLtdMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_TopCloudSoftwareChinaCoLtdMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">TopCloud Software (China) Co Ltd [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_InformationSecurityIoTTechCoLtdMember" xlink:to="TAOP_InformationSecurityIoTTechCoLtdMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_InformationSecurityIoTTechCoLtdMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Information Security IoT Tech Co Ltd [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_IASPECTechnologyGroupCoLtdMember" xlink:to="TAOP_IASPECTechnologyGroupCoLtdMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_IASPECTechnologyGroupCoLtdMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">iASPEC Technology Group Co Ltd [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_BiznestInternetTechCoLtdMember" xlink:to="TAOP_BiznestInternetTechCoLtdMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_BiznestInternetTechCoLtdMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Biznest Internet Tech Co Ltd [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ShenzhenTaopingInternetTechCoLtdMember" xlink:to="TAOP_ShenzhenTaopingInternetTechCoLtdMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_ShenzhenTaopingInternetTechCoLtdMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Shenzhen Taoping Internet Tech Co Ltd [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_IASPECBocomIoTTechCoLtdMember" xlink:to="TAOP_IASPECBocomIoTTechCoLtdMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_IASPECBocomIoTTechCoLtdMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">iASPEC Bocom IoT Tech Co Ltd [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_WudaGeoinformaticsCoLtdMember" xlink:to="TAOP_WudaGeoinformaticsCoLtdMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_WudaGeoinformaticsCoLtdMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Wuda Geoinformatics Co., Ltd [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchaneMember" xlink:to="TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchaneMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchaneMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">RMB [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_IASPECZhongtianSoftwareCoLtdMember" xlink:to="TAOP_IASPECZhongtianSoftwareCoLtdMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_IASPECZhongtianSoftwareCoLtdMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">iASPEC Zhongtian Software Co., Ltd [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_NetProfitReceivedPercentage" xlink:to="TAOP_NetProfitReceivedPercentage_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_NetProfitReceivedPercentage_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Net profit received, percentage.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_WorkingCapital" xlink:to="TAOP_WorkingCapital_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_WorkingCapital_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Working capital.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ForeignExchangeDifference" xlink:to="TAOP_ForeignExchangeDifference_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_ForeignExchangeDifference_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign exchange difference.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_WarrantsLiability" xlink:to="TAOP_WarrantsLiability_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_WarrantsLiability_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Warrants liability.</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="taop-20180630.xsd#TAOP_WarrantLiabilityMember" xlink:label="TAOP_WarrantLiabilityMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_WarrantLiabilityMember" xlink:to="TAOP_WarrantLiabilityMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_WarrantLiabilityMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant Liabilty [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPercentages" xlink:to="TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPercentages_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPercentages_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Fair value assumptions, measurement input, percentages.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputTerm" xlink:to="TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputTerm_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputTerm_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Fair value assumptions, measurement input, term.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPerShare" xlink:to="TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPerShare_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPerShare_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Fair value assumptions, measurement input, per share.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_PlantAndMachineryMember" xlink:to="TAOP_PlantAndMachineryMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_PlantAndMachineryMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Plant and Machinery [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ElectronicsEquipmentFurnitureAndFixturesMember" xlink:to="TAOP_ElectronicsEquipmentFurnitureAndFixturesMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_ElectronicsEquipmentFurnitureAndFixturesMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Electronics Equipment, Furniture and Fixtures [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_MotorVehiclesMember" xlink:to="TAOP_MotorVehiclesMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_MotorVehiclesMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Motor Vehicles [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_PurchasedSoftwareMember" xlink:to="TAOP_PurchasedSoftwareMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_PurchasedSoftwareMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Purchased Software [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_SoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember" xlink:to="TAOP_SoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_SoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Software Development Costs [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_MeasurementInputClosingPriceMember" xlink:to="TAOP_MeasurementInputClosingPriceMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_MeasurementInputClosingPriceMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Closing Price of ordinary Shares[Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_PeriodEndRMBMember" xlink:to="TAOP_PeriodEndRMBMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_PeriodEndRMBMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Period-end RMB [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_AverageYearlyRMBMember" xlink:to="TAOP_AverageYearlyRMBMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_AverageYearlyRMBMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Average Yearly RMB [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_AverageSixMonthsRMBMember" xlink:to="TAOP_AverageSixMonthsRMBMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_AverageSixMonthsRMBMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Average Six Months RMB [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_FirstInstallmentMember" xlink:to="TAOP_FirstInstallmentMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_FirstInstallmentMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">First Installment [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_SecondInstallmentMember" xlink:to="TAOP_SecondInstallmentMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_SecondInstallmentMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Second Installment [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityPropertyPlantAndEquipment_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityPropertyPlantAndEquipment_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Property, plant and equipment.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityIntangibleAssets" xlink:to="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityIntangibleAssets_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityIntangibleAssets_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Intangible assets.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityIntercompanyPayable" xlink:to="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityIntercompanyPayable_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityIntercompanyPayable_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Intercompany payable to WFOE.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountEquity" xlink:to="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountEquity_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountEquity_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Variable interest entity, equity.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicForEmployees" xlink:to="TAOP_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicForEmployees_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicForEmployees_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted average outstanding ordinary shares-Basic - dilutive effect of stock options- employees.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicForNonEmployees" xlink:to="TAOP_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicForNonEmployees_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicForNonEmployees_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted average outstanding ordinary shares-Basic - dilutive effect of stock options- nonemployees.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_RentalIncomeRelatedParty" xlink:to="TAOP_RentalIncomeRelatedParty_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_RentalIncomeRelatedParty_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Rental income, related party.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_InventoryCostOfProjects" xlink:to="TAOP_InventoryCostOfProjects_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_InventoryCostOfProjects_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Cost of projects.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_AllowanceForSlowmovingOrObsoleteInventories" xlink:to="TAOP_AllowanceForSlowmovingOrObsoleteInventories_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_AllowanceForSlowmovingOrObsoleteInventories_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Allowance for slow-moving or obsolete inventories.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_OfficeBuildingsMember" xlink:to="TAOP_OfficeBuildingsMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_OfficeBuildingsMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Office Buildings [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_BankLoanOneMember" xlink:to="TAOP_BankLoanOneMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_BankLoanOneMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Bank Loan 1 [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_BankLoanTwoMember" xlink:to="TAOP_BankLoanTwoMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_BankLoanTwoMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Bank Loan 2 [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_BankLoanThreeMember" xlink:to="TAOP_BankLoanThreeMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_BankLoanThreeMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Bank Loan 3 [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_SubsidyIncome" xlink:to="TAOP_SubsidyIncome_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_SubsidyIncome_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Subsidy income.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchangeMember" xlink:to="TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchangeMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchangeMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">RMB [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_HighTechnologyEnterpriseMember" xlink:to="TAOP_HighTechnologyEnterpriseMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_HighTechnologyEnterpriseMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">High Technology Enterprise [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_BiznestMember" xlink:to="TAOP_BiznestMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_BiznestMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Biznest [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_TaxProfits" xlink:to="TAOP_TaxProfits_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_TaxProfits_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Tax profits.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ComputedExpectedIncomeTaxBenefitExpense" xlink:to="TAOP_ComputedExpectedIncomeTaxBenefitExpense_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_ComputedExpectedIncomeTaxBenefitExpense_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Computed expected income tax (benefit) expense.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts" xlink:to="TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax assets, Allowance for doubtful accounts.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsSalaryPayable" xlink:to="TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsSalaryPayable_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsSalaryPayable_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax assets, Salary payable.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsIntangibleAssets" xlink:to="TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsIntangibleAssets_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsIntangibleAssets_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax assets, Intangible assets.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts" xlink:to="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax liabilities, Allowance for doubtful accounts.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesLossCarryforwards" xlink:to="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesLossCarryforwards_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesLossCarryforwards_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax liabilities, Loss carry-forwards.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesSalaryPayable" xlink:to="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesSalaryPayable_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesSalaryPayable_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax liabilities, Salary payable.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesValuationAllowance" xlink:to="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesValuationAllowance_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesValuationAllowance_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax liabilities, Valuation allowance.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_AdvancesToUnrelatedparties" xlink:to="TAOP_AdvancesToUnrelatedparties_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_AdvancesToUnrelatedparties_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Advances to unrelated-parties.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ReceivableFromSaleOfDepositOfLandUseRight" xlink:to="TAOP_ReceivableFromSaleOfDepositOfLandUseRight_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_ReceivableFromSaleOfDepositOfLandUseRight_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Receivable from sale of the deposit of the land use right.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_InstallationContractDeposits" xlink:to="TAOP_InstallationContractDeposits_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_InstallationContractDeposits_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Installation contract deposits.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_PaymentOnDeposits" xlink:to="TAOP_PaymentOnDeposits_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_PaymentOnDeposits_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Payment on deposits.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ReceivableFromSaleOfDepositOfLandUseRightNonCurrent" xlink:to="TAOP_ReceivableFromSaleOfDepositOfLandUseRightNonCurrent_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_ReceivableFromSaleOfDepositOfLandUseRightNonCurrent_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Receivable from sale of the deposit of the land use right, non current.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_SeriesAWarrantMember" xlink:to="TAOP_SeriesAWarrantMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_SeriesAWarrantMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Series A Warrant [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_SeriesAWarrantsMember" xlink:to="TAOP_SeriesAWarrantsMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_SeriesAWarrantsMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Series A Warrants [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_WarrantExercisePrice" xlink:to="TAOP_WarrantExercisePrice_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_WarrantExercisePrice_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Exercise Price of warrants.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_WarrantsExpirationDate" xlink:to="TAOP_WarrantsExpirationDate_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_WarrantsExpirationDate_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Expiration date of warrant.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsOther" xlink:to="TAOP_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsOther_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsOther_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Unrecognized tax benefits.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_AnnualTaxProfits" xlink:to="TAOP_AnnualTaxProfits_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_AnnualTaxProfits_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Annual tax profits.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_StatutoryReservePercentage" xlink:to="TAOP_StatutoryReservePercentage_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_StatutoryReservePercentage_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Statutory reserve percentage.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_GeneralReserve" xlink:to="TAOP_GeneralReserve_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_GeneralReserve_doc" xml:lang="en-US">General reserve.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ProbabilityPercentageOfSales" xlink:to="TAOP_ProbabilityPercentageOfSales_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_ProbabilityPercentageOfSales_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Probability percentage of sales.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ThreeCustomerMember" xlink:to="TAOP_ThreeCustomerMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_ThreeCustomerMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Three Customer [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_TopFiveCustomersMember" xlink:to="TAOP_TopFiveCustomersMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_TopFiveCustomersMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Top Five Customers [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_CustomerOneMember" xlink:to="TAOP_CustomerOneMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_CustomerOneMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Customer One [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_CustomerTwoMember" xlink:to="TAOP_CustomerTwoMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_CustomerTwoMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Customer Two [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_InvestorsMember" xlink:to="TAOP_InvestorsMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_InvestorsMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Investors [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_JianghuaiLinMember" xlink:to="TAOP_JianghuaiLinMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_JianghuaiLinMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Jianghuai Lin [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_EmployeesAndConsultantsMember" xlink:to="TAOP_EmployeesAndConsultantsMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_EmployeesAndConsultantsMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Employees and Consultants [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_TwoThousandThirteenEquityIncentivePlanMember" xlink:to="TAOP_TwoThousandThirteenEquityIncentivePlanMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_TwoThousandThirteenEquityIncentivePlanMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">2013 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_OfficersEmployeesMember" xlink:to="TAOP_OfficersEmployeesMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_OfficersEmployeesMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Officers and Employees [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_TwoThousandSixteenEquityIncentivePlanMember" xlink:to="TAOP_TwoThousandSixteenEquityIncentivePlanMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_TwoThousandSixteenEquityIncentivePlanMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">2016 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_EmployeesAndDirectorsMember" xlink:to="TAOP_EmployeesAndDirectorsMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_EmployeesAndDirectorsMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Employees and Directors [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ConsultantsMember" xlink:to="TAOP_ConsultantsMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_ConsultantsMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Consultants [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_NonEmployeesMember" xlink:to="TAOP_NonEmployeesMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_NonEmployeesMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Non-employees [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_OrdinarySharesDescription" xlink:to="TAOP_OrdinarySharesDescription_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_OrdinarySharesDescription_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Ordinary shares description.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_FairValueOfStockOptionGrantDate" xlink:to="TAOP_FairValueOfStockOptionGrantDate_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_FairValueOfStockOptionGrantDate_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Fair value of stock option grant date.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_FairValueOfStockOptionVested" xlink:to="TAOP_FairValueOfStockOptionVested_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_FairValueOfStockOptionVested_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Fair value of stock option vested.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1" xlink:to="TAOP_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted average remaining contractual term for option awards outstanding, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingOneMember" xlink:to="TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingOneMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingOneMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">2017 Service Agreement Options (Marketing) Two [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingTwoMember" xlink:to="TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingTwoMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingTwoMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">2017 Service Agreement Options (Marketing) Two [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingThreeMember" xlink:to="TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingThreeMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingThreeMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">2017 Service Agreement Options (Marketing) Three [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_TwoThousandConsultingServiceAgreementOptionsMember" xlink:to="TAOP_TwoThousandConsultingServiceAgreementOptionsMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_TwoThousandConsultingServiceAgreementOptionsMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">2017 Consulting Service Agreement Options [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_PRCMember" xlink:to="TAOP_PRCMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_PRCMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">PRC [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_SalesUseAndOtherValueAddedTaxPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="TAOP_SalesUseAndOtherValueAddedTaxPolicyTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_SalesUseAndOtherValueAddedTaxPolicyTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Sales, Use, Other Value-added Taxes, and Income Taxes [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_ScheduleOfSubsidiariesAndVariableInterestEntityTableTextBlock" xlink:to="TAOP_ScheduleOfSubsidiariesAndVariableInterestEntityTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_ScheduleOfSubsidiariesAndVariableInterestEntityTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Subsidiaries and Variable Interest Entity [Table Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_StockOptionsMember" xlink:to="TAOP_StockOptionsMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_StockOptionsMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Options [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_AccumulatedAmortizationForeignCurrencyTranslation" xlink:to="TAOP_AccumulatedAmortizationForeignCurrencyTranslation_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_AccumulatedAmortizationForeignCurrencyTranslation_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated amortization, Foreign currency translation.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_OtherCurrentAssets" xlink:to="TAOP_OtherCurrentAssets_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_OtherCurrentAssets_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Other current assets.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_AdvancesFromUnrelatedThirdparties" xlink:to="TAOP_AdvancesFromUnrelatedThirdparties_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_AdvancesFromUnrelatedThirdparties_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Advances from unrelated third-parties.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_StockOptionsIssuedForServices" xlink:to="TAOP_StockOptionsIssuedForServices_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="TAOP_StockOptionsIssuedForServices_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Stock options issued for services.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchaneMember" xlink:to="TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchaneMember_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchaneMember_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">RMBCurrencyExchaneMember</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Assets, Current</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="us-gaap_Assets_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Assets</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_Liabilities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders' Equity Attributable to Parent</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_4_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities and Equity</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_GrossProfit_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Gross Profit</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Income (Loss)</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Portion Attributable to Parent</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="TAOP_IncreaseDecreaseInAdvancesToSuppliers_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">IncreaseDecreaseInAdvancesToSuppliers</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Other Accounts Payable and Accrued Liabilities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInCustomerAdvances" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInCustomerAdvances_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInCustomerAdvances_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Customer Advances</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Accounts Payable</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedIncomeTaxesPayable" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedIncomeTaxesPayable_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Payments to Acquire Property, Plant, and Equipment</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfShortTermDebt" xlink:to="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfShortTermDebt_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfShortTermDebt_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repayments of Short-term Debt</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and Cash Equivalents, Period Increase (Decrease)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsFiniteLivedPolicy_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Intangible Assets, Finite-Lived, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable, Current</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableRecoveries" xlink:to="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableRecoveries_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableRecoveries_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable, Recoveries</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InventoryGross" xlink:to="us-gaap_InventoryGross_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InventoryGross_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory, Gross</link:label>
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6809700192">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Document and Entity Information<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract', window );"><strong>Document And Entity Information</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">Taoping Inc.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001552670<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">6-K<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Jun. 30,  2018<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate', window );">Current Fiscal Year End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">--12-31<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">TAOP<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus', window );">Document Fiscal Period Focus</a></td>
<td class="text">Q2<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus', window );">Document Fiscal Year Focus</a></td>
<td class="text">2018<span></span>
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<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>If the value is true, then the document is an amendment to previously-filed/accepted document.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td>xbrli:gMonthDayItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This is focus fiscal period of the document report. For a first quarter 2006 quarterly report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, the first fiscal quarter should be given as the fiscal period focus. Values: FY, Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, H1, H2, M9, T1, T2, T3, M8, CY.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fiscalPeriodItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This is focus fiscal year of the document report in CCYY format. For a 2006 annual report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, fiscal 2006 should be given as the fiscal year focus. Example: 2006.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td>xbrli:gYearItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The end date of the period reflected on the cover page if a periodic report. For all other reports and registration statements containing historical data, it is the date up through which that historical data is presented.  If there is no historical data in the report, use the filing date. The format of the date is CCYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
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<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>11
<FILENAME>R2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6817248464">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>CURRENT ASSETS</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,043,874<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,260,808<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">6,923,695<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,267,752<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable-related parties</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,389,359<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,872,743<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdvancesOnInventoryPurchases', window );">Advances to suppliers</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,466,418<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,630,980<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet', window );">Inventories, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">596,783<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">631,610<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Other current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,491,117<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,854,792<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS</a></td>
<td class="nump">22,911,246<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21,518,685<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Property, plant and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,291,285<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,830,698<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill', window );">Intangible assets, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">380,915<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">808,707<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostMethodInvestments', window );">Long-term investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">45,314<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">46,094<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent', window );">Other non-current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,269,967<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,326,319<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">TOTAL ASSETS</a></td>
<td class="nump">37,898,727<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">37,530,503<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>CURRENT LIABILITIES</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBankLoansAndNotesPayable', window );">Short-term bank loans</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,280,369<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,817,610<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent', window );">Accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,753,651<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,844,440<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CustomerAdvancesCurrent', window );">Advances from customers</a></td>
<td class="nump">317,002<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">281,772<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_AdvancesFromCustomersRelatedParties', window );">Advances from customers-related parties</a></td>
<td class="nump">47,018<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,008,426<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Amounts due to related parties</a></td>
<td class="nump">71,293<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,183,090<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedSalariesCurrent', window );">Accrued payroll and benefits</a></td>
<td class="nump">319,261<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">290,841<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities', window );">Other payables and accrued expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,242,749<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,038,417<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesCurrent', window );">Income tax payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">284,116<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,548,415<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Liabilities', window );">TOTAL LIABILITIES</a></td>
<td class="nump">21,315,459<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">23,013,011<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>EQUITY</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Ordinary shares, par $0.00; authorized 100,000,000 shares; shares issued and outstanding, June 30, 2018:40,760,163 shares; December 31, 2017: 40,231,159 shares;</a></td>
<td class="nump">124,646,996<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">123,950,544<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,454,288<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15,814,328<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatutoryAccountingPracticesStatutoryCapitalAndSurplusBalance', window );">Reserve</a></td>
<td class="nump">13,812,095<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,812,095<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Accumulated deficit</a></td>
<td class="num">(170,390,549)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(172,395,246)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Accumulated other comprehensive income</a></td>
<td class="nump">23,754,044<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,201,766<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Total equity of the Company</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,276,874<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,383,487<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest', window );">Non-controlling interest</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,306,394<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,134,005<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Total Equity</a></td>
<td class="nump">16,583,268<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,517,492<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 37,898,727<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 37,530,503<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_AdvancesFromCustomersRelatedParties">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Advances from customers-related parties.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_AdvancesFromCustomersRelatedParties</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount due from customers or clients, within one year of the balance sheet date (or the normal operating cycle, whichever is longer), for goods or services (including trade receivables) that have been delivered or sold in the normal course of business, reduced to the estimated net realizable fair value by an allowance established by the entity of the amount it deems uncertain of collection.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109196051&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of the unpaid sum of the known and estimated amounts payable to satisfy all currently due domestic and foreign income tax obligations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(15)(b)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(15)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(20))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedSalariesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of the obligations incurred through that date and payable for employees' services provided. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6911-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6935-107765<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedSalariesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accumulated change in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, net of tax effect, at period end. Excludes Net Income (Loss), and accumulated changes in equity from transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. Includes foreign currency translation items, certain pension adjustments, unrealized gains and losses on certain investments in debt and equity securities, other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses related to factors other than credit losses on available-for-sale and held-to-maturity debt securities that an entity does not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that the entity will be required to sell before recovery of the amortized cost basis, as well as changes in the fair value of derivatives related to the effective portion of a designated cash flow hedge.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=d3e637-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669686-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=d3e681-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Excess of issue price over par or stated value of the entity's capital stock and amounts received from other transactions involving the entity's stock or stockholders. Includes adjustments to additional paid in capital. Some examples of such adjustments include recording the issuance of debt with a beneficial conversion feature and certain tax consequences of equity instruments awarded to employees. Use this element for the aggregate amount of additional paid-in capital associated with common and preferred stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only common stock, use the element additional paid in capital, common stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only preferred stock, use the element additional paid in capital, preferred stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdvancesOnInventoryPurchases">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value of capitalized payments made in advance for inventory that is expected to be received within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.8)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdvancesOnInventoryPurchases</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Assets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are recognized. Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(11))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(12))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Assets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are expected to be realized in cash, sold, or consumed within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer). Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6801-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.9)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable common stock (or common stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable common shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CostMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after adjustment, of cost-method investment. Adjustments include, but are not limited to, dividends received in excess of earnings after date of investment that are considered a return of investment and other than temporary impairments.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CostMethodInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CustomerAdvancesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The current portion of prepayments received from customers for goods or services to be provided in the future.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CustomerAdvancesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of receivables to be collected from related parties where one party can exercise control or significant influence over another party; including affiliates, owners or officers and their immediate families, pension trusts, and so forth, at the financial statement date. which are usually due within one year (or one business cycle).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(11))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(3)(a)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DueFromRelatedPartiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of obligations due all related parties. For classified balance sheets, represents the current portion of such liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DueToRelatedPartiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts of all intangible assets, excluding goodwill, as of the balance sheet date, net of accumulated amortization and impairment charges.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph ((a)(1),(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6388964&amp;loc=d3e16212-109274<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after valuation and LIFO reserves of inventory expected to be sold, or consumed within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=68049868&amp;loc=d3e3927-108312<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Liabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all liabilities that are recognized. Liabilities are probable future sacrifices of economic benefits arising from present obligations of an entity to transfer assets or provide services to other entities in the future.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19-26)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Liabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities and equity items, including the portion of equity attributable to noncontrolling interests, if any.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(23))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(25))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(32))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which is directly or indirectly attributable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (that is, noncontrolling interest, previously referred to as minority interest).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(24))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.31)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MinorityInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities incurred and payable to vendors for goods and services received classified as other, and expenses incurred but not yet paid, payable within one year or the operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.8)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncurrent assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(14))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(8))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(13))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
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<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cumulative amount of the reporting entity's undistributed earnings or deficit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td>instant</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBankLoansAndNotesPayable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of borrowings from a bank classified as other, maturing within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.16)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShortTermBankLoansAndNotesPayable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatutoryAccountingPracticesStatutoryCapitalAndSurplusBalance">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of statutory capital and surplus (stockholders' equity) as of the balance sheet date using prescribed or permitted statutory accounting practices (rather than GAAP, if different) of the state or country.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(c))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 505<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6486098&amp;loc=d3e24708-158529<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatutoryAccountingPracticesStatutoryCapitalAndSurplusBalance</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which are attributable to the parent. The amount of the economic entity's stockholders' equity attributable to the parent excludes the amount of stockholders' equity which is allocable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (noncontrolling interest, minority interest). This excludes temporary equity and is sometimes called permanent equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.E)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27010918&amp;loc=d3e74512-122707<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(31))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquity</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of stockholders' equity (deficit), net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity, attributable to both the parent and noncontrolling interests. Amount excludes temporary equity. Alternate caption for the concept is permanent equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4568740-111683<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4I<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84234705&amp;loc=SL4590271-111686<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4568447-111683<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6803076960">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract', window );"><strong>Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face amount or stated value per share of common stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of common shares permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total number of common shares of an entity that have been sold or granted to shareholders (includes common shares that were issued, repurchased and remain in the treasury). These shares represent capital invested by the firm's shareholders and owners, and may be all or only a portion of the number of shares authorized. Shares issued include shares outstanding and shares held in the treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares of common stock outstanding. Common stock represent the ownership interest in a corporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
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<SEQUENCE>13
<FILENAME>R4.htm
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6817929248">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">TOTAL REVENUE</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,364,033<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,732,064<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue', window );">TOTAL COST</a></td>
<td class="nump">6,098,127<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,298,620<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GrossProfit', window );">GROSS PROFIT</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,265,906<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,433,444<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Administrative expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,780,694<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,269,973<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense', window );">Research and development expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,484,574<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,943,445<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingExpense', window );">Selling expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">198,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">580,476<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">INCOME(LOSS) FROM OPERATIONS</a></td>
<td class="nump">802,138<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,360,450)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_SubsidyIncome', window );">Subsidy income</a></td>
<td class="nump">333,660<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">306,658<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncome', window );">Other income (loss), net</a></td>
<td class="num">(6,033)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">238,080<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest', window );">Interest income</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,218<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,065<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense', window );">Interest expense</a></td>
<td class="num">(244,455)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(225,140)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants', window );">Change in fair value of warrant liability</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,720<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Income (loss) before income taxes</a></td>
<td class="nump">886,528<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,031,067)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Income tax benefit</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,286,388<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,045,500<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss', window );">NET INCOME</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,172,916<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,433<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Less: Net (income) loss attributable to the non-controlling interest</a></td>
<td class="num">(168,219)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,264<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE COMPANY</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,004,697<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 34,697<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract', window );"><strong>Earnings per share - Basic and Diluted</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsPerBasicShare', window );">Basic</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.05<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsPerDilutedShare', window );">Diluted</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.05<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_NetEarningsPerShareAttributableToCompanyAbstract', window );"><strong>NET EARNINGS PER SHARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE COMPANY</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic', window );">Basic</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.05<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted', window );">Diluted</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.05<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=TAOP_ProductsMember', window );">Products [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">TOTAL REVENUE</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,468,355<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,124,904<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=TAOP_ProductsRelatedPartiesMember', window );">Products - Related Parties [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">TOTAL REVENUE</a></td>
<td class="nump">6,755,247<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">994,446<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=TAOP_SoftwareMember', window );">Software [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">TOTAL REVENUE</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,333,693<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,293,252<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=TAOP_SoftwareRelatedPartiesMember', window );">Software - Realted Parties [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">TOTAL REVENUE</a></td>
<td class="nump">47,105<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=TAOP_SystemIntegrationMember', window );">System Integration [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">TOTAL REVENUE</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,652<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=TAOP_OtherMember', window );">Other [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">TOTAL REVENUE</a></td>
<td class="nump">716,932<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">312,810<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=TAOP_OtherRelatedPartiesMember', window );">Other - Related Parties [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">TOTAL REVENUE</a></td>
<td class="nump">42,701<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=TAOP_CostProductsMember', window );">Cost - Products [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue', window );">TOTAL COST</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,616,492<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,198,247<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=TAOP_CostSoftwareMember', window );">Cost - Software [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue', window );">TOTAL COST</a></td>
<td class="nump">286,234<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">83,888<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=TAOP_CostSystemIntegrationMember', window );">Cost - System Integration [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue', window );">TOTAL COST</a></td>
<td class="nump">194,612<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,658<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=TAOP_CostOthersMember', window );">Cost - Others [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue', window );">TOTAL COST</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 789<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,827<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_NetEarningsPerShareAttributableToCompanyAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>NET EARNINGS PER SHARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE COMPANY.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_NetEarningsPerShareAttributableToCompanyAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_SubsidyIncome">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Subsidy income.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_SubsidyIncome</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate cost of goods produced and sold and services rendered during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CostOfRevenue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(19))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873790&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e1337-109256<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 52<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109256448&amp;loc=d3e4984-109258<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(21))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22694-107794<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e1252-109256<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(23))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873765&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 60B<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=SL5780133-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 52<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109256448&amp;loc=d3e4984-109258<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e1252-109256<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(23))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873765&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22694-107794<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e1337-109256<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(21))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 60B<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=SL5780133-109256<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(19))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873790&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expense (income) related to adjustment to fair value of warrant liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 480<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109262497&amp;loc=d3e20148-110875<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate total of expenses of managing and administering the affairs of an entity, including affiliates of the reporting entity, which are not directly or indirectly associated with the manufacture, sale or creation of a product or product line.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GrossProfit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate revenue less cost of goods and services sold or operating expenses directly attributable to the revenue generation activity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.1,2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GrossProfit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (loss) from continuing operations before deduction of income tax expense (benefit) and income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest, and addition of income (loss) from equity method investments.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(h)(1)(i))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesMinorityInterestAndIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsPerBasicShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) from continuing operations per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(19))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873765&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(11))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873790&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(21))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e1337-109256<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 60B<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=SL5780133-109256<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e1252-109256<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(20))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873765&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(23))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873765&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 9: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(13))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868656-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsPerBasicShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsPerDilutedShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) derived from continuing operations during the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e1337-109256<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e1252-109256<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(23))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873765&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(11))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873790&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(13))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868656-224227<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 60B<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=SL5780133-109256<br><br>Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(19))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873790&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 9: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(21))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsPerDilutedShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109238882&amp;loc=d3e38679-109324<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of the cost of borrowed funds accounted for as interest expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450988&amp;loc=d3e26243-108391<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775744&amp;loc=d3e28555-108399<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (210.5-03(11))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04.9)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873765&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before accretion (amortization) of purchase discount (premium) of interest income on nonoperating securities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873765&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(18))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873790&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(20))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of Net Income (Loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4J<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84234705&amp;loc=SL4591551-111686<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncome">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income related to nonoperating activities, classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncome</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, including the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4J<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84234705&amp;loc=SL4591551-111686<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3000-108585<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569616-111683<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4K<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84234705&amp;loc=SL4591552-111686<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProfitLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate costs incurred (1) in a planned search or critical investigation aimed at discovery of new knowledge with the hope that such knowledge will be useful in developing a new product or service, a new process or technique, or in bringing about a significant improvement to an existing product or process; or (2) to translate research findings or other knowledge into a plan or design for a new product or process or for a significant improvement to an existing product or process whether intended for sale or the entity's use, during the reporting period charged to research and development projects, including the costs of developing computer software up to the point in time of achieving technological feasibility, and costs allocated in accounting for a business combination to in-process projects deemed to have no alternative future use.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 985<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6501960&amp;loc=d3e128462-111756<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 730<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6420194&amp;loc=d3e21568-108373<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Revenues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized from goods sold, services rendered, insurance premiums, or other activities that constitute an earning process. Includes, but is not limited to, investment and interest income before deduction of interest expense when recognized as a component of revenue, and sales and trading gain (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Revenues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SellingExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Expenses recognized in the period that are directly related to the selling and distribution of products or services.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SellingExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=TAOP_ProductsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=TAOP_ProductsMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=TAOP_ProductsRelatedPartiesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=TAOP_ProductsRelatedPartiesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6803200656">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2017</div></th>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract', window );"><strong>Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 2,172,916<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 14,433<span></span>
</td>
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<tr class="re">
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent', window );">Foreign currency translation gain (loss)</a></td>
<td class="num">(443,552)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(106,797)<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent', window );">Comprehensive gain (loss)</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,729,364<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(92,364)<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to the non- controlling interest</a></td>
<td class="num">(172,389)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">36,267<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax', window );">Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to the Company</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,556,975<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (56,097)<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income and other comprehensive income, attributable to parent entity. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=d3e557-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax and reclassification adjustments of gain (loss) on foreign currency translation adjustments, foreign currency transactions designated and effective as economic hedges of a net investment in a foreign entity and intra-entity foreign currency transactions that are of a long-term-investment nature, attributable to parent entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569643-111683<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569616-111683<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569643-111683<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569616-111683<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to parent entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569643-111683<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569616-111683<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, including the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4J<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84234705&amp;loc=SL4591551-111686<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3000-108585<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569616-111683<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4K<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84234705&amp;loc=SL4591552-111686<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity - 6 months ended Jun. 30, 2018 - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Ordinary Shares [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Additional Paid-In Capital [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Reserve [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Accumulated Deficit [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Noncontrolling Interest [Member]</div></th>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Balance at Dec. 31, 2017</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 123,950,544<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 15,814,328<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 13,812,095<span></span>
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<td class="num">$ (172,395,246)<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 24,201,766<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 9,134,005<span></span>
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<td class="nump">$ 14,517,492<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesOutstanding', window );">Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2017</a></td>
<td class="nump">40,231,159<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueIssuedForServices', window );">Common stock issued for exercise of the stock options for consulting services</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 70,268<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(23,768)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">46,500<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesIssuedForServices', window );">Common stock issued for exercise of the stock options for consulting services, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">50,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised', window );">Issued common stock for exercise of employee options</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 626,184<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(626,184)<span></span>
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<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
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<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised', window );">Issued common stock for exercise of employee options, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">479,004<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">802,800<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,004,697<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">168,219<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,172,916<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent', window );">Foreign currency translation loss</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(447,722)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,170<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(443,552)<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense', window );">Stock based compensation</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">289,912<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">289,912<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Balance at Jun. 30, 2018</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 124,646,996<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,454,288<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,812,095<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (170,390,549)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 23,754,044<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 9,306,394<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 16,583,268<span></span>
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<td class="nump">40,760,163<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Represents the expense recognized during the period arising from equity-based compensation arrangements (for example, shares of stock, unit, stock options or other equity instruments) with employees, directors and certain consultants qualifying for treatment as employees.</p></div>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax and reclassification adjustments of gain (loss) on foreign currency translation adjustments, foreign currency transactions designated and effective as economic hedges of a net investment in a foreign entity and intra-entity foreign currency transactions that are of a long-term-investment nature, attributable to parent entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569643-111683<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569616-111683<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, including the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4J<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84234705&amp;loc=SL4591551-111686<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3000-108585<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569616-111683<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4K<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84234705&amp;loc=SL4591552-111686<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProfitLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares issued which are neither cancelled nor held in the treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharesOutstanding</td>
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<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesIssuedForServices">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares issued in lieu of cash for services contributed to the entity. Number of shares includes, but is not limited to, shares issued for services contributed by vendors and founders.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesIssuedForServices</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of share options (or share units) exercised during the current period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueIssuedForServices">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value of stock issued in lieu of cash for services contributed to the entity. Value of the stock issued includes, but is not limited to, services contributed by vendors and founders.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueIssuedForServices</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value of stock issued as a result of the exercise of stock options.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29-31)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of stockholders' equity (deficit), net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity, attributable to both the parent and noncontrolling interests. Amount excludes temporary equity. Alternate caption for the concept is permanent equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4568740-111683<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4I<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84234705&amp;loc=SL4590271-111686<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4568447-111683<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6817198608">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2017</div></th>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>OPERATING ACTIVITIES</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss', window );">Net income</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,172,916<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14,433<span></span>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsNoncashItemsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities::</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts', window );">(Reversal of) provision for losses on accounts receivable and other current assets</a></td>
<td class="num">(94,852)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">151,784<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown', window );">Provision for obsolete inventories</a></td>
<td class="nump">32,526<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">164,783<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Depreciation', window );">Depreciation</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,508,141<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">920,710<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets', window );">Amortization of intangible assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">430,462<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">406,711<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment', window );">Loss (Gain) on sale of property and equipment</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,402<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(436)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfOtherAssets', window );">Loss on disposal of inventories</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">103,965<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_StockbasedPaymentsForConsultingServices', window );">Stock-based payments for consulting services</a></td>
<td class="nump">22,357<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense', window );">Stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="nump">289,912<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">247,098<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants', window );">Change in fair value of warrants liability</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,720)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract', window );"><strong>Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of business acquisitions and dispositions:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable', window );">Accounts receivable</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,766,056)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,825,534)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableRelatedParties', window );">Accounts receivable from related party and its affiliates</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,701,918)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories', window );">Inventories</a></td>
<td class="num">(40,053)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(521,544)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherReceivables', window );">Other receivables and prepaid expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,250,035<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,832,397<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_IncreaseDecreaseInAdvancesToSuppliers', window );">Advances to suppliers</a></td>
<td class="nump">200,066<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(716,846)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities', window );">Other payables and accrued expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">302,020<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(878,520)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInCustomerAdvances', window );">Advances from customers</a></td>
<td class="nump">41,586<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">806,613<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedParties', window );">Advances from customers from related party and its affiliates</a></td>
<td class="num">(981,656)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Amounts due to related parties</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,134,913)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable', window );">Accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,381,380<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">303,534<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedIncomeTaxesPayable', window );">Income tax payable</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,287,011)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,045,500)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities', window );">Net cash provided (used) in operating activities</a></td>
<td class="nump">629,344<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(40,072)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>INVESTING ACTIVITIES</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Proceeds from sale of property and equipment</a></td>
<td class="nump">598<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">436<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Purchases of property and equipment</a></td>
<td class="num">(400,551)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(244,906)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities', window );">Net cash used in investing activities</a></td>
<td class="num">(399,953)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(244,470)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>FINANCING ACTIVITIES</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromShortTermDebt', window );">Borrowings under short-term loans</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,099,113<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,018,063<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised', window );">Proceeds from issuance of ordinary shares in connection with cash exercise of stock options</a></td>
<td class="nump">46,527<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfShortTermDebt', window );">Repayment of short-term loans</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,519,917)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,200,762)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities', window );">Net cash used in financing activities</a></td>
<td class="num">(374,277)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,182,699)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashAndCashEquivalents', window );">Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="num">(72,048)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">42,731<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease', window );">NET DECREASE IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS</a></td>
<td class="num">(216,934)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,424,510)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, BEGINNING</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,260,808<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,752,375<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS, ENDING</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,043,874<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,327,865<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_CashPaidDuringTheYearAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash paid during the year</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid', window );">Income taxes</a></td>
<td class="nump">623<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet', window );">Interest</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 244,455<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 225,140<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_CashPaidDuringTheYearAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cash paid during the year</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_CashPaidDuringTheYearAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_IncreaseDecreaseInAdvancesToSuppliers">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Advances to suppliers.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_IncreaseDecreaseInAdvancesToSuppliers</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_StockbasedPaymentsForConsultingServices">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Stock-based payments for consulting services.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_StockbasedPaymentsForConsultingServices</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsNoncashItemsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsNoncashItemsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Represents the expense recognized during the period arising from equity-based compensation arrangements (for example, shares of stock, unit, stock options or other equity instruments) with employees, directors and certain consultants qualifying for treatment as employees.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5047-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 14.F)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115993241&amp;loc=d3e301413-122809<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (h)(1)(i)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate expense charged against earnings to allocate the cost of intangible assets (nonphysical assets not used in production) in a systematic and rational manner to the periods expected to benefit from such assets. As a noncash expense, this element is added back to net income when calculating cash provided by or used in operations using the indirect method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6388964&amp;loc=d3e16225-109274<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AmortizationOfIntangibleAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents are the amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Includes effect from exchange rate changes.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecrease</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Depreciation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of expense recognized in the current period that reflects the allocation of the cost of tangible assets over the assets' useful lives. Includes production and non-production related depreciation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Depreciation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashAndCashEquivalents">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) from the effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalent balances held in foreign currencies.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 230<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513438&amp;loc=d3e33268-110906<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashAndCashEquivalents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expense (income) related to adjustment to fair value of warrant liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 480<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109262497&amp;loc=d3e20148-110875<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfOtherAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of gain (loss) on sale or disposal of other assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfOtherAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of gain (loss) on sale or disposal of property, plant and equipment assets, including oil and gas property and timber property.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of cash paid during the current period to foreign, federal, state, and local authorities as taxes on income.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4297-108586<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the aggregate amount of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in amount due within one year (or one business cycle) from customers for the credit sale of goods and services.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableRelatedParties">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the amount due to the reporting entity for good and services provided to the following types of related parties: a parent company and its subsidiaries; subsidiaries of a common parent; an entity and trust for the benefit of employees, such as pension and profit-sharing trusts that are managed by or under the trusteeship of the entity's management, an entity and its principal owners, management, member of their immediate families, affiliates, or other parties with the ability to exert significant influence.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableRelatedParties</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedIncomeTaxesPayable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the period in the amount due for taxes based on the reporting entity's earnings or attributable to the entity's income earning process (business presence) within a given jurisdiction.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedIncomeTaxesPayable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInCustomerAdvances">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the amount of prepayments by customers for goods or services to be provided at a later date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInCustomerAdvances</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedParties">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the aggregate amount of obligations to be paid to the following types of related parties: a parent company and its subsidiaries; subsidiaries of a common parent; an entity and trust for the benefit of employees, such as pension and profit-sharing trusts that are managed by or under the trusteeship of the entities' management; an entity and its principal owners, management, or member of their immediate families; affiliates; or other parties with the ability to exert significant influence.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedParties</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedPartiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the aggregate amount of obligations to be paid to the following types of related parties: a parent company and its subsidiaries; subsidiaries of a common parent; an entity and trust for the benefit of employees, such as pension and profit-sharing trusts that are managed by or under the trusteeship of the entities' management; an entity and its principal owners, management, or member of their immediate families, affiliates, or other parties with the ability to exert significant influence.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDueToRelatedPartiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the aggregate value of all inventory held by the reporting entity, associated with underlying transactions that are classified as operating activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in other obligations or expenses incurred but not yet paid.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherReceivables">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in receivables classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherReceivables</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash paid for interest, excluding capitalized interest, classified as operating activity. Includes, but is not limited to, payment to settle zero-coupon bond for accreted interest of debt discount and debt instrument with insignificant coupon interest rate in relation to effective interest rate of borrowing attributable to accreted interest of debt discount.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=98513485&amp;loc=d3e4297-108586<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3367-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestPaidNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of loss from reductions in inventory due to subsequent measurement adjustments, including, but not limited to, physical deterioration, obsolescence, or changes in price levels.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=68049868&amp;loc=SL66093879-108312<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 1C<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=68049868&amp;loc=SL66093883-108312<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66092785&amp;loc=d3e4542-108314<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities, including discontinued operations. Financing activity cash flows include obtaining resources from owners and providing them with a return on, and a return of, their investment; borrowing money and repaying amounts borrowed, or settling the obligation; and obtaining and paying for other resources obtained from creditors on long-term credit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities, including discontinued operations. Investing activity cash flows include making and collecting loans and acquiring and disposing of debt or equity instruments and property, plant, and equipment and other productive assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities, including discontinued operations. Operating activity cash flows include transactions, adjustments, and changes in value not defined as investing or financing activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities</td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of long-lived, physical assets that are used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale; includes cash outflows to pay for construction of self-constructed assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow from the sale of long-lived, physical assets that are used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3179-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow from a borrowing having initial term of repayment within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromShortTermDebt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow from exercise of stock options granted under share-based compensation arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=SL79508275-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, including the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4J<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84234705&amp;loc=SL4591551-111686<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3000-108585<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4569616-111683<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4K<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84234705&amp;loc=SL4591552-111686<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProfitLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expense related to write-down of receivables to the amount expected to be collected. Includes, but is not limited to, accounts receivable and notes receivable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.5)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82913815&amp;loc=SL49130534-203044<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow for a borrowing having initial term of repayment within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3291-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RepaymentsOfShortTermDebt</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6611727536">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Organization, Principal Activities and Management's Plans<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NatureOfOperations', window );">Organization, Principal Activities and Management's Plans</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>1. ORGANIZATION, PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES AND MANAGEMENT&#8217;S
PLANS</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Taoping Inc. (f/k/a China Information
Technology, Inc.), together with its subsidiaries (the &#8220;Company&#8221; or &#8220;TAOP&#8221;), is a leading provider of cloud-app
technologies for Smart City IoT platforms, digital advertising delivery, and other internet-based information distribution systems
in China. Our Internet ecosystem enables all participants of the new media community to efficiently promote branding, disseminate
information, and exchange resources. In addition, we provide a broad portfolio of software, hardware with fully integrated solutions,
including Information Technology infrastructure, Internet-enabled display technologies, and IoT platforms to customers in government,
education, residential community management, media, transportation, and other private sectors. In May 2018, we changed our corporate
name from &#8220;China Information Technology Inc.&#8221; to &#8220;Taoping Inc.), to more accurately reflect our current business
operations in the new media and IoT industries. As listed in the table below, these services are provided through the Company&#8217;s
wholly-owned PRC subsidiaries, Information Security Technology International Co., Ltd. (&#8220;IST&#8221;), TopCloud Software Co.,
Ltd., (&#8220;TopCloud &#8220;), and Information Security IoT Tech. Co., Ltd. (&#8220;ISIOT ), and through the Company&#8217;s
variable interest entity (&#8220;VIE&#8221;), iASPEC Geo Information Technology Co., Ltd. (&#8220;iASPEC&#8221;), and its subsidiaries,
iASPEC Bocom IoT Technology Co. Ltd. (&#8220;Bocom&#8221;), Shenzhen Taoping Internet Tech. Co., Ltd. (&#8220;Taoping&#8221;),
and Shenzhen Biznest Internet Tech. Co., Ltd. (&#8220;Biznest&#8221;), and the Company&#8217;s wholly-owned Hong Kong subsidiaries
Information Security Tech. International Co. Ltd. (&#8220;IST HK&#8221;), and HPC Electronics (China) Co., Limited (&#8220;HPC
&#8221;).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>June 30,</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>December 31,</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>December 31,</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Subsidiaries/</b></font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2017</b></font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2016</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>VIE</b></font></td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>% owned</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>% owned</b></font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 13%; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">British Virgin Islands</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Information Security Tech. International Co., Ltd. (ISTIL)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Subsidiary</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Hong Kong, China</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Information Security Tech. (China) Co., Ltd. (IST)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Subsidiary</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shenzhen, China</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">TopCloud Software (China) Co., Ltd. (TopCloud)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Subsidiary</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shenzhen, China</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Information Security IoT Tech. Co., Ltd. (ISIOT)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Subsidiary</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shenzhen, China</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">iASPEC Technology Group Co., Ltd. (iASPEC)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">VIE</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shenzhen, China</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">VIE</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
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    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shenzhen, China</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
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    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
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    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
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</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><u>Strategic Shift and Business Transformation</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In early 2013, the Company made a strategic
decision to transform its business from servicing the public sector to focusing on the private sector. Leveraging the experience
and expertise in handling large-scale IT projects for the public sector, the Company started investing in research and development
to develop software products for the private sector. In 2014, continuing business transformation, the Company identified four core
markets and provided cloud-based ecosystem solutions to new media, healthcare, education, and residential community management.
In 2014, the Company predominately sold its cloud-based solutions to the Chinese new media industry. Starting from 2015, the Company
further expanded the customer base of cloud-based solutions to education, government and residential community management. In 2016,
the Company grew its industry-specific integrated technology platform, resource exchange, and big data services to elevator IoT
application for residential community customers. From May 2017, the Company has focused its business to provide products and services
in Cloud-App-Terminal (CAT) and Internet of Things (IoT) technology based digital advertising distribution network and new media
resource sharing platform in the Out-of-Home adverting market in China.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">As part of the strategic shift, the
company disposed of its equity ownership in Geo and Zhongtian respectively in 2015.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">On November 6, 2015, iASPEC entered
into an equity transfer agreement with certain individual and institutional purchasers (the &#8220;Transferees&#8221;). Pursuant
to the transfer agreement, iASPEC sold all of its equity ownership of Wuda Geoinformatics Co., Ltd. ( &#8220;Geo&#8221;), which
constituted 54.89% of the total capital stock of Geo, for an aggregate purchase price of RMB 91.3 million (approximately $14.7
million) (the &#8220;Geo Purchase Price&#8221;). Control of Geo was legally transferred to the Transferees on December 4, 2015.
Pursuant to the transfer agreement, the Transferees agreed to pay the Geo Purchase Price in four installments by March 30, 2016,
which has been paid in full.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">On November 9, 2015, iASPEC entered
into an equity transfer agreement with a purchaser (the &#8220;Transferee&#8221;). Pursuant to the transfer agreement, iASPEC sold
all of its equity ownership of Shenzhen iASPEC Zhongtian Software Co., Ltd. (&#8220;Zhongtian&#8221;), which constituted 100% of
total capital stock of Zhongtian for an aggregate of RMB 30.0 million (approximately $4.8 million) (the &#8220;Zhongtian Purchase
Price&#8221;). Control of Zhongtian was legally transferred to the Transferee on November 9, 2015. Pursuant to the transfer agreement,
the Transferee agreed to pay the Zhongtian Purchase Price in three installments by May 31, 2016, which has been paid in full in
2016.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Disposals of Geo and Zhongtian represented
a strategic shift in the Company&#8217;s strategy and would have a major effect on the Company&#8217;s operations and financial
results.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><u>Management Service Agreement</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">iASPEC is a VIE of the Company. To comply
with PRC laws and regulations that restrict foreign ownership of companies that provide public security information technology
and Geographic Information Systems software operating services to certain government and other customers, the Company operates
the restricted aspect of its business through iASPEC.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the terms of a management
service agreement by and among IST, iASPEC and its shareholders, dated July 1, 2007 (&#8220;MSA&#8221;), iASPEC granted IST a ten-year,
exclusive, royalty-free, transferable worldwide license to use and install certain iASPEC software, along with copies of source
and object codes relating to such software. In addition, IST licensed back to iASPEC a royalty-free, limited, non-exclusive license
to the software, without right of sub-license, for the sole purpose of permitting iASPEC to carry out its business as presently
conducted. IST has the right to designate two Chinese citizens to serve as senior managers of iASPEC, to serve as a majority on
iASPEC&#8217;s Board of Directors, and to assist managing the business and operations of iASPEC. In addition, both iASPEC and IST
will require the affirmative vote of a majority of the Company&#8217;s Board of Directors, including at least one non-insider director,
for certain material actions, as defined, with respect to iASPEC.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>Option Agreement</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In connection with the MSA, on July
1, 2007, IST also entered into an immediately exercisable purchase option agreement (the &#8220;Option Agreement&#8221;) with iASPEC
and its shareholders. Pursuant to the Option Agreement, the iASPEC shareholder granted IST or its designee(s) an exclusive, irrevocable
option to purchase, from time to time, all or a part of iASPEC&#8217;s shares or iASPEC&#8217;s assets from the iASPEC shareholder
for $1,800,000 in aggregate. The option may not be exercised if the exercise would violate any applicable laws and regulations
in PRC or cause any license or permit held by, and necessary for the operation of iASPEC, to be cancelled or invalidated. The Option
Agreement will terminate on the date that IST exercises its purchase option and acquires all the shares or assets of iASPEC pursuant
to the terms of the Option Agreement. The Option Agreement may be rescinded by IST upon 30 days&#8217; notice without costs to
terminate. The Option Agreement does not have renewal provisions.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><u>Amended and Restated MSA</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Amended and Restated MSA was entered
into on December 13, 2009, by and among IST, iASPEC and iASPEC&#8217;s sole shareholder, Mr. Lin. Pursuant to the Amended and Restated
MSA, IST will provide management and consulting services to iASPEC, under the following terms:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="width: 24px; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">iASPEC agreed that IST will be entitled to receive ninety five percent (95%) of the Net Received Profit, as defined, of iASPEC during the term of the Agreement. iASPEC is obligated to calculate and pay the Net Received Profit due to IST no later than the last day of the first month following the end of each fiscal quarter. Mr. Lin, agreed to enter into an agreement with IST to pledge all of his equity interests in iASPEC as security for his and iASPEC&#8217;s fulfillment of their respective obligations under the MSA, and to register the pledge agreement with the local AIC (Administration for Industry and Commerce). The Amended and Restated MSA was executed on December 13, 2009. Based on the advice of the Company&#8217;s PRC legal counsel, in January 2010 all the parties to the agreement decided not to enter into a pledge agreement. </font></td></tr>
<tr>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
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</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="width: 24px; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 24px; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Based on iASPEC&#8217;s needs for its development and operation, IST has the right, from time to time, at its sole discretion, to provide iASPEC with capital support. </font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">The Amended and Restated MSA amended certain terms of the
original Management Service Agreement which became effective on July 1, 2007 and has a term of 30 years unless otherwise early
termination by the parties by one of the following means:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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    <td style="width: 24px; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 24px; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Either iASPEC or IST may terminate the Amended and Restated MSA immediately (a) upon the material breach by a party of its obligations and the failure of such party to cure such breach within 30 working days after written notice from the non-breaching party; or (b) upon the filing of a voluntary or involuntary petition in bankruptcy by a party, or of which the party is the subject to insolvency, or the commencement of any proceedings placing the party in a receivership, or of any assignment by a party for the benefit of creditors; or </font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The Amended and Restated MSA may be terminated at any time by IST upon 90 calendar days&#8217; written notice delivered to all other parties. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Upon any effective date of any termination
of the Amended and Restated MSA: (a) IST will cease providing management services to iASPEC; (ii) IST will deliver to iASPEC all
chops and seals of iASPEC; (iii) IST will deliver to iASPEC all of the financial and other books and records of iASPEC, including
any and all permits, licenses, certificates and other proprietary and operational documents and instruments; (iv) the senior managers
who are recommended by IST and elected as directors of iASPEC will resign from the Board of Directors of iASPEC in a lawful way;
and (v) the software license that iASPEC granted to IST according to the Amended and Restated MSA will terminate unless otherwise
agreed by the parties. In addition, any amounts owing from any party to any other party on the effective date of any termination
under the terms of the Amended and Restated MSA will continue to be due and owing despite such termination.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Amended and Restated MSA does not
have renewal provisions. We expect that the parties to the Amended and Restated MSA will negotiate to extend the term of the agreement
before its expiration.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The substance of the Amended and Restated
MSA and the Option Agreement is to:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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    <td style="width: 24px; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 24px; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Allow the Company to utilize the business licenses, contacts, permits, and other resources of iASPEC in order for the Company to be able to expand its operations and business model; </font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Provide the Company with effective control over all of iASPEC&#8217;s operations; and provide the shareholders of iASPEC an opportunity to monetize a portion of their investment through the $1.8 million purchase option. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>Going Concern and Management&#8217;s
Plans</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">For the six months ended June 30, 2018,
the Company earned net income of approximately $2.0 million from continuing operations, compared to $35,000 for the same period
of 2017. The Company reported positive cash flows from operations of approximately $0.6 million for the six months ended June 30,
2018, compared to negative cash flows of $40,000 from operations for the same period of 2017. As of June 30, 2018, the Company
had working capital of $1.6 million, which was a significant improvement over a working capital deficiency of $1.5 million as of
December 31, 2017. The Company had significant accumulated deficit approximately $170.4 million and $172.4 million as of June 30,
2018 and December 31, 2017, respectively.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Continuing the Company&#8217;s business
transformation from providing IT software, hardware, and system integration services to the public sectors to offering cloud-based
ecosystem solutions to the private sectors, management has developed its 2015 business plan which continued to be executed into
2018, encompassing six strategies: 1) redirect the Company&#8217;s resources to selling high-margin software solutions; 2) reinforce
stringent cash collection policies to shorten the Company&#8217;s days of sales outstanding; 3) streamline the Company&#8217;s
purchase order management process to reduce inventory; 4) control the Company&#8217;s cost structure; 5) obtain additional government
subsidies for developing new and innovative cloud-based software solutions; and 6) reduce the Company&#8217;s short-term debt burden.
Starting in April 2016, the Company began receiving an annual rental fee of $380,000 from certain third parties for leasing of
its office facility located in Nanshan Industrial Park, Shenzhen. In 2017, the Company has completed its transformation to a leading
products and services provider of CAT and IoT technology based digital advertising distribution network and new media resource
sharing platform in the Out-of-Home Advertising Market in China. In 2017, the Company has become profitable as a result of a successful
transition of the Company&#8217;s business model. In the first half of 2018, the Company continued to expand the market and significantly
increased its revenue and net income to $11.4 million and $2.0 million respectively.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">However, if one or all of these events
do not occur or the Company&#8217;s business strategies are not successful in addressing its current financial concerns, substantial
doubt exists about the Company&#8217;s ability to continue as a going concern. The consolidated financial statements have been
prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern and, accordingly, do not include any adjustments that might
result from the outcome of this uncertainty.</p><span></span>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6800398304">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract', window );"><strong>Accounting Policies [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock', window );">Summary of Significant Accounting Policies</a></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>(a) Basis of Presentation and Principles
of Consolidation</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The consolidated financial statements
as of June 30, 2018 and for the six month periods ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 are unaudited. The accompanying unaudited consolidated
financial statements have been prepared by the Company in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United
States of America (&#8220;U.S. GAAP&#8221;) for interim financial reporting. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting
of normal recurring adjustments) have been made that are necessary to present fairly the financial position, the results of its
operations and cash flows. Operating results as presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for a full
year. These financial statements and related notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto
included in the Company&#8217;s Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2017 filed on March 30, 2018 with the Securities and
Exchange Commission.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The consolidated financial statements
include the accounts of the Company, its subsidiaries, and its VIE for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. All significant
intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>(b) Use of Estimates</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The preparation of the consolidated
financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the
date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The Company&#8217;s
significant estimates include its accounts receivable, warrants liability, fair value of stock options, valuation allowance of
deferred tax assets, and other intangible assets. Management makes these estimates using the best information available at the
time the estimates are made; however actual results could differ from those estimates.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>(c) Economic and Political Risks</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">All the Company&#8217;s revenue-generating
operations are conducted in the PRC. Accordingly, the Company&#8217;s business, financial condition and results of operations may
be influenced by the political, economic and legal environments in the PRC, and by the general state of the PRC economy. The Company&#8217;s
operations in the PRC are subject to special considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in North
America and Western Europe. These include risks associated with, among others, the political, economic and legal environments and
foreign currency exchange. The Company&#8217;s financial results may be adversely affected by changes in the political and social
conditions in the PRC, and by changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures,
currency conversion, remittances abroad, and rates and methods of taxation.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>(d) Cash and Cash Equivalents</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company considers all highly liquid
investments purchased and cash deposits with financial institutions with original maturities of three months or less to be cash
equivalents. The Company had no cash equivalents as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company maintains its cash accounts
at credit worthy financial institutions and closely monitors the movements of its cash positions. As of June 30, 2018 and December
31, 2017, approximately $3.0 million and $3.2 million of cash, respectively, was held in bank accounts in the PRC.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>(e) Accounts Receivable, Accounts
Receivable &#8211;related parties, and Concentration of Risk</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Accounts receivable are recognized and
carried at invoiced amount less an allowance for any uncollectible accounts, if any. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful
accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. The Company reviews the
collectability of its receivables on an ongoing basis. After all attempts to collect a receivable have failed, the receivable is
written off against the allowance.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company evaluates the creditworthiness
of all of its customers individually before accepting them and continuously monitors the recoverability of accounts receivable.
If there are any indicators that a customer may not make payment, the Company may consider making provision for non-collectability
for that particular customer. At the same time, the Company may cease further sales or services to such customer. The following
are some of the factors that the Company considers in determining whether to discontinue sales or record an allowance:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: top">
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<tr style="vertical-align: top">
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<tr style="vertical-align: top">
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<tr style="vertical-align: top">
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<tr style="vertical-align: top">
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<tr style="vertical-align: top">
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</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company considers the following
factors when determining whether to permit a longer payment period or provide other concessions to customers:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
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<tr style="vertical-align: top">
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<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
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</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Since May 2017, the Company entered
into a series of contracts with Shenzhen Taoping New Media, Ltd.(&#8220;Shenzhen Taoping&#8221;) and its affiliates for the sale
of the Company&#8217;s Cloud-Application-Terminal based digital ads display terminals, software and technical services. Shenzhen
Taoping is a company controlled by Mr. Lin.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><u>Accounts receivable as at June 30, 2018 and December 31,
2017 are as follows:</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accounts Receivable</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">9,808,594</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2,884,899</font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2,981,705</font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accounts Receivable &#8211; Net</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6,923,695</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,267,752</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accounts Receivable-related parties</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,389,359</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,872,743</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The allowance for doubtful accounts
at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, totaled approximately $2.9 million and $3.0 million, respectively, representing management&#8217;s
best estimate. The following table describes the movements in the allowance for doubtful accounts during the six month period ended
June 30, 2018 and the year ended December 31, 2017:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="width: 79%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance at January 1, 2017</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,625,765</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Increase in allowance for doubtful accounts</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">180,305</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Foreign exchange difference</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">175,635</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance at December 31, 2017</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,981,705</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Increase in allowance for doubtful accounts</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">28,155</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Amounts recovered during the period</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(74,446</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Foreign exchange difference</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(50,515</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance at June 30, 2018 (Unaudited)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,884,899</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">(f) Advances to Suppliers</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Advances to suppliers represent cash deposits for the purchase
of inventory items from suppliers.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">(g) Advances from Customers and related parties</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Advances from customers and related
parties represent cash received from customers and related parties as advance payments for the purchases of the Company&#8217;s
products and services.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">h) Fair Value and Fair Value Measurement of Financial Instruments</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Management has estimated that the carrying
amounts of non-related party financial instruments approximate fair values for all periods presented due to their short-term maturities.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Fair Value Accounting</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Financial Accounting Standards Board
(FASB) Accounting Standards Codifications (ASC) 820-10 &#8220;Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures&#8221;, establishes a fair
value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest
priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest
priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). As required by FASB ASC 820-10, assets are classified in their entirety
based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy
under FASB ASC 820-10 are described below:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 1 </font></td>
    <td style="width: 90%; text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities; </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 2 </font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability; and </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 3 </font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both significant to the fair value measurement and unobservable (supported by little or no market activity). </font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">The following tables present the fair value hierarchy of
those assets and liabilities measured at fair value:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Recurring fair value measurements:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">As of December 31, 2017, the Company
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A warrants expired on May 27, 2018 without exercise. Series B warrants have been fully exercised as of December 31, 2016. The following
tables reflect the quantitative information about recurring Level 3 fair value measurements:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The warrants liability is considered
a Level 3 liability on the fair value hierarchy as the determination of fair values includes various assumptions about future activities,
stock price, and historical volatility inputs. Significant unobservable inputs for the Level 3 warrants liability include (1) the
estimated probability of the occurrence of a down round financing during the term over which the related warrants are exercisable,
(2) the estimated magnitude of the down round, and (3) the estimated magnitude of any net cash fractional share settlement. Significant
increases or decreases in any of those inputs in isolation would result in a significantly different fair value measurement.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">(i) Inventories</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Inventories are valued at the lower
of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the expected selling price in the ordinary course of business minus any
costs of completion, disposal, and transportation to make the sale.</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company performs an analysis of
slow-moving or obsolete inventory periodically and any necessary valuation reserves, which could potentially be significant, are
included in the period in which the evaluations are completed. Any inventory impairment results in a new cost basis for accounting
purposes.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

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useful lives, using the straight-line method. Estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment are as follows:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Maintenance and repairs costs are expensed
as incurred, whereas significant renewals and betterments are capitalized.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(k) Intangible assets</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Intangible assets represent technology,
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Intangible assets are stated at acquisition
fair value or cost less accumulated amortization, and amortized using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful
lives:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">(l) Goodwill</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">ASC 350-30-50, &#8220;Goodwill and Other
Intangible Assets&#8221;, requires the testing of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at least annually.
The Company tests goodwill for impairment in the fourth quarter each year or earlier if an indicator of impairment exists.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Under applicable accounting guidance,
the goodwill impairment analysis is a two-step test. The first step of the goodwill impairment test involves comparing the fair
value of each reporting unit with its carrying amount including goodwill. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying
amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is considered not impaired; however, if the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds
its fair value, the second step must be performed to measure potential impairment.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The second step involves calculating
an implied fair value of goodwill for each reporting unit for which the first step indicated possible impairment. If the implied
fair value of goodwill exceeds the goodwill assigned to the reporting unit, there is no impairment. If the goodwill assigned to
a reporting unit exceeds the implied fair value of goodwill, an impairment charge is recorded for the excess.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(m) Impairment of Long-Lived Assets</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Long-lived assets held and used by the
Company are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of assets may
not be recoverable. It is reasonably possible that these assets could become impaired as a result of technology or other industry
changes. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is determined by comparing their carrying amount with their expected future
net undiscounted future cash flows from the assets. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized
is measured by how much the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the assets. Assets held for disposal, if any, are reported
at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(n) Derivative liability - Warrants</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The classification of derivative instruments,
including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is determined and re-assessed at the end of
each reporting period, in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815, &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging&#8221;. This guidance affects the
accounting for warrants issued acquiring the Company&#8217;s ordinary shares that contain provisions to protect warrant holders
from a decline in the stock price, referred to as down-round protection. Down-round provisions reduce the exercise price of a warrant,
if the company either issues equity shares for a price that is lower than the exercise price of the warrants, or issues convertible
instruments with a conversion price per equity share that is less than the exercise price of the warrants, or issues new warrants
or options that have a lower exercise price. For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative
instrument is initially recorded at its fair value and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value
charged to earning or loss. The Company generally uses a binomial or lattice model and Monte-Carlo simulation to value the warrants
at inception and subsequent valuation dates. Derivative instrument liabilities are classified in the balance sheet as current or
non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement of the derivative instrument could be required within 12 months of the
balance sheet date.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(o) Revenue Recognition</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Beginning January 1, 2018, the Company
has adopted the ASU 2014-09, Topic 606, &#8220;Revenue from Contracts with Customers&#8221; and its related amendments (collectively
referred to as &#8220;FASB ASC 606&#8221;) for its new revenue recognition accounting policy that depicts the transfer of promised
goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange
for those goods or services. The adoption of the new revenue recognition standard has no impact on the Company&#8217;s consolidated
financial statements for any periods prior to 2018. Therefore prior period amounts are not adjusted.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company generates its revenues primarily
from four sources: (1) hardware sales, (2) software subscription, (3) software sales, and (4) system integration. Revenue is recognized
when obligations under the terms of a contract with our customers are satisfied; and generally occurs upon delivery of the goods
and services.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>Hardware sales</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Hardware revenues are generated primarily
from the sale of Cloud-Application-Terminal based digital ads display terminals with integrated software essential to the functionality
of the hardware to our customers (inclusive of related parties). Although manufacturing of the hardware has been outsourced to
the Company&#8217;s OEM suppliers, the Company has acted as the principal of the contract. The Company has indicated that it may
from time to time provide future unspecified software upgrades to the hardware products&#8217; essential software, which is expected
to be infrequent and, free of charge. Non-software services is mainly the one-time training session provided to the customer to
familiarize them with the software operation upon the customer&#8217;s initial introduction to the software platform. The costs
of providing infrequent software upgrade and training provided to the customer for familiarizing the software operations are immaterial.
As a result, the Company does not allocate transaction price to software upgrade and customer training. Hardware sales are classified
as &#8220;Revenue-Products&#8221; on the Company&#8217;s consolidated statement of operations.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>Software Sales</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Customers in the private sector contract
the Company to design and develop software products specifically customized for their needs for a fixed price. Software development
projects usually include developing software, integrating various isolated software systems into one, and testing the system. The
design and build services, together with the integration of the various elements, are generally determined to be essential to the
functionality of the delivered software. The contracted price is usually paid in installments based on progression of the project
or at the delivery of the software. The Company usually provides non-software services including after-sale support, technical
training. The technical training only occurs at the introduction of the software. The software is highly specialized and stable,
after-sale support and subsequent upgrade or enhancement are infrequent. The Company has estimated the costs associated with the
non-software performance obligations and concludes that these obligations are immaterial to the overall contract. Therefore, the
Company does not further allocate transaction price.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company usually completes the customized
software contracts less than 12 months and recognizes the revenue at the point of delivery because the Company does not have an
enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date. Revenues from software development contracts are classified as
&#8220;Revenue-Software&#8221; on the Company&#8217;s consolidated statement of operations.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>System Integration Services</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">System integration revenues are generated
from fixed-price contracts which combine both customized software development and integration, and non-customized hardware. System
integration projects usually include the purchase of hardware, software development, and integration of various systems into one,
and test of the system. Customers are billed in accordance with contract terms, which typically require a partial payment at the
signing of the contract, partial payment upon delivery and customer acceptance, with the remainder due within a stated period of
time not exceeding 12 months.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">As a result of the Company&#8217;s business
transformation from a traditional IT business solution provider to a provider of integrated Cloud-Application-Terminal based products
and services, system integration services have been phased out. Collection of residual contract transaction prices from the previously
completed performance obligations only accounted for about 2% of the Company&#8217;s 2017 consolidated revenue. System integration
services generated no revenue for the first six months of 2018, and will further diminish in 2018 and beyond. Therefore, system
integration services will have immaterial impact, if not at all, to the Company&#8217;s revenue recognition upon adoption of ASA
606.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Other revenue comprises revenue generates
from other hardware maintenance services, and miscellaneous income. Revenue recognition and performance obligations are satisfied
upon competition of the services. No contract costs associate with elements of other revenue.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>Contract balances</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">We record advances from customers when
cash payments are received or due in advance of our performance. For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company recognized
revenue of $736,000 and $1,379,000, respectively, that was included in the advances from customers balance at the beginning of
each reporting period.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>Practical expedients and exemptions</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">We generally expense sales commissions
if any incurred because the amortization period would have been one year or less. In many cases, the Company is approached by customers
for customizing software products for their specific needs without incurring significant selling expenses.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied
performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>(p) Treasury Stock</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company repurchases its ordinary
shares from time to time in the open market and holds such shares as treasury stock. The Company applies the &#8220;cost method&#8221;
and presents the cost to repurchase such shares as a reduction in equity.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>(q) Stock-based compensation</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company applies ASC No. 718, &#8220;Compensation-Stock
Compensation&#8221;, which requires that share-based payment transactions with employees, such as share options, be measured based
on the grant date fair value of the equity instrument and recognized as compensation expense over the requisite service period,
with a corresponding addition to equity. Under this method, compensation cost related to employee share options or similar equity
instruments is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized over the period during which an
employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award, which generally is the vesting period.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company applies ASC 505-50, &#8220;Equity-Based
Payments to Nonemployee&#8221;, which requires that share-based payment transactions with nonemployees, such as share options,
be measured at the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, whichever can be
more reliably measured. The fair value of the equity instrument is recognized as compensation expense over the requisite service
period, with a corresponding addition to equity. Under this method, compensation cost related to nonemployee share options or similar
equity instruments is measured at the measurement date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized over the period specified
in the service agreement or the performance conditions being achieved in the same manner as of the Company had paid cash for the
services.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">During the six months ended June 30,
2018 and 2017, the Company recognized approximately $312,000 and $247,000, respectively, of compensation expense. See Note 16(c).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>(r) Foreign Currency Translation</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The functional currency of the US and
BVI companies is the United States dollar. The functional currency of the Company&#8217;s Hong Kong subsidiaries is the Hong Kong
dollar.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The functional currency of the Company&#8217;s
wholly-owned PRC subsidiaries and its VIE is the Chinese Renminbi Yuan, (&#8220;RMB&#8221;). RMB is not freely convertible into
foreign currencies. The Company&#8217;s PRC subsidiaries&#8217; and their VIE&#8217;s financial statements are maintained in the
functional currency. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated
into the functional currency at rates of exchange prevailing at the balance sheet date. Transactions denominated in currencies
other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of
the transactions. Exchange gains or losses arising from foreign currency transactions are included in the determination of net
loss for the respective periods.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">For financial reporting purposes, the
financial statements of the Company have been translated into United States dollars. Assets and liabilities are translated at exchange
rates at the balance sheet dates, revenue and expenses are translated at average exchange rates, and equity is translated at historical
exchange rates. Any resulting translation adjustments are not included in determining net income but are included in other comprehensive
loss, a component of equity.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">The exchange rates adopted are as follows:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">No representation is made that the RMB
amounts could have been, or could be, converted into United States dollars at the rates used in translation.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(s) Research &#38; Development Expenses</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company follows the guidance in
FASB ASC 985-20, Cost of Software to Be Sold, Leased or Marketed, regarding software development costs to be sold, leased, or otherwise
marketed.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">FASB ASC 985-20-25 requires research
and development costs for software development to be expensed as incurred until the software model is technologically feasible.
Technological feasibility is established when the enterprise has completed all planning, designing, coding, testing, and identification
of risks activities necessary to establish that the product can be produced to meet its design specifications, features, functions,
technical performance requirements. A certain amount of judgment and estimation is required to assess when technological feasibility
is established, as well as the ongoing assessment of the recoverability of capitalized costs. The Company&#8217;s products reach
technological feasibility shortly before the products are released and sold to the public. Therefore research and development costs
are generally expensed as incurred.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(t) Subsidy Income</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Subsidy income mainly represents income
received from various local governmental agencies in China for developing high technology products in the fields designated by
the government as new and highly innovative. We have no continuing obligation under the subsidy provision.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(u) Sales, use, other value-added taxes,
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Revenue is recorded net of applicable
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Income taxes are provided on an asset
and liability approach for financial accounting and reporting of income taxes. Deferred income taxes are recognized for all significant
temporary differences at enacted rates and classified as non-current in the financial statements. A valuation allowance is provided
to reduce the amount of deferred tax assets if it is considered more likely than not that some portion, or all of, the deferred
tax assets will not be realized. The Company classifies interest and/or penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits, if any,
as a component of income tax expense.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company applies the provisions of
ASC No. 740 &#8220;Income Taxes&#8221; (&#8220;ASC 740&#8221;), which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes
recognized by prescribing a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement
of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC 740 also provides accounting guidance on de-recognition, classification,
interest and penalties, and disclosure.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(v) Discontinued Operations</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In accordance with &#8220;ASU 2014-08,
Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205) and Property, Plant and Equipment (Topic 360): Reporting Discontinued Operations
and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity&#8221;, a discontinued operation must represent a strategic shift that
has or will have a major effect on an entity&#8217;s operations and financial results. Examples could include a disposal of a major
line of business, a major geographical area, a major equity method investment, or other major parts of an entity. The revised standard
also allows an entity to have certain continuing cash flows or involvement with the component after the disposal. Additionally,
the standard requires expanded disclosures about discontinued operations that will provide financial statement users with more
information about the assets, liabilities, income, and expenses of discontinued operations.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(w) Segment reporting</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Segment information is consistent with
how management reviews the businesses, makes investing and resource allocation decisions and assesses operating performance. Transfers
and sales between reportable segments, if any, are recorded at cost.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company reports financial and operating
information in the following two segments:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">(y) Recent Accounting Pronouncements</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU
2016-02, &#8220;ASC 842-10-65-1, Leases (Topic 842)&#8221;. The guidance requires, with the exception of short-term leases, a lease
liability, which is a lessee&#8217;s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and
a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee&#8217;s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset
for the lease term. Under the new guidance, lessor accounting is largely unchanged. Certain targeted improvements were made to
align, where necessary, lessor accounting with the lessee accounting model and Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.
The guidance requires prospective application for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and early adoption is permitted.
Lessees (for capital and operating leases) and lessors (for sales-type, direct financing, and operating leases) must apply a modified
retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period
presented in the financial statements. The modified retrospective approach would not require any transition accounting for leases
that expired before the earliest comparative period presented. Lessees and lessors may not apply a full retrospective transition
approach. The Company expects to adopt the standard January 2019. Adoption of ASU 2016-2 is not expected to have material impact
on the consolidated financial statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In January 2017, the FASB issued 2017-04,
&#8220;ASC 350-20-65-3, Intangibles &#8211; Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment.&#8221;
The new guidance eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. The annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test is performed
by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An impairment charge should be recognized for the amount
by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit&#8217;s fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the
total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. In addition, income tax effects from any tax deductible goodwill on
the carrying amount of the reporting unit should be considered when measuring the goodwill impairment loss, if applicable. The
new guidance also eliminates the requirements for any reporting unit with a zero or negative carrying amount to perform a qualitative
assessment and, if it fails that qualitative test, to perform Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test. An entity still has the option
to perform the qualitative assessment for a reporting unit to determine if the quantitative impairment test is necessary. The new
update is effective for annual or any interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early
adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. ASU 2017-04
should be adopted on a prospective basis. Adoption of ASU 2017-04 is not expected to have material impact to the Company&#8217;s
consolidated financial statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-11,&#8220;Earnings
Per Share (Topic 260); Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480); Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): (Part I) Accounting
for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features, (Part II) Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral for Mandatorily Redeemable
Financial Instruments of Certain Nonpublic Entities and Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Non-controlling Interests with a Scope Exception.&#8221;
&#8220;These amendments simplify the accounting for certain financial instruments with down round features. The amendments require
companies to disregard the down round feature when assessing whether the instrument is indexed to its own stock, for purposes of
determining liability or equity classification. Companies that provide earnings per share (EPS) data will adjust their basic EPS
calculation for the effect of the feature when triggered (i.e., when the exercise price of the related equity-linked financial
instrument is adjusted downward because of the down round feature) and will also recognize the effect of the trigger within equity.
The amendments also address navigational concerns within the FASB Accounting Standards Codification&#174; related to an indefinite
deferral available to private companies with mandatorily redeemable financial instruments and certain non-controlling interests,
one that created significant &#8220;pending content&#8221; in the Codification. The FASB decided to reclassify the indefinite deferral
as a scope exception, which does not have an accounting effect. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December
15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Adoption of ASU 2017-11 will not have material effect to the Company&#8217;s
consolidated financial statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU
2018-2,&#8221; Income Statement&#8212;Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income&#8221;. &#8220;These amendments provide financial statement preparers with an option to
reclassify stranded tax effects within AOCI to retained earnings in each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal
corporate income tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (or portion thereof) is recorded. The ASU requires financial statement preparers
to disclose: -A description of the accounting policy for releasing income tax effects from AOCI; -Whether they elect to reclassify
the stranded income tax effects from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act; and -Information about the other income tax effects that are reclassified.
The amendments affect any organization that is required to apply the provisions of Topic 220, Income Statement&#8212;Reporting
Comprehensive Income, and has items of other comprehensive income for which the related tax effects are presented in other comprehensive
income as required by GAAP.&#8221; Effective for all organizations for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim
periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. Organizations should apply the proposed amendments either in the
period of adoption or retrospectively to each period (or periods) in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate
income tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act is recognized. Adoption of ASU 2018-2 is not expected to have material impact on the
consolidated financial statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-9,
&#8220;Codification Improvements&#8221;. These amendments represent changes to clarify, correct errors in, or make minor improvements
to the Codification, eliminating inconsistencies and providing clarifications in current guidance. The amendments in this ASU include
those made to: Subtopic 220-10, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Overall; Subtopic 718-740, Compensation-Stock Compensation-Income
Taxes; Subtopic 805-740, Business Combinations-Income Taxes; Subtopic 820-10, Fair Value Measurement-Overall; and others. &#8220;The
transition and effective date guidance is based on the facts and circumstances of each amendment. Some of the amendments do not
require transition guidance and will be effective upon issuance. However, many of the amendments do have transition guidance with
effective dates for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, for public business entities. There are some conforming amendments
that have been made to recently issued guidance that is not yet effective that may require application of the transition and effective
date guidance in the original ASU.&#8221; Adoption of ASU 2018-9 is not expected to have material impact on the consolidated financial
statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU
2018-13,&#8221; Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework&#8212;Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair
Value Measurement.&#8221; &#8220;These amendments modify the disclosure requirements in Topic 820 as follows: Removals -The amount
of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy; -The policy for timing of transfers between
levels; -The valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements; and -For nonpublic entities, the changes in unrealized gains
and losses for the period included in earnings for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period.
Modifications -In lieu of a rollforward for Level 3 fair value measurements, a nonpublic entity is required to disclose transfers
into and out of Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy and purchases and issues of Level 3 assets and liabilities; -For investments
in certain entities that calculate net asset value, an entity is required to disclose the timing of liquidation of an investee&#8217;s
assets and the date when restrictions from redemption might lapse only if the investee has communicated the timing to the entity
or announced the timing publicly; and -The amendments clarify that the measurement uncertainty disclosure is to communicate information
about the uncertainty in measurement as of the reporting date. Additions -The changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period
included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period; and
- The range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. For certain
unobservable inputs, an entity may disclose other quantitative information (such as the median or arithmetic average) in lieu of
the weighted average if the entity determines that other quantitative information would be a more reasonable and rational method
to reflect the distribution of unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements.&#8221; &#8220;For all entities,
amendments are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The
amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to
develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively
for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should
be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. Early adoption is permitted. An entity is permitted
to early adopt any removed or modified disclosures upon issuance of ASU No. 2018-13 and delay adoption of the additional disclosures
until their effective date.&#8221; Adoption of ASU 2018-13 is not expected to have material impact on the consolidated financial
statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU
2018-15, &#8220;Intangibles&#8212;Goodwill and Other&#8212;Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer&#8217;s Accounting
for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract.&#8221; These amendments align the
requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements
for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include
an internal use software license). The accounting for the service element of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract is
not affected by these amendments. &#8220;For public business entities, the amendments are effective for annual periods, including
interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2019. For all other entities, the amendments are effective
for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods in annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021.
Early adoption is permitted.&#8221; Adoption of ASU 2018-13 is not expected to have material impact on the consolidated financial
statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company has considered all other
recently issued accounting pronouncements and does not believe that such pronouncements will apply to the consolidated financial
statements.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Variable Interest Entity<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><b>3. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITY</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company is the primary beneficiary
of iASPEC, pursuant to the Amended and Restated MSA. iASPEC is qualified as a variable interest entity of the Company and is subject
to consolidation. Accordingly, the assets and liabilities and revenues and expenses of iASPEC have been included in the accompanying
consolidated financial statements. In the opinion of management, (i) the ownership structure of the Company, and the VIEs are in
compliance with existing PRC laws and regulations; (ii) the contractual arrangements with the VIEs and its shareholder are valid
and binding, and do not result in any violation of PRC laws or regulations currently in effect; and (iii) the Company&#8217;s business
operations are in compliance with existing PRC laws and regulations in all material respects.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">However, there are substantial uncertainties
regarding the interpretation and application of current and future PRC laws and regulations. China&#8217;s legal system is a civil
law system based on written statutes and unlike common law systems. It is a system in which decided legal cases have little value
as precedent. As a result, China&#8217;s administrative and judicial authorities have significant discretion in interpreting and
implementing statutory and contractual terms. Thus, it may be more difficult to evaluate the outcome of administrative and judicial
proceedings and the level of legal protection available than in more developed legal systems. Accordingly, the Company cannot be
assured that PRC regulatory authorities will not ultimately take a contrary view to its opinion with respect to the contractual
arrangements with its VIEs. Because all of these contractual arrangements are governed by the PRC laws and provide for the resolution
of disputes through arbitration in the PRC, these contracts would be interpreted in accordance with the PRC laws and any dispute
would be resolved in accordance with the PRC legal procedures. If the VIEs or their respective shareholders fail to perform their
respective obligations under the contractual arrangements, of which they are a party, the Company may have to incur substantial
costs and resources to enforce its rights under the contracts and rely on legal remedies under the PRC laws, which may not be sufficient
or effective. Under the PRC laws, rulings by arbitrators are final; parties cannot appeal the arbitration results in courts; and
the prevailing parties may only enforce the arbitration awards in the PRC courts through arbitration award recognition proceedings,
which would cause the Company to incur additional expenses and delays. As a result, uncertainties in the PRC legal system could
limit the Company&#8217;s ability to enforce these contractual arrangements. In the event the Company is unable to enforce these
contractual arrangements, it may not be able to exert effective control over the VIEs, and its ability to conduct its business
may be negatively affected.</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In addition, if the PRC government determines
that the Company is not in compliance with applicable laws, it may revoke the Company&#8217;s business and operating licenses,
and require the Company to discontinue or restrict its operations, deconsolidate the Company&#8217;s interests in the VIEs, restrict
its right to collect revenues. The PRC government may require the Company to restructure its operations, impose additional conditions,
of which the Company may not be able to comply, impose restrictions on the Company&#8217;s business operations or on its customers,
or take other regulatory or enforcement actions against the Company that could be harmful to its business. The Company believes
that the contractual arrangements with its VIEs are in compliance with current PRC laws and are legally enforceable. In the opinion
of management, the likelihood of loss in respect to the Company&#8217;s current ownership structure or the contractual arrangements
with VIEs is remote based on current facts and circumstances.</p>

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expansion and provide financing for iASPEC to complete the acquisition of Geo, the Company advanced RMB38.0 million (approximately
$5.4 million) to iASPEC in two installments in 2007 and 2008 for increase of iASPEC&#8217;s registered capital. In order to comply
with PRC laws and regulations, the advance was made to Mr. Lin, iASPEC&#8217;s then majority shareholder, who, then upon the authority
and direction of the Board of Directors, forwarded the funds to iASPEC. The Company has recorded the advance of these funds as
an interest-free loan to iASPEC, which was eliminated against additional capital of iASPEC in the Company&#8217;s consolidated
financial statements. The increase in iASPEC&#8217;s registered capital does not affect IST&#8217;s exclusive option to purchase
iASPEC&#8217;s assets and shares under the MSA.</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Government licenses, permits and certificates
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>June 30,</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>December 31,</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2018</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2017</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12,989,673</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property, plant and equipment</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,084,455</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,283,672</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total assets</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">24,629,085</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">22,248,087</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Intercompany payable to the WFOE</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">13,809,458</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">13,851,481</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total current liabilities</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">27,504,894</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">28,571,686</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total liabilities</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">27,504,894</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">28,571,686</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total equity</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(6,323,599</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td></tr>
</table>


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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for a variable interest entity (VIE), including but not limited to, judgments and assumptions in determining whether to consolidate and in identifying the primary beneficiary, gain (loss) recognized on the initial consolidation of the VIE, terms of arrangements, amounts and classification of the VIE's assets and liabilities, and the entity's maximum exposure to loss.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2197479<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6800417760">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Disposal of Consolidated Entities<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><b>4. DISPOSALS OF CONDOLIDATED ENTITIES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">On March 31, 2016, the Company disposed
of Information Security Software Investment Limited (&#8220;ISSI&#8221;), a wholly-owned subsidiary, to an unrelated third party.
On August 1, 2016, the Company also disposed of Dongguan Information Security Technology (China) Co., Ltd. (&#8220;IST DG&#8221;)
to an unrelated third party. Both IST DG and ISSI were holding companies. The Company divested these two subsidiaries as being
determined that they were no longer necessities for the organization. There was no consideration exchanged for the disposals that
resulted in a total loss of approximately $0.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2016. In accordance with ASC 810-10-40,
Deconsolidation of a Subsidiary, the Company derecognized the net assets associated with ISSI and IST DG on March 31, 2016 and
on August 1, 2016, respectively, when the Company ceased to have controlling financial interest in these entities.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">After various re-organizations by the
Company, HPC was no longer affiliating, serving, or controlling any of the Company&#8217;s subsidiaries, and dissolved on December
22, 2017. The dissolution of HPC did not result in any gain or loss for the year ended December 31, 2017.&#160;</p><span></span>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6811318064">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Earnings (Loss) Per Share<br></strong></div></th>
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the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur, if securities or other contracts
to issue ordinary shares were exercised or converted into ordinary shares, or resulted in the issuance of ordinary shares that
shared in the earnings of the entity.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">41,712,684</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.05</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.00</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Diluted</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.05</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.00</font></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Warrants for the purchase of 525,621
shares were not included in the calculations for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 as their effect would have been anti-dilutive.
The incremental shares were added to denominator for the period that stock options were outstanding due to the average market
price of the Company&#8217;s stock in the period exceeded the exercise prices of the stock options granted to the Company&#8217;s
employees and various consultants. The incremental shares were computed under the treasury stock method. Because the effect would
be anti-dilutive, there were 2,973,000 stock options outstanding that were not included in the computation of dilutive weighted-average
shares outstanding for the six months ended June 30,2017.</p><span></span>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6650580752">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Related Party Transactions<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsAbstract', window );"><strong>Related Party Transactions [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Related Party Transactions</a></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>6. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS</b></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">(a) Revenue &#8211; related party</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">From May 2017, the Company entered into
a series of contracts with Shenzhen Taoping New Media Co., Ltd. (Shenzhen Taoping) and its affiliates for the sale of the Company&#8217;s
Cloud-Application-Terminal based digital ads display terminals, software and technical services. Shenzhen Taoping is a company
controlled by Mr. Lin. For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, revenues from related party for sales of products were
approximately $6.8 million and $1.0 million, respectively.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">(b) Rental income &#8211; related party</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">On July 1, 2017, the Company entered
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Floor, Education and Technology Building, Zhuzilin, Futian District, Shenzhen City for a period of 12 months. Shenzhen Taoping
is a company controlled by Mr. Lin. For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company&#8217;s rental income from related
party was approximately $32,000 and -0-, respectively.</p><span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for related party transactions. Examples of related party transactions include transactions between (a) a parent company and its subsidiary; (b) subsidiaries of a common parent; (c) and entity and its principal owners; and (d) affiliates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2122745<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6800438720">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Inventories<br></strong></div></th>
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>7. INVENTORIES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, inventories consist
of:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2018</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2017</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(Unaudited)</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">74,208</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">74,736</font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">162,649</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>$</b></font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>851,392</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>$</b></font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>858,778</b></font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(254,609</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(227,168</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>$</b></font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>596,783</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>$</b></font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>631,610</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">For the first six months ended June
30, 2018 and 2017, impairments for obsolete inventories were approximately $33,000 and $165,000, respectively. Impairment charges
on inventories are included with general and administrative expenses.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for inventory. Includes, but is not limited to, the basis of stating inventory, the method of determining inventory cost, the classes of inventory, and the nature of the cost elements included in inventory.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2126998<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6800309776">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Property Plant and Equipment<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th></tr>
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<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>8. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, property, plant
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>December 31,</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2018</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2017</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(Unaudited)</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">11,328,333</font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(16,101,688</font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>11,291,285</b></font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">11,830,698</font></td>
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</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Depreciation expenses for the six months
ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 were approximately $1.5 million and $0.9 million, respectively.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Management regularly evaluates property,
plant and equipment for impairment, if an event occurs or circumstances change that would potentially indicate that the carrying
amount of the property, plant and equipment exceeded its fair value. Management utilizes the discounted cash flow method to estimate
the fair value of the property, plant and equipment.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Based on the test of recoverability
and the estimated fair value, management determined no impairment for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for long-lived, physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. Includes, but is not limited to, accounting policies and methodology, roll forwards, depreciation, depletion and amortization expense, including composite depreciation, accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization expense, useful lives and method used, income statement disclosures, assets held for sale and public utility disclosures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2155823<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6807952016">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Intangible Assets<br></strong></div></th>
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Based on the impairment test performed,
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6811323920">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Bank Loans<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Debt Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Bank Loans</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>10. BANK LOANS</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">(a) Short-term bank loans</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2018</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2017</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 14%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,280,369</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 14%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,817,610</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>$</b></font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,817,610</font></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">(1) Detailed information of secured short-term loan balances
as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were as follows:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2018</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2017</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Guaranteed by High-tech Investment Company(i) and Mr. Lin</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,057,315</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,536,480</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Guaranteed by IST and guaranteed by Mr. Lin and guaranteed by Biznest and collateralized by IST</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,531,350</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,609,440</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Guaranteed by IST and guaranteed by iASPEC and Collateralized by ISIOT and Secured by ISTIL</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,691,704</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,671,690</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>$</b></font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>7,280,369</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>$</b></font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>7,817,610</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">(i) High-tech Investment Company is an unrelated third party.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">As of June 30, 2018, the Company had
short-term bank loans of approximately $7.3 million, which mature on various dates from July 7, 2018 to May 16, 2019. The short-term
bank loans can be extended for another year by the banks without additional charges to the Company upon maturity. The bank borrowings
are in the form of credit facilities. Amounts available to the Company from the banks are based on the amount of collateral pledged
or the amount guaranteed by the Company&#8217;s subsidiaries. These borrowings bear interest rates ranging from 5.66% to 6.74%
per annum. The weighted average interest rates on short term debt were approximately 6.51% and 5.97% for the six months ended
June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. The interest expenses were approximately $0.2 million each, for the six months ended June
30, 2018 and 2017.</p><span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2208564<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6798195536">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Taxes<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Income Taxes</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>11. INCOME TAXES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Pre-tax income (loss) from continuing
operations for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 were taxable in the following jurisdictions:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Six Months</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Six Months</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Ended</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Ended</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>June 30,2018</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>June 30,2017</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(Unaudited)</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(Unaudited)</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">PRC</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,739,641</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(600,524</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Others</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(853,113</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(430,543</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total income (loss) before income taxes</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>$</b></font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>886,528</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>$</b></font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(1,031,067</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>)</b></font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>United States</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Because of the domestication transaction
in 2012 by which TAOP became the parent of our group, under Section 7874 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, the
Company is treated for U.S. federal tax purposes as a U.S. corporation and, among other consequences, is subject to U.S. federal
income tax on its worldwide income.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government
enacted comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the &#8220;Act&#8221;). The Act makes
broad and complex changes to the U.S. tax code, including, but not limited to, (1) reducing the U.S. federal corporate tax rate
from 35 percent to 21 percent; (2) requiring companies to pay a one-time transition tax on certain unrepatriated earnings of foreign
subsidiaries; (3) generally eliminating U.S. federal income taxes on dividends from foreign subsidiaries; (4) requiring a tax on
Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (&#8220;GILTI&#8221;) which is a current inclusion in U.S. federal taxable income of certain
earnings of controlled foreign corporations; (5) eliminating the corporate alternative minimum tax (&#8220;AMT&#8221;) and changing
how existing AMT credits can be realized; (6) creating the base erosion anti-abuse tax (&#8220;BEAT&#8221;), a new minimum tax;
(7) creating a new limitation on deductible interest expense; and (8) changing rules related to uses and limitations of net operating
loss carryforwards created in tax years beginning after December 31, 2017.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The SEC staff issued Staff Accounting
Bulletin 118, which provides guidance on accounting for the tax effects of the Act for which the accounting under ASC 740, Income
Taxes (&#8220;ASC 740&#8221;) is incomplete. To the extent that a company&#8217;s accounting for certain income tax effects of
the Act is incomplete but it is able to determine a reasonable estimate, it must record a provisional estimate in the financial
statements. If a company cannot determine a provisional estimate to be included in the financial statements, it should continue
to apply ASC 740 on the basis of the provisions of the tax laws that were in effect immediately before enactment of the Act.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">As of June 30, 2018, the Company has
not completed its accounting for the tax effects of the enactment of the Act. Final accounting for these effects is expected in
the fourth quarter of 2018 subsequent to the Company&#8217;s completion of the 2017 tax return. The Company operates primarily
in PRC. To complete the accounting associated with the Act, the Company will continue to review the technical tax interpretations
associated with the underlying law, monitor state legislative changes, and review U.S. federal and state guidance as it is issued.
Further the Company will continue to accumulate and refine the relevant data and computational elements needed to finalize its
accounting within the measurement period.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>BVI</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Under the current laws of the BVI, dividends
and capital gains arising from the Company&#8217;s investments in the BVI and ordinary income, if any, are not subject to income
taxes.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>Hong Kong</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Under the current laws of Hong Kong,
ISSI, IST HK and HPC are subject to a profit tax rate of 16.5% .</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>PRC</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Income tax (benefit) expense from continuing
operations consists of the following:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Six Months</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Six Months</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Ended</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Ended</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>June 30,2018</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>June 30,2017</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(Unaudited)</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(Unaudited)</b></font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="width: 62%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Current taxes</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 16%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,286,388</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 16%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,045,500</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income tax benefit</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,286,388</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,045,500</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Current income tax benefit was recorded in 2018 and 2017
and was related to differences between the book and corporate income tax returns.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Six Months</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Six Months</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Ended</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Ended</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>June 30,2018</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>June 30,2017</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(Unaudited)</b></font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="width: 62%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">PRC statutory tax rate</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 16%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">25</font></td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 16%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">25</font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(257,767</font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(248,536</font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">26,817</font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,447,813</font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(930,476</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Tax effect of deductible temporary differences not recognized</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company has net operating loss carry
forwards totaling RMB 57.7 million ($9.1 million) as of June 30, 2018, substantially all of which were from PRC subsidiaries and
will expire on various dates through December 31, 2022. Valuation allowance for deferred tax asset was fully provided.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">IST and Topcloud are all governed by
the Income Tax Laws of the PRC. These companies are approved as being high-technology enterprises and subject to PRC enterprise
income tax rate (&#8220;EIT&#8221;) at 15%, while Biznest is subject to a 12.5% of EIT.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company recognizes that virtually
all tax positions in the PRC are not free of some degree of uncertainty due to tax law and policy changes by the State. However,
the Company cannot reasonably quantify political risk factors and thus must depend on guidance issued by current State officials.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Based on all known facts, circumstances,
and current tax law, the Company has recorded $-0- and $-0- of unrecognized tax benefits as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017,
respectively. The Company believes that there are no tax positions for which it is reasonably possible, based on current Chinese
tax laws and policies, that the unrecognized tax benefits will significantly increase or decrease over the next 12 months, individually
or in the aggregate, and have a material effect on the Company&#8217;s results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company&#8217;s policy is to recognize
interest and penalties accrued on any unrecognized tax benefits as a component of income tax expense. Any accrued interest or penalties
associated with any unrecognized tax benefits were not significant for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Since the Company intends to reinvest
its earnings to further expand its businesses in the PRC, the PRC subsidiaries do not intend to declare dividends to their parent
companies in the foreseeable future. The Company&#8217;s foreign subsidiaries are in a cumulative deficit position. Accordingly,
the Company has not recorded any deferred taxes on the cumulative amount of any undistributed deficit earnings. It is impractical
to calculate the tax effect of the deficit at this time.</p>



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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6607567440">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other Current and Non-Current Assets<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>12. OTHER CURRENT AND NON-CURRENT ASSETS</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">(a) As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, other current
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<tr>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredCostsCapitalizedPrepaidAndOtherAssetsDisclosureAbstract</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for other current assets.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6798118336">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Warrant Liability<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsAndHedgingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsAndHedgingActivitiesDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Warrant Liability</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>13. WARRANT LIABILITY</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In May 2015, the Company closed an equity
offering and issued 2,102,484 ordinary shares to certain institutional investors at a price of $6.44 per share. At the same time,
the Company also issued Series A and Series B warrants to purchase an aggregate of 1,576,863 ordinary shares to the same investors
under the equity offering.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The following table outlines the number
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Number of</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Number of</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Outstanding</b></font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Outstanding</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Price</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Date</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="width: 32%; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Series A</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;-</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 18%; border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">525,621</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">05/27/2018 </font></td>
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    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><u>Series A warrants</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Series A warrants were issued to purchase
an aggregate of 525,621 ordinary shares at an exercise price of $7.73 per share. The Series A warrants have a term of three years
and are exercisable by the holders at any time after the date of issuance before the expiration date. A holder of the Series A
warrants has the right to exercise warrants on a cashless basis, if a registration statement or prospectus is not available for
the issuance of the ordinary shares upon exercise of the warrants. The Series A warrants are classified as liability with fair
value of $0 at December 31, 2017. And Series A warrants remained outstanding as of December 31, 2017 and expired without exercise
as of June 30, 2018.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company recognizes the warrants
liability at their respective fair values at inception and on each reporting date. The Company utilized a binomial option pricing
model (&#8220;BOPM&#8221;) and a Monte-Carlo simulation to develop its assumptions for determining the fair value of the warrants
A and B, respectively. Changes in the fair value of the derivative warrant liabilities and key assumptions at the issue date and
each reporting date are as follows:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Warrants</b></font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Total</b></font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance at January 1, 2017</font></td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,719</font></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(3,719</font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsAndHedgingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for derivative instruments and hedging activities including, but not limited to, risk management strategies, non-hedging derivative instruments, assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses, and methodologies and assumptions used in determining the amounts.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2229140<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6798069840">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other Payables and Accrued Expenses<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Other Payables and Accrued Expenses</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>14. OTHER PAYABLES AND ACCRUED EXPENSES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<tr>
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<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for other liabilities.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6800380880">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Reserve and Distribution of Profit<br></strong></div></th>
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>15. RESERVE AND DISTRIBUTION OF PROFIT</b></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In accordance with relevant PRC regulations
and the Articles of Association of our PRC subsidiaries, our PRC subsidiaries are required to allocate at least 10% of their annual
after-tax profits determined in accordance with PRC statutory financial statements to a statutory general reserve fund until the
amounts in said fund reaches 50% of their registered capital. As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, the balance of general
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Our after-tax profits or losses with
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pursuant to the PRC accounting standards and regulations do not result in significant differences as compared to after-tax earnings
as presented in our consolidated financial statements. However, there are certain differences between the PRC accounting standards
and regulations and the U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, arising from different treatment of items such as amortization
of intangible assets and change in fair value of contingent consideration arising from business combinations.</p>



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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of how the entity's reporting under GAAP as of the balance sheet date differs from the results based on prescribed and permitted accounting practices of the state or country of domicile in which a relevant statutory filing is made, or differences in results based on the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) prescribed practices, or a combination thereof. Describes the accounting practices used and the related monetary effect on statutory surplus, net income, and risk-based capital. If an insurance enterprise's risk-based capital would have triggered a regulatory event had it not used a permitted practice, that fact is disclosed in the financial statements. Permitted statutory accounting practices include practices not prescribed but allowed by the domiciliary state insurance department regulatory authority.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6807981072">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity<br></strong></div></th>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Equity</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>16. EQUITY</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(a) Ordinary shares</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company is authorized to issue 100,000,000
ordinary shares.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">On September 19, 2017, at the Company&#8217;s
2017 Annual Meeting of Members, the shareholders of the Company approved an amendment to the Company&#8217;s Memorandum and Articles
of Association to remove the par value of the Company&#8217;s ordinary shares. On October 12, 2017, the Company filed an amended
and restated Memorandum and Articles of Association (the &#8220;Amended and Restated M&#38;A&#8221;) with the Registrar of Corporate
Affairs in the British Virgin Islands to remove par value per share of the Company&#8217;s ordinary shares. As a result, additional-paid-in
capital resulted from cash received in excess of par value for the Company&#8217;s issuance of ordinary shares was reclassified
to ordinary shares at December 31, 2017, in an aggregate of approximately $123.5 million.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In January 2018, an aggregate of 529,004
ordinary shares were issued as a result of exercise of stock options granted to employees and consultants. Refer to (d) and (e)
below.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(b) Repurchase of common shares</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">On October 4, 2013, the Company announced
a $9.0 million share repurchase program. Repurchases may be made in open-market transactions or through privately negotiated transactions.
The timing and extent of any repurchase will depend upon market conditions, the trading price of the Company&#8217;s ordinary shares,
and other factors, and are subject to the restrictions relating to volume, price and timing under the applicable laws, including
but not limited to, Rule 10b-18 promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. The Company&#8217;s Board of
Directors will review the share repurchase program periodically, and may authorize adjustment of its terms and size accordingly.
An aggregate of 1,402,448 shares were repurchased under the program as of December 31, 2015, in an aggregate amount of approximately
$7.1 million. On June 7, 2017 the aggregate of 1,402,448 ordinary shares held in the Company&#8217;s treasury stock was canceled.
As a result, the excess of the cost of those shares over the par value was allocated to additional paid-in capital and retained
earnings in the amount of approximately $7.0 million and $104,000, respectively as of June 30, 2017.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(c) Stock-based compensation</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The following table provides the details
of the approximate total share based payments expense during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>June 30,</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>June 30,</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2018</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2017</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(Unaudited)</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="width: 62%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Employees and directors share-based payments</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 16%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">290,000</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(d)</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(d)</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Stock options issued for services</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">22,000</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(e)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">312,000</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>$</b></font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>247,000</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">On September 11, 2013, the Board of
Directors of the Company adopted the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2013 Plan, pursuant to which, the Company may offer up
to five million ordinary shares as equity incentives to its directors, employees and consultants. Such number of shares is subject
to adjustment in the event of certain reorganizations, mergers, business combinations, recapitalizations, stock splits, stock dividends,
or other change in the corporate structure of the Company affecting the shares issuable under the 2013 Plan. As of December 31,
2015, the Company had issued an aggregate of 4,467,135 shares of restricted stock, to our officers and employees under the 2013
Plan. There was no additional issuance of restricted shares during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2017 and the six months
ended June 30, 2018.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(d) Stock options to employees and directors</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">On May 9, 2016, the Board of Directors
of the Company adopted the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2016 Plan. Pursuant to the 2016 Plan, the Company may offer up to
five million ordinary shares as equity incentives to its directors, employees and consultants. Such number of shares is subject
to adjustment in the event of certain reorganizations, mergers, business combinations, recapitalizations, stock splits, stock dividends,
or other change in the corporate structure of the Company affecting the issuable shares under the 2016 Plan. The Company accounts
for its stock option awards to employees and directors pursuant to the provisions of ASC 718, Compensation &#8211; Stock Compensation.
The fair value of each option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes Merton valuation model. The Company
recognizes the fair value of each option as compensation expense ratably using the straight-line attribution method over the service
period, which is generally the vesting period. On May 27, 2016, the Company granted options to purchase an aggregate of 2,712,000
ordinary shares under the 2016 Plan. The fair value of these options was approximately $1.6 million at the date of the grant, of
which approximately $202,000 and $227,000 was recorded as compensation and included in administrative expenses in the consolidated
statements of operations for the services provided for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively. On May 17, 2017,
the Company granted options to employees and directors to purchase an aggregate of 960,000 ordinary shares under the 2016 Plan.
The fair value of these options was approximately $0.5 million at the date of the grant, of which approximately $88,000 and $20,000
was recorded as compensation and included in administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations for the services
provided in the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, respectively.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The following table summarizes the inputs
and assumptions used to estimate the fair values of the share options granted for the six months ended as follows:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>June 30,</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2017</b></font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="width: 79%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Exercise price</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.99</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Expected term</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3 years </font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Expected volatility</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">80.40</font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Expected dividend yield</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Risk free interest rate</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.59</font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fair Value</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.59</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Stock option activity for the six months ended June 30, 2018
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Weighted Average</b></font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Remaining</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Aggregated</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Options</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Weighted Average</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Contractual Life</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Intrinsic</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Outstanding</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Exercise Price</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(Years)</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Value</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="width: 42%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Outstanding at December 31, 2017</font></td>
    <td style="width: 2%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,918,000</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.14</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3.40</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Exercised</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(802,800</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.21</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Canceled</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">There were no stock options granted
to employees during the six months ended June 30, 2018, and the weighted average grant-date fair value of options granted during
the six months ended June 30, 2017, was $0.59. The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the six months ended
June 30, 2018 was approximately $72,000, and there was no exercise during the six months ended June 30, 2017. The Company did not
receive any proceeds related to the exercise of stock options from employees for the six months ended June 30, 2018.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">As of June 30, 2018, approximately $1.0
million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested share options is expected to be recognized over a weighted
average remaining vesting period of approximately 0.9 years. The total fair value of options vested during the six months ended
June 30, 2018, and 2017 was approximately $0.2 million and $0 million, respectively. To the extent the actual forfeiture rate is
different from what the Company has anticipated, stock-based compensation related to these awards will be different from its expectations.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">(e) Stock options to non-employees</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the Company&#8217;s 2016
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ended December 31, 2017. During the six months ended June 30, 2018, 50,000 options were exercised for issuance of 50,000 shares
in aggregate cash proceeds of $46,500. The fair value of the options issued to consultants was estimated on the measurement date
using the Black-Scholes Merton valuation model. We expensed to administrative expense $96,000 during the year ended December 31,
2017.And we expensed to administrative expense $22,000 during the six months ended June 30, 2018.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">As of June 30, 2018, the weighted average
exercise price was $1.36 and the weighted average remaining life was 2.54 years. The following table outlines the options outstanding
and exercisable as of June 30, 2018:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><b>17. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES </b></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">iASPEC and Bocom lease offices, employee
dormitories, and factory space in Shenzhen , China. Lease agreements expired on various dates through December 2017. Afterwards
only Biznest has a month-to-month based lease agreement without long term commitment. For the first six months ended June 30, 2018
and 2017, the rental expense was approximately $3,000 and $42,000, respectively.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">We may be subject to legal proceedings,
investigations, and claims incidental to conduct of our business from time to time. We are currently subject to legal or arbitration
proceedings with customers pertaining to our performance of the sales contracts. The Company estimates, with 50% of probability,
a possible loss ranging from approximately $ 0 to $300,000, if the proceedings are ruled by arbitration.</p>



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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for commitments and contingencies.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 450<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2127136<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 440<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2144648<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6807941952">
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><b>18. CONCENTRATIONS</b></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">For the six months ended June 30, 2018,
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than 10% of revenue. However, for the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company&#8217;s top five customers accounted
for 29% and 75% of the Company&#8217;s revenues from continuing operations, respectively.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company&#8217;s top five customers
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of accounts receivable. The Company&#8217;s top five customers accounted for 46% of accounts receivable as of December 31, 2017,
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of all significant concentrations of risk, including credit risk and market risk, arising from all financial instruments (as defined), whether from an individual counterparty or groups of counterparties.  The disclosure concerning concentrations of risk may consist of the following information: (1) for concentrations of credit risk disclosure may include: (a) information about the (shared) activity, region, or economic characteristic that identifies the concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss due to credit risk that, based on the gross fair value of the financial instrument, the entity would incur if parties to the financial instruments that make up the concentration failed completely to perform according to the terms of the contracts and the collateral or other security, if any, for the amount due proved to be of no value to the entity, (c) the policy of requiring collateral or other security to support financial instruments subject to credit risk, information about the entity's access to that collateral or other security, and the nature and a brief description of the collateral or other security supporting those financial instruments, and (d) the policy of entering into master netting arrangements to mitigate the credit risk of financial instruments, information about the arrangements for which the entity is a party, and a brief description of the terms of those arrangements, including the extent to which they would reduce the entity's maximum amount of loss due to credit risk and (2) for disclosure of quantitative information about the market risks of financial instruments that is consistent with the way the company manages or adjusts those risks, disclosure may include: (a) more details about current positions and perhaps activity during the period, (b) the hypothetical effects on comprehensive income (or net assets), or annual income, of several possible changes in market prices, (c) a gap analysis of interest rate re-pricing or maturity dates, (d) the duration of the financial instruments, (e) the entity's value at risk from derivatives and from other positions at the end of the reporting period and the average value at risk during the year, or (f) other ways of reporting quantitative information as internally developed.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109250915&amp;loc=d3e13572-108611<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109250915&amp;loc=d3e13531-108611<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 23<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109250915&amp;loc=d3e13587-108611<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 21<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109250915&amp;loc=d3e13537-108611<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6798290384">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Subsequent Events<br></strong></div></th>
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><b>19. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS</b></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">On September 7, 2018, the Company entered
into a securities purchase agreement with certain investors, pursuant to which the investors agreed to purchase an aggregate of
2,000,000 ordinary shares of the Company at a price of $1.50 per share for an aggregate of $3 million. Mr. Jianghuai Lin, the
Company&#8217;s Chairman and CEO, is one of the investors and agreed to purchase 500,000 shares in this transaction. The private
placement may be consummated in multiple closings, occurring no later than December 31, 2018. The consummation of the private
placement is subject to the satisfaction of certain customary closing conditions. 1,000,000 ordinary shares were issued in November
2018.</p><span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 855<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&amp;trid=2122774<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6816975968">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract', window );"><strong>Accounting Policies [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock', window );">Basis of Presentation and Principles of Consolidation</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>(a) Basis of Presentation and Principles
of Consolidation</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The consolidated financial statements
as of June 30, 2018 and for the six month periods ended June 30, 2018 and 2017 are unaudited. The accompanying unaudited consolidated
financial statements have been prepared by the Company in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United
States of America (&#8220;U.S. GAAP&#8221;) for interim financial reporting. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting
of normal recurring adjustments) have been made that are necessary to present fairly the financial position, the results of its
operations and cash flows. Operating results as presented are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for a full
year. These financial statements and related notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes thereto
included in the Company&#8217;s Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2017 filed on March 30, 2018 with the Securities and
Exchange Commission.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The consolidated financial statements
include the accounts of the Company, its subsidiaries, and its VIE for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. All significant
intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UseOfEstimates', window );">Use of Estimates</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>(b) Use of Estimates</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The preparation of the consolidated
financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at
the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The Company&#8217;s
significant estimates include its accounts receivable, warrants liability, fair value of stock options, valuation allowance of
deferred tax assets, and other intangible assets. Management makes these estimates using the best information available at the
time the estimates are made; however actual results could differ from those estimates.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_EconomicAndPoliticalRisksPolicyTextBlock', window );">Economic and Political Risks</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>(c) Economic and Political Risks</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">All the Company&#8217;s revenue-generating
operations are conducted in the PRC. Accordingly, the Company&#8217;s business, financial condition and results of operations may
be influenced by the political, economic and legal environments in the PRC, and by the general state of the PRC economy. The Company&#8217;s
operations in the PRC are subject to special considerations and significant risks not typically associated with companies in North
America and Western Europe. These include risks associated with, among others, the political, economic and legal environments and
foreign currency exchange. The Company&#8217;s financial results may be adversely affected by changes in the political and social
conditions in the PRC, and by changes in governmental policies with respect to laws and regulations, anti-inflationary measures,
currency conversion, remittances abroad, and rates and methods of taxation.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock', window );">Cash and Cash Equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>(d) Cash and Cash Equivalents</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company considers all highly liquid
investments purchased and cash deposits with financial institutions with original maturities of three months or less to be cash
equivalents. The Company had no cash equivalents as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company maintains its cash accounts
at credit worthy financial institutions and closely monitors the movements of its cash positions. As of June 30, 2018 and December
31, 2017, approximately $3.0 million and $3.2 million of cash, respectively, was held in bank accounts in the PRC.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TradeAndOtherAccountsReceivablePolicy', window );">Accounts Receivable, Accounts Receivable - Related Parties, and Concentration of Risk</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>(e) Accounts Receivable, Accounts
Receivable &#8211;related parties, and Concentration of Risk</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Accounts receivable are recognized and
carried at invoiced amount less an allowance for any uncollectible accounts, if any. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful
accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. The Company reviews the
collectability of its receivables on an ongoing basis. After all attempts to collect a receivable have failed, the receivable is
written off against the allowance.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company evaluates the creditworthiness
of all of its customers individually before accepting them and continuously monitors the recoverability of accounts receivable.
If there are any indicators that a customer may not make payment, the Company may consider making provision for non-collectability
for that particular customer. At the same time, the Company may cease further sales or services to such customer. The following
are some of the factors that the Company considers in determining whether to discontinue sales or record an allowance:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 95%; text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the customer fails to comply with its payment schedule; </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the customer is in serious financial difficulty; </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">a significant dispute with the customer has occurred regarding job progress or other matters; </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the customer breaches any of the contractual obligations; </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the customer appears to be financially distressed due to economic or legal factors; </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the business between the customer and the Company is not active; and </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">other objective evidence indicates non-collectability of the accounts receivable. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company considers the following
factors when determining whether to permit a longer payment period or provide other concessions to customers:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="width: 95%; text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the customer&#8217;s past payment history; </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the customer&#8217;s general risk profile, including factors such as the customer&#8217;s size, age, and public or private status; </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">macroeconomic conditions that may affect a customer&#8217;s ability to pay; and </font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">the relative importance of the customer relationship to the Company&#8217;s business. </font></td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Since May 2017, the Company entered
into a series of contracts with Shenzhen Taoping New Media, Ltd.(&#8220;Shenzhen Taoping&#8221;) and its affiliates for the sale
of the Company&#8217;s Cloud-Application-Terminal based digital ads display terminals, software and technical services. Shenzhen
Taoping is a company controlled by Mr. Lin.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0"><u>Accounts receivable as at June 30, 2018 and December 31,
2017 are as follows:</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">June 30,</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December 31,</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2018</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2017</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accounts Receivable</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">9,808,594</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,249,457</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Allowance for doubtful accounts</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2,884,899</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2,981,705</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accounts Receivable &#8211; Net</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6,923,695</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,267,752</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accounts Receivable-related parties</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,389,359</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,872,743</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The allowance for doubtful accounts
at June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, totaled approximately $2.9 million and $3.0 million, respectively, representing management&#8217;s
best estimate. The following table describes the movements in the allowance for doubtful accounts during the six month period ended
June 30, 2018 and the year ended December 31, 2017:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="width: 79%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance at January 1, 2017</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,625,765</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Increase in allowance for doubtful accounts</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">180,305</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Foreign exchange difference</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">175,635</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance at December 31, 2017</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,981,705</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Increase in allowance for doubtful accounts</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">28,155</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Amounts recovered during the period</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(74,446</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Foreign exchange difference</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(50,515</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance at June 30, 2018 (Unaudited)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,884,899</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_AdvancesToSuppliersPolicyTextBlock', window );">Advances to Suppliers</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">(f) Advances to Suppliers</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Advances to suppliers represent cash deposits for the purchase
of inventory items from suppliers.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_AdvancesFromCustomersAndRelatedPartiesPolicyTextBlock', window );">Advances from Customers and Related Parties</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">(g) Advances from Customers and related parties</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Advances from customers and related
parties represent cash received from customers and related parties as advance payments for the purchases of the Company&#8217;s
products and services.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueOfFinancialInstrumentsPolicy', window );">Fair Value and Fair Value Measurement of Financial Instruments</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">h) Fair Value and Fair Value Measurement of Financial Instruments</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Management has estimated that the carrying
amounts of non-related party financial instruments approximate fair values for all periods presented due to their short-term maturities.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Fair Value Accounting</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Financial Accounting Standards Board
(FASB) Accounting Standards Codifications (ASC) 820-10 &#8220;Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures&#8221;, establishes a fair
value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest
priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest
priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements). As required by FASB ASC 820-10, assets are classified in their entirety
based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy
under FASB ASC 820-10 are described below:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Level 1 </font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: white">
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<tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: white">
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</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">The following tables present the fair value hierarchy of
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Recurring fair value measurements:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="width: 30%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Warrants liability</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 11%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">As of December 31, 2017, the Company
measured the fair value of its derivative liability related to warrants using a binomial or lattice model for warrants A. Series
A warrants expired on May 27, 2018 without exercise. Series B warrants have been fully exercised as of December 31, 2016. The following
tables reflect the quantitative information about recurring Level 3 fair value measurements:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.48</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Conversion/exercise price</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7.73</font></td>
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</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The warrants liability is considered
a Level 3 liability on the fair value hierarchy as the determination of fair values includes various assumptions about future
activities, stock price, and historical volatility inputs. Significant unobservable inputs for the Level 3 warrants liability
include (1) the estimated probability of the occurrence of a down round financing during the term over which the related warrants
are exercisable, (2) the estimated magnitude of the down round, and (3) the estimated magnitude of any net cash fractional share
settlement. Significant increases or decreases in any of those inputs in isolation would result in a significantly different fair
value measurement.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock', window );">Inventories</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">(i) Inventories</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Inventories are valued at the lower
of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the expected selling price in the ordinary course of business minus any
costs of completion, disposal, and transportation to make the sale.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company performs an analysis of
slow-moving or obsolete inventory periodically and any necessary valuation reserves, which could potentially be significant, are
included in the period in which the evaluations are completed. Any inventory impairment results in a new cost basis for accounting
purposes.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentPolicyTextBlock', window );">Property, Plant and Equipment</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(j) Property, plant and equipment</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Property, plant and equipment are stated
at cost less accumulated amortization and depreciation. Amortization and depreciation is provided over the assets&#8217; estimated
useful lives, using the straight-line method. Estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment are as follows:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="width: 79%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Office buildings</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">20-50 years </font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Plant and machinery</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3-20 years </font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Electronics equipment, furniture and fixtures</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3-5 years </font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Motor vehicles</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5 years </font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Purchased software</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3-10 years </font></td>
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</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Maintenance and repairs costs are expensed
as incurred, whereas significant renewals and betterments are capitalized.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsFiniteLivedPolicy', window );">Intangible Assets</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(k) Intangible assets</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Intangible assets represent technology,
and software development costs and trademarks capitalized by the Company&#8217;s subsidiaries.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Intangible assets are stated at acquisition
fair value or cost less accumulated amortization, and amortized using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful
lives:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="width: 79%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Software development costs</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3-5 years </font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Trademarks</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5 years </font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsPolicyTextBlock', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">(l) Goodwill</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">ASC 350-30-50, &#8220;Goodwill and Other
Intangible Assets&#8221;, requires the testing of goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at least annually.
The Company tests goodwill for impairment in the fourth quarter each year or earlier if an indicator of impairment exists.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Under applicable accounting guidance,
the goodwill impairment analysis is a two-step test. The first step of the goodwill impairment test involves comparing the fair
value of each reporting unit with its carrying amount including goodwill. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying
amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is considered not impaired; however, if the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds
its fair value, the second step must be performed to measure potential impairment.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The second step involves calculating
an implied fair value of goodwill for each reporting unit for which the first step indicated possible impairment. If the implied
fair value of goodwill exceeds the goodwill assigned to the reporting unit, there is no impairment. If the goodwill assigned to
a reporting unit exceeds the implied fair value of goodwill, an impairment charge is recorded for the excess.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ImpairmentOrDisposalOfLongLivedAssetsPolicyTextBlock', window );">Impairment of Long-lived Assets</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(m) Impairment of Long-Lived Assets</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Long-lived assets held and used by
the Company are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of assets
may not be recoverable. It is reasonably possible that these assets could become impaired as a result of technology or other industry
changes. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is determined by comparing their carrying amount with their expected future
net undiscounted future cash flows from the assets. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized
is measured by how much the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the assets. Assets held for disposal, if any, are reported
at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.&#160;</p>



<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativesPolicyTextBlock', window );">Derivative Liability - Warrants</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(n) Derivative liability - Warrants</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The classification of derivative instruments,
including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is determined and re-assessed at the end of
each reporting period, in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 815, &#8220;Derivatives and Hedging&#8221;. This guidance affects the
accounting for warrants issued acquiring the Company&#8217;s ordinary shares that contain provisions to protect warrant holders
from a decline in the stock price, referred to as down-round protection. Down-round provisions reduce the exercise price of a
warrant, if the company either issues equity shares for a price that is lower than the exercise price of the warrants, or issues
convertible instruments with a conversion price per equity share that is less than the exercise price of the warrants, or issues
new warrants or options that have a lower exercise price. For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities,
the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair value and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in
the fair value charged to earning or loss. The Company generally uses a binomial or lattice model and Monte-Carlo simulation to
value the warrants at inception and subsequent valuation dates. Derivative instrument liabilities are classified in the balance
sheet as current or non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement of the derivative instrument could be required within
12 months of the balance sheet date.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock', window );">Revenue Recognition</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(o) Revenue Recognition</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Beginning January 1, 2018, the Company
has adopted the ASU 2014-09, Topic 606, &#8220;Revenue from Contracts with Customers&#8221; and its related amendments (collectively
referred to as &#8220;FASB ASC 606&#8221;) for its new revenue recognition accounting policy that depicts the transfer of promised
goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange
for those goods or services. The adoption of the new revenue recognition standard has no impact on the Company&#8217;s consolidated
financial statements for any periods prior to 2018. Therefore prior period amounts are not adjusted.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company generates its revenues primarily
from four sources: (1) hardware sales, (2) software subscription, (3) software sales, and (4) system integration. Revenue is recognized
when obligations under the terms of a contract with our customers are satisfied; and generally occurs upon delivery of the goods
and services.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>Hardware sales</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Hardware revenues are generated primarily
from the sale of Cloud-Application-Terminal based digital ads display terminals with integrated software essential to the functionality
of the hardware to our customers (inclusive of related parties). Although manufacturing of the hardware has been outsourced to
the Company&#8217;s OEM suppliers, the Company has acted as the principal of the contract. The Company has indicated that it may
from time to time provide future unspecified software upgrades to the hardware products&#8217; essential software, which is expected
to be infrequent and, free of charge. Non-software services is mainly the one-time training session provided to the customer to
familiarize them with the software operation upon the customer&#8217;s initial introduction to the software platform. The costs
of providing infrequent software upgrade and training provided to the customer for familiarizing the software operations are immaterial.
As a result, the Company does not allocate transaction price to software upgrade and customer training. Hardware sales are classified
as &#8220;Revenue-Products&#8221; on the Company&#8217;s consolidated statement of operations.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>Software Sales</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Customers in the private sector contract
the Company to design and develop software products specifically customized for their needs for a fixed price. Software development
projects usually include developing software, integrating various isolated software systems into one, and testing the system. The
design and build services, together with the integration of the various elements, are generally determined to be essential to the
functionality of the delivered software. The contracted price is usually paid in installments based on progression of the project
or at the delivery of the software. The Company usually provides non-software services including after-sale support, technical
training. The technical training only occurs at the introduction of the software. The software is highly specialized and stable,
after-sale support and subsequent upgrade or enhancement are infrequent. The Company has estimated the costs associated with the
non-software performance obligations and concludes that these obligations are immaterial to the overall contract. Therefore, the
Company does not further allocate transaction price.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company usually completes the customized
software contracts less than 12 months and recognizes the revenue at the point of delivery because the Company does not have an
enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date. Revenues from software development contracts are classified as
&#8220;Revenue-Software&#8221; on the Company&#8217;s consolidated statement of operations.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>System Integration Services</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">System integration revenues are generated
from fixed-price contracts which combine both customized software development and integration, and non-customized hardware. System
integration projects usually include the purchase of hardware, software development, and integration of various systems into one,
and test of the system. Customers are billed in accordance with contract terms, which typically require a partial payment at the
signing of the contract, partial payment upon delivery and customer acceptance, with the remainder due within a stated period of
time not exceeding 12 months.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">As a result of the Company&#8217;s business
transformation from a traditional IT business solution provider to a provider of integrated Cloud-Application-Terminal based products
and services, system integration services have been phased out. Collection of residual contract transaction prices from the previously
completed performance obligations only accounted for about 2% of the Company&#8217;s 2017 consolidated revenue. System integration
services generated no revenue for the first six months of 2018, and will further diminish in 2018 and beyond. Therefore, system
integration services will have immaterial impact, if not at all, to the Company&#8217;s revenue recognition upon adoption of ASA
606.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Other revenue comprises revenue generates
from other hardware maintenance services, and miscellaneous income. Revenue recognition and performance obligations are satisfied
upon competition of the services. No contract costs associate with elements of other revenue.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>Contract balances</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">We record advances from customers when
cash payments are received or due in advance of our performance. For the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017, the Company recognized
revenue of $736,000 and $1,379,000, respectively, that was included in the advances from customers balance at the beginning of
each reporting period.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>Practical expedients and exemptions</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">We generally expense sales commissions
if any incurred because the amortization period would have been one year or less. In many cases, the Company is approached by customers
for customizing software products for their specific needs without incurring significant selling expenses.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">We do not disclose the value of unsatisfied
performance obligations for contracts with an original expected length of one year or less.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_TreasuryStockPolicyTextBlock', window );">Treasury Stock</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>(p) Treasury Stock</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company repurchases its ordinary
shares from time to time in the open market and holds such shares as treasury stock. The Company applies the &#8220;cost method&#8221;
and presents the cost to repurchase such shares as a reduction in equity.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationOptionAndIncentivePlansPolicy', window );">Stock-based Compensation</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>(q) Stock-based compensation</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company applies ASC No. 718, &#8220;Compensation-Stock
Compensation&#8221;, which requires that share-based payment transactions with employees, such as share options, be measured based
on the grant date fair value of the equity instrument and recognized as compensation expense over the requisite service period,
with a corresponding addition to equity. Under this method, compensation cost related to employee share options or similar equity
instruments is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized over the period during which an
employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award, which generally is the vesting period.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company applies ASC 505-50, &#8220;Equity-Based
Payments to Nonemployee&#8221;, which requires that share-based payment transactions with nonemployees, such as share options,
be measured at the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued, whichever can be
more reliably measured. The fair value of the equity instrument is recognized as compensation expense over the requisite service
period, with a corresponding addition to equity. Under this method, compensation cost related to nonemployee share options or similar
equity instruments is measured at the measurement date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized over the period specified
in the service agreement or the performance conditions being achieved in the same manner as of the Company had paid cash for the
services.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">During the six months ended June 30,
2018 and 2017, the Company recognized approximately $312,000 and $247,000, respectively, of compensation expense. See Note 16(c).</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock', window );">Foreign Currency Translation</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify"><u>(r) Foreign Currency Translation</u></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The functional currency of the US and
BVI companies is the United States dollar. The functional currency of the Company&#8217;s Hong Kong subsidiaries is the Hong Kong
dollar.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The functional currency of the Company&#8217;s
wholly-owned PRC subsidiaries and its VIE is the Chinese Renminbi Yuan, (&#8220;RMB&#8221;). RMB is not freely convertible into
foreign currencies. The Company&#8217;s PRC subsidiaries&#8217; and their VIE&#8217;s financial statements are maintained in the
functional currency. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are translated
into the functional currency at rates of exchange prevailing at the balance sheet date. Transactions denominated in currencies
other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of
the transactions. Exchange gains or losses arising from foreign currency transactions are included in the determination of net
loss for the respective periods.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">For financial reporting purposes, the
financial statements of the Company have been translated into United States dollars. Assets and liabilities are translated at exchange
rates at the balance sheet dates, revenue and expenses are translated at average exchange rates, and equity is translated at historical
exchange rates. Any resulting translation adjustments are not included in determining net income but are included in other comprehensive
loss, a component of equity.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">The exchange rates adopted are as follows:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">No representation is made that the
RMB amounts could have been, or could be, converted into United States dollars at the rates used in translation.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpensePolicy', window );">Research &amp; Development Expenses</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(s) Research &#38; Development Expenses</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company follows the guidance in
FASB ASC 985-20, Cost of Software to Be Sold, Leased or Marketed, regarding software development costs to be sold, leased, or otherwise
marketed.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">FASB ASC 985-20-25 requires research
and development costs for software development to be expensed as incurred until the software model is technologically feasible.
Technological feasibility is established when the enterprise has completed all planning, designing, coding, testing, and identification
of risks activities necessary to establish that the product can be produced to meet its design specifications, features, functions,
technical performance requirements. A certain amount of judgment and estimation is required to assess when technological feasibility
is established, as well as the ongoing assessment of the recoverability of capitalized costs. The Company&#8217;s products reach
technological feasibility shortly before the products are released and sold to the public. Therefore research and development
costs are generally expensed as incurred.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_SubsidyIncomePolicyTextBlock', window );">Subsidy Income</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(t) Subsidy Income</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Subsidy income mainly represents income
received from various local governmental agencies in China for developing high technology products in the fields designated by
the government as new and highly innovative. We have no continuing obligation under the subsidy provision.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(u) Sales, use, other value-added taxes,
and Income Taxes</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Revenue is recorded net of applicable
sales, use, and value-added taxes.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Income taxes are provided on an asset
and liability approach for financial accounting and reporting of income taxes. Deferred income taxes are recognized for all significant
temporary differences at enacted rates and classified as non-current in the financial statements. A valuation allowance is provided
to reduce the amount of deferred tax assets if it is considered more likely than not that some portion, or all of, the deferred
tax assets will not be realized. The Company classifies interest and/or penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits, if any,
as a component of income tax expense.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company applies the provisions
of ASC No. 740 &#8220;Income Taxes&#8221; (&#8220;ASC 740&#8221;), which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes
recognized by prescribing a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement
of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC 740 also provides accounting guidance on de-recognition,
classification, interest and penalties, and disclosure.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_SalesUseAndOtherValueAddedTaxPolicyTextBlock', window );">Sales, Use, Other Value-added Taxes, and Income Taxes</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(u) Sales, use, other value-added taxes,
and Income Taxes</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Revenue is recorded net of applicable
sales, use, and value-added taxes.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Income taxes are provided on an asset
and liability approach for financial accounting and reporting of income taxes. Deferred income taxes are recognized for all significant
temporary differences at enacted rates and classified as non-current in the financial statements. A valuation allowance is provided
to reduce the amount of deferred tax assets if it is considered more likely than not that some portion, or all of, the deferred
tax assets will not be realized. The Company classifies interest and/or penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits, if any,
as a component of income tax expense.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company applies the provisions
of ASC No. 740 &#8220;Income Taxes&#8221; (&#8220;ASC 740&#8221;), which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes
recognized by prescribing a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement
of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC 740 also provides accounting guidance on de-recognition,
classification, interest and penalties, and disclosure.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DiscontinuedOperationsPolicyTextBlock', window );">Discontinued Operations</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(v) Discontinued Operations</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In accordance with &#8220;ASU 2014-08,
Presentation of Financial Statements (Topic 205) and Property, Plant and Equipment (Topic 360): Reporting Discontinued Operations
and Disclosures of Disposals of Components of an Entity&#8221;, a discontinued operation must represent a strategic shift that
has or will have a major effect on an entity&#8217;s operations and financial results. Examples could include a disposal of a
major line of business, a major geographical area, a major equity method investment, or other major parts of an entity. The revised
standard also allows an entity to have certain continuing cash flows or involvement with the component after the disposal. Additionally,
the standard requires expanded disclosures about discontinued operations that will provide financial statement users with more
information about the assets, liabilities, income, and expenses of discontinued operations.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingPolicyPolicyTextBlock', window );">Segment Reporting</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">(w) Segment reporting</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Segment information is consistent with
how management reviews the businesses, makes investing and resource allocation decisions and assesses operating performance. Transfers
and sales between reportable segments, if any, are recorded at cost.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company reports financial and operating
information in the following two segments:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 5%; font: 11pt/107% Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(a) </font></td>
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</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 5%; font: 11pt/107% Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(b) </font></td>
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</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock', window );">Recent Accounting Pronouncements</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">(y) Recent Accounting Pronouncements</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU
2016-02, &#8220;ASC 842-10-65-1, Leases (Topic 842)&#8221;. The guidance requires, with the exception of short-term leases, a lease
liability, which is a lessee&#8217;s obligation to make lease payments arising from a lease, measured on a discounted basis; and
a right-of-use asset, which is an asset that represents the lessee&#8217;s right to use, or control the use of, a specified asset
for the lease term. Under the new guidance, lessor accounting is largely unchanged. Certain targeted improvements were made to
align, where necessary, lessor accounting with the lessee accounting model and Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.
The guidance requires prospective application for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and early adoption is permitted.
Lessees (for capital and operating leases) and lessors (for sales-type, direct financing, and operating leases) must apply a modified
retrospective transition approach for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period
presented in the financial statements. The modified retrospective approach would not require any transition accounting for leases
that expired before the earliest comparative period presented. Lessees and lessors may not apply a full retrospective transition
approach. The Company expects to adopt the standard January 2019. Adoption of ASU 2016-2 is not expected to have material impact
on the consolidated financial statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In January 2017, the FASB issued 2017-04,
&#8220;ASC 350-20-65-3, Intangibles &#8211; Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment.&#8221;
The new guidance eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. The annual, or interim, goodwill impairment test is performed
by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An impairment charge should be recognized for the amount
by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit&#8217;s fair value; however, the loss recognized should not exceed the
total amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. In addition, income tax effects from any tax deductible goodwill on
the carrying amount of the reporting unit should be considered when measuring the goodwill impairment loss, if applicable. The
new guidance also eliminates the requirements for any reporting unit with a zero or negative carrying amount to perform a qualitative
assessment and, if it fails that qualitative test, to perform Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test. An entity still has the option
to perform the qualitative assessment for a reporting unit to determine if the quantitative impairment test is necessary. The new
update is effective for annual or any interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early
adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. ASU 2017-04
should be adopted on a prospective basis. Adoption of ASU 2017-04 is not expected to have material impact to the Company&#8217;s
consolidated financial statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-11,&#8220;Earnings
Per Share (Topic 260); Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480); Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): (Part I) Accounting
for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features, (Part II) Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral for Mandatorily Redeemable
Financial Instruments of Certain Nonpublic Entities and Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Non-controlling Interests with a Scope Exception.&#8221;
&#8220;These amendments simplify the accounting for certain financial instruments with down round features. The amendments require
companies to disregard the down round feature when assessing whether the instrument is indexed to its own stock, for purposes of
determining liability or equity classification. Companies that provide earnings per share (EPS) data will adjust their basic EPS
calculation for the effect of the feature when triggered (i.e., when the exercise price of the related equity-linked financial
instrument is adjusted downward because of the down round feature) and will also recognize the effect of the trigger within equity.
The amendments also address navigational concerns within the FASB Accounting Standards Codification&#174; related to an indefinite
deferral available to private companies with mandatorily redeemable financial instruments and certain non-controlling interests,
one that created significant &#8220;pending content&#8221; in the Codification. The FASB decided to reclassify the indefinite deferral
as a scope exception, which does not have an accounting effect. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December
15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Adoption of ASU 2017-11 will not have material effect to the Company&#8217;s
consolidated financial statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU
2018-2,&#8221; Income Statement&#8212;Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income&#8221;. &#8220;These amendments provide financial statement preparers with an option to
reclassify stranded tax effects within AOCI to retained earnings in each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal
corporate income tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (or portion thereof) is recorded. The ASU requires financial statement preparers
to disclose: -A description of the accounting policy for releasing income tax effects from AOCI; -Whether they elect to reclassify
the stranded income tax effects from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act; and -Information about the other income tax effects that are reclassified.
The amendments affect any organization that is required to apply the provisions of Topic 220, Income Statement&#8212;Reporting
Comprehensive Income, and has items of other comprehensive income for which the related tax effects are presented in other comprehensive
income as required by GAAP.&#8221; Effective for all organizations for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim
periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. Organizations should apply the proposed amendments either in the
period of adoption or retrospectively to each period (or periods) in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate
income tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act is recognized. Adoption of ASU 2018-2 is not expected to have material impact on the
consolidated financial statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-9,
&#8220;Codification Improvements&#8221;. These amendments represent changes to clarify, correct errors in, or make minor improvements
to the Codification, eliminating inconsistencies and providing clarifications in current guidance. The amendments in this ASU include
those made to: Subtopic 220-10, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Overall; Subtopic 718-740, Compensation-Stock Compensation-Income
Taxes; Subtopic 805-740, Business Combinations-Income Taxes; Subtopic 820-10, Fair Value Measurement-Overall; and others. &#8220;The
transition and effective date guidance is based on the facts and circumstances of each amendment. Some of the amendments do not
require transition guidance and will be effective upon issuance. However, many of the amendments do have transition guidance with
effective dates for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, for public business entities. There are some conforming amendments
that have been made to recently issued guidance that is not yet effective that may require application of the transition and effective
date guidance in the original ASU.&#8221; Adoption of ASU 2018-9 is not expected to have material impact on the consolidated financial
statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU
2018-13,&#8221; Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework&#8212;Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair
Value Measurement.&#8221; &#8220;These amendments modify the disclosure requirements in Topic 820 as follows: Removals -The amount
of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy; -The policy for timing of transfers between
levels; -The valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements; and -For nonpublic entities, the changes in unrealized gains
and losses for the period included in earnings for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period.
Modifications -In lieu of a rollforward for Level 3 fair value measurements, a nonpublic entity is required to disclose transfers
into and out of Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy and purchases and issues of Level 3 assets and liabilities; -For investments
in certain entities that calculate net asset value, an entity is required to disclose the timing of liquidation of an investee&#8217;s
assets and the date when restrictions from redemption might lapse only if the investee has communicated the timing to the entity
or announced the timing publicly; and -The amendments clarify that the measurement uncertainty disclosure is to communicate information
about the uncertainty in measurement as of the reporting date. Additions -The changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period
included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements held at the end of the reporting period; and
- The range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. For certain
unobservable inputs, an entity may disclose other quantitative information (such as the median or arithmetic average) in lieu of
the weighted average if the entity determines that other quantitative information would be a more reasonable and rational method
to reflect the distribution of unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements.&#8221; &#8220;For all entities,
amendments are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019. The
amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to
develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively
for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should
be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. Early adoption is permitted. An entity is permitted
to early adopt any removed or modified disclosures upon issuance of ASU No. 2018-13 and delay adoption of the additional disclosures
until their effective date.&#8221; Adoption of ASU 2018-13 is not expected to have material impact on the consolidated financial
statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU
2018-15, &#8220;Intangibles&#8212;Goodwill and Other&#8212;Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer&#8217;s Accounting
for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract.&#8221; These amendments align the
requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements
for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software (and hosting arrangements that include
an internal use software license). The accounting for the service element of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract is
not affected by these amendments. &#8220;For public business entities, the amendments are effective for annual periods, including
interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2019. For all other entities, the amendments are effective
for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020, and interim periods in annual periods beginning after December 15, 2021.
Early adoption is permitted.&#8221; Adoption of ASU 2018-13 is not expected to have material impact on the consolidated financial
statements.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The Company has considered all other
recently issued accounting pronouncements and does not believe that such pronouncements will apply to the consolidated financial
statements.</p><span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Advances from Customers and related parties [Policy Text Block]</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sales, Use, Other Value-added Taxes, and Income Taxes [Policy Text Block]</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Subsidy Income [Policy Text Block]</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for cash and cash equivalents, including the policy for determining which items are treated as cash equivalents. Other information that may be disclosed includes (1) the nature of any restrictions on the entity's use of its cash and cash equivalents, (2) whether the entity's cash and cash equivalents are insured or expose the entity to credit risk, (3) the classification of any negative balance accounts (overdrafts), and (4) the carrying basis of cash equivalents (for example, at cost) and whether the carrying amount of cash equivalents approximates fair value.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy regarding (1) the principles it follows in consolidating or combining the separate financial statements, including the principles followed in determining the inclusion or exclusion of subsidiaries or other entities in the consolidated or combined financial statements and (2) its treatment of interests (for example, common stock, a partnership interest or other means of exerting influence) in other entities, for example consolidation or use of the equity or cost methods of accounting.  The accounting policy may also address the accounting treatment for intercompany accounts and transactions, noncontrolling interest, and the income statement treatment in consolidation for issuances of stock by a subsidiary.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for its derivative instruments and hedging activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109980867&amp;loc=d3e41620-113959<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109980867&amp;loc=d3e41638-113959<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109980867&amp;loc=SL5579245-113959<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109980867&amp;loc=d3e41675-113959<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(n))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109980867&amp;loc=SL5579240-113959<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for discontinued operations. Includes, but is not limited to, method of interest allocation to a discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 205<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109222650&amp;loc=d3e1361-107760<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 205<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26872618&amp;loc=d3e7436-122677<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for determining the fair value of financial instruments.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 60<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=7493716&amp;loc=d3e21868-110260<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109250915&amp;loc=d3e13279-108611<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for (1) transactions denominated in a currency other than the reporting enterprise's functional currency, (2) translating foreign currency financial statements that are incorporated into the financial statements of the reporting enterprise by consolidation, combination, or the equity method of accounting, and (3) remeasurement of the financial statements of a foreign reporting enterprise in a hyperinflationary economy.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450520&amp;loc=d3e32583-110901<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6450222&amp;loc=d3e30840-110895<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for goodwill and intangible assets. This accounting policy also may address how an entity assesses and measures impairment of goodwill and intangible assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108376223&amp;loc=d3e13816-109267<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16265-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsPolicyTextBlock</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for recognizing and measuring the impairment of long-lived assets. An entity also may disclose its accounting policy for long-lived assets to be sold. This policy excludes goodwill and intangible assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 05<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109226317&amp;loc=d3e202-110218<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 5.CC)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27011434&amp;loc=d3e125687-122742<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ImpairmentOrDisposalOfLongLivedAssetsPolicyTextBlock</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for finite-lived intangible assets. This accounting policy also might address: (1) the amortization method used; (2) the useful lives of such assets; and (3) how the entity assesses and measures impairment of such assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of inventory accounting policy for inventory classes, including, but not limited to, basis for determining inventory amounts, methods by which amounts are added and removed from inventory classes, loss recognition on impairment of inventories, and situations in which inventories are stated above cost.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66092785&amp;loc=d3e4556-108314<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6361739&amp;loc=d3e7789-107766<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 270<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109236672&amp;loc=d3e543-108305<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66092785&amp;loc=d3e4492-108314<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy pertaining to new accounting pronouncements that may impact the entity's financial reporting. Includes, but is not limited to, quantification of the expected or actual impact.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for long-lived, physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. Includes, but is not limited to, basis of assets, depreciation and depletion methods used, including composite deprecation, estimated useful lives, capitalization policy, accounting treatment for costs incurred for repairs and maintenance, capitalized interest and the method it is calculated, disposals and impairments.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.13(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84158767&amp;loc=d3e18780-107790<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for costs it has incurred (1) in a planned search or critical investigation aimed at discovery of new knowledge with the hope that such knowledge will be useful in developing a new product or service, a new process or technique, or in bringing about a significant improvement to an existing product or process; or (2) to translate research findings or other knowledge into a plan or design for a new product or process or for a significant improvement to an existing product or process.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for trade and other accounts receivables. This disclosure may include the basis at which such receivables are carried in the entity's statements of financial position (for example, net realizable value), how the entity determines the level of its allowance for doubtful accounts, when impairments, charge-offs or recoveries are recognized, and the entity's income recognition policies for such receivables, including its treatment of related fees and costs, its treatment of premiums, discounts or unearned income, when accrual of interest is discontinued, how the entity records payments received on nonaccrual receivables and its policy for resuming accrual of interest on such receivables.  If the enterprise holds a large number of similar loans, disclosure may include the accounting policy for the anticipation of prepayments and significant assumptions underlying prepayment estimates for amortization of premiums, discounts, and nonrefundable fees and costs.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for the use of estimates in the preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.</p></div>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2,981,705</font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,872,743</font></td>
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</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_ScheduleOfAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Allowance for Doubtful Accounts</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The following table describes the movements
in the allowance for doubtful accounts during the six month period ended June 30, 2018 and the year ended December 31, 2017:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Increase in allowance for doubtful accounts</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">180,305</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Foreign exchange difference</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance at December 31, 2017</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,981,705</font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Increase in allowance for doubtful accounts</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">28,155</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(74,446</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Foreign exchange difference</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Recurring fair value measurements:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Unobservable</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
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    <td style="width: 11%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_ScheduleOfFairValueOfDerivativeLiabilityRelatedToWarrantsTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Fair Value of Derivative Liability Related to Warrants</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The following tables reflect the quantitative
information about recurring Level 3 fair value measurements:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Series A</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Warrants</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">December 31, 2017:</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="width: 79%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Annual volatility</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">56.13</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Risk-free rate</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.46</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Dividend rate</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.00</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Contractual term</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.4 years </font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.48</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Conversion/exercise price</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7.73</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfForeignExchangeContractsStatementOfFinancialPositionTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Foreign Currency Translation</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">The exchange rates adopted are as follows:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>June 30,</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>December 31,</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>June 30,</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2018</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2017</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2017</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="width: 55%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Period-end RMB to US$ exchange rate</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.6205</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.5084</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.7780</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Average yearly RMB to US$ exchange rate</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.7561</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Average six months RMB to US$ exchange rate</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.3688</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6.8758</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueByAssetClassAxis=us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentMember', window );">Property, Plant and Equipment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_ScheduleOfEstimatedUsefulLivesTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Estimated Useful Lives</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Estimated useful lives of property,
plant and equipment are as follows:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="width: 79%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Office buildings</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">20-50 years </font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Plant and machinery</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3-20 years </font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Electronics equipment, furniture and fixtures</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3-5 years </font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Motor vehicles</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5 years </font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Purchased software</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3-10 years </font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueByAssetClassAxis=TAOP_IntangibleAssetsMember', window );">Intangible Assets [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_ScheduleOfEstimatedUsefulLivesTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Estimated Useful Lives</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Intangible assets are stated at acquisition
fair value or cost less accumulated amortization, and amortized using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful
lives:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="width: 79%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Software development costs</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3-5 years </font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Trademarks</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5 years </font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_ScheduleOfAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Schedule of Allowance for Doubtful Accounts [Table Text Block]</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_ScheduleOfAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>nonnum:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_ScheduleOfEstimatedUsefulLivesTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Schedule of Estimated Useful Lives [Table Text Block]</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_ScheduleOfEstimatedUsefulLivesTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>nonnum:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_ScheduleOfFairValueOfDerivativeLiabilityRelatedToWarrantsTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Schedule of Fair Value of Derivative Liability Related to Warrants [Table Text Block]</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_ScheduleOfFairValueOfDerivativeLiabilityRelatedToWarrantsTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>nonnum:textBlockItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccountsNotesLoansAndFinancingReceivableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the various types of trade accounts and notes receivable and for each the gross carrying value, allowance, and net carrying value as of the balance sheet date. Presentation is categorized by current, noncurrent and unclassified receivables.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.3,4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccountsNotesLoansAndFinancingReceivableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6817111008">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Variable Interest Entity (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">27,504,894</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the significant judgments and assumptions made in determining whether a variable interest (as defined) held by the entity requires the variable interest entity (VIE) (as defined) to be consolidated and (or) disclose information about its involvement with the VIE, individually or in aggregate (as applicable); the nature of restrictions, if any, on the consolidated VIE's assets and on the settlement of its liabilities reported by an entity in its statement of financial position, including the carrying amounts of such assets and liabilities; the nature of, and changes in, the risks associated with involvement in the VIE; how involvement with the VIE affects the entity's financial position, financial performance, and cash flows; the lack of recourse if creditors (or beneficial interest holders) of the consolidated VIE have no recourse to the general credit of the primary beneficiary (if applicable); the terms of arrangements, giving consideration to both explicit arrangements and implicit variable interests, if any, that could require the entity to provide financial support to the VIE, including events or circumstances that could expose the entity to a loss; the methodology used by the entity for determining whether or not it is the primary beneficiary of the variable interest entity; the significant factors considered and judgments made in determining that the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance are shared (as defined); the carrying amounts and classification of assets and liabilities of the VIE included in the statement of financial position; the entity's maximum exposure to loss, if any, as a result of its involvement with the VIE, including how the maximum exposure is determined and significant sources of the entity's exposure to the VIE; a comparison of the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities and the entity's maximum exposure to loss; information about any liquidity arrangements, guarantees, and (or) other commitments by third parties that may affect the fair value or risk of the entity's variable interest in the VIE; whether or not the entity has provided financial support or other support (explicitly or implicitly) to the VIE that it was not previously contractually required to provide or whether the entity intends to provide that support, including the type and amount of the support and the primary reasons for providing the support; and supplemental information the entity determines necessary to provide.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6797406784">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract', window );"><strong>Earnings Per Share [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
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<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Components of basic and diluted earnings per share were as
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of an entity's basic and diluted earnings per share calculations, including a reconciliation of numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted per-share computations for income from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6800298544">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Inventories (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th></tr>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6800371568">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Property Plant and Equipment (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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</tr>
<tr class="ro">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. Includes, but is not limited to, balances by class of assets, depreciation and depletion expense and method used, including composite depreciation, and accumulated deprecation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(13))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6798067632">
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<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Intangible Assets (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life, by either major class or business segment.</p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6648294976">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Bank Loans (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Debt Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShortTermDebtTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Short-Term Bank Debt</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">(a) Short-term bank loans</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 14%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,280,369</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 14%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,817,610</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total short-term bank loans</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>$</b></font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,817,610</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_ScheduleOfSecuredShortTermBankDebt', window );">Schedule of Secured Short-Term Bank Debt</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Detailed information of secured short-term loan balances
as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017 were as follows:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>June 30,</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>December 31,</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(Unaudited)</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Guaranteed by High-tech Investment Company(i) and Mr. Lin</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,057,315</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,536,480</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Guaranteed by IST and guaranteed by Mr. Lin and guaranteed by Biznest and collateralized by IST</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,531,350</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4,609,440</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Guaranteed by IST and guaranteed by iASPEC and Collateralized by ISIOT and Secured by ISTIL</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,691,704</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,671,690</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>$</b></font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>7,280,369</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>$</b></font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>7,817,610</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">(i) High-tech Investment Company is an unrelated third party.</p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6818427712">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Taxes (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfIncomeBeforeIncomeTaxDomesticAndForeignTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Income Before Income Taxes</a></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Pre-tax income (loss) from continuing
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (benefit)</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Income tax (benefit) expense from continuing
operations consists of the following:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Ended</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Ended</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>June 30,2018</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income tax benefit</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,286,388</font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,045,500</font></td>
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</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Current income tax benefit was recorded in 2018 and 2017
and was related to differences between the book and corporate income tax returns.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Ended</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Ended</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>June 30,2018</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>June 30,2017</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(Unaudited)</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(Unaudited)</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">%</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 16%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">25</font></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">221,632</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(257,767</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Tax rate differential benefit from tax holiday</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(248,536</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">26,817</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,447,813</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(930,476</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Tax effect of deductible temporary differences not recognized</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(24,949</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(47,995</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income tax (benefit) expense</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>$</b></font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>$</b></font></td>
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</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">The significant components of deferred tax assets and deferred
tax liabilities were as follows as of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>June 30, 2018</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="6" style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 12%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</font></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6797937680">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other Current and Non-Current Assets (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredCostsCapitalizedPrepaidAndOtherAssetsDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherCurrentAssetsTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Other Current Assets</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, other current
assets consist of:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>June 30,</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>December 31,</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Advances to unrelated-parties <sup>(ii) </sup></font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,280</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 14%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,244,348</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Receivable from sale of the deposit of the land use right<sup>(i) </sup></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,267,532</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Subsidy income receivable(VAT)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">40,489</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">147,632</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Installation contract deposits <sup>(iii) </sup></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,606</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,776</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other current assets</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">94,895</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">77,168</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>$</b></font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>3,491,117</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,854,792</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>
<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 5%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(i) </font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The Company planned to purchase land use rights in Dongguan City for expansion of operations in manufacturing and office building in 2010. Under the terms of the purchase agreement with Dongguan Fenggang Municipal Government (the &#8220;Local Government&#8221;), IST paid approximately $14.0 million (RMB 90.8 million) in total with the Local Government as security deposit for purchase of land use rights, which was refundable, if the Company was to terminate the agreement. In September 2016, the Company terminated the purchase agreement because of the shift of the Company&#8217;s business strategy and transformation of the Company&#8217;s business. The Company sold deposit receivable of approximately $13.0 million (RMB 90.2 million) without recourse to an unrelated party, Dongguan Dongyi Industrial Co., Ltd. (&#8220;Dongyi&#8221;), in a consideration of approximately $10.4 million (RMB 72.2 million) with an installment payment plan until December 31, 2019. For the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company received approximately $1.0 million from Dongyi. For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company received approximately an aggregate of $3.3 million from Dongyi. </font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The transaction was governed by FASB ASC 860-20, Sales of Financial Assets. The Company recognized and recorded a loss of approximately $2.7 million from the sale in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2016.</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(ii) </font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The advances to unrelated parties for business development, and are non-interest bearing.</font></td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(iii) </font></td>
    <td style="text-align: justify; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Deposits for installation contract are made from time-to-time by the Company to demonstrate the Company&#8217;s capabilities in capital and resources in connection with bidding on certain projects. Such amounts are refundable upon completion of the bidding processes.</font></td></tr>
</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherAssetsNoncurrentTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Other Assets, Noncurrent</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, other non-current
assets consist of:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>June 30,</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>December 31,</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2018</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2017</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(Unaudited)</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Receivable from sale of the deposit of the land use right<sup>(i) </sup></font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 14%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,269,967</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="width: 14%; border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,326,319</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>$</b></font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>3,269,967</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>$</b></font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>3,326,319</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr>
    <td style="vertical-align: top; width: 5%; font: 11pt/107% Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(i) </font></td>
    <td style="font: 11pt/107% Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; text-align: justify"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The Company planned to purchase land use rights in Dongguan City for expansion of operations in manufacturing and office building in 2010. Under the terms of the purchase agreement with Dongguan Fenggang Municipal Government (the &#8220;Local Government&#8221;), IST paid approximately $14.0 million (RMB 90.8 million) in total with the Local Government as security deposit for purchase of land use rights, which was refundable, if the Company was to terminate the agreement. In September 2016, the Company terminated the purchase agreement because of the shift of the Company&#8217;s business strategy and transformation of the Company&#8217;s business. The Company sold deposit receivable of approximately $13.0 million (RMB 90.2 million) without recourse to an unrelated party, Dongguan Dongyi Industrial Co., Ltd. (&#8220;Dongyi&#8221;), in a consideration of approximately $10.4 million (RMB 72.2 million) with an installment payment plan until December 31, 2019. For the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company received approximately $1.0 million from Dongyi. For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company received approximately an aggregate of $3.3 million from Dongyi. </font></td></tr>
</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6800296288">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Warrant Liability (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentsAndHedgingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockholdersEquityNoteWarrantsOrRightsTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Warrants Outstanding and Exercisable</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The following table outlines the number
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Number of</b></font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Date</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 18%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;-</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 18%; border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">525,621</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7.73</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 10%; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">05/27/2018 </font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfDerivativeLiabilitiesAtFairValueTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Changes in the Fair Value of Derivative Warrant Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">Changes in the fair value of the derivative
warrant liabilities and key assumptions at the issue date and each reporting date are as follows:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Warrants</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Total</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance at January 1, 2017</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
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    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(3,719</font></td>
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    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(3,719</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance at December 31, 2017</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 2.25pt double; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">-</font></td>
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</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of derivative liabilities at fair value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of warrants or rights issued. Warrants and rights outstanding are derivative securities that give the holder the right to purchase securities (usually equity) from the issuer at a specific price within a certain time frame. Warrants are often included in a new debt issue to entice investors by a higher return potential. The main difference between warrants and call options is that warrants are issued and guaranteed by the company, whereas options are exchange instruments and are not issued by the company. Also, the lifetime of a warrant is often measured in years, while the lifetime of a typical option is measured in months. Disclose the title of issue of securities called for by warrants and rights outstanding, the aggregate amount of securities called for by warrants and rights outstanding, the date from which the warrants or rights are exercisable, and the price at which the warrant or right is exercisable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5047-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(i))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 50<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6784392&amp;loc=d3e188667-122775<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 50<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=68057994&amp;loc=d3e25284-112666<br></p></div>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6635258784">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other Payables and Accrued Expenses (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
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<tr><th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Other Payable and Accrued Expenses</a></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">As of June 30, 2018 and December 31, 2017, other payables
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

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<tr>
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<tr>
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<tr>
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<tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6800382752">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisclosureOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Sharebased Payments Expense</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The following table provides the details
of the approximate total share based payments expense during the six months ended June 30, 2018 and 2017:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock', window );">Summary of Assumption Used to Estimate the Fair Value of Share Options Granted</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The following table summarizes the inputs
and assumptions used to estimate the fair values of the share options granted for the six months ended as follows:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock', window );">Summary of Stock Option Activity</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">Stock option activity for the six months ended June 30, 2018
is summarized as follows:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="width: 2%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 2%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(802,800</font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.21</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(61,000</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.15</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,054,200</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.11</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2.90</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">390,358</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,528,000</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1.08</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2.90</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">332,440</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Options exercisable as of June 30, 2018(Unaudited) (vested)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">378,400</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.99</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2.90</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">116,776</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfNonvestedShareActivityTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Nonvested Share Activity</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The following table summarizes the status
of options which contain vesting provisions:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Weighted</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Average</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Grant Date</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Options</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; text-align: center; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Fair Value</b></font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <td style="width: 66%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Non-vested at January 1, 2018</font></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
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    <td style="width: 1%; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #CCEEFF">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1.5pt solid; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.73</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white">
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</font></td>
    <td style="text-align: right; line-height: 107%"><font style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">0.72</font></td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
</table>


<p style="margin: 0pt"></p><span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_ScheduleOfStockOptionsOutstandingAndExercisableTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Stock Options Outstanding and Exercisable</a></td>
<td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0; text-align: justify">The following table outlines the options
outstanding and exercisable as of June 30, 2018:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt/normal Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 11pt Calibri, Helvetica, Sans-Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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    <td style="line-height: 107%">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; line-height: 107%">&#160;</td>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,600,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,500,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Accumulated deficit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(170,390,549)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">104,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (172,395,246)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RentalIncomeNonoperating', window );">Annual rental fees</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 380,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Increase in revenue</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,364,033<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,732,064<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss', window );">Increase in net income</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,172,916<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14,433<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_WudaGeoinformaticsCoLtdMember', window );">Wuda Geoinformatics Co., Ltd [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage', window );">Equity ownership percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">54.89%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">54.89%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction', window );">Agreegate purchase price</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14,700,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_WudaGeoinformaticsCoLtdMember', window );">Wuda Geoinformatics Co., Ltd [Member] | RMB [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction', window );">Agreegate purchase price | &#165;</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">&#165; 91,300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_IASPECZhongtianSoftwareCoLtdMember', window );">iASPEC Zhongtian Software Co., Ltd [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage', window );">Equity ownership percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction', window );">Agreegate purchase price</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,800,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_IASPECZhongtianSoftwareCoLtdMember', window );">iASPEC Zhongtian Software Co., Ltd [Member] | RMB [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction', window );">Agreegate purchase price | &#165;</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">&#165; 30,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_IASPECTechnologyGroupCoLtdMember', window );">iASPEC Technology Group Co Ltd [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_NetProfitReceivedPercentage', window );">Net profit received, percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">95.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_NetProfitReceivedPercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Net profit received, percentage.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_NetProfitReceivedPercentage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_WorkingCapital">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Working capital.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_WorkingCapital</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The percentage of ownership of common stock or equity participation in the investee accounted for under the equity method of accounting.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114001798&amp;loc=d3e33918-111571<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperations">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to the parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 18<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108774443&amp;loc=SL4613673-111683<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.13)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperations</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities, including discontinued operations. Operating activity cash flows include transactions, adjustments, and changes in value not defined as investing or financing activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow for purchases of and capital improvements on property, plant and equipment (capital expenditures), software, and other intangible assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br></p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, including the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProfitLoss</td>
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<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Income earned by providing the use of assets to an outside party in exchange for a payment or series of payments that is nonoperating in nature.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RentalIncomeNonoperating</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cumulative amount of the reporting entity's undistributed earnings or deficit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized from goods sold, services rendered, insurance premiums, or other activities that constitute an earning process. Includes, but is not limited to, investment and interest income before deduction of interest expense when recognized as a component of revenue, and sales and trading gain (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Revenues</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cash received on stock transaction after deduction of issuance costs.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_Location', window );">Location</a></td>
<td class="text">British Virgin Islands<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_ChinaInformationTechnologyHoldingsLimitedMember', window );">China Information Technology Holdings Limited [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_Entities', window );">Entities</a></td>
<td class="text">China Information Technology Holdings Limited (CITH)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntitySimilarEntityAggregationDescription', window );">Subsidiaries/VIE</a></td>
<td class="text">Subsidiary<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage', window );">Percentage owned</a></td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_Location', window );">Location</a></td>
<td class="text">British Virgin Islands<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_InformationSecurityTechInternationalCoLtdMember', window );">Information Security Tech International Co Ltd [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_Entities', window );">Entities</a></td>
<td class="text">Information Security Tech. International Co., Ltd. (ISTIL)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntitySimilarEntityAggregationDescription', window );">Subsidiaries/VIE</a></td>
<td class="text">Subsidiary<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage', window );">Percentage owned</a></td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_Location', window );">Location</a></td>
<td class="text">Hong Kong, China<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_InformationSecurityTechChinaMember', window );">Information Security Tech (China) Co Ltd [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_Entities', window );">Entities</a></td>
<td class="text">Information Security Tech. (China) Co., Ltd. (IST)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntitySimilarEntityAggregationDescription', window );">Subsidiaries/VIE</a></td>
<td class="text">Subsidiary<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage', window );">Percentage owned</a></td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_Location', window );">Location</a></td>
<td class="text">Shenzhen, China<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_TopCloudSoftwareChinaCoLtdMember', window );">TopCloud Software (China) Co Ltd [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_Entities', window );">Entities</a></td>
<td class="text">TopCloud Software (China) Co., Ltd. (TopCloud)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntitySimilarEntityAggregationDescription', window );">Subsidiaries/VIE</a></td>
<td class="text">Subsidiary<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage', window );">Percentage owned</a></td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_Location', window );">Location</a></td>
<td class="text">Shenzhen, China<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_InformationSecurityIoTTechCoLtdMember', window );">Information Security IoT Tech Co Ltd [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_Entities', window );">Entities</a></td>
<td class="text">Information Security IoT Tech. Co., Ltd. (ISIOT)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntitySimilarEntityAggregationDescription', window );">Subsidiaries/VIE</a></td>
<td class="text">Subsidiary<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage', window );">Percentage owned</a></td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_Location', window );">Location</a></td>
<td class="text">Shenzhen, China<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_IASPECTechnologyGroupCoLtdMember', window );">iASPEC Technology Group Co Ltd [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_Entities', window );">Entities</a></td>
<td class="text">iASPEC Technology Group Co., Ltd. (iASPEC)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntitySimilarEntityAggregationDescription', window );">Subsidiaries/VIE</a></td>
<td class="text">VIE<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage', window );">Percentage owned</a></td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_Location', window );">Location</a></td>
<td class="text">Shenzhen, China<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_BiznestInternetTechCoLtdMember', window );">Biznest Internet Tech Co Ltd [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_Entities', window );">Entities</a></td>
<td class="text">Biznest Internet Tech. Co., Ltd. (Biznest)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntitySimilarEntityAggregationDescription', window );">Subsidiaries/VIE</a></td>
<td class="text">VIE<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage', window );">Percentage owned</a></td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_Location', window );">Location</a></td>
<td class="text">Shenzhen, China<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_ShenzhenTaopingInternetTechCoLtdMember', window );">Shenzhen Taoping Internet Tech Co Ltd [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_Entities', window );">Entities</a></td>
<td class="text">Shenzhen Taoping Internet Tech. Co., Ltd. (Taoping)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntitySimilarEntityAggregationDescription', window );">Subsidiaries/VIE</a></td>
<td class="text">VIE<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage', window );">Percentage owned</a></td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_Location', window );">Location</a></td>
<td class="text">Shenzhen, China<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_IASPECBocomIoTTechCoLtdMember', window );">iASPEC Bocom IoT Tech Co Ltd [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_Entities', window );">Entities</a></td>
<td class="text">iASPEC Bocom IoT Tech. Co., Ltd. (Bocom)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntitySimilarEntityAggregationDescription', window );">Subsidiaries/VIE</a></td>
<td class="text">VIE<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage', window );">Percentage owned</a></td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_Location', window );">Location</a></td>
<td class="text">Shenzhen, China<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_Entities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Entities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_Entities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_Location">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Location.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_Location</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of the Variable Interest Entity's (VIE) voting interest owned by (or beneficial interest in) the reporting entity (directly or indirectly).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5A<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108788376&amp;loc=SL6759159-111685<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityOwnershipPercentage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntitySimilarEntityAggregationDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Describes how the entity aggregates Variable Interest Entities (VIE) for disclosure purposes, distinguishing between (a) VIEs that are not consolidated because the enterprise is not the primary beneficiary but has a variable interest and (b) VIEs that are consolidated.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108788376&amp;loc=SL6228884-111685<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableInterestEntitySimilarEntityAggregationDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_ChinaInformationTechnologyIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_ChinaInformationTechnologyIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_ChinaInformationTechnologyHoldingsLimitedMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_ChinaInformationTechnologyHoldingsLimitedMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_InformationSecurityTechInternationalCoLtdMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_InformationSecurityTechInternationalCoLtdMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_InformationSecurityTechChinaMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_InformationSecurityTechChinaMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_TopCloudSoftwareChinaCoLtdMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_TopCloudSoftwareChinaCoLtdMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_InformationSecurityIoTTechCoLtdMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_InformationSecurityIoTTechCoLtdMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_IASPECTechnologyGroupCoLtdMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_IASPECTechnologyGroupCoLtdMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_BiznestInternetTechCoLtdMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_BiznestInternetTechCoLtdMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_ShenzhenTaopingInternetTechCoLtdMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_ShenzhenTaopingInternetTechCoLtdMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_IASPECBocomIoTTechCoLtdMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_IASPECBocomIoTTechCoLtdMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6817474528">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details Narrative)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th">
<div>Jun. 30, 2018 </div>
<div>USD ($) </div>
<div>Number</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Jun. 30, 2017 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Dec. 31, 2017 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Dec. 31, 2016 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract', window );"><strong>Accounting Policies [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,043,874<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,327,865<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,260,808<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,752,375<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable', window );">Allowance for doubtful accounts</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,884,899<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,981,705<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,625,765<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized', window );">Recognized revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">736,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,379,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock based compensation expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 312,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 247,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments', window );">Number of reportable segments | Number</a></td>
<td class="nump">2<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For an unclassified balance sheet, a valuation allowance for receivables due a company that are expected to be uncollectible.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84173941&amp;loc=d3e5074-111524<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td>instant</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3044-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized that was previously included in balance of obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration from customer has been received or is due.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109196051&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of segments reported by the entity. A reportable segment is a component of an entity for which there is an accounting requirement to report separate financial information on that component in the entity's financial statements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of noncash, equity-based employee remuneration. This may include the value of stock or unit options, amortization of restricted stock or units, and adjustment for officers' compensation. As noncash, this element is an add back when calculating net cash generated by operating activities using the indirect method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<head>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6805338528">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Accounts Receivable (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract', window );"><strong>Accounting Policies [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableGrossCurrent', window );">Accounts Receivable</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 9,808,594<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 8,249,457<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent', window );">Allowance for doubtful accounts</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,884,899)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,981,705)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent', window );">Accounts Receivable &#8211; Net</a></td>
<td class="nump">6,923,695<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,267,752<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent', window );">Accounts Receivable-related parties</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,389,359<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,872,743<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract</td>
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<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableGrossCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amounts due from customers or clients, within one year of the balance sheet date (or the normal operating cycle, whichever is longer) for goods or services (including trade receivables) that have been delivered or sold in the normal course of business.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(5))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount due from customers or clients, within one year of the balance sheet date (or the normal operating cycle, whichever is longer), for goods or services (including trade receivables) that have been delivered or sold in the normal course of business, reduced to the estimated net realizable fair value by an allowance established by the entity of the amount it deems uncertain of collection.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109196051&amp;loc=SL49130549-203045<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of receivables arising from transactions with related parties due within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.3(a)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39622-107864<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39603-107864<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsReceivableRelatedPartiesCurrent</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A valuation allowance for trade and other receivables due to an Entity within one year (or the normal operating cycle, whichever is longer) that are expected to be uncollectible.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84173941&amp;loc=d3e5074-111524<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6791086240">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Allowance for Doubtful Accounts (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract', window );"><strong>Accounting Policies [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable', window );">Allowance for doubtful accounts, beginning</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,981,705<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,625,765<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivablePeriodIncreaseDecrease', window );">Increase in allowance for doubtful accounts</a></td>
<td class="nump">28,155<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">180,305<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_ForeignExchangeDifference', window );">Foreign exchange difference</a></td>
<td class="num">(74,446)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">175,635<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableRecoveries', window );">Amounts recovered during the period</a></td>
<td class="num">(50,515)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable', window );">Allowance for doubtful accounts, ending</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,884,899<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,981,705<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_ForeignExchangeDifference">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Foreign exchange difference.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_ForeignExchangeDifference</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For an unclassified balance sheet, a valuation allowance for receivables due a company that are expected to be uncollectible.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84173941&amp;loc=d3e5074-111524<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivablePeriodIncreaseDecrease">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in the allowance for doubtful accounts.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivablePeriodIncreaseDecrease</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableRecoveries">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of recoveries of receivables doubtful of collection that were previously charged off.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableRecoveries</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>55
<FILENAME>R46.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6809635088">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured On Recurring Basis (Details)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Dec. 31, 2017 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_WarrantsLiability', window );">Warrants liability</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,719<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue', window );">Total recurring fair value measurements</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,719<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis=us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember', window );">Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_WarrantsLiability', window );">Warrants liability</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis=us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember', window );">Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 1 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_WarrantsLiability', window );">Warrants liability</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis=us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember', window );">Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_WarrantsLiability', window );">Warrants liability</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis=us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember', window );">Fair Value, Measurements, Recurring [Member] | Level 3 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_WarrantsLiability', window );">Warrants liability</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_WarrantsLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Warrants liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_WarrantsLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of financial instrument classified as a liability measured using unobservable inputs that reflect the entity's own assumption about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99377789&amp;loc=d3e19207-110258<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis=us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis=us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>56
<FILENAME>R47.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6818781904">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Fair Value of Derivative Liability Related to Warrants (Details) - Valuation Technique, Option Pricing Model [Member] - Series A Warrants [Member]<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th">
<div>Dec. 31, 2017 </div>
<div>$ / shares</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueAxis=us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueOptionPricingModelMember', window );">Annual Volatility [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPercentages', window );">Fair value assumptions, measurement input, percentages</a></td>
<td class="nump">56.13%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueAxis=us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueOptionPricingModelMember', window );">Risk Free Interest Rate [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPercentages', window );">Fair value assumptions, measurement input, percentages</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.46%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueAxis=us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueOptionPricingModelMember', window );">Dividend Rate [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPercentages', window );">Fair value assumptions, measurement input, percentages</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueAxis=us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueOptionPricingModelMember', window );">Contractual Term [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputTerm', window );">Fair value assumptions, measurement input, term</a></td>
<td class="text">4 months 24 days<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueAxis=us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueOptionPricingModelMember', window );">Closing Price of ordinary Shares[Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPerShare', window );">Fair value assumptions, measurement input, per share</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.48<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueAxis=us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueOptionPricingModelMember', window );">Conversion/Exercise [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPerShare', window );">Fair value assumptions, measurement input, per share</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7.73<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value assumptions, measurement input, per share.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPercentages">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value assumptions, measurement input, percentages.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputPercentages</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputTerm">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value assumptions, measurement input, term.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_FairValueAssumptionsMeasurementInputTerm</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueAxis=us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueOptionPricingModelMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueAxis=us-gaap_ValuationTechniqueOptionPricingModelMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=TAOP_SeriesAWarrantsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=TAOP_SeriesAWarrantsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeAxis=us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeAxis=us-gaap_MeasurementInputPriceVolatilityMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeAxis=us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeAxis=us-gaap_MeasurementInputRiskFreeInterestRateMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeAxis=us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedDividendRateMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeAxis=us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedDividendRateMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeAxis=us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeAxis=us-gaap_MeasurementInputExpectedTermMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeAxis=TAOP_MeasurementInputClosingPriceMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeAxis=TAOP_MeasurementInputClosingPriceMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeAxis=us-gaap_MeasurementInputExercisePriceMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeAxis=us-gaap_MeasurementInputExercisePriceMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>57
<FILENAME>R48.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6818032544">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Estimated Useful Lives (Details)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th></tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=srt_OfficeBuildingMember', window );">Office Building [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life of property, pant and equipment</a></td>
<td class="text">20 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=srt_OfficeBuildingMember', window );">Office Building [Member] | Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life of property, pant and equipment</a></td>
<td class="text">50 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_PlantAndMachineryMember', window );">Plant and Machinery [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life of property, pant and equipment</a></td>
<td class="text">3 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_PlantAndMachineryMember', window );">Plant and Machinery [Member] | Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life of property, pant and equipment</a></td>
<td class="text">20 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_ElectronicsEquipmentFurnitureAndFixturesMember', window );">Electronics Equipment, Furniture and Fixtures [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life of property, pant and equipment</a></td>
<td class="text">3 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_ElectronicsEquipmentFurnitureAndFixturesMember', window );">Electronics Equipment, Furniture and Fixtures [Member] | Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life of property, pant and equipment</a></td>
<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_MotorVehiclesMember', window );">Motor Vehicles [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life of property, pant and equipment</a></td>
<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_PurchasedSoftwareMember', window );">Purchased Software [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life of property, pant and equipment</a></td>
<td class="text">3 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_PurchasedSoftwareMember', window );">Purchased Software [Member] | Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life of property, pant and equipment</a></td>
<td class="text">10 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_SoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember', window );">Software Development Costs [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life of intangible assets</a></td>
<td class="text">3 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_SoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember', window );">Software Development Costs [Member] | Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life of intangible assets</a></td>
<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_TrademarksMember', window );">Trademarks [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife', window );">Estimated useful life of intangible assets</a></td>
<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Useful life of finite-lived intangible assets, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Useful life of long lived, physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days. Examples include, but not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, furniture and fixtures, and computer equipment.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=srt_OfficeBuildingMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=srt_OfficeBuildingMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_PlantAndMachineryMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_PlantAndMachineryMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_ElectronicsEquipmentFurnitureAndFixturesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_ElectronicsEquipmentFurnitureAndFixturesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_MotorVehiclesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_MotorVehiclesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_PurchasedSoftwareMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_PurchasedSoftwareMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_SoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_SoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_TrademarksMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_TrademarksMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>58
<FILENAME>R49.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6800663520">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Schedule of Foreign Currency Translation (Details)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=TAOP_PeriodEndRMBMember', window );">Period-end RMB [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1', window );">Foreign Currency Exchange Rate, Translation</a></td>
<td class="nump">6.6205<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6.5084<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6.7780<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=TAOP_AverageYearlyRMBMember', window );">Average Yearly RMB [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1', window );">Foreign Currency Exchange Rate, Translation</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6.7561<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=TAOP_AverageSixMonthsRMBMember', window );">Average Six Months RMB [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1', window );">Foreign Currency Exchange Rate, Translation</a></td>
<td class="nump">6.3688<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6.8758<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Foreign exchange rate used to translate amounts denominated in functional currency to reporting currency.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6897108&amp;loc=SL6897125-166521<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyExchangeRateTranslation1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:pureItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=TAOP_PeriodEndRMBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=TAOP_PeriodEndRMBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=TAOP_AverageYearlyRMBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=TAOP_AverageYearlyRMBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=TAOP_AverageSixMonthsRMBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableRateAxis=TAOP_AverageSixMonthsRMBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>59
<FILENAME>R50.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6818761376">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Variable Interest Entity (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2008</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2007</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Net income/loss</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (168,219)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 20,264<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=TAOP_FirstInstallmentMember', window );">First Installment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromPreviousAcquisition', window );">Advanced amount in acquisition</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,400,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=TAOP_FirstInstallmentMember', window );">First Installment [Member] | RMB [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromPreviousAcquisition', window );">Advanced amount in acquisition</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 38,000,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=TAOP_SecondInstallmentMember', window );">Second Installment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromPreviousAcquisition', window );">Advanced amount in acquisition</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,400,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=TAOP_SecondInstallmentMember', window );">Second Installment [Member] | RMB [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromPreviousAcquisition', window );">Advanced amount in acquisition</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 38,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of Net Income (Loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4573702-111684<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4J<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84234705&amp;loc=SL4591551-111686<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromPreviousAcquisition">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cash inflow representing an adjustment to the purchase price of a previous acquisition.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3179-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromPreviousAcquisition</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=TAOP_FirstInstallmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=TAOP_FirstInstallmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchaneMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchaneMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=TAOP_SecondInstallmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=TAOP_SecondInstallmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>60
<FILENAME>R51.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6805910528">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Variable Interest Entity - Schedule of Variable Interest Entity of Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedAssetsCurrent', window );">Total current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,988,856<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 12,989,673<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_VariableInterestEntityPropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Property, plant and equipment</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,084,455<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,283,672<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_VariableInterestEntityIntangibleAssets', window );">Intangible assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">358,217<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">776,405<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedAssetsNoncurrent', window );">Non-current assets from discontinued operations</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountAssets', window );">Total assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">24,629,085<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">22,248,087<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_VariableInterestEntityIntercompanyPayable', window );">Intercompany payable to the WFOE</a></td>
<td class="nump">13,809,458<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,851,481<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Total current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">27,504,894<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28,571,686<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountLiabilities', window );">Total liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">27,504,894<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28,571,686<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountEquity', window );">Total equity</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (2,875,809)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (6,323,599)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Variable interest entity, equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_VariableInterestEntityIntangibleAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Intangible assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_VariableInterestEntityIntangibleAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_VariableInterestEntityIntercompanyPayable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Intercompany payable to WFOE.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_VariableInterestEntityIntercompanyPayable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_VariableInterestEntityPropertyPlantAndEquipment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Property, plant and equipment.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_VariableInterestEntityPropertyPlantAndEquipment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedAssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of consolidated variable interest entity's (VIE) assets, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (bb)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108788376&amp;loc=d3e5710-111685<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6839525&amp;loc=SL6758485-165988<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedAssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedAssetsNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of consolidated variable interest entity's (VIE) assets classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6839525&amp;loc=SL6758485-165988<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (bb)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108788376&amp;loc=d3e5710-111685<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedAssetsNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The carrying amount of the consolidated Variable Interest Entity's assets included in the reporting entity's statement of financial position.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (bb)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108788376&amp;loc=d3e5710-111685<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The carrying amount of the consolidated Variable Interest Entity's liabilities included in the reporting entity's statement of financial position.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (bb)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108788376&amp;loc=d3e5710-111685<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedCarryingAmountLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of consolidated variable interest entity's (VIE) liabilities classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6839525&amp;loc=SL6758485-165988<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (bb)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=108788376&amp;loc=d3e5710-111685<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityConsolidatedLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
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<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6800300176">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Disposal of Consolidated Entities (Details Narrative)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th">
<div>Dec. 31, 2016 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_DisposalofConsolidatedEntitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Disposal Of Consolidated Entities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfBusiness', window );">Loss on disposal of business</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 600,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_DisposalofConsolidatedEntitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_DisposalofConsolidatedEntitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfBusiness">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of gain (loss) from sale and disposal of integrated set of activities and assets capable of being conducted and managed for purpose of providing return in form of dividend, lower cost, or other economic benefit to investor, owner, member and participant.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109239629&amp;loc=SL4582445-111684<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfBusiness</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>62
<FILENAME>R53.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6805327072">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Details Narrative) - shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_WarrantMember', window );">Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Number of anti-dilutive shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">525,621<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">525,621<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=TAOP_StockOptionsMember', window );">Stock Options [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Number of anti-dilutive shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,973,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Securities (including those issuable pursuant to contingent stock agreements) that could potentially dilute basic earnings per share (EPS) or earnings per unit (EPU) in the future that were not included in the computation of diluted EPS or EPU because to do so would increase EPS or EPU amounts or decrease loss per share or unit amounts for the period presented.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_WarrantMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6805060208">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Earnings (Loss) Per Share - Schedule of Components of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract', window );"><strong>Earnings Per Share [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net income attributable to the Company</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,004,697<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 34,697<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic', window );">Weighted average outstanding ordinary shares-Basic</a></td>
<td class="nump">40,690,019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">40,231,159<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicForEmployees', window );">Weighted average outstanding ordinary shares-Basic - dilutive effect of stock options- employees</a></td>
<td class="nump">958,109<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicForNonEmployees', window );">Weighted average outstanding ordinary shares-Basic - dilutive effect of stock options- nonemployees</a></td>
<td class="nump">64,556<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding', window );">Weighted average outstanding ordinary shares- Diluted</a></td>
<td class="nump">41,712,684<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">40,231,159<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic', window );">Earnings per share: Basic</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.05<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted', window );">Earnings per share: Diluted</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.05<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average outstanding ordinary shares-Basic - dilutive effect of stock options- employees.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicForEmployees</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
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<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average outstanding ordinary shares-Basic - dilutive effect of stock options- nonemployees.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicForNonEmployees</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(19))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873790&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e1337-109256<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 52<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109256448&amp;loc=d3e4984-109258<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(21))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22694-107794<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e1252-109256<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(23))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873765&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 60B<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=SL5780133-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 52<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109256448&amp;loc=d3e4984-109258<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e1252-109256<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(23))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873765&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109234566&amp;loc=d3e22694-107794<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e1337-109256<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(21))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 60B<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=SL5780133-109256<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(19))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873790&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669619-108580<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873765&amp;loc=SL114874048-224260<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114867106&amp;loc=SL7669625-108580<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(18))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114873790&amp;loc=SL114874131-224263<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(20))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating diluted EPS or earnings per unit (EPU), determined based on the timing of issuance of shares or units in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e1505-109256<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of [basic] shares or units, after adjustment for contingently issuable shares or units and other shares or units not deemed outstanding, determined by relating the portion of time within a reporting period that common shares or units have been outstanding to the total time in that period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109260490&amp;loc=d3e1448-109256<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<DOCUMENT>
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<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6648119600">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Related Party Transactions (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenue, total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,364,033<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,732,064<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_RentalIncomeRelatedParty', window );">Rental income, related party</a></td>
<td class="nump">32,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=TAOP_ProductsRelatedPartiesMember', window );">Products - Related Parties [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenue, total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 6,755,247<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 994,446<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_RentalIncomeRelatedParty">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Rental income, related party.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_RentalIncomeRelatedParty</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Revenues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized from goods sold, services rendered, insurance premiums, or other activities that constitute an earning process. Includes, but is not limited to, investment and interest income before deduction of interest expense when recognized as a component of revenue, and sales and trading gain (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8933-108599<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Revenues</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=TAOP_ProductsRelatedPartiesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=TAOP_ProductsRelatedPartiesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6807922480">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Inventories (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetImpairmentCharges', window );">Impairments for obsolete inventories</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 33,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 165,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetImpairmentCharges">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of write-down of assets recognized in the income statement. Includes, but is not limited to, losses from tangible assets, intangible assets and goodwill.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109226348&amp;loc=d3e2420-110228<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetImpairmentCharges</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
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<TEXT>
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<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6803290000">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Inventories - Schedule of Inventories (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterialsAndSupplies', window );">Raw materials</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 74,208<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 74,736<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess', window );">Work in Process</a></td>
<td class="nump">13,268<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">13,497<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods', window );">Finished goods</a></td>
<td class="nump">601,267<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">472,594<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_InventoryCostOfProjects', window );">Cost of projects</a></td>
<td class="nump">162,649<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">297,951<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryGross', window );">Inventories, gross</a></td>
<td class="nump">851,392<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">858,778<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_AllowanceForSlowmovingOrObsoleteInventories', window );">Allowance for slow-moving or obsolete inventories</a></td>
<td class="num">(254,609)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(227,168)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet', window );">Inventories, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 596,783<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 631,610<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_AllowanceForSlowmovingOrObsoleteInventories">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Allowance for slow-moving or obsolete inventories.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_AllowanceForSlowmovingOrObsoleteInventories</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_InventoryCostOfProjects">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cost of projects.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_InventoryCostOfProjects</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before valuation and LIFO reserves of completed merchandise or goods expected to be sold within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoods</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Gross amount, as of the balance sheet date, of merchandise, goods, commodities, or supplies held for future sale or to be used in manufacturing, servicing or production process.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryGross</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after valuation and LIFO reserves of inventory expected to be sold, or consumed within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 330<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=68049868&amp;loc=d3e3927-108312<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterialsAndSupplies">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Gross amount of unprocessed materials to be used in manufacturing or production process and supplies that will be consumed.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a)(4),(5))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryRawMaterialsAndSupplies</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before valuation and LIFO reserves of merchandise or goods in the production process expected to be completed within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.6(a)(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6694708640">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Property Plant and Equipment (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract', window );"><strong>Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Depreciation', window );">Depreciation expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,508,141<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 920,710<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Depreciation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of expense recognized in the current period that reflects the allocation of the cost of tangible assets over the assets' useful lives. Includes production and non-production related depreciation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Depreciation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>68
<FILENAME>R59.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6817529200">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Property Plant and Equipment - Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross', window );">Property, plant and equipment, gross</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 28,481,884<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 27,932,386<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Less: accumulated depreciation</a></td>
<td class="num">(17,190,599)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(16,101,688)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Property, plant and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,291,285<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,830,698<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_OfficeBuildingsMember', window );">Office Buildings [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross', window );">Property, plant and equipment, gross</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,963,371<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,177,737<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_ElectronicsEquipmentFurnitureAndFixturesMember', window );">Electronics Equipment, Furniture and Fixtures [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross', window );">Property, plant and equipment, gross</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,328,333<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,422,706<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_MotorVehiclesMember', window );">Motor Vehicles [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross', window );">Property, plant and equipment, gross</a></td>
<td class="nump">304,400<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">333,769<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_PurchasedSoftwareMember', window );">Purchased Software [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross', window );">Property, plant and equipment, gross</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 11,885,780<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 10,998,174<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization for physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.14)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedDepreciationDepletionAndAmortizationPropertyPlantAndEquipment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
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<tr>
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<td>instant</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.13)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(14))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(8))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(13))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_ElectronicsEquipmentFurnitureAndFixturesMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=TAOP_MotorVehiclesMember</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6611720992">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Intangible Assets (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentForAmortization', window );">Amortization expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 430,462<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 400,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 820,468<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of recurring noncash expense charged against earnings in the period to allocate the cost of assets over their estimated remaining economic lives.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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</div></td></tr>
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td>duration</td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6816955888">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Intangible Assets - Schedule of Intangible Assets (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross', window );">Gross carrying amounts, beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,259,515<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,929,768<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,929,768<span></span>
</td>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss', window );">Gross carrying amounts, Foreign currency translation</a></td>
<td class="num">(89,104)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
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<td class="nump">329,747<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross', window );">Gross carrying amounts, ending balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,170,411<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,259,515<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization', window );">Accumulated amortization, beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,450,808<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,373,462<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,373,462<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentForAmortization', window );">Accumulated amortization, Amortization expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">430,462<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">400,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">820,468<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_AccumulatedAmortizationForeignCurrencyTranslation', window );">Accumulated amortization, Foreign currency translation</a></td>
<td class="num">(91,774)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">256,878<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization', window );">Accumulated amortization, ending balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,789,496<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,450,808<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill', window );">Total amortized intangible assets, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">380,915<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">808,707<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember', window );">Software and Software Development Costs [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross', window );">Gross carrying amounts, beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,315,870<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,045,285<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,045,285<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss', window );">Gross carrying amounts, Foreign currency translation</a></td>
<td class="num">(73,117)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">270,585<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross', window );">Gross carrying amounts, ending balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,242,753<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,315,870<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization', window );">Accumulated amortization, beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,539,466<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,537,736<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,537,736<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentForAmortization', window );">Accumulated amortization, Amortization expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">421,047<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">801,475<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_AccumulatedAmortizationForeignCurrencyTranslation', window );">Accumulated amortization, Foreign currency translation</a></td>
<td class="num">(75,977)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">200,255<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization', window );">Accumulated amortization, ending balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,884,536<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,539,466<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill', window );">Total amortized intangible assets, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">358,217<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_TrademarksMember', window );">Trademarks [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross', window );">Gross carrying amounts, beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">943,645<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">884,483<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">884,483<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss', window );">Gross carrying amounts, Foreign currency translation</a></td>
<td class="num">(15,987)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">59,162<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross', window );">Gross carrying amounts, ending balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">927,658<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">943,645<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization', window );">Accumulated amortization, beginning balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">911,342<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 835,726<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">835,726<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentForAmortization', window );">Accumulated amortization, Amortization expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,415<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,993<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_AccumulatedAmortizationForeignCurrencyTranslation', window );">Accumulated amortization, Foreign currency translation</a></td>
<td class="num">(15,797)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">56,623<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization', window );">Accumulated amortization, ending balance</a></td>
<td class="nump">904,960<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 911,342<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill', window );">Total amortized intangible assets, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 22,698<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_AccumulatedAmortizationForeignCurrencyTranslation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accumulated amortization, Foreign currency translation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_AccumulatedAmortizationForeignCurrencyTranslation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentForAmortization">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of recurring noncash expense charged against earnings in the period to allocate the cost of assets over their estimated remaining economic lives.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentForAmortization</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Accumulated amount of amortization of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of foreign currency translation gain (loss) which increases (decreases) assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before amortization of assets, excluding financial assets and goodwill, lacking physical substance with a finite life.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 928<br> -SubTopic 340<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6473545&amp;loc=d3e61844-108004<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sum of the carrying amounts of all intangible assets, excluding goodwill, as of the balance sheet date, net of accumulated amortization and impairment charges.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph ((a)(1),(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=66006027&amp;loc=d3e16323-109275<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6388964&amp;loc=d3e16212-109274<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_TrademarksMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis=us-gaap_TrademarksMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<DOCUMENT>
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<FILENAME>R62.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6642922320">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Bank Loans (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBankLoansAndNotesPayable', window );">Short-term bank loans</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,280,369<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,817,610<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtWeightedAverageInterestRate', window );">Weighted average interest rate, percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">6.51%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5.97%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebt', window );">Interest expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember', window );">Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod', window );">Borrowings, interest rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">5.66%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember', window );">Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod', window );">Borrowings, interest rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">6.74%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The average effective interest rate during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=114775744&amp;loc=d3e28551-108399<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.22(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentInterestRateDuringPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtWeightedAverageInterestRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average interest rate of debt outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtWeightedAverageInterestRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of the cost of borrowed funds accounted for as interest expense for debt.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109500613&amp;loc=SL6036836-161870<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.8)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestExpenseDebt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBankLoansAndNotesPayable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of borrowings from a bank classified as other, maturing within one year or operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.16)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShortTermBankLoansAndNotesPayable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>72
<FILENAME>R63.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6800346784">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Bank Loans - Schedule of Short-Term Bank Debt (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Debt Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SecuredDebt', window );">Secured short-term loans</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,280,369<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,817,610<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings', window );">Total short-term bank loans</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,280,369<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,817,610<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SecuredDebt">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date, including the current and noncurrent portions, of collateralized debt obligations (with maturities initially due after one year or beyond the operating cycle, if longer). Such obligations include mortgage loans, chattel loans, and any other borrowings secured by assets of the borrower.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(16))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SecuredDebt</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Reflects the total carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of debt having initial terms less than one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(19)(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(16)(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(13))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>73
<FILENAME>R64.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6806310736">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Bank Loans - Schedule of Secured Short-Term Bank Debt (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings', window );">Total short-term bank loans</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,280,369<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,817,610<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=TAOP_BankLoanOneMember', window );">Bank Loan 1 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings', window );">Total short-term bank loans</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">1,057,315<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,536,480<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=TAOP_BankLoanTwoMember', window );">Bank Loan 2 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings', window );">Total short-term bank loans</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">4,531,350<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,609,440<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=TAOP_BankLoanThreeMember', window );">Bank Loan 3 [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings', window );">Total short-term bank loans</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,691,704<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,671,690<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">High-tech Investment Company is an unrelated third party.</td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Reflects the total carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of debt having initial terms less than one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(19)(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(16)(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(13))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShortTermBorrowings</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=TAOP_BankLoanOneMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=TAOP_BankLoanOneMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=TAOP_BankLoanTwoMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=TAOP_BankLoanTwoMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=TAOP_BankLoanThreeMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShortTermDebtTypeAxis=TAOP_BankLoanThreeMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>74
<FILENAME>R65.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6805091072">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Taxes (Details Narrative)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th">
<div>Jun. 30, 2018 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Jun. 30, 2018 </div>
<div>CNY (&#165;)</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Dec. 31, 2017 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExaminationDescription', window );">Income tax examination, description</a></td>
<td class="text">On December 22, 2017, the U.S. government enacted comprehensive tax legislation commonly referred to as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Act"). The Act makes broad and complex changes to the U.S. tax code, including, but not limited to, (1) reducing the U.S. federal corporate tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations', window );">Corporate tax rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">21.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwards', window );">Net operating loss carry forward</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 9,100,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefits', window );">Unrecognized tax benefits</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_HighTechnologyEnterpriseMember', window );">High Technology Enterprise [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations', window );">Corporate tax rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">15.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=TAOP_BiznestMember', window );">Biznest [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations', window );">Corporate tax rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">12.50%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchangeMember', window );">RMB [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwards', window );">Net operating loss carry forward | &#165;</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">&#165; 57,700,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwardsExpirationDate', window );">Expiration date</a></td>
<td class="text">Dec. 31,  2022<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_HK', window );">Hong Kong [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_TaxProfits', window );">Tax profits</a></td>
<td class="nump">165.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_TaxProfits">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tax profits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_TaxProfits</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(h)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32698-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A brief description of status of the tax examination, significant findings to date, and the entity's position with respect to the findings.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (d)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32718-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxExaminationDescription</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of operating loss carryforward, before tax effects, available to reduce future taxable income under enacted tax laws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32559-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Expiration date of each operating loss carryforward included in operating loss carryforward, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32559-109319<br></p></div>
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<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of unrecognized tax benefits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10B<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84176650&amp;loc=SL37586934-109318<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 15A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=SL6600010-109319<br></p></div>
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<tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6806101568">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Taxes - Schedule of Income Before Income Taxes (Details)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="4">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th">
<div>Jun. 30, 2018 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Jun. 30, 2018 </div>
<div>CNY (&#165;)</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Jun. 30, 2017 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
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<th class="th">
<div>Jun. 30, 2017 </div>
<div>CNY (&#165;)</div>
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<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Total income (loss) before income taxes</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 886,528<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (1,031,067)<span></span>
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<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis=TAOP_PRCMember', window );">PRC [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Total income (loss) before income taxes | &#165;</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">&#165; 1,739,641<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">&#165; (600,524)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis=TAOP_OtherMember', window );">Other [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Total income (loss) before income taxes</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (853,113)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (430,543)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<div style="display: none;">
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (loss) from continuing operations, including income (loss) from equity method investments, before deduction of income tax expense (benefit), and income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6651184752">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Taxes - Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (benefit) (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
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<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2017</div></th>
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<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Current taxes</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (1,286,388)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (1,045,500)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Income tax benefit</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (1,286,388)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (1,045,500)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
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<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to taxable income (loss) from continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=34349781&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32639-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109238882&amp;loc=d3e38679-109324<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6611722496">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Taxes - Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate', window );">PRC statutory tax rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">25.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_ComputedExpectedIncomeTaxBenefitExpense', window );">Computed expected income tax (benefit) expense</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 221,632<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (257,767)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxHolidays', window );">Tax rate differential benefit from tax holiday</a></td>
<td class="num">(248,536)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,817<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxExemptIncome', window );">Permanent differences</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,447,813)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(930,476)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationDeductions', window );">Tax effect of deductible temporary differences not recognized</a></td>
<td class="num">(24,949)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(47,995)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpense', window );">Non-deductible tax loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">213,278<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">163,921<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Income tax benefit</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (1,286,388)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (1,045,500)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Computed expected income tax (benefit) expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of domestic federal statutory tax rate applicable to pretax income (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 6.I)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=34349781&amp;loc=d3e330036-122817<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32698-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115929826&amp;loc=d3e8736-108599<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109238882&amp;loc=d3e38679-109324<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to deductions. Including, but not limited to, extraterritorial income exclusion deduction, qualified production activity deduction, dividend deduction, deduction for dividend paid to employee stock ownership plan, Medicare prescription drug benefit subsidy deduction, and other deductions.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32698-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationDeductions</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to nondeductible expenses.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32698-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationNondeductibleExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxExemptIncome">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to income (loss) exempt from income taxes.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32698-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxExemptIncome</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxHolidays">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of the difference between reported income tax expense (benefit) and expected income tax expense (benefit) computed by applying the domestic federal statutory income tax rates to pretax income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to income exempt from income tax because of a tax holiday.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32698-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32687-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationTaxHolidays</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>78
<FILENAME>R69.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6818828816">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Taxes - Schedule of Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts', window );">Deferred tax assets, Allowance for doubtful accounts</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,142,987<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,188,831<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards', window );">Deferred tax assets, Loss carry-forwards</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,483,777<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,314,061<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsPropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Deferred tax assets, Fixed assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,084<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,937<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInventory', window );">Deferred tax assets, Inventory valuation</a></td>
<td class="nump">325,002<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">408,905<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsSalaryPayable', window );">Deferred tax assets, Salary payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,839<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,113<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsIntangibleAssets', window );">Deferred tax assets, Intangible assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">226,057<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">212,283<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGross', window );">Deferred tax assets, Gross</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,189,746<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,157,130<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance', window );">Deferred tax assets, Valuation allowance</a></td>
<td class="num">(3,078,350)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,048,203)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet', window );">Total deferred tax assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">111,396<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">108,927<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts', window );">Deferred tax liabilities, Allowance for doubtful accounts</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesLossCarryforwards', window );">Deferred tax liabilities, Loss carry-forwards</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Deferred tax liabilities, Fixed assets</a></td>
<td class="num">(243,913)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(243,728)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesDeferredExpenseCapitalizedInventoryCosts', window );">Deferred tax liabilities, Inventory valuation</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesSalaryPayable', window );">Deferred tax liabilities, Salary payable</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsIntangibleAssets', window );">Deferred tax liabilities, Intangible assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">132,517<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">134,801<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilities', window );">Deferred tax liabilities, Gross</a></td>
<td class="num">(111,396)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(108,927)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesValuationAllowance', window );">Deferred tax liabilities, Valuation allowance</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilities', window );">Total deferred tax liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (111,396)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (108,927)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Deferred tax assets, Allowance for doubtful accounts.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsIntangibleAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Deferred tax assets, Intangible assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsIntangibleAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsSalaryPayable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Deferred tax assets, Salary payable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_DeferredTaxAssetsSalaryPayable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Deferred tax liabilities, Allowance for doubtful accounts.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesAllowanceForDoubtfulAccounts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesLossCarryforwards">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Deferred tax liabilities, Loss carry-forwards.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesLossCarryforwards</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesSalaryPayable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Deferred tax liabilities, Salary payable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesSalaryPayable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesValuationAllowance">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Deferred tax liabilities, Valuation allowance.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesValuationAllowance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable temporary differences.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(26)(b))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(15)(b)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(15)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6876686&amp;loc=d3e534808-122878<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(26)(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGross</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInventory">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences from inventory.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32621-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32632-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115928272&amp;loc=d3e28680-109314<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInventory</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after allocation of valuation allowances and deferred tax liability, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible differences and carryforwards, without jurisdictional netting.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsLiabilitiesNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible operating loss carryforwards.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32621-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32632-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115928272&amp;loc=d3e28680-109314<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsOperatingLossCarryforwards</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsPropertyPlantAndEquipment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount before allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences from property, plant, and equipment.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsPropertyPlantAndEquipment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred tax assets for which it is more likely than not that a tax benefit will not be realized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after deferred tax asset, of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable differences without jurisdictional netting.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84176650&amp;loc=d3e31931-109318<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32537-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesDeferredExpenseCapitalizedInventoryCosts">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred tax consequences attributable to taxable temporary differences derived from inventory.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32632-109319<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115928272&amp;loc=d3e28680-109314<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32621-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesDeferredExpenseCapitalizedInventoryCosts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsIntangibleAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable temporary differences from intangible assets other than goodwill.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115928272&amp;loc=d3e28680-109314<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32621-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32632-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesGoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsIntangibleAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred tax liability attributable to taxable temporary differences from property, plant, and equipment.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115928272&amp;loc=d3e28680-109314<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32621-109319<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=84230637&amp;loc=d3e32632-109319<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesPropertyPlantAndEquipment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6643796560">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other Current and Non-Current Assets - Schedule of Other Current Assets (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredCostsCapitalizedPrepaidAndOtherAssetsDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_AdvancesToUnrelatedparties', window );">Advances to unrelated-parties</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,280<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,244,348<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_ReceivableFromSaleOfDepositOfLandUseRight', window );">Receivable from sale of the deposit of the land use right</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">3,267,532<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,323,843<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueFromEmployees', window );">Advances to employees</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">75,315<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">53,025<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReceivable', window );">Subsidy income receivable</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">40,489<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">147,632<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_InstallationContractDeposits', window );">Installation contract deposits</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[3]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">5,606<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,776<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_OtherCurrentAssets', window );">Other current assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">94,895<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">77,168<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,491,117<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,854,792<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%">
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">The advances to unrelated parties for business development, and are non-interest bearing.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[2]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">The Company planned to purchase land use rights in Dongguan City for expansion of operations in manufacturing and office building in 2010. Under the terms of the purchase agreement with Dongguan Fenggang Municipal Government (the "Local Government"), IST paid approximately $14.0 million (RMB 90.8 million) in total with the Local Government as security deposit for purchase of land use rights, which was refundable, if the Company was to terminate the agreement. In September 2016, the Company terminated the purchase agreement because of the shift of the Company's business strategy and transformation of the Company's business. The Company sold deposit receivable of approximately $13.0 million (RMB 90.2 million) without recourse to an unrelated party, Dongguan Dongyi Industrial Co., Ltd. ("Dongyi"), in a consideration of approximately $10.4 million (RMB 72.2 million) with an installment payment plan until December 31, 2019.For the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company received approximately $1.0 million from Dongyi. For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company received approximately an aggregate of $3.3 million from Dongyi. The transaction was governed by FASB ASC 860-20, Sales of Financial Assets. The Company recognized and recorded a loss of approximately $2.7 million from the sale in the consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2016.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[3]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">Deposits for installation contract are made from time-to-time by the Company to demonstrate the Company's capabilities in capital and resources in connection with bidding on certain projects. Such amounts are refundable upon completion of the bidding processes.</td>
</tr>
</table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_AdvancesToUnrelatedparties">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Advances to unrelated-parties.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_AdvancesToUnrelatedparties</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_InstallationContractDeposits">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Installation contract deposits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_InstallationContractDeposits</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Other current assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_OtherCurrentAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_ReceivableFromSaleOfDepositOfLandUseRight">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Receivable from sale of the deposit of the land use right.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_ReceivableFromSaleOfDepositOfLandUseRight</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredCostsCapitalizedPrepaidAndOtherAssetsDisclosureAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredCostsCapitalizedPrepaidAndOtherAssetsDisclosureAbstract</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DueFromEmployees">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For an unclassified balance sheet, amounts due from an Entity employee, not to include stockholders or officers.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39599-107864<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03.3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DueFromEmployees</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReceivable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying amount as of the balance sheet date of income taxes previously overpaid to tax authorities (such as U.S. Federal, state and local tax authorities) representing refunds of overpayments or recoveries based on agreed-upon resolutions of disputes. Also called income tax refund receivable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(8))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(10))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxReceivable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.8)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<DOCUMENT>
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<FILENAME>R71.htm
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<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6800322304">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other Current and Non-Current Assets - Schedule of Other Assets, Noncurrent (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredCostsCapitalizedPrepaidAndOtherAssetsDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_ReceivableFromSaleOfDepositOfLandUseRightNonCurrent', window );">Receivable from sale of the deposit of the land use right</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,269,967<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,326,319<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,269,967<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,326,319<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_ReceivableFromSaleOfDepositOfLandUseRightNonCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Receivable from sale of the deposit of the land use right, non current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_ReceivableFromSaleOfDepositOfLandUseRightNonCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredCostsCapitalizedPrepaidAndOtherAssetsDisclosureAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredCostsCapitalizedPrepaidAndOtherAssetsDisclosureAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncurrent assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
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<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6816730816">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other Current and Non-Current Assets - Schedule of Other Assets, Noncurrent (Details) (Parenthetical)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="3">6 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th">
<div>Jun. 30, 2018 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Jun. 30, 2018 </div>
<div>CNY (&#165;)</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Jun. 30, 2017 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Dec. 31, 2017 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Dec. 31, 2016 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Jun. 30, 2018 </div>
<div>CNY (&#165;)</div>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SecurityDeposit', window );">Security deposits</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 14,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromDepositsOnRealEstateSales', window );">Deposit receivable sold</a></td>
<td class="nump">13,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_PaymentOnDeposits', window );">Payment on deposits</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,400,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfOtherAssets1', window );">Proceeds from other assets</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfOtherAssets', window );">Loss on sale of other assets</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (103,965)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,700,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchangeMember', window );">RMB [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SecurityDeposit', window );">Security deposits | &#165;</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">&#165; 90,800,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromDepositsOnRealEstateSales', window );">Deposit receivable sold | &#165;</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">&#165; 90,200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_PaymentOnDeposits', window );">Payment on deposits | &#165;</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">&#165; 72,200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_PaymentOnDeposits">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Payment on deposits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_PaymentOnDeposits</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfOtherAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of gain (loss) on sale or disposal of other assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfOtherAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromDepositsOnRealEstateSales">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cash inflow related to amounts received in advance from a potential buyer showing or confirming an intention to complete an acquisition of land, buildings, other structures, or any item classified as real estate.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3179-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromDepositsOnRealEstateSales</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfOtherAssets1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow from the sale of other assets as part of operating activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfOtherAssets1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SecurityDeposit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of an asset, typically cash, provided to a counterparty to provide certain assurance of performance by the entity pursuant to the terms of a written or oral agreement, such as a lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.8,17)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SecurityDeposit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchangeMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis=TAOP_RMBCurrencyExchangeMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>82
<FILENAME>R73.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6806292832">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Warrant Liability (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">1 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>May 31, 2015</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Number of ordinary shares issued</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,102,484<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare', window );">Shares issued price per share</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 6.44<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights', window );">Warrants to purchase common stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,576,863<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants', window );">Fair value of warrant liability</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (3,720)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=TAOP_SeriesAWarrantMember', window );">Series A Warrant [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights', window );">Warrants to purchase common stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">525,621<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1', window );">Warrant exercise price</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7.73<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants', window );">Fair value of warrant liability</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Exercise price per share or per unit of warrants or rights outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(i)(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightExercisePriceOfWarrantsOrRights1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of securities into which the class of warrant or right may be converted. For example, but not limited to, 500,000 warrants may be converted into 1,000,000 shares.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(i)(2))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfSecuritiesCalledByWarrantsOrRights</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expense (income) related to adjustment to fair value of warrant liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 480<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109262497&amp;loc=d3e20148-110875<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Per share or per unit amount of equity securities issued.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of new stock issued during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=TAOP_SeriesAWarrantMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=TAOP_SeriesAWarrantMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>83
<FILENAME>R74.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6800364336">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Warrant Liability - Schedule of Warrants Outstanding and Exercisable (Details) - Series A Warrants [Member]<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th">
<div>Jun. 30, 2018 </div>
<div>$ / shares </div>
<div>shares</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber', window );">Number of warrants outstanding at beginning</a></td>
<td class="nump">525,621<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_WarrantExercisePrice', window );">Exercise Price | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7.73<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_WarrantsExpirationDate', window );">Expiration Date</a></td>
<td class="text">May 27,  2018<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber', window );">Number of warrants outstanding at ending</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_WarrantExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Exercise Price of warrants.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_WarrantExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_WarrantsExpirationDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Expiration date of warrant.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_WarrantsExpirationDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of non-vested equity-based payment instruments, excluding stock (or unit) options, that validly exist and are outstanding as of the balance sheet date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)(i)-(ii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=TAOP_SeriesAWarrantsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=TAOP_SeriesAWarrantsMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<DOCUMENT>
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6790869536">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Warrant Liability - Schedule of Changes in the Fair Value of Derivative Warrant Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilities', window );">Warrant liability at beginning</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,719<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants', window );">Adjustment resulting from the change in the fair value for the reporting period</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (3,720)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilities', window );">Warrant liability at ending</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=TAOP_SeriesAWarrantsMember', window );">Series A Warrants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilities', window );">Warrant liability at beginning</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,719<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants', window );">Adjustment resulting from the change in the fair value for the reporting period</a></td>
<td class="num">(3,719)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilities', window );">Warrant liability at ending</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value, after the effects of master netting arrangements, of a financial liability or contract with one or more underlyings, notional amount or payment provision or both, and the contract can be net settled by means outside the contract or delivery of an asset. Includes liabilities not subject to a master netting arrangement and not elected to be offset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=51824906&amp;loc=SL20225862-175312<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109250915&amp;loc=d3e13433-108611<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99393222&amp;loc=SL20226008-175313<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DerivativeLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expense (income) related to adjustment to fair value of warrant liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 480<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109262497&amp;loc=d3e20148-110875<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueAdjustmentOfWarrants</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=TAOP_SeriesAWarrantsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=TAOP_SeriesAWarrantsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>85
<FILENAME>R76.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6816665680">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other Payables and Accrued Expenses - Schedule of Other Payable and Accrued Expenses (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_AdvancesFromUnrelatedThirdparties', window );">Advances from unrelated third-parties</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 393,453<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 194,552<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TaxesPayableCurrent', window );">Other taxes payable</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">2,876,127<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,772,560<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsOther', window );">Unrecognized tax benefits</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[3]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">433,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">433,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent', window );">Accrued professional fees</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">88,464<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">158,747<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DueToEmployeesCurrent', window );">Amount due to employees</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[4]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">184,130<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">198,370<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">267,572<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">281,188<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities', window );">Other Payables and Accrued Expenses</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,242,749<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,038,417<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%">
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">The advances from unrelated parties are non-interest bearing and due on demand.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[2]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">The other taxes payable were the amounts due to the value added tax, business tax, city maintenance and construction tax, and individual income tax. The increase in other taxes payable was mainly attributed to reassessment of prior year's business tax, value added tax, land use tax, and other auxiliary taxes.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[3]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">The Unrecognized tax benefits refer to the land value added tax due to the sale of property, equipment, and land use rights in September 2015.</td>
</tr>
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[4]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">The amounts due to employees were pertaining to employee's out-of-pocket expenses for travel and meal allowance, etc.</td>
</tr>
</table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_AdvancesFromUnrelatedThirdparties">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Advances from unrelated third-parties.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_AdvancesFromUnrelatedThirdparties</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsOther">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Unrecognized tax benefits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsOther</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred through that date and payable for professional fees, such as for legal and accounting services received. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6911-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6935-107765<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedProfessionalFeesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DueToEmployeesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amounts due to employees, not to include stockholders or officers. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(k)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=26873400&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 850<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6457730&amp;loc=d3e39549-107864<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DueToEmployeesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities incurred and payable to vendors for goods and services received classified as other, and expenses incurred but not yet paid, payable within one year or the operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities classified as other, due within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6904-107765<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=82887183&amp;loc=d3e6911-107765<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesDisclosureAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesDisclosureAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TaxesPayableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable for statutory income, sales, use, payroll, excise, real, property and other taxes. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19,20)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TaxesPayableCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
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<DOCUMENT>
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6798273248">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Reserve and Distribution of Profit (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InsuranceAbstract', window );"><strong>Insurance [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_AnnualTaxProfits', window );">Annual tax profits</a></td>
<td class="nump">10.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_StatutoryReservePercentage', window );">Statutory reserve percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">50.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_GeneralReserve', window );">General reserve</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,800,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,800,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_AnnualTaxProfits">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Annual tax profits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_AnnualTaxProfits</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_GeneralReserve">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>General reserve.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_GeneralReserve</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_StatutoryReservePercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Statutory reserve percentage.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_StatutoryReservePercentage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InsuranceAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InsuranceAbstract</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<DOCUMENT>
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<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6821524992">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">1 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 07, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 17, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 27, 2016</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2015</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 04, 2013</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 31, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 31, 2015</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2016</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Ordinary shares, authorized</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Ordinary shares, value</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 124,646,996<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 123,950,544<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised', window );">Exercise of stock options granted</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">802,800<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodValue', window );">Common stock shares repurchase</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,100,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 9,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares', window );">Common stock shares repurchase, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,402,448<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,454,288<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15,814,328<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Retained earnings</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (170,390,549)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">104,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (172,395,246)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross', window );">Stock option to purchase common stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Sharebased compensation</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 312,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 247,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Weighted average fair value of options granted</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.59<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue', window );">Intrinsic value of stock options exercised</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">72,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedStockOptions', window );">Unrecognized compensation expense non-vested shares options expenses</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1', window );">Weighted average remaining vesting period</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">2 years 10 months 25 days<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_FairValueOfStockOptionVested', window );">Fair value of stock option vested</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingNumber', window );">Stock option vested, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,528,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Issuance of common stock, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,102,484<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock', window );">Proceeds from issuance of common stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 46,500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Administrative expense</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,780,694<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,269,973<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Stock option weighted average exercise price per shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.11<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.14<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2', window );">Stock option weighted average remaining life</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">3 years 4 months 24 days<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=TAOP_TwoThousandThirteenEquityIncentivePlanMember', window );">2013 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_OrdinarySharesDescription', window );">Ordinary shares description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">On September 11, 2013, the Board of Directors of the Company adopted the 2013 Equity Incentive Plan, or the 2013 Plan, pursuant to which, the Company may offer up to five million ordinary shares as equity incentives to its directors, employees and consultants. <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross', window );">Issaunace of restricted stock, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=TAOP_TwoThousandSixteenEquityIncentivePlanMember', window );">2016 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_FairValueOfStockOptionGrantDate', window );">Fair value of stock option grant date</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,600,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingNumber', window );">Stock option vested, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=TAOP_TwoThousandSixteenEquityIncentivePlanMember', window );">2016 Equity Incentive Plan [Member] | Administrative Expenses [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Sharebased compensation</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 202,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">227,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember', window );">Treasury Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationForfeited', window );">Ordinary shares was canceled</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,402,448<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis=TAOP_EmployeesAndConsultantsMember', window );">Employees and Consultants [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised', window );">Exercise of stock options granted</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">529,004<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis=TAOP_OfficersEmployeesMember', window );">Officers and Employees [Member] | 2013 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross', window );">Issaunace of restricted stock, shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,467,135<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis=TAOP_OfficersEmployeesMember', window );">Officers and Employees [Member] | 2016 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross', window );">Stock option to purchase common stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,712,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis=TAOP_EmployeesAndDirectorsMember', window );">Employees and Directors [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross', window );">Stock option to purchase common stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis=TAOP_EmployeesAndDirectorsMember', window );">Employees and Directors [Member] | 2016 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross', window );">Stock option to purchase common stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">960,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis=TAOP_EmployeesAndDirectorsMember', window );">Employees and Directors [Member] | 2016 Equity Incentive Plan [Member] | Administrative Expenses [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Sharebased compensation</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 88,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">20,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis=TAOP_ConsultantsMember', window );">Consultants [Member] | 2016 Equity Incentive Plan [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross', window );">Stock option to purchase common stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">250,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis=TAOP_NonEmployeesMember', window );">Non-employees [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised', window );">Exercise of stock options granted</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">50,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Administrative expense</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 22,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 96,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Stock option weighted average exercise price per shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.36<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2', window );">Stock option weighted average remaining life</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">2 years 6 months 14 days<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_FairValueOfStockOptionGrantDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of stock option grant date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_FairValueOfStockOptionGrantDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_FairValueOfStockOptionVested">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of stock option vested.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_FairValueOfStockOptionVested</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_OrdinarySharesDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Ordinary shares description.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_OrdinarySharesDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Excess of issue price over par or stated value of the entity's capital stock and amounts received from other transactions involving the entity's stock or stockholders. Includes adjustments to additional paid in capital. Some examples of such adjustments include recording the issuance of debt with a beneficial conversion feature and certain tax consequences of equity instruments awarded to employees. Use this element for the aggregate amount of additional paid-in capital associated with common and preferred stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only common stock, use the element additional paid in capital, common stock. For additional paid-in capital associated with only preferred stock, use the element additional paid in capital, preferred stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(1))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of common shares permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable common stock (or common stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable common shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedStockOptions">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Unrecognized cost of unvested options awarded to employees as compensation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedStockOptions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate total of expenses of managing and administering the affairs of an entity, including affiliates of the reporting entity, which are not directly or indirectly associated with the manufacture, sale or creation of a product or product line.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.4)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow from the additional capital contribution to the entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cumulative amount of the reporting entity's undistributed earnings or deficit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(3))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(4))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879938&amp;loc=d3e572229-122910<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of noncash, equity-based employee remuneration. This may include the value of stock or unit options, amortization of restricted stock or units, and adjustment for officers' compensation. As noncash, this element is an add back when calculating net cash generated by operating activities using the indirect method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of accumulated difference between fair value of underlying shares on dates of exercise and exercise price on options exercised (or share units converted) into shares.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodTotalIntrinsicValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Gross number of share options (or share units) granted during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average price at which grantees can acquire the shares reserved for issuance under the stock option plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(i)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of fully vested and expected to vest options outstanding that can be converted into shares under option plan. Includes, but is not limited to, unvested options for which requisite service period has not been rendered but that are expected to vest based on achievement of performance condition, if forfeitures are recognized when they occur.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (e)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average per share amount at which grantees can acquire shares of common stock by exercise of options.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average remaining contractual term for option awards outstanding, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (e)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average remaining contractual term for fully vested and expected to vest options outstanding, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days. Includes, but is not limited to, unvested options for which requisite service period has not been rendered but that are expected to vest based on achievement of performance condition, if forfeitures are recognized when they occur.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (e)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of new stock issued during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total number of shares issued during the period, including shares forfeited, as a result of Restricted Stock Awards.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesRestrictedStockAwardGross</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationForfeited">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares (or other type of equity) forfeited during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensationForfeited</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of share options (or share units) exercised during the current period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares that have been repurchased during the period and have not been retired and are not held in treasury. Some state laws may govern the circumstances under which an entity may acquire its own stock and prescribe the accounting treatment therefore. This element is used when state law does not recognize treasury stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodShares</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity impact of the value of stock that has been repurchased during the period and has not been retired and is not held in treasury. Some state laws may mandate the circumstances under which an entity may acquire its own stock and prescribe the accounting treatment therefore. This element is used when state law does not recognize treasury stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockRepurchasedDuringPeriodValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=TAOP_TwoThousandThirteenEquityIncentivePlanMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=TAOP_TwoThousandThirteenEquityIncentivePlanMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=TAOP_TwoThousandSixteenEquityIncentivePlanMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PlanNameAxis=TAOP_TwoThousandSixteenEquityIncentivePlanMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis=TAOP_EmployeesAndConsultantsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis=TAOP_EmployeesAndConsultantsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis=TAOP_OfficersEmployeesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis=TAOP_OfficersEmployeesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis=TAOP_EmployeesAndDirectorsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis=TAOP_EmployeesAndDirectorsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis=TAOP_ConsultantsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis=TAOP_ConsultantsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis=TAOP_NonEmployeesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis=TAOP_NonEmployeesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>88
<FILENAME>R79.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6806224384">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity - Schedule of Sharebased Payments Expense (Details) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount', window );">Employees and directors share-based payments</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 290,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 247,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_StockOptionsIssuedForServices', window );">Stock options issued for services</a></td>
<td class="nump">22,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Total share based payments expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 312,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 247,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_StockOptionsIssuedForServices">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Stock options issued for services.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_StockOptionsIssuedForServices</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Represents the compensation cost capitalized during the period arising from equity-based compensation arrangements (for example, shares of stock, units, stock options or other equity instruments) with employees, directors and certain consultants qualifying for treatment as employees.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (h)(1)(ii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquityAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquityAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of noncash, equity-based employee remuneration. This may include the value of stock or unit options, amortization of restricted stock or units, and adjustment for officers' compensation. As noncash, this element is an add back when calculating net cash generated by operating activities using the indirect method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109223946&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>89
<FILENAME>R80.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6651336240">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity - Summary of Assumption Used to Estimate the Fair Value of Share Options Granted (Details)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th">
<div>Jun. 30, 2017 </div>
<div>$ / shares</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharePrice', window );">Exercise price</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.99<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1', window );">Expected term</a></td>
<td class="text">3 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate', window );">Expected volatility</a></td>
<td class="nump">80.40%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate', window );">Expected dividend yield</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate', window );">Risk free interest rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.59%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice', window );">Fair Value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.59<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquityAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquityAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Agreed-upon price for the exchange of the underlying asset relating to the share-based payment award.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The estimated dividend rate (a percentage of the share price) to be paid (expected dividends) to holders of the underlying shares over the option's term.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)(iii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The estimated measure of the percentage by which a share price is expected to fluctuate during a period. Volatility also may be defined as a probability-weighted measure of the dispersion of returns about the mean. The volatility of a share price is the standard deviation of the continuously compounded rates of return on the share over a specified period. That is the same as the standard deviation of the differences in the natural logarithms of the stock prices plus dividends, if any, over the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)(ii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The risk-free interest rate assumption that is used in valuing an option on its own shares.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)(iv)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Price of a single share of a number of saleable stocks of a company.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Expected term of share-based compensation awards, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)(i)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 14.D.2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115993241&amp;loc=d3e301413-122809<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<head>
<title></title>
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6821549504">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity - Summary of Stock Option Activity (Details)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th">
<div>Jun. 30, 2018 </div>
<div>USD ($) </div>
<div>$ / shares </div>
<div>shares</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber', window );">Option Outstanding, Balance Beginning | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,918,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised', window );">Option Outstanding, Exercised | shares</a></td>
<td class="num">(802,800)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod', window );">Option Outstanding, Canceled | shares</a></td>
<td class="num">(61,000)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber', window );">Option Outstanding, Balance Ending | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,054,200<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingNumber', window );">Option Outstanding, Vested and expected to be vested | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,528,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber', window );">Option Outstanding, Options Exercisable | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">378,400<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Weighted Average Exercise Price, Beginning Balance | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.14<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Weighted Average Exercise Price, Exercised | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.21<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Weighted Average Exercise Price, Forfeited | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.15<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Weighted Average Exercise Price, Ending Balance | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.11<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Weighted Average Exercise Price, Vested and expected to be vested | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.08<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Weighted Average Exercise Price, Options Exercisable | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.99<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2', window );">Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years) Beginning</a></td>
<td class="text">3 years 4 months 24 days<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1', window );">Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years) Ending</a></td>
<td class="text">2 years 10 months 25 days<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1', window );">Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years) Vested and expected to be vested</a></td>
<td class="text">2 years 10 months 25 days<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1', window );">Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (Years) Options exercisable</a></td>
<td class="text">2 years 10 months 25 days<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue', window );">Aggregated Intrinsic Value, Outstanding Beginning | $</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 996,860<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue', window );">Aggregated Intrinsic Value, Outstanding Ending | $</a></td>
<td class="nump">390,358<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingAggregateIntrinsicValue', window );">Aggregated Intrinsic Value, Vested and expected to be vested | $</a></td>
<td class="nump">332,440<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1', window );">Aggregated Intrinsic Value, Options exercisable | $</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 116,776<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average remaining contractual term for option awards outstanding, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquityAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquityAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of shares into which fully or partially vested stock options outstanding as of the balance sheet date can be currently converted under the option plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The weighted-average price as of the balance sheet date at which grantees can acquire the shares reserved for issuance on vested portions of options outstanding and currently exercisable under the stock option plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of shares under options that were cancelled during the reporting period as a result of occurrence of a terminating event specified in contractual agreements pertaining to the stock option plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(3)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount by which the current fair value of the underlying stock exceeds the exercise price of options outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of options outstanding, including both vested and non-vested options.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(i)-(ii)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average price at which grantees can acquire the shares reserved for issuance under the stock option plan.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(i)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingAggregateIntrinsicValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount by which current fair value of underlying stock exceeds exercise price of fully vested and expected to vest options outstanding. Includes, but is not limited to, unvested options for which requisite service period has not been rendered but that are expected to vest based on achievement of performance condition, if forfeitures are recognized when they occur.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingAggregateIntrinsicValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of fully vested and expected to vest options outstanding that can be converted into shares under option plan. Includes, but is not limited to, unvested options for which requisite service period has not been rendered but that are expected to vest based on achievement of performance condition, if forfeitures are recognized when they occur.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (e)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted-average exercise price, at which grantee can acquire shares reserved for issuance, for fully vested and expected to vest options outstanding. Includes, but is not limited to, unvested options for which requisite service period has not been rendered but that are expected to vest based on achievement of performance condition, if forfeitures are recognized when they occur.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (e)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average price at which option holders acquired shares when converting their stock options into shares.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average price at which grantees could have acquired the underlying shares with respect to stock options that were terminated.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of difference between fair value of the underlying shares reserved for issuance and exercise price of vested portions of options outstanding and currently exercisable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average remaining contractual term for vested portions of options outstanding and currently exercisable or convertible, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average remaining contractual term for option awards outstanding, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents the reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (e)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm2</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average remaining contractual term for fully vested and expected to vest options outstanding, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days. Includes, but is not limited to, unvested options for which requisite service period has not been rendered but that are expected to vest based on achievement of performance condition, if forfeitures are recognized when they occur.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (e)(1)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedAndExpectedToVestOutstandingWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of share options (or share units) exercised during the current period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=27012166&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109259400&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>91
<FILENAME>R82.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6798090656">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity - Schedule of Nonvested Share Activity (Details)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th">
<div>Jun. 30, 2018 </div>
<div>$ / shares </div>
<div>shares</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedNumberOfShares', window );">Options Non-vested, Begining | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,112,800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedNumberOfShares', window );">Options Vested | shares</a></td>
<td class="num">(376,000)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedOptionsForfeitedNumberOfShares', window );">Options Canceled | shares</a></td>
<td class="num">(61,000)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedNumberOfShares', window );">Options Non-vested, Ending | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,675,800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Non-Vested Begining Balance | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.70<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Vested | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.59<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedOptionsForfeitedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Canceled | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">0.73<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue', window );">Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value, Non-Vested Ending Balance | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.72<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquityAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquityAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedNumberOfShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of non-vested options outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedNumberOfShares</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedOptionsForfeitedNumberOfShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of non-vested options forfeited.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedOptionsForfeitedNumberOfShares</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedOptionsForfeitedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average grant-date fair value of non-vested options forfeited.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedOptionsForfeitedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average grant-date fair value of non-vested options outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedNumberOfShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of options vested.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedNumberOfShares</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average grant-date fair value of options vested.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsVestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>92
<FILENAME>R83.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6807071088">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity - Schedule of Stock Options Outstanding and Exercisable (Details)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th">
<div>Jun. 30, 2018 </div>
<div>$ / shares </div>
<div>shares</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross', window );">Number of Options Outstanding | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">200,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Exercise Price | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.21<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingOneMember', window );">2017 Service Agreement Options (Marketing) One [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross', window );">Number of Options Outstanding | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">50,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Exercise Price | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.29<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate', window );">Expiration Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Oct. 31,  2020<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingTwoMember', window );">2017 Service Agreement Options (Marketing) Two [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross', window );">Number of Options Outstanding | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">50,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Exercise Price | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.63<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate', window );">Expiration Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Nov. 30,  2020<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingThreeMember', window );">2017 Service Agreement Options (Marketing) Three [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross', window );">Number of Options Outstanding | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">50,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Exercise Price | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.48<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate', window );">Expiration Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Dec. 31,  2020<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=TAOP_TwoThousandConsultingServiceAgreementOptionsMember', window );">2017 Consulting Service Agreement Options [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross', window );">Number of Options Outstanding | shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">50,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice', window );">Exercise Price | $ / shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.02<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate', window );">Expiration Date</a></td>
<td class="text">May 27,  2021<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date the equity-based award expires, in CCYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109197908&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardExpirationDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Gross number of share options (or share units) granted during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodGross</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average price at which option holders acquired shares when converting their stock options into shares.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingOneMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingOneMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingTwoMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingTwoMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingThreeMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=TAOP_TwoThousandSeventeenServiceAgreementOptionsMarketingThreeMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=TAOP_TwoThousandConsultingServiceAgreementOptionsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=TAOP_TwoThousandConsultingServiceAgreementOptionsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<DOCUMENT>
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6798029232">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Commitments and Contingencies (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet', window );">Rental expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 42,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_TAOP_ProbabilityPercentageOfSales', window );">Probability percentage of sales</a></td>
<td class="nump">50.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember', window );">Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LossOnContracts', window );">Possible loss on contracts</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember', window );">Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LossOnContracts', window );">Possible loss on contracts</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_TAOP_ProbabilityPercentageOfSales">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Probability percentage of sales.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">TAOP_ProbabilityPercentageOfSales</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>TAOP_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LossOnContracts">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Losses recognized in the current period on contracts which are expected to generate losses, which are probable and can be reasonably estimated, in a future period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.2)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=115205541&amp;loc=SL114868664-224227<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 605<br> -SubTopic 35<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=68068069&amp;loc=d3e57763-111642<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LossOnContracts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Rental expense for the reporting period incurred under operating leases, including minimum and any contingent rent expense, net of related sublease income.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 840<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=77902758&amp;loc=d3e41499-112717<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeasesRentExpenseNet</td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember</td>
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<DOCUMENT>
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6807070992">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Concentrations (Details Narrative)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">6 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2017</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 31, 2017</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis=us-gaap_SalesRevenueNetMember', window );">Sales Revenue, Net [Member] | Top Five Customers [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskPercentage1', window );">Concentration of risk percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">29.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">75.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis=us-gaap_SalesRevenueNetMember', window );">Sales Revenue, Net [Member] | Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskPercentage1', window );">Concentration of risk percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">10.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis=us-gaap_SalesRevenueNetMember', window );">Sales Revenue, Net [Member] | Minimum [Member] | Three Customer [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskPercentage1', window );">Concentration of risk percentage</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis=us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember', window );">Accounts Receivable [Member] | Top Five Customers [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskPercentage1', window );">Concentration of risk percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">33.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">46.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis=us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember', window );">Accounts Receivable [Member] | Minimum [Member] | Customer One [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskPercentage1', window );">Concentration of risk percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">10.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis=us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember', window );">Accounts Receivable [Member] | Minimum [Member] | Customer Two [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskPercentage1', window );">Concentration of risk percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">10.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10.00%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskPercentage1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For an entity that discloses a concentration risk in relation to quantitative amount, which serves as the "benchmark" (or denominator) in the equation, this concept represents the concentration percentage derived from the division.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 18<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99393423&amp;loc=d3e6351-108592<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109250915&amp;loc=d3e13531-108611<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 21<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=109250915&amp;loc=d3e13537-108611<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 275<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=99393423&amp;loc=d3e6404-108592<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskPercentage1</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>num:percentItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis=us-gaap_SalesRevenueNetMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_MajorCustomersAxis=TAOP_TopFiveCustomersMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_MajorCustomersAxis=TAOP_ThreeCustomerMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_MajorCustomersAxis=TAOP_ThreeCustomerMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis=us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ConcentrationRiskByBenchmarkAxis=us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_MajorCustomersAxis=TAOP_CustomerOneMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_MajorCustomersAxis=TAOP_CustomerOneMember</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_MajorCustomersAxis=TAOP_CustomerTwoMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_MajorCustomersAxis=TAOP_CustomerTwoMember</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
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<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
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<span style="display: none;">v3.10.0.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idp6818708976">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Subsequent Events (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">1 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Sep. 07, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Nov. 30, 2018</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>May 31, 2015</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare', window );">Shares issued price per share</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 6.44<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis=us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember', window );">Subsequent Event [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction', window );">Sale of transaction during period</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis=TAOP_InvestorsMember', window );">Investors [Member] | Subsequent Event [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction', window );">Sale of transaction during period</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare', window );">Shares issued price per share</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1.50<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction', window );">Number of shares issued during period, values</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,000,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TitleOfIndividualAxis=TAOP_JianghuaiLinMember', window );">Jianghuai Lin [Member] | Subsequent Event [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction', window );">Sale of transaction during period</a></td>
<td class="nump">500,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cash received on stock transaction after deduction of issuance costs.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The number of shares issued or sold by the subsidiary or equity method investee per stock transaction.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SaleOfStockNumberOfSharesIssuedInTransaction</td>
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<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Per share or per unit amount of equity securities issued.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SharesIssuedPricePerShare</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
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<td>num:perShareItemType</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis=us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
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<TYPE>EXCEL
<SEQUENCE>96
<FILENAME>Financial_Report.xlsx
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
