<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001171843-25-001717.txt : 20250326
<SEC-HEADER>0001171843-25-001717.hdr.sgml : 20250326
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20250326110126
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001171843-25-001717
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	6-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		10
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20241231
FILED AS OF DATE:		20250326
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20250326

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			XORTX Therapeutics Inc.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001729214
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	03 Life Sciences
		EIN:				000000000
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			A1
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		6-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-40858
		FILM NUMBER:		25770727

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		SUITE 2400 - 745 THURLOW STREET
		CITY:			VANCOUVER
		STATE:			A1
		ZIP:			V6E 0C5
		BUSINESS PHONE:		403-607-2621

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		SUITE 2400 - 745 THURLOW STREET
		CITY:			VANCOUVER
		STATE:			A1
		ZIP:			V6E 0C5
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>6-K
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>f6k_032625.htm
<DESCRIPTION>FORM 6-K
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; margin: 0pt 0"><B>UNITED STATES<BR>
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</B><BR>
<B>Washington, D.C. 20549</B><BR>
<BR>
<B>Form 6-K</B><BR>
<BR>
<B>REPORT OF FOREIGN PRIVATE ISSUER PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-16 OR 15d-16<BR>
UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934</B><BR>
<BR>
</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0"><B>For the month of March 2025</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Commission File Number: 001-40858</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; margin: 0pt 0"><B>XORTX Therapeutics Inc. </B><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>3710 &ndash; 33<SUP>rd</SUP> Street NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2L 2M1</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual
reports under cover Form 20-F or Form 40-F.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Form 20-F &timesb; Form 40-F </FONT><FONT STYLE="font-size: 12pt">&square;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0"><B></B></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><B>SIGNATURE</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the
registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt">
  <TR>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(Registrant) </FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 46%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 6%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 35%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 7%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Date: </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">March 25, 2025</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">By: </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>/s/ Allen Davidoff</I></FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; border-top: Black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Name: </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; border-top: Black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Allen Davidoff </FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Title: </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0">Chief Executive Officer</P>
    <P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0"></P>
    <P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0"></P></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U></U></B></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B><U>EXHIBIT INDEX</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; width: 9%"><A HREF="exh_991.htm">99.1</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; width: 91%"><A HREF="exh_991.htm">Consolidated Financial Statements for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</A></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: middle">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><A HREF="exh_992.htm">99.2</A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="exh_992.htm">Management Discussion and Analysis for the year ended December 31, 2024</A></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99.1
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>exh_991.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 99.1
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="text-align: right; margin: 0"><B>Exhibit 99.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; margin: 0 0 10pt; color: Red"><IMG SRC="logo.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; margin: 0 0 4pt"><FONT STYLE="text-transform: uppercase"><B>As at and for the years ended
December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; margin: 0 0 10pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 10pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B><IMG SRC="davidsonhdr.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0"><B></B>To the Shareholders and Directors of</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">XORTX Therapeutics Inc.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">We have audited the accompanying consolidated statement of
financial position of XORTX Therapeutics Inc. (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;) as of December 31, 2024, and the related consolidated statements
of loss and comprehensive loss, changes in shareholders&rsquo; equity, and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2024, and the related
notes (collectively referred to as the &ldquo;financial statements&rdquo;). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in
all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2024, and the results of its operations and its cash flows
for the year ended December 31, 2024, in conformity with IFRS Accounting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards
Board (&ldquo;IFRS&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">The financial statements of the Company for the years ended
December 31, 2023 and 2022, were audited by other auditors, whose report dated April 1, 2024, expressed an unqualified opinion on those
statements. We have also audited the adjustments to retrospectively apply the change in accounting policy described in Notes 3 and 12
to the financial statements. In our opinion, the retrospective adjustments are appropriate and have been properly applied. Additionally,
as discussed in Note 12(h), the December 31, 2022 statement of cash flows has been revised to correct certain immaterial misstatements.
We have audited the revision described in Note 12(h) to the statement of cash flows. In our opinion, such revisions are appropriate and
have been properly applied. We were not engaged to audit, review, or apply any procedures to the December 31, 2023 and 2022 financial
statements other than with respect to the adjustments and revision above and, accordingly, we do not express an opinion on any other form
of assurance on the December 31, 2023 and 2022 financial statements as a whole.</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 5.7pt 0pt 6pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Going Concern</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that the entity will continue
as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, the Company has suffered recurring losses from operations that
raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management's plans in regard to these matters are also described
in Note 1. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Basis for Opinion</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company&rsquo;s
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company&rsquo;s financial statements based on our audit. We are a public
accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (&ldquo;PCAOB&rdquo;) and are required to
be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations
of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of
the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements
are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform,
an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audit we are required to obtain an understanding of internal
control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company&rsquo;s internal
control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.</P>
<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B><IMG SRC="davidsonftr.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 79px; width: 350px"></B></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt">Our audit included performing procedures to assess the
risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those
risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.
Our audit also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating
the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt">We have served as the Company&rsquo;s auditor since 2025.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><B>/s/ DAVIDSON &amp; COMPANY LLP</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0"><B></B></P><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; font-size: 10pt; width: 50%">Vancouver, Canada</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 49%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">Chartered Professional Accountants</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">March 21, 2025</P>
<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><B><IMG SRC="smythelogo.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 52px; width: 235px">&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC
ACCOUNTING FIRM</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-indent: 57.8pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-indent: 0pt">TO THE SHAREHOLDERS AND DIRECTORS OF XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-indent: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-indent: 0pt"><I>Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements</I></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">We have audited, before the effects of the adjustments for
the change in accounting policy and the revision of previously issued financial statements as described in Note 12, the accompanying consolidated
statement of financial position of Xortx Therapeutics Inc. (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;) and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2023, and
the related consolidated statements of comprehensive loss, changes in shareholders&rsquo; equity and cash flows for the years ended December
31, 2023 and 2022, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the &quot;consolidated financial statements&quot;). In our opinion,
the consolidated financial statements, before the effects of the adjustments for the change in accounting policy and the revision of previously
issued financial statements as described in Note 12, present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as
of December 31, 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, in conformity
with IFRS Accounting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">We were not engaged to audit, review, or apply any procedures
to the adjustments for the change in accounting policy and the revision of previously issued financial statements as described in Note
12 and accordingly, we do not express an opinion or make any other form of assurance about whether the adjustments are appropriate and
have been properly applied. Those adjustments were audited by the successor auditor.</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><B><I>Basis for Opinion</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility
of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's consolidated financial statements based on our
audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (&ldquo;PCAOB&rdquo;)
and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable
rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of
the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial
statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged
to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding
of internal control over financial reporting, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company&rsquo;s
internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.</P>
<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;<IMG SRC="smytheftr.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 100px; width: 650px"></B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><B><IMG SRC="smythelogo.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 52px; width: 235px"></B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks
of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond
to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated
financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management,
as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable
basis for our opinion.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><B><I>Critical Audit Matters</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Critical audit matters are matters arising from the current period
audit of the consolidated financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that
(1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially
challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. We determined that there are no critical audit matters.</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">We have served as the Company's auditor since 2018.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="smythesig.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 35px; width: 125px"></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Chartered Professional Accountants</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Vancouver, Canada</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">April 1, 2024</P>
<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;<IMG SRC="smytheftr.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 100px; width: 650px"></B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B></B></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>Consolidated Statements of Financial Position</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><B></B></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Note</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31, <BR>2024</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31, <BR>2023</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">Current</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; width: 63%; font-size: 10pt">Cash</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">5</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2,473,649</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3,447,665</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Accounts receivable</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">17,637</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">60,711</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Prepaid expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">6</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">185,412</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">236,966</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Deferred share issuance costs</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">12</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">323,441</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Total Current Assets</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,676,698</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">4,068,783</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">Non-current</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Contract payments</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">7</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,200,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,200,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Intangible assets</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">8</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">183,108</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">175,254</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Property and equipment</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">9</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">34,721</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">23,927</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Total Assets</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">4,094,527</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">5,467,964</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">Current</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Accounts payable and accrued liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">10,13</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">147,205</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">283,428</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Derivative warrant liability</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">12(h)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">572,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">531,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Lease obligation</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">11</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">38,785</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">11,510</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Total Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">757,990</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">825,938</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Shareholders&rsquo; Equity</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Share capital</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">12</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">18,493,571</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">17,056,535</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Reserves</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">12</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">6,039,078</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">5,468,257</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Obligation to issue shares</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">8(c)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">24,746</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">24,746</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(52,605</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(52,605</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Accumulated deficit</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(21,168,253</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(17,854,907</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Total Shareholders&rsquo; Equity</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">3,336,537</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">4,642,026</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Total Liabilities and Shareholders&rsquo; Equity</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">4,094,527</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">5,467,964</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">Nature of operations and going concern (Note 1)</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">Commitments (Note 17)</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">Subsequent events (Note 19)</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 10pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 44%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><I>/s/ &ldquo;Allen Davidoff&rdquo;</I></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 12%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 44%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><I>/s/ &ldquo;Paul Van Damme&rdquo;</I></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt">Director</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt">Director</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0 0 0pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0pt; font-size: 10pt"></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.</P>
<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 10pt; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B></B></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0pt; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0pt; font-size: 10pt"></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>Consolidated Statements of Loss and Comprehensive Loss </B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Note</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2024</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2023</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>2022</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">Expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Research and development</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">13</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">183,830</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2,418,715</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">6,761,818</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Consulting, wages and benefits</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">13</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,055,247</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,037,558</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">885,460</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Directors&rsquo; fees</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">13</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">168,143</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">179,406</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">122,572</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Investor relations</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,360,170</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">919,490</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">928,424</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Professional fees</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">13</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">616,859</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">514,263</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">454,071</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">General and administrative</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">320,949</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">375,505</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">448,824</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Public company costs</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">141,404</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">170,184</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">120,813</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Travel</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">31,916</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">170,187</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">22,538</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Amortization of property and equipment</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">9</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">86,204</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">73,062</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">41,069</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Amortization of intangible assets</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">8</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">31,070</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">66,632</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">17,077</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Share-based payments</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">12(g),13</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">122,527</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">120,984</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">487,940</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Loss before other items</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(4,118,319</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(6,045,986</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(10,290,606</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Fair value adjustment on derivative warrant liability</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">12(h)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,035,105</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3,641,403</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3,396,137</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Foreign exchange loss</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(73,009</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(7,025</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(1,546</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Interest income</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">121,908</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">253,543</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">103,589</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Transaction costs on derivative warrant liability</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">12(b)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(279,031</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(926,456</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Net loss for the year</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(3,313,346</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(2,158,065</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(7,718,882</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Other comprehensive loss:</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-style: italic; text-align: left">Items that may be subsequently reclassified to profit or loss:</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Currency translation differences</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(128,145</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">Total loss and comprehensive loss for the year</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(3,313,346</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(2,158,065</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(7,847,027</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">Basic and diluted loss per common share</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(1.15</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(1.09</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(5.22</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">Weighted average number of common shares outstanding - <BR>Basic and diluted</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2,878,514</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,981,734</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,479,914</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>


<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0 0 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0pt; font-size: 10pt"></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">The accompanying notes are an integral
part of these consolidated financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0pt; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></DIV>
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<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0pt; font-size: 10pt"></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders&rsquo; Equity </B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0 0 0pt"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Number of common shares</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Share <BR>capital</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Reserves</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Obligation to issue shares</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Accumulated Deficit</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Total</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 37%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">Balance, December 31, 2021</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 6%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,443,293</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 6%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">16,088,677</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 6%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">4,991,594</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 6%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">24,746</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 6%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(7,977,960</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 6%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">75,540</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 6%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">13,202,597</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Shares issued pursuant to public offering</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">155,555</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">359,868</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">359,868</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Pre-funded warrants issued</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">925,015</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">925,015</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Share issuance costs</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(88,959</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(42,687</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(131,646</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Pre-funded warrants exercised</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">71,223</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">164,768</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(164,704</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">64</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Share-based payments</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">487,940</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">487,940</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Comprehensive loss for the year</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(7,718,882</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(128,145</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(7,847,027</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">Balance, December 31, 2022</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,670,071</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">16,524,354</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">6,197,158</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">24,746</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(15,696,842</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(52,605</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">6,996,811</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Reclassification of derivative warrant liability</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(318,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(318,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Pre-funded warrants exercised</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">328,777</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">532,181</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(531,885</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">296</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Share-based payments</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">120,984</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">120,984</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Comprehensive loss for the year</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(2,158,065</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(2,158,065</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">Balance, December 31, 2023</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,998,848</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">17,056,535</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">5,468,257</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">24,746</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(17,854,907</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(52,605</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">4,642,026</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Shares issued pursuant to private placement</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,219,717</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,387,549</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,387,549</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Pre-funded warrants issued</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">907,994</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">907,994</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Reclassification of derivative warrant liability</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">123,651</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">123,651</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Share issuance costs</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(331,541</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(224,140</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(555,681</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Pre-funded warrants exercised</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">257,810</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">359,214</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(359,211</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Warrants exercised</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">5,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">21,814</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">21,814</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Share-based payments</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">122,527</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">122,527</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Comprehensive loss for the year</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(3,313,346</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(3,313,346</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">Balance, December 31, 2024</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">3,481,375</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">18,493,571</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">6,039,078</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">24,746</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(21,168,253</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(52,605</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">3,336,537</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">The accompanying notes are an integral
part of these consolidated financial statements.</FONT></P>
<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></DIV>
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<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>
<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2024</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2023</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"><B>&nbsp;</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"><B>2022<BR>
Revised<SUP>1</SUP></B></P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"><SUP>&nbsp;</SUP></P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Cash provided by (used in):</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Operating activities</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; width: 73%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Net loss for the year</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 6%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(3,313,346</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 6%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(2,158,065</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 6%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(7,718,882</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Items not affecting cash:</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 20pt; font-size: 10pt">Amortization</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">117,274</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">139,694</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">58,146</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 20pt; font-size: 10pt">Fair value adjustment on derivative warrant liability</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(1,035,105</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(3,641,403</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(3,396,137</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 20pt; font-size: 10pt">Fair value of finders&rsquo; warrants allocated to derivative liability</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">138,005</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 20pt; font-size: 10pt">Share-based payments</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">122,527</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">120,984</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">487,940</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 20pt; font-size: 10pt">Transaction costs on derivative warrant liability</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">279,031</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">797,598</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 20pt; font-size: 10pt">Unrealized foreign exchange (gain) loss</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">34,178</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(13,634</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(6,391</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Changes in non-cash operating assets and liabilities:</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 20pt; font-size: 10pt">Accounts receivable</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">43,074</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">21,041</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(41,098</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 20pt; font-size: 10pt">Prepaid expenses</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">208,166</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">142,654</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">622,595</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 20pt; font-size: 10pt">Accounts payable and accrued liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(134,447</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(1,194,436</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">892,265</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(3,678,648</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(6,583,165</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(8,165,959</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Investing activities</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Acquisition of intangible assets</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(38,924</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(42,052</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(26,005</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; font-size: 10pt">Acquisition of equipment</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(4,311</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(19,696</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(38,924</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(46,363</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(45,701</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Financing activities</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Pre-funded warrants and warrants exercised</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">16,573</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">296</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">64</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Payment of lease obligation</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(69,723</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(66,089</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(20,410</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Cash share issuance costs</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(667,883</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(295,251</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(1,067,153</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Proceeds from issuance of equity instruments</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3,500,542</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">4,999,640</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2,779,509</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(361,044</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3,912,141</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Effect of foreign exchange (gain) loss on cash</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(35,953</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">4,041</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(136,146</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Decrease in cash</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(974,016</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(6,986,531</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(4,435,665</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Cash, beginning of year</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3,447,665</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">10,434,196</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">14,869,861</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.25pt double; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Cash, end of year</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.25pt double; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2,473,649</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3,447,665</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">10,434,196</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Supplemental Cash Flow and Non-Cash Investing and Financing Activities Disclosure</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Fair value of agent&rsquo;s warrants</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">185,738</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Derivative warrant liability reclassified to share capital on exercise of warrants</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">5,244</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 10pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Recognition of right-of-use asset</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">96,998</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">114,588</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 8.1pt">Deferred financing costs reclassified to share capital and transaction costs on derivative warrant liability</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">166,344</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0 0 0pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0pt; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><SUP>1 </SUP>The Company revised certain transaction
costs on derivative warrant liability from financing activities to operating activities (Note 12(h)).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0pt; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0pt; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">The accompanying notes are an integral
part of these consolidated financial statements.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>
<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0pt; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B></B></FONT></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0pt; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B></B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>1.</B></FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Nature of operations and going concern</B></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">XORTX Therapeutics Inc. (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo; or &ldquo;XORTX&rdquo;)
was incorporated under the laws of Alberta, Canada on August 24, 2012.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">XORTX is a public company listed on the TSX Venture Exchange (the &ldquo;TSXV&rdquo;)
and on the Nasdaq Stock Market (&ldquo;Nasdaq&rdquo;) under the symbol &ldquo;XRTX&rdquo;. The Company&rsquo;s operations and mailing
address is 3710 &ndash; 33<SUP>rd</SUP> Street NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2L 2M1 and its registered address is located at 550 Burrard
Street, Suite 2900, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6C 0A3.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">XORTX is a late-stage clinical pharmaceutical company focused on developing
innovative therapies to treat gout and progressive kidney disease modulated by aberrant purine and uric acid metabolism in orphan disease
indications such as allopurinol intolerant gout and autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, as well as more prevalent type 2 diabetic
nephropathy, and fatty liver disease. The Company&rsquo;s current focus is on developing products to slow and/or reverse the progression
of these diseases.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company is subject to a number of risks associated with the successful
development of new products and their marketing and the conduct of its clinical studies and their results. The Company will have to finance
its research and development activities and its clinical studies. To achieve the objectives in its business plan, the Company plans to
raise the necessary capital and to generate revenues. Although there is no certainty, management is of the opinion that additional funding
for future projects and operations can be raised as needed. The products developed by the Company will require approval from the U.S.
Food and Drug Administration and equivalent organizations in other countries before their sale can be authorized. If the Company is unsuccessful
in obtaining adequate financing in the future, research activities will be postponed until market conditions improve. These circumstances
and conditions indicate the existence of a material uncertainty that casts significant doubt about the Company&rsquo;s ability to continue
as a going concern.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>2.</B></FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Basis of preparation</B></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Statement of Compliance </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">These consolidated financial statements
have been prepared in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards (&ldquo;IFRS&rdquo;) as issued by the International Accounting Standards
Board (&ldquo;IASB&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Basis of Measurement and Presentation
</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">These consolidated financial statements
have been prepared using the historical cost convention except for financial instruments which have been measured at fair value. These
consolidated financial statements were prepared on an accrual basis except for cash flow information.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">These consolidated financial statements
incorporate the financial statements of the Company and its 100% owned subsidiary. The accounts of the Company&rsquo;s subsidiary are
prepared for the same reporting period as the parent company, using consistent accounting policies. Inter-company transactions, balances
and unrealized gains or losses on transactions are eliminated. The Company&rsquo;s subsidiary is the following:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 10pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 40%; padding-left: 0pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt"><B>Name</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 30%; padding-left: 38.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Place of <FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">Incorporation</FONT></B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 30%; padding-left: 0.2pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Ownership</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-left: 0pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">XORTX Pharma <FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.2pt">Corp.</FONT></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding-left: 38.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt">Canada</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: -0.2pt">100%</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">These consolidated financial statements
were approved for issue by the Board of Directors on March 21, 2025.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0 0 0pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B></B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>3.</B></FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Material Accounting policies</B></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">These consolidated financial statements have been prepared using the following
accounting policies:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B>Financial Instruments</B></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"><B>a)</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>Classification</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company classifies its financial instruments in the following categories:
at fair value through profit or loss (&ldquo;FVTPL&rdquo;), at fair value through other comprehensive income (loss) (&ldquo;FVTOCI&rdquo;)
or at amortized cost. The Company determines the classification of financial assets at initial recognition. The classification of debt
instruments is driven by the Company&rsquo;s business model for managing the financial assets and their contractual cash flow characteristics.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Equity instruments that are held for trading are classified as FVTPL. For other
equity instruments, on the day of acquisition the Company can make an irrevocable election (on an instrument-by-instrument basis) to designate
them as at FVTOCI. Financial liabilities are measured at amortized cost, unless they are required to be measured at FVTPL (such as instruments
held for trading or derivatives) or if the Company has opted to measure them at FVTPL.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">The following are the Company&rsquo;s financial instruments as at December 31, 2024 and 2023:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 10pt">
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; vertical-align: top; width: 63%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-left: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 37%; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-left: 21.3pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Classification</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 21.3pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Cash </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 21.3pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt">Amortized cost</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Accounts payable and accrued liabilities</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 21.3pt; text-align: right; text-indent: 19.8pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt">Amortized cost</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Derivative warrant liability</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 21.3pt; text-align: right; text-indent: 19.8pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt">FVTPL</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-left: 0pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Lease obligations</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 21.3pt; text-align: right; text-indent: 19.8pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt">Amortized cost</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-left: 0pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-left: 21.3pt; text-align: right; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"><B>b)</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>Measurement</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt"><B>Financial assets at FVTOCI</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">Elected investments in equity instruments at FVTOCI are initially
recognized at fair value plus transaction costs. Subsequently they are measured at fair value, with gains and losses recognized in other
comprehensive income (loss).</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt"><B>Financial assets and liabilities at amortized cost</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">Financial assets and liabilities at amortized cost are initially
recognized at fair value plus or minus transaction costs, respectively, and subsequently carried at amortized cost using the effective
interest rate, less any impairment.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt"><B>Financial assets and liabilities at FVTPL</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">Financial assets and liabilities carried at FVTPL are initially
recorded at fair value and transaction costs are expensed in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss. Realized and unrealized
gains and losses arising from changes in the fair value of the financial assets and liabilities held at FVTPL are included in the consolidated
statements of comprehensive loss in the period in which they arise. Where management has opted to recognize a financial liability at FVTPL,
any changes associated with the Company&rsquo;s own credit risk will be recognized in other comprehensive loss.</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 11 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0pt; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B></B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>3.</B></FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Material Accounting policies (continued)</B></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>Financial Instruments (continued)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt"><B>Impairment of financial assets at amortized cost</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">The Company recognizes a loss allowance for expected credit losses
on financial assets that are measured at amortized cost.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">At each reporting date, the Company measures the loss allowance
for the financial asset at an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit losses if the credit risk on the financial asset has increased
significantly since initial recognition. If at the reporting date, the financial asset has not increased significantly since initial recognition,
the Company measures the loss allowance for the financial asset at an amount equal to the twelve month expected credit losses. The Company
shall recognize in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss, as an impairment gain or loss, the amount of expected credit losses
(or reversal) that is required to adjust the loss allowance at the reporting date to the amount that is required to be recognized.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"><B>c)</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>Derecognition</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 21.3pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt"><B>Financial assets</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">The Company derecognizes financial assets only when the contractual
rights to cash flows from the financial assets expire, or when it transfers the financial assets and substantially all of the associated
risks and rewards of ownership to another entity. Gains and losses on derecognition are generally recognized in profit or loss. However,
gains and losses on derecognition of financial assets classified as FVTOCI remain within accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt"><B>Financial liabilities</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">The Company derecognizes financial liabilities only when its obligations
under the financial liabilities are discharged, cancelled or expired. Generally, the difference between the carrying amount of the financial
liability derecognized and the consideration paid and payable, including any non-cash assets, is recognized in the consolidated statements
of comprehensive loss.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>Cash </B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Cash include cash on hand, held at banks, or held with investment brokers as
well as short-term investments with an original maturity of 90 days or less, which are readily convertible into known amounts of cash.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>Equipment</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Equipment is recorded at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated
impairment losses. The cost of an item of equipment includes expenditures that are directly attributable to the acquisition thereof. Amortization
is calculated on bases and rates designed to amortize the cost of the assets over their estimated useful lives. Amortization is recorded
using the straight-line method with an expectation of the following useful life estimates:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 20%; text-align: center">Computer equipment</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; width: 80%">3 years</TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>3.</B></FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Material Accounting policies (continued)</B></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>Leases</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">At inception of a contract, the Company assesses whether a contract is, or
contains, a lease determining whether the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in
exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, we assess whether:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the contract involves the use of an identified asset;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the Company has the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the identified
asset throughout the period of use; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the Company has the right to direct the use of the identified asset.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The right-of-use asset and corresponding lease obligation is recognized at
the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease obligation
adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs
to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives
received. The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the end of the
lease term or its useful life, whichever is shorter. The lease term includes periods covered by an option to extend if the Company is
reasonably certain to exercise that option. In addition, the right-of-use asset is reduced by impairment losses and adjusted for certain
remeasurements of the lease obligation, if any.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The lease obligation is initially measured at the present value of the lease
payments that are not paid at the commencement date. The lease payments are discounted using the implicit interest rate in the lease.
If the rate cannot be readily determined, the Company&rsquo;s incremental rate of borrowing is used. The lease obligation is subsequently
measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. The lease obligation is remeasured when there is a change in future lease
payments arising from a change in an index or rate, if there is a change in our estimate of the amount expected to be payable under a
residual value guarantee, if we change our assessment of whether we will exercise a purchase, extension or termination option, or if the
underlying lease contract is amended.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company has elected not to separate fixed non-lease components from lease
components and instead account for each lease component and associated fixed non-lease components as a single lease component.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company has elected not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease obligations
for short-term leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less and for leases of low value assets. The lease payments associated with
those leases are recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>Research and development costs</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Research costs including clinical trial costs are expensed as incurred, net
of recoveries until a drug product receives regulatory approval. Development costs that meet specific criteria related to technical, market
and financial feasibility will be capitalized. To date, all research and development costs have been expensed.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>Intangible assets</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Intangible assets are measured at cost less accumulated amortization and accumulated
impairment losses. Costs incurred for patents, patents pending and licenses are capitalized and amortized from the date of capitalization
on a straight-line basis over the shorter of their respective remaining estimated lives or 20 years.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>3.</B></FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Material Accounting policies (continued)</B></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>Government assistance</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Amounts received or receivable resulting from government assistance programs,
including grants and investment tax credits for research and development, are recognized where there is reasonable assurance that the
amount of government assistance will be received and all attached conditions will be complied with. Investment tax credits and grants
relating to qualifying scientific research and experimental development expenditures that are recoverable are recognized as a reduction
of expenses.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>Impairment of long-lived assets</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Intangible assets and equipment are tested for impairment when events or changes
in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. For the purpose of measuring recoverable amounts, assets are
grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash flows (cash-generating units or CGUs). The recoverable amount
is the higher of an asset&rsquo;s fair value less costs to sell, and its value in use (being the present value of the expected future
cash flows of the relevant asset or CGU). An impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the asset&rsquo;s carrying amount exceeds
its recoverable amount. The Company evaluates impairment losses for potential reversals when events or circumstances warrant such consideration.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>Derivative warrant liabilities</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Derivative warrant liabilities issued in relation to equity offerings that
fail to meet the definition of equity are classified as derivative liabilities and measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized
in profit or loss at each period end. In instances where units consisting of a common share and a warrant classified as a derivative liability
are issued, the Company recognizes the unit as a compound financial instrument. In accordance with IAS 32 Financial Instruments: Presentation,
when a compound instrument has been determined to contain a financial liability and an equity component, the fair value of the instrument
is bifurcated by first determining the fair value of the liability, and then allocating any residual value to the equity instrument.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The derivative warrants will ultimately be converted into the Company&rsquo;s
equity (common shares) when the warrants are exercised or will be extinguished on the expiry of the outstanding warrants and will not
result in the inflow of any cash to the Company. Immediately prior to exercise, the warrants are remeasured at their intrinsic value (the
intrinsic value being the share price at the date the warrant is exercised less the exercise price of the warrant), and this value is
transferred to Share Capital on exercise.&nbsp;Any remaining fair value is recorded through profit or loss as part of the change in estimated
fair value of the derivative warrant liabilities.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to estimate fair value
at each period end date. The key assumptions used in the model are described in Note 12(h).</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>Share-based payments</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company has a stock option plan that is described in Note 12 and grants
share options to acquire common shares of the Company to directors, officers, employees and consultants. Share-based payments to employees
are measured at the fair value of the instruments granted. Share-based payments to non-employees are measured at the fair value of the
goods or services received or the fair value of the equity instruments issued as calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model
if the fair value of the goods or services cannot be reliably measured. The offset to the recorded expense is to reserves.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Consideration received on the exercise of stock options is recorded as share
capital and the recorded amount in reserves is transferred to share capital.</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>3.</B></FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Material Accounting policies (continued)</B></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>Share capital</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">Common shares are classified as equity.
Costs directly identifiable with share capital financing are charged against share capital. Share issuance costs incurred in advance of
share subscriptions are recorded as deferred assets. Share issuance costs related to uncompleted share subscriptions are charged to operations
in the period they are incurred. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company&rsquo;s common shares, pre-funded warrants, warrants (other than
derivative warrants) and options are classified as equity instruments. Incremental costs directly related to the issue of new shares or
options are shown in equity as a deduction from the proceeds. For equity offerings of units consisting of a common share and warrant,
when both instruments are classified as equity, the Company allocates proceeds first to common shares based on the estimated fair value
of the common shares at the time the units are issued, with any excess value allocated to warrants.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">From time to time in connection with private placements and other equity offerings,
the Company issues compensatory warrants (&ldquo;Finders&rsquo; Warrants&rdquo;) or warrant units (&ldquo;Finders&rsquo; Warrant Units&rdquo;)
to agents as commission for services. Awards of Finders&rsquo; Warrants and Finders&rsquo; Warrant Units are accounted for in accordance
with the fair value method of accounting and result in share issuance costs and a credit to reserves when Finders&rsquo; Warrants and
Finders&rsquo; Warrant Units are issued. The fair value of Finders&rsquo; Warrants is measured using the Black-Scholes option pricing
model and the fair value of the Finders&rsquo; Warrant Units is measured using the Geske compound option pricing model that requires the
use of certain assumptions regarding the risk-free market interest rate, expected volatility in the price of the underlying stock, and
expected life of the instruments.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>Earnings (loss) per common share</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Basic earnings (loss) per common share is computed by dividing the net income
(loss) available to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period and the diluted
loss per share assumes that the outstanding vested stock options and share purchase warrants had been exercised at the beginning of the
year. Diluted earnings per share reflect the potential dilution that could share in the earnings of an entity. In the periods where a
net loss is incurred, potentially dilutive common shares (outstanding vested stock options and share purchase warrants) are excluded from
the loss per share calculation as the effect would be anti-dilutive and basic and diluted loss per common share are the same. In a profit
year, the weighted average number of common shares outstanding used for the calculation of diluted earnings per share assumes that the
proceeds to be received on the exercise of dilutive stock options and warrants are used to repurchase the common shares at the average
price per period.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>Foreign currency translation</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The presentation and functional currency of the Company and its subsidiary
is the U.S. dollar. Foreign currency transactions are translated into U.S. dollars using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of
the transactions. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the rate of exchange in effect as
of the financial position date. Gains and losses are recognized in profit or loss on a current basis.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Income taxes</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes.
Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between
the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities
are measured using substantively enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences
are expected to be recovered or settled.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>3.</B></FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Material Accounting policies (continued)</B></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Deferred income tax assets also result from unused loss carry forwards, resource
related pools and other deductions. A deferred tax asset is recognized for unused tax losses, tax credits and deductible temporary differences
to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which they can be utilized. Deferred tax assets
are reviewed at each reporting date and are reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realized.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>New and recent accounting pronouncements</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">In October 2022, IASB issued amendments to IAS 1, Presentation of Financial
Statements. The amendments aim to clarify the criteria for classifying liabilities with covenants as current or non-current. Liabilities
are required to be classified as non-current if an entity has a substantive right to defer settlement for at least 12 months at the end
of the reporting period. The amendments were adopted by the Company as of January 1, 2024. These amendments to standards resulted in the
reclassification of the derivative warrant liability from non-current to current liability as described in Note 12(h).</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">In April 2024, IASB issued IFRS 18, Presentation and Disclosure in Financial
Statements to replace IAS 1, Presentation of Financial Statements. The aim of IFRS 18 is to set out requirements for presentation and
disclosure of financial statements to ensure the entity provides relevant and accurate information about its assets, liabilities, equity,
income and expenses. IFRS 18 is effective for the Company as of January 1, 2027. The Company is assessing the impact of this standard
on the consolidated financial statements.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"><B>4.</B></TD><TD><B>Critical accounting judgments and <FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">estimates</FONT></B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The preparation of consolidated financial statements requires management to
make judgments and estimates that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and notes. By their nature, these
judgments and estimates are subject to change and the effect on the consolidated financial statements of changes in such judgments and
estimates in future periods could be material. These judgments and estimates are based on historical experience, current and future economic
conditions, and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual
results could differ from these judgments and estimates.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the
estimate is revised and may affect both the period of revision and future periods. Information about critical accounting judgments in
applying accounting policies that have the most significant risk of causing material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and
liabilities recognized in the consolidated financial statements within the next financial year are discussed below:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>Share-based payment transactions and warrant liabilities</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company measures the cost of equity-settled transactions with employees
by reference to the fair value of the equity instruments at the date at which they are granted. Warrant liabilities are accounted for
as derivative liabilities as the proceeds from exercise are either not fixed, denominated in a currency other than the functional currency,
or can be settled on a net basis, and therefore do not meet the fixed for fixed criteria. Estimating fair value for share-based transactions
requires determining the most appropriate valuation model, which is dependent on the terms and conditions of the instrument. This estimate
also requires determining the most appropriate inputs to the valuation model including the expected life of the share option or warrant,
volatility and dividend yield and making assumptions about them.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>Classification of contract payments</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">In concluding that contract payments are a non-current asset, management considered
when future regulatory and clinical trial programs are anticipated to be completed. Management assessed that the future regulatory and
clinical trial programs would not be completed within 12 months from period end and therefore classified contract payments as a non-current
asset.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><B></B></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"><B>4.</B></TD><TD><B>Critical accounting judgments and <FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">estimates (continued)</FONT></B></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>Impairment of intangible assets</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Patents (obtained and pending) and licenses are reviewed for impairment at
each financial reporting date. If, in the judgment of management, future economic benefits will not flow to the Company, then the Company
will assess the recoverable value of the asset. If the carrying value is greater than the recoverable value, the asset will be impaired
to the recoverable value.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>Determination of functional currency</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">In concluding that the U.S. dollar is the functional currency of the Company
and its subsidiary, management considered the currency that mainly influences the cost of providing goods and services in the primary
economic environment in which each entity operates and the currency in which funds from financing are generated, or if there has been
a change in events or conditions that determined the primary economic environment.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>Treatment of research and development costs</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Costs to develop products are capitalized to the extent that the criteria for
recognition as intangible assets in IAS 38 Intangible Assets are met. Those criteria require that the product is technically and economically
feasible, the Company has the intention and ability to use the asset, and how the asset will generate future benefits. Management assessed
the capitalization of development costs based on the attributes of the development project, perceived user needs, industry trends and
expected future economic conditions. Management considers these factors in aggregate and applies significant judgment to determine whether
the product is feasible. The Company has not capitalized any development costs as at December 31, 2024.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>Leases</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Value of right-of-use assets and lease obligations require judgement in determining
lease terms such as extension options, determining whether a lease contract contains an identified asset to which the Company has the
right to use substantially all of the economic benefits from the use of that asset and the incremental borrowing rate applied. The Company
estimates the incremental borrowing rate based on the lease term, collateral assumptions and the economic environment in which the lease
is denominated. Renewal options are only included if management is reasonably certain that the option will be renewed.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>Classification of pre-funded warrants</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Management applied judgment when determining the appropriate classification
of pre-funded warrants included in unit offerings. Management considered the characteristics of derivative instruments and concluded that
the pre-funded warrants should be classified as an equity instrument.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Current and deferred taxes</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The measurement of income taxes payable and deferred income tax assets and
liabilities requires management to make judgments in the interpretation and application of the relevant tax laws. Such differences may
result in eventual tax payments differing from amounts accrued. Reported amounts for deferred tax assets and liabilities are based on
management&rsquo;s expectation for the timing and amounts of future taxable income or loss, as well as future taxation rates. Changes
to these underlying estimates may result in changes to the carrying value, if any, of deferred income tax assets and liabilities.</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>5.</B></FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Cash</B></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company&rsquo;s cash consists of cash held and interest-bearing deposits
with the Company&rsquo;s bank and brokerage accounts. The current annual interest rate earned on these deposits is 3.62% (2023 &ndash;
5.15%).</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31, <BR>2024</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31, <BR>2023</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 74%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Cash</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">53,686</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">94,999</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Interest-bearing deposits</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2,419,963</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3,352,666</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2,473,649</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3,447,665</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0 0 0 22.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>6.</B></FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Prepaid expenses </B></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">The Company&rsquo;s prepaid expenses relate to the following:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31, <BR>2024</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31, <BR>2023</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 74%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Research and development</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,167</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Insurance</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">158,007</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">204,302</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Investor relations conferences and services</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">19,490</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">25,309</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Administrative services and other</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">6,748</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">7,355</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">185,412</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">236,966</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"><B>7.</B></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Contract payments</B></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company entered into an agreement
with Prevail InfoWorks Inc. As part of the agreement, the Company paid $1,200,000 through the issuance of units in the private placement
that closed February 28, 2020, to be applied to future regulatory and clinical trial programs. The 108,590 units issued were measured
by reference to their fair value on the issuance date, which is equal to CAD $14.76 per unit.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>8.</B></FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Intangible assets</B></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.5pt; margin: 0 0 0 22.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Cost</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Total</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 87%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Balance, December 31, 2022</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">294,751</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Additions</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">42,052</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Balance, December 31, 2023</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">336,803</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Additions</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">38,924</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Balance, December 31, 2024</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">375,727</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.5pt; margin: 0 0 0 22.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.5pt; margin: 0 0 0 22.5pt"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Accumulated amortization</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Total</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 87%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Balance, December 31, 2022</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">94,917</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Amortization</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">66,632</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">Balance, December 31, 2023</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">161,549</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Amortization</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">31,070</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">Balance, December 31, 2024</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">192,619</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.5pt; margin: 0 0 0 22.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>8.</B></FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Intangible assets (continued)</B></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.5pt; margin: 0 0 0 22.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Carrying values</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Total</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 87%; font-size: 10pt">At December 31, 2023</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">175,254</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">At December 31, 2024</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">183,108</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.5pt; margin: 0 0 0 22.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company has licensed intellectual property from various third parties.
The intangible assets relate solely to licensed intellectual property and there are no other classes of intangible assets. The intangible
assets are as described below:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"><B>a)</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The Company has licensed from a third party (the &ldquo;Licensor&rdquo;), under a patent rights purchase
agreement dated July 9, 2013 and amended April 15, 2014, certain patents relating to allopurinol for the treatment of hypertension. The
Company paid a total of $40,000 to the Licensor per the terms of the agreement.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">The Company will also pay the Licensor royalties on the cumulative
net revenues from the sale or sublicense of the product covered under the patent license until the later of (i) the expiration of the
last patent right covering the product; and (ii) the expiration of ten years from the date of the first commercial sales of a product.
As of December 31, 2024, no royalties have been accrued or paid.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"><B>b)</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">In December 2012, the Company entered into an agreement to license certain intellectual property relating
to the use of all uric acid lowering agents to improve the treatment of metabolic syndrome. Under this patent rights purchase agreement,
between the Company and Dr. Richard Johnson and Dr. Takahiko Nakagawa (the &ldquo;Vendors&rdquo;), the Company will pay the Vendors a
royalty based on the cumulative net revenues from the sale or sublicense of the product covered under the licensed intellectual property
until the later of (i) the expiration of the last patent right covering the product; and (ii) the expiration of 10 years from the date
of the first commercial sales of a product. As of December 31, 2024, no royalties have been accrued or paid.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"><B>c)</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Pursuant to a license agreement dated October 9, 2012 as amended on June 23, 2014, between the Company
and the University of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. (&ldquo;UFRF&rdquo;), the Company acquired the exclusive license to a patent that
claims the use of any uric acid lowering agent to treat insulin resistance. The Company has paid or is obligated to pay UFRF the following:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">i)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">An annual license fee of $1,000;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">ii)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Reimburse UFRF for United States and/or foreign costs associated with the maintenance of the licensed
patents;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">iii)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The issuance to UFRF of 180,397 shares of common stock of the Company. 160,783 have been issued to UFRF
as at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. The remaining shares to be issued are included in obligation to issue shares ($24,746);</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">iv)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Milestone payments of $500,000 upon receipt of FDA approval to market licensed product in the United States
of America and $100,000 upon receipt of regulatory approval to market each licensed product in each of other agreed-upon jurisdictions;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">v)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Royalty payments of up to 1.5% of net sales of products covered by the license until the later of (i)
the expiration of any patent claims; or (ii) 10 years from the date of the first commercial sale of any covered product in each country.
Following commencement of commercial sales, the Company will be subject to certain annual minimum royalty payments that will increase
annually to a maximum of $100,000 per year. As at December 31, 2024, no royalties have been accrued or paid; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">vi)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">UFRF is entitled to receive a royalty of 5% of amounts received from any sub-licensee that are not based
directly on product sales, excluding payments received for research and development or purchases of the Company&rsquo;s securities at
not less than fair market value. As at December 31, 2024, no royalties have been accrued or paid.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.5in; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">UFRF may terminate the agreement if the Company fails to meet the above-specified
milestones.</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><B>9.</B></TD><TD><B>Property and equipment</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 22.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Cost</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Right-of-use <BR>
asset</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Equipment</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Total</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: transparent">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 61%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Balance, December 31, 2022 </FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">114,588</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">19,033</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">133,621</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Additions</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">4,311</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">4,311</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Balance, December 31, 2023</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">114,588</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">23,344</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">137,932</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Additions</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">96,998</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">96,998</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Balance, December 31, 2024</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">211,586</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">23,344</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">234,930</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Accumulated amortization</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Right-of-use<BR>
 asset</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Equipment</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Total</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: transparent">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 61%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Balance, December 31, 2022</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">38,195</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2,748</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">40,943</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Amortization</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">65,480</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">7,582</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">73,062</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Balance, December 31, 2023</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">103,675</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">10,330</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">114,005</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Amortization</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">78,525</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">7,679</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">86,204</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">Balance, December 31, 2024</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">182,200</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">18,009</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">200,209</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Carrying values</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Right-of-use<BR>
 asset</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Equipment</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Total</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: transparent">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 61%; font-size: 10pt">At December 31, 2023</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">10,913</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">13,014</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">23,927</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">At December 31, 2024</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">29,386</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">5,335</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">34,721</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company entered into an office lease during the year ended December 31,
2022 for which a right-of-use asset was recognized (Note 11). During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company extended its office
lease. A $96,998 right-of-use asset addition was recognized with a corresponding $96,998 increase to the lease liability.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><B>10.</B></TD><TD><B>Accounts payable and accrued liabilities</B></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0 0 10pt"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December
    31,<BR>
 2024</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31, <BR>2023</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: transparent">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 74%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Trade payables</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">84,020</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">195,814</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Accrued liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">63,185</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">87,614</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Total</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">147,205</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">283,428</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -14.2pt; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -14.2pt"></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -14.2pt; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><B>11.</B></TD><TD><B>Lease obligation</B></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">The Company has entered into an office lease expiring in 2025, with an imputed
interest rate of 8% per annum. A reconciliation of the outstanding lease obligation as at December 31, 2024 is as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 87%; font-size: 10pt; padding-left: 0.05pt">Balance, December 31, 2022</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">77,599</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-left: 0.05pt">Lease payments</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(66,089</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Balance, December 31, 2023</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">11,510</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Additions</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">96,998</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-left: 0.05pt">Lease payments</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(69,723</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; padding-left: 0.05pt">Balance, December 31, 2024</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">38,785</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 20 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 4pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->19<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><B>11.</B></TD><TD><B>Lease obligation (continued)</B></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The $96,998 lease obligation addition recognized in the year ended December
31, 2024 relates to an&nbsp;extension of the office lease to May 31, 2025.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The following is a schedule of the Company&rsquo;s future minimum lease payments
related to the office lease obligation:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 17.85pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31, 2024</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31, 2023</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 74%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; padding-left: 0.05pt">2024</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">11,628</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-left: 0.05pt">2025</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">39,535</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; padding-left: 0.05pt">Total minimum lease payments</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">39,535</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">11,628</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-left: 0.05pt">Less: imputed interest</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(750</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(118</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; padding-left: 0.05pt">Total present value of minimum lease payments</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">38,785</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">11,510</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-left: 0.05pt">Less: current portion</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(38,785</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(11,510</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-left: 0.05pt">Non-current portion</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>




<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -14.2pt; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt; font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -14.2pt"></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -14.2pt; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.5pt; margin: 0 0 0 22.5pt"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0 22.5pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.5pt"></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0 22.5pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.5pt"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0 0pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.5pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><B>12.</B></TD><TD><B>Share capital and reserves </B></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0 22.5pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -22.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"><B>a)</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>Authorized and issued</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 0.2in"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 0.2in"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">Unlimited common shares &ndash;
3,481,375 issued at December 31, 2024 (2023 &ndash; 1,998,848, 2022 &ndash; 1,670,071).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 0.2in"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 0.2in"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">On November 10, 2023, the shares
of the Company were consolidated on a 9:1 basis. Common shares, options, warrants and per share amounts have been adjusted for the 9:1
share consolidation unless otherwise noted.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>b)</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Issuances</B></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0; text-indent: 14.2pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Year ended December
31, 2024:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">On February 15 and March 4, 2024, the Company closed two tranches
of a non-brokered offering of 899,717 common share units at a price of <FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">CAD </FONT>$3.00 per common
share unit for aggregate gross proceeds of $2,000,549 (CAD $2,699,151). Each common share unit consists of one common share and one warrant
to purchase one common share at <FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">CAD </FONT>$4.50 per common share for a period of two years, provided,
however that, if, the common shares on the TSXV trade at greater than <FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">CAD </FONT>$6.00 for 10 or
more consecutive trading days, the warrants will be accelerated and the warrants will expire on the 30th&nbsp;business day following the
date of notice.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt; background-color: white"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt; background-color: white">The proceeds were allocated $1,205,000
to the derivative warrant liability (Note 12(h)) and the residual $795,549 was allocated to common shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt; background-color: white">In connection with the offering, the Company
paid finder&rsquo;s fees of $97,241, representing a 5% finder&rsquo;s fee on certain subscriptions to qualified finders. The Company incurred
additional cash share issuance costs of $367,195 including $166,344 deferred at December 31, 2023. The costs were allocated between common
shares and derivative warrant liability in proportion to their initial carrying amounts with $185,405 recorded as a reduction of equity
and $279,031 recorded as transaction costs on derivative warrant liability.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt; background-color: white">On March 25, 2024, the Company issued 5,000
common shares for the exercise of warrants at CAD $4.50 per share in the amount of $16,570 (CAD $22,500). An amount of $5,244 was transferred
from derivative warrant liability to share capital as a result.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt; background-color: white">&nbsp;</P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><B>12.</B></TD><TD><B>Share capital and reserves (continued)</B></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0 0pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; background-color: white"></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>b)</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Issuances  (continued)</B></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 10pt; font-size: 10pt"></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt; background-color: white">On October 18, 2024, the Company closed
its registered direct offering and concurrent private placement for the purchase and sale of: (i) 320,000 common share units at a price
of $1.85 per unit, with each unit consisting of one common share and one warrant to purchase one common share; and (ii) 490,810 pre-funded
warrant units at a price of $1.84999 per pre-funded unit, with each pre-funded unit consisting of one pre-funded warrant to purchase one
common share and one warrant to purchase one common share. Aggregate gross proceeds amounted to $1,499,993. The pre-funded warrants have
an exercise price of $0.00001 per share and will terminate once exercised in full. The unit warrants are exercisable at an exercise price
of $2.18 are immediately exercisable and expire five years from issuance.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt; background-color: white">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt; background-color: white">In connection with the private placement,
the Company incurred issuance costs of $370,276. The costs were recorded as a reduction of equity.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt; background-color: white">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt; background-color: white">On November 21, 2024, the Company issued
257,810 common shares for the exercise of pre-funded warrants at US$0.00001 per share in the amount of $3. An amount of $359,211 was transferred
from reserves to share capital as a result.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Year ended December 31,
2023:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt; background-color: white">On January 19, 2023, the Company issued
328,777 common shares for the exercise of pre-funded warrants at $0.0009 per share in the amount of $296. An amount of $531,885 was transferred
from reserves to share capital as a result.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt; background-color: white">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Year ended December 31,
2022:</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">On October 7, 2022, the Company
closed a public offering of: (i) 155,555 common share units (&quot;Common Share Units&quot;) at a price of $9.00 per Common Share Unit,
with each Common Share Unit consisting of one common share and one warrant (&quot;Warrant&quot;) to purchase one common share; and (ii)
400,000 pre-funded warrant units (&ldquo;Pre-Funded Units&rdquo;) at a price of $8.9991 per Pre-Funded Unit, with each Pre-Funded Unit
consisting of one pre-funded warrant (&ldquo;Pre-Funded Warrant&rdquo;) to purchase one common share and one Warrant to purchase one common
share. Aggregate gross proceeds amounted to $4,999,640. The Pre-Funded Warrants have an exercise price of $0.0009 per share, and will
terminate once exercised in full. The Warrants are exercisable at an exercise price of $10.98 per share expiring five years from the date
of issuance.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt; background-color: white">The proceeds were allocated $3,714,757
to the derivative warrant liability (Note 12(h)) and the residual amounts of $359,868 and $925,015 were allocated to common shares and
pre-funded warrants respectively.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt; background-color: white">In connection with the public offering,
the Company incurred issuance costs of $1,067,153 and issued 27,777 underwriters warrants with a fair value of $185,738. The costs were
allocated between common shares and derivative warrant liability in proportion to their initial carrying amounts with $317,301 recorded
as a reduction of equity and $926,456 recorded as transaction costs on derivative warrant liability and pre-funded warrants.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt; background-color: white">On December 29, 2022, the Company issued
71,223 common shares for the exercise of Pre-Funded Warrants at $0.0009 per share in the amount of $64. An amount of $164,704 was transferred
from reserves to share capital as a result.</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><B>12.</B></TD><TD><B>Share capital and reserves (continued)</B></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0 0 10pt"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -13.5pt; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt"><B></B></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>c)</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Diluted Weighted Average Number of Shares
Outstanding</B></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -13.5pt"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -13.5pt; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 98%; margin-left: 14.2pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="11" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Year ended</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">December 31, <BR> 2024</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">December 31, <BR> 2023</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">December 31, <BR> 2022</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 61%; font-size: 10pt">Basic weighted average shares outstanding</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,878,514</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,981,734</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,479,914</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Effect of outstanding securities</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt">Diluted weighted average shares outstanding</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,878,514</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,981,734</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,479,914</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>



<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -13.5pt; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, the Company
had a net loss, as such, the diluted loss per share calculation excludes any potential conversion of options and warrants that would decrease
loss per share.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>d)</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Common Share Purchase Warrants</B></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 28.35pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">A summary of the changes in warrants for the years ended December
31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 is presented below:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 98%; margin-left: 14.2pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Number of <BR>
Warrants</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Weighted <BR>
Average <BR>
Exercise price</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 74%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Balance, December 31, 2021</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">569,655</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">33.10</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Granted &ndash; October 7,2022</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">555,555</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">10.98</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Balance, December 31, 2023 and 2022</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,125,210</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">22.31</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Granted &ndash; February 9, 2024</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">824,767</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3.13</TD><TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><SUP>(1)</SUP></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Granted &ndash; February 23, 2024</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">74,950</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3.13</TD><TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><SUP>(1)</SUP></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Granted &ndash; October 18, 2024</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">810,810</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2.18</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Exercised</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(5,000</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3.13</TD><TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><SUP>(1)</SUP></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Balance, December 31, 2024</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,830,737</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">3.60</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>


<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in"><SUP>(1)</SUP> Exercise price of CAD $4.50.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company amended the
exercise price of 1,125,210 common share purchase warrants that were issued pursuant to private placements that closed in February 2021,
October 2021 and October 2022. Pursuant to the polices of the TSXV the terms of the warrants, as amended, will be subject to an acceleration
expiry provision such that if for any 10 consecutive trading dates during the unexpired term of the warrants, the closing price of the
Company's shares on the exchange exceeds $6.50, the exercise period of the warrants will be reduced to 30 days, starting seven days after
the last premium trading day. All other terms of the warrants remain unchanged.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">At December 31, 2024, the weighted average contractual remaining
life of the unexercised warrants was 2.58 years (2023 &ndash; 3.15 years).</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><B>12.</B></TD><TD><B>Share capital and reserves (continued)</B></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0 0 0pt"><B>&nbsp;</B><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top"><TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>d)</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Common Share Purchase Warrants (continued)</B></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 14.2pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 14.2pt; margin: 0">The following table summarizes information on warrants
outstanding at December 31, 2024:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 98%; margin-left: 14.2pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Exercise Price</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Number <BR> Outstanding</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Expiry date</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Remaining <BR> Contractual Life</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 19%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">5.00</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 22%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">198,333</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">February 9, 2026</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">1.11 years</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">5.00</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">270,211</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">October 15, 2026</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">1.79 years</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">5.00</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">101,111</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">October 15, 2026</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">1.79 years</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">5.00</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">555,555</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">October 7, 2027</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">2.77 years</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">CAD $</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">4.50</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">819,767</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">February 9, 2026</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">1.11 years</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">CAD $</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">4.50</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">74,950</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">February 23, 2026</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">1.15 years</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">2.18</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">810,810</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">October 18, 2029</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">4.80 years</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Total</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">2,830,737</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2.58 years</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>e)</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Pre-Funded Warrants</B></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">A summary of the changes in pre-funded warrants for the years ended
December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 is presented below:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 98%; margin-left: 14.2pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Number of<BR>
 Warrants</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Weighted <BR>
Average <BR>
Exercise price</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Balance, December 31, 2021</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 74%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Granted &ndash; October 7, 2022</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">400,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">0.0009</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Exercised</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(71,223</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">0.0009</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Balance, December 31, 2022</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">328,777</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">0.0009</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Exercised</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(328,777</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">0.0009</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Balance, December 31, 2023</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Granted &ndash; October 18, 2024</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">490,810</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">0.00001</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Exercised</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(257,810</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">0.00001</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Balance, December 31, 2024</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">233,000</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">0.00001</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>f)</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Finders&rsquo; and Underwriters Warrants </B></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">A summary of the changes in finders&rsquo; and underwriters warrants
for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 is presented below:</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 98%; margin-left: 14.2pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Number of <BR>
Warrants</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Weighted <BR>
Average <BR>
Exercise price</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; padding-left: 0pt">Balance, December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">50,298</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">23.57</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0 0pt 13.5pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">At December 31, 2024, the weighted average contractual remaining
life of the unexercised finders&rsquo; and underwriters warrants was 2.24 years (2023 &ndash; 3.25 years).</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><B>12.</B></TD><TD><B>Share capital and reserves (continued)</B></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>f)</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Finders&rsquo; and Underwriters Warrants (continued)</B></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">The following table summarizes information on finders&rsquo; and
underwriters warrants outstanding at December 31, 2024:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 98%; margin-left: 14.2pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Exercise Price</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Number <BR>
Outstanding</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Expiry date</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Remaining <BR>
Contractual Life</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">CAD$</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 19%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">42.30</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 22%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">6,377</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">February 9, 2026</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">1.11 years</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">42.93</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">16,144</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">October 15, 2026</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">1.79 years</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">10.98</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">27,777</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">October 7, 2027</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2.77 years</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">Total<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">50,298</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2.24 years</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>g)</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Stock Options</B></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">The </FONT>Company has an incentive
Stock Option Plan (the &ldquo;Plan&rdquo;) for directors, officers, employees, and consultants, under which the Company may issue stock
options to purchase common shares of the Company provided that the amount of incentive stock options which may be granted and outstanding
under the Plan at any time shall not exceed 10% of the then issued and outstanding common shares of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">The weighted average grant fair value of stock options granted was
estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following data and assumptions:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 98%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 10pt; margin-left: 14.2pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 25%; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 25%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>2024</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 25%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>2023</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 25%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>2022</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Dividend yield</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Nil</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Nil</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Nil</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Annualized volatility</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">100% </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">100%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">100%</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Share price</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">CAD $3.82 </FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">CAD $2.90</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">CAD $15.50</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Risk-free interest rate</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3.47%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3.25%</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.81%</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Expected life</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5 years</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5 years</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5 years</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">The risk-free interest rate is the yield on zero-coupon Canadian
Treasury Bills of a term consistent with the assumed option life. The expected life of the option is the average expected period to exercise.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">Volatility is based on the available historical volatility of the
Company&rsquo;s share price, excluding specific time frames in which volatility was affected by specific transactions that are not considered
to be indicative of the Company&rsquo;s expected share price volatility. The Company has not declared dividends in the past.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt">During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recorded share-based
payments of $122,527 (2023 - $120,984; 2022 - $487,940), in respect of the vesting of granted options and options issued in prior years.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">A summary of the changes in stock options for the years ended December
31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 is presented below:</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 25 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><B>12.</B></TD><TD><B>Share capital and reserves (continued)</B></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>g)</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Stock Options (continued)</B></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 98%; margin-left: 14.2pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Number of <BR>
Options</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Weighted <BR>
Average <BR>Exercise <BR>
price (CAD)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Balance, December 31, 2021</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">67,332</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">27.89</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Granted &ndash; January 12, 2022</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">14,162</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">22.86</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Granted &ndash; June 6, 2022</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">43,866</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">14.40</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Granted &ndash; November 25, 2022</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">7,776</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">12.42</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Expired </FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(4,896</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">28.67</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Balance, December 31, 2022</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">128,240</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">21.75</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Granted &ndash; December 31, 2023</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">8,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2.90</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Expired</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(32,318</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">33.65</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Balance, December 31, 2023</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">103,922</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">16.60</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Granted &ndash; March 4, 2024</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">39,483</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">4.50</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Granted &ndash; April 8, 2024</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">8,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">5.00</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Granted &ndash; December 18, 2024</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">13,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1.75</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Expired</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(16,642</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">22.22</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Balance, December 31, 2024</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">147,763</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">10.80</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Vested and exercisable, December 31, 2024</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">109,807</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">12.98</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt">The weighted average contractual remaining life of the unexercised
options was 3.02 years (2023 - 3.04 years).</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0 13.5pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">The following table summarizes information on stock options outstanding
at December 31, 2024:</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 98%; margin-left: 14.2pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Exercise <BR>
Price (CAD)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Number<BR>
 Outstanding</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Number <BR>Exercisable</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Expiry Date</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Remaining <BR>
Contractual Life</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 18%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">14.76</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 17%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">14,669</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 17%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">14,669</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 19%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">June 23, 2025</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 19%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; padding-left: 14.2pt">0.48 years</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">16.92</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2,366</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2,366</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">May 12, 2026</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; padding-left: 14.2pt">1.36 years</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">21.69</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">4,732</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">4,732</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">July 14, 2026</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; padding-left: 14.2pt">1.53 years</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">22.86</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">7,262</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">7,262</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">December 21, 2026</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; padding-left: 14.2pt">1.97 years</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">22.86</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">9,163</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">8,908</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">January 12, 2027</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; padding-left: 14.2pt">2.03 years</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">14.40</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">37,200</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">35,444</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">June 6, 2027</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; padding-left: 14.2pt">2.43 years</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">12.42</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">5,554</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3,856</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">November 25, 2027</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; padding-left: 14.2pt">2.90 years</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2.90</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">8,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">8,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">December 31, 2028</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; padding-left: 14.2pt">4.00 years</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">4.50</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">37,817</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">16,570</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">March 4, 2029</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; padding-left: 14.2pt">4.18 years</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">5.00</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">8,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">8,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">April 8, 2029</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; padding-left: 14.2pt">4.27 years</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1.75</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">13,000</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">December 18, 2029</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-left: 14.2pt">4.97 years</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">147,763</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">109,807</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-left: 14.2pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-left: 14.2pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><B>12.</B></TD><TD><B>Share capital and reserves (continued)</B></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>h)</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>Derivative
Warrant Liability</B></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in">During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2022 and 2021, the Company
issued warrants which were recorded as derivative financial liabilities as the exercise price was denominated in a currency other than
the functional currency of the Company and in certain situations allow the holder to exercise the warrants on a cashless basis and therefore
may be settled other than by the exchange of a fixed amount of cash. Under the cashless exercise option, t<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">he
holders of these warrants may elect to settle the warrants on a cashless basis if the common shares are not subject to an effective registration
statement at the time the holder wishes to exercise them. A contract that may be settled by a single net payment (generally referred to
as net cash settled or net equity settled) is a financial liability and not an equity instrument.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in">These warrants are revalued at each reporting period and any gain
or loss is recorded in profit or loss.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in">Effective January 1, 2023, with the change in functional currency
of the Company to USD, the exercise price of warrants denominated in CAD is now denominated in a currency different than the functional
currency of the Company and therefore these warrants now meet the definition of a derivative financial liability. Accordingly, all CAD
denominated warrants recorded as equity instruments on January 1, 2023, were reclassified to derivative warrant liabilities at their estimated
fair value as of that date.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in">The fair value of the warrants issued during the year ended December
31, 2024 with an exercise price denominated in CAD was estimated at $1,205,000 on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing
model with the following data and assumptions:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Dividend yield</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 18%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Nil</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Annualized volatility</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">130-135%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Share price</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">CAD $3.03 &ndash; CAD$3.40</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Risk-free interest rate</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">4.28% &ndash; 4.33%</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Expected life</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2 years</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.25in; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><B>The balance of the derivative warrant liabilities (level 3) is as follows:</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 98%; margin-left: 0.25in">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">Balance at December 31, 2022</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 18%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">3,854,403</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Reclassified from reserves</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">318,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt">Fair value adjustment</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(3,641,403</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">Balance at December 31, 2023</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">531,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Warrants issued February 9, 2024</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,102,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Warrants issued February 23, 2024</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">103,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Warrants exercised</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(5,244</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Reclassified to reserves</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(123,651</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt">Fair value adjustment</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(1,035,105</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Balance at December 31, 2024</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">572,000</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 16.5pt">Significant assumptions used in determining the fair value of the
derivative warrant liabilities at December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 are as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0 16.5pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 16.5pt"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0 16.5pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><B>12. Share capital and reserves (continued)</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>h)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Derivative
Warrant Liability (continued)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 16.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 98%; margin-left: 16.5pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31, <BR>2024</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31, <BR>2023</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31, <BR>2022</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 58%; font-size: 10pt">Share price</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 11%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1.13</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 11%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2.31</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 11%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">7.29</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Risk-free interest rate</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2.92</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>3.25%-3.91%</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">3.55</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Dividend yield</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">0</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">0</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">0</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Expected volatility</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>94%-134%</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">100</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">100</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Remaining term (in years)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>1.1-2.8</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>2.1-3.8</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>3.8-4.8</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 16.5pt">The fair value is classified as level 3 as expected volatility is
determined using historical volatility and is therefore not an observable input.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 16.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 16.5pt">Management has assessed the revised interpretive guidance in accordance
with IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements Amendments effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2024 with respect
to its derivative warrant liability and determined those instruments meet the requirement to be classified as a current liability. Accordingly,
the Company has reclassified derivative warrant liabilities of $531,000 on the consolidated statement of financial position as at December
31, 2023 to conform to the current period&rsquo;s presentation. The change in presentation had no impact on net and comprehensive loss,
or cash flows, or loss per share for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. The change in presentation had no impact on total assets,
total liabilities or shareholders equity as at December 31, 2023.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 16.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 16.5pt">The Company identified an immaterial error and revised the consolidated
statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2022 by $797,598 between operating activities and financing activities for cash
share issuance costs. The change in presentation had no impact on net and comprehensive loss, or loss per share for the year ended December
31, 2022. The change in presentation had no impact on total assets, total liabilities or shareholders equity as at December 31, 2022.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 16.5pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in"><B>13. Related party transactions</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -21.3pt; margin: 0 0 0 21.3pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">All related party transactions were measured at fair value. All amounts due
from/payable to related parties are unsecured, non-interest bearing and have no fixed terms of repayment.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company incurred the following
transactions with related parties:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt">a)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Wages and benefits and professional fees were paid or accrued to Allen Davidoff, the Chief Executive Officer
(&ldquo;CEO&rdquo;), in the amount of $391,655 (2023 - $337,794; 2022 - $369,494).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt">b)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Fees were paid or accrued to Michael Bumby, the Chief Financial Officer (&ldquo;CFO&rdquo;) of the Company
in the amount of $6,515 and to 1282803 Ontario Inc., a company owned by James Fairbairn, the former Chief Financial Officer of $149,820
(2023 - $156,217; 2022 - $164,547 (paid or accrued to the former CFO)).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt">c)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Research and development fees were paid or accrued to Haworth Biopharmaceutical, a company owned by Stephen
Haworth, the Chief Medical Officer (&ldquo;CMO&rdquo;) of the Company in the amount of $110,445 (2023 - $200,229; 2022 - $238,813).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt">d)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Consulting fees were paid or accrued to Stacy Evans, the Chief Business Officer (&ldquo;CBO&rdquo;) of
the Company in the amount of $157,500 (2023 - $280,000; 2022 - $44,946).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt">e)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Wages and benefits were paid or accrued to the former Chief Technology Officer (&ldquo;CTO&rdquo;) in
the amount of $nil (2023 - $nil, 2022 - $59,075).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 28 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><B>13. Related party transactions (continued)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt">f)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Consulting fees were paid to a private entity controlled by the spouse of the Company&rsquo;s CEO in the
amount of $nil (2023 - $nil; 2022 - $3,512).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt">g)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Directors&rsquo; fees were paid or accrued to the directors of the Company in the amount of $172,229 (2023
- $182,675; 2022 - $127,053). The amount includes director fees payment of $123,133 for the year ended December 31, 2024 (2023 - $133,967;
2022 - $68,617) to Anthony Giovinazzo, Chairman of the Company.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt">h)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">As at December 31, 2024, $11,120 (2023 - $6,805) was payable to directors of the Company, $7,705 (2023
- $14,631 (was payable or accrued to the former CFO)) was payable and accrued to the CFO of the Company for CFO services, $8,000 (2023
- $8,000) was payable and accrued to the CMO of the Company for consulting services, and $12,500 (2023 - $15,000) was payable and accrued
to the CBO of the Company for consulting services. The balances are unsecured, non-interest bearing, and have no fixed terms of repayment.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt">i)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Management and directors&rsquo; key management compensation transactions for the years ended December
31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 are summarized as follows:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Management Compensation</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Directors&rsquo; <BR>fees</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Share-based payments</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Total</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; width: 48%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; width: 10%">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; width: 10%">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; width: 10%">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; width: 10%">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right; width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Year ended December 31, 2022</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 2.2pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Directors and officers</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">880,387</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">127,053</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">404,573</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,412,013</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Year ended December 31, 2023</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 2.2pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Directors and officers</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">974,240</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">182,675</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">77,779</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,234,694</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; padding-left: 2.2pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Year ended December 31, 2024</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-left: 2.2pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Directors and officers</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">815,935</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">172,229</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">85,680</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,073,845</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>14.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</B></FONT><B>Income
taxes</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">The income taxes
shown in the consolidated statements of comprehensive loss differ from the amounts obtained by applying statutory rates to the loss before
income taxes due to the following:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2024</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2023</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2022</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 58%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Net loss for the year</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 11%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(3,313,346</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 11%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(2,158,065</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 11%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(7,718,882</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Statutory tax rate</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">27</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">27</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">27</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Expected income tax recovery</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(895,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(583,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(2,084,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Decrease to income tax recovery due to:</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Non-deductible permanent differences</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(246,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">45,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">131,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Temporary differences</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">312,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(25,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">276,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(Over) under provided in prior years</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(1,099,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(559,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(552,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Change in tax assets not recognized</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,928,000</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,122,000</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2,229,000</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Income tax recovery</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"></FONT></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>14.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</B></FONT><B>Income
taxes (continued)</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">The significant components of the Company&rsquo;s
deferred tax assets are as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31, <BR>2024</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31, <BR>2023</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Share issuance costs</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">292,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">229,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Cumulative eligible capital</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">95,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">117,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Operating losses carried forward</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">6,706,000</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">4,819,000</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Total deferred tax assets</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">7,093,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">5,165,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Deferred tax assets not recognized</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(7,093,000</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(5,165,000</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The realization of income tax benefits related to these deferred potential
tax deductions is not probable. Accordingly, no deferred income tax assets have been recognized for accounting purposes. The Company has
Canadian non-capital losses carried forward of approximately CAD $36,039,000 that may be available for tax purposes. The losses expire
as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 60%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Expiry date</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 43%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">2032</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 43%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">44,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">2033</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">748,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">2034</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">325,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">2035</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">286,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">2036</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">365,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">2037</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">618,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">2038</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,089,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">2039</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">554,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">2040</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,116,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">2041</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3,648,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">2042</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">12,628,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">2043</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">8,084,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">2044</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">6,534,000</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; letter-spacing: -0.1pt">Total</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">36,039,000</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>15.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Financial instruments
and risk management</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company&rsquo;s financial instruments consist of cash, accounts receivable,
accounts payable and accrued liabilities, <FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">lease obligation</FONT> and derivative warrant liability.
The fair values of cash and accounts payable and accrued liabilities and lease liability approximate their carrying values at December
31, 2024, due to their short-term nature.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The following table presents the Company&rsquo;s financial instruments, measured
at fair value on the consolidated statements of financial position as at December 31, 2024 and 2023 and categorized into levels of the
fair value hierarchy:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="7" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">December 31, 2024</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="7" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">December 31, 2023</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">Level</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Carrying Value</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Estimated Fair Value</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Carrying Value</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Estimated Fair Value</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">FVTPL</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&#8239;&#8239;&#8239;Derivative warrant liability</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 9%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">3</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">572,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">572,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">531,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">531,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 30 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>15. Financial
instruments and risk management (continued)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">There were no transfers for levels of change in the fair value measurements
of financial instruments for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Risk management is carried out by the Company&rsquo;s management team with
guidance from the Board of Directors. The Company's risk exposures and their impact on the Company's financial instruments were as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"><B>a)</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>Credit risk</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Company if a customer
of counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its obligations. The Company&rsquo;s maximum exposure to credit risk at the financial
position date under its financial instruments is summarized as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 98%; margin-left: 14.2pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31, 2024</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31, 2023</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 69%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Cash </B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2,473,649</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3,447,665</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>


<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">All of the Company&rsquo;s cash is held with major financial institutions
in Canada and management believes the exposure to credit risk with such institutions is minimal. The Company considers the risk of material
loss to be significantly mitigated due to the financial strength of the major financial institutions where cash is held. The Company has
no exposure to the ongoing banking crisis. The Company&rsquo;s maximum exposure to credit risk as at December 31, 2024 and 2023 is the
carrying value of its financial assets.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"><B>b)</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>Liquidity risk</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to
meet its obligations associated with financial liabilities. The Company has a planning and budgeting process in place by which it anticipates
and determines the funds required to support normal operation requirements as well as the growth and development of its intellectual property
portfolio.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">The Company&rsquo;s financial assets are comprised of its cash,
accounts receivable and the financial liabilities are comprised of its accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and lease liability.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">The contractual maturities of these financial liabilities as at
December 31, 2024 and 2023 are summarized below:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 98%; margin-left: 14.2pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="15" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Payments due by period as of December 31, 2024</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Total</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Less than 3 months</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Between 3 months and 1 year</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1-3 years</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Accounts payable and accrued liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">147,205</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">147,205</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Lease liability</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">38,785</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">23,124</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">15,661</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">185,990</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">170,329</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">15,661</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0 0 10pt"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 31 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 4pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->30<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt; font-size: 10pt"></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>15. Financial
instruments and risk management (continued)</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 98%; margin-left: 14.2pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="15" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Payments due by period as of December 31, 2023</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Total</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Less than 3 months</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Between 3 months and 1 year</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1-3 years</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Accounts payable and accrued liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">283,428</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">283,428</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Lease liability</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">11,510</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">11,510</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">294,938</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">294,938</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"><B>c)</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>Market risk</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.15pt">i)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Interest Rate Risk</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt; margin: 0 0 0 28.35pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 28.35pt">Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash
flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate due to changes in market interest rates. The Company&rsquo;s bank accounts bear interest.
Management believes that the credit risk concentration with respect to financial instruments included in cash is minimal.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt; margin: 0 0 0 28.35pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.15pt">ii)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Foreign Currency Risk</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -14.15pt; margin: 0 0 0 28.35pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 28.35pt">As at December 31, 2024, the Company is exposed to currency risk
on the following financial assets and liabilities denominated in Canadian Dollars (&ldquo;CAD&rdquo;) and European Euro (&ldquo;EUR&rdquo;).
The sensitivity of the Company&rsquo;s net earnings due to changes in the exchange rate between the CAD and EUR against the U.S. dollar
is included in the table below in U.S. dollar equivalents:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 28.35pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 97%; margin-left: 28.35pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">CAD</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">EUR</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Total</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 58%; font-size: 10pt">Cash</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 11%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">684,491</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 11%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 11%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">684,491</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Accounts payable and accrued liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(111,155</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(111,155</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Net exposure</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">573,336</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">573,336</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Effect of +/- 10% change in currency</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">57,334</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&mdash;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company thoroughly examines the various financial instruments and risks
to which it is exposed and assesses the impact and likelihood of those risks. These risks include foreign currency risk, interest rate
risk, market risk, credit risk, and liquidity risk. Where material, these risks are reviewed and monitored by the Board of Directors</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">There have been no changes in any risk management policies since December 31,
2023.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 32 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 4pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->31<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B>For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022</B></P><P STYLE="border-bottom: Black 0.5pt solid; margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>(Expressed in U.S. Dollars)</B></FONT></P><P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>16. Capital</B></FONT><B>
management</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0; background-color: white"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company defines capital that it manages as shareholders&rsquo; equity.
The Company manages its capital structure in order to have funds available to support its research and development and sustain the future
development of the business. When managing capital, the Company&rsquo;s objective is to ensure the entity continues as a going concern
as well as to maintain optimal returns to shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders. Management adjusts the capital structure as
necessary in order to support its activities.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Since inception, the Company&rsquo;s objective in managing capital is to ensure
sufficient liquidity to finance its research and development activities, general and administrative expenses, expenses associated with
intellectual property protection, and its overall capital expenditures. There were no changes during the year ended December 31, 2024.
The Company is not exposed to external requirements by regulatory agencies regarding its capital.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>17. Commitments</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt; background-color: white">The
Company has long-term arrangements with commitments that are not recognized as liabilities as at December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023
are as follows:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 7.1pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>a)</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt; background-color: white"><B>Employment Agreements</B></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31, <BR>2024</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31, <BR>2023</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Management services &ndash; officers</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">321,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">321,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The President, CEO, and a director of the Company has a long-term employment
agreement with the Company. The agreement has a termination clause whereby he is entitled to the equivalent of 12 times his then current
monthly salary which, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, equated to an annual salary of $321,000.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; background-color: white"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 7.1pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>b)</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt; background-color: white"><B>Payments</B></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 21.3pt; background-color: white">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">In the normal course of business, the Company has committed to payments totaling
$323,000 (December 31, 2023 - $446,000) for activities related to its clinical trial, manufacturing, collaboration programs, and other
regular business activities which are expected to occur over the next two years.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>18. Segmented
information</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company operates in one reportable operating segment, being the development
and commercialization of therapies to treat gout and progressive kidney disease. As the operations comprise a single reporting segment,
amounts disclosed also represent segment amounts. All long-term assets of the Company are located in Canada.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>19. Subsequent events</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0 0 10pt">Subsequent to the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company:</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">a)</TD><TD>issued 233,000 common shares for exercise of pre-funded warrants; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">b)</TD><TD>issued 73,871 common shares in an at-the-market offering for net proceeds of $109,666.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">32</P>

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<TYPE>EX-99.2
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<FILENAME>exh_992.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 99.2
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="text-align: right; margin: 0"><B>Exhibit 99.2</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; margin: 4.1pt 0 0; color: #004699">XORTX THERAPEUTICS INC.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; margin: 0">Management Discussion and Analysis</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; margin: 0">For the year ended December 31, 2024</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">This management discussion and analysis of financial position and
results of operations <B>(&ldquo;MD&amp;A&rdquo;</B>) is prepared as at March 21, 2025 and should be read in conjunction with the audited
consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto of XORTX Therapeutics Inc. (the <B>&ldquo;Company&rdquo;</B> or <B>&ldquo;XORTX&rdquo;</B>)
for the year ended December 31, 2024, which have been prepared in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards (<B>&ldquo;IFRS&rdquo;</B>)
as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (<B>&ldquo;IASB&rdquo;</B>) and interpretations of the International Financial
Reporting Interpretations Committee (<B>&ldquo;IFRIC&rdquo;</B>). All dollar figures in this MD&amp;A are expressed in US dollars unless
stated otherwise.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">In this discussion, unless the context requires otherwise, references to &ldquo;we&rdquo;
or &ldquo;our&rdquo; are references to XORTX Therapeutics Inc.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0; color: #004699">CORPORATE INFORMATION</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">XORTX was incorporated under the laws of Alberta, Canada on August 24, 2012,
under the name ReVasCor Inc. and continued under the Canada Business Corporations Act on February 27, 2013, under the name of XORTX Pharma
Corp. Upon completion of a reverse take-over transaction on January 10, 2018, with APAC Resources Inc., a company incorporated under the
laws of British Columbia, the Company changed its name to &ldquo;XORTX Therapeutics Inc.&rdquo; and XORTX Pharma Corp. became a wholly-owned
subsidiary. The Company&rsquo;s operations and mailing address is <FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.45pt">3710 &ndash; 33<SUP>rd</SUP> Street
NW, </FONT>Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2L 2M1 and its registered address is located at 250 Howe Street, 20<SUP>th</SUP> Floor, Vancouver,
British Columbia, V6C 3R8. The Company&rsquo;s shares trade on the TSX Venture Exchange (&ldquo;<B>TSXV</B>&rdquo;) and on the Nasdaq
Stock Exchange (&ldquo;<B>Nasdaq</B>&rdquo;) under the symbol &ldquo;XRTX&rdquo;, and on the B&ouml;rse Frankfurt under the symbol &ldquo;ANU&rdquo;.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0; color: #004699">FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.5pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">This MD&amp;A contains certain statements, other than statements of historical
fact that are forward-looking statements, which reflect the current view of the Company with respect to future events including corporate
developments, financial performance and general economic conditions which may affect the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.1pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this MD&amp;A,
including statements regarding our strategy, future operations, future financial position, future revenue, projected costs, prospects,
plans, objectives of management and expected market growth are forward-looking statements. These statements involve known and unknown
risks, uncertainties and other important factors that may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different
from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The words &ldquo;anticipate,&rdquo; &ldquo;believe,&rdquo; &ldquo;could,&rdquo;
&ldquo;estimate,&rdquo; &ldquo;expect,&rdquo; &ldquo;intend,&rdquo; &ldquo;may,&rdquo; &ldquo;plan,&rdquo; &ldquo;potential,&rdquo; &ldquo;predict,&rdquo;
&ldquo;project,&rdquo; &ldquo;should,&rdquo; &ldquo;target,&rdquo; &ldquo;will,&rdquo; &ldquo;would&rdquo; and similar expressions are
intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. These forward-
looking statements include, among other things, statements about:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">our ability to obtain additional financing;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the accuracy of our estimates regarding expenses, costs associated with clinical trials, regulatory and
commercial activities, future revenues and capital requirements;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the success and timing of our preclinical studies and clinical trials;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">our ability to obtain and maintain regulatory approval of <FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">&ldquo;</FONT>XORLO<SUP>TM</SUP>&rdquo;<FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.15pt">,
XORTX&rsquo;s proprietary formulation of oxypurinol for use in the Company&rsquo;s XRx-026 program to treat gout, and its XRx-008 program
to treat ADPKD, </FONT>and any other product candidates we may develop, and the labeling under any approval we may obtain;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">regulatory approvals and other regulatory developments in the United States and other countries;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the performance of third-party manufacturers and contract research organizations;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">our plans to develop and commercialize our product candidates;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">our plans to advance research in other kidney disease applications;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our ability to obtain and maintain intellectual property protection for our product candidates;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the successful development of our sales and marketing capabilities;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the potential markets for our product candidates and our ability to serve those markets;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the rate and degree of market acceptance of any future products;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the success of competing drugs that are or become available; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the loss of key scientific or management personnel.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.35pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">XORTX relies on certain key expectations and assumptions in making the forecasts,
projections, predictions or estimations set out in forward-looking information. These factors and assumptions are based on information
available at the time that the forward-looking information is provided. These include, but are not limited to, expectations and assumptions
concerning:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.15pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 36pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</font></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the availability of capital on acceptable terms to fund planned expenditures;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 36pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>prevailing regulatory, tax and environmental laws and regulations; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 36pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the ability to secure necessary personnel, equipment and services.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.4pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Undue reliance should not be placed on forward-looking information because
a number of risks and factors may cause actual results to differ materially from those set out in such forward-looking information. These
include:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0pt; text-align: right"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 36pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</font></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">the availability of capital on acceptable terms;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0pt; text-align: right"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 36pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</font></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">incorrect assessments of the value of acquisitions, licenses and development programs;</TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 36pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>technical, manufacturing and processing problems;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 36pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>actions by governmental authorities, including increases in taxes;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 36pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>fluctuations in foreign exchange, currency, or interest rates and stock market volatility;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 36pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>failure to realize the anticipated benefits from licenses or acquisitions;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 36pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the other factors specifically identified as risk factors in this MD&amp;A; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 36pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>potential labour unrest.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.4pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Readers are cautioned that the foregoing list of factors should not be construed
as exhaustive. Further information relating to risks is included in this MD&amp;A under Risks Related to the Business.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Except as may be required by applicable law or stock exchange regulation, XORTX
undertakes no obligation to update publicly or release any revisions to these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances
after the date of this document or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance
on forward-looking statements. If XORTX does update one or more forward-looking statements, no inference should be drawn that additional
updates will be made with respect to those or other forward-looking statements. Additional information relating to the Company is available
by accessing the SEDAR+ website at www.sedarplus.ca.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004699"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0; color: #004699">BUSINESS OVERVIEW</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">XORTX is a late-stage clinical pharmaceutical company, focused on developing
and potentially commercializing innovative therapies to treat diseases modulated by aberrant purine and uric acid metabolism in indications
such as gout, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (&ldquo;<B>ADPKD</B>&rdquo;) <FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.25pt">an orphan
(rare) disease </FONT>and larger, more prevalent type 2 diabetic nephropathy (&ldquo;<B>T2DN</B>&rdquo;) as well as acute kidney injury
(&ldquo;<B>AKI</B>&rdquo;) associated with respiratory virus infection.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Our focus is on developing unique therapeutic products to:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.5pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">1/ treat gout patients, specifically those that have shown an intolerance
to treatment with allopurinol;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">2/ slow or reverse the progression of chronic kidney disease in patients
at risk of end stage kidney failure;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0.05pt 0 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0.05pt 0 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">3/ address the immediate need of individuals facing AKI associated
with respiratory virus infection; and</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">4/ identify other opportunities where our existing and new intellectual
property can be leveraged to address health issues.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">We believe that our technology is underpinned by well-established
research and insights into the underlying biology of aberrant purine metabolism, chronically high serum uric acid and its health consequences.
Our aim is to advance a novel proprietary formulation of oxypurinol, a uric acid lowering agent that works by effectively inhibiting xanthine
oxidase. We are developing product candidates that include new or existing drugs that can be adapted to address disease indications where
aberrant purine metabolism and/or elevated uric acid is a common denominator, including gout, polycystic kidney disease, pre-diabetes,
insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, diabetic nephropathy, and infection. We are focused on building a pipeline of assets
to address the unmet medical needs of patients with a variety of serious or life-threatening diseases using our innovative formulation
of oxypurinol, and in combination with uric acid lowering agents - a pipeline-in-a-product strategy supported by our intellectual property,
established exclusive manufacturing agreements, and proposed clinical trials with experienced clinicians.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Our four current unique product development programs are:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>XRx-026</B>, a program for the treatment of gout;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>XRx-008</B>, a program for the treatment of ADPKD;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>XRx-101</B>, a program to treat AKI associated with respiratory virus infection, AKI and associated
health consequences; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>XRx- 225</B>, a program for the treatment of T2DN.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">At XORTX, we aim to develop medications to improve the quality of life of patients
with life threatening diseases by modulating aberrant purine and uric acid metabolism.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0; color: #004699">Our Proprietary Therapeutic Platforms</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Our expertise and understanding of the pathological effects of aberrant purine
metabolism combined with our understanding of uric acid lowering agent structure and function, has enabled the development of our proprietary
therapeutic platforms. These are a complementary suite of therapeutic formulations and new chemical entities designed to provide unique
solutions for acute and chronic disease. Our therapeutic platforms can be used alone, or in combination, with synergistic activity for
a tailored approach to a variety of indications. We continue to leverage these therapeutic platforms to expand our pipeline of novel and
next generation drug-based product candidates. We believe these could represent significant improvements to the standard of care in multiple
acute and chronic cardiovascular and renal diseases.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">We believe our in-house drug design and formulation capabilities confer a competitive
advantage to our therapeutic platforms. Some of these key advantages are:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Highly Modular and Customizable</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.5pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">Our platforms can be combined in multiple ways and this synergy can
be applied to address acute, intermittent or chronic disease progression. For example, our XRx-026 and XRx-008 programs are designed for
longer term stable chronic oral dosing of xanthine oxidase inhibitors (&ldquo;<B>XOI</B>&rdquo;), decreasing production of uric acid.
We believe that our formulation technology allow us to manage the unique challenges of cardiovascular and renal disease by modulating
purine metabolism and its negative health consequences on the body. our XRx-101 program for AKI associated with respiratory virus infection
is designed to produce rapid suppression of hyperuricemia and then maintain purine metabolism at a low level during viral infection and
target management of acute organ injury.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; margin: 0">Fit-for-purpose</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Our platforms can be utilized to engineer new chemical entities and formulations
of those agents that have enhanced properties<FONT STYLE="color: #221F1F">. For example, our XRx-225 product candidate program represents
a potential new class of xanthine oxidase inhibitor(s) with a design that enhances their anti-in&fllig;ammatory activity. </FONT>The capability
of tailoring the potential therapeutic benefit of this class of new agents permits us to identify targets and diseases that may respond
to treatment. Through rational design, we can further optimize proprietary formulations to maximize their clinical potential and importantly
their therapeutic effects, while minimizing their side effect profile.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">Readily Scalable and Transferable</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.5pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Our in-house small molecule and formulations design expertise can create a
steady succession of drug product candidates that are scalable, efficient to manufacture and produce large scale, high purity active pharmaceutical
drug product. We believe this will provide a competitive advantage, new intellectual property and the opportunity to provide first-in-class
products that target unmet medical needs and meaningful improvements to quality of life.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Our team&rsquo;s expertise in uric acid lowering agents, speci&filig;cally
in the development and use of xanthine oxidase inhibitors, has enabled the development of our therapeutic product candidates to treat
the symptoms of, and potentially delay the progression of gout, ADPKD, AKI associated with respiratory virus infection, and T2DN.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">We note that there is no guarantee that the United States Food and Drug Administration
(&ldquo;<B>FDA</B>&rdquo;) will approve our proposed uric acid lowering agent(s) and product candidates.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0; color: #004699">Product Candidate Pipeline</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Our product candidates include XRx-026, XRx-008, XRx-101, and XRx-225. Our
lead program, XRx-026 is designed to treat gout. This program has recently been elevated in status as it represents a near-term opportunity
for marketing approval and revenue generation. The company believes that this program has sufficiently advanced through required chemistry,
manufacturing pharmacology, toxicology and clinical work and is ready for NDA submission. XORTX has requested a Type C meeting with the
FDA to review status prior to preparing to file an NDA. The Company&rsquo;s second program, XRx-008, has reported topline results for
the XRX-OXY-101 Bridging Pharmacokinetic Study of XORLO<SUP>TM</SUP> (the &ldquo;<B>XRX-OXY-101 PK Clinical Trial</B>&rdquo;) in advance
of initiating Phase 3 registration clinical trial testing, the last stage of clinical development before application for FDA approval.
Discussions with the FDA have confirmed that a single clinical trial with a one-year treatment period would be sufficient to make this
program eligible for accelerated approval once the benefit of XORLO<SUP>TM</SUP> on decreasing the rate of decline of glomerular filtration
rate was demonstrated. Our reported study XRX-OXY-101 supports both the XRx-008 and XRx-101 programs. Future late-stage clinical studies
targeting attenuation or reversal of AKI in hospitalized individuals with respiratory virus infection are planned. XRx-225 is a non-clinical
stage program advancing new chemical entities toward the clinical development stage.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; margin: 0">Products</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.5pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company&rsquo;s lead and most advanced development program, XRx-026, has
a pending type C meeting request with the FDA, to review program status and confirm readiness for filing an NDA for marketing approval
for gout patients. XORTX intends to advance this drug to marketing approval pending its FDA discussions. The company believes that peak
net sales revenue for this product could reach more than $500 million USD per year.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">XRx-008 is XORTX&rsquo;s late clinical stage program focused on demonstrating
the potential of its novel product candidate for ADPKD. XRx-008 is the development name given to XORTX's therapeutics program and associated
proprietary oral formulation of oxypurinol, appropriate for use in individuals with progressively decreasing kidney filtering capacity.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">XORTX is also developing a drug product combination therapy that includes both
intravenous uric acid lowering therapy combined with an oral anti-hyperuricemic xanthine oxidase inhibitor, XRx-101, for use in treating
patients with AKI associated with respiratory virus infection and/or associated co-morbidities including sepsis.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0.05pt 0 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">XORTX is currently evaluating novel XOI candidates for its XRx-225
program to treat T2DN as well as developing new chemical entities to address other orphan and large market disease patients with unmet
medical needs.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; margin: 0">Patents</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">XORTX is the exclusive licensee of two U.S. granted patents with claims to
the use of all uric acid lowering agents to treat insulin resistance and diabetic nephropathy. Counterparts for some of these patent applications
have also been submitted in Europe. In both the US and Europe, XORTX wholly owns composition of matter patent applications for unique
proprietary formulations of xanthine oxidase inhibitors &ndash; U.S. and European patents have been granted. XORTX has also submitted
two patent applications to cover the use of uric acid lowering agents for the treatment of the health consequences of respiratory virus
infection. Recently, XORTX filed a third provisional patent application covering formulations and methods of dosing xanthine oxidase inhibitors
in individuals with kidney disease.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004699"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0; color: #004699">OUR STRATEGY</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company&rsquo;s goal is to apply our interdisciplinary expertise and pipeline-in-a-product
strategy to further identify, develop and commercialize novel treatments in orphan and broader indications, with an initial focus on gout
patients with significant unmet medical needs.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.55pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Our ability to implement our business strategy is subject to numerous risks.
These risks include, among others (see &ldquo;Risks Related to the Business&rdquo;):</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Symbol; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in; margin: 0.25pt 0 0 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0.25pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.6pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 35.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">we will require substantial additional funding, which may not be available to us on acceptable terms,
or at all, and, if not available, may require us to alter, delay, scale back, or cease our product development programs or operations;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0.25pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.6pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 35.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">we have incurred significant losses since inception and anticipate that we will continue to incur losses
for the foreseeable future;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0.15pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.55pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 35.45pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">we have not generated any revenue to date and may never be profitable;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0.1pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.6pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 35.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">we have a limited number of product candidates, all of which are still in preclinical or clinical development,
and we may fail to obtain regulatory approval or experience significant delays in doing so;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0.25pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.6pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 35.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">our product candidates may have undesirable side effects that may delay or prevent marketing approval
or, if approved, require them to be taken off the market, require them to include contraindications, warnings and precautions, limitations
of use, or otherwise limit their sales;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0.2pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.6pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 35.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">we may be unable to obtain regulatory approval for our product candidates under applicable regulatory
requirements, and the denial or delay of any such approval would delay commercialization of our product candidates, if approved, and adversely
impact our potential to generate revenue, our business and our results of operations;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0.05pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.6pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 35.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">security breaches, loss of data and other disruptions could compromise sensitive information related to
our business or protected health information or prevent us from accessing critical information and expose us to liability, which could
adversely affect our business and our reputation;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0.05pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.6pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 35.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">our existing strategic partnerships are important to our business, and future strategic partnerships may
also be important to us; if we are unable to maintain any of these strategic partnerships, or if these strategic partnerships are not
successful, we may not realize the anticipated benefits of our strategic partnerships and our business could be adversely affected;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.6pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 35.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">we rely on third parties to monitor, support, conduct and oversee clinical trials of the product candidates
that we are developing and, in some cases, to maintain regulatory files for those product candidates;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0.25pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.6pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 35.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">our commercial success depends significantly on our ability to operate without infringing the patents
and other proprietary rights of third parties;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0.25pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.6pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 35.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">our patents covering one or more of our products or product candidates could be found invalid or unenforceable
if challenged;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -35.4pt; margin: 0.1pt 0 0 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0.1pt 0 0 0.5in; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0.15pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.6pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol"></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 35.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</font></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">if we are unable to obtain, maintain and enforce patent and trade secret protection for our
product candidates and related technology, our business could be materially harmed; and</TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0.15pt; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.6pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 35.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol; color: #004699">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">if we are unable to protect the confidentiality of our proprietary information, the value of our technology
and products could be adversely affected.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004699"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0; color: #004699">Funding Requirements</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company has not generated any revenue from product sales to date and does
not expect to do so until such time as XORTX obtains regulatory approval for and commercializes one or more of our product candidates.
As the Company is currently in clinical and preclinical stages of development, it will be some time before we expect to achieve commercialization
of one or more of our products and it is uncertain that we ever will. We expect that we will continue to increase our operating expenses
in connection with ongoing clinical trials and preclinical activities and the development of product candidates in our pipeline. We also
expect to continue our strategic partnerships and we continue to seek additional collaboration opportunities. Further, we expect to continue
our efforts to pursue additional grants and refundable tax credits from the Canadian government in order to further our research and development.
Although it is difficult to predict our funding requirements, based upon our current operating plan, the Company anticipates that our
existing cash and cash equivalents as of December 31, 2024, combined with the net proceeds of future financings, will enable us to advance
the development of the XRx-026 and XRx-008 product candidates. XRx-026 will be the Company&rsquo;s focus short term, subject to available
funds. The remaining XRx-008, XRx-101 and XRx-225 programs will not be advanced until sufficient additional funding is available. A small
portion of the Company&rsquo;s resources will be allocated to intellectual property development. XORTX may also be eligible to receive
certain research, development, and commercial milestone payments in the future. However, because the successful development of our product
candidates and the achievement of milestones by our strategic partners are uncertain, we are unable to estimate the actual funds required
to complete the research, development, and commercialization of our product candidates.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0; color: #004699">RECENT DEVELOPMENTS</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0; color: #214288"><B>Financing Activities</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">On October 18,
2024, the Company closed its registered direct offering and concurrent private placement for the purchase and sale of: (i) 320,000 common
share units at a price of $1.85 per unit, with each unit consisting of one common share and one warrant to purchase one common share;
and (ii) 490,810 pre-funded warrant units at a price of $1.8499 per pre-funded unit, with each pre-funded unit consisting of one pre-funded
warrant to purchase one common share and one warrant to purchase one common share. Aggregate gross proceeds amounted to $1,499,993. The
pre-funded warrants have an exercise price of $0.00001 per share, and will terminate once exercised in full. As at the date of this MD&amp;A,
all Pre-Funded Warrants have been exercised. The unit warrants are immediately exercisable at an exercise price of $2.18 and expire five
years from issuance. The Company intends to use the net proceeds from the offering for working capital and general corporate purposes.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">On February 15 and March 4, 2024, the Company closed two tranches of a non-brokered
offering of 899,717 common share units at a price of CAD $3 per common share unit for aggregate gross proceeds of $2,000,549 (CAD $2,699,151).
Each common share unit consisted of one common share and one warrant to purchase one common share at CAD $4.50 per common share for a
period of two years. The warrants were immediately exercisable and may be exercised for two years from the date of issuance, provided
however that, if the common shares on the TSXV trade at greater than CAD $6.00 for ten (10) or more consecutive trading days, the warrants
will be accelerated and the warrants will expire on the 30<SUP>th</SUP>&nbsp;business day following notice. In connection with the non-brokered
offering, the Company paid finder&rsquo;s fees of $97,241 (CAD $132,551), representing a 5% finder&rsquo;s fee on certain subscriptions
to qualified finders.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 12pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 12pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company announced it had
received TSXV approval to amend the terms of an aggregate of 1,125,210 outstanding common share purchase warrants as follows:</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">198,333 of the warrants issued pursuant to the private placement that closed on February 9, 2021 and which
had an original exercise price of CAD $42.26 per share (CAD $0.40 per share, adjusted to reflect the 2021 and 2023 Share Consolidations),
the TSXV has approved an amended exercise price of $5.00.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">270,211 of the warrants issued pursuant to the prospectus offering that closed on October 15, 2021 and
which had an original exercise price of $42.93 per share ($4.77 per share, adjusted to reflect the 2023 Share Consolidation), the TSXV
has approved an amended exercise price of $5.00.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">101,111 of the warrants issued pursuant to the prospectus offering that closed on October 15, 2021 and
which had an original exercise price of $10.53 per share ($1.17 per share, adjusted to reflect the 2023 Share Consolidation), the TSXV
has approved an amended exercise price of $5.00.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">555,555 of the warrants issued pursuant to the prospectus offering that closed on October 7, 2022 and
which had an original exercise price of $10.98 per share ($1.22 per share, adjusted to reflect the 2023 Share Consolidation), the TSXV
has approved an amended exercise price of $5.00.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">If the volume weighted average price for the Company&rsquo;s common shares
on TSXV is greater than $6.50 (approximately CAD $8.7562) per common share for a period of ten (10) consecutive trading days, then the
Company may give notice to the Holders of the Warrant by way of a news release (the <B>&ldquo;Notice&rdquo;</B>) notifying such Holder
that the warrants must be exercised within thirty (30) calendar days from the date of delivery of such Notice, otherwise the warrants
will expire at 4:30 p.m. (Calgary time) on the 30<SUP>th</SUP> day after the date of delivery of the Notice (the <B>&ldquo;Forced Conversion
Right&rdquo;</B>). Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Forced Conversion Right shall only be available to the Company
on or after such time in which such forced exercise of the warrants will result in the issuance of free trading shares to the Holder.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0; color: #214288"><B>Regulatory Advancements</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">On January 3, 2024, the Company announced the submission of a new patent for
the treatment of chronic kidney disease (<B>&ldquo;CKD&rdquo;</B>). This patent is designed to protect new discoveries and strategies
for the treatment of individuals with varied degrees of kidney function in the setting of CKD.</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #214288"><B>Changes in Officers and Directors </B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0; color: #004699">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">On March 27, 2024, the Company announced Dr. Ronald Perrone has joined the
Company&rsquo;s Clinical Advisory Board.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">On April 8, 2024, the Company announced the appointment of Ms. Abigail Jenkins
to the Board of Directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">On December 19, 2024, the Company announced the appointment of Dr. Michael
Bumby as Chief Financial Officer to replace James Fairbairn.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004699"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0; color: #004699">FUTURE PLANS AND OUTLOOK</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">XORTX intends to grow its business by developing four programs, one focused
on the treatment of gout and three on the treatment of kidney disease.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Recent independent peer-reviewed research that reported that genetic factors
are linked to the over-expression of xanthine oxidase (&ldquo;<B>XO</B>&rdquo;) and play a role in several diseases, including kidney
disease, have provided the Company with the opportunity to develop diagnostics that identify specific genetic factors. These diagnostic
tools alongside the Company&rsquo;s expertise at developing unique formulations of uric acid lowering agents and XO inhibitors will permit
XORTX to tailor treatments to subpopulations of individuals that have common susceptibility or similar response to a particular drug.
The Company will begin evaluating individuals as early as our planned registration clinical trial in patients with ADPKD providing XORTX
with an opportunity to better understand the role these genetic factors play in progressive kidney disease.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">In 2025, XORTX will focus on advancing its XRx-026 program to provide a therapeutic
option to patients with allopurinol intolerant gout, by preparing an US FDA marketing approval application. The Company will also continue
to advance a proprietary formulation of oxypurinol in the XRx-008 program for ADPKD and for efficacy testing during a Phase 2/3 &ldquo;registration&rdquo;
clinical trial program &ndash; XRX-OXY-201. Discussions with the FDA and initiation of commercialization activities for XORLO<SUP>TM</SUP>
will be a priority as will advancing research in other kidney disease applications. To achieve these objectives, XORTX&rsquo;s action
plan includes:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.05pt">1.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>Under the XRx-026 program, for treatment of gout, with a specific focus on allopurinol intolerant gout.
</B>The Company has submitted a Type C meeting request with the FDA using the 505(b)2 development pathway. This request references the
clinical development history including phase 1, 2 clinical study results, a prior approvable l letter for oxypurinol for gout. The meeting
request presents comprehensive chemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and clinical data, and seeks confirmation that the company has completed
development activities sufficient to warrant submission of an NDA for the treatment of gout. Pending the results of the Type C meeting,
the Company anticipates initiating commercial supply of drug product, preparing an NDA for submission in fiscal 2025, entering discussions
with potential marketing and selling partners in the US and in other major global markets, and preparing for commercialization in late
2026. (Estimated cost - $9 to $18 million.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.05pt">2.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>Under the XRx-008 program, initiate the Pivotal Registration clinical trial named &ldquo;XRX-OXY-201&rdquo;,
to support an application for &ldquo;Accelerated Approval&rdquo; of a proprietary formulation of oxypurinol for individuals with ADPKD.
</B>The XRX-OXY-201 Clinical Trial is a Phase 2b/3a, Multi-Centre, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled, Randomized Withdrawal Design Study
to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Oxypurinol Formulation in Patients with Progressing Stage 3-4 ADPKD and Coexistent Hyperuricemia.
The XRX-OXY-201 Clinical Trial will provide data for future &ldquo;Accelerated Approval&quot; NDA submissions to the FDA and MAA to the
EMA. Subject to available financing, the XRX-OXY-201 Clinical Trial is planned to start in the first half of 2025 and enroll individuals
with stage 3 or 4 ADPKD and presenting with chronically high uric acid. The objective of the XRX-OXY-201 Clinical Trial is to evaluate
the ability of XORLO<SUP>TM</SUP> to slow rate of decline of glomerular filtration rate and/or the expansion of total kidney volume over
a 12-month treatment period. An estimated 150 patients will be enrolled with 120 patients completing the study. (Estimated cost - $5 million
to $30 million.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.05pt">3.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>Under the XRx-008 program, prepare and communicate with the FDA and EMA regarding a second phase clinical
trial named &ldquo;XRX-OXY-301&rdquo;, a Full Registration trial in ADPKD. </B>The XRX-OXY-301 Clinical Trial is a Phase 3, Multi-Centre,
Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled, Randomized Withdrawal Design Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Oxypurinol Formulation
in Patients with Progressing Stage 2-4 ADPKD and Coexistent Hyperuricemia with progressing stage 2, 3, or 4 kidney disease. The objective
of the XRX-OXY-301 Clinical Trial is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of XORLO<SUP>TM</SUP> for the XRx-008 program over a 24-month
treatment period and obtain &ldquo;full FDA marketing approval&rdquo;. The aim of the XRX-OXY-301 Clinical Trial is to characterize the
ability of XORLO<SUP>TM</SUP> to potentially decrease the rate of decline of glomerular filtration rate. An estimated 300 patients will
be enrolled. Subject to available financing, the XRX-OXY-301 Clinical Trial will not be scheduled or budgeted until XRX-OXY-201 is well
underway, and may be subject to SPA review by FDA.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 35.45pt"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.05pt">4.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>Ongoing CMC Work. </B>In parallel with XRx-026 and the XRX-OXY-201 and XRX-OXY-301 Clinical Trials,
XORTX will focus on scale-up, validation and stability testing of clinical drug product supplies of XORLO<SUP>TM</SUP> under the Company&rsquo;s
granted IND, as well as building, validating and characterizing the stability of future clinical and commercial supplies. All development
will be performed according to current GMP methodology. This work will be ongoing throughout 2025 to 2027. (Estimated cost of Clinical
and Commercial drug supply - $5 million to $15 million.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0 0 0 0.5in; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.05pt">5.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>Activities Related to Potential Commercial Launch.</B> In preparation for a possible commercial launch
of the XORLO<SUP>TM</SUP> product associated with the XRx-026 development program. XORTX will conduct commercialization studies to support
in-depth analysis of pricing and/or reimbursement, as well as evaluate product brand name selection and prepare related filings and conduct
other launch preparation activities. In addition, similar work will be conducted for the XRx-008 program. This work will be ongoing throughout
2025 to 2027. (Estimated cost - $1 and $8 million.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.05pt">6.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>Activities Related to European Registration. </B>XORTX will continue to work with and seek out guidance
from the EMA to facilitate the path to potential approval of its XRx-026 and XRx-008 programs in the EU, including required clinical studies
and reimbursement conditions. This work will be ongoing in 2025 through 2027 and will include continued pursuit of orphan drug status.
In addition, XORTX is updating its information dossier to support an orphan drug designation from the EMA. (Estimated cost - $1 and $8
million.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in; margin: 0 0 0 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">To achieve the above goals, XORTX will continue to pursue non-dilutive and
dilutive funding and expand discussions to partner with major pharma / biotech companies with a global reach. XORTX will also increase
financial and healthcare conference participation to further strengthen and expand its investor base.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004699"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0; color: #004699">SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY RESULTS</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The following table sets forth unaudited quarterly results prepared by management
for the eight previous quarters to December 31, 2024:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-indent: 20pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">(unaudited)</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024 Q4</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024 Q3</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024 Q2</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024 Q1</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 40%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Research and development</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">7,763</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">34,741</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">67,683</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">73,643</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Consulting, wages and benefits</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">256,569</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">213,340</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">360,617</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">224,721</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Directors&rsquo; fees</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">42,467</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">40,144</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">46,371</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">39,161</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Investor relations</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">181,897</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">236,603</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">502,265</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">439,405</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Professional fees</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">26,487</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">195,527</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">274,635</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">120,210</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">General and administrative</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">72,006</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">81,765</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">92,258</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">74,920</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Public company costs</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">24,845</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">30,823</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">56,053</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">29,683</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Travel</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">13,581</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">16,728</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,607</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Amortization of property and equipment</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">19,513</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">19,560</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">26,885</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">20,246</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Amortization of intangible assets</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">6,631</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">6,389</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">6,164</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">11,886</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Share based payments <SUP>(</SUP>1)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">9,505</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">15,857</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">44,031</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">53,134</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Loss/(gain) on derivative warrant liability</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(870,349</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(244,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(1,645,548</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,724,792</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Foreign exchange (gain) loss</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">57,336</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(14,715</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">17,744</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">12,644</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Interest income</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(25,331</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(29,023</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(35,952</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(31,602</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-left: 5.35pt">Transaction costs on derivative warrant liability</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">54,545</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">224,486</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Total (loss) income</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">122,535</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(587,011</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">170,066</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(3,018,936</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-left: 5.35pt">(Loss) income per share</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">0.04</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(0.20</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">0.06</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(1.24</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

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<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-left: 20pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">(unaudited)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2023 Q4</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2023 Q3</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2023 Q2</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2023 Q1</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 40%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Research and development</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">134,132</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">569,713</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">667,913</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,046,957</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Consulting, wages and benefits</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">260,607</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">249,033</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">343,606</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">184,312</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Directors&rsquo; fees</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">45,495</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">46,469</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">43,204</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">44,238</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Investor relations</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">278,934</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">236,934</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">223,334</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">180,288</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Professional fees</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">56,363</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">102,617</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">214,425</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">140,858</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">General and administrative</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">93,567</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">90,140</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">90,299</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">101,499</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Public company costs</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">29,630</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">45,822</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">47,371</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">47,361</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Travel</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">31,771</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">14,267</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">68,765</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">55,384</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Amortization of property and equipment</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">18,300</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">18,329</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">18,328</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">18,105</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Amortization of intangible assets</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">6,060</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(1,862</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">13,692</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">48,742</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Share based payments <SUP>(</SUP>1)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">28,815</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">21,850</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">30,769</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">39,550</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Gain on derivative warrant liability</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(3,641,403</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Foreign exchange (gain) loss</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">8,320</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3,668</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3,494</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(8,457</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Interest income</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(49,815</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(63,614</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(73,312</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(66,802</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-left: 5.35pt">Transaction costs on derivative warrant liability</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 5.35pt">Total (loss) income</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2,699,224</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(1,333,366</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(1,691,888</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(1,832,035</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-left: 5.35pt">(Loss) income per share</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1.38</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(0.67</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(0.85</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(0.95</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">Note: <SUP>(1)</SUP> Share based payments relate to the vesting of <FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.15pt">options
</FONT>over the <FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.15pt">period.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>Three months ended December 31, 2024</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company has a net income of $122,535 ($0.04 per share) for the three months
ended December 31, 2024, compared to a net income of $2,699,224 ($1.38 per share) in the three months ended December 31, 2023.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Variances within the loss items are as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B><I>Foreign Exchange loss</I></B> - $57,336 (2023 &ndash; $8,320) &ndash;
Foreign exchange loss $57,336 for the three months ended December 31, 2024 as compared to a loss of $8,320 in the prior year quarter primarily
due to an unrealized translation loss on the U.S. dollar denominated cash balance in the current quarter as compared to unrealized translation
loss on the CAD dollar denominated cash balance in the previous year quarter.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B><I>Investor relations </I></B>- $181,897 (2023 - $278,934) &ndash; Investor
relations expense decreased during the three months ended December 31, 2024 as the Company decreased its marketing and promotional activities.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B><I>Research and development </I></B>- $7,763 (2023 - $134,132) &ndash; Research
and development expenses decreased in the three months ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period last year as detailed in the
following table:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.2pt; margin: 0 0 1.6pt 0.7pt">The table below presents combined research
and development costs for XRx-026, XRx-008, XRx-101, and XRx-225 as the Company&rsquo;s projects are presently run concurrently and in
combination.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.2pt; margin: 0 0 1.6pt 0.7pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Q4 2024</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Q4 2023</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Change $</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Change %</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Clinical trials expenses <SUP>1</SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(32,400</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">5,675</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(38,075</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(671</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Manufacturing and related process expenses <SUP>2</SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">12,948</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">48,588</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(35,640</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(73</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Intellectual property expenses <SUP>3</SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,540</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">23,740</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(22,200</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(94</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">External consultants&rsquo; expenses <SUP>4</SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">25,675</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">56,129</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(30,454</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(54</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Total Research and development</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">7,763</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">134,132</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(126,369</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(94</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%)</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">Notes:</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.05pt">(1)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Clinical trials expenses include those costs associated with our clinical trial program which primarily
included expenses related to the XRx-008 and XRx-101 projects. Included in clinical trials expenses are regulatory and consulting activities,
contract research organization expenses, data management expenses, and other costs associated with our clinical trial program. Clinical
trials expenses decreased mainly as the bridging pharmacokinetics study was mostly completed at the end of 2022 as compared to the comparative
period when the XRX-OXY-101 PK Clinical Trial was starting as a new expense. In Q4 2024, a recovery of $32,452 was due to the write-off
of pre-existing accounts payable.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 10 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.05pt">(2)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Manufacturing and related process expenses includes third party direct manufacturing costs, quality control
testing and packaging costs. In Q4 2024, manufacturing costs primarily related to the Company's oxypurinol quality control and stability
related costs.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.05pt">(3)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Intellectual property expenses include legal and filing fees associated with our patent portfolio.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.05pt">(4)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">External consultants&rsquo; expenses include third party consultants engaged in the activities of research
and development, including chemistry, manufacturing, drug product development, regulatory, non-clinical and clinical study execution.
The decrease in external consultants&rsquo; expenses was attributed to decreased activity associated with completion of the XRX-OXY-101
PK Clinical Trial in Q4 2024 versus external consultants&rsquo; expenses in Q4 2023 which were associated with the initiation of the Company's
bridging study and a single registration trial associated to the XRx-008 program in individuals.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in; margin: 0 0 0 23.85pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B><I>Gain on derivative warrant liability</I></B> - $870,349 (2023 - $3,641,403)
&ndash; During the three months ended December 31, 2024, the gain relates to a decrease in the Company&rsquo;s share price and a decrease
in the remaining terms of the warrants which decrease the value of the derivative warrant liability. The warrants included in the units
issued under the offering in Q1-2024 have an exercise price in CAD dollars and are considered a derivative financial liability as the
exercise price is in a different currency than the functional currency of the entity. The warrants are initially recognized at fair value
and subsequently remeasured at fair value with changes recognized through profit or loss.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>Year ended December 31, 2024</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company incurred a loss of $3,313,346 ($1.15 per share) for the year ended
December 31, 2024, compared to a loss of $2,158,065 ($1.09 per share) in the year ended December 31, 2023.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Variances within the loss items are as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.05pt; margin: 0 0 0 5.9pt"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B><I>Consulting, wages and benefits</I></B> - $1,055,247 (2023 - $1,037,558)
&ndash; Consulting expenses were broadly consistent from the same period last year.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B><I>General and administrative</I></B> - $320,949 (2023 - $375,505) &ndash;
General and administrative expenses decreased due to lower directors&rsquo; and officers&rsquo; insurance premiums.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B><I>Investor relations </I></B>- $1,360,170 (2023 - $919,490) &ndash; Investor
relations expense increased as the Company increased its marketing, and promotional efforts with additional investor relations consultants.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B><I>Professional fees </I></B>- $616,859 (2023 - $514,263). Professional
fees, which consists mainly of accounting, audit and legal fees, increased during the year ended December 31, 2024 as compared with the
2023 period, due to the Company&rsquo;s increased corporate activity in relation to financings and various compliance requirements for
the SEC.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B><I>Research and development </I></B>- $183,830 (2023 - $2,418,715) &ndash;
Research and development expenses decreased in the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to the same period last year as detailed in
the following table (future expenditures will depend upon financial resource available):</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.2pt; margin: 0 0 1.6pt 0.7pt">The table below presents combined research
and development costs for XRx-026, XRx-008, XRx-101, and XRx-225 as the Company&rsquo;s projects are presently run concurrently and in
combination.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Q4 2024</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Q4 2023</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Change $</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Change %</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Clinical trials expenses <SUP>1</SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(19,282</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,057,307</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(1,076,589</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(102</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Manufacturing and related process expenses <SUP>2</SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">62,722</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">460,697</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(397,975</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(86</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Intellectual property expenses <SUP>3</SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">12,406</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">53,106</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(40,700</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(77</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Translational science expenses <SUP>4</SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">219,729</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(219,729</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(100</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">External consultants&rsquo; expenses <SUP>5</SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">127,984</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">627,876</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(499,892</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(80</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Total Research and development</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">183,830</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2,418,715</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(2,234,885</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(92</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%)</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">Notes:</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.05pt">(1)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Clinical trials expenses include those costs associated with our clinical trial program which primarily
included expenses related to the XRx-008 and XRx-101 projects. Included in clinical trials expenses are regulatory and consulting activities,
contract research organization expenses, data management expenses, and other costs associated with our clinical trial program. Clinical
trials expense decreased mainly as the bridging pharmacokinetics study was mostly completed at the end of 2022 as compared to the comparative
period when the XRX-OXY-101 PK Clinical Trial was starting as a new expense. In Q4 2024, a recovery of $32,452 was due to the write-off
of pre-existing accounts payable.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.05pt">(2)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Manufacturing and related process expenses includes third party direct manufacturing costs, quality control
testing and packaging costs. In Q4 2024, manufacturing costs primarily related to the Company's oxypurinol quality control and stability
related costs.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.05pt">(3)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Intellectual property expenses include legal and filing fees associated with our patent portfolio. No
significant change in intellectual property expenses in Q4 2024 as compared to Q4 2023.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.05pt">(4)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Translational science expenses include various research studies conducted to expand our intellectual knowledge
base related to oxypurinol and our proprietary formulations of oxypurinol, pharmacokinetic testing, non-clinical bioavailability studies,
pharmacology and toxicology testing and identify potential licensing opportunities.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.05pt">(5)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">External consultants&rsquo; expenses include third party consultants engaged in the activities of research
and development, including chemistry, manufacturing, drug product development, regulatory, non-clinical and clinical study execution.
The decrease in external consultants&rsquo; expenses was attributed to decreased activity associated with completion of the XRX-OXY-101
PK Clinical Trial in Q4 2024 versus external consultants&rsquo; expenses in Q4 2023 which were associated with the initiation of the Company's
bridging study and a single registration trial associated to the XRx-008 program in individuals.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in; margin: 0 0 0 23.85pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B><I>Travel</I></B> - $31,916 (2023 - $170,187) &ndash; Travel decreased during
the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared with the 2023 period due to a decrease in travel to investor conferences.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B><I>Gain on derivative warrant liability</I></B> - $1,035,105 (2023 - $3,641,403)
&ndash; During the year ended December 31, 2024, the gain relates to a decrease in the Company&rsquo;s share price and a decrease in the
remaining terms of the warrants which decrease the value of the derivative warrant liability. The warrants included in the units issued
under the offering in Q1-2024 have an exercise price in CAD dollars and are considered a derivative financial liability as the exercise
price is in a different currency than the functional currency of the entity. The warrants are initially recognized at fair value and subsequently
remeasured at fair value with changes recognized through profit or loss.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004799"><B>Selected Annual Financial Information </B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The financial information reported herein has been prepared in accordance with
IFRS. The Company uses the U.S. dollar as its presentation currency. The following table represents selected financial information for
the Company&rsquo;s fiscal years 2024, 2023 and 2022.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>Selected Statements of Comprehensive Loss Data</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2024</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2023</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2022</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Revenue</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">Nil</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">Nil</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">Nil</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 55%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Loss and comprehensive loss for the year</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3,313,346</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2,158,065</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">7,847,027</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Weighted average shares outstanding</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2,878,514</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,981,734</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,479,914</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Loss per share, basic and diluted</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1.15</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1.09</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">5.22</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>Selected Statements of Financial Position Data</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Dec. 31, 2024</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Dec. 31, 2023</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Dec. 31, 2022</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 55%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Cash and cash equivalents</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2,473,649</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3,447,665</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">10,434,196</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Net working capital</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,918,708</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3,242,845</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">9,384,265</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Total assets</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">4,094,527</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">5,467,964</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">12,374,026</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Long-term liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Nil</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">$</font></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">Nil</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3,865,912</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004699"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004699"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004699"><B></B></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; color: #004699"><B>Comparison of Operations for the 2024 and 2023 Financial Years</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2024</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2023</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Change $</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Change %</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 48%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;Research and development</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">183,830</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2,418,715</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(2,234,885</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(92</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;Consulting, wages and benefits</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,055,247</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,037,558</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">17,689</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;Directors&rsquo; fees</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">168,143</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">179,406</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(11,263</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(6</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;Investor relations</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,360,170</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">919,490</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">440,680</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">48</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;Professional fees</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">616,859</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">514,263</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">102,596</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">20</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;General and administrative</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">320,949</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">375,505</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(54,556</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(15</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;Public company costs</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">141,404</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">170,184</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(28,780</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(17</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;Travel</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">31,916</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">170,187</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(138,271</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(81</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;Amortization</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">117,274</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">139,694</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(22,420</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(16</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;Share-based payments</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">122,527</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">120,984</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,543</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;Gain on derivative warrant liability</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(1,035,105</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(3,641,403</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2,606,298</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(72</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;Foreign exchange</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">73,009</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">7,025</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">65,984</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">939</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;Interest and other expenses</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(121,908</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(253,543</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">131,635</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(52</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-left: 1.1pt">Transaction costs on derivative&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;warrant liability</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">279,031</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">279,031</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">100</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Loss for the Year</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3,313,346</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2,158,065</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,155,281</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">54</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Loss per Share</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1.15</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1.09</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(0.06</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">6</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0; color: #004699">Comparison of cash flows for the years ended
December 31, 2024 and 2023</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company realized a net cash outflow of $974,016 for the year ended December
31, 2024, compared to a cash outflow of $6,986,531 for the year ended December 31, 2023. The variances in the cash flow for the year ended
December 31, 2024, compared to December 31, 2023 were as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B><I>Operating activities </I></B>&ndash; Cash used in operating activities
for the year ended December 31, 2024, was $3,678,648 (2023 - $6,583,165). The cash used in operating activities was related to the net
loss during the year and non-cash items.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B><I>Investing activities </I></B>&ndash; Cash used in investing activities
for the year ended December 31, 2024, was $38,924 (2023 - $46,363). The cash used was related to the acquisition of intangible assets
and equipment during the periods.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B><I>Financing activities </I></B>&ndash; Cash provided by financing activities
in the year ended December 31, 2024, was $2,779,509 (2023 &ndash; cash used of $361,044). The cash provided was primarily related to i)
the non-brokered offerings that took place in February and March raising gross proceeds of CAD $2,699,151 through the issuance of 899,717
units at a subscription price of CAD $3.00 per unit and to (ii) the October 2024 offering and private placement for the purchase and sale
of 320,000 common shares 490,810 pre-funded warrant units for aggregate gross proceeds of $1,499,993.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004699"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; margin: 0; color: #004699">LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">As at December 31, 2024, the Company had a cash balance of $2,473,649 and working
capital of $1,918,708 as compared to a cash balance of $3,447,665 and working capital of $3,242,845 as at December 31, 2023. Working capital
included a non-cash component related to derivative warrant liability of $572,000 (2023 - $531,000) if this non-cash amount was excluded,
working capital would have been $2,490,708 (2023 - $3,773,845). During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company (i) closed two offerings
that consisted of <FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">899,717 common share units</FONT> at CAD $3.00 per unit for aggregate gross proceeds
of CAD $2,699,151 and (ii) closed a direct offering and private placement for the purchase and sale of 320,000 common share units at $1.85
per unit and 490,810 pre-funded warrant units at $1.8499 per unit for aggregate gross proceeds of $1,499,993.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Although there is no certainty, management is of the opinion that additional
funding for its projects and operations can be raised as needed. The Company is subject to a number of risks associated with the successful
development of new products and their marketing and the conduct of its clinical studies and their results. The Company will have to finance
its research and development activities and its clinical studies. To achieve the objectives in its business plan, the Company plans to
raise the necessary capital and to generate revenues. It is anticipated that the products developed by the Company will require approval
from the FDA and equivalent organizations in other countries before their sale can be authorized. If the Company is unsuccessful in obtaining
adequate financing in the future, corporate initiatives may be affected or postponed. The Company&rsquo;s current cash burn is approximately
$250,000 per month, however dependent on the timing of financing activities, expenditures will be adjusted to ensure a 12-month cash runway.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004699"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; margin: 0; color: #004699">USE OF FINANCING PROCEEDS</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.15pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The proceeds that the Company has used have been for funding operations and
general corporate purposes, including further research and development and manufacture of active pharmaceutical ingredients and drug product
to support clinical trials. The Company intends to continue to use the remaining net proceeds of the offering, together with existing
cash, for funding operations and general corporate purposes, which may include further research and development, clinical trials, manufacture
of active pharmaceutical ingredients and drug product to support clinical trials.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004699"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004699"><B>COMMITMENTS</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.35pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.1pt 0 0">The Company has long-term arrangements with commitments that are not
recognized as liabilities as at December 31, 2024 and 2023 as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.1pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.1pt 0 0"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt; background-color: white"><B>Employment Agreements</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.1pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31, <BR>2024</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31, <BR>2023</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 74%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-left: 5.85pt">Management services &ndash; officers</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">321,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">321,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.45pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The President, CEO and a director of the Company has a long-term employment
agreement with the Company. The agreement has a termination clause whereby he is entitled to the equivalent of 12 times his current monthly
salary which, as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, equated to an annual salary of $321,000.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt; background-color: white"><B>Payments
</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0pt; margin: 0 0 0 21.3pt; background-color: white">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">In the normal course of business, the Company has committed to payments totaling
$323,000 (December 31, 2023 - $446,000) for activities related to its clinical trials, manufacturing, collaboration programs and other
regular business activities which are expected to occur over the next two years.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; margin: 0; color: #004699">OFF BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.5pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company has no off-balance sheet arrangements.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; margin: 0; color: #004699">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; margin: 0; color: #004699">TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PARTIES</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">All related party transactions were measured at fair value. All amounts due
from/payable to related parties are unsecured, non-interest bearing and have no fixed terms of repayment.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company incurred the following
transactions with related parties:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt">a)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Wages and benefits and professional fees were paid or accrued to Allen Davidoff, the Chief Executive Officer
(&ldquo;CEO&rdquo;), in the amount of $391,655 (2023 - $337,794; 2022 - $369,494).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt">b)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Fees were paid or accrued to Michael Bumby, the Chief Financial Officer (&ldquo;CFO&rdquo;) of the Company
in the amount of $6,515 and to 1282803 Ontario Inc., a company owned by James Fairbairn, the former Chief Financial Officer of $149,820
(2023 - $156,217; 2022 - $164,547 (paid or accrued to the former CFO)).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.05pt; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt">c)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Research and development fees were paid or accrued to Haworth Biopharmaceutical, a company owned by Stephen
Haworth, the Chief Medical Officer (&ldquo;CMO&rdquo;) of the Company in the amount of $110,445 (2023 - $200,229; 2022 - $238,813).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-indent: -36.05pt; margin: 0 0 0 41.35pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt">d)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Consulting fees were paid or accrued to Stacy Evans, the Chief Business Officer (&ldquo;CBO&rdquo;) of
the Company in the amount of $157,500 (2023 - $280,000; 2022 - $44,946).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.05pt; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt">e)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Wages and benefits were paid or accrued to the former Chief Technology Officer (&ldquo;CTO&rdquo;) in
the amount of $nil (2023 - $nil, 2022 - $59,075)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36.05pt; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt">f)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Consulting fees were paid to a private entity controlled by the spouse of the Company&rsquo;s CEO in the
amount of $nil (2023 - $nil; 2022 - $3,512).</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt">g)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Directors&rsquo; fees were paid or accrued to the directors of the Company in the amount of $172,229 (2023
- $182,675; 2022 - $127,053). The amount includes payment of director fees of $123,133 for the year ended December 31, 2024 (2023 - $133,967;
2022 - $68,617) to Anthony Giovinazzo, Chairman of the Company.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt">h)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">As at December 31, 2024, $11,120 (2023 - $6,805) was payable to directors of the Company, $7,705 (2023
- $14,631 was payable or accrued to the former CFO) was payable and accrued to the CFO of the Company for CFO services, $8,000 (2023 -
$8,000) was payable and accrued to the CMO of the Company for consulting services, and $12,500 (2023 - $15,000) was payable and accrued
to the CBO of the Company for consulting services. The balances are unsecured, non-interest bearing, and have no fixed terms of repayment.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 13.5pt">i)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Management and directors&rsquo; compensation transactions for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023,
and 2022 are summarized as follows:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Management<BR>
 Compensation</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Directors&rsquo;<BR>fees</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Share-based<BR>
 payments</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Total</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; padding-left: 0.5in">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Year ended December 31, 2022</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 2.2pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Directors and officers</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">880,387</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">127,053</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">404,573</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,412,013</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Year ended December 31, 2023</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-left: 2.2pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Directors and officers</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">974,240</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">182,675</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">77,779</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,234,898</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; padding-left: 2.2pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Year ended December 31, 2024</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; padding-left: 2.2pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Directors and officers</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">815,935</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">172,229</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">85,680</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,073,845</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004699"><B>FINANCIAL AND CAPITAL RISK MANAGEMENT</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company&rsquo;s financial instruments consist of cash, accounts receivable,
accounts payable and accrued liabilities, <FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt">lease obligation</FONT> and derivative warrant liability.
The fair values of cash and accounts payable and accrued liabilities approximate their carrying values at December 31, 2024, due to their
short-term nature.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The following table presents the Company&rsquo;s financial instruments, measured
at fair value on the consolidated statements of financial position as at December 31, 2024 and 2023 and categorized into levels of the
fair value hierarchy:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 15 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="7" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">December 31, 2024</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="7" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">December 31, 2023</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Level</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Carrying <BR>
Value</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Estimated <BR>
Fair Value</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Carrying <BR>
Value</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Estimated <BR>
Fair Value</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-indent: -9pt; padding-left: 9pt">FVTPL</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 35%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;Derivative warrant liability</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">3</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">572,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">572,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">531,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">531,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">There were no transfers for levels of change in the fair value measurements
of financial instruments for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Risk management is carried out by the Company&rsquo;s management team with
guidance from the Board of Directors. The Company's risk exposures and their impact on the Company's financial instruments were as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"><B>a)</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>Credit risk</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Company if a customer
of counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its obligations. The Company&rsquo;s maximum exposure to credit risk at the financial
position date under its financial instruments is summarized as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%; margin-left: 14.2pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31,<BR>
 2024</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31,<BR>
 2023</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="width: 74%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Cash </B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2,473,649</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3,447,665</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">All of the Company&rsquo;s cash is held with major financial institutions
in Canada and management believes the exposure to credit risk with such institutions is minimal. The Company considers the risk of material
loss to be significantly mitigated due to the financial strength of the major financial institutions where cash is held. The Company&rsquo;s
maximum exposure to credit risk as at December 31, 2024 and 2023 is the carrying value of its financial assets.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.1pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"><B>b)</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>Liquidity risk</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to
meet its obligations associated with financial liabilities. The Company has a planning and budgeting process in place by which it anticipates
and determines the funds required to support normal operation requirements as well as the growth and development of its intellectual property
portfolio.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">The Company&rsquo;s financial assets are comprised of its cash,
accounts receivable and the financial liabilities are comprised of its accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and lease liability.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 14.2pt">The contractual maturities of these financial liabilities as at
December 31, 2024 and 2023 are summarized below:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%; margin-left: 14.2pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="15" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Payments due by period as of December 31, 2024</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Total</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Less than <BR>
3 months</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Between 3<BR>
 months <BR>
and 1 year</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1-3 years</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Accounts payable and accrued liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">147,205</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">147,205</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Lease liability</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">38,785</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">23,124</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">15,661</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">185,990</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">170,329</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">15,661</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 16 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 4pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%"><IMG SRC="logo_small.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->16<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%; margin-left: 14.2pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="15" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Payments due by period as of December 31, 2023</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Total</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Less than 3 months</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Between 3<BR>
 months <BR>
and 1 year</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1-3 years</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Accounts payable and accrued liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">283,428</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">283,428</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Lease liability</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">11,510</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">11,510</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">294,938</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">294,938</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"><B>c)</B></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><B>Market risk</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.15pt">i)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Interest Rate Risk</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -14.15pt; margin: 0 0 0 28.35pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 28.35pt">Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value of future cash
flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate due to changes in market interest rates. The Company&rsquo;s bank accounts bear interest.
Management believes that the credit risk concentration with respect to financial instruments included in cash is minimal.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 14.2pt"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 14.15pt">ii)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Foreign Currency Risk</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: center; text-indent: -14.15pt; margin: 0 0 0 28.35pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 28.35pt">As at December 31, 2024, the Company is exposed to currency risk
on the following financial assets and liabilities denominated in CAD Dollars (&ldquo;CAD&rdquo;). The sensitivity of the Company&rsquo;s
net earnings / (loss) due to changes in the exchange rate between the CAD and EUR against the U.S. dollar is included in the table below
in U.S. dollar equivalents:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0 0 0 28.35pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 95%; margin-left: 14.2pt">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">CAD</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">EUR</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Total</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 61%; font-size: 10pt">Cash</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">684,491</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">684,491</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Accounts payable and accrued liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(111,155</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(111,155</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Net exposure</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">573,336</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">573,336</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Effect of +/- 10% change in currency</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">57,334</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company thoroughly examines the various financial instruments and risks
to which it is exposed and assesses the impact and likelihood of those risks. These risks include foreign currency risk, interest rate
risk, market risk, credit risk, and liquidity risk. Where material, these risks are reviewed and monitored by the Board of Directors</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">There have been no changes in any risk management policies since December 31,
2023.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0; color: #004699">Capital Management</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company defines capital that it manages as shareholders&rsquo; equity.
The Company manages its capital structure in order to have funds available to support its research and development and sustain the future
development of the business. When managing capital, the Company&rsquo;s objective is to ensure the entity continues as a going concern
as well as to maintain optimal returns to shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders. Management adjusts the capital structure as
necessary in order to support its activities.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 17 -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 4pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 33%"><IMG SRC="logo_small.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 34%; text-align: center"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->17<!-- Field: /Sequence --></TD><TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt">The Company includes the following items in its managed capital as at the following periods:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Equity is comprised of:</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31, <BR>2024</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">December 31 <BR>2023</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>$</B></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 74%; font-size: 10pt">Share capital</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">18,493,571</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">17,056,535</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Reserves</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">6,039,078</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">5,468,257</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Obligation to issue shares</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">24,746</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">24,746</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(52,605</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(52,605</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Deficit</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(21,168,253</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(17,854,907</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Since inception, the Company&rsquo;s objective in managing capital is to ensure
sufficient liquidity to finance its research and development activities, general and administrative expenses, expenses associated with
intellectual property protection and its overall capital expenditures. There were no changes during the year ended December 31, 2024.
The Company is not exposed to external requirements by regulatory agencies regarding its capital.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004699"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; margin: 0; color: #004699">OUTSTANDING SHARE DATA</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.5pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.5pt 0 0">The Company has an unlimited number of unauthorized common shares without par value.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Type of Security</TD><TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">Common shares</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">As of March 21, 2025</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(number)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 87%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Issued and outstanding</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3,788,246</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Stock options</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">147,763</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Share purchase warrants</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2,881,035</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Fully diluted shares outstanding</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-left: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">6,817,044</TD><TD STYLE="border-right: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; margin: 0; color: #004699">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; margin: 0; color: #004699">RISKS RELATED TO THE BUSINESS</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.5pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">An investment in the Company is speculative and involves a high degree of risk.
Accordingly, prospective investors should carefully consider the specific risk factors set out below, in addition to the other information
contained in this MD&amp;A, before making any decision to invest in the Company. The Directors consider the following risks and other
factors to be the most significant for potential investors in the Company, but the risks listed do not necessarily comprise all those
associated with an investment in the Company and are not set out in any particular order of priority. Additional risks and uncertainties
not currently known to the Directors may also have an adverse effect on the Company&rsquo;s business. If any of the following risks actually
occur, the Company&rsquo;s business, financial condition, capital resources, results or future operations could be materially adversely
affected. In such a case, the price of the common shares could decline, and investors may lose all or part of their investment.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">For additional discussion on XORTX&rsquo;s risks, refer to the &ldquo;Risk
Factors&rdquo; section of the Company&rsquo;s Annual Information Form and the Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2024, and the
&ldquo;Forward Looking Statements&rdquo; section of this MD&amp;A.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">Speculative Nature of Investment Risk</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">An investment in the common shares of the Company carries a high degree
of risk and should be considered as a speculative investment by purchasers. The Company has limited cash reserves, a limited operating
history, has not paid dividends, and is unlikely to pay dividends in the immediate or near future. The Company is in the development stage.
Operations are not yet sufficiently established such that the Company can mitigate the risks associated with planned activities.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B></B></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Limited Operating History</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company has no present prospect of generating revenue from the sale of
products. The Company is therefore subject to many of the risks common to early-stage enterprises, including under-capitalization, cash
shortages, limitations with respect to personnel, financial, and other resources and lack of revenues. There is no assurance that the
Company will be successful in achieving a return on shareholders&rsquo; investment and the likelihood of success must be considered in
light of the early stage of operations.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">Negative Cash Flow for the Foreseeable Future</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.5pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company has a no history of earnings or cash flow from operations. The
Company does not expect to generate material revenue or achieve self-sustaining operations for several years, if at all. To the extent
that the Company has negative cash flow in future periods, the Company may need to allocate a portion of its cash reserves to fund such
negative cash flow.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Reliance on Management</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The success of the Company is dependent upon the ability, expertise, judgment,
discretion and good faith of its management. While employment agreements are customarily used as a primary method of retaining the services
of key employees, these agreements cannot assure the continued services of such employees. Any loss of the services of such individuals
could have a material adverse effect on the Company&rsquo;s business, operating results or financial condition.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Clinical trials for potential drug candidates will be expensive
and time consuming, and their outcomes uncertain.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Before the Company can obtain regulatory approval for the commercial sale of
any drug candidate or attract major pharmaceutical companies with which to collaborate, it will be required to complete extensive clinical
trials to demonstrate safety and efficacy. Clinical trials are expensive and are difficult to design and implement. The clinical trial
process is also time-consuming and can often be subject to unexpected delays. The timing and completion of clinical trials may be subject
to significant delays relating to various causes, including but not limited to: inability to manufacture or obtain sufficient quantities
of materials for use in clinical trials; delays arising from collaborative partnerships; delays in obtaining regulatory approvals to commence
a study, or government intervention to suspend or terminate a study; delays, suspensions or termination of clinical trials by the applicable
institutional review board or independent ethics board responsible for overseeing the study to protect research subjects; delays in identifying
and reaching agreement on acceptable terms with prospective clinical trial sites; slow rates of patient recruitment and enrollment; uncertain
dosing issues; inability or unwillingness of medical investigators to follow clinical protocols; variability in the number and types of
subjects available for each study and resulting difficulties in identifying and enrolling subjects who meet trial eligibility criteria;
scheduling conflicts; difficulty in maintaining contact with subjects after treatment, resulting in incomplete data; unforeseen safety
issues or side effects; lack of efficacy during clinical trials; reliance on clinical research organizations to efficiently and properly
conduct clinical trials in accord with contracted arrangements and regulations, or other regulatory delays.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.15pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Risks Related to Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Approval</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">In the United States, the FDA regulates the approval of therapeutics and the
FDA notification and approval process requires substantial time, effort and financial resources, and the Company cannot be certain that
any approvals for its products will be granted on a timely basis, if at all. Foreign jurisdictions have similar government regulatory
bodies and requirements that the Company must meet prior to selling products in those jurisdictions.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company must be considered in light of the risks, expenses, shifts, changes
and difficulties frequently encountered with companies whose businesses are regulated by various federal, state and local governments.
The health care, wellness, workers&rsquo; compensation and similar companies are subject to a variety of regulatory requirements and the
regulatory environment is ever changing particularly with recent legislation, the full impact of which is not yet understood as regulations
have not been issued. Failure to follow applicable regulatory requirements will have a materially negative impact on the business of the
Company. Furthermore, future changes in legislation cannot be predicted and could irreparably harm the business of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0"></P>

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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">Intellectual Property Rights</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company could be adversely affected if it does not adequately protect its
intellectual property rights. The Company regards its marks, rights, and trade secrets and other intellectual property rights as critical
to its success. To protect its investments and the Company&rsquo;s rights in these various intellectual properties, it may rely on a combination
of patents, trademark and copyright law, trade secret protection and confidentiality agreements and other contractual arrangements with
its employees, clients, strategic partners, acquisition targets and others to protect proprietary rights. There can be no assurance that
the steps taken by the Company to protect proprietary rights will be adequate or that third parties will not infringe or misappropriate
the Company&rsquo;s copyrights, trademarks and similar proprietary rights, or that the Company will be able to detect unauthorized use
and take appropriate steps to enforce rights. In addition, although the Company believes that its proprietary rights do not infringe on
the intellectual property rights of others, there can be no assurance that other parties will not assert infringement claims against the
Company. Such claims, even if not meritorious, could result in the expenditure of significant financial and managerial resources.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company will rely on trade secrets to protect technology where it does
not believe patent protection is appropriate or obtainable. Trade secrets are difficult to protect. While commercially reasonable efforts
to protect trade secrets will be used, strategic partners, employees, consultants, contractors or scientific and other advisors may unintentionally
or willfully disclose information to competitors.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">If the Company is not able to defend patents or trade secrets, then it will
not be able to exclude competitors from developing or marketing competing products, and the Company may not generate enough revenue from
product sales to justify the cost of development of products and to achieve or maintain profitability.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.55pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The results of preclinical studies or initial clinical trials
are not necessarily predictive of future favorable results.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">Preclinical tests and initial clinical trials are primarily designed
to test safety and to understand the side effects of drug candidates and to explore efficacy at various doses and schedules. Success in
preclinical or animal studies and early clinical trials does not ensure that later large-scale efficacy trials will be successful nor
does it predict final results. Favorable results in early trials may not be repeated in later ones.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Difficulty to Forecast</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.5pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company must rely largely on its own market research to forecast sales
as detailed forecasts are not generally obtainable from other sources at this early stage of the industry. A failure in the demand for
its products to materialize as a result of competition, technological change or other factors could have a material adverse effect on
the business, results of operations and financial condition of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">Litigation</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.5pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company may become party to litigation from time to time in the ordinary
course of business which could adversely affect its business. Should any litigation in which the Company becomes involved be determined
against the Company such a decision could adversely affect the Company&rsquo;s ability to continue operating and the market price for
the Company&rsquo;s common shares. Even if the Company is involved in litigation and wins, litigation can redirect significant Company
resources.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt"></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Commercial success of the Company will depend in part on not infringing upon
the patents and proprietary rights of other parties and enforcing its own patents and proprietary rights against others. The research
and development programs will be in highly competitive fields in which numerous third parties have issued patents and pending patent applications
with claims closely related to the subject matter of the Company&rsquo;s programs. The Company is not currently aware of any litigation
or other proceedings or claims by third parties that its technologies or methods infringe on their intellectual property.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">While it is the practice of the Company to undertake pre-filing searches and
analyses of developing technologies, it cannot guarantee that it has identified every patent or patent application that may be relevant
to the research, development, or commercialization of its products. Moreover, it cannot assure that third parties will not assert valid,
erroneous, or frivolous patent infringement claims.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Uninsurable Risks</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The business of the Company may not be insurable or the insurance may not be
purchased due to high cost. Should such liabilities arise, they could reduce or eliminate any future profitability and result in increasing
costs and a decline in the value of the Company.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The market price of the Company&rsquo;s common shares may
be subject to wide price fluctuations.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The market price of the Company&rsquo;s common shares may be subject to wide
fluctuations in response to many factors, including variations in the operating results of the Company and its subsidiary, divergence
in financial results from analysts&rsquo; expectations, changes in earnings estimates by stock market analysts, changes in the business
prospects for the Company and its subsidiary, general economic conditions, legislative changes, and other events and factors outside of
the Company&rsquo;s control. In addition, stock markets have from time-to-time experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations, which,
as well as general economic and political conditions, could adversely affect the market price for the Company&rsquo;s common shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.55pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Dividends</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company has no earnings or dividend record and does not anticipate paying
any dividends on the common shares in the foreseeable future.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.5pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Dilution</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">The financial risk of the Company&rsquo;s future activities will be
borne to a significant degree by purchasers of the common shares. If the Company issues common shares from its treasury for financing
purposes, control of the Company may change and purchasers may suffer additional dilution.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Rapid Technological Change</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The business of the Company is subject to rapid technological changes. Failure
to keep up with such changes may adversely affect the business of the Company. The Company is subject to the risks of companies operating
in the medical and healthcare business. The market in which the Company competes is characterized by rapidly changing technology, evolving
industry standards, frequent new service and product announcements, introductions and enhancements and changing customer demands. As a
result, an investment in the stocks of the Company is highly speculative and is only suitable for investors who recognize the high risks
involved and can afford a total loss of investment.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Risks Associated with Acquisitions</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">If appropriate opportunities present themselves, the Company may acquire businesses,
technologies, services or products that the Company believes are strategic. The Company currently has no understandings, commitments or
agreements with respect to any other material acquisition and no other material acquisition is currently being pursued. There can be no
assurance that the Company will be able to identify, negotiate or finance future acquisitions successfully, or to integrate such acquisitions
with its current business. The process of integrating an acquired business, technology, service or product into the Company may result
in unforeseen operating difficulties and expenditures and may absorb significant management attention that would otherwise be available
for ongoing development of the Company&rsquo;s business. Future acquisitions could result in potentially dilutive issuances of equity
securities, the incurrence of debt, contingent liabilities and/or amortization expenses related to goodwill and other intangible assets,
which could materially adversely affect the Company&rsquo;s business, results of operations and financial condition. Any such future acquisitions
of other businesses, technologies, services or products might require the Company to obtain additional equity or debt financing, which
might not be available on terms favorable to the Company, or at all, and such financing, if available, might be dilutive.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify">Economic Environment</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">The Company&rsquo;s operations could be affected by the economic context
should the unemployment level, interest rates or inflation reach levels that influence consumer trends and consequently, impact the Company&rsquo;s
future sales and profitability.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Global Economy Risk</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The ongoing economic problems and downturn of global capital markets has generally
made the raising of capital by equity or debt financing more difficult. Access to financing has been negatively impacted by the ongoing
global economic risks. As such, the Company is subject to liquidity risks in meeting its development and future operating cost requirements
in instances where cash positions are unable to be maintained or appropriate financing is unavailable. These factors may impact the Company&rsquo;s
ability to raise equity or obtain loans and other credit facilities in the future and on terms favorable to the Company. If uncertain
market conditions persist, the Company&rsquo;s ability to raise capital could be jeopardized, which could have an adverse impact on the
Company&rsquo;s operations and the trading price of the Company&rsquo;s Shares on the stock exchange.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.5pt 0 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0">International Conflict</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">International conflict and other geopolitical tensions and events, including
war, military action, terrorism, trade disputes and international responses thereto have historically led to, and may in the future lead
to, uncertainty or volatility in financial markets and supply chains. Russia's invasion of Ukraine in early 2022 has led to sanctions
being levied against Russia by the international community and may result in additional sanctions or other international action, any of
which may have a destabilizing effect on supply chain disruptions which may adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition
and results of operations. The extent and duration of the current Russia-Ukraine conflict and related international action cannot be accurately
predicted at this time and the effects of such conflict may magnify the impact of the other risks identified in this document, including
those relating to global financial conditions. The situation is rapidly changing and unforeseeable impacts, including on our shareholders
and counterparties on which we rely and transact, may materialize and may have an adverse effect on the Company's business, results of
operations and financial condition.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Financial Risk Exposures</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company may have financial risk exposure to varying degrees relating to
the currency of each of the countries where it operates. The level of the financial risk exposure related to currency and exchange rate
fluctuations will depend on the Company&rsquo;s ability to hedge such risk or use another protection mechanism.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Attracting and keeping senior management and key scientific
personnel</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.45pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">The success of the Company depends on the continued ability to attract,
retain, and motivate highly qualified management, clinical, and scientific personnel and to develop and maintain important relationships
with leading academic institutions, companies, and thought leaders. Allen Davidoff, the Company&rsquo;s CEO, exercises significant control
over the day-to-day affairs of the Company. The Company depends on Dr. Davidoff to engage with third parties and contractors to operate
the business.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; margin: 0; color: #004699">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; margin: 0; color: #004699"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 22 -->
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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; color: #004699">SEGMENT REPORTING</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">We view our operations and manage our business in one segment, which is the
development and commercialization of biopharmaceuticals, initially focused on the treatment of <FONT STYLE="letter-spacing: -0.35pt">gout
and </FONT>progressive kidney disease.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004699"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; margin: 0; color: #004699">TREND INFORMATION</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0.05pt 0 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Other than as disclosed elsewhere we are not aware of any trends, uncertainties,
demands, commitments, or events that are reasonably likely to have a material effect on our net revenues, income from continuing operations,
profitability, liquidity or capital resources, or that would cause reported financial information not necessarily to be indicative of
future operating results or financial condition.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; margin: 0; color: #004699">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; margin: 0; color: #004699">MANAGEMENT&rsquo;S RESPONSIBILITY FOR FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">The Company&rsquo;s management is responsible for the presentation
and preparation of the financial statements and the MD&amp;A. The MD&amp;A have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of securities
regulators, including National Instrument 51-102 of the Canadian Securities Administrators.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0.05pt 0 0">The financial statements and information in the MD&amp;A necessarily
include amounts based on informed judgments and estimates of the expected effects of current events and transactions with appropriate
consideration to materiality. In addition, in preparing the financial information, we must interpret the requirements described above,
make determinations as to the relevancy of information included, and make estimates and assumptions that affect reported information.
The MD&amp;A also includes information regarding the impact of current transactions and events, sources of liquidity and capital resources,
operating trends, risks and uncertainties. Actual results in the future may differ materially from our present assessment of this information
because future events and circumstances may not occur as anticipated.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0; color: #004699"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; margin: 0; color: #004699">INTERNAL CONTROLS OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>Disclosure controls and procedures</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance
that information required to be disclosed by the Company in its annual filings, interim filings, or other reports filed or submitted by
it under securities legislation is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the securities legislation
and include controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in its annual filings,
interim filings or other reports filed or submitted under securities legislation is accumulated and communicated to the Company's management,
including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>Internal controls over&nbsp;financial reporting</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">Internal controls over financial reporting are designed to provide reasonable
assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS. Management
is also responsible for the design of the Company's internal control over financial reporting in order to provide reasonable assurance
regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with
IFRS.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">The Company's internal controls over financial reporting include policies and
procedures that: pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and disposition
of assets; provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of the financial statements
in accordance with IFRS and that receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with the authorization of management and
directors of the Company; and provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or
disposition of assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 23 -->
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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">As at December 31, 2024, there has not been any material change to&nbsp;disclosure
controls and procedures and&nbsp;internal controls over financial reporting for the period other than identification of a material weakness
as discussed below. Management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of
the design and operation of the Company's&nbsp;disclosure controls and procedures&nbsp;and&nbsp;internal controls over financial reporting.
As of December 31, 2024, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have each concluded that the Company's&nbsp;disclosure
controls and procedures&nbsp;and&nbsp;internal controls over financial reporting, as defined in National Instrument 52-109 &ndash;&nbsp;<I>Certification
of Disclosure in Issuer's Annual and Interim Filings</I>, are not effective to achieve the purpose for which they have been designed because
of a material weakness identified in the period end closing process and related management review controls. A material weakness is a deficiency
or a combination of control deficiencies in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that
a material misstatement of annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Because of their
inherent limitations, internal controls over financial reporting can provide only reasonable assurance and may not prevent or detect misstatements.
Furthermore, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. The control framework
used to evaluate the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company's internal controls over financial reporting is the 2013
Internal Control &ndash;&nbsp;<I>Integrated Framework&nbsp;</I>published by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway
Commission.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0"><B>Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting</B></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">There has been no change in the Company's design of internal controls and procedures
over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company&rsquo;s internal control
over financial reporting during the period covered by this MD&amp;A, other than the identified material weakness discussed above.</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"> </P>


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