<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001144204-12-028166.txt : 20120511
<SEC-HEADER>0001144204-12-028166.hdr.sgml : 20120511
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20120511172240
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001144204-12-028166
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	10-K/A
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		19
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20111231
FILED AS OF DATE:		20120511
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20120511

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			Synthetic Biologics, Inc.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000894158
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
		IRS NUMBER:				133808303
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			NV
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		10-K/A
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-12584
		FILM NUMBER:		12835772

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		3985 RESEARCH PARK DRIVE,
		STREET 2:		SUITE 200
		CITY:			ANN ARBOR
		STATE:			MI
		ZIP:			48108
		BUSINESS PHONE:		(734) 332-7800

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		3985 RESEARCH PARK DRIVE,
		STREET 2:		SUITE 200
		CITY:			ANN ARBOR
		STATE:			MI
		ZIP:			48108

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	ADEONA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20081027

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	PIPEX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20061214

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	SHEFFIELD PHARMACEUTICALS INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19970730
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>10-K/A
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>v312270_10ka.htm
<DESCRIPTION>FORM 10-K/A
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
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<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Washington, DC 20549</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>FORM 10-K/A</B></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 7%; font: 10pt Wingdings">x</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 93%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>For the fiscal year ended December 31,
2011</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>OR</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 7%; font: 10pt Wingdings">&uml;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 93%; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1934</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>For the transition period from______________________
to____________________________</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Commission File Number: 1-12584</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><img src="logo.jpg"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>SYNTHETIC BIOLOGICS, INC.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><I>(Name of small business issuer in its
charter)</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48%; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Nevada</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 52%; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">13-3808303</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: center">(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: center">(IRS Employer Identification Number)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">3985 Research Park Drive, Suite 200</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Ann Arbor, MI</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">48108</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: center">(Address of principal executive offices)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic; text-align: center">(Zip Code)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Registrant&rsquo;s telephone number,
including area code:</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>(734) 332-7800</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%; font-weight: bold">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="width: 36%; font-weight: bold">Name of each exchange on which registered</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic">(Title of Class)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">NYSE AMEX</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Securities registered pursuant to Section
12(g) of the Act:</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><I>None</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Indicate by check mark if the registrant
is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule&nbsp;405 of the Securities Act.&nbsp;&nbsp;Yes&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&uml;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;No&nbsp;
<FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">x</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Indicate by check mark if the registrant
is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.&nbsp;&nbsp;Yes <FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&uml;</FONT>
No&nbsp; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">x</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Indicate by check mark whether the issuer:
(1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding
12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days.&nbsp;Yes&nbsp; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">x </FONT>No&nbsp; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&uml;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Indicate by check mark if disclosure of
delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of issuer&rsquo;s
knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment
to this Form 10-K.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">x</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every interactive data file required to be submitted
and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such
shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).Yes&nbsp;&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">x</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;No
<FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&uml;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated file, a non-accelerated file, or a smaller reporting company.&nbsp;&nbsp;See the definitions
of &ldquo;large accelerated filer, &ldquo;accelerated filer&rdquo; and &ldquo;smaller reporting company&rdquo; in Rule 12b-2 of
the Exchange Act.&nbsp;&nbsp;(Check one):</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 16%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="width: 19%">Large accelerated filer</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 25%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&#163;</FONT>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="width: 24%">Accelerated filer&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&uml;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 16%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP>Non-accelerated filer<FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings"></FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings 2">&#163;</FONT></TD>
    <TD NOWRAP>Smaller reporting company&nbsp;&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">x</FONT></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP COLSPAN="3">(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Yes&nbsp; <FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&uml;</FONT>&nbsp;&nbsp;No&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">x</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The aggregate market value of the registrant&rsquo;s
common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2011<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">, was approximately
$16,266,000 based on $0.86</FONT>, the price at which the registrant&rsquo;s common stock was last sold on that date.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">As of <FONT STYLE="background-color: white">March 26, 2012,
</FONT>the issuer had 32,701,984 shares of common stock outstanding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Documents incorporated by reference: None.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>EXPLANATORY NOTE</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On May 1, 2012, we were informed by Berman &amp; Company, P.A.
(&ldquo;Berman &amp; Company&rdquo;), our independent registered accounting firm, that during a regular Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (&ldquo;PCAOB&rdquo;) inspection of Berman &amp; Company, the PCAOB issued a comment that the audit opinion included
in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 was issued by a partner at Berman &amp; Company who was
not authorized under the PCAOB rules to issue the opinion or act as our named engagement partner with respect to the Form 10-K
audit (or prior 2011 Form 10-Q interim reviews) after the original engagement partner rotated off the account under the Securities
and Exchange Commission&rsquo;s independence rules as it pertains to partner rotation (S-X Rule 2-01 - Qualifications of Accountants).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We believe that our previously filed
financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011 are accurate. In addition, we have not been informed by Berman
&amp; Company or the PCAOB, that our previously filed financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011 are not
accurate or otherwise invalid. As a matter of precaution the new engagement partner at Berman &amp; Company has since: (i)
taken full responsibility for the audit as the lead engagement partner on the audit, (ii) performed a detailed review of all
audit procedures related to the original audit for sufficiency and (iii) reissued the audit opinion. We are filing this
Annual Report on Form 10-K/A solely for the purpose of providing the reissued audit opinion and related disclosure, and
subsequent event disclosure regarding the appointment of an independent, non-executive Chairman of the Board on May 10, 2012.
The review performed by the new audit partner did not result in any changes to our financial statements or notes to
the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011, other than the addition of the May 1, 2012 and May 10, 2012
disclosures in the subsequent event note to the financial statements.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>SYNTHETIC BIOLOGICS, INC.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>FORM 10-K/A</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>TABLE OF CONTENTS</B></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0; text-indent: 0">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Page</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0; text-indent: 0">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0; text-indent: 0">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>PART I.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0; text-indent: 0">Item 1.</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Business</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">3</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0; text-indent: 0">Item 1A.</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Risk Factors</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">15</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0; text-indent: 0">Item 1B.</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Unresolved Staff Comments</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">26</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0; text-indent: 0">Item 2.</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Properties</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">26</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0; text-indent: 0">Item 3.</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Legal Proceedings</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">27</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: 0; text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0">Item 4.</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Mine Safety Disclosures</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">27</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0; text-indent: 0">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>PART II.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: 0; text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0">Item 5.</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Market for Registrant&rsquo;s Common Equity Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">28</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: 0; text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0">Item 6.</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Selected Financial Data</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">29</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: 0; text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0">Item 7.</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Management&rsquo;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">30</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: 0; text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0">Item 7A.</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">36</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: 0; text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0">Item 8.</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Financial Statements and Supplementary Data</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">37</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: 0; text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0">Item 9.</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Changes in and Discussions with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">59</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: 0; text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0">Item 9A.</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Controls and Procedures</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">59</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: 0; text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0">Item 9B.</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Other Information</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">60</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0; text-indent: 0">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>PART III.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: 0; text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0">Item 10.</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">61</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: 0; text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0">Item 11.</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Executive Compensation</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">65</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: 0; text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0">Item 12.</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">68</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: 0; text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0">Item 13.</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">69</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: 0; text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0">Item 14.</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Principal Accountant Fees and Services</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">69</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0; text-indent: 0">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>PART IV.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: 0; text-align: left; padding-right: 0; padding-left: 0">Item 15.</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">71</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="text-align: left">SIGNATURES</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">75</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="text-align: left">GLOSSARY</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>&nbsp;&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PART I</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Forward-Looking Statements</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Most of the matters discussed within
this report include forward-looking statements on our current expectations and projections about future events. In some cases
you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as &ldquo;may,&rdquo; &ldquo;should,&rdquo; &ldquo;potential,&rdquo;
&ldquo;continue,&rdquo; &ldquo;expects,&rdquo; &ldquo;anticipates,&rdquo; &ldquo;intends,&rdquo; &ldquo;plans,&rdquo; &ldquo;believes,&rdquo;
&ldquo;estimates,&rdquo; and similar expressions. These statements are based on our current beliefs, expectations, and assumptions
and are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are difficult to predict and generally beyond our control,
that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed, projected or implied in or by the forward-looking statements.&nbsp;&nbsp;Such
risks and uncertainties include the risks noted under &ldquo;Item 1A Risk Factors.&rdquo;&nbsp;&nbsp;We do not undertake any obligation
to update any forward-looking statements. Unless the context requires otherwise, references to &ldquo;we,&rdquo; &ldquo;us,&rdquo;
&ldquo;our,&rdquo; and &ldquo;Synthetic Biologics,&rdquo; refer to Synthetic Biologics, Inc. (formerly Adeona Pharmaceuticals,
Inc.) and its subsidiaries.</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Item 1.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Business</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We are a biotechnology company focused
on the development of synthetic DNA-based therapeutics and innovative disease-modifying medicines for serious illnesses. Our initial
synthetic biologic product candidate is intended to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a serious life-threatening lung
disease, by locally delivering therapeutic DNA to the lungs of PAH patients and controlling long-term expression of such DNA via
an oral daily pill. We also intend to expand new and existing collaborations in the area of DNA-based therapeutics. In addition,
we have several small molecule clinical-stage programs, the majority of which are being funded, or partially funded, by grants,
charitable organizations and corporate partners. In this area we are developing, or have partnered the development of, product
candidates to treat relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS), cognitive dysfunction in MS, fibromyalgia and amyotrophic lateral
sclerosis (ALS).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 27pt"><I>Product Pipeline:</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><IMG SRC="image_002.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 27pt"><I>Synthetic Biologics:</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding-right: 0.8pt; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; font: 10pt Symbol; padding-right: 1.6pt">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 86%">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 1.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our initial synthetic
        biologic         product candidate is intended to treat PAH, a serious life-threatening lung disease. This product is
        designed to deliver DNA that encodes a therapeutic protein called prostacyclin synthase (PGIS) locally to the
        pulmonary arteries of PAH patients via a single procedure,         and, via an oral daily pill, control the long-term local
        expression of such therapeutic protein. We are developing this initial         product candidate pursuant a global exclusive
        channel collaboration that we entered into with the private synthetic biology company         Intrexon Corporation (Intrexon)
        in November 2011. As part of this collaboration, we have access to Intrexon's UltraVector<SUP>&reg;</SUP>         platform
        and RheoSwitch Therapeutic System<SUP>&reg;</SUP> for this product application. We anticipate that by continuously producing
        and delivering prostacyclin directly where it is needed, in the pulmonary arteries of PAH patients, this product candidate
        may         overcome the dose limiting side effects of systemic prostacyclin treatments for PAH, a mainstay of PAH treatment.
        According to         GlobalData, the global market for PAH treatments is estimated to exceed $3.6 billion by 2015.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 1.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 1.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">(UltraVector<SUP>&reg;</SUP>
        and RheoSwitch Therapeutic System<SUP>&reg;</SUP> are registered trademarks of Intrexon Corporation)</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 27pt"><I>Funded/Small Molecule Clinical Programs:</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding-right: 0.8pt; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; font: 10pt Symbol; padding-right: 0.8pt">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 86%; padding-right: 0.8pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Trimesta<SUP>TM</SUP> (oral estriol) is being developed as an oral once-daily treatment for relapsing-remitting MS in women. Patient enrollment of 164 patients is complete in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase II clinical trial being conducted at 15 centers in the U.S. Patients are being dosed and monitored for two years. This clinical trial is supported by grants exceeding $8 million, which should be sufficient to fund the trial through completion. Current sales of injectable disease-modifying therapies for MS are estimated at $8.9 billion annually.&nbsp;According to various reports, sales of oral disease-modifying therapies for MS, of which Trimesta&trade;, if and when approved, would be in such class, are anticipated to grow from $500 million in 2010 to $5 billion annually by 2017.</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding-right: 0.8pt; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; font: 10pt Symbol; padding-right: 0.8pt">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 86%">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Trimesta<SUP>TM</SUP> (oral estriol)
        is also being developed for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction in female MS patients. In January 2012, patient enrollment began
        in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase II clinical trial being conducted at University of California, Los Angeles
        (UCLA). The majority of the costs of this trial are being funded by grants from foundations and charitable organizations and we
        have pledged approximately $500,000 to UCLA to partially fund this trial payable over three years. An estimated 50-65% of MS patients
        are expected to develop disabilities due to cognitive dysfunction and there is currently no approved treatment.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Symbol; padding-right: 0.8pt">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Effirma<SUP>TM</SUP> (flupirtine) is being developed for the treatment of fibromyalgia. On May 6, 2010, we entered into a sublicense agreement with Meda AB, a multi-billion dollar international pharmaceutical company, covering all of our patents&rsquo; rights on the use of flupirtine for fibromyalgia in the U.S., Canada and Japan. According to Meda&rsquo;s 2010 Annual Report, flupirtine for fibromyalgia is currently in Phase II development. The sublicense agreement provides that all ongoing and future development costs are to borne by Meda and we are entitled to receive certain payments if milestones are achieved and royalties on sales. Based on an estimated annual price of $1,200 per fibromyalgia patient, we estimate that the total market potential in the U.S. is $6 billion.</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; padding-right: 0.8pt; font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 86%; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: justify">AEN-100 (gastroretentive zinc acetate) is being developed
    under an investigator-initiated Investigational New Drug (IND) application for the treatment of ALS, also known as Lou
    Gehrig&rsquo;s disease. We intend to sponsor a multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled, adaptively designed Phase
    II/III clinical trial in ALS patients. It is anticipated that the clinical trial will comprise two phases. The first phase
    of     the trial is anticipated to enroll at least 65 patients randomized to receive either AEN-100 or placebo for a period
    of six     months at which time the average change in functional rating between the groups will be compared via an interim
    analysis     conducted on a blinded basis. Should the interim analysis meet the threshold criteria in favor of the treatment
    group, the     second phase of the study will be initiated and will seek to enroll approximately 50 additional subjects to
    receive treatment     for nine months. This study is intended to be conducted by PNA Center for Neurological Research (PNA)
    which     previously     sponsored     and     completed     a successful pilot     Phase I/II study of oral zinc therapy
    for     ALS. Separately, PNA intends to conduct a Phase I study of AEN-100 in normal volunteers prior to  initiating the
    Phase     II/III clinical trial in ALS patients.&nbsp;     We     have     committed     to        support
    approximately     $400,000      to     PNA     for         the      first        phase of     the Phase II/III clinical trial,     payable based     upon study     enrollment     and     milestones.     There is     only one     approved      therapy
    for     ALS,         the     efficacy     of     which     is     considered     to     be        marginal. Based     on
    an     estimated annual     price     of     $10,000 per     ALS     patient,     we     estimate      that     the
    total market     potential in     the     U.S.     is $300     million.</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Product Candidates and Medical Indications </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Synthetic Biologic Products</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We are engaged in the emerging field
of synthetic biology directed for the purpose of developing new human therapeutic products. Synthetic biology in an emerging
field that combines molecular biology and automation to design, optimize and construct new biological systems and functions. These technologies utilize a combination of automated processes including, DNA
sequencing, computer-aided design, DNA synthesis, fabrication of modular transgenes and high throughput testing to create and
optimize biologic products.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our initial efforts in this area are being
conducted in collaboration with Intrexon, and are directed towards the design, optimization and development of synthetic DNA-based
therapeutic product candidates utilizing Intrexon&rsquo;s UltraVector<SUP>&reg;</SUP> platform for the treatment of PAH. Synthetic
DNA-based therapeutics comprise constructs of DNA that can be administered to patients via a single procedure. Once introduced,
they are intended to continuously produce therapeutic proteins <I>in vivo</I> in a controllable and localized fashion for up to
a period of years.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">An important feature of our product candidates
developed in collaboration with Intrexon may be the incorporation of Intrexon&rsquo;s RheoSwitch Therapeutic System <SUP>&reg;</SUP>.
Such system is intended to provide unprecedented control of therapeutic protein expression through the use of a highly specific
orally available activating ligand that can be taken by patients on a daily basis as one or more pills. In this way, the levels
of <I>in vivo</I> protein expression may be adjusted from time to time by treating physicians through simple dose adjustment of
the oral activating ligand. Such system also provides an important safety mechanism not previously available in gene therapy clinical
trials since in the absence of taking an oral pill, protein expression would not be expected to occur.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH)</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Synthetic DNA-based Therapy</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Disease</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">PAH is a progressive, disabling and life-threatening
disorder characterized by abnormally high blood pressure (hypertension) in the pulmonary artery, the blood vessel that carries
blood from the heart to the lungs. Hypertension occurs when most of the very small arteries throughout the lungs narrow in diameter,
therefore constricting blood flow through the lungs. The constriction of blood flow causes the pressure to increase in the pulmonary
artery and in the right ventricle (the heart chamber that pumps blood into the pulmonary artery). Signs and symptoms of PAH take
place when the increased pressure cannot overcome the constriction and there is insufficient blood flow to the body. Shortness
of breath during exertion and fainting spells are the most common early symptoms of PAH. Despite current treatments, PAH generally
has a very poor outcome and is associated with high rates of mortality within three to five years of diagnosis.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Synthetic DNA-based Therapeutic for
PAH</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 1.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our initial synthetic
DNA-based therapeutic product candidate is intended for the treatment of PAH, a serious life-threatening lung disease. This
product candidate is designed to deliver DNA that encodes a therapeutic protein called PGIS locally to the pulmonary
arteries of PAH patients via a single pulmonary catheter procedure and via an oral daily pill, control the long-term local
expression of such therapeutic protein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 1.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 1.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We are developing
this initial product candidate in collaboration with Intrexon. Under the collaboration, we intend to utilize Intrexon's
advanced transgene engineering platform for the controlled, precise and continuous <I>in vivo</I> cellular production of
PGIS. PGIS is a specific effector enzyme that regulates the production of prostacyclin, a potent mediator of arterial
dilation that also prevents smooth muscle proliferation and arterial wall thickening. PGIS expression is decreased in the lungs of PAH
patients and deficiency in prostacyclin production is strongly implicated in PAH. We anticipate that by continuously
producing and delivering prostacyclin directly where it is needed, in the pulmonary arteries of PAH patients via PGIS, this
product candidate may overcome the dose limiting side effects of systemic prostacyclin-based treatments for PAH. While
systemic prostacyclin-based treatments for PAH are currently a mainstay of PAH therapy, their considerable systemic side
effects limit their dose and ultimate long-term utility.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 1.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The global market potential for the treatment
of PAH is estimated to be up to $3.6 billion by 2015, according to GlobalData, Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) &ndash; Drug
Pipeline Analysis and Market Forecasts for 2016.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
(MS) in Women</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Trimesta (oral estriol)</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Disease</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">MS is a progressive neurological disease
in which the body loses the ability to transmit messages along central nervous system nerve cells, leading to a loss of muscle
control, paralysis, cognitive impairment and in some cases death. According to the National Multiple Sclerosis Society (NMSS),
currently, more than 2.5 million people worldwide (approximately 400,000 patients in the U.S. of which 70% are estimated to be
women) have been diagnosed with MS. Young adults, ages 20 to 50, and two to three times as many women than men are predominantly
diagnosed with MS. According to the NMSS, approximately 85% of MS patients are initially diagnosed with the relapsing-remitting
form, compared to 10-15% with other progressive forms.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">There are currently&nbsp;eight Food &amp;
Drug Administration (FDA) approved therapies for the treatment of relapsing-remitting MS: Betaseron<SUP>&reg;</SUP>, Rebif<SUP>&reg;</SUP>,
Avonex<SUP>&reg;</SUP>, Novantrone<SUP>&reg;</SUP>, Copaxone<SUP>&reg;</SUP>, Tysabri<SUP>&reg;</SUP>, Gilenya<SUP>&reg; </SUP>and
Extavia<SUP>&reg;</SUP>. These therapies provide only a modest benefit for patients with relapsing-remitting MS and therefore serve
to only delay progression of the disease. All of these drugs except Gilenya<SUP>&reg;</SUP> require frequent (daily, weekly &amp;
monthly) injections (or infusions) on an ongoing basis and can be associated with unpleasant side effects (such as flu-like symptoms),
high rates of non-compliance among users, and eventual loss of efficacy due to the appearance of resistance in approximately 30%
of patients. Despite the availability of multiple FDA-approved therapies for the treatment of relapsing-remitting MS, the disease
is highly underserved and exacts a heavy economic toll.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Current sales of injectable disease-modifying
therapies for MS are estimated at $8.9 billion annually.&nbsp; According to various reports, sales of oral disease-modifying therapies
for MS, of which Trimesta&trade;, if and when approved, would be in such class, are anticipated to grow from $500 million in 2010
to in excess of $5 billion annually by 2017.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>Background</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">It has been scientifically documented that
pregnant women with certain autoimmune diseases experience a spontaneous reduction of disease symptoms during pregnancy, particularly
in the third trimester. The PRIMS (Pregnancy In MS) study, a landmark clinical study published in the <I>New England Journal of
Medicine</I> followed 254 women with MS during 269 pregnancies and for up to one year after delivery. The PRIMS study demonstrated
that relapse rates were significantly reduced by 71 percent (p &lt; 0.001) through the third trimester of pregnancy compared to
pre-pregnancy-rates, and that relapse rates increased by 120 percent (p &lt; 0.001) during the first three months after birth (post-partum)
before returning to pre-pregnancy rates. It has been hypothesized that the female hormone, estriol, produced by the placenta during
pregnancy, plays a role in&nbsp;&ldquo;fetal immune privilege&rdquo;, a process that prevents&nbsp;a mother&rsquo;s immune system
from attacking and rejecting&nbsp;her fetus.&nbsp;Maternal levels of estriol increase in a linear fashion through the third trimester
of pregnancy until birth, whereupon they abruptly return to low circulating levels. The anti-autoimmune effects of esteriol is
thought to be responsible for the therapeutic effects of pregnancy on MS.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Rhonda Voskuhl, M.D., Director, UCLA MS
program, UCLA Department of Neurology, has found that pregnancy levels of estriol have potent immunomodulatory effects. She further
postulated and tested in pilot clinical studies that oral doses of estriol may have a therapeutic benefit when administered to
non-pregnant female MS patients by, in essence, mimicking the spontaneous reduction&nbsp;in relapse rates seen in MS patients during
pregnancy.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Estriol has been approved and marketed
for over 40 years throughout Europe and Asia for the oral treatment of post-menopausal symptoms. It has never been approved by
the U.S. FDA for any indication.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Clinical Development</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our Trimesta (oral estriol) drug candidate
is for the treatment of relapsing-remitting MS in women. An investigator-initiated, 10-patient, 22-month, single-agent, crossover
clinical trial to study the therapeutic effects of 8 mg of oral Trimesta taken daily in non-pregnant female relapsing-remitting
MS patients was completed in the U.S. The total volume and number of gadolinium-enhancing lesions were measured by brain magnetic
resonance imaging (an established neuroimaging measurement of disease activity in MS). Over the next three months of treatment
with Trimesta, the median total enhancing lesion volumes decreased by 79% (p = 0.02) and the number of lesions decreased by 82%
(p = 0.09). They remained decreased during the next 3 months of treatment, with lesion volumes decreased by 82% (p = 0.01), and
numbers decreased by 82% (p =0.02). Following a six-month drug holiday during which the patients were not on any drug therapies,
median lesion volumes and numbers returned to near baseline pretreatment levels. Trimesta therapy was reinitiated during a four-month
retreatment phase of this clinical trial. The relapsing-remitting MS patients again demonstrated a decrease in enhancing lesion
volumes of 88% (p = 0.008) and a decrease in the number of lesions by 48% (p = 0.04) compared with original baseline scores.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">A Phase II randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled
clinical trial is currently underway at 15 centers in the U.S. The purpose of this clinical trial is to study whether 8 mg of oral
Trimesta taken daily over a two year period will reduce the rate of relapses in a large population of female patients with relapsing-remitting
MS. Investigators are administering either Trimesta or matching placebo, in addition to a standard of care, glatiramer acetate
(Copaxone<SUP>&reg;</SUP>) injections, an FDA-approved therapy for MS, to women between the ages of 18 to 50 who have been recently
diagnosed with relapsing-remitting MS. The primary endpoint in this clinical trial being run under an investigator-initiated IND
application, is relapse rates at two years. As of January 23, 2012, 164 patients have been enrolled in the clinical trial and the
trial enrollment has been closed. The patients will be dosed and monitored for two years.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">With over $8 million in grant funding to
date, the ongoing Trimesta clinical trial should be funded to its completion.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Cognitive Dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Trimesta (oral estriol)</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Disease</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">According to the NMSS and the Multiple
Sclerosis Society of Canada publication, <I>Hold that Thought! Cognition and MS</I>, it is fairly common for people with MS to
complain of problems remembering things, finding the right words, concentrating on a task or something they are reading, or following
a conversation. These are all cognitive symptoms of MS. Of those affected by MS, 50-65% have cognitive dysfunction issues. Despite
the fact that most symptoms are mild to moderate, they can have a significant impact on a person&rsquo;s ability to normally function.
The overall cognitive dysfunction can be described as a reduction in mental &ldquo;sharpness.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The major areas of cognition that can be
dysfunctional include what are termed complex attention and executive functions<I>.</I> Complex attention involves multitasking,
the speed with which information can be processed, learning and memory, and perceptual skills; executive functions include problem
solving, organizational skills, the ability to plan, and word finding. Just as the nature, frequency, and severity of MS-related
physical problems can widely vary, not all people with MS will display these cognitive issues, and no two people will experience
exactly the same types or severity of problems.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>Background</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In the investigator-initiated, 10-patient,
22-month, single-agent, crossover clinical trial conducted by Dr. Rhonda Voskuhl, a statistically significant 14% improvement from
baseline in Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) cognitive testing scores (p = 0.04) was observed in relapsing-remitting
MS patients after six months of Trimesta therapy. PASAT is a routine cognitive test performed in patients with a wide variety of
neuropsychological disorders such as MS. The PASAT scores are expressed as a mean percent change from baseline.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Clinical Development</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our Trimesta (oral estriol) drug candidate
is also being developed for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction in female MS patients. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled
Phase II clinical trial to evaluate Trimesta&rsquo;s potential neuroprotective and therapeutic effect on cognitive dysfunction
in female MS patients is currently enrolling relapsing-remitting or secondary-progressive female MS patients at UCLA. Up to 64
patients between the ages of 18 and 50 will be randomized 1:1 into the treatment and placebo groups. Dr. Voskuhl will administer
either oral Trimesta or a matching placebo, in addition to any FDA-approved MS treatment. Each patient will be dosed and monitored
for one year after being enrolled. The primary endpoint in this clinical trial being run under an investigator-initiated IND application
is expected to be improvement in PASAT cognitive testing scores versus matching placebo. We and a private foundation have pledged
to equally support this new clinical trial, and we will also provide Trimesta drug supply. The trial also received contributions
from several other supporters.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Fibromyalgia</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Effirma (flupirtine)</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Disease</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Fibromyalgia is a chronic and debilitating
condition characterized by widespread pain and stiffness throughout the body, often accompanied by severe fatigue, insomnia and
mood symptoms. Fibromyalgia affects an estimated 3-6% of the population worldwide, including an estimated 10 million people in
the U.S. There are presently three FDA products approved for this indication in the U.S. &ndash; Lyrica <SUP>&reg;</SUP>, Cymbalta
<SUP>&reg;</SUP> and Savella <SUP>&reg;</SUP>. Flupirtine is differentiated from these products in that it employs a unique mode
of action.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Based on an estimated annual price of $1,200 per fibromyalgia
patient, we estimate that the total market potential in the U.S. is $6 billion.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>Clinical Development</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our Effirma (flupirtine) product candidate
is for the treatment of fibromyalgia. Effirma is a selective neuronal potassium channel opener that also has NMDA receptor antagonist
properties. Effirma is a non-opioid, non-NSAID, non-steroidal, analgesic. Preclinical data and clinical experience suggest that
Effirma should also be effective for neuropathic pain since it acts in the central nervous system via a mechanism of action distinguishable
from most marketed analgesics. Effirma is especially attractive because it operates through non-opiate pain pathways, exhibits
no known abuse potential, and lacks withdrawal effects. In addition, no tolerance to its antinocioceptive effects has been observed.
One common link between neuroprotection, nocioception and Effirma may be the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid glutamate system, a major
receptor subtype for the excitotoxic neurotransmitter, glutamate. Effirma has strong inhibitory actions on N-methyl-D-aspartic
acid-mediated neurotransmission. Flupirtine was originally developed by Asta Medica (subsequently acquired by Meda AB) and has
been approved and is marketed by Meda AB in Europe since 1984, as well as other countries, for the treatment of pain. It has never
been approved by the FDA for any indication.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Meda Corporate Partnership</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On May 6, 2010, we entered into a sublicense
agreement with Meda AB, a multi-billion dollar international pharmaceutical company, pursuant to which Meda AB assumed all future
development costs and may commercialize flupirtine for fibromyalgia in the U.S. As consideration for such sublicense, we received
an up-front payment of $2.5 million and are entitled to milestone payments of $5 million upon the FDA&rsquo;s acceptance of the
New Drug Application (NDA) for flupirtine for fibromyalgia and $10 million upon FDA approval of such NDA. Pursuant to the sublicense
agreement, we will also receive a 7% royalty on net sales of flupirtine for fibromyalgia in the U.S., Canada and Japan, with such
royalties being shared equally with our licensor, McLean Hospital, a Harvard teaching hospital.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Flupirtine is approved and marketed by
Meda AB and its distributors in Europe and other countries for indications other than fibromyalgia and has been prescribed to millions
of patients worldwide. We believe that such substantial human experience with flupirtine should greatly assist the FDA in its evaluation
of the safety of flupirtine upon review of an NDA of flupirtine for fibromyalgia. According to Meda&rsquo;s 2010 Annual Report,
flupirtine for fibromyalgia is currently in Phase II development.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>AEN-100 (gastroretentive zinc acetate)</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Disease</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">ALS, also known as Lou Gehrig&rsquo;s Disease,
is a devastating progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects the motor nerve cells in the brain and the spinal cords. It
is estimated that as many as 30,000 Americans may have the disease at any given time. The progressive degeneration of the motor
neurons in ALS eventually leads to the death of the patient. Motor neurons reach from the brain to the spinal cord and from the
spinal cord to the muscles throughout the body. When motor neurons die, the ability of the brain to initiate and control muscle
movement is lost. With voluntary muscle action progressively affected, patients in the later stages of the disease may become totally
paralyzed. While non-invasive ventilation and gastrostomy tubes prolong life by 6-12 months, the average lifespan from time of
symptom onset is 2-5 years. Currently, RILUTEK<SUP>&reg;</SUP> is the only FDA-approved drug for ALS. RILUTEK is a N-methyl d-aspartate
(NMDA) receptor antagonist and has been shown to prolong life in patients with ALS by 3 months. Presently, there is no cure for
ALS.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Based on an estimated annual price of $10,000 per ALS patient,
we estimate that the total market potential in the U.S. is $300 million.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Background</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Clinical investigators at the PNA cite multiple lines of scientific research that suggest a potential benefit of zinc therapy for
ALS patients, including:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; padding-right: 1.6pt; font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 92%; padding-right: 1.6pt; text-align: justify">The use of zinc therapy for ALS patients is supported in animal models of ALS. Approximately 2% of ALS diagnoses are associated with a mutation in the copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) gene. In ALS mutant SOD1 animal models, zinc supplementation has been shown to delay death.</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; padding-right: 1.6pt; font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 92%; padding-right: 1.6pt; text-align: justify">Genetic mutations affecting the ability of a protein known as copper/zinc SOD1 to properly bind zinc are associated with the familial form of ALS, which shares many of the same features as the more prevalent sporadic form of ALS.</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; padding-right: 1.6pt; font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 92%; padding-right: 1.6pt; text-align: justify">Zinc is an important modifier of glutamate toxicity, a neurotransmitter linked to cell death in ALS patients.</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>Clinical Development</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Preparations are underway to
evaluate the safety and efficacy of our proprietary drug candidate, AEN-100, a gastroretentive, sustained-release zinc-based
tablet, in a multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in ALS patients intended to be conducted under
an investigator-initiated IND application. Manufacturing of AEN-100 study material has been completed and stability studies
are ongoing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We intend to provide the study
material and support a multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled, adaptively designed Phase II/III clinical trial in ALS
patients to be conducted by PNA. It is anticipated that the Phase II/III clinical trial will comprise two phases. The first
phase of the trial is anticipated to enroll at least 65 patients randomized to receive either AEN-100 or placebo for a period
of six months at which time the average change in functional rating between the groups will be compared via an
interim analysis conducted on a blinded basis. Should the interim analysis meet the threshold criteria in favor of the
treatment group the second phase of the study will be initiated and seek to enroll up to  a total of 114 patients, inclusive
of the 65 subjects from the first phase who continue to meet eligibility criteria at such time, to receive treatment for nine
months.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In November 2011, PNA reported
top-line results from its pilot Phase I/II open label, three month safety study of oral high dose zinc therapy in ALS. The
clinical study met its primary outcome as no safety issues related to zinc therapy were observed. In addition, an average
decrease in the monthly rate of disease progression was observed in the ALS patients on zinc therapy, compared to published
historical controls, as well as compared to the average monthly rate of disease progression of the subjects prior to
enrollment in the study. AEN-100 is not the same zinc formulation untilized by PNA in its previously completed Phase I/II
safety study of zinc for ALS, and PNA intends to conduct a Phase I study of AEN-100 in normal volunteers prior to
initiating the Phase II/III clinical trial in ALS patients.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We have committed to
support approximately $400,000 to PNA for the first phase of the  Phase II/III clinical trial, payable based upon study
enrollment and completion milestones.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Intellectual Property</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our goal is to (a) obtain, maintain, and
enforce patent protection for our products, formulations, processes, methods, and other proprietary technologies, (b) preserve
our trade secrets, and (c) operate without infringing on the proprietary rights of other parties, worldwide. We seek, where appropriate,
the broadest intellectual property protection for product candidates, proprietary information, and proprietary technology through
a combination of contractual arrangements and patents. Below is a description of our license and development agreements relating
to our product candidates.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>McLean Hospital Exclusive License Agreement and Meda AB Sublicense
Agreement</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In 2005, as amended in 2007 and 2010, we
entered into an exclusive license agreement with the McLean Hospital, a Harvard University teaching hospital, relating to U.S.
Patent No. 6,610,324 and its foreign equivalents, entitled &ldquo;Flupirtine in the treatment of fibromyalgia and related conditions.&rdquo;
Pursuant to this agreement, we paid an upfront fee and back patent costs of approximately $62,000 and agreed to pay McLean royalties
on net sales of oral flupirtine equal to 3.5% of net sales of oral flupirtine for indications covered by the issued patents, reduced
to 1.75% if we have a license to other intellectual property covering those indications. In addition, we agreed to use our best
efforts to commercialize oral flupirtine for the therapeutic uses embodied in the patent applications. Furthermore, we agreed to
reimburse McLean Hospital all future patent costs and pay the following milestone payments: $150,000 upon the initiation of a pivotal
Phase III clinical trial of oral flupirtine; $300,000 upon the filing of an NDA for oral flupirtine; and $600,000 upon FDA approval
of oral flupirtine. The due diligence requirements of the exclusive license agreement were amended in April of 2010 and further
amended by a Non-Disturbance Agreement that was signed with McLean Hospital, Meda and us.&nbsp;The agreement remains in effect
until the later of (i) the date all issued patents and filed patent applications within the Patent Rights (as defined in the agreement)
expire or are abandoned and (ii) one year after the last Commercial Sale (as defined in the agreement) for which royalty is due
or ten years after expiration or abandonment date set forth in clause (i) above, whichever is earlier.&nbsp;We have the right to
terminate the agreement at any time upon 90 days notice. In addition, McLean may terminate the agreement (i) upon 10 days notice
for nonpayment unless payment is made within such 10 days, (ii) immediately upon written notice if we fail to maintain required
insurance or become insolvent, make an assignment for the benefit of creditors or petition for bankruptcy is filed for or against
us or (ii) if we, our affiliates or our sublicensees default in performance of their obligations under the agreement and such default
is not cured within 60 days.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Effective May 6, 2010, we entered into
a Sublicense Agreement with Meda AB of Sweden. Pursuant to this agreement, Meda has been granted an exclusive sublicense to all
of our patents covering the use of oral flupirtine for fibromyalgia. These patents have been issued in the U.S. and are pending
in Canada and Japan (the &ldquo;Territory&rdquo;). This agreement provides that Meda will assume all future development costs for
the commercialization of oral flupirtine for fibromyalgia. As consideration for this sublicense, we received an up-front payment
of $2.5 million upon execution of this agreement and are entitled to milestone payments of $5 million upon&nbsp;filing of an NDA
with the FDA for oral flupirtine for fibromyalgia and $10 million upon marketing approval. This agreement also provides that we
are entitled to receive royalties of 7% of net sales of oral flupirtine approved for the treatment of fibromyalgia covered by issued
patent claims in the Territory. Pursuant to the terms of this agreement with our university licensor, we are obligated to share
half of the royalties we receive with the university licensor, McLean Hospital, and we were obligated to pay them $375,000 upon
receipt of an upfront payment, which we did pay in May 2010 when we received the payment from Meda. The agreement continues in
effect country by country until the earlier of the expiration of the Royalty Period (as defined in the agreement) or the termination
of the McLean license.&nbsp;Meda has the right to terminate the agreement at any time upon 90 days notice. In addition, a party
may terminate the agreement upon 30 days notice if the other party breached material obligations and such breach is not cured within
a period of time set forth in the agreement. The parties also have the right to terminate the agreement upon 60 days notice in
the event of the filing by a party of a bankruptcy petition, the filing of an involuntary petition not dismissed within 60 days,
a party proposes a written agreement of composition or extension of its debt, a party becomes Insolvent (as defined in the agreement),
liquidates, dissolves, ceases to conduct business or makes an assignment for the benefit of creditors.&nbsp;Upon a termination,
all licenses revert to us.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>The Regents of University of California License Agreement</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In July 2005, we were granted an exclusive
worldwide license agreement with the Regents of the University of California (Regents) relating to issued U.S. Patent No. 6,936,599
and pending patent applications covering the uses of the drug candidate Trimesta (oral esteriol). Pursuant to this agreement, we
paid an upfront license fee and reimbursed patent expenses totaling approximately $61,000 and agreed to pay a license fee of $25,000
during 2006.&nbsp;We also agreed to pay annual maintenance fees, milestone payments totaling $750,000 that are payable on filing
an NDA, and on approval of an NDA with the FDA, as well as royalties on net sales of Trimesta covered by the licensed patents.
We may be permitted to partially pay milestone payments in the form of equity.&nbsp;The duration of this agreement is from the
effective date of July 11, 2005 until the last-to-expire patent in Regent&rsquo;s Patent Rights, or until the last patent application
licensed under this agreement is abandoned and no patent in Regent&rsquo;s Patent Rights ever issues.&nbsp;We have the right to
terminate this agreement at any time and termination will be effective 90 days after the effective date of the termination notice.&nbsp;The
Regents may terminate the agreement with a written notice of default if we violate or fail to perform any material term or covenant
of this agreement.&nbsp;However, we have 60 days after the effective date of the notice of default to repair the default.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>The Intrexon Collaboration</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On November 18, 2011, we entered into
a Channel Agreement with Intrexon (the &ldquo;Channel Agreement&rdquo;) that governs an &ldquo;exclusive channel
collaboration&rdquo; arrangement in which we intend to use Intrexon&rsquo;s technology directed towards the production of
PGIS, through the use of <I>in vivo</I> conditionally regulated embedded controllable bioreactors for the treatment of PAH.
The Channel Agreement establishes committees comprised of our and Intrexon representatives that will govern activities
related to the PAH program in the areas of project establishment, chemistry, manufacturing and controls, clinical and
regulatory matters, commercialization efforts and intellectual property.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Channel Agreement grants us a worldwide
license to use specified patents and other intellectual property of Intrexon in connection with the research, development, use,
importing, manufacture, sale, and offer for sale of products involving the production of PGIS through the use of an <I>in vivo</I>
conditionally regulated embedded controllable bioreactor for the treatment of PAH in humans. Such license is exclusive with respect
to any clinical development, selling, offering for sale or other commercialization of Products, and otherwise is non-exclusive.
We may not sublicense the rights described without Intrexon&rsquo;s written consent.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Under the Channel Agreement, and subject
to certain exceptions, we are responsible for, among other things, the performance of the PAH program including the development,
commercialization and certain aspects of manufacturing products. Among other things, Intrexon is responsible for the costs of establishing
manufacturing capabilities and facilities for the bulk manufacture of products developed under the PAH program, certain other aspects
of manufacturing, costs of discovery-stage research with respect to platform improvements and costs of filing, prosecution and
maintenance of Intrexon&rsquo;s patents.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Subject to certain expense allocations
and other offsets provided in the Channel Agreement, we will pay Intrexon 50% of the cumulative net quarterly profits derived from
the sale of products, calculated on a product-by-product basis. We have likewise agreed to pay Intrexon 50% of quarterly revenue
obtained from a sublicensor in the event of a sublicensing arrangement. During the first 18 months, neither we nor Intrexon may
terminate the Channel Agreement, except under limited circumstances. Following the first 18 months, we may voluntarily terminate
the Channel Agreement upon 90 days written notice to Intrexon. Following the first 18 months, Intrexon may also terminate the Channel
Agreement if we elect not to pursue the development of a PAH program identified by Intrexon that is a &ldquo;Superior Therapy&rdquo;
as defined in the Channel Agreement.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Upon termination of the Channel Agreement,
we may continue to develop and commercialize any Product that, at the time of termination:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE ALIGN="CENTER" CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify">&bull;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">is being commercialized by us,</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&bull;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">has received regulatory approval,</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<TABLE ALIGN="CENTER" CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px; text-align: justify">&bull;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">is a subject of an application for regulatory approval that is pending before the applicable regulatory authority,</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&bull;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">is the subject of at least an ongoing Phase II clinical trial (in the case of a termination by Intrexon
due to our uncured breach or a voluntary termination by us), or an ongoing Phase I clinical trial in the Field (as defined in the
Channel Agreement) (in the case of a termination by us due to an Intrexon uncured breach or a termination by Intrexon following
an unconsented assignment by us or our election not to pursue development of a Superior Therapy), or</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&bull;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">we have spent at least $4.5 million developing.</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We will be obligated to pay 50% of net
profits or revenue with respect to these &ldquo;retained&rdquo; products, which will survive termination of the Channel Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As partial consideration for execution
of the Channel Agreement, we entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement with Intrexon pursuant to which we issued to Intrexon a number
of shares of our common stock equal to 9.995% of the number of shares of our common stock issued and outstanding following and
giving effect to such issuance (the &ldquo;First Tranche&rdquo;) at a purchase price equal to the $0.001 par value of such shares,
which issuance was deemed paid in partial consideration for the execution and delivery of the Channel Agreement. We also agreed
to issue additional shares of our common stock to Intrexon upon dosing of the first patient in a Phase II clinical trial sponsored
by us in the U.S., or similar study as the parties may agree in a country other than the U.S.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Under the Stock Purchase Agreement, Intrexon
is entitled, at its election, to:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">(i) participate in our future securities
offerings that constitute &ldquo;Qualified Financings&rdquo; and purchase securities equal to 19.99% of the number of shares of
common stock or other securities sold in such offering. For this purpose, a &ldquo;Qualified Financing&rdquo; means a sale of our
common stock or equity securities convertible into our common stock in a public or private offering, raising gross proceeds of
at least $5 million, where the sale of shares is either registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &ldquo;Securities
Act&rdquo;), at the time of issuance or we agree to register the resale of such shares, and</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">(ii) without restriction, purchase an additional
number of shares of our common stock in the open market, or otherwise, that do not exceed an additional 10% of the number of shares
of common stock then issued and outstanding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Stock Purchase Agreement contains a
standstill provision pursuant to which, among other things, Intrexon has agreed that, for a period of three years, subject to certain
exceptions and unless invited in writing by us to do so, neither Intrexon nor its affiliates will, directly or indirectly: (i)
effect or seek, initiate, offer or propose to effect, or cause or participate in any acquisition of our securities or assets; any
tender or exchange offer, merger, consolidation or other business combination involving us; any recapitalization, restructuring,
liquidation, dissolution or other extraordinary transaction with respect to us; or any &ldquo;solicitation&rdquo; of &ldquo;proxies&rdquo;
or consents to vote any of our voting securities, or in any way advise or, assist any other person in doing so; (ii) form, join
or in any way participate in a &ldquo;group&rdquo; with respect to any of our securities; (iii) otherwise act to seek to control
or influence the management, Board of Directors or our policies; (iv) take any action reasonably expected to force us to make a
public announcement regarding any such matters; or (v) enter into any agreements, discussions or arrangements with any third party
with respect to any of the foregoing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In connection with the transactions contemplated
by the Stock Purchase Agreement, and pursuant to a Registration Rights Agreement that was executed and delivered by the parties
at the First Tranche closing, we agreed to file a &ldquo;resale&rdquo; registration statement (the &ldquo;Registration Statement&rdquo;)
registering the resale of the First Tranche shares within 120 days of the First Tranche closing.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>AEN-100 &ndash; Gastroretentive Zinc Acetate</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="color: black">We intend to
file for orphan drug designation in the U.S. and Europe for AEN-100 </FONT>(gastroretentive, sustained-release zinc-based tablets)
<FONT STYLE="color: black">for the treatment of ALS. ALS qualifies as an &ldquo;orphan disease&rdquo; in that it affects less than
200,000 people in the U.S. Orphan drug designation provides for seven years of market exclusivity following approval in the
U.S. and ten  years of market exclusivity following approval in Europe. </FONT>AEN-100, is also the subject of U.S. and international
patent pending applications that may provide exclusivity beyond the expiration of orphan drug exclusivity, such as published U.S.
patent application Ser. No. 11/621,962 and corresponding international applications that claim priority to January 10, 2006, and
additional patent applications. On October 26, 2011, we received a final rejection letter with regard to U.S. patent application
Ser. No. 11/621,962. On February 15, 2012, we filed<FONT STYLE="color: black"> a Request for Continued Examination. </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Manufacturing</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We utilize contract manufacturing firms
to produce our investigational products AEN-100 and Trimesta in accordance with &ldquo;current good manufacturing processes&rdquo;
(cGMP) guidelines outlined by the FDA.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Research and Development</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">During the years ended December 31, 2011
and 2010, we spent $3.3 million and $1.6 million, respectively, on research and development.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Competitive Environment</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries
are characterized by rapidly evolving technology and intense competition. Our competitors include major multi-national pharmaceutical
companies and biotechnology companies developing both generic and proprietary therapies to treat serious diseases. Many of these
companies are well-established and possess technical, human, research and development, financial, and sales and marketing resources
significantly greater than ours. In addition, many of our potential competitors have formed strategic collaborations, partnerships
and other types of joint ventures with larger, well established industry competitors that afford these companies potential research
and development and commercialization advantages in the therapeutic areas we are currently pursuing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Academic research centers, governmental
agencies and other public and private research organizations are also conducting and financing research activities which may produce
products directly competitive to those being developed by us. In addition, many of these competitors may be able to obtain patent
protection, obtain FDA and other regulatory approvals and begin commercial sales of their products before us.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In the general area of
commercial products for the treatment of serious diseases, we potentially compete with a variety of companies, most of whom
are pharmaceutical or biotechnology companies. These include: Actelion Pharmaceuticals, Bayer Health Care, Biogen Idec, Eli
Lilly &amp; Co., Genzyme, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, Merck &amp; Co., Pfizer, Novartis, Teva Pharmaceuticals and United
Therapeutics.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Our History</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our predecessor, Sheffield Pharmaceuticals,
Inc. was incorporated in 1986, and in 2006 engaged in a reverse merger with Pipex Therapeutics, Inc., a Delaware
corporation formed in 2001. After the merger, we changed our name to Pipex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., and in October 2008 we changed
our name to Adeona Pharmaceuticals, Inc. On October 15, 2009, we reincorporated in the State of Nevada. After reprioritizing our
focus on the emerging area of synthetic biologics and entering into a collaboration with Intrexon, on February 15, 2012, we amended
our Articles of Incorporation to change our name to Synthetic Biologics, Inc.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Recent Events</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On February 15, 2012, upon stockholder
approval, we amended our Articles of Incorporation to change our name to Synthetic Biologics, Inc. Our common stock continues trade
on the NYSE Amex stock exchange, currently under the symbol &ldquo;SYN&rdquo;. Prior to this time and since October 16, 2008, our
name was Adeona Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and we traded on the NYSE Amex stock exchange under the symbol &ldquo;AEN&rdquo;. We are
incorporated in the State of Nevada.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On March 8, 2012, we entered into a Membership
Interest Purchase Agreement, and certain related agreements, pursuant to which we sold all of our interest in Adeona Clinical Laboratory,
LLC (the &ldquo;Lab&rdquo;) to Hartlab, LLC, an entity controlled by the Lab&rsquo;s former owner, in consideration for (i) the
immediate assignment of the Lab&rsquo;s outstanding accounts receivable up through the date of closing, plus (ii) $700,000 payable
pursuant to the terms of a two-year non-recourse promissory note secured by all of the assets of the Lab.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">During the period from January 1, 2012
through March 26, 2012, 1,120,121 warrants were exercised for gross proceeds of $1.4 million.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Employees</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As of March 26, 2012, we employed
approximately eight  individuals, seven of whom are full-time employees.  A significant
number of our management and professional employees have had prior experience with pharmaceutical, biotechnology or medical
product companies. None of our employees are covered by collective bargaining agreements, and management considers relations
with our employees to be good.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Properties</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our principal executive offices are located
at 3985 Research Park Drive, Suite 200, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108 and we also maintain executive offices in Rockville, Maryland.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Available Information</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Additional information about Synthetic
Biologics is contained at our website, <U>www.syntheticbiologics.com</U>. Information on our website is not incorporated by reference
into this report. We make available on our website our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current
Reports on Form 8-K as soon as reasonably practicable after those reports are filed with the SEC. The following Corporate Governance
documents are also posted on our website: Code of Conduct, Code of Ethics for Financial Management and the Charters for the Audit
Committee, Compensation Committee and Nominations Committee of the Board of Directors. Our phone number is (734) 332-7800 and our
facsimile number is (734) 332-7878.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Item 1A.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Risk
Factors </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Investing in our common stock involves
a high degree of risk. In addition to the risks related to our business set forth in this Form 10-K/A and the other information
included and incorporated by reference in this Form 10-K/A, you should carefully consider the risks described below before purchasing
our common stock. Additional risks, uncertainties and other factors not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial
may also impair our business operations.</I></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>We will need to raise additional
capital to operate our business.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">With the exception of the quarter ended
June 30, 2010, we have experienced significant losses since inception and have a significant accumulated deficit. We expect to
incur additional operating losses in the future and therefore our cumulative losses to increase. To date, other than the licensing
fee we received from Meda AB for the development of and commercialization of Effirma (flupirtine) for fibromyalgia in the U.S.,
Canada and Japan and limited laboratory revenues from Adeona Clinical Laboratory, which we have recently sold, we have generated
very minimal revenues. Inasmuch as our sole source of revenue (with the exception of the Meda licensing fee) has been our laboratory
revenue and our laboratory was sold recently, we do not expect to derive revenue from any source in the near future until we or
our partners successfully commercialize our products. As of December 31, 2011, our accumulated deficit totaled approximately $51.9
million on a consolidated basis. Until such time as we receive approval from the FDA and other regulatory authorities for our product
candidates, we will not be permitted to sell our products and therefore will not have product revenues from the sale of products.
For the foreseeable future we will have to fund all of our operations and capital expenditures from equity and debt offerings,
cash on hand, licensing fees and grants. If our current cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments are not sufficient to
sustain our operations, we will need to seek additional sources of financing and such additional financing may not be available
on favorable terms, if at all. If we do not succeed in raising additional funds on acceptable terms, we may be unable to complete
planned preclinical and clinical trials or obtain approval of our product candidates from the FDA and other regulatory authorities.
In addition, we could be forced to discontinue product development, forego sales and marketing efforts, and forego licensing in
attractive business opportunities. Any additional sources of financing will likely involve the issuance of our equity or debt securities,
which will have a dilutive effect on our stockholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>We have not been able to sustain
profitability.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Other than with respect to the quarter
ended June 30, 2010, we have a history of losses and we have incurred&nbsp;and continue to incur substantial losses and negative
operating cash flow. Even if we succeed in developing and commercializing one or more of our product candidates, we may still incur
substantial losses for the foreseeable future and may not sustain profitability. We also expect to continue to incur significant
operating and capital expenditures and anticipate that our expenses will substantially increase in the foreseeable future as we
do the following:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%; font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 90%">continue to undertake preclinical development and clinical trials for our product candidates;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%; font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 90%">seek regulatory approvals for our product candidates;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%; font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 90%">develop our product candidates for commercialization;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%; font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 90%">implement additional internal systems and infrastructure;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%; font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 90%">lease additional or alternative office facilities; and</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%; font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 90%">hire additional personnel, including members of our management team.</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We may experience negative cash flow for
the foreseeable future as we fund our technology development with capital expenditures. As a result, we will need to generate significant
revenues in order to achieve and maintain profitability. We may not be able to generate these revenues or achieve profitability
in the future. Our failure to achieve or maintain profitability could negatively impact the value of our common stock and underlying
securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Our research and development efforts
may not succeed in developing commercially successful products and technologies, which may limit our ability to achieve profitability.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We must continue to explore opportunities
that may lead to new products and technologies. To accomplish this, we must commit substantial efforts, funds, and other resources
to research and development. A high rate of failure is inherent in the research and development of new products and technologies.
Any such expenditures that we make will be made without any assurance that our efforts will be successful. Failure can occur at
any point in the process, including after significant funds have been invested.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Regardless of whether our clinical trials
are deemed to be successful, promising new product candidates may fail to reach the market or may only have limited commercial
success because of efficacy or safety concerns, failure to achieve positive clinical outcomes, inability to obtain necessary regulatory
approvals or satisfy regulatory criteria, limited scope of approved uses, excessive costs to manufacture, the failure to establish
or maintain intellectual property rights, or infringement of the intellectual property rights of others. Even if we successfully
develop new products or enhancements, they may be quickly rendered obsolete by changing customer preferences, changing industry
standards, or competitors' innovations. Innovations may not be quickly accepted in the marketplace because of, among other things,
entrenched patterns of clinical practice or uncertainty over third-party reimbursement. We cannot state with certainty when or
whether any of our products under development will be launched, whether we will be able to develop, license, or otherwise acquire
drug candidates or products, or whether any products will be commercially successful. Failure to launch successful new products
or new indications for existing products may cause our products to become obsolete, which may limit our ability to achieve profitability.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;<B>&#9;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>The recent issue raised by the PCAOB
with our auditor may have a negative impact on our ability to raise additional capital. </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On May 1, 2012, we were informed by
Berman &amp; Company that during a regular PCAOB inspection of Berman &amp; Company, the PCAOB issued a comment that the
audit opinion included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 was issued by a partner at
Berman &amp; Company who was not authorized under the PCAOB rules to issue the opinion or act as our named engagement partner
with respect to the Form 10-K audit (or prior 2011 Form 10-Q interim reviews) after the original engagement
partner rotated off the account under the Securities and Exchange Commission&rsquo;s independence rules as it pertains to
partner rotation (S-X <FONT STYLE="color: black">Rule 2-01 &ndash; Qualifications of Accountants). </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We have included with this
Annual Report on Form 10-K/A a  reissued audit opinion for the year ended December 31, 2011, from a licensed CPA at Berman
&amp; Company who: (i) was the manager of our December 31, 2011 audit, (ii) was recently made a partner of the firm, (iii)
had performed most of the audit work on the December 31, 2011 audit after the original audit partner rotated off  the
account (iv)  is serving as our engagement partner on a going forward basis and
has taken full responsibility for the audit as the lead partner of the audit and (v) has performed a review of all audit
procedures related to the audit sufficiency. We have sought guidance from the SEC staff
regarding this matter and intend to file a waiver request to    extent it becomes necessary to allow us to use Form S-3, however, no assurance can be given as to the outcome of any such waiver request. If we are
unsuccessful in our attempt to obtain a waiver from the SEC, for a period of time  up to one year we may be ineligible to
utilize our Registration Statement on Form S-3 to issue securities which may negatively impact our ability to raise necessary
funds on terms acceptable to us, if at all.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>We have a limited operating history
on which investors can base an investment decision.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We have not yet demonstrated our ability
to perform the functions necessary for the successful commercialization of any of our product candidates. We have only recently
entered into the emerging field of synthetic biology, and there can be no assurance that we will be successful in commercializing
any products in such field. The successful commercialization of our product candidates will require us to perform a variety of
functions, including:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%; font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 90%; text-align: justify">continuing to undertake preclinical development and clinical trials;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">participating in regulatory approval processes;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">formulating and manufacturing products; and</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">conducting sales and marketing activities.</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our operations have been limited to
organizing and staffing our company, acquiring, developing, and securing our proprietary technology, and undertaking
preclinical  and clinical trials of our principal product candidates. These operations provide a limited basis for you to
assess our ability to commercialize our product candidates and the advisability of investing in our securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>The technology on which our channel
partnering arrangement with Intrexon is based on early stage technology in the field of synthetic DNA-based therapy.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our exclusive channel collaboration arrangement
with Intrexon contemplates the use of Intrexon&rsquo;s transgene engineering platform technology and regulatory control technology
for the <I>in vivo</I> cellular production of PGIS, a specific effector enzyme that regulates the production of prostacyclin. Such
technologies have a limited history of use in the design and development of human therapeutic product candidates and may therefore
involve unanticipated risks or delays.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>DNA-based therapy has not yet been
proven to be successful.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The FDA has not yet approved any human
DNA-based therapy product for sale. The field of DNA-based therapy, also referred to as gene therapy or gene transfer, is experimental
and has not yet proven successful in many clinical trials. Clinical trials with DNA-based therapy have encountered a multitude
of significant technical problems in the past, including, unintended integration with host DNA, poor levels of protein expression,
transient protein expression, viral overload, immune reactions to either viral capsids utilized to deliver DNA, DNA itself, proteins
expressed or cells transfected with DNA. There can be no assurance that our preclinical animals studies or human clinical trials
will be successful or that we will receive the regulatory approvals necessary to initiate such studies. To the extent that we utilize
viral constructs or other systems to deliver our DNA-based therapies and same or similar delivery systems demonstrate unanticipated
and/or unacceptable side effects in preclinical or clinical trials conducted by ourselves or others we may be forced to, or elect
to, discontinue development of such product candidates.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>We may not generate additional revenue
from our relationships with our corporate&nbsp;collaborators.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On May 6, 2010, we entered into a sublicense
agreement with Meda AB whereby we may receive milestone payments totaling $17.5 million (including an upfront payment of $2.5 million
that has already been received), plus royalties on our flupirtine program. There can be no assurance that Meda AB will successfully
develop flupirtine for fibromyalgia in the U.S., Canada or Japan that would allow us to receive such additional $15 million in
milestone payments and royalties on sales in connection with such agreement. The successful achievement of the various milestones
set forth in the sublicense agreement is not within our control and we will be dependent upon Meda AB for achievement of such milestones.
According to Meda&rsquo;s 2010 Annual Report, flupirtine for fibromyalgia is currently in Phase II development.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;<B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>We have experienced several management
changes. </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We have had significant changes in management
in the past few years. Jeffrey Riley was appointed Chief Executive Officer and President on February 3, 2012. Effective February 6, 2012, C. Evan Ballantyne was appointed Chief Financial Officer. James S. Kuo, M.D.,
served as Chief Executive Officer and President from February 6, 2010 until February 3, 2012. Max Lyon served as Chief Executive
Officer, President and director from June 26, 2009 until February 6, 2010. Changes in our key positions, as well as additions of
new personnel and departures of existing personnel, can be disruptive, might lead to additional departures of existing personnel
and could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, financial results and internal controls over financial
reporting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>We may not be able to retain rights
licensed to us by others to commercialize key products and may not be able to establish or maintain the relationships we need to
develop, manufacture, and market our products.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In addition to our own
patent applications, we also currently rely on licensing agreements with third party patent holders/licensors for our
products. We have an exclusive license agreement with the McLean Hospital relating to the use of flupirtine to treat
fibromyalgia which was sublicensed to Meda AB and an exclusive license agreement with the Regents of the University of
California relating to our Trimesta technology. Each of these agreements requires us or our sublicensee to use our best
efforts to commercialize each of the technologies as well as meet certain diligence requirements and timelines in order to
keep the license agreement in effect. In the event we or our sublicensee are not able to meet our diligence requirements, we
may not be able to retain the rights granted under our agreements or renegotiate our arrangement with these institutions on
reasonable terms, or at all. Furthermore, we currently have very limited product development capabilities, and limited
marketing or sales capabilities. For us to research, develop, and test our product candidates, we would need to contract with
outside researchers, in most cases those parties that did the original research and from whom we have licensed the
technologies. Our exclusive channel collaboration agreement with Intrexon provides that Intrexon may terminate such
agreement if we do not perform certain specified requirements, including developing therapies considered superior.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We can give no assurances that any of our
issued patents licensed to us or any of our other patent applications will provide us with significant proprietary protection or
be of commercial benefit to us. Furthermore, the issuance of a patent is not conclusive as to its validity or enforceability, nor
does the issuance of a patent provide the patent holder with freedom to operate without infringing the patent rights of others.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>We will incur additional expenses
in connection with our exclusive channel collaboration arrangement with Intrexon.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to our exclusive channel collaboration
with Intrexon, we are responsible for future research and development expenses of product candidates developed under such collaboration,
the effect of which we expect will increase the level of our overall research and development expenses going forward. Although
all manufacturing, preclinical studies and human clinical trials are expensive and difficult to design and implement, costs associated
with the manufacturing, research and development of biologic product candidates are generally greater in comparison to small molecule
product candidates. We have added additional personnel and expect to add additional personnel to support our exclusive channel
collaboration with Intrexon.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Because our collaboration with Intrexon
is relatively new, we have only recently assumed development responsibility and costs associated with such program. In addition,
because development activities are determined pursuant to a joint steering committee comprised of Intrexon and ourselves and we
have limited experience, future development costs associated this program may be difficult to anticipate and exceed our expectations.
Our actual cash requirements may vary materially from our current expectations for a number of other factors that may include,
but are not limited to, unanticipated technical challenges, changes in the focus and direction of our development activities or
adjustments necessitated by changes in the competitive landscape in which we operate. If we are unable to continue to financially
support such collaboration due to our own working capital constraints, we may be forced to delay our activities. If we are unable
to obtain additional financing on terms acceptable to us or at all, we may be forced to seek licensing partners or discontinue
development.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Developments by competitors may render
our products or technologies obsolete or non-competitive.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Companies that currently sell or are developing
both generic and proprietary products to treat serious diseases include: Actelion Pharmaceuticals, Bayer Health Care, Biogen Idec,
Eli Lilly &amp; Co., Genzyme, GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, Merck &amp; Co., Pfizer, Novartis, Teva Pharmaceuticals and United
Therapeutics. Many of our competitors have significant financial and human resources. The pulmonary arterial hypertension market
is highly competitive and several different product classes currently compete in this space, including prostacyclin-based therapies,
endothelin receptor antagonists and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors. Prostacyclin-based therapies for PAH are available in
a number of delivery formats, including intravenous, subcutaneous and inhaled routes and an oral prostacyclin-based product candidate
is currently under NDA review in the U.S. In addition, academic research centers may develop technologies that compete with our
Trimesta, sustained-release zinc preparation - AEN-100, and flupirtine technologies. Should clinicians or regulatory authorities
view these therapeutic regiments as more effective than our products, this might delay or prevent us from obtaining regulatory
approval for our products, or it might prevent us from obtaining favorable reimbursement rates from payers, such as Medicare, Medicaid
and private insurers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I></I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>We operate in a highly competitive
environment</I>.</B></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries
are characterized by rapidly evolving technology and intense competition. Our competitors include major multi-national pharmaceutical
companies and biotechnology companies developing both generic and proprietary therapies to treat serious diseases. Many of these
companies are well-established and possess technical, human, research and development, financial, and sales and marketing resources
significantly greater than ours. In addition, many of our potential competitors have formed strategic collaborations, partnerships
and other types of joint ventures with larger, well established industry competitors that afford these companies potential research
and development and commercialization advantages in the therapeutic areas we are currently pursuing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Academic research centers, governmental
agencies and other public and private research organizations are also conducting and financing research activities which may produce
products directly competitive to those being developed by us. In addition, many of these competitors may be able to obtain patent
protection, obtain FDA and other regulatory approvals and begin commercial sales of their products before us.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Competitors could develop and/or
gain FDA approval of our products for a different indication.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Since we do not have composition of matter
patent claims for flupirtine, estriol or zinc acetate, others may obtain approvals for other uses of these products that are not
covered by our issued or pending patents. For example, the active ingredients in both Effirma (flurpirtine) and Trimesta (estriol)
have been approved for marketing in overseas countries for different uses and an oral immediate release form of zinc is approved
in the U.S. and Europe for the treatment of Wilson&rsquo;s disease. Other companies, including the original developers or licensees
or affiliates may seek to develop Effirma or Trimesta or their respective active ingredient(s) for other uses in the U.S. or any
country we are seeking approval for. We cannot provide any assurances that any other company may obtain FDA approval for products
that contain flupirtine, estriol or zinc in various formulations or delivery systems that might adversely affect our ability or
the ability of Meda to develop and market these products in the U.S. We are aware that other companies have intellectual property
protection using the active ingredients and have conducted clinical trials of flupirtine, estriol and zinc for different applications
than what we are developing. Many of these companies may have more resources than us. We cannot provide any assurances that our
products will be FDA-approved prior to our competitors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If a product containing our active ingredients
is already marketed or if the FDA approves other products containing our active ingredients in the future to treat indications,
physicians may elect to prescribe and substitute a competitor&rsquo;s products to treat the diseases for which we are intending
to commercialize; this is commonly referred to as &ldquo;off-label&rdquo; use. While under FDA regulations a competitor is not
allowed to promote off-label uses of its product, the FDA does not regulate the practice of medicine and, as a result, cannot direct
physicians to select certain products for their patients. Consequently, we might be limited in our ability to prevent off-label
use of a competitor&rsquo;s product to treat the diseases we are intending to commercialize, even if we have issued method of use
patents for that indication. If we are not able to obtain and enforce our patents, if any, or otherwise receive orphan drug protection
in the case of ALS, a competitor could develop and commercialize similar products for the same indications that we are pursuing.
We cannot provide any assurances that a competitor will not obtain FDA approval for a product that contains the same active ingredients
as our products.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>We rely on method patents and patent
applications and various regulatory exclusivities to protect some of our product candidates and our ability to compete may be limited
or eliminated if we are not able to protect our products.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our competitiveness may be adversely affected
if we are unable to protect our proprietary technologies. We do not have composition of matter patents for Trimesta or Effirma,
or their respective active ingredients estriol and flupirtine. We rely on issued patent and pending patent applications for use
of Trimesta to treat MS (issued U.S. Patent No. 6,936,599) and various other therapeutic indications, which have been exclusively
licensed to us. We have exclusively licensed an issued patent for the treatment of fibromyalgia with flupirtine, which we have
sublicensed to Meda AB.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our AEN-100 drug candidate (gastroretentive
zinc acetate) is the subject of U.S. and international pending patent applications, such as published U.S. patent application Ser.
No. 11/621,962 and corresponding international applications that claim priority to January 10, 2006 as well as additional patent
applications. On October 26, 2011, we received a final rejection letter with regard to U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/621,962.
On February 15, 2012, we filed<FONT STYLE="color: black"> a Request for Continued Examination.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The patent positions of pharmaceutical
companies are uncertain and may involve complex legal and factual questions. We may incur significant expense in protecting our
intellectual property and defending or assessing claims with respect to intellectual property owned by others. Any patent or other
infringement litigation by or against us could cause us to incur significant expense and divert the attention of our management.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Others may file patent applications or
obtain patents on similar technologies or compounds that compete with our products. We cannot predict how broad the claims in any
such patents or applications will be, and whether they will be allowed. Once claims have been issued, we cannot predict how they
will be construed or enforced. We may infringe intellectual property rights of others without being aware of it. If another party
claims we are infringing their technology, we could have to defend an expensive and time consuming lawsuit, pay a large sum if
we are found to be infringing, or be prohibited from selling or licensing our products unless we obtain a license or redesign our
product, which may not be possible.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We also rely on trade secrets and proprietary
know-how to develop and maintain our competitive position. Some of our current or former employees, consultants, scientific advisors,
current or prospective corporate collaborators, may unintentionally or willfully disclose our confidential information to competitors
or use our proprietary technology for their own benefit. Furthermore, enforcing a claim alleging the infringement of our trade
secrets would be expensive and difficult to prove, making the outcome uncertain. Our competitors may also independently develop
similar knowledge, methods, and know-how or gain access to our proprietary information through some other means.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>We may fail to retain or recruit
necessary personnel, and we may be unable to secure the services of consultants.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As of March 26, 2012, we had eight
employees. We have also engaged regulatory consultants to advise us on our dealings with the FDA and other foreign regulatory
authorities and have been and will be required to retain additional consultants and employees in order to fulfill our
obligations under our exclusive channel collaboration with Intrexon. Our future performance will depend in part on our ability to
successfully integrate newly hired officers into our management team and our ability to develop an effective
working relationship among senior management.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Certain of our directors Jeffrey Kraws, James S. Kuo, Nelson K. Stacks, Scott L. Tarriff, and Jeffrey Wolf,&nbsp;scientific advisors, and
consultants serve as officers, directors, scientific advisors, or consultants of other biopharmaceutical or biotechnology
companies that might be developing competitive products to ours. Other than corporate opportunities, none of our directors
are obligated under any agreement or understanding with us to make any additional products or technologies available to us.
Similarly, we can give no assurances, and we do not expect and stockholders should not expect, that any biomedical or
pharmaceutical product or technology identified by any of our directors or affiliates in the future would be made available
to us other than corporate opportunities. We can give no assurances that any such other companies will not have interests
that are in conflict with our interests.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Losing key personnel or failing to recruit
necessary additional personnel would impede our ability to attain our development objectives. There is intense competition for
qualified personnel in the drug-development field, and we may not be able to attract and retain the qualified personnel we would
need to develop our business.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We rely on independent organizations, advisors,
and consultants to perform certain services for us, including handling substantially all aspects of regulatory approval, clinical
management, manufacturing, marketing, and sales. We expect that this will continue to be the case. Such services may not always
be available to us on a timely basis when we need them.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>If the parties we depend on for supplying
our drug substance raw materials and certain manufacturing-related services do not timely supply these products and services, it
may delay or impair our ability to develop, manufacture and market our products. </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We rely on suppliers for our drug
substance raw materials and third parties for certain manufacturing-related services to produce material that meets
appropriate content, quality and stability standards and use in clinical trials of our products and, after approval, for
commercial distribution. Our AEN-100 product candidate has limited stability data to date and is the subject of ongoing
stability studies. To succeed, clinical trials require adequate supplies of drug substance and drug product, which may be
difficult or uneconomical to procure or manufacture. We and our suppliers and vendors may not be able to (i) produce our drug
substance or drug product to appropriate standards for use in clinical studies, (ii) perform under any definitive
manufacturing, supply or service agreements with us or (iii) remain in business for a sufficient time to successfully produce
and market our product candidates. If we do not maintain important manufacturing and service relationships, we may fail to
find a replacement supplier or required vendor or develop our own manufacturing capabilities which could delay or impair our
ability to obtain regulatory approval for our products and substantially increase our costs or deplete profit margins, if
any. If we do find replacement manufacturers and vendors, we may not be able to enter into agreements with them on terms and
conditions favorable to us and, there could be a substantial delay before a new facility could be qualified and registered
with the FDA and foreign regulatory authorities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;<B><I>&nbsp;&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>If successful large-scale manufacturing
of DNA-based products is not possible, we or our collaborators may be unable to manufacture enough of our product candidates to
achieve regulatory approval or market our DNA-based products.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Few companies to date have demonstrated
successful large-scale manufacturing of DNA-based products, including those that have had significantly more resources than us
and it is anticipated that significant challenges will be faced in the scale-up of our manufacturing process for commercial production.
There are a limited number of contract manufacturers qualified to perform large-scale manufacturing of DNA-based products. We or
our collaborators may be unable to manufacture commercial-scale quantities of DNA-based products or receive appropriate government
approvals on a timely basis or at all. Failure to successfully manufacture or obtain appropriate government approvals on a timely
basis or at all would prevent us from achieving our business objectives.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Clinical trials are very expensive,
time-consuming, and difficult to design and implement.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Human clinical trials are very expensive
and difficult to design and implement, in part because they are subject to rigorous regulatory requirements. The clinical trial
process is also time-consuming. We estimate that clinical trials of our product candidates would take at least several years to
complete. Furthermore, failure can occur at any stage of the trials, and we could encounter problems that cause us to abandon or
repeat clinical trials. Commencement and completion of clinical trials may be delayed by several factors, including:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 92%">obtaining an IND application with the FDA to commence clinical trials;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD>identification of, and acceptable arrangements with, one or more clinical sites;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD>obtaining IRB approval to commence clinical trials;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">unforeseen safety issues;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">determination of dosing;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">lack of effectiveness during clinical trials;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">slower than expected rates of patient recruitment;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">inability to monitor patients adequately during or after treatment;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">inability or unwillingness of medical investigators to follow our clinical protocols; and</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</TD>
    <TD>unwillingness of the FDA or IRBs to permit the clinical trials to be initiated.</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In addition, we, IRBs or the FDA may suspend
our clinical trials at any time if it appears that we are exposing participants to unacceptable health risks or if IRBs or the
FDA finds deficiencies in our submissions or conduct of our trials.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>The results of our clinical trials
may not support our product candidate claims and the results of preclinical studies and completed clinical trials are not necessarily
predictive of future results.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">To date, long-term safety and efficacy
have not yet been demonstrated in clinical trials for any of our diagnostic product candidates. Favorable results in our early
studies or trials may not be repeated in later studies or trials. Even if our clinical trials are initiated and completed as planned,
we cannot be certain that the results will support our product candidate claims. Success in preclinical testing and Phase II clinical
trials does not ensure that later Phase II or Phase III clinical trials will be successful. We cannot be sure that the results
of later clinical trials would replicate the results of prior clinical trials and preclinical testing. In particular, the limited
results that we have obtained for our diagnostic tests may not predict results from studies in larger numbers of subjects drawn
from more diverse populations over a longer period of time. Clinical trials may fail to demonstrate that our product candidates
are safe for humans and effective for indicated uses. Any such failure could cause us or our sublicensee to abandon a product candidate
and might delay development of other product candidates. Preclinical and clinical results are frequently susceptible to varying
interpretations that may delay, limit or prevent regulatory approvals or commercialization. Any delay in, or termination of, our
clinical trials would delay our obtaining FDA approval for the affected product candidate and, ultimately, our ability to commercialize
that product candidate.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>We depend on third parties, including
researchers and sublicensees, who are not under our control.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Since we have in-licensed some of our product
candidates, have sublicensed a product candidate and have a collaboration agreement for the development of another product candidate,
we depend upon our sublicensee and independent investigators and scientific collaborators, such as universities and medical institutions
or private physician scientists, to conduct our preclinical and clinical trials under agreements with us. These collaborators are
not our employees and we cannot control the amount or timing of resources that they devote to our programs or the timing of their
procurement of clinical-trial data or their compliance with applicable regulatory guidelines. Should any of these scientific inventors/advisors
or those of our sublicensee become disabled or die unexpectedly, or should they fail to comply with applicable regulatory guidelines,
we or our sublicensee may be forced to scale back or terminate development of that program. They may not assign as great a priority
to our programs or pursue them as diligently as we would if we were undertaking those programs ourselves. Failing to devote sufficient
time and resources to our drug-development programs, or substandard performance and failure to comply with regulatory guidelines,
could result in delay of any FDA applications and our commercialization of the drug candidate involved.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">These collaborators may also have relationships
with other commercial entities, some of which may compete with us. Our collaborators assisting our competitors at our expense could
harm our competitive position. For example, we are highly dependent on scientific collaborators for our Trimesta development program.
Specifically, all of the clinical trials have been conducted under physician-sponsored IND applications, not corporate-sponsored
INDs. Generally, we have experienced difficulty in collecting data generated from these physician-sponsored clinical trials for
our programs. We cannot provide any assurances that we will not experience any additional delays in the future.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We are also highly dependent on government
and private grants to fund certain of our clinical trials for our product candidates. For example, Trimesta (estriol) has received
grants totaling over $8 million,&nbsp;predominantly from the Southern California Chapter of the NMSS and the National Institutes
of Health which funds a majority of the ongoing clinical trial in relapsing-remitting MS for women. Although we believe that the
grant funding received to date is sufficient to complete the current clinical trial based upon current cost estimates, if we experience
any additional unanticipated costs or require further clinical trials, and our scientific collaborator is unable to maintain or
receive additional grants, we might be forced to scale back or terminate the development of this product candidate. We will also
need to cross reference our IND with the inventor/IND holder for this program should we elect to file our own corporate IND for
our Trimesta (estriol) program. The on-going and future development and commercialization of Effirma (flupirtine) for fibromyalgia
is the responsibility of Meda AB and no assurance can be given that Meda will gain the FDA&rsquo;s acceptance of the NDA or obtain
NDA approval from the FDA of flupirtine for fibromyalgia.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our AEN-100 program for ALS
is reliant on the investigator-initiated IND of PNA as well as their clinical trial capabilities. Although the planned
Phase II/III clinical trial that we intend to conduct with PNA has received regulatory approval to proceed, such clinical
trial is still the subject of further protocol development and IRB approval, either of which may alter the anticipated timing
and budget of such clinical trial. In addition, because AEN-100 is not the same zinc formulation utilized by PNA in its
previously completed Phase I/II safety study of zinc for ALS, PNA intends to conduct a Phase I study of AEN-100 in normal
volunteers prior to initiating the Phase II/III clinical trial in ALS patients. The IRB approval process is ongoing for the
planned Phase I study of AEN-100 and the planned Phase II/III clinical trial in ALS patients. Such Phase I study of AEN-100
may produce unanticipated and unacceptable safety, tolerability or bioavailability results that may substantially
delay initiation of the planned Phase II/III clinical trial in ALS patients.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">With respect to our synthetic biologic
product candidates, we are dependent upon Intrexon&rsquo;s synthetic biology facilities and capabilities as we have no such facilities
and capabilities of our own. We are also reliant on their vector engineering platform, gene expression switch technology and know-how.
If any of the foregoing were to become inaccessible or terminated, it would be difficult for us to develop and commercialize our
synthetic biologic product candidates.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>We may incur substantial costs as
a result of litigation or other proceedings relating to patent and other intellectual property rights, as well as costs associated
with lawsuits.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If any other person files patent applications,
or is issued patents, claiming technology also claimed by us in pending applications, we may be required to participate in interference
proceedings in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office to determine priority of invention. We, or our licensors, may also need to
participate in interference proceedings involving our issued patents and pending applications of another entity.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The intellectual property environment in
the area of DNA-based therapeutics is particularly complex, constantly evolving and highly fragmented. Other companies and institutions
have issued patents and have filed or will file patent applications that may issue into patents that cover or attempt to cover
genes, vectors, cell lines, and methods of making and using DNA and DNA-based therapy products used in, or similar to our product
candidate, and technologies. We have not conducted freedom-to-use patent searches on all aspects of our product candidates or potential
product candidates, and we may be unaware of relevant patents and patent applications of third parties. In addition, the freedom-to-use
patent searches that have been conducted may not have identified all relevant issued patents or pending patents. We cannot provide
assurance that our proposed products in this area will not ultimately be held to infringe one or more valid claims owned by third
parties which may exist or come to exist in the future or that in such case we will be able to obtain a license from such parties
on acceptable terms.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We cannot guarantee that the practice of
our technologies will not conflict with the rights of others. In some foreign jurisdictions, we could become involved in opposition
proceedings, either by opposing the validity of another&rsquo;s foreign patent or by persons opposing the validity of our foreign
patents.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We may also face frivolous litigation or
lawsuits from various competitors or from litigious securities attorneys. The cost to us of any litigation or other proceeding
relating to these areas, even if deemed frivolous or resolved in our favor, could be substantial and could distract management
from our business. Uncertainties resulting from initiation and continuation of any litigation could have a material adverse effect
on our ability to continue our operations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>If we infringe the rights of others
we could be prevented from selling products or forced to pay damages.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If our products, methods, processes, and
other technologies are found to infringe the proprietary rights of other parties, we could be required to pay damages, or we may
be required to cease using the technology or to license rights from the prevailing party. Any prevailing party may be unwilling
to offer us a license on commercially acceptable terms.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>RISKS RELATING TO OUR STOCK</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>We will seek to raise additional
funds in the future, which may be dilutive to stockholders or impose operational restrictions.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We expect to seek to raise additional capital
in the future to help fund development of our proposed products. If we raise additional capital through the issuance of equity  or of debt securities, the percentage ownership of our current stockholders will be reduced. We may also
enter into strategic transactions, issue equity as part of license issue fees to our licensors, compensate consultants or settle
outstanding payables using equity that may be dilutive. Our stockholders may experience additional dilution in net book value per
share and any additional equity securities may have rights, preferences and privileges senior to those of the holders of our common
stock. If we cannot raise additional funds, we will have to delay development activities of our products candidates.<BR>
&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>We are substantially controlled by
our current officers, directors, and principal stockholders.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Currently, our directors, executive
officers, and principal stockholders beneficially own a substantial number of shares of our common stock. As a result, they
will be able to exert substantial influence over the election of our Board of Directors and the vote on issues submitted to
our stockholders. Our executive officers and directors beneficially owned approximately 8.7 million shares of our common
stock, including  stock options and warrants exercisable within 60 days of March 26, 2012. Our executive officers,
directors and principal stockholders together beneficially owned approximately 12.1 million shares of our common stock,
including the stock options and warrants exercisable within 60 days of March 26, 2012. Because our common stock has from time
to time been &ldquo;thinly traded&rdquo;, the sale of a substantial number of shares by our executive
officers, directors and principal stockholders would have an adverse effect on the market for our stock and our share
price.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Our shares of common stock are from
time to time thinly traded, so stockholders may be unable to sell at or near ask prices or at all if they need to sell shares to
raise money or otherwise desire to liquidate their shares.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our common stock has from time to time
been &ldquo;thinly-traded,&rdquo; meaning that the number of persons interested in purchasing our common stock at or near ask prices
at any given time may be relatively small or non-existent. This situation is attributable to a number of factors, including the
fact that we are a small company that is relatively unknown to stock analysts, stock brokers, institutional investors and others
in the investment community that generate or influence sales volume, and that even if we came to the attention of such persons,
they tend to be risk-averse and would be reluctant to follow an unproven company such as ours or purchase or recommend the purchase
of our shares until such time as we became more seasoned and viable. As a consequence, there may be periods of several days or
more when trading activity in our shares is minimal or non-existent, as compared to a seasoned issuer which has a large and steady
volume of trading activity that will generally support continuous sales without an adverse effect on share price. We cannot give
stockholders any assurance that a broader or more active public trading market for our common shares will develop or be sustained,
or that current trading levels will be sustained.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>We cannot assure you that the common stock will be liquid
or that it will remain listed on the NYSE Amex.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We cannot assure you that we will be able
to maintain the continued listing standards of the NYSE Amex (formerly the American Stock Exchange). The NYSE Amex requires companies
to meet certain continued listing criteria including certain minimum stockholders' equity&nbsp;and equity prices per share&nbsp;as
outlined in the NYSE Amex Exchange Company Guide. We may not be able to maintain such minimum stockholders' equity or prices per
share or may be required to effect a reverse stock split to maintain such minimum prices and/or issue additional equity securities
in exchange for cash or other assets, if available, to maintain certain minimum stockholders' equity required by the NYSE Amex.&nbsp;If
we are delisted from the NYSE Amex then our common stock will trade, if at all, only on the over-the-counter market, such as the
OTC Bulletin Board securities market, and then only if one or more registered broker-dealer market makers comply with quotation
requirements. In addition, delisting of our common stock could depress our stock price, substantially limit liquidity of our common
stock and materially adversely affect our ability to raise capital on terms acceptable to us, or at all. Delisting from the NYSE
Amex could also have other negative results, including the potential loss of confidence by suppliers and employees, the loss of
institutional investor interest and fewer business development opportunities. In order to remain listed on NYSE Amex, we are required
to maintain a minimum stockholders&rsquo; equity of $6 million.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>There may be issuances of shares
of preferred stock in the future.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Although we currently do not have preferred
shares outstanding, the Board of Directors could authorize the issuance of a series of preferred stock that would grant holders
preferred rights to our assets upon liquidation, the right to receive dividends before dividends would be declared to common stockholders,
and the right to the redemption of such shares, possibly together with a premium, prior to the redemption of the common stock.
To the extent that we do issue preferred stock, the rights of holders of common stock could be impaired thereby, including without
limitation, with respect to liquidation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>RISKS RELATED TO OUR INDUSTRY</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>We are subject to government regulation,
compliance with which can be costly and difficult.</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In the U.S., the formulation, manufacturing,
packaging, storing, labeling, promotion, advertising, distribution and sale of our products are subject to regulation by various
governmental agencies, including (1) the FDA, (2) the Federal Trade Commission, or FTC, (3) the Consumer Product Safety Commission,
or CPSC, (4) the U.S. Department of Agriculture, or USDA. Our proposed activities may also be regulated by various agencies of
the states, localities and foreign countries in which our proposed products may be manufactured, distributed and sold. The FDA,
in particular, regulates the formulation, manufacture and labeling of over-the-counter, or OTC drugs, prescription drugs, medical
foods, conventional foods, homeopathic OTC drugs, dietary supplements, and cosmetics such as those that we intend to distribute.
FDA regulations require us and our suppliers to meet relevant cGMP regulations for the preparation, packing, labeling, and storage
of all drugs and foods.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Any products manufactured or distributed
by us pursuant to FDA approvals are subject to pervasive and continuing FDA regulation, including record-keeping requirements,
reporting of adverse experiences, submitting periodic reports, drug sampling and distribution requirements, manufacturing or labeling
changes, record-keeping requirements, and compliance with FDA promotion and advertising requirements. Drug manufacturers and their
subcontractors are required to register their facilities with the FDA and state agencies, and are subject to periodic unannounced
inspections for GMP compliance, imposing procedural and documentation requirements upon us and third-party manufacturers. Failure
to comply with these regulations could result, among other things, in suspension of regulatory approval, recalls, suspension of
production or injunctions, seizures, or civil or criminal sanctions. We cannot be certain that we or our present or future subcontractors
will be able to comply with these regulations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The FDA regulates prescription drug labeling
and promotion activities. The FDA actively enforces regulations prohibiting the marketing of products for unapproved uses. The
FDA permits the promotion of drugs for unapproved uses in certain circumstances, subject to stringent requirements. We and our
product candidates are subject to a variety of state laws and regulations which may hinder our ability to market our products.
Whether or not FDA approval has been obtained, approval by foreign regulatory authorities must be obtained prior to commencing
clinical trials, and sales and marketing efforts in those countries. These approval procedures vary in complexity from country
to country, and the processes may be longer or shorter than that required for FDA approval. We may incur significant costs to comply
with these laws and regulations now or in the future.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We intend to develop our zinc candidate,
AEN-100, as a drug and intend to file an IND with the FDA in order to conduct necessary clinical trials to support new medical
claims and ultimately file one or more NDA with respect to such products which would subject us to time, expense and uncertainty
associated with achieving approval of such NDA by the FDA.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The FDA, comparable foreign regulators
and state and local pharmacy regulators impose substantial requirements upon clinical development, manufacture and marketing of
pharmaceutical products. These and other entities regulate research and development and the testing, manufacture, quality control,
safety, effectiveness, labeling, storage, record keeping, approval, advertising, and promotion of our products. The drug approval
process required by the FDA under the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act generally involves:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">preclinical laboratory and animal tests;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">submission of an IND, prior to commencing human clinical trials;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">adequate and well-controlled human clinical trials to establish safety and efficacy for intended
use;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">submission to the FDA of an NDA or Biologics License Application (BLA); and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font: 10pt Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">FDA review and approval of an NDA or BLA.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The testing and approval process requires
substantial time, effort, and financial resources, and we cannot be certain that any approval will be granted on a timely basis,
if at all.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Preclinical tests include laboratory evaluation
of the product candidate, its chemistry, formulation and stability, and animal studies to assess potential safety and efficacy.
Certain preclinical tests must be conducted in compliance with good laboratory practice regulations. Violations of these regulations
can, in some cases, lead to invalidation of the studies, requiring them to be replicated. In some cases, long-term preclinical
studies are conducted concurrently with clinical studies.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We will submit the preclinical test results,
together with manufacturing information and analytical data, to the FDA as part of an IND, which must become effective before we
begin human clinical trials. The IND automatically becomes effective 30 days after filing, unless the FDA raises questions about
conduct of the trials outlined in the IND and imposes a clinical hold, in which case, the IND sponsor and FDA must resolve the
matters before clinical trials can begin. It is possible that our submission may not result in FDA authorization to commence clinical
trials.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Clinical trials must be supervised by a
qualified investigator in accordance with good clinical practice (GCP) regulations, which include informed consent requirements.
An independent IRB at each medical center reviews and approves and monitors the study, and is periodically informed of the study&rsquo;s
progress, adverse events and changes in research. Progress reports are submitted annually to the FDA and more frequently if adverse
events occur.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Human clinical trials of drug candidates
typically have three sequential phases that may overlap:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Phase I:&nbsp;The drug is initially tested
in healthy human subjects or patients for safety, dosage tolerance, absorption, metabolism, distribution, and excretion.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Phase II:&nbsp;The drug is studied in a
limited patient population to identify possible adverse effects and safety risks, determine efficacy for specific diseases and
establish dosage tolerance and optimal dosage.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Phase III:&nbsp;When phase II evaluations
demonstrate that a dosage range is effective with an acceptable safety profile,</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Phase III&nbsp;&nbsp;trials to further evaluate
dosage, clinical efficacy and safety, are undertaken in an expanded patient population, often at geographically dispersed sites.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We cannot be certain that we
will successfully complete Phase I, Phase II, or Phase III testing of our product candidates within any specific time period,
if at all. Furthermore, the FDA, an IRB or the IND sponsor may suspend clinical trials at any time on various grounds,
including a finding that subjects or patients are exposed to unacceptable health risk. Concurrent with these trials and
studies, we also develop chemistry and physical characteristics data and finalize a manufacturing process in accordance with
good manufacturing practice (GMP) requirements. The manufacturing process must conform to consistency and quality standards,
and we must develop methods for testing the quality, purity, and potency of the final products. Appropriate packaging is
selected and tested, and chemistry stability studies are conducted to demonstrate that the product does not undergo
unacceptable deterioration over its shelf-life. Results of the foregoing are submitted to the FDA as part of a NDA (or BLA in
case of biologic products) for marketing and commercial shipment approval. The FDA reviews each NDA or BLA submitted and may
request additional information.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Once the FDA accepts the NDA or BLA
for filing, it begins its in-depth review. The FDA has substantial discretion in the approval process and may disagree with
our interpretation of the data submitted. The process may be significantly extended by requests for additional information
or clarification regarding information already provided. As part of this review, the FDA may refer the application to
an appropriate advisory committee, typically a panel of clinicians. Manufacturing establishments often are inspected prior
to NDA or BLA approval to assure compliance with GMPs and with manufacturing commitments made in the application.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Submission of an NDA or BLA
with clinical data requires payment of a fee. In return, the FDA assigns a goal of ten months for issuing its &ldquo;complete
response,&rdquo; in which the FDA may approve or deny the NDA or BLA, or require additional clinical data. Even if these data
are submitted, the FDA may ultimately decide the NDA or BLA does not satisfy approval criteria. If the FDA approves the NDA
or BLA, the product becomes available for physicians prescription. Product approval may be withdrawn if regulatory compliance
is not maintained or safety problems occur. The FDA may require post-marketing studies, also known as phase IV studies, as a
condition of approval, and requires surveillance programs to monitor approved products that have been commercialized. The
agency has the power to require changes in labeling or prohibit further marketing based on the results of post-marketing
surveillance.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Satisfaction of these and other regulatory
requirements typically takes several years, and the actual time required may vary substantially based upon the type, complexity
and novelty of the product. Government regulation may delay or prevent marketing of potential products for a considerable period
of time and impose costly procedures on our activities. We cannot be certain that the FDA or other regulatory agencies will approve
any of our products on a timely basis, if at all. Success in preclinical or early-stage clinical trials does not assure success
in later-stage clinical trials. Data obtained from preclinical and clinical activities are not always conclusive and may be susceptible
to varying interpretations that could delay, limit or prevent regulatory approval. Even if a product receives regulatory approval,
the approval may be significantly limited to specific indications or uses.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Even after regulatory approval is obtained,
later discovery of previously unknown problems with a product may result in restrictions on the product or even complete withdrawal
of the product from the market. Delays in obtaining, or failures to obtain regulatory approvals would have a material adverse effect
on our business.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The FDA&rsquo;s policies may change, and
additional government regulations may be enacted which could prevent or delay regulatory approval of our potential products. Increased
attention to the containment of health care costs worldwide could result in new government regulations materially adverse to our
business. We cannot predict the likelihood, nature or extent of adverse governmental regulation that might arise from future legislative
or administrative action, either in the U.S. or abroad.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>We do not have a guarantee of patent restoration and marketing
exclusivity of the ingredients for our drugs even if we are granted FDA approval of our products. </I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The U.S. Drug Price Competition and Patent
Term Restoration Act of 1984 (Hatch-Waxman) permits the FDA to approve Abbreviated New Drug Applications (ANDAs) for generic versions
of innovator drugs, as well as NDAs with less original clinical data, and provides patent restoration and exclusivity protections
to innovator drug manufacturers. The ANDA process permits competitor companies to obtain marketing approval for drugs with the
same active ingredient and for the same uses as innovator drugs, but does not require the conduct and submission of clinical studies
demonstrating safety and efficacy. As a result, a competitor could copy any of our drugs and only need to submit data demonstrating
that the copy is bioequivalent to gain marketing approval from the FDA. Hatch-Waxman requires a competitor that submits an ANDA,
or otherwise relies on safety and efficacy data for one of our drugs, to notify us and/or our business partners of potential infringement
of our patent rights. We and/or our business partners may sue the company for patent infringement, which would result in a 30-month
stay of approval of the competitor&rsquo;s application. The discovery, trial and appeals process in such suits can take several
years. If the litigation is resolved in favor of the generic applicant or the challenged patent expires during the 30-month period,
the stay is lifted and the FDA may approve the application. Hatch-Waxman also allows competitors to market copies of innovator
products by submitting significantly less clinical data outside the ANDA context. Such applications, known as &ldquo;505(b)(2)
NDAs&rdquo; or &ldquo;paper NDAs,&rdquo; may rely on clinical investigations not conducted by or for the applicant and for which
the applicant has not obtained a right of reference or use and are subject to the ANDA notification procedures described above.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The law also permits restoration of a portion
of a product&rsquo;s patent term that is lost during clinical development and NDA review, and provides statutory protection, known
as exclusivity, against FDA approval or acceptance of certain competitor applications. Restoration can return up to five years
of patent term for a patent covering a new product or its use to compensate for time lost during product development and regulatory
review. The restoration period is generally one-half the time between the effective date of an IND and submission of an NDA, plus
the time between NDA submission and its approval (subject to the five-year limit), and no extension can extend total patent life
beyond 14 years after the drug approval date. Applications for patent term extension are subject to U.S. Patent and Trademark Office
(USPTO) approval, in conjunction with FDA. Approval of these applications takes at least nine months, and there can be no guarantee
that it will be given at all.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Hatch-Waxman also provides for differing
periods of statutory protection for new drugs approved under an NDA. Among the types of exclusivity are those for a &ldquo;new
molecular entity&rdquo; and those for a new formulation or indication for a previously-approved drug. If granted, marketing exclusivity
for the types of products that we are developing, which include only drugs with innovative changes to previously-approved products
using the same active ingredient, would prohibit the FDA from approving an ANDA or 505(b)(2) NDA relying on our safety and efficacy
data for three years. This three-year exclusivity, however, covers only the innovation associated with the original NDA. It does
not prohibit the FDA from approving applications for drugs with the same active ingredient but without our new innovative change.
These marketing exclusivity protections do not prohibit the FDA from approving a full NDA, even if it contains the innovative change.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Item 1B.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Unresolved
Staff Comments</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Not applicable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Item 2.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Properties</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We currently rent approximately 5,936
square feet of office space in Ann Arbor, Michigan for monthly rent of $2,500, and we rent office space in Rockville, Maryland
for monthly rent of $718. We believe our current offices will be adequate for the foreseeable future.&nbsp;</P>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Item 3.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Legal
Proceedings</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Not applicable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Item 4.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Mine
Safety Disclosures</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Not applicable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PART II</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Item 5.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Market
for Registrant&rsquo;s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchase of Equity Securities</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our common stock has traded on the
NYSE Amex under the symbol &ldquo;SYN&rdquo; since February 16, 2012. Prior to this time, our common stock traded under the
symbol &ldquo;AEN&rdquo; since October 16, 2008. The following table states the range of the high and low sales prices of our
common stock for each of the calendar quarters during the years ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010. These
quotations represent inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, markdown, or commission, and may not represent actual
transactions. The last price of our common stock as reported on the NYSE Amex on <FONT STYLE="background-color: white">March
26, 2012 was $2.28 per share. As of March 26, 2012, there were approximately 353 </FONT>stockholders of record of our common
stock. This number does not include beneficial owners from whom shares are held by nominees in street name.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 70%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">High</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Low</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2011</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; text-align: left">Fourth quarter</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">1.42</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">0.47</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Third quarter</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">0.91</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">0.57</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Second quarter</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">2.13</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">0.80</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">First quarter</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1.85</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1.04</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2010</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Fourth quarter</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1.40</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">0.70</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Third quarter</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1.19</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">0.77</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Second quarter</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">2.70</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1.03</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">First quarter</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">2.58</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">0.57</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Dividend Policy</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We have never paid any cash dividends on
our common stock to date, and do not anticipate paying such cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Whether we declare and pay
dividends is determined by our Board of Directors at their discretion, subject to certain limitations imposed under Nevada corporate
law. The timing, amount and form of dividends, if any, will depend on, among other things, our results of operations, financial
condition, cash requirements and other factors deemed relevant by our Board of Directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Equity Compensation Plan Information</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">See Item 11 &ndash; Executive compensation for equity compensation
plan information.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In August 2011, we issued 130,000 shares
of our common stock to Chardan Capital Markets, LLC (Chardan) as compensation for the execution and delivery of a Financial Advisory
Agreement that we entered into with Chardan on June 3, 2011. The offer and issuance of the shares of common stock have not been
registered under the Securities Act, and therefore such shares of common stock may not be offered or sold in the U.S. absent registration
or an applicable exemption from registration requirements. For this issuance, we are relying on the exemption from federal registration
under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, based on our belief that the offer and sale of such shares of stock does not involve
a public offering as Chardan is an &ldquo;accredited investor&rdquo; as defined under Section 501 promulgated under the Securities
Act and no general solicitation has been involved in the offering.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On December 7, 2011 a closing was held
for the transaction previously announced on November 21, 2011 between us and Intrexon. We issued 3,123,558 shares of our common
stock at a purchase price equal to the $0.001 par value of such shares, which issuance is also deemed paid in partial consideration
for the execution and delivery of the exclusive channel collaboration agreement, dated November 18, 2011, between us and Intrexon.
The offer and issuance of such shares of common stock have not been registered under the Securities Act, and therefore such shares
of common stock may not be offered or sold in the U.S. absent registration or an applicable exemption from registration requirements.
For this issuance, we are relying on the exemption from federal registration under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act, based on
our belief that the offer and sale of such shares of common stock does not involve a public offering as Intrexon is an &ldquo;accredited
investor&rdquo; as defined under Section 501 promulgated under the Securities Act and no general solicitation has been involved
in the offering.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In March 2012, we issued five year warrants
exercisable at the closing price of our common stock on the date of issue for 100,000 shares of our common stock to Griffin Securities,
Inc. (Griffin) as compensation for the execution and delivery of a Financial Advisory Agreement that we entered into with Griffin
on December 20, 2011. The offer and issuance of the shares of common stock have not been registered under the Securities Act, and
therefore such shares of common stock may not be offered or sold in the U.S. absent registration or an applicable exemption from
registration requirements. For this issuance, we are relying on the exemption from federal registration under Section 4(2) of the
Securities Act, based on our belief that the offer and sale of such shares of stock does not involve a public offering as Griffin
is an &ldquo;accredited investor&rdquo; as defined under Section 501 promulgated under the Securities Act and no general solicitation
has been involved in the offering.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Item 6.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Selected
Financial Data</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Not applicable because we are a smaller reporting company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Item 7.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Management&rsquo;s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>The following discussion of our financial condition and results
of operations should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December
31, 2011 found in this report. In addition to historical information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements
that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Where possible, we have tried to identify these forward looking statements by
using words such as &ldquo;anticipate,&rdquo; &ldquo;believe,&rdquo; &ldquo;intends,&rdquo; or similar expressions. Our actual
results could differ materially from those anticipated by the forward-looking statements due to important factors and risks including,
but not limited to, those set forth under &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; in Part I, Item 1A of this Report.</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Overview</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We are a biotechnology company focused
on the development of synthetic DNA-based therapeutics and innovative disease-modifying medicines for serious illnesses. Our initial
synthetic biologic product candidate is intended to treat PAH, a serious life-threatening lung disease, by locally delivering therapeutic
DNA to the lungs of PAH patients and controlling long-term expression of such DNA via an oral daily pill. We also intend to expand
new and existing collaborations in the area of DNA-based therapeutics. In addition, we have several small molecule clinical-stage
programs, the majority of which are being funded, or partially funded, by grants, charitable organizations and corporate partners.
In this area we are developing, or have partnered the development of, product candidates to treat relapsing-remitting MS, cognitive
dysfunction in MS, fibromyalgia and ALS.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 27pt"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 27pt"><I>Synthetic Biologics:</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding-right: 0.8pt; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; font: 10pt Symbol; padding-right: 1.6pt">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 86%">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 1.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our initial synthetic
        biologic         product candidate is intended to treat PAH, a serious life-threatening lung disease. This product is
        designed to deliver DNA that encodes a therapeutic protein called PGIS locally to the pulmonary arteries of PAH
        patients via a single procedure, and, via an oral         daily pill, control the long-term local expression of such
        therapeutic protein. We are developing this initial product candidate         pursuant a global exclusive channel
        collaboration that we entered into with the private synthetic biology company Intrexon in November         2011. As part of
        this collaboration, we have access to Intrexon's UltraVector<SUP>&reg;</SUP> platform and RheoSwitch Therapeutic
        System<SUP>&reg;</SUP> for this product application. We anticipate that by continuously producing and delivering prostacyclin
        directly         where it is needed, in the pulmonary arteries of PAH patients, this product candidate may overcome the dose
        limiting side effects         of systemic prostacyclin treatments for PAH, a mainstay of PAH treatment. According to
        GlobalData, the global market for PAH treatments         is estimated to exceed $3.6 billion by 2015.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 1.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 1.6pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">(UltraVector<SUP>&reg;</SUP>
        and RheoSwitch Therapeutic System<SUP>&reg;</SUP> are registered trademarks of Intrexon Corporation)</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 27pt"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 27pt"><I>Funded/Small Molecule Clinical Programs:</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 27pt"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding-right: 0.8pt; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; font: 10pt Symbol; padding-right: 0.8pt">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 86%; padding-right: 0.8pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Trimesta<SUP>TM</SUP> (oral estriol) is being developed as an oral once-daily treatment for relapsing-remitting MS in women. Patient enrollment of 164 patients is complete in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase II clinical trial being conducted at 15 centers in the U.S. Patients are being dosed and monitored for two years. This clinical trial is supported by grants exceeding $8 million, which should be sufficient to fund the trial through completion. Current sales of injectable disease-modifying therapies for MS are estimated at $8.9 billion annually.&nbsp;According to various reports, sales of oral disease-modifying therapies for MS, of which Trimesta&trade;, if and when approved, would be in such class, are anticipated to grow from $500 million in 2010 to $5 billion annually by 2017.</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding-right: 0.8pt; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; font: 10pt Symbol; padding-right: 0.8pt">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 86%">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Trimesta<SUP>TM</SUP> (oral estriol)
        is also being developed for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction in female MS patients. In January 2012, patient enrollment began
        in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase II clinical trial being conducted at University of California, Los Angeles
        (UCLA). The majority of the costs of this trial are being funded by grants from foundations and charitable organizations and we
        have pledged approximately $500,000 to UCLA to partially fund this trial payable over three years. An estimated 50-65% of MS patients
        are expected to develop disabilities due to cognitive dysfunction and there is currently no approved treatment.</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Symbol; padding-right: 0.8pt">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Effirma<SUP>TM</SUP> (flupirtine) is being developed for the treatment of fibromyalgia. On May 6, 2010, we entered into a sublicense agreement with Meda AB, a multi-billion dollar international pharmaceutical company, covering all of our patents&rsquo; rights on the use of flupirtine for fibromyalgia in the U.S., Canada and Japan. According to Meda&rsquo;s 2010 Annual Report, flupirtine for fibromyalgia is currently in Phase II development. The sublicense agreement provides that all ongoing and future development costs are to borne by Meda and we are entitled to receive certain payments if milestones are achieved and royalties on sales. Based on an estimated annual price of $1,200 per fibromyalgia patient, we estimate that the total market potential in the U.S. is $6 billion.</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; padding-right: 0.8pt; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; font: 10pt Symbol; padding-right: 0.8pt"></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 86%; padding-right: 0.8pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Symbol; padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Symbol; padding-right: 0.8pt">&middot;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">AEN-100 (gastroretentive zinc acetate) is being developed under an investigator-initiated IND application
for the treatment of ALS, also known as Lou Gehrig&rsquo;s disease. We intend to sponsor a multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled,
adaptively designed Phase II/III clinical trial in ALS patients. It is anticipated that the clinical trial will comprise two phases.
The first phase of the trial is anticipated to enroll at least 65 patients randomized to receive either AEN-100 or placebo for
a period of six months at which time the average change in functional rating between the groups will be compared via an interim
analysis conducted on a blinded basis. Should the interim analysis meet the threshold criteria in favor of the treatment group,
the second phase of the study will be initiated and will seek to enroll approximately 50 additional subjects to receive treatment
for nine months. This study is intended to be conducted by PNA which previously sponsored and completed a successful pilot Phase
I/II study of oral zinc therapy for ALS.&nbsp;Separately, PNA intends to conduct a Phase I study of AEN-100 in normal volunteers
prior to initiating the Phase II/III clinical trial in ALS patients. We have committed to support approximately $400,000 to PNA
for the first phase of the Phase II/III clinical trial study, payable based upon study enrollment and milestones. There is only
one approved therapy for ALS, the efficacy of which is considered to be marginal. Based on an estimated annual price of $10,000
per ALS patient, we estimate that the total market potential in the U.S. is $300 million.</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On November 18, 2011, we entered into
a Channel Agreement with Intrexon that governs an &ldquo;exclusive channel collaboration&rdquo; arrangement in which we
intend to use Intrexon&rsquo;s technology directed towards the production of PGIS, through the use of <I>in vivo</I>
conditionally regulated embedded controllable bioreactors for the treatment of PAH. The Channel Agreement establishes
committees comprised of our and Intrexon representatives that will govern activities related to the PAH program in the areas
of project establishment, chemistry, manufacturing and controls, clinical and regulatory matters, commercialization efforts
and intellectual property.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As partial consideration for execution
of the Channel Agreement, we entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement with Intrexon pursuant to which we issued to Intrexon a number
of shares of our common stock equal to 9.995% of the number of shares of our common stock issued and outstanding following and
giving effect to such issuance (the &ldquo;First Tranche&rdquo;) at a purchase price equal to the $0.001 par value of such shares,
which issuance was deemed paid in partial consideration for the execution and delivery of the Channel Agreement. We also agreed
to issue additional shares of our common stock to Intrexon upon dosing of the first patient in a Phase II clinical trial sponsored
by us in the U.S., or similar study as the parties may agree in a country other than the U.S.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On December 21, 2011, we announced
that the Board of Directors had taken several actions to prioritize our focus on our entry into the emerging field of synthetic
biology. In connection with the change in business focus on March 8, 2012, we entered into a Membership Interest Purchase Agreement,
and certain related agreements, pursuant to which we sold all of our interest in the Lab to Hartlab, LLC, an entity controlled
by the Lab&rsquo;s former owner, in consideration for (i) the immediate assignment of the Lab&rsquo;s outstanding accounts receivable
up through the date of closing, plus (ii) Seven Hundred Thousand Dollars ($700,000) payable pursuant to the terms of a two-year
non-recourse promissory note secured by all of the assets of the Lab. We also announced that we intend to seek marketing partners
for our zinc-based products <I>reaZin</I>&trade; and <I>wellZin</I>&trade;.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On February 15, 2012, upon stockholder
approval, we amended our Articles of Incorporation to change our name to Synthetic Biologics, Inc. Our common stock continues trade
on the NYSE Amex stock exchange, currently under the symbol &ldquo;SYN&rdquo;. Prior to this time and since October 16, 2008, our
name was Adeona Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and we traded on the NYSE Amex stock exchange under the symbol &ldquo;AEN&rdquo;. We are
incorporated in the State of Nevada. We continue to maintain our principal executive offices in Ann Arbor, MI, and are currently
located at 3985 Research Park Drive, Suite 200, Ann Arbor, MI 48108.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Effective as of June 30, 2010, we emerged
from a &ldquo;Development-Stage Entity&rdquo; as defined by Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification
(FASB ASC) 915-10. On May 6, 2010, we entered into a sublicense agreement with Meda&nbsp;AB of Sweden. This agreement provides
that Meda AB will assume all future development costs for the commercialization of oral flupirtine for fibromyalgia. As consideration
for such sublicense, we received an up-front payment of $2.5 million and are entitled to milestone payments of $5 million upon
filing of an NDA with the FDA of oral flupirtine for fibromyalgia and $10 million upon marketing approval, plus royalties. We
consider the agreement with Meda AB to be an indication that we have commenced our principal operations and therefore are not
required to report as a development-stage entity.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Since our inception in January 2001, our
efforts and resources have been focused primarily on acquiring and developing our product candidates, our clinical trials, raising
capital and recruiting personnel. As of June 30, 2010, we emerged from the development stage after entering into a sublicense agreement
with Meda AB and receiving an up-front payment of $2.5 million.&nbsp;&nbsp;We consider this sublicense agreement to be an indication
that we have commenced our principal operations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">To date, we have financed our operations
primarily through public and private sales of our common stock, and we expect to continue to seek to obtain the required capital
in a similar manner. We have incurred an accumulated deficit of $51.9 million through December 31, 2011. We cannot provide any
assurance that we will be able to achieve profitability on a sustained basis, if at all, obtain the required funding, obtain the
required regulatory approvals, or complete additional corporate partnering or acquisition transactions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Critical Accounting Policies</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The preparation of our consolidated financial
statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP)&nbsp;requires management to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, net revenues and expenses, and related disclosures. We believe
our estimates and assumptions are reasonable; however, actual results and the timing of the recognition of such amounts could differ
from these estimates.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">There are accounting policies that we believe
are significant to the presentation of our consolidated financial statements. The most significant accounting policies relate to
stock-based compensation, revenue recognition and accounts receivable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Stock-Based Compensation</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Calculating stock-based
compensation expense requires the input of highly subjective assumptions. We apply the Black-Scholes option pricing model to
determine the fair value of our stock options. Inherent in this model are assumptions related to expected stock-price
volatility, option life, risk-free interest rate and dividend yield. We estimate the volatility of our common stock at the
date of grant based on historical volatility. We estimate the expected life of our option using the contractual term of the
option.&nbsp;The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury zero-coupon yield curve on the grant date for a
maturity similar to the expected life of the options. The dividend rate is based on our historical rate, which we anticipate
to remain at zero. The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of stock options represent our best estimates, however
these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management judgment. As a result, if factors change and
different assumptions are used, the stock-based compensation expense could be materially different in the future. In
addition, we are required to estimate the expected forfeiture rate and only recognize expense for those stock options
expected to vest over the service period.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Revenue Recognition</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We record revenue when all of the following
have occurred: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (2) the service is completed without further obligation, (3) the
sales price to the customer is fixed or determinable, and (4) collectability is reasonably assured.&nbsp;&nbsp;We recognize milestone
payments or upfront payments that have no contingencies as revenue when payment is received.&nbsp;&nbsp;Our primary streams of
revenue are license revenue and laboratory revenue.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>License Revenues</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our licensing agreements may contain multiple
elements, such as non-refundable up-front fees, payments related to the achievement of particular milestones and royalties. Fees
associated with substantive at risk performance-based milestones are recognized as revenue upon completion of the scientific or
regulatory event specified in the agreement. When we have substantive continuing performance obligations under an arrangement,
revenue is recognized over the performance period of the obligations using a time-based proportional performance approach. Under
the time-based method, revenue is recognized over the arrangement&rsquo;s estimated performance period based on the elapsed time
compared to the total estimated performance period. Revenue recognized at any point in time is limited to the amount of non-contingent
payments received or due. When we have no substantive continuing performance obligations under an arrangement, we recognize revenue
as the related fees become due.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Revenues from royalties on third-party
sales of licensed technologies are generally recognized in accordance with the contract terms when the royalties can be reliably
determined and collectability is reasonably assured.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Laboratory Revenues</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We primarily recognize revenue for services
rendered upon completion of the testing process. Billing for services reimbursed by third-party payers, including Medicare and
Medicaid, are recorded as revenues, net of allowances for differences between amounts billed and the estimated receipts from such
payers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We maintain a sales allowance to compensate
for the difference in our clinical laboratory&rsquo;s billing practices and insurance company reimbursements. In determining this
allowance, we look at several factors, the most significant of which is the average difference between the amount charged and
the amount reimbursed by insurance carriers over the prior 18 months, otherwise known as the yearly average adjustment amount.
The allowance taken is the averaged yearly average adjustment amount for these prior periods and multiplied by the period&rsquo;s
actual gross sales to determine the actual sales allowance for each period.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Accounts Receivable and Allowance
for Doubtful Accounts</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Accounts receivable are reported at realizable
value, net of allowances for doubtful accounts, which is estimated and recorded in the period the related revenue is recorded.
We estimate and review the collectability of our receivables based on a number of factors, including the period they have been
outstanding. Historical collection and payer reimbursement experience is an integral part of the estimation process related to
allowances for doubtful accounts. In addition, we regularly assess the state of our billing operations in order to identify issues,
which may impact the collectability of these receivables or reserve estimates. Revisions to the allowances for doubtful accounts
estimates are recorded as an adjustment to bad debt expense within general and administrative expenses. Receivables deemed uncollectible
are charged against the allowance for doubtful accounts at the time such receivables are written-off. Recoveries of receivables
previously written-off are recorded as credits to the allowance for doubtful accounts.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Results of Operations</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Year Ended December 31, 2011 and
2010</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Revenues, net</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Total net revenues for the year ended
December 31, 2010 were $2.6 million.&nbsp;&nbsp;Total net revenues consisted of $2.1 million from
the oral&nbsp;&nbsp;flupirtine sublicense fee with Meda AB, which is net of the $375,000 payment to McLean Hospital and
$489,000 of grant revenues from the Qualifying Therapeutic Discovery Project (QTDP) Program to support our
clinical programs.&nbsp;&nbsp;There were no net revenues reported for the year ended December 31, 2011; net laboratory
revenues for this year are included in discontinued operations. See Note 3 - Discontinued Operations of Adeona Clinical Laboratory.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>General and Administrative Expenses</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">General and administrative expenses
increased to $2.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2011 from $2.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2010. This
increase of 22% is primarily the result of increased salary expense, consultant fees and stock-based compensation expense.
General and administrative expenses also include a non-cash charge relating to stock-based compensation expense of $919,000
for the year ended December 31, 2011, compared to $310,000 for the year ended December 31, 2010. The stock-based compensation
expense for year ended December 31, 2011 includes a one-time charge of $398,000 relating to the modification of certain stock
options, prior to expiration,&nbsp;held by a member of the Board of Directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Research and Development Expenses</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Research and development
expenses increased to $3.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2011, from $1.6 million for the year ended December 31,
2010. The increase of 111% is primarily the result of recording the fair value ($1.7 million) of the common stock issued to
Intrexon as consideration for the Exclusive Channel Collaboration Agreement. This is a non-cash charge. Research and
development expenses also include a non-cash charge relating to stock-based compensation expense of $54,000 for the year
ended December 31, 2011, compared to $90,000 for the year ended December 31, 2010.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Other Expense, net</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Total net other expense was
$1.7 million compared to $112,000 for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Total net other expense for
the year ended December 31, 2011, included $1.7 million relating to the estimated fair value of the warrants associated with
the January 2011 and April 2011 financings, adjusted for the change in their fair value for the year ended December 31,
2011. Other income for the year ended December 31, 2011 included $63,000 relating to the settlement of accounts payable
previously accrued in prior periods offset by other expenses of $41,000 and $14,000 of interest income from our short-term
investments. Total net other expense for the year ended December 31, 2010, included an impairment loss of $121,000.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Net Loss</I> <I>from Continuing Operations</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our net loss from
continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2011, was $7.6 million, or $0.27 per common share, compared to
$1.2 million, or $0.06 per common share for the year ended December 31, 2010.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Net Loss from Discontinued Operations</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our net loss from
discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2011, was $523,000, or $0.02 per common share compared to a $516,000,
or $0.02 per common share for the year ended December 31, 2010. On March 8, 2012, we entered into a Membership Interest
Purchase Agreement, and certain related agreements, pursuant to which we sold all of our interest in Adeona Clinical
Laboratory, LLC (the &ldquo;Lab&rdquo;) to Hartlab, LLC. This resulted in the classification of the Lab as discontinued
operations. See Note 3 &ndash; Discontinued Operations of Adeona Clinical Laboratory for summarized statement of operations
data for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Liquidity and Capital Resources</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We have financed our operations since inception
primarily through proceeds from equity financings and various private financings, primarily involving private sales of our common
stock and other equity securities, corporate partnering license fees and from the&nbsp;proceeds from the sale of our common stock
under our registration statement on Form S-3, laboratory revenues, miscellaneous equipment sales.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On January 28, 2011, we entered into a
Securities Purchase Agreement with institutional investors, relating to the offering and sale of 2,857,144 shares of common stock,
par value $0.001 per share, and warrants to purchase 1,428,572 shares of common stock. We raised gross proceeds of $4 million,
before estimated offering expenses of approximately $296,000, which includes placement agent fees.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On April 6, 2011, we entered into a Securities
Purchase Agreement with an institutional investor, relating to the offering and sale of 1,688,782 shares of common stock, par value
$0.001 per share and&nbsp;a warrant&nbsp;to purchase 844,391 shares of common stock. We raised gross proceeds of $3.5 million,
before estimated offering expenses of approximately $243,000, which includes placement agent fees.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Both of these offerings were made pursuant
to our shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-166750), which was declared effective by the SEC on June 14, 2010.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our cash totaled $6.7 million
at December 31, 2011, an increase of $4 million from December 31, 2010. During the year ended December 31, 2011, the
primary sources of cash were net proceeds from the issuances of common stock to institutional investors&nbsp;of $7 million
and stock option and warrant exercises of $15,000.&nbsp;The primary use of cash during the year ended December 31, 2011 was
for working capital requirements.&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our cash totaled $2.6 million at
December 31, 2010 the primary sources of cash were $2.1 million from the sublicense fee relating to the Meda Agreement and
proceeds from the issuance of common stock to&nbsp;a single investor&nbsp;of $885,000 (net of offering costs of $115,000) and
stock option exercises of $129,000.&nbsp;The primary uses of cash for the year ended December 31, 2010, included working
capital requirements and $12,000 in capital equipment additions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">During the period from January 1, 2012
through March 26, 2012, 1,120,121 warrants were exercised for gross proceeds of $1.4 million.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As of March 26, 2012, our cash
balance was approximately $6.9 million.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our continued operations will primarily
depend&nbsp;on whether we are able to generate revenues and profits through partnerships, joint ventures and/or raise additional
funds through various potential sources, such as license fees from a potential corporate partner, equity and debt financing. Such
additional funds may not become available on acceptable terms and there can be no assurance that any additional funding that we
do obtain will be sufficient to meet our needs in the long term. We will continue to fund operations from cash on hand and through
the similar sources of capital previously described. We can give no assurances that any additional capital that we are able to
obtain will be sufficient to meet our needs.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Current and Future Financing Needs</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We have incurred an accumulated deficit
of  $51.9 million through December 31, 2011. With the exception of the quarter ended June 30, 2010, we have incurred
negative cash flow from operations since we started our business. We have spent, and expect to continue to spend, substantial amounts
in connection with implementing our business strategy, including our planned product development efforts, our clinical trials,
and our research and discovery efforts.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Based on our current plans, we believe
that our cash will be sufficient to enable us to meet our planned operating needs for at least the next 12 months.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">However, the actual amount of funds we
will need to operate is subject to many factors, some of which are beyond our control. These factors include the following:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the progress of our research activities;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the number and scope of our research programs;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the progress of our preclinical and clinical development activities;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the progress of the development efforts of parties with whom we have entered into research and development agreements;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our ability to maintain current research and development&nbsp;licensing arrangements&nbsp;and to establish new research and
development and&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;licensing &nbsp;&nbsp;arrangements;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>our ability to achieve our milestones under licensing arrangements;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the costs involved in prosecuting and enforcing patent claims and other intellectual property rights;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>the costs and timing of regulatory approvals; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>profitability of our clinical laboratory diagnostic and microbiology services business.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We have based our estimate on assumptions
that may prove to be wrong. We may need to obtain additional funds sooner or in greater amounts than we currently anticipate. Potential
sources of financing include strategic relationships, public or private sales of our shares or debt and other sources. We may seek
to access the public or private equity markets when conditions are favorable due to our long-term capital requirements. We do not
have any committed sources of financing at this time, and it is uncertain whether additional funding will be available when we
need it on terms that will be acceptable to us, or at all. If we raise funds by selling additional shares of common stock or other
securities convertible into common stock, the ownership interest of our existing stockholders will be diluted. If we are not able
to obtain financing when needed, we may be unable to carry out our business plan. As a result, we may have to significantly limit
our operations and our business, financial condition and results of operations would be materially harmed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>License and Contractual Agreement Obligations</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Below is a table of our contractual obligations
for the years 2012 through 2016 as of December 31, 2011 <I>(in thousands)</I>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 80%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="18" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year&nbsp;ended&nbsp;December&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2012</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2013</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2014</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2015</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2016</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Total</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 28%; text-align: left">License Agreements</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">37</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">5</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">5</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">5</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">5</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">57</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Lease Agreements</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">22</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">22</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">59</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">5</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">5</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">5</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">5</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">79</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Additional In-Licensed Programs</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">We may enter into additional license agreements relating to
new product candidates.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Item 7A.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Quantitative
and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Not applicable because we are a smaller reporting company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Item 8.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Financial
Statements and Supplemental Data</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 90%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Page</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">38</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>Consolidated Balance Sheets</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">39</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>Consolidated Statements of Operations</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">40</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders&rsquo; Equity</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">41</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">42</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD>Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right">43</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"><IMG SRC="bermanlogo.jpg" ALT=""><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC
ACCOUNTING FIRM</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">To the Board of Directors and Stockholders
of:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Synthetic Biologics, Inc.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><BR>
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Synthetic Biologics, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2011
and 2010 and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders&rsquo; equity and cash flows for the years ended December
31, 2011 and 2010. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company&rsquo;s management. Our responsibility
is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We conducted our audits in accordance with
the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).&nbsp; Those standards require that we plan and
perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.&nbsp;
The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting.&nbsp;
Our audits included the consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that
are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company&rsquo;s
internal control over financial reporting.&nbsp; Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit includes examining, on a test
basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.&nbsp; An audit also includes assessing the
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement
presentation.&nbsp; We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In our opinion, the consolidated financial
statements referred to above present fairly in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Synthetic Biologics,
Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders&rsquo;
equity and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted
in the United States of America.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">Berman &amp; Company, P.A.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;<IMG SRC="image_002.gif" ALT=""></TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Boca Raton, Florida</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>May 11, 2012</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 0pt"><IMG SRC="pg38.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Synthetic Biologics, Inc. and Subsidiaries</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>(formerly Adeona Pharmaceuticals,
Inc.)&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Consolidated Balance Sheets</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>(In thousands except share
amounts)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">December&nbsp;31,&nbsp;2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">December&nbsp;31,&nbsp;2010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline; text-align: center">Assets</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none; text-align: left"><B>Current Assets:</B></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Cash </TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">6,678</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">2,649</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Accounts receivable &ndash; net</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">405</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">339</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-left: 9pt">Other</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">16</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">343</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 9pt">Assets of discontinued operations&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">23</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">214</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in">Total Current Assets</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">7,122</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">3,545</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Property and equipment, net</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">323</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">475</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Deposits and other assets</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">31</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">91</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><B>Total Assets</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><B>7,476</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><B>4,111</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline; text-align: center">Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Current Liabilities:</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Accounts payable</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">388</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">266</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Accrued liabilities</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">29</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">210</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 9pt">Liabilities of discontinued operations</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">24</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in">Total Current Liabilities</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">417</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">500</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Long Term Liabilities:</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 9pt">Accounts payable</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">32</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Total Liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">417</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">532</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Stockholders' Equity:</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.1in; padding-left: 0.35in">Preferred stock,&nbsp;&nbsp;$0.001 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.1in; padding-left: 0.35in">Common stock,&nbsp;&nbsp;$0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized, 31,374,002 issued and 31,292,520 outstanding and 23,420,189&nbsp;issued and 23,338,707&nbsp;outstanding</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">31</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">23</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 0.25in">Additional paid-in capital</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">58,901</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">47,280</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Accumulated deficit</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(51,873</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(43,724</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total Stockholders' Equity</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">7,059</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">3,579</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><B>Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><B>7,476</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><B>4,111</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD></TR>
</TABLE>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">See accompanying notes to consolidated financial
statements</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Synthetic Biologics, Inc. and Subsidiaries</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>(formerly Adeona Pharmaceuticals,
Inc.)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Consolidated Statements of Operations</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>(In thousands, except share and per share
amounts)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">For&nbsp;the&nbsp;years&nbsp;ended&nbsp;December&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">Revenues:</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">License revenue, net</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">2,125</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 9pt">Grant revenue</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">489</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total Revenues</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2,614</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Operating Costs and Expenses:</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">General and administrative</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">2,588</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">2,117</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 9pt">Research and development</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">3,340</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">1,580</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total Operating Costs and Expenses</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">5,928</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">3,697</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Loss from Continuing Operations</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(5,928</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(1,083</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Other Income (Expense):</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Warrant expense</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(1,492</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Change in fair value of warrant liability</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(242</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Impairment loss on equipment</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(121</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Interest income</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">14</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 9pt">Other income (expense)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">22</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">9</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 0.25in">Total Other Expense, net</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(1,698</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(112</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Net Loss from Continuing Operations</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(7,626</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(1,195</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Net Loss from Discontinued Operations</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(523</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(516</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><B>Net Loss</B></TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><B>(8,149</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><B>)</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><B>(1,711</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><B>)</B></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Net Loss Per Share &ndash; Basic and Dilutive:</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Continuing Operations</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(0.27</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(0.06</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 9pt">Discontinued Operations</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(0.02</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(0.02</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Net Loss Per Share</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(0.29</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(0.08</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 0.12in; text-indent: -0.12in">Weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year &ndash; Basic and Dilutive</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">27,710,428</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">22,393,568</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">See accompanying notes to consolidated financial
statements</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Synthetic Biologics, Inc. and Subsidiaries</B><B></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>(formerly Adeona Pharmaceuticals,
Inc.)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Consolidated Statements of Changes in
Stockholders' Equity</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>(In thousands, except share amounts)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 7pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="text-align: center"><B>Common&nbsp;Stock&nbsp;$0.001&nbsp;Par</B></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Total</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><B>Value</B></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Additional&nbsp;Paid-</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Accumulated</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Subscription</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Stockholders&rsquo;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Shares</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Amount</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">in&nbsp;Capital</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Deficit</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Receivable</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Equity</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%; font-weight: bold">Balance, December 31, 2009</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 7%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">21,449,352</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 7%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">22</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 7%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">45,553</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 7%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(42,013</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 7%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(17</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 7%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">3,545</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Stock-based compensation</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">400</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">400</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Issuance of common stock for employee compensation</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">60,521</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">47</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">47</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Issuance of common stock for license fees</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">81,035</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">70</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">70</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Issuance of common stock for consulting fees</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">279,724</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">213</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">213</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Issuance of common stock for options exercised</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">255,954</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">113</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">17</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">130</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs of $115</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,212,121</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">884</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">885</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Net loss for the year ended December 31, 2010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(1,711</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(1,711</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">Balance, December 31, 2010</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">23,338,707</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">23</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">47,280</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(43,724</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">3,579</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Stock-based compensation</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">973</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">973</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Issuance of common stock for employee compensation</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">73,585</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">94</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">94</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Issuance of common stock for exclusive channel collaboration agreement</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">3,123,558</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,684</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,687</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Issuance of common stock for consulting fees</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">171,796</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">165</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">165</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Issuance of common stock for options and warrants exercised</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">38,948</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">15</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">15</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs of $539</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">4,545,926</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">6,956</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">6,961</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Warrant liability reclassified to stockholders&rsquo; equity</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,734</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,734</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Net loss for the year ended December 31, 2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(8,149</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(8,149</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance, December 31, 2011</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">31,292,520</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">31</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">58,901</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(51,873</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><B>7,059</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">See accompanying notes to consolidated financial
statements</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left"></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Synthetic Biologics, Inc. and Subsidiaries</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>(formerly Adeona Pharmaceuticals,
Inc.)</B>&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>(In thousands)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD NOWRAP>&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">For the years ended December 31,</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Cash Flows From Operating Activities:</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; text-align: left">Loss from continuing operations</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">(7,626</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">(1,195</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Loss from discontinued operations</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(523</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(516</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash&nbsp;used in operating activities:</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>Stock-based compensation</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">973</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">400</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>Stock issued as employee compensation&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">94</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;47</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>Stock issued for license fee&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;70</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>Stock issued for exclusive channel collaboration agreement&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,684</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Stock issued for consulting fees</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">165</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">214</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Warrant expense</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,492</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Change in fair value of warrant liability</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">242</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>Depreciation</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">144</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">346</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Provision for uncollectible accounts receivable</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">414</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">130</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Amortization of premium on investments</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">57</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Loss on sale of short-term investment</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">20</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">(Gain) loss on sale of equipment</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">6</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Impairment loss on equipment</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">121</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Gain on the settlement of accounts payable</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(63</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Changes in operating assets and liabilities:</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Accounts receivable</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(480</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(438</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Other current assets</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">327</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(335</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Deposits and other assets</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">60</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Assets of discontinued operations</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">191</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">13</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Accounts payable</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">153</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(196</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Accrued liabilities</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(181</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">202</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Liabilities of discontinued operations</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(24</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(5</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Net Cash Used In Operating Activities</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(2,875</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(1,145</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Cash Flows From Investing Activities:</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>Purchase of short-term investments</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(4,370</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD> Proceeds from short-term investments</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">4,293</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Purchases of property and equipment</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(12</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Proceeds from the sale of equipment</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">77</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Investing Activities</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(75</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">65</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Cash Flows From Financing Activities:</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Proceeds from issuance of common stock for stock option and warrant exercises</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">15</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">129</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Proceeds from issuance of common stock for exclusive channel collaboration agreement</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Proceeds from the issuance of common stock</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">7,500</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Cash paid as direct offering costs</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(539</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(115</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Net Cash Provided By Financing Activities</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">6,979</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">1,014</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Net increase (decrease) in cash</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">4,029</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(66</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Cash at beginning of year</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2,649</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2,715</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Cash at end of year</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><B>$</B></TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><B>6,678</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">2,649</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline; text-align: left">Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Cash paid for interest</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">10</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Cash paid for taxes</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline; text-align: left">Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Exchange of equipment</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">64</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Reclassification of warrant liability to additional paid-in capital</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">1,734</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">See accompanying notes to consolidated financial
statements</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Synthetic Biologics, Inc. and Subsidiaries</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>(formerly Adeona Pharmaceuticals,
Inc.)</B>&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>December 31, 2011 and 2010</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><B>1.</B></TD><TD><B>Organization and Nature of Operations and Basis of Presentation</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Description of Business</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Synthetic Biologics, Inc. (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;
or &ldquo;Synthetic Biologics&rdquo;), formerly Adeona Pharmaceuticals, Inc., is a biotechnology company focused on the development
of synthetic DNA-based therapeutics and innovative disease-modifying medicines for serious illnesses. In the area of synthetic
biology, the Company is initially developing a product candidate to treat PAH. The Company also
intends to expand new and existing collaborations in the synthetic biology area. In addition, Synthetic Biologics has several clinical-stage
programs that are being funded, or partially funded, by grants, charitable organizations and corporate partners. In this area we
are developing, or have partnered the development of, product candidates to treat relapsing-remitting MS,
cognitive dysfunction in MS, fibromyalgia and ALS.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 25%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Medical Indication</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 25%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Product Candidate</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 46%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Status</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">PAH</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">Synthetic DNA-based therapy</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">Preclinical</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">Relapsing-remitting MS</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Trimesta</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(estriol)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">All patients enrolled in Phase II clinical trial; <BR>
dosing and monitoring underway</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">Cognitive dysfunction in <BR>
MS</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Trimesta</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(estriol)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">Patient enrollment underway in Phase II <BR>
clinical trial</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">Fibromyalgia</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">Effirma</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">Partnered with Meda AB</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">(oral flupirtine)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">ALS</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">AEN-100</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">Clinical trial preparation underway</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">(gastroretentive zinc acetate)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On December 21, 2011, Synthetic Biologics
announced that the Board of Directors had taken several actions to prioritize its focus on our entry into the emerging field of
synthetic biology. The Company also announced that it intends to seek marketing partners for its zinc-based products <I>reaZin</I>&trade;
and <I>wellZin</I>&trade;.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Basis of Presentation and Corporate
Structure</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As of December 31, 2011, the Company had
eight active subsidiaries, Pipex Therapeutics, Inc. (&ldquo;Pipex Therapeutics&rdquo;), Adeona Clinical Laboratory (formerly Hart
Lab, LLC), Effective Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (&ldquo;EPI&rdquo;), Solovax, Inc. (&ldquo;Solovax&rdquo;), CD4 Biosciences, Inc. (&ldquo;CD4&rdquo;),
Epitope Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (&ldquo;Epitope&rdquo;), Healthmine, Inc. (&ldquo;Healthmine&rdquo;) and Putney Drug Corp. (&ldquo;Putney&rdquo;).
As of December 31, 2011, EPI, Adeona Clinical Laboratory, Healthmine and Putney are wholly owned and Pipex Therapeutics, Solovax,
CD4 and Epitope are majority-owned.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For financial reporting purposes, the outstanding
common stock of the Company is that of Synthetic Biologics, Inc. All statements of operations, stockholders&rsquo; equity and cash
flows for each of the entities are presented as consolidated. All subsidiaries were formed under the laws of the State of Delaware
on January 8, 2001, except for EPI, which was incorporated in Delaware on December 12, 2000, Epitope which was incorporated in
Delaware in January of 2002, Putney which was incorporated in Delaware in November of 2006, Healthmine which was formed in Delaware
in December of 2007 and Adeona Clinical Laboratory which was incorporated in Illinois as a limited liability company on August
8, 2005.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On March 8, 2012, the Company sold
all of its interest in Adeona Clinical Laboratory, LLC (the &ldquo;Lab&rdquo;) to Hartlab, LLC, an entity controlled by the
Lab&rsquo;s former owner, in consideration for (i) the immediate assignment of the Lab&rsquo;s outstanding accounts
receivable up through the date of closing, plus (ii) $700,000 payable pursuant to the terms
of a two-year non-recourse promissory note secured by all the assets of the Lab. Accordingly, this business has been
presented in the consolidated financial statements as discontinued operations. This transaction is described in more detail
in Note 3 &ndash; Discontinued Operations of Adeona Clinical Laboratory.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><B>2.</B></TD><TD><B>Summary of Significant Accounting Policies</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Principles of Consolidation</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">All inter-company transactions and accounts
have been eliminated in consolidation.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Emerging from the Development Stage</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">During the second quarter of 2010, the
Company emerged from the development stage.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;A development-stage enterprise is one in which planned principle operations
have not commenced or if its operations have commenced, there has been no significant revenue.&nbsp;&nbsp; The Company&rsquo;s
strategy is to license product candidates that have demonstrated a certain level of clinical efficacy and develop them to a stage
that results in a significant commercial collaboration.&nbsp;&nbsp;On May 6, 2010, the Company entered into a Sublicense Agreement
(the &ldquo;Meda Agreement&rdquo;) with Meda&nbsp;AB of Sweden (&ldquo;Meda&rdquo;) and received an up-front payment of $2.5 million.
The execution of the Meda Agreement combined with revenues from Adeona Clinical Laboratory were an indication of the commencement
of principal operations, and therefore development-stage reporting was no longer required.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Use of Estimates</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The preparation of consolidated financial
statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S.A. requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Such
estimates and assumptions impact, among others, the following: the amount allocated to goodwill, the estimated useful lives for
property and equipment, fair value of warrants and stock options granted for services or compensation, respectively, estimates
of the probability and potential magnitude of contingent liabilities, and the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets due to
continuing and expected future operating losses.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Making estimates requires management to
exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or
set of circumstances that existed at the date of the consolidated financial statements, which management considered in formulating
its estimate could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, actual results could differ
from those estimates.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Accounts Receivable and Allowance
for Doubtful Accounts</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Accounts receivable were reported at
realizable value, net of allowances for doubtful accounts, which were estimated and recorded in the period the related
revenue was recorded. The Company estimated and reviewed the collectability of its receivables based on a number of factors,
including the period they  were outstanding. Historical collection and payer reimbursement experience was an integral part of
the estimation process related to allowances for doubtful accounts associated with Adeona Clinical Laboratory. In addition,
the Company regularly assessed the state of its billing operations in order to identify issues, which  impacted the
collectability of these receivables or reserve estimates. Revisions to the allowances for doubtful accounts estimates were
recorded as an adjustment to bad debt expense. Receivables deemed uncollectible were charged against the allowance for
doubtful accounts. Recoveries of receivables previously written-off are recorded as credits to the allowance for doubtful
accounts. </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Revenue Recognition</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company records revenue when all of
the following have occurred: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (2) the service is completed without further obligation,
(3) the sales price to the customer is fixed or determinable, and (4) collectability is reasonably assured.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Company
recognizes milestone payments or upfront payments that have no contingencies as revenue when payment is received.&nbsp;&nbsp;For
the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company&rsquo;s only stream of revenue was laboratory revenue. During the year ended December
31, 2010, the Company&rsquo;s streams of revenue were license revenue, laboratory revenue and grant revenue.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Laboratory
revenues are a component of discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010. See Note 3 &ndash; Discontinued
Operations of Adeona Clinical Laboratory.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>License Revenues</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company&rsquo;s licensing agreements
may contain multiple elements, such as non-refundable up-front fees, payments related to the achievement of particular milestones
and royalties. Fees associated with substantive at risk performance-based milestones are recognized as revenue upon completion
of the scientific or regulatory event specified in the agreement. When the Company has substantive continuing performance obligations
under an arrangement, revenue is recognized over the performance period of the obligations using a time-based proportional performance
approach. Under the time-based method, revenue is recognized over the arrangement&rsquo;s estimated performance period based on
the elapsed time compared to the total estimated performance period. Revenue recognized at any point in time is limited to the
amount of non-contingent payments received or due. When the Company has no substantive continuing performance obligations under
an arrangement, it recognizes revenue as the related fees become due.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Revenues from royalties on third-party
sales of licensed technologies are generally recognized in accordance with the contract terms when the royalties can be reliably
determined and collectibility is reasonably assured. To date, the Company has not received any royalty revenues.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On May 6, 2010, the Company entered
into the Meda Agreement for the development and
commercialization of Effirma (oral flupirtine) for fibromyalgia.&nbsp; As consideration for the sublicense, the Company
received an up-front payment of $2.5 million upon execution of the Meda Agreement. This payment was recorded as license
revenue in 2010. Pursuant to the Company&rsquo;s license agreement with McLean Hospital, the Company paid 15% of the $2.5
million payment ($375,000), that was netted against the revenues received from Meda AB. The Company is also entitled to
additional milestone payments of $5 million upon filing of an NDA with the U.S. FDA for oral flupirtine for fibromyalgia and
$10 million upon marketing approval. The Meda Agreement also provides that the Company is entitled to receive net royalties
of 7% of net sales of oral flupirtine approved for the treatment of fibromyalgia covered by issued patent claims in the U.S.
and Japan.&nbsp;The Meda Agreement provides that Meda AB will assume all future development costs for the commercialization
of oral flupirtine for fibromyalgia. Pursuant to the terms of the Company&rsquo;s agreement with McLean Hospital, the Company
is obligated to pay half of all future royalties the Company receives.&nbsp;&nbsp;Future milestone payments will be recorded
as revenue when payment is received as there are no future deliverables, and it is non-refundable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;<I>Laboratory Revenues</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company primarily recognized revenue
for services rendered upon completion of the testing process. Billing for services reimbursed by third-party payers, including
Medicare and Medicaid, were recorded as revenues, net of allowances for differences between amounts billed and the estimated receipts
from such payers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company maintained a sales allowance
to compensate for the difference in its billing practices and insurance company reimbursements. In determining this allowance,
the Company looked at several factors, the most significant of which is the average difference between the amount charged and the
amount reimbursed by insurance carriers over the prior 12 months, otherwise known as the yearly average adjustment amount. The
allowance taken was the averaged yearly average adjustment amount for these prior periods and multiplied by the period&rsquo;s actual
gross sales to determine the actual sales allowance for each period.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company generated reimbursement from&nbsp;three
significant insurance providers in 2011 and 2010.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 60%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Customer</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; text-align: center">A</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 31%; text-align: center">70%</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 30%; text-align: center">65%</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">B</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center">4%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center">11%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">C</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center">19%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center">14%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>Grant Revenues</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On November 4, 2010, the Company was awarded
two grants totaling $489,000 under the Qualifying Therapeutic Discovery Project (QTDP) Program to support the Company&rsquo;s clinical
programs. The QTDP Grants Program was included in the healthcare reform legislation and established a one-time pool of $1 billion
for grants to small biotechnology companies developing novel therapeutics which show potential to: (a)&nbsp;result in new therapies
that either treat areas of unmet medical need, or prevent, detect, or treat chronic or acute diseases and conditions; (b)&nbsp;reduce
long-term health care costs in the U.S.; or (c)&nbsp;significantly advance the goal of curing cancer within a 30-year period.&nbsp;&nbsp;All
grant income was recognized in 2010 and there are no future obligations associated with these grants.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">During 2010 and March 2011, all amounts awarded under these grants had been received. See Note 9 regarding the taxability of grant
revenues.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>Revenues, net (in thousands)</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 80%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">December&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%; text-align: left">License revenue</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 15%; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 15%; text-align: right">2,500</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">License fees</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(375</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">License revenue, net</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">2,125</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Grant revenue</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">489</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total revenues, net</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">2,614</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Risks and Uncertainties</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company's operations could be subject
to significant risks and uncertainties including financial, operational and regulatory risks and the potential risk of business
failure. The global economic crisis has caused a general tightening in the credit markets, lower levels of liquidity, increases
in the rates of default and bankruptcy, and extreme volatility in credit, equity and fixed income markets. These conditions may
not only limit our access to capital, but also make it difficult for our customers, our vendors and us to accurately forecast and
plan future business activities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Cash and Cash Equivalents</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Cash and cash equivalents include cash
and highly liquid short-term investments with original maturities of three months or less.&nbsp;&nbsp;At December 31, 2011 and
2010, respectively, the Company had no cash equivalents.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Classification of Marketable Securities
as Held to Maturity, Trading, and Available for Sale</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company determines the appropriate
classification of its investments in debt and equity securities at the time of purchase and reevaluates such determinations at
each balance sheet date. Debt securities are classified as held to maturity when the Company has the positive intent and ability
to hold the securities to maturity. Debt securities for which the Company does not have the intent or ability to hold to maturity
are classified as available for sale. Held to maturity securities are recorded as either short-term or long-term on the balance
sheet, based on contractual maturity date and are stated at amortized cost. Marketable securities that are bought and held principally
for the purpose of selling them in the near term are classified as trading securities and are reported at fair value, with unrealized
gains and losses recognized in earnings. Debt and marketable equity securities not classified as held to maturity or as trading,
are classified as available for sale, and are carried at fair market value, with the unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, included
in the determination of comprehensive income and reported in shareholders&rsquo; equity. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively,
the Company had no marketable securities.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">During the year ended December 31, 2011,
the Company held investments in marketable securities that were classified as held to maturity and consisted of corporate bonds
and certificates of deposits as follows <I>(in thousands)</I>:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 60%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">December 31, 2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 72%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Purchase of short-term investments</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 25%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">(4,370</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Amortization of premium on investments</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">57</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">Proceeds from short-term investments</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">4,293</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt">Loss on sale of short-term investments</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">20</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Fair value</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Property and Equipment</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Property and equipment is recorded at cost
and depreciated or amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the asset or the underlying lease
term for leasehold improvements, whichever is shorter. The estimated useful life by asset description is noted in the following
table.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 70%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Asset&nbsp;Description</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 48%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Estimated&nbsp;Useful&nbsp;Life</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Office equipment and furniture</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">5&nbsp;&nbsp;years</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Laboratory equipment</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">7-10 years</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Manufacturing equipment</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">10 years</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Leasehold improvements and fixtures</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">Lesser of estimated useful or life of lease</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Depreciation expense was
approximately $144,000 and $346,000 for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. When assets are disposed
of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts. Repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as
incurred.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">During 2010, the Company reviewed property
and equipment for impairment and determined that certain items had been impaired due to obsolescence. As a result of this review,
the Company recorded an impairment loss of approximately $121,000. For the year ended December 31, 2011, there were no significant
events or changes in circumstances identified by the Company that would indicate that the carrying value of an asset was not recoverable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Long-Lived Assets</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company reviews its long-lived assets
for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable.
If such an event or change in circumstances occurs and potential impairment is indicated because the carrying values exceed the
estimated future undiscounted cash flows of the asset, the Company will measure the impairment loss as the amount by which the
carrying value of the asset exceeds its fair value.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Goodwill</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Goodwill was not amortized, and was
tested for impairment at the reporting unit level annually and in interim periods if certain events occur indicating that the
carrying value of goodwill  was impaired. A reporting unit was an operating segment for which discrete financial information
was available and was regularly reviewed by management. The Company had one reporting unit, Adeona Clinical Laboratory, to
which goodwill was assigned.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">ASC
No. 350 requires a two-step approach to test goodwill for impairment for each reporting unit. The first step tests for impairment
by applying fair value-based tests to a reporting unit. The second step, if deemed necessary, measures the impairment by applying
fair value-based tests to specific assets and liabilities within the reporting unit. Application of the goodwill impairment tests
require judgment, including identification of reporting units, assignment of assets and liabilities to each reporting unit, assignment
of goodwill to each reporting unit, and determination of the fair value of each reporting unit. The determination of fair value
for a reporting unit could be materially affected by changes in these estimates and assumptions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">At December 31, 2011, in connection with
the Company classifying Adeona Clinical Laboratory as discontinued operations, previously recorded goodwill was considered impaired.
See Note 3 &ndash; Discontinued Operations of Adeona Clinical Laboratory.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Beneficial Conversion Feature</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For conventional convertible debt where
the rate of conversion is below market value, the Company records a &quot;beneficial conversion feature&quot; (BCF) and related
debt discount.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">When the Company records a BCF, the relative
fair value of the BCF would be recorded as a debt discount against the face amount of the respective debt instrument. The discount
would be amortized to interest expense over the life of the debt.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Derivative Liabilities</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Fair value accounting requires
bifurcation of embedded derivative instruments such as conversion features in convertible debt or equity instruments, and
measurement of their fair value for accounting purposes. In&nbsp;determining the appropriate fair value, the Company uses the
Black-Scholes option pricing model. In&nbsp;assessing the convertible debt instruments, management determines if the
convertible debt host instrument is conventional convertible debt and further if there is a beneficial conversion feature
requiring measurement. If the instrument is not considered conventional convertible debt, the Company will continue its
evaluation process of these instruments as derivative financial instruments.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Once determined, derivative liabilities
are adjusted to reflect fair value at each reporting period end, with any increase or decrease in the fair value being recorded
in results of operations as an adjustment to fair value of derivatives. In&nbsp;addition, the fair value of freestanding derivative
instruments such as warrants, are also valued using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Debt Issue Costs and Debt Discount</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company may pay debt issue costs, and
record debt discounts in connection with raising funds through the issuance of convertible debt.&nbsp;&nbsp;These costs are amortized
over the life of the debt to interest expense. If&nbsp;a conversion of the underlying debt occurs, a proportionate share of the
unamortized amounts is immediately expensed.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Original Issue Discount</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">For certain convertible debt issued, the
Company may provide the debt holder with an original issue discount.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The original issue discount was recorded
to debt discount reducing the face amount of the note and is being amortized to interest expense over the life of the debt.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Net Earnings (Loss) per Share</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Net earnings (loss) per share is computed
by dividing net earnings (loss) less preferred dividends for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding.
Diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) less preferred dividends by the weighted average number
of common shares outstanding including the effect of common share equivalents.&nbsp;Since the Company reported a net loss for the
years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, all common equivalent shares would be anti-dilutive; as such there is no separate computation
for diluted loss per share. The number of options and warrants for the purchase of common stock, that were excluded from the computations
of net loss per common share for the year ended December 31, 2011 were 2,979,010 and 3,259,186, respectively, and for the year
ended December 31, 2010 were 1,990,444 and 1,070,472, respectively.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Research and Development Costs</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company expenses research and development
costs as incurred. Research and development expenses consist primarily of license fees, manufacturing costs, salaries, stock-based
compensation and related personnel costs, fees paid to consultants and outside service providers for laboratory development, legal
expenses resulting from intellectual property prosecution and other expenses relating to the design, development, testing and enhancement
of the Company&rsquo;s product candidates.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Fair Value of Financial Instruments</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The fair value accounting standards define
fair value as the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between
market participants. As such, fair value is determined based upon assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an
asset or liability. Fair value measurements are rated on a three-tier hierarchy as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Level 1 inputs: Quoted prices (unadjusted)&nbsp;for identical assets or liabilities in active markets;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Level 2 inputs: Inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable either
directly or indirectly; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Level 3 inputs: Unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data, which require
the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In many cases, a valuation technique used
to measure fair value includes inputs from multiple levels of the fair value hierarchy described above. The lowest level of significant
input determines the placement of the entire fair value measurement in the hierarchy.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The carrying amounts of the Company&rsquo;s
short-term financial instruments, including accounts receivable, other current assets, accounts payable and accrued liabilities,
approximate fair value due to the relatively short period to maturity for these instruments.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Stock-Based Payment Arrangements</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Generally, all forms of stock-based payments,
including stock option grants, warrants, restricted stock grants and stock appreciation rights are measured at their fair value
on the awards&rsquo; grant date typically using a Black-Scholes pricing model, based on the estimated number of awards that are
ultimately expected to vest. Stock-based compensation awards issued to non-employees for services rendered are recorded at either
the fair value of the services rendered or the fair value of the stock-based payment, whichever is more readily determinable. The
expense resulting from stock-based payments are recorded in research and development expense or general and administrative expense
in the consolidated statement of operations, depending on the nature of the services provided.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Income Taxes</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company accounts for income taxes in
accordance with accounting guidance now codified as FASB ASC Topic 740, &ldquo;<I>Income Taxes</I>,&rdquo; which requires that
the Company recognize deferred tax liabilities and assets based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts
and the tax bases of assets and liabilities, using enacted tax rates in effect in the years the differences are expected to reverse.
Deferred income tax benefit (expense) results from the change in net deferred tax assets or deferred tax liabilities. A valuation
allowance is recorded when it is more likely than not that some or all deferred tax assets will not be realized.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Accounting guidance now codified as
FASB ASC Topic 740-20, <I>&ldquo;Income Taxes &ndash; Intraperiod Tax Allocation,&rdquo;</I> clarifies the accounting for
uncertainties in income taxes recognized in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740-20 by prescribing guidance for the
recognition, de-recognition and measurement in financial statements of income tax positions taken in previously filed tax
returns or tax positions expected to be taken in tax returns, including a decision whether to file or not to file in a
particular jurisdiction. FASB ASC Topic 740-20 requires that any liability created for unrecognized tax benefits is
disclosed. The application of FASB ASC Topic 740-20 may also affect the tax bases of assets and liabilities and therefore may
change or create deferred tax liabilities or assets. The Company would recognize interest and penalties related to
unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, the Company did not record any
liabilities for uncertain tax positions.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Recent Accounting Pronouncements</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In May 2011, the FASB issued guidance in
regard to fair value measurement. The new guidance results in a consistent definition of fair value and common requirements for
measurement of and disclosure about fair value between GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). This guidance
is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to
have a material impact on the Company&rsquo;s financial position or results of operations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In September 2011, the FASB issued guidance
in regard to goodwill impairment. The new guidance is intended to reduce the cost and complexity of the annual goodwill impairment
test by providing entities with the option of performing a &quot;qualitative&quot; assessment to determine whether further impairment
testing is necessary. An entity can choose to perform the qualitative assessment on none, some, or all of its reporting units.
Moreover, an entity can bypass the qualitative assessment for any reporting unit in any period and proceed directly to step one
of the impairment test, and then perform the qualitative assessment in any subsequent period. The new guidance is effective for
annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011, with early adoption
permitted. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company&rsquo;s financial position or
results of operations.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Reclassifications</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">To conform prior period amounts to current year
classifications, the Company has reclassified assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses associated with the sale of Adeona
Clinical Laboratory to discontinued operations. These reclassifications had no impact on the Company&rsquo;s previously
reported financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><B>3.</B></TD><TD><B>Discontinued Operations of Adeona Clinical Laboratory</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On March 8, 2012, the Company sold all
of its interest in Adeona Clinical Laboratory, LLC (the &ldquo;Lab&rdquo;) to Hartlab, LLC, an entity controlled by the Lab&rsquo;s
former owner. In connection with the sale of the Lab, the consideration received was (i) the immediate assignment
of the Lab&rsquo;s outstanding accounts receivable up through the date of closing, plus (ii) $700,000
payable pursuant to the terms of a two-year non-recourse promissory note secured by all of the assets of the Lab.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In accordance with ASC Topic 205-20 &ldquo;<I>Presentation
of Financial Statements&mdash;Discontinued Operations</I>&rdquo; (ASC 205-20), the Company determined that the sale of the Lab
should be classified as &ldquo;held for sale&rdquo; at December 31, 2011. In accordance with ACS 205-20 all of the following criteria
must be met for an entity to be classified as &ldquo;held for sale&rdquo;:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Management, having the authority to approve the action,
commits to a plan to sell the asset.</TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The asset is available for immediate sale in its present
condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such assets.</TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">An active program to locate a buyer and other actions
required to complete the plan to sell the asset have been initiated.</TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The sale of the asset is probable, and transfer of the
asset is expected to qualify for recognition as a complete sale within one year.</TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The asset is being actively marketed for sale at a price
that is reasonable in relation to its current fair value.</TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The Company
determined that all the criteria had been met and has classified the Lab as discontinued operations and its
results of operations, financial position and cash flows</FONT> <FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">are separately reported for all periods
presented. The assets and liabilities of the discontinued operations are presented separately under the captions &ldquo;Assets
of</FONT> <FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">discontinued operations&rdquo; and &ldquo;Liabilities of discontinued operations,&rdquo; respectively,
in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2011,</FONT> <FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">and December 31, 2010,
and consist of the following <I>(in thousands</I></FONT><I>):</I></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 80%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">December 31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Assets of discontinued operations:</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Property and equipment, net</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">23</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">36</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 9pt">Goodwill</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">178</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Total assets</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">23</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">214</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Liabilities of discontinued operations:</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 9pt">Current portion of capital lease</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">24</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 9pt">Total liabilities</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">24</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The summarized statement of operations data for Adeona Clinical
Laboratory for the years ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 are as follows <I>(in thousands):</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 80%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">December 31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-style: italic">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; text-align: left">Laboratory fees, net</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">1,169</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">551</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Operating Costs and Expenses:</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">General and administrative</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">539</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">599</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">Cost of&nbsp; laboratory services</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">975</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">468</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 9pt">Impairment loss on goodwill</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">178</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 9pt">Total operating costs and expenses</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">1,692</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">1,067</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Loss from discontinued operations</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(523</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(516</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><B>4.</B></TD><TD><B>Selected Balance Sheet Information</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Accounts receivable (in thousands)</I></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 85%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">December 31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; text-align: justify">Accounts receivable</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">692</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">472</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Bad debt allowance - customer</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(287</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(133</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">405</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">339</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%"><TR><TD STYLE="text-align: center; width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Other current assets (in thousands)</I></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 80%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">December 31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; text-align: justify">Grant receivable</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">320</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Prepaid expenses</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">16</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">23</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">16</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">343</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Property and equipment (in thousands)&nbsp;</I></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 80%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">December 31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; text-align: justify">Leasehold improvements</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">863</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Manufacturing equipment</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">400</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">333</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Computer and office equipment</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">159</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">160</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 1pt">Laboratory equipment</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">136</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">214</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">695</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,570</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Less accumulated depreciation</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(372</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(1,095</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">323</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">475</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>&nbsp;</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>Accrued expenses (in thousands)&nbsp;</I></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 80%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">December 31,</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 70%; text-align: justify">Accrued vendor payments</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">1</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">105</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>Bonus</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">100</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">Compensation</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">28</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">5</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">29</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">210</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><B>5.</B></TD><TD><B>Stock-Based Compensation</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Stock Incentive Plan</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">During 2001, the Company&rsquo;s Board
of Directors and stockholders adopted the 2001 Stock Incentive Plan (the &ldquo;2001 Stock Plan&rdquo;). As of the date of the
merger, there were 1,489,353 options issued and outstanding under the 2001 plan. The total number of shares of stock with respect
to which stock options and stock appreciation rights may be granted to any one employee of the Company or a subsidiary during any
one-year period under the 2001 Stock Plan shall not exceed 250,000. All awards pursuant to the 2001 Stock Plan shall terminate
upon the termination of the grantee&rsquo;s employment for any reason. Awards include options, restricted shares, stock appreciation
rights, performance shares and cash-based awards (the &ldquo;Awards&rdquo;). The 2001 Stock Plan contains certain anti-dilution
provisions in the event of a stock split, stock dividend or other capital adjustment, as defined in the plan. The 2001 Stock Plan
provides for a Committee of the Board to grant awards and to determine the exercise price, vesting term, expiration date and all
other terms and conditions of the awards, including acceleration of the vesting of an award at any time. As of December 31, 2011,
there were 1,320,354 options issued and outstanding under the 2001 Stock Plan.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On March 20, 2007, the Company&rsquo;s
Board of Directors approved the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan (the &ldquo;2007 Stock Plan&rdquo;) for the issuance of up to 2,500,000
shares of common stock to be granted through incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, dividend
equivalent rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and other stock-based awards to officers, other employees, directors
and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries. This plan was approved by stockholders on November 2, 2007. The exercise price
of stock options under the 2007 Stock Plan is determined by the compensation committee of the Board of Directors, and may be equal
to or greater than the fair market value of the Company&rsquo;s common stock on the date the option is granted. The total number
of shares of stock with respect to which stock options and stock appreciation rights may be granted to any one employee of the
Company or a subsidiary during any one-year period under the 2001 plan shall not exceed 250,000. Options become exercisable over
various periods from the date of grant, and generally expire ten years after the grant date. As of December 31, 2011, there are
1,201,156 options issued and outstanding under the 2007 Stock Plan.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On November 2, 2010, the Board of Directors
and stockholders adopted the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan (&ldquo;2010 Stock Plan&rdquo;) for the issuance of up to 3,000,000 shares
of common stock to be granted through incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, dividend
equivalent rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and other stock-based awards to officers, other employees, directors
and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries. The exercise price of stock options under the 2010 Stock Plan is determined
by the compensation committee of the Board of Directors, and may be equal to or greater than the fair market value of the Company&rsquo;s
common stock on the date the option is granted. Options become exercisable over various period from the date of grant, and generally
expire ten years after the grant date. As of December 31, 2011, there are 457,500 options issued and outstanding under the 2010
Stock Plan.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In the event of an employee&rsquo;s termination,
the Company will cease to recognize compensation expense for that employee. There is no deferred compensation recorded upon initial
grant date, instead, the fair value of the stock-based payment is recognized ratably over the stated vesting period.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company has applied fair value
accounting for all share based payment awards since inception. The fair value of each option or warrant granted is estimated
on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Black-Scholes assumptions used in the years ended
December 31, 2011 and 2010 are as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 80%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD NOWRAP>&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year&nbsp;ended&nbsp;December&nbsp;31,</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2011</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>Exercise price</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">$0.49 - $2.22</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">$0.56 - $0.87</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 54%; text-align: left">Expected dividends</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="width: 20%; text-align: center">0%</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="width: 20%; text-align: center">0%</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Expected volatility</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">175% - 188%</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">187% - 207%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Risk fee interest rate</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">1.30% - 3.58%</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">2.54% - 3.63%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Expected life of option</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">5 - 7 years</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">10 years</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Expected forfeitures</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">0%</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">0%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company records stock-based compensation
based upon the stated vested provisions in the related agreements, with recognition of expense recorded on the straight line basis
over the term of the related agreement. The vesting provisions for these agreements have various terms as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>immediate vesting,</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>half vesting immediately and the remainder over three years,</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>quarterly over three years,</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>annually over three years,</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>one-third immediate vesting and remaining annually over two years,</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>one half immediate vesting with remaining vesting over nine months,</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>one quarter immediate vesting with the remaining over three years</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>one quarter immediate vesting with the remaining over 33 months; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.75in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Symbol">&middot;</FONT></TD><TD>monthly over three years.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">During 2011, the Company granted 557,002
options to employees and consultants having an approximate fair value of $609,000 based upon the Black-Scholes option pricing model.&nbsp;
During 2010, the Company granted 743,332 options to employees and consultants having an approximate fair value of $597,000 based
upon the Black-Scholes option pricing model.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Weighted</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Average</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Weighted</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Remaining</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Aggregate</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Average&nbsp;Exercise</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Contractual</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Intrinsic</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Options</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Price</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Life</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Value</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance &ndash; December 31, 2009</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">2,561,332</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">1.26</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-decoration: none; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-decoration: none; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">7.16 years</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">304,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>Granted</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">743,332</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">0.80</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>Exercised</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(255,954</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">0.44</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">Forfeited</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(509,619</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">$</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">0.69</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance &ndash; December 31, 2010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">2,539,091</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">1.32</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-decoration: none; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-decoration: none; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">6.97 years</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">1,028,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>Granted</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">557,002</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1.26</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>Exercised</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(23,333</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">0.57</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">Forfeited</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">(93,750</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">0.59</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance &ndash; December 31, 2011 &ndash; outstanding</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">2,979,010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">1.34</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-decoration: none; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-decoration: none; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">6.01 years</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance &ndash; December 31, 2011 &ndash; exercisable</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">2,454,607</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">1.46</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-decoration: none; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-decoration: none; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">5.62 years</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Grant date fair value of options granted &ndash; 2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">609,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Weighted average grant date fair value &ndash; 2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">1.09</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Grant date fair value of options granted &ndash; 2010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">597,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Weighted average grant date fair value &ndash; 2010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">0.80</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Outstanding options held by related parties &ndash; 2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">1,283,160</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Exercisable options held by related parties &ndash; 2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">1,070,660</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Outstanding options held by related parties &ndash; 2010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">1,083,160</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Exercisable options held by related parties &ndash; 2010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">858,160</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2011
are as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD COLSPAN="11" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Options&nbsp;Outstanding</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="9" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Options&nbsp;Exercisable</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">Weighted</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">Weighted&nbsp;Average</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">Weighted</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">Weighted&nbsp;Average</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">Range&nbsp;of</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">Average</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">Remaining</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">Average</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">Remaining</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Exercise&nbsp;Price</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Options</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Exercise&nbsp;Price</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Contractual&nbsp;Life</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Options</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Exercise&nbsp;Price</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Contractual&nbsp;Life</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: center">$0.09 - $4.57</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">2,889,011</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">1.20</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right">6.11 years</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">2,364,608</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">1.29</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right">5.72 years</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt">$4.58 - $9.05</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">89,999</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">5.93</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-decoration: none; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-decoration: none; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2.76 years</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">89,999</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">5.93</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-decoration: none; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-decoration: none; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2.76 years</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">$0.09 - $9.05</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">2,979,010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">1.34</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">6.01 years</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">2,454,607</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">1.46</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">5.62 years</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2010
are as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD COLSPAN="11" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Options&nbsp;Outstanding</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="9" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Options&nbsp;Exercisable</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">Weighted</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">Weighted&nbsp;Average</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">Weighted</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">Weighted&nbsp;Average</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">Range&nbsp;of</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">Average</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">Remaining</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">Average</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">Remaining</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Exercise&nbsp;Price</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Options</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Exercise&nbsp;Price</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Contractual&nbsp;Life</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Options</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Exercise&nbsp;Price</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Contractual&nbsp;Life</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: center">$0.09 - $4.57</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">2,449,092</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">1.16</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right">7.09 years</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">1,900,445</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 12%; text-align: right">1.28</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right">6.47 years</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt">$4.58 - $9.05</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">89,999</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">5.93</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-decoration: none; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-decoration: none; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">3.76 years</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">89,999</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">5.93</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-decoration: none; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-decoration: none; text-align: right; padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">3.76 years</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">$0.09 - $9.05&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">2,539,091</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">1.32</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">6.97 years</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">1,990,444</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">1.48</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">6.35 years</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The following is a summary of the Company&rsquo;s non-vested
stock options at December 31, 2011:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 80%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD NOWRAP>&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Weighted&nbsp;Average</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center"><B>Unvested</B>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center"><B>Grant</B>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Stock&nbsp;Options</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Date&nbsp;Fair&nbsp;Value</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%">Non-vested&nbsp;&ndash;&nbsp;December&nbsp;31,&nbsp;2010</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 15%; text-align: right">548,647</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 15%; text-align: right">0.77</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>Granted</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">557,002</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1.09</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>Vested/Exercised</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(528,017</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1.07</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">Forfeited/Cancelled</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(53,229</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">0.57</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Non-vested &ndash; December 31, 2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">524,403</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">0.82</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Weighted average remaining period for vesting</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">1.67 years</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Stock Warrants and Derivative Liabilities</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On July 2, 2010, the Company entered into
a Common Stock Purchase Agreement with a single investor. As part of this agreement, the Company issued warrants to purchase 60,606
shares of common stock to the placement agent, or its permitted assigns. The warrants have an exercise price of $1.32 and a life
of 5 years. The warrants vested on January 1, 2011 and expire December 31, 2015. Since these warrants were granted as part of an
equity raise, the Company has treated them as a direct offering cost. The result of the transaction has no affect to equity. As
of December 31, 2011, 30,303 of these warrants remained outstanding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On January 28, 2011, the Company entered
into a Common Stock Purchase Agreement with three institutional investors. As part of this agreement, the Company issued warrants
to purchase 1,428,572 shares of common stock. Each warrant was exercisable&nbsp;for thirteen months&nbsp;at $2.00 per share and
subsequently exchanged for new warrants with substantially the same&nbsp;terms as the original warrants except that the expiration
date was extended for two months. The original warrants had an anti-dilution price protection feature; if the Company issues securities
at a price per share that is less than $2.00 per share, the warrant holders will be ratcheted down to the lower offering price.
However, the Company had instituted a floor price of $1.40 per share in connection with the price protection.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On April 6, 2011, the Company entered into
another Common Stock Purchase Agreement that triggered the ratchet provision and re-set the price of these warrants to $1.40 per
share. Due to the re-set to the floor price, the warrant liability was marked-to-market and reclassified to additional paid-in
capital since it ceased to contain the provisions of a derivative liability. As of December 31, 2011, all of these warrants remained
outstanding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The warrants were initially recorded as
liabilities at their estimated fair value on the commitment date, which was $716,000 with subsequent changes in estimated fair
value recorded as a warrant expense&nbsp;in the Company&rsquo;s statement of operations at each subsequent reporting period. On
April 6, 2011, the fair value of the warrant liability was $1.5 million, which represented an increase in fair value of $765,000.
The fair value was measured using the Black-Scholes valuation model. The assumptions used by the Company are summarized in the
following table:</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 80%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">Remeasurement</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">Commitment&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="text-align: center">Date</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD NOWRAP>&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Date</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">April&nbsp;6,&nbsp;2011</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%">Closing stock price</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: center">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 15%; text-align: center">1.39</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: center">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 15%; text-align: center">2.08</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Expected dividend rate</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center">0%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center">0%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Expected stock price volatility</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center">117.1%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center">104.6%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Risk free interest rate</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center">0.28%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center">0.29%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left"></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Expected life (years)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center">1.08</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: center">0.85</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On August 10, 2011, the Company entered
into an agreement to exchange the warrants issued in connection with the January 28, 2011 financing for new warrants with substantially
the same terms as the original warrants except that in the new warrants the expiration date was&nbsp;extended by two months.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On April 6, 2011, the Company entered into
a Common Stock Purchase Agreement with an institutional investor. As part of this agreement, the Company issued a warrant to purchase
844,391 shares of common stock. The warrant was initially exercisable&nbsp;for thirteen months&nbsp;at $2.0725 per share. The warrant
had an anti-dilution price protection feature; that provided if the Company issues securities at a price per share that is less
than $2.0725 per share,&nbsp;the&nbsp;exercise price of the warrant&nbsp;will be ratcheted down to the lower offering price.&nbsp;On
July 28, 2011, the warrant was exchanged for a new warrant with substantially similar terms except that in the new warrant (i)
the anti-dilution price protection was eliminated, (ii) the exercise price was lowered to $1.00, (iii) the expiration date was
extended for an additional&nbsp;three months to August 12, 2012,&nbsp;and (iv) the warrant&rsquo;s initial exercise date was changed
to January 2012. Due to this warrant exchange, the warrant liability was marked-to-market and reclassified to additional paid-in
capital since it ceased to contain the provisions of a derivative liability. As of December 31, 2011, all of these warrants remained
outstanding.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The warrant is&nbsp;initially recorded
as a liability at&nbsp;its estimated fair value on the commitment date, which was $776,000 with subsequent changes in estimated
fair value recorded as a warrant expense&nbsp;in the Company&rsquo;s statement of operations at each subsequent period. On July
28, 2011, the fair value of the warrant liability was $253,000, which represented a decrease in fair value of $523,000. The fair
value is measured using the Black-Scholes valuation model. The assumptions used by the Company are summarized
in the following table:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 80%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">Remeasurement</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">Commitment</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">Date</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Date</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">July&nbsp;28,&nbsp;2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%; text-indent: -0.25in; padding-left: 0.25in">Closing stock price</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="width: 15%; text-align: center">$2.08</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="width: 15%; text-align: center">$0.84</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in; padding-left: 0.25in">Expected dividend rate</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">0%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">0%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in; padding-left: 0.25in">Expected stock price volatility</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">112.1%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">105.6%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in; padding-left: 0.25in">Risk free interest rate</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">0.29%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">0.21%</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in; padding-left: 0.25in">Expected life (years)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">1.08</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">1.04</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of the
warrant liabilities <I>(in thousands):</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 80%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-indent: -0.25in; padding-left: 0.25in">Balance at December 31, 2010</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 82%; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in; padding-left: 0.25in">Warrant liability</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 15%; text-align: right">1,492</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.25in; padding-left: 0.25in">Change in fair value of warrant liability</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">242</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -0.25in; padding-left: 0.25in">Reclassification to additional paid-in capital</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(1,734</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: -0.25in; padding-left: 0.25in">Balance at December 31, 2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">A summary of warrant activity for the Company
for the year ended December 31, 2010 and for the year ended December 31, 2011 is as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 80%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD NOWRAP>&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP>&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Weighted&nbsp;Average</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Number&nbsp;of&nbsp;Warrants</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Exercise&nbsp;Price</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%">Balance at December 31, 2009</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 15%; text-align: right">1,070,472</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 15%; text-align: right">3.27</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>Granted</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">60,606</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1.32</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>Exercised</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">Forfeited</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>Balance as December 31, 2010</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,131,078</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">3.49</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>Granted</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">2,272,963</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1.25</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD>Exercised</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(15,615</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1.03</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">Forfeited</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(129,240</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2.08</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance as December 31, 2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">3,259,186</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">1.95</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">A summary of all outstanding and exercisable warrants as of
December 31, 2011 is as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 80%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Exercise <BR>Price</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Warrants <BR>Outstanding</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Warrants <BR>Exercisable</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Weighted&nbsp;Average <BR>Remaining <BR>Contractual&nbsp;Life</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Aggregate Intrinsic Value</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 17%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1.00</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 17%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">844,391</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 16%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">844,391</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 16%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">0.61 years</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 16%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">219,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1.32</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">30,303</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">30,303</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">4.00 years</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1.40</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,428,572</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1,428,572</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">0.33 years</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">2.22</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">517,257</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">517,257</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">4.91 years</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3.30</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">61,207</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">61,207</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3.41 years</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3.75</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">50,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">50,000</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">4.13 years</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">6.36</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">327,456</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">327,456</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">0.86 years</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1.95</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3,259,186</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">3,259,186</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">1.33 years</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">219,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Options of Subsidiaries</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As of December 31, 2011, CD4 Biosciences,
Inc., a majority-owned subsidiary of Synthetic Biologics, has a total of 20,000 stock options outstanding and exercisable.&nbsp;&nbsp;These
stock options have an exercise price of $0.20 and a remaining contractual life of 0.37 years.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As of December 31, 2011, Epitope, a majority-owned
subsidiary of Synthetic Biologics, has 50,000 stock options outstanding and 20,000 stock options exercisable. These stock options
have an exercise price of $0.001 and a remaining contractual life of 6.50 years.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><B>6.</B></TD><TD><B>Stockholders&rsquo; Equity</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Year Ended December 31, 2010</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On July 2, 2010, the Company sold 1,212,121
shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock at a closing price of $0.825 for gross proceeds of $1 million.&nbsp;&nbsp;The Company
paid direct offering costs of $115,000.&nbsp;&nbsp;See Note 5 regarding warrants granted with this offering.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">During the year ended December 31, 2010,
the Company issued 255,954 shares of common stock, in connection with the exercise of stock options, for proceeds of $130,000.
The Company also issued 279,724 shares of common stock for consulting services, having a fair value of $214,000 ($0.76 per share),
81,035 shares of common stock for license fees, having a fair value of $70,000 ($0.87 per share), and 60,521 shares of common stock
for employment service, having a fair value of $47,000 ($0.77 per share). The fair value of these issuances were based upon the
quoted closing trading prices.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Year Ended December 31, 2011</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">During the year ended December
31, 2011, the Company issued 28,333 shares of common stock in connection with the exercise of stock options and warrants for proceeds
of $15,000 and 10,615 shares of common stock related to a cashless exercise of warrants. The Company issued 73,585 shares of common
stock for employment service, having a fair value of $94,000 ($1.29 average per share) and 171,796 shares of common stock for consulting
services, having a fair value of $165,000 ($0.96 average per share), based on the quoted closing trading prices. The Company also
issued 3,123,558 shares of common stock as consideration for the Channel Agreement with Intrexon, having
a fair value of $1.7 million ($0.54 average per share), based on the quoted closing trading price.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On January 28, 2011, the Company sold 2,857,144
shares of common stock and warrants exercisable for&nbsp;1,428,572 shares of common stock&nbsp;for $4 million. Direct offering
costs were approximately $296,000.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On April 6, 2011, the Company sold 1,688,782
shares of common stock and a warrant exercisable for 844,391 shares of common stock&nbsp;for $3.5 million. Direct offering costs
were approximately $243,000.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><B>7.</B></TD><TD><B>License, Collaborative and Employment Agreements and Commitments</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>License Agreements</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company has entered into various option
and license agreements for the use of patents and their corresponding applications. These agreements have been entered into with
various educational institutions and hospitals. These agreements contain payment schedules or stated amounts due for (a) option
and license fees, (b) expense reimbursements, and (c) achievement of success milestones. All expenses related to these agreements
have been recorded as research and development.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Research Agreement</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In September&nbsp;of 2005, the Company
entered into a three-year research agreement with the University of Michigan. Pursuant to that agreement, the Company sponsored
research of approximately $460,000 per year.&nbsp;&nbsp;On March 20, 2008, the Company terminated the agreement.&nbsp;&nbsp;On
March 24, 2009, the Company entered into a payment plan with the University of Michigan to pay the outstanding balance of $197,000.&nbsp;&nbsp;The
Company agreed to pay $5,000 per month, until the balance is paid in full. At December 31, 2011, the balance is approximately $32,000
and is recorded as a short-term accounts payable</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Employment Agreements</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On February 6, 2010, the Company executed
a three-year employment agreement with James S. Kuo, M.D., Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President.&nbsp;&nbsp;The agreement
provided for an annual base salary of $199,000, discretionary performance and transactional bonus payments, and 400,000 stock options
with an exercise price equal to the market price on the date of grant.&nbsp;&nbsp;Of these stock options, 100,000 vested immediately
upon grant and the remainder will vest pro rata, on a monthly basis, over the following thirty-six months. The fair value of the
options totaled $328,000 and was determined using the Black-Scholes model with the following assumptions: expected dividend yield
of 0%, expected volatility of 204.5%; risk free interest rate of 3.59% and an expected life of 10 years.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Effective February 3, 2012, Dr. Kuo
resigned from his positions as President and Chief Executive Officer. In connection with his resignation, Dr. Kuo entered
into a nine-month consulting agreement with the Company (the &ldquo;Consulting Agreement&rdquo;). Pursuant to the Consulting
Agreement, Dr. Kuo will be entitled to a consulting fee of $17,000 per month and retain the right to exercise the stock
options held by him that have vested (324,999) as of the effective date of the Consulting Agreement for a period expiring on
the date that is one  year from the effective date of the Consulting Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Effective February 3, 2012, Jeffrey Riley
was appointed to serve as the Company&rsquo;s Chief Executive Officer and President. In connection with his appointment, Mr. Riley
entered into a three-year employment agreement with the Company (the &ldquo;Riley Employment Agreement&rdquo;). Pursuant to the
Riley Employment Agreement, Mr. Riley will be entitled to an annual base salary of $348,000 and will be eligible for discretionary
performance and transactional bonus payments. Additionally, Mr. Riley was granted options to purchase 750,000 shares of the Company&rsquo;s
common stock with an exercise price equal to the per share market price on the date of issue. These options will vest pro rata,
on a monthly basis, over thirty-six months. The Company measured the fair value of the stock options at approximately $1.7 million
using a Black-Scholes valuation model; these warrants were indexed to the Company&rsquo;s own stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Effective February 6, 2012, C. Evan
Ballantyne was appointed the Company&rsquo;s Chief Financial Officer. In connection with his appointment, Mr. Ballantyne
entered into a three-year employment agreement with the Company (the &ldquo;Ballantyne Employment Agreement&rdquo;). Pursuant
to the Ballantyne Employment Agreement, Mr. Ballantyne will be entitled to an annual base salary of $298,000 and will be
eligible for discretionary performance and transactional bonus payments. Additionally, Mr. Ballantyne was granted options to
purchase 425,000 shares of our common stock with an exercise price equal to our per share market price on the date of issue.
These options will vest pro rata, on a monthly basis, over thirty-six months. The Company measured the fair value of the
stock options at approximately $1 million using a Black-Scholes valuation model; these warrants were indexed to the
Company&rsquo;s own stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Black-Scholes assumptions used in calculating
the fair value of the stock options are as follows:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 40%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 54%; padding-right: 0.75pt">Exercise price</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center">$2.30 - $2.47</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.75pt">Expected dividends</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center">0%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.75pt">Expected volatility</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center">174% </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.75pt">Risk free interest rate</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center">1.93% - 1.97%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.75pt">Expected life of options</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center">10 years</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.75pt">Expected forfeitures</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center">0%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Other Commitments</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">As of December 31, 2011, amounts due for
license agreements are as follows <I>(in thousands)</I>:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 50%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Year&nbsp;Ending&nbsp;December&nbsp;31,</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 71%; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.24in">2012</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 25%; text-align: right">37</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 0.24in">2013</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 0.24in">2014</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 0.24in">2015</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 0.24in">2016</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">5</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 0.12in">Total</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">57</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>Operating Lease</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">During 2007, the Company entered into a
non-cancelable operating lease for office, laboratory and production space in Ann Arbor, Michigan.&nbsp;This lease expired on February
28, 2011. In March 2011, the Company entered into a month-to-month lease, at a different location,
in Ann Arbor, Michigan.&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">During the years ended December 31, 2011
and 2010 the Company recognized rent expense of $64,000 and $214,000, respectively.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Capital Lease</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In June 2006, the Company acquired $65,000
of equipment  under a non-cancelable capital lease. The Company agreed to guarantee and to release the
seller from the seller&rsquo;s personal guarantee of the remaining balance and the amount was placed in escrow.&nbsp;&nbsp;The
effective interest rate of the lease was 8.51%.&nbsp; Related monthly payments of principal and interest were $1,400 over a period
of sixty months.&nbsp; In September 2008, the lessor extended the term for repayment by eight months, with a final maturity date
of January 2012.&nbsp;&nbsp;The remaining balance of this capital lease at December 31, 2010 was $24,000. In January 2011, this
capital lease was paid in full and the funds were released from escrow. See Note 3 &ndash; Discontinued Operations of Adeona Clinical
Laboratory.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><B>8.</B></TD><TD><B>Stock Repurchase Program</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On April 3, 2009, the Company&rsquo;s Board
of Directors approved a Stock Repurchase Program authorizing the Company to repurchase, from time-to-time and through December
31, 2009, up to $1 million of its common stock, up to a maximum of four million shares at prices of up to $5 per share. As of December
31, 2011, the Company had repurchased 81,482 shares for approximately $50,000 ($0.61 per share), based upon the quoted closing
trading price.&nbsp;&nbsp;These treasury shares are not included in the computation of earnings (loss) per share and are deemed
to be canceled and retired.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><B>9.</B></TD><TD><B>Income Taxes</B></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">There was no income tax expense for the
years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 due to the Company&rsquo;s net losses.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company&rsquo;s tax expense differs
from the &ldquo;expected&rdquo; tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, (computed by applying the Federal Corporate
tax rate of 34% to loss before taxes and 5.5% for Michigan State Corporate taxes, the blended rate used was 37.63%), as follows
<I>(in thousands):</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 80%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%; text-align: left">Computed &ldquo;expected&rdquo; tax benefit - Federal</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 15%; text-align: right">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(2,618</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 15%; text-align: right">(550</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Computed &ldquo;expected&rdquo; tax benefit - State</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(448</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(94</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Non-taxable federal grant</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(184</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Meals, entertainment and other</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">5</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Non-deductible stock-based compensation</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">366</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">150</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Warrant expense</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">56</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Change in fair value of warrant expense</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">91</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Realized loss on debt securities</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">7</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Change in valuation allowance</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2,035</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">673</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">-</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The effects of temporary differences that
gave rise to significant portions of deferred tax assets at December 31, 2011 and 2010 are as follows <I>(in thousands):</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 80%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">Deferred&nbsp;tax&nbsp;assets:</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2011</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%; text-align: left">Stock issued for services</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 15%; text-align: right">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(321</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 15%; text-align: right">(223</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Bad debt &ndash; change in allowance</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(205</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(49</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">Net operating loss carry-forward</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(10,425</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(8,644</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Total gross deferred tax assets</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(10,951</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">(8,916</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Less valuation allowance</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">10,951</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">8,916</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Net deferred tax assets</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">At December 31, 2011, the Company
has a net operating loss carry-forward of approximately $27.7 million available to offset future taxable income expiring
through 2031. Utilization of these net operating losses may be limited due to potential ownership changes under Section 382
of the Internal Revenue Code.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The valuation allowance at
December 31, 2010 was approximately $8.9 million. The net change in valuation allowance during the year ended December 31,
2011 was an increase of approximately $2 million. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers
whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred income tax assets will not be realized. The
ultimate realization of deferred income tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the
periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred
income tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. Based on
consideration of these items, Management has determined that enough uncertainty exists relative to the realization of the
deferred income tax asset balances to warrant the application of a full valuation allowance as of December 31, 2011.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">During 2010, the Company received grant
revenue of $489,000.&nbsp;&nbsp;Under the terms of the grant, this revenue is not taxable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>10. Subsequent Event</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On December 20, 2011, the
Company entered into a consulting agreement for financial advisory services, for a period of twelve months. As compensation
for such services, the consultant will be paid a monthly fee of $10,000 and was issued a warrant exercisable for 100,000
shares of  the Company&rsquo;s common stock. The warrant is exercisable upon issuance for a period of five years from the
date of issue at an exercise price equal to the price of  the Company&rsquo;s common stock on the date of issue. The issue
date of the warrant is February 2, 2012.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The fair value of the warrant approximated
$200,000 and was measured using the Black-Scholes valuation model. The assumptions used by the Company are summarized in the following
table:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 40%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 54%; padding-right: 0.75pt">Exercise price</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 40%; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center">$1.14</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%; padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.75pt">Expected dividends</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center">0%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.75pt">Expected volatility</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center">174% </TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.75pt">Risk free interest rate</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center">0.71%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.75pt">Expected life of warrant</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center">5 years</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.75pt">Expected forfeitures</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center">0%</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On May 1, 2012, the Company was informed
by Berman &amp; Company, P.A. (&ldquo;Berman &amp; Company&rdquo;), the Company&rsquo;s independent registered accounting firm,
that during a regular Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (&ldquo;PCAOB&rdquo;) inspection of Berman &amp; Company, the
PCAOB issued a comment that the audit opinion included in the Company&rsquo;s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December
31, 2011 was issued by a partner at Berman &amp; Company who was not authorized under the PCAOB rules to issue the opinion or
act as our named engagement partner with respect to the Form 10-K audit (or prior 2011 Form 10-Q interim reviews) after the original
engagement partner rotated off the account under the Securities and Exchange Commission&rsquo;s independence rules as it pertains
to partner rotation (S-X Rule 2-01 - Qualifications of Accountants).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company believes that the
previously filed financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011 are accurate. In addition, the Company has not
been informed by Berman &amp; Company or the PCAOB, that the previously filed financial statements for the year ended
December 31, 2011 are not accurate or otherwise invalid. As a matter of precaution the new engagement partner at Berman &amp;
Company has since: (i) taken full responsibility for the audit as the lead engagement partner on the audit, (ii) performed a
detailed review of all audit procedures related to the original audit for sufficiency and (iii) reissued the audit opinion.
The review performed by the new audit partner did not result in any changes to the Company&rsquo;s financial statements or
notes to the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011, other than the addition of the May 1, 2012 and May
10, 2012 disclosures in this subsequent event note to the financial statements.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On May 10, 2012, Jeffrey J. Kraws was appointed as the
independent, non-executive Chairman of the Board. For his service as independent, non-executive Chairman of the Board, Mr.
Kraws will be issued options exercisable for 100,000 shares of the Company&rsquo;s common stock and will receive annual
compensation of $150,000. The fair value of these options will be measured using the Black-Scholes valuation model.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Item 9.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Changes
In and Discussions with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">None.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Item 9A.&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Controls and
Procedures</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Disclosure Controls and Procedures</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company has adopted and maintains
disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed
in the reports filed under the Exchange Act, such as this Form 10-K/A, is collected, recorded, processed, summarized and reported
within the time periods specified in the rules of the SEC. The Company&rsquo;s disclosure controls and procedures are also designed
to ensure that such information is accumulated and communicated to management to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
As required under Exchange Act Rule 13a-15, the Company&rsquo;s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer, has conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered
by this Annual Report on Form 10-K/A. Based upon that evaluation, the Company&rsquo;s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer concluded that the Company&rsquo;s disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required
to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that the Company files or submits under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed,
summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC&rsquo;s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated
and communicated to the Company&rsquo;s management, including the Company&rsquo;s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Management&rsquo;s Report on Internal
Control Over Financial Reporting</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company&rsquo;s management is responsible
for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15. The
Company&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance to the Company&rsquo;s management
and Board of Directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements.&nbsp;&nbsp;Management
conducted an assessment of the Company&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting based on the framework and criteria established
by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in Internal Control-Integrated Framework.&nbsp;&nbsp;Based
on the assessment, management concluded that, as of December 31, 2011, the Company&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting
is effective based on those criteria.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Company&rsquo;s management, including
its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, does not expect that the Company&rsquo;s disclosure controls and procedures
and its internal control processes will prevent all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated,
can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the design of
a control system must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of controls must be considered relative
to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance
that all control issues and instances of error or fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations
include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that the breakdowns can occur because of simple error
or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people,
or by management override of the control. The design of any system of controls also is based in part upon certain assumptions about
the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under
all potential future conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance
with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements
due to error or fraud may occur and may not be detected. However, these inherent limitations are known features of the financial
reporting process. Therefore, it is possible to design into the process safeguards to reduce, though not eliminate, this risk.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><I>Changes in Internal Control</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">There has been no change in our internal
control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act) that occurred during our fiscal
quarter ended December 31, 2011 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control
over financial reporting.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">This Annual Report on Form 10-K/A does
not include an attestation report of the Company&rsquo;s registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial
reporting.&nbsp;&nbsp;Management&rsquo;s report was not subject to attestation by the Company&rsquo;s registered public accounting
firm pursuant to temporary rules of the SEC that permit the Company to provide only management&rsquo;s report in this Annual Report
on Form 10-K/A.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Item 9B.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Other
Information</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">None.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PART III</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Item 10.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Directors,
Executive Officers and Corporate Governance</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Below is certain information regarding our directors and executive
officers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 25%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Name</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 8%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Age</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 2%; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 63%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Position</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Jeffrey Riley</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">49</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Chief Executive Officer, President and Director</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>C. Evan Ballantyne</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">52</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Chief Financial Officer</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Jeffrey J. Kraws &nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;47</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Chairman</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Steve H. Kanzer,&nbsp; C.P.A, J.D.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">48</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Director</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>James S. Kuo, M.D.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">47</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Director</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Nelson K. Stacks</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">41</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Director</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Scott L. Tarriff</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">52</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Director</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Jeffrey Wolf,&nbsp; J.D.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">49</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Director</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Jeffrey Riley.</I></B>
Mr. Riley, a member of the Synthetic Biologics&rsquo; Board of Directors since March 2010 and Chairman of the Board from
November 2011 to May 2012, was appointed as the Company&rsquo;s President and Chief Executive Officer in February 2012. Since
November 2009 until January 2012, Mr. Riley served as the Managing Director of 526 Ventures, a life science-focused
consulting firm with a commercial and transactional focus, and from April 2009 until February 2012 he was the business
officer of Ruga Corporation, a Stanford University spin-out oncology drug discovery company focused on targeting tumor
adaptive responses. From January 2005 until January 2010, Mr. Riley was a member of the advisory board and a venture partner
of Queensland Biocapital Fund, an Australia-based venture fund. Mr. Riley has held senior corporate and commercial
development positions with multiple venture-backed biotech companies. In these positions, he was responsible for raising
equity and negotiating alliances including in-licensing, out-licensing, distribution agreements, technology acquisitions and
research agreements with large pharmaceutical companies and government agencies. Mr. Riley's pharmaceutical experience
includes commercial management and mergers and acquisition roles for Pfizer and SmithKline Beecham. Additionally, Mr. Riley
served as CFO and VP Corporate Development for Nichols Institute Diagnostics, later acquired by Corning and spun out as Quest
Diagnostics. Mr. Riley&rsquo;s education includes: a B.S. degree from Boise State University, coursework at UCSF/Berkeley in
drug discovery/development and participation in a dual-degree graduate program, an M.B.A./M.I.M. sponsored by Arizona State
University and the Thunderbird School of Global Management.</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Mr. Riley brings to the Board extensive
knowledge of the pharmaceutical industry. Having served in senior corporate positions in biotech and pharmaceutical companies he
has a vast knowledge of the industry.&nbsp;&nbsp;His business experience provides him with a broad understanding of the operational,
financial and strategic issues facing public companies.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>C. Evan Ballantyne.</I></B> Mr. Ballantyne
joined Synthetic Biologics as its Chief Financial Officer in February 2012. From 2006 until its acquisition in April 2011, Mr.
Ballantyne served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Clinical Data, Inc., a publicly-traded biopharmaceutical
company which was acquired by Forest Laboratories, Inc. for $1.3 billion. While at Clinical Data, he was instrumental in leading
corporate financings totaling approximately $220 million as well as a number of acquisition and divestitures totaling $116 million.
Mr. Ballantyne has also served as Chief Financial Officer of a number of private medical technology companies, including Avedro
and ZymeQuest. Earlier in his career, he served as Vice President and Chief Operating Officer for ACNielsen Europe Middle East
&amp; Africa and held the Chief Financial Officer position as well for two years. There, Mr. Ballantyne was responsible for all
aspects of operations, strategic planning and finance in more than 45 countries for a corporation with 9,700 employees. He also
helped lead the company's successful ISO certification process. He began his career at the Dun &amp; Bradstreet Corporation where
he held several senior financial positions. Mr. Ballantyne earned a BA from the University of Western Ontario, and took a post-graduate
degree in Business Administration with Honors from the University of Windsor.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Jeffrey J. Kraws.</I></B> Mr. Kraws
has been a director since January of 2006, and was appointed independent, non-executive Chairman of the Board in May 2012.&nbsp;&nbsp;Since
2003, Mr. Kraws&nbsp;has served Chief Executive Officer and co-founder of Crystal Research Associates. Well known and respected
on Wall Street, Mr. Kraws has received some of the most prestigious awards in the industry. Among other awards, he was given a
&ldquo;5-Star Rating&rdquo; in 2001 by Zacks and was ranked the number one analyst among all pharmaceutical analysts for stock
performance in 2001 by Starmine.com. Prior to founding Crystal Research Associates, Mr. Kraws served as co-president of The Investor
Relations Group (IRG), a firm representing primarily under-followed, small-capitalization companies. Previously, Mr. Kraws served
as a managing director of healthcare research for Ryan Beck &amp; Co. and as director of research/senior pharmaceutical analyst
and managing director at Gruntal &amp; Co., LLC (prior to its merger with Ryan Beck &amp; Company). Mr. Kraws served as managing
director of the healthcare research group and senior pharmaceutical analyst at First Union Securities (formerly EVEREN Securities);
as senior U.S. pharmaceutical analyst for the Swedish-Swiss conglomerate Asea Brown Boveri; and as managing director and president
of the Brokerage/Investment Banking operation of ABB Aros Securities, Inc. He also served as senior pharmaceutical analyst at
Nationsbanc Montgomery Securities, BT Alex Brown &amp; Sons, and Buckingham Research. Mr. Kraws also has industry experience,
having been responsible for competitive analysis within the treasury group at Bristol-Myers-Squibb Company. He holds an M.B.A.
from Cornell University and a B.S. degree from State University of New York-Buffalo. During 2006 through February of 2007, Mr.
Kraws served as our Vice President of Business Development, on a part-time basis.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Mr.&nbsp;Kraws brings a strong business
background to Synthetic Biologics, having worked as a pharmaceutical analyst for over 22 years.&nbsp; Mr. Kraws brings to the Board
significant strategic, business and financial experience related to the business and financial issues facing pharmaceutical companies.
Mr.&nbsp;Kraws has a broad understanding of the operational, financial and strategic issues facing pharmaceutical companies.&nbsp;
Through his services as the Company&rsquo;s Vice President of Business Development during 2006 and a part of 2007, he developed
extensive knowledge of Synthetic Biologics&rsquo; business.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Steve H. Kanzer, C.P.A,
J.D.</I></B>&nbsp;Mr. Kanzer is a co-founder and served as our President from our inception in February of 2001 until May of
2006.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Since January 2, 2012, Mr. Kanzer has served as our Interim Director of our Biologics Division. Mr.
Kanzer previously served as our Chief Executive Officer from September of 2004 until November of 2008, Chairman of the Board
until February 6, 2010 and currently serves as a director. Mr. Kanzer has also been a director and officer of our
subsidiaries, including Solovax, Inc., Effective Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Putney Drug Corp., Epitope Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and
CD4 Biosciences, Inc. Since December 2000, he has served as co-founder and Chairman of Accredited Ventures Inc. and
Accredited Equities Inc., a venture capital firm and investment bank, respectively, which both specialize in the
biotechnology industry. Prior to founding Accredited Ventures and Accredited Equities in December 2000, Mr. Kanzer served as
Senior Managing Director-Head of Venture Capital at Paramount Capital from 1991 until December of 2000. While at Paramount
Capital, Mr. Kanzer was involved in the formation and financing of a number of biotechnology companies and held various
positions in these companies. Prior to joining Paramount Capital in 1992, Mr. Kanzer was an attorney at the law firm
of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher &amp; Flom in New York where he specialized in mergers and acquisitions. Mr. Kanzer received
a J.D. from New York University School of Law in 1988 and a B.B.A. in Accounting from Baruch College in 1985, where he was a
Baruch Scholar. Mr. Kanzer is active in university-based pharmaceutical technology licensing and has served as Co-Chair of
the New York Chapter of the Licensing Executives Society.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Mr.&nbsp;Kanzer has been
associated with the Company since inception, initiated and negotiated our syntnetic biology collaboration with Intrexon and
brings to the Board extensive knowledge about our business operations and in particular our licenses and
products.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Mr.&nbsp;Kanzer also brings to the Board significant executive leadership and operational
experience.&nbsp; Mr.&nbsp;Kanzer&rsquo;s legal background provides him with a broad understanding of the legal issues facing
Synthetic Biologics, the financial markets and the financing opportunities available to Synthetic Biologics.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>James S. Kuo, M.D.</I></B> Dr. Kuo
has been a director since February of 2007 and since February 3, 2012 has been a consultant to the Company. From February 6, 2010
until February 3, 2012, Dr. Kuo served as our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and President. He also served as
our Chairman of the Board from February 6, 2010 until November 2011. Dr Kuo was the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Cordex
Pharma, Inc., a public biopharmaceutical company, from September of 2007 until February 1, 2010 and remained as a director until
March 13, 2010. From 2003 to 2006, he served as founder, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of BioMicro Systems, Inc,. a private
venture-backed, microfluidics company.&nbsp;&nbsp;Prior to that time, Dr. Kuo was a founder, President and Chief Executive Officer
of Discovery Laboratories, Inc. where he raised over $22 million in initial private funding and was instrumental in the company
going public. Dr. Kuo was also a founder and board member of Monarch Labs, LLC, a private medical device company. Dr. Kuo is the
former Managing Director of Venture Analysis for Healthcare Ventures, LLC, which managed $378 million in venture funds. He has
also been a senior licensing and business development executive at Pfizer, Inc., where he was directly responsible for cardiovascular
licensing and development. After studying molecular biology and receiving his B.A. at Haverford College, Dr. Kuo simultaneously
earned an M.D. from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine and an M.B.A. from the Wharton School of Business.&nbsp;&nbsp;He
holds a B.A. in molecular biology from Haverford College. From 2004 until October of 2009 Dr. Kuo also served as a director of
Soligenix, Inc.</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Dr. Kuo brings to the Board significant
executive leadership and operational experience.&nbsp; Dr.&nbsp;Kuo&rsquo;s prior business experience and board service, along
with his tenure at the Company, gives him a broad and extensive understanding of our operations and the proper role and function
of the Board.&nbsp;&nbsp;His prior service on the board of other public companies has provided him with a strong corporate governance
expertise. In addition, his medical background allows him to bring to the Board extensive knowledge about our industry. Due to
his business background, he has a broad understanding of the operational, financial and strategic issues facing public companies.&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Nelson K. Stacks.</I> </B>Mr.
Stacks has been a director since February 3, 2012.&nbsp; Mr. Stacks currently serves as CEO and Director of WaveGuide
Corporation, a technology spin out from Harvard University. From July 2009 to August 2011,  Mr. Stacks has served as the
President, CEO and Director of Vascular Pathways Incorporated, a venture capital funded medical device company and as a
venture partner with QBF/QIC, a life science venture fund. Prior thereto, Mr. Stacks has held several positions in several
biotech companies.&nbsp; From April 2006 until December 2010 he served as the Chairman of Xbio Systems Pty Ltd, an Australian
software company with a financial and integrated drug development program. From May 2007 until July 2009, Mr. Stacks served
as the Chairman and CEO of Telesso Technologies Limited, a publicly listed Australian healthcare company.&nbsp; From March
2006 until August 2008 he also served as CEO and Executive Director of Xenome Limited, an Australian biotech company as well
as director of Columna an Australian medical device company. &nbsp;In 2011, he was appointed a Director of Molecular Insight
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a company focused on cancer diagnostics and therapeutic treatments. In addition, Over his career, Mr.
Stacks has been a venture capitalist, most recently as the General Partner at 3i Ventures and earlier at Oak Investment
Partners. Mr. Stacks is a member of the fourth class of Kauffman Fellows and has invested in all areas of healthcare and
information technology. Mr. Stacks received an M.B.A. from the F.W. Olin Graduate School of Business at Babson College and a
BA from The University of Rochester.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Mr. Stacks brings to our Board extensive
executive and senior management experience in the biotech industry and is an &ldquo;audit committee financial expert&rdquo; as
such term is defined under applicable SEC rules. He is further qualified for service on our Board because of his relevant business
expertise and leadership experience acquired through his experience serving on several boards of directors of other healthcare-related
companies.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Scott L. Tarriff.</I> </B><FONT STYLE="color: black">Mr.
Tarriff has been a director since February 3, 2012.&nbsp; Since January 2007 he has served as a director and Chief Executive Officer
of Eagle Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a hospital specialty company. Eagle is focused on developing branded parenteral products through
the application of various in-licensed drug delivery technologies. Prior to forming Eagle, Mr. Tarriff was president and chief
executive officer of Par Pharmaceutical Companies, Inc. Mr. Tarriff joined Par Pharmaceutical Companies, Inc., in 1998 as executive
vice president. Mr. Tarriff was named president and Chief Executive Officer of Par Pharmaceutical, Inc., the company&rsquo;s principal
operating subsidiary, in 2001, and was elected to the company&rsquo;s Board of Directors in 2002. In September 2003, he was appointed
President and Chief Executive Officer of Par Pharmaceutical Companies, Inc. Mr. Tarriff joined Par following a 12-year career at
Bristol-Meyers Squibb. He received his M.B.A. from Rider College and his undergraduate degree from Pennsylvania State University.
</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Mr. Tarriff brings to our Board of Directors
significant knowledge of and experience in the pharmaceutical and medical industries. He has extensive business, managerial, executive
and leadership experience that further qualify him to serve as a member of the Board and a valuable understanding of the role played
by the Board of Directors acquired through service on the boards of many companies. He has had a <FONT STYLE="color: black">long
and successful career in top executive leadership positions with leading, publicly traded pharmaceutical companies including Par
Pharmaceuticals and Bristol-Myers Squibb.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>Jeffrey Wolf,
J.D.</I>&nbsp;</B> Mr. Wolf has substantial experience in creating, financing, nurturing and growing new ventures based upon
breakthrough research and technology. In August 2008, Mr. Wolf founded Heat Biologics, Inc., a company engaged in research
and development of drugs focused on combating cancer and other diseases. Since April 2010, Mr. Wolf has served as the Chief
Executive Officer of Heat Biologics, Inc.&nbsp;From 2006 until April 2010, Mr. Wolf served as the Chairman and Chief Executive
Officer of GenerationOne, a company that was focused on mobile-based collaborative care.&nbsp;Mr. Wolf is the founding partner of
Seed-One Ventures, LLC, a venture capital group formed in 1997 and focused on seed-stage technology-based investments. Mr.
Wolf has been a founder of Elusys Therapeutics, Inc., an antibody-based therapeutic company, Tyrx Pharma, Inc., a
biopolymer-based company, Sensatex, Inc., a medical device company and Generation Mobile, Inc. a telecommunications company.
Prior to founding Seed-One Ventures, Mr. Wolf served as the Managing Director of The Castle Group, Ltd., a biomedical venture
capital firm. At both organizations, Mr. Wolf was responsible for supervising the formation and funding of new technology,
biomedical, and service oriented ventures. Mr. Wolf currently sits on the board of Elusys Therapeutics and Netli, Inc. Mr.
Wolf received an M.B.A. from Stanford Business School, a J.D. from New York University School of Law and a B.A. with honors
in Economics from the University of Chicago.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Mr. Wolf has extensive knowledge of
the industry and in particular research and development.&nbsp;&nbsp;His legal and business background provide him with a broad
understanding of the legal, operational, financial and strategic issues facing Synthetic Biologics.&nbsp;&nbsp;Having served as
a board member on other public company boards, Mr. Wolf has an extensive understanding of the operational, financial and strategic
issues facing public companies.&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Directors&rsquo; Term of Office</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Directors will hold office until the next
annual meeting of stockholders and the election and qualification of their successors. Officers are elected annually by our Board
of Directors and serve at the discretion of the Board of Directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Audit Committee</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Audit Committee is comprised of Mr.
Wolf and Mr. Stacks. The Audit Committee is responsible for recommending our independent public accounting firm and reviewing management&rsquo;s
actions in matters relating to audit functions. The Committee reviews with our independent public accountants the scope and results
of the audit engagement and the system of internal controls and procedures. The Committee also reviews the effectiveness of procedures
intended to prevent violations of laws. The Committee also reviews, prior to publication, our reports on Form 10-K and Form 10-Q.
Our Board has determined that all audit committee members are independent under applicable SEC regulations. Our Board of Directors
has determined that Mr. Stacks qualifies as an &ldquo;audit committee financial expert&rdquo; as that term is used in Section 407
of Regulation S-K.&nbsp;&nbsp;Our Audit Committee charter is located on our website www.syntheticbiologics.com.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Compensation Committee</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our Compensation Committee consists of
Mr. Wolf and Mr. Kraws. This committee performs several functions, including reviewing all forms of compensation provided to our
executive officers, directors, consultants and employees, including stock compensation. Our Compensation Committee charter is located
on our website www.syntheticbiologics.com.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Nominations Committee</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Our Nominations Committee consists of Mr.
Wolf and Mr. Kraws. This committee performs several functions, including identifying qualified individuals to become members of
the Board and recommending appointments to the Board and appointment of executive officers. The committee seeks individuals who
have an inquisitive and objective perspective, practical wisdom and mature judgment, and the talent and expertise to understand,
and provide sound and prudent guidance with respect to, our activities, operations and interests.&nbsp;&nbsp;Candidates must also
be individuals who have the highest personal and professional integrity, who have demonstrated exceptional ability and judgment,
and who are likely to be the most effective, in conjunction with the other members of the Board, in collectively serving the long-term
interests of stockholders. Our Nominations Committee charter is located on our website www.syntheticbiologics.com.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting
Compliance</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 requires our executive officers, directors and persons who beneficially own more than 10 percent of a registered class
of the Synthetic Biologics&rsquo; equity securities, to file with the SEC initial reports of ownership and reports of changes in
ownership of our common stock.&nbsp;&nbsp;Such officers, directors and persons are required by SEC regulation to furnish us with
copies of all Section 16(a) forms that they file with the SEC.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Based solely on a review of the copies
of such forms that were received by us, or written representations from certain reporting persons that no Form 5s were required
for those persons, we are not aware of any failures to file reports or report transactions in a timely manner during the year ended
December 31, 2011.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Code of Ethics</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We have long maintained a Code of Conduct
which is applicable to all of our directors, officers and employees.&nbsp;&nbsp;In addition, we have adopted a Code of Ethics for
Financial Management which applies to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Controller.&nbsp;&nbsp;Each
of these codes is posted on our website at www.syntheticbiologics.com.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Item 11.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Executive
Compensation</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B>Summary Compensation Table</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following table summarizes all compensation
awarded to, earned by or paid to Max Lyon and James S. Kuo, M.D.,  during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 or 2010.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Name&nbsp;and&nbsp;Principal&nbsp;Position</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Year</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Salary&nbsp;($)</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Bonus&nbsp;($)</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Options<BR> Awards($)&nbsp;&nbsp;(1)</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">All&nbsp;Other<BR> Compensation<BR> ($)&nbsp;&nbsp;(2)</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Total&nbsp;($)</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 32%; text-align: left">James S. Kuo, M.D., President,</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%; text-align: right">2011</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 5%; text-align: right">199,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">12,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 7%; text-align: right">211,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">CEO and CFO</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">2010</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"></FONT> <FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">179,000</FONT> <FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">(3)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">20,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">328,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">10,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">527,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Max Lyon, Former President,</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">2010</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">43,000</FONT> </TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">(4)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">43,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Former CEO and Former CFO</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(1)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Amount reflects the grant date fair value of the named executive officer&rsquo;s stock options, calculated in accordance with
FASB ASC Topic 718.&nbsp;&nbsp;For a discussion of the assumptions used in calculating these values, see Note&nbsp;6 to our consolidated
financial statements</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(2)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The all other compensation column is comprised of the portion of medical, dental and vision
                                                                premiums                                                                 paid by us on behalf of our named executive officer.
                                                                These benefits are offered to all full-time Synthetic Biologics
                                                                employees.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(3)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Dr. Kuo resigned as our President, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer on February 3, 2012.&nbsp;Dr. Kuo remains
as a consultant to the Company.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(4)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Mr. Lyon resigned as our President, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer effective as of February 10, 2010.
This amount represents the amount earned by Mr. Lyon prior to his resignation and severance in the amount of $23,000 paid in shares
of our common stock.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year End</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The table below reflects all outstanding
equity awards made to each of the named executive officers that are outstanding at&nbsp;December 31,&nbsp;2011. We currently grant
stock-based awards pursuant to our 2010 Stock Incentive Plan (the &ldquo;2010 Stock Plan&rdquo;) and have outstanding awards under
our 2001 Stock Incentive Plan (the &ldquo;2001 Stock Plan&rdquo;) and 2007 Stock Incentive Plan (the &ldquo;2007 Stock Plan&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ALIGN="CENTER" STYLE="width: 95%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; text-decoration: none">
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; text-decoration: none">Name</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-decoration: none">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-decoration: none"><B>Grant&nbsp;</B>&nbsp;<B>Date&nbsp;(1)</B></TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-decoration: none">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-decoration: none">Number&nbsp;of&nbsp;Securities<BR>
    Underlying<BR> Unexercised&nbsp;Options<BR> Exercisable</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-decoration: none">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-decoration: none">Number&nbsp;of&nbsp;Securities<BR>
    Underlying<BR> Unexercised&nbsp;Options<BR> Unexercisable</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-decoration: none">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-decoration: none">Option<BR> Exercise<BR> Price&nbsp;($)</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-decoration: none">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-decoration: none">Option<BR> Expiration<BR> Date</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: left">James S. Kuo</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%; text-align: center">02/06/10 </TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%">(2)</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right">275,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right">125,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right">0.82</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%; text-align: center">02/06/20</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">12/22/09</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">8,333</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">0.53</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">12/22/19</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">10/02/08</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">8,333</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">0.53</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">10/02/18</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">11/02/07</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">8,333</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">5.85</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">11/02/17</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right"></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">02/07/07</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">25,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">3.87</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center">02/07/17</TD></TR>
</TABLE>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(1)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Unless otherwise noted, options vest immediately on the date of grant.</TD></TR>                                                                                                                                                    <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>(2)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">These options vest 100,000
shares immediately and the remainder in equal monthly installments over a three-year period beginning on the date of grant.</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Employment Agreements</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On February 3, 2012, Jeffrey Riley was
appointed to serve as our Chief Executive Officer and President, and on February 6, 2012, C. Evan Ballantyne was appointed to serve
as our Chief Financial Officer. On February 3, 2012, James S. Kuo, M.D., resigned as our Chief Executive Officer, President and
Chief Financial Officer. Dr. Kuo remains as a consultant to the Company. On February 6, 2010, Max Lyon resigned as President, Chief
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, and James S. Kuo, M.D., was thereby appointed Chairman, Chief Executive Officer,
Chief Financial Officer and President. The following are summaries of the agreements that were executed in connection with these
changes.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Jeffrey Riley Employment Agreement</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In connection with his appointment, Mr.
Riley entered into a three-year employment agreement with us (the &ldquo;Riley Employment Agreement&rdquo;). Pursuant to the Riley
Employment Agreement, Mr. Riley will be entitled to an annual base salary of $348,000 and will be eligible for discretionary performance
and transactional bonus payments. Additionally, Mr. Riley was granted options to purchase 750,000 shares of our common stock with
an exercise price equal to our per share market price on the date of issue. These options will vest pro rata, on a monthly basis,
over thirty-six months. The Riley Employment Agreement also includes confidentiality obligations and inventions assignments by
Mr. Riley.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If Mr. Riley&rsquo;s employment is terminated
for any reason, he or his estate as the case may be, will be entitled to receive the accrued base salary, vacation pay, expense
reimbursement and any other entitlements accrued by him to the extent not previously paid (the &ldquo;Accrued Obligations&rdquo;);
<U>provided</U>, <U>however</U>, that if his employment is terminated (1) by us without Just Cause (as defined in the Riley Employment
Agreement) or by Mr. Riley for Good Reason (as defined in the Riley Employment Agreement) then in addition to paying the Accrued
Obligations, (x) we shall continue to pay his then current base salary and continue to provide benefits at least equal to those
which were provided at the time of termination for a period of six months and (y) he shall have the right to exercise any vested
options until the earlier of the expiration of the severance or the expiration of the term of the option, or (2) by reason of his
death or Disability (as defined in the Riley Employment Agreement), then in addition to paying the Accrued Obligations, he would
have the right to exercise any vested options until the expiration of the term of the option. In such event, if Mr. Riley commenced
employment with another employer and becomes eligible to receive medical or other welfare benefits under another employer-provider
plan, the medical and other welfare benefits to be provided by us as described herein will terminate.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>&nbsp;</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><B><I>C. Evan Ballantyne Employment Agreement</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Effective February 6, 2012, C. Evan Ballantyne
was appointed our Chief Financial Officer. In connection with his appointment, Mr. Ballantyne entered into a three-year employment
agreement with us (the &ldquo;Ballantyne Employment Agreement&rdquo;). Pursuant to the Ballantyne Employment Agreement, Mr. Ballantyne
will be entitled to an annual base salary of $298,000 and will be eligible for discretionary performance and transactional bonus
payments. Additionally, Mr. Ballantyne was granted options to purchase 425,000 shares of our common stock with an exercise price
equal to our per share market price on the date of issue. These options will vest pro rata, on a monthly basis, over thirty-six
months. The Ballantyne Employment Agreement also includes confidentiality obligations and inventions assignments by Mr. Ballantyne.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If Mr. Ballantyne&rsquo;s employment is
terminated for any reason, he or his estate as the case may be, will be entitled to receive the accrued base salary, vacation pay,
expense reimbursement and any other entitlements accrued by him to the extent not previously paid (the &ldquo;Accrued Obligations&rdquo;);
<U>provided</U>, <U>however</U>, that if his employment is terminated (1) by us without Just Cause (as defined in the Ballantyne
Employment Agreement) or by Mr. Ballantyne for Good Reason (as defined in the Ballantyne Employment Agreement) then in addition
to paying the Accrued Obligations, (i) we shall continue to pay his then current base salary and continue to provide benefits at
least equal to those which were provided at the time of termination for a period of six months and (ii) he shall have the right
to exercise any vested options until the earlier of the expiration of the severance or the expiration of the term of the option,
or (2) by reason of his death or Disability (as defined in the Ballantyne Employment Agreement), then in addition to paying the
Accrued Obligations, he would have the right to exercise any vested options until the expiration of the term of the option. In
such event, if Mr. Ballantyne, commenced employment with another employer and becomes eligible to receive medical or other welfare
benefits under another employer-provider plan, the medical and other welfare benefits to be provided by us as described herein
will terminate.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Dr. Kuo&rsquo;s Agreements</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Effective February 3, 2012, James S. Kuo,
M.D., resigned from his positions as our President and Chief Executive Officer. In connection with his resignation, Dr. Kuo entered
into a nine-month consulting agreement with us (the &ldquo;Consulting Agreement&rdquo;). Pursuant to the Consulting Agreement,
Dr. Kuo will be entitled to a consulting fee of $16,666 per month during the term of the Consulting Agreement, receive health and
dental benefits for one year and retain the right to exercise the stock options held by him that have vested as of the effective
date of the Consulting Agreement for a period expiring on the date that is one (1) year from the effective date of the Consulting
Agreement. The Consulting Agreement also includes confidentiality obligations and inventions assignments by Dr. Kuo.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">In February 2010, Dr. Kuo had entered into
a three-year employment agreement with us (the &ldquo;Kuo Employment Agreement&rdquo;).&nbsp;&nbsp;Pursuant to the Kuo Employment
Agreement, Dr. Kuo was entitled to an annual base salary of $199,000 and was eligible for discretionary performance and transactional
bonus payments.&nbsp;&nbsp;Additionally, Dr. Kuo was granted an initial stock option to purchase 400,000 shares of our common stock
(with an exercise price of $0.82, the fair market value on February 6, 2010, which is the date of grant).&nbsp;&nbsp;Of this stock
option grant, 300,000 shares vested prior to his resignation</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><I>Mr. Lyon&rsquo;s Agreement</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">In connection with his resignation, Mr. Lyon received $23,000
paid in shares of our common stock, as a severance payment.&nbsp;&nbsp;This payment was made pursuant to a Separation Agreement,
dated February 6, 2010, between Mr. Lyon and us.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Compensation of Directors</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The following table sets forth information for the fiscal year
ended December 31, 2011 regarding the compensation of our directors who at December 31, 2011 were not also named executive officers.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 90%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Name</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Fees&nbsp;Earned&nbsp;or<BR> Paid&nbsp;in&nbsp;Cash</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Option<BR> Awards(1)</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Other<BR> Compensation</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Total</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 44%; text-align: left">Steve H. Kanzer</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: right">13,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 14%; text-align: right">37,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: right">50,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Jeffrey J. Kraws</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">12,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">37,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">49,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Jeffrey Riley(2)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">14,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">85,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">99,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Jeffrey Wolf</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">17,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">37,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">-</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">54,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0; text-align: justify"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify">(1)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The amounts in the &ldquo;Option awards&rdquo; column reflect the dollar amounts recognized as compensation expense for the
financial statement reporting purposes for stock options for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011 in accordance with SFAS 123(R).
The fair value of the options was determined using the Black-Scholes model.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0; text-align: justify"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in; text-align: justify">(2)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">In consideration of Jeffrey Riley serving as our independent, non-executive Chairman, in
                                                                                                      November 2011 we issued Jeffrey Riley options exercisable for an additional 100,000 shares of our common stock.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">During 2007, director compensation for
independent members was approved at $2,000 per board meeting that they attend in person, $1,000 per telephonic board meeting and
$500 per committee meeting.&nbsp;&nbsp;In addition, we grant independent members of the Board of Directors upon appointment 25,000
stock options to purchase shares of our common stock at an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the our common stock
on the date of grant, and an additional 8,333 stock options each year.&nbsp;&nbsp;We also reimburse directors for travel and other
out-of-pocket expenses incurred in attending Board of Director and committee meetings.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Equity Compensation Plan Information</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following table sets forth information
about the securities authorized for issuance under our equity compensation plans for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Plan&nbsp;Category</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Number&nbsp;of&nbsp;Securities<BR> to&nbsp;be&nbsp;Issued&nbsp;Upon<BR> Exercise&nbsp;of<BR> Outstanding&nbsp;Options</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Weighted-<BR> Average<BR> Exercise&nbsp;Price&nbsp;of<BR> Outstanding<BR> Options</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Number&nbsp;of&nbsp;Securities<BR> Remaining&nbsp;Available&nbsp;for<BR> Future&nbsp;Issuance&nbsp;Under<BR> Equity&nbsp;Compensation<BR> Plans</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Equity compensation plans approved by stockholders:</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="width: 31%; text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">2001 Stock Incentive Plan</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 20%; text-align: right">1,320,354</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 20%; text-align: right">1.15</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 20%; text-align: right">22,690</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">2007 Stock Incentive Plan</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,201,156</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1.67</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,033,932</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 9pt">2010 Stock Incentive Plan</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">457,400</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1.05</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">2,542,500</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Equity compensation plans not approved by stockholder</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">N/A</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">N/A</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">N/A</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: -0.12in">Total</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; padding-left: -0.12in">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">2,979,010</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">1.46</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&nbsp;&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">3,599,122</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Item 12.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Security
Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following table sets forth information,
as of March 26, 2012, or as otherwise set forth below, with respect to the beneficial ownership of our common stock (i) all persons
know to us to be the beneficial owners of more than 5% of the outstanding shares of our common stock, (ii) each of our directors
and our executive officer named in the Summary Compensation Table, and (iii) all of our directors and our executive officer as
a group.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 8.2pt; text-align: center"><B>Principal&nbsp;Stockholders&nbsp;Table</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD NOWRAP>&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Shares&nbsp;Owned&nbsp;(1)</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Name&nbsp;and&nbsp;Address&nbsp;of&nbsp;Beneficial&nbsp;Ownership&nbsp;(2)</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Number&nbsp;of&nbsp;Shares</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Percentage&nbsp;of<BR> Shares&nbsp;(3)</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 76%; text-align: left; padding-left: 0.4pt">Accredited Venture Capital, LLC (4)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">7,086,380</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">21.67</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 0.4pt">Intrexon Corporation (5)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">3,123,558</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">9.55</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 0.4pt">C. Evan Ballantyne (6)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">35,417</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">*</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 0.4pt">Steve H. Kanzer (7)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">7,766,017</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">23.53</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 0.4pt">Jeffrey J. Kraws (8)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">287,105</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">*</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 0.4pt">James S. Kuo (9)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">329,499</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1.00</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 0.4pt">Jeffrey Riley (10)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">158,333</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">*</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Nelson K. Stacks (11)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">25,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">*</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">Scott L. Tarriff (12)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">25,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">*</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 0.4pt">Jeffrey Wolf (13)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">83,332</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">*</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 0.4pt">Randall J. Kirk(14)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">3,123,558</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">9.55</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-left: 0.4pt">All officers and directors as a group (8 persons)</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">8,709,703</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">25.66</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">* represents less than 1% of our common stock</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(1)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The address for each beneficial owner except Intrexon Corporation and Randall J. Kirk is 3985 Research Park Drive, Suite 200,
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108.The address for Intrexon Corporation is 20358 Seneca Meadows Pkwy, Germantown, Maryland 20876 and the
address for Mr. Kirk is The Governor Tyler, 1881 Grove Avenue, Radford, Maryland 24141.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(2)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with SEC rules and generally includes voting or investment power with respect
to securities. Except as indicated in the footnotes to the table, to the knowledge of the Company, the persons named in the table
have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of common stock shown as beneficially owned by them, subject to
community property laws, where applicable. Pursuant to the rules of the SEC, the number of shares of our common stock deemed outstanding
includes shares issuable pursuant to options held by the respective person or group that are currently exercisable or may be exercised
within 60 days of March 26, 2012.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(3)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">As of March 26, 2012, we had 32,701,984 shares of common stock outstanding.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(4)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Consists of 7,086,380 shares of common stock issued to Accredited Venture Capital, LLC. Pharmainvestors, LLC is the managing
member of Accredited Venture Capital, LLC, and Mr. Kanzer is the managing member of Pharmainvestors, LLC. As such, Mr. Kanzer may
be considered to have control over the voting and disposition of the shares registered in the name of Accredited Venture Capital,
LLC, and therefore, such shares are also included in the shares listed as held by Mr. Kanzer. Mr. Kanzer disclaims beneficial ownership
of those shares, except to the extent of his pecuniary interest.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(5)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Does not include additional shares that have not yet been earned but may in the future be earned under the terms of agreements
with Intrexon Corporation.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(6)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Includes 35,417 shares issuable upon exercise of options held by Mr. Ballantyne that are exercisable within the 60-day period
following March 26, 2012. Does not include an additional 389,583 shares issuable upon exercise of options held by Mr. Ballantyne
that are not exercisable within the 60-day period following March 26, 2012.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(7)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Includes 7,086,380 shares of common stock issued to Accredited Venture Capital, LLC and 304,391 shares issuable upon exercise
of options held by Mr. Kanzer that are exercisable within the 60-day period following March 26, 2012.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(8)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Includes 287,105 shares issuable upon exercise of options held by Mr. Kraws that are exercisable within the 60-day period following
March 26, 2012.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(9)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Includes 324,999 shares issuable upon exercise of options held by Dr. Kuo that are currently exercisable.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(10)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Includes 158,333 shares issuable upon exercise of options held by Mr. Riley that are exercisable within the 60-day period following
March 26, 2012. Does not include an additional 750,000 shares issuable upon exercise of options held by Mr. Riley that are not
exercisable within the 60-day period following March 26, 2012.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(11)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Includes 25,000 shares issuable upon exercise of options held by Mr. Stacks that are exercisable within the 60-day period following
March 26, 2012.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(12)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Includes 25,000 shares issuable upon exercise of options held by Mr. Tarriff that are
                                                                exercisable within the 60-day period following March 26, 2012.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(13)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Includes 83,332 shares issuable upon exercise of options held by Mr. Wolf that are exercisable within the 60-day period following
March 26, 2012.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(14)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">All such shares are held by Intrexon Corporation. Mr. Kirk, directly and through certain affiliates, has voting and disposition
power over a majority of the outstanding capital of Intrexon Corporation. Mr. Kirk disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares
held by Intrexon Corporation, except to the extent of any pecuniary interest therein.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Item 13.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Certain
Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to our charter, our Audit Committee
shall review on an on-going basis for potential conflicts of interest, and approve if appropriate, all our &ldquo;Related Party
Transactions&rdquo; as required by Section 120 of the NYSE Amex Company Guide.&nbsp;&nbsp;For purposes of the Audit Committee Charter,
&ldquo;Related Party Transactions&rdquo; shall mean those transactions required to be disclosed pursuant to SEC Regulation S-K,
Item 404. On January 2, 2012, Steve H. Kanzer was engaged as our Interim Director of our Biologics Division.&nbsp; In connection
with his appointment, Mr. Kanzer entered into a six month employment agreement with us on a full time basis (the &ldquo;Kanzer
Employment Agreement&rdquo;), which may be extended for an additional three (3) months upon consent&nbsp; of the parties. Pursuant
to the Kanzer Employment Agreement, Mr. Kanzer will be entitled to a base salary of $90,000 for the term, healthcare coverage pursuant
to our healthcare insurance plan, reimbursement for certain relocation expenses and rent expense. The Kanzer Employment Agreement
also includes confidentiality obligations and inventions assignments by Mr. Kanzer.&nbsp; Mr. Kanzer is not entitled to severance
pay upon termination of his employment.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Item 14.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Principal
Accountant Fees and Services</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Berman &amp; Company, P.A. serves as our independent registered
public accounting firm.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Fees and Services</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The following table sets forth the aggregate
fees including expenses billed to us for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 by Berman &amp; Company, P.A.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 60%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD NOWRAP>&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">December&nbsp;31,<BR> 2011</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" NOWRAP STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">December&nbsp;31,<BR> 2010</TD><TD NOWRAP STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 64%; text-align: left">Audit Fees and Expenses(1)</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 15%; text-align: right">88,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="width: 15%; text-align: right">86,000</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Audit Related Fees(2)</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">1,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">2,000</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,255,204)">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">89,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</TD><TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">88,000</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(1)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Audit fees and expenses were for professional services rendered for the audit and reviews of the consolidated financial statements
of the Company, professional services rendered for issuance of consents and assistance with review of documents filed with the
SEC.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 1in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(2)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">The audit related fees were for professional services rendered for additional filing and consents for registration statements
and forms in connection with equity offerings filed with the SEC.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The Audit Committee has adopted procedures
for pre-approving all audit and non-audit services provided by the independent registered public accounting firm, including the
fees and terms of such services. These procedures include reviewing detailed back-up documentation for audit and permitted non-audit
services. The documentation includes a description of, and a budgeted amount for, particular categories of non-audit services that
are recurring in nature and therefore anticipated at the time that the budget is submitted. Audit Committee approval is required
to exceed the pre-approved amount for a particular category of non-audit services and to engage the independent registered public
accounting firm for any non-audit services not included in those pre-approved amounts. For both types of pre-approval, the Audit
Committee considers whether such services are consistent with the rules on auditor independence promulgated by the SEC and the
PCAOB. The Audit Committee also considers whether the independent registered public accounting firm is best positioned to provide
the most effective and efficient service, based on such reasons as the auditor&rsquo;s familiarity with our business, people, culture,
accounting systems, risk profile, and whether the services enhance our ability to manage or control risks and improve audit quality.
The Audit Committee may form and delegate pre-approval authority to subcommittees consisting of one or more members of the Audit
Committee, and such subcommittees must report any pre-approval decisions to the Audit Committee at its next scheduled meeting.
All of the services provided by the independent registered public accounting firm were pre-approved by your Audit Committee.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PART IV</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Item 15.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<I>Exhibits
and Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K</I></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.6in">(a)(1)</TD><TD>The following financial statements are included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.6in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">1.</TD><TD>Independent Auditor&rsquo;s Report</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.6in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">2.</TD><TD>Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2011 and 2010</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.6in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">3.</TD><TD>Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.6in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">4.</TD><TD>Consolidated Statements of changes in Stockholders&rsquo; Equity for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.6in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">5.</TD><TD>Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.6in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">6.</TD><TD>Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(a)(2)</TD><TD>All financial statement schedules have been omitted as the required information is either inapplicable or included in the Consolidated
Financial Statements or related notes.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">(a)(3)</TD><TD>The following exhibits are either filed as part of this report or are incorporated herein by reference:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">3.1</TD><TD>Certificate of Incorporation, as amended (Incorporated by reference to (i)&nbsp;Exhibit 3.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current
Report on Form 8-K filed October 16, 2008, (ii)&nbsp;Exhibit&nbsp;3.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for
the quarterly period ended June 30, 2001 filed August 14, 2001 and (iii)&nbsp;Exhibits 3.1, 4.1 and 4.2 of the Registrant&rsquo;s
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 1998 filed August 14, 1998)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">3.2</TD><TD>Articles of Merger (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K filed October
19, 2009.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">3.3</TD><TD>Certificate of Merger filed with the Secretary of State of Delaware (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 of the Registrant&rsquo;s
Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 19, 2009.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">3.4</TD><TD>Articles of Incorporation filed with the Nevada Secretary of State (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 of the Registrant&rsquo;s
Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 19, 2009.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">3.5</TD><TD>By-Laws (Incorporated by reference to (i) Exhibit 3.4 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 19,
2009 and (ii) Exhibit 3.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K filed June 3, 2010. )</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">3.6</TD><TD>Amended and Restated Bylaws Adopted and Effective October 31, 2011 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s
Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 2, 2011.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">3.7</TD><TD>Certificate of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current
Report on Form 8-K filed February 16, 2012.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">4.1</TD><TD>Form of Warrant Certificate (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K
filed December 1, 2006.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">*4.2</TD><TD>2001 Stock Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Registration Statement on Form
S-8 filed January 18, 2008.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">*4.3</TD><TD>2007 Stock Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Registration Statement on Form
S-8 filed January 18, 2008.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">*4.4</TD><TD>2010 Stock Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Registration Statement on Form
S-8 filed November 29, 2010.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">4.5</TD><TD>Form of Warrant Certificate issued to Enclave Capital LLC (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 6, 2010.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">4.6</TD><TD>Form of Warrant to Purchase Common Stock issued January 2011(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Registrant&rsquo;s
Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 2, 2011.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">4.7</TD><TD>Form of Warrant to Purchase Common Stock issued April 2011(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Registrant&rsquo;s
Current Report on Form 8-K filed April 6, 2011.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">4.8</TD><TD>Form of Exchange Warrant to Purchase Common Stock issued in exchange of the Warrant issued April 2011(Incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 4.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2011 filed August 15, 2011.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">4.9</TD><TD>Form of Exchange Warrant to Purchase Common Stock issued in exchange of the Warrant issued February 2011(Incorporated by reference
to Exhibit 4.2 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2011 filed August 15, 2011.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: left">4.10</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Form of Warrant to Purchase Common Stock issued February 2012 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.10
of the Registrant&rsquo;s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 filed March 30, 2012.)</TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.1</TD><TD>Unit Purchase Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K filed
December 1, 2006.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.2</TD><TD>License Agreement between The Regents of the University of California and Epitope Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Incorporated by reference
to the Registrant&rsquo;s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2008 filed November 14, 2008.)</TD></TR></TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: left">*10.3</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Form of Director/Officer Indemnification Agreement
(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 6, 2009.)</TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.4</TD><TD>Warrant Cancellation and Registration Rights Agreement between Accredited Adventures Capital LLC and Adeona (Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K filed January 20, 2009.)*</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.5</TD><TD>Stock Purchase Agreement with Neil O. Colwell and Connie Colwell&nbsp;&nbsp;(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the
Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K filed April 16, 2009.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.6</TD><TD>Escrow Agreement Nayaran Torke (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on Form
8-K filed July 16, 2009.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.7</TD><TD>Consulting Agreement with Nayaran Torke (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report
on Form 8-K filed July 16, 2009.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.8</TD><TD>Purchase Agreement 1st Amendment HartLab LLC (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report
on Form 8-K filed July 16, 2009.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.9</TD><TD>Purchase Agreement 2nd Amendment Hartlab LLC (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report
on Form 8-K filed July 16, 2009.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.10</TD><TD>Agreement and Plan of Reincorporation Merger (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report
on Form 8-K filed October 19, 2009.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">*10.11</TD><TD>Employment Agreement with James S. Kuo, M.D., (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current
Report on Form 8-K filed February 9, 2010.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">*10.12</TD><TD>Separation Agreement with Max Lyons (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on
Form 8-K filed February 9, 2010.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.13</TD><TD>Sublicense Agreement between Meda AB, Adeona Pharamaceuticals, Inc. and Pipex Therapeutics, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 11, 2010.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.14</TD><TD>Non-Disturbance Agreement among Pipex Therapeutics, Inc., Mclean Hospital Corp and Meda AB (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.2 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K filed May 11, 2010.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: left">10.15</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Placement Agent Agreement with Enclave Capital LLC (Incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 1.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 6, 2010.)</TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: left">10.16</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Common Stock Purchase Agreement with Seaside 88,LP (Incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K filed July 6, 2010.)</TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<TD STYLE="width: 0in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in; text-align: left">10.17</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Agreement with Chardan Capital Markets, LLC (Incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 2, 2011.)</TD>
</TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.18</TD><TD>Securities Purchase Agreement with investors (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report
on Form 8-K filed February 2, 2011.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.19</TD><TD>McLean Hospital Corporation Exclusive License Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 of the Registrant&rsquo;s
Annual Report on Form 10-K filed March 31, 2011)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.20</TD><TD>Agreement with Chardan Capital Markets, LLC (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report
on Form 8-K filed April 6, 2011.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.21</TD><TD>Securities Purchase Agreement with investors (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report
on Form 8-K filed April 6, 2011.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.22</TD><TD>Exchange Agreement with respect to Warrant issued April 2011(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2011 filed August 15, 2011.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.23</TD><TD>Exchange Agreement with respect to Warrant issued February 2011(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Registrant&rsquo;s
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2011 filed August 15, 2011.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">                                                                                                                                          <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.24</TD><TD>Exclusive Cannel Collaboration Agreement with Intrexon Corporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s
Current Report on Form 8-K filed November 21, 2011.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.25</TD><TD>Stock Purchase Agreement with Intrexon Corporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current
Report on Form 8-K filed November 21, 2011.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.26</TD><TD>Registration Rights Agreement with Intrexon Corporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of the Registrant&rsquo;s
Current Report on Form 8-K filed November 21, 2011.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">*10.27</TD><TD>Employment Agreement with Jeffrey Riley (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report
on Form 8-K filed February 6, 2012.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.28</TD><TD>Consulting Agreement with Dr. James Kuo (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report
on Form 8-K filed February 6, 2012.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">*10.29</TD><TD>Employment Agreement with C. Evan Ballantyne (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report
on Form 8-K filed February 7, 2012.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">*10.30</TD><TD>Employment Agreement with Steve H. Kanzer (1)Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.304 of the Registrant's Annual Current ReReport on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 filed March 30, 2012.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.31</TD><TD>Membership Interest Purchase Agreement by and among Synthetic Biologics, Inc., Hartlab LLC, and Adeona Clinical Laboratory,
LLC, dated as of March 7, 2012 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K
filed March 12, 2012.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.32</TD><TD>Pledge and Security Agreement between Synthetic Biologics, Inc. and Hartlab, LLC dated as of March 7, 2012 (Incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 12, 2012.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">10.33</TD><TD>Non-Recourse Promissory Note between Synthetic Biologics, Inc. and Hartlab, LLC dated as of March 7, 2012 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 12, 2012.)</TD></TR>                                                                                                               <TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>10.34</TD><TD>Financial Advisory Agreement with Griffin Securities, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.34
of the Registrant&rsquo;s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 filed March 30, 2012.)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD>&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">21</TD><TD>List of Subsidiaries (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.34 of the Registrant&rsquo;s Annual Report
on Form 10-K filed March 30, 2012.)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">23.1</TD><TD>Consent of Independent Registered Accounting Firm (1)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">31.1</TD><TD>Certification of Jeffrey Riley, Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) (1)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">31.2</TD><TD>Certification of C. Evan Ballantyne, Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) (1)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">32.1</TD><TD>Certification of Jeffrey Riley, Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 1350 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002(1)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">32.2</TD><TD>Certification C. Evan Ballantyne, Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 1350 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002(1)</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.25in">**+101.INS&#9;XBRL Instance Document</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.25in">**+101.SCH&#9;XBRL Taxonomy Extension
Schema Document</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.25in">**+101.CAL&#9;XBRL Taxonomy Extension
Calculation Linkbase Document</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.25in">**+101.DEF&#9;XBRL Taxonomy Extension
Definition Linkbase Document</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.25in">**+101.LAB&#9;XBRL Taxonomy Extension
Label Linkbase Document</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 1in; text-indent: 0.25in">**+101.PRE&#9;XBRL Taxonomy Extension
Presentation Linkbase Document</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(1) Filed herewith.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">* Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement
required to be identified pursuant to Item 15(a)(3) of this report</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">** As provided in Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, this
information is deemed furnished and not filed for purposes of Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended,
and Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>SIGNATURES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">SYNTHETIC BIOLOGICS, INC.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%">By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 32%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid">/s/ Jeffrey Riley</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">Jeffrey Riley</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">Chief Executive Officer and Director</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">(Principal Executive Officer)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">Date: May 11, 2012</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%">By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 32%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid">/s/ C. Evan Ballantyne</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 15%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">C. Evan Ballantyne</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">Chief Financial Officer</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">(Principal Financial and Principal Accounting Officer)</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">Date: May 11, 2012</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1934,
this report has been signed by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 19%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%">By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 41%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid">/s/ Jeffrey Riley</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 36%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Date: May 11, 2012</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">Jeffrey Riley</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">Chief Executive Officer and Director</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">(Principal Executive Officer)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 19%">Date: May 11, 2012</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%">By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 41%">/s/ Jeffrey J. Kraws</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 36%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">Jeffrey J. Kraws</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">Chairman</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 19%">Date: May 11, 2012</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%">By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 41%">/s/ Steve H. Kanzer</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 36%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">Steve H. Kanzer</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">Director</TD></TR>
</TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 19%">Date: May 11, 2012</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 3%">By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; width: 41%">/s/ James S. Kuo</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 36%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">James S. Kuo</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">Director</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Date: May 11, 2012</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid">/s/ Nelson K. Stacks</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">Nelson K. Stacks</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">Director</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Date: May 11, 2012</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid">/s/ Scott L. Tarriff</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">Scott L. Tarriff</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">Director</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Date: May 11, 2012</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid">/s/ Jeffrey Wolf</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">Jeffrey Wolf</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3">Director</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>GLOSSARY</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">An application in the U.S. through which biologic sponsors formally
propose that the FDA approve a new biologic for sale and marketing.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">Term</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 69%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; font-weight: bold">Definition</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: top">Adverse Event</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Any adverse change in health or &ldquo;side-effect&rdquo; that occurs in a person participating in a clinical trial, from the time they consent to joining the trial until a pre-specified period of time after their treatment has been completed.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">AEN-100 (zinc)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Synthetic Biologics&rsquo; proprietary, once-daily, gastroretentive, sustained-release oral tablet formulation of zinc acetate.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">Bioavailability</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>The quantity or fraction of the ingested dose that is absorbed by the body.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: top">BLA - Biologics License Application</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>An application in the U.S. through which biologic sponsors formally propose that the FDA approve a new biologic for sale and marketing.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">Clinical Study/Trial</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>A research study that is conducted to find out if a treatment or procedure is safe and/or effective in humans.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: top">Controlled Clinical Trial</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>A clinical study that compares patients receiving a specific treatment to patients receiving an alternate treatment for the condition of interest. The alternate treatment may be another active treatment, standard of care for the condition and/or a placebo (inactive)&nbsp;treatment.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: top">Double-blinded Study/Trial</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Both the participant and the researcher are unaware of who is receiving the active treatment or the placebo.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: top">Effirma (flupirtine)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Proposed tradename of Synthetic Biologics&rsquo; centrally-acting investigational oral drug for the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: top">FDA - Food &amp; Drug Administration</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>The U.S. government agency that ensures that medicines, medical devices, prescription medical foods and radiation-emitting consumer products are safe and effective. Authorized by Congress to enforce the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and several other public health laws, the agency monitors the manufacture, import, transport, storage, and sale of $1 trillion worth of goods annually.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: top">Gastroretentive</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Medications designed to be retained in the upper gastrointestinal system.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: top">GMP - Good Manufacturing Practice</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Regulations that require that manufacturers, processors, and packagers of drugs, medical devices, some food, and blood take proactive steps to ensure that their products are consistently produced, pure, and stable. GMP regulations require a quality approach to manufacturing, enabling companies to minimize or eliminate instances of contamination, mix-ups, and errors.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: top">IND&nbsp;&nbsp;- Investigational New Drug</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>An application in the U.S. submitted to the FDA for a new drug or biologic that, if allowed, will be used in a clinical trial.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">IRB&nbsp;- Institutional Review Board</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>A committee designated to formally approve, monitor, and review biomedical research at an institution involving human studies. Institutional Review Boards aim to protect the rights and welfare of the research subjects.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: top">NDA - New Drug Application</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>An application in the U.S. through which drug sponsors formally propose that the FDA approve a new pharmaceutical for sale and marketing.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: top">Open-label Clinical Study/Trial</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>A trial in which both the treating physician and the patient know they are receiving the experimental treatment.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: top">Phase I Clinical Trial</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>A Phase I trial represents an initial study in a small group of patients to primarily test for safety.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: top">Phase II Clinical Trial</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>A Phase II trial represents a study in a larger number of patients to assess the safety and efficacy of a product.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: top">Phase III Clinical Trial</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Phase III trials are initiated to establish safety and efficacy in an expanded patient population and at multiple clinical trial sites and are generally larger than trials in earlier phases of development.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: top">Placebo</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>An inactive pill or liquid. Many studies compare an active drug to a placebo to determine whether any changes seen during the study can be attributed to the active drug.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: middle">Principal Investigator</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>This is the study director who is ultimately responsible for the conduct of the study.</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 30%; text-align: left; vertical-align: top">Prospective Clinical Study/Trial</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 69%">A clinical study/trial in which participants are identified and then followed throughout the study going forward in time.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: top">Protocol</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>A clinical study/trial&rsquo;s plan &mdash; includes the schedule of tests, requirements for participation, procedures, and medications.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: top">Randomized Study/Trial</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Participants in a study are assigned by chance to either one or more of the active treatment group(s) or the placebo group.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: top">Single-blinded Study/Trial</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>One party, either the participant or the researcher, does not know if the participant is taking the active treatment or the placebo.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: top">Study/Trial Coordinator</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Staff member who is often the primary contact for research participants and coordinates their care and evaluations throughout the study.</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: top"> Synthetic Biology</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Synthetic biology is an emerging field that combines molecular biology and automation to design, optimize and construct
    new     biological systems and functions. These technologies utilize a combination of
    automated     processes including, DNA sequencing, computer-aided design, DNA synthesis, fabrication of modular transgenes
    and high     throughput testing to create and optimize biologic products.

</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; vertical-align: top">Trimesta (oral estriol)</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Proposed tradename of Synthetic Biologics&rsquo; investigational oral drug for the treatment of relapsing- remitting MS.</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<TYPE>EX-23.1
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>v312270_ex23-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 23.1
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="margin: 0; text-align: right">Exhibit 23.1</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: left">&nbsp;<IMG SRC="bermanlogo.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Consent of Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">We consent to the use of our report dated
May 11, 2012 on the financial statements of Synthetic Biologics, Inc. as of December 31, 2011, and the related statements of operations,
stockholders&rsquo; equity and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2011, included herein on the registration statement of
Synthetic Biologics, Inc. on Forms S-3 and S-8, referenced herein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(i)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Registration Statement (Form S-8, No. 333-170858), which relates to the Registrant&rsquo;s 2010
Stock Incentive Plan.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(ii)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Registration Statement (Form S-8, No. 333-148764), which relates to the Registrant&rsquo;s 2001
Stock Incentive Plan and 2007 Stock Incentive Plan.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(iii)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Registration Statement (Form S-3, No. 333-166750), which relates to an indeterminate amount of
securities of the Registrant pursuant to which the Registrant has issued,</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(iv)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Registration Statement (Form S-3, No. 333-156973), which relates to the registration of 9,965,671
shares of common stock on behalf of selling stockholders.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in">(v)</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify">Registration Statement (Form S-3, No. 333-180562), which relates to the registration of 3,223,558
shares of common stock on behalf of selling stockholders.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Berman &amp; Company, P.A.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Certified Public Accountants</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><IMG SRC="newsig.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Boca Raton, Florida</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">May 11, 2012</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><IMG SRC="ex23logo.jpg" ALT="">&nbsp;</P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-31.1
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>v312270_ex31-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 31.1
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>EXHIBIT 31.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE
OFFICER</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14&nbsp;OR RULE
15d-14 OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934,</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF
THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify">I, Jeffrey Riley, certify that:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K/A of Synthetic Biologics, Inc.;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or
omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements
were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in
this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant
as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">4.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are&nbsp;responsible for establishing and
maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e))&nbsp;and internal control
over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f))&nbsp;for the registrant and have:</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">a)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures
to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material&nbsp;information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated
subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being
prepared;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">b)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over
financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial
reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">c)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant&rsquo;s disclosure controls and procedures and
presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the
period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">d)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial
reporting that occurred during the registrant&rsquo;s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant&rsquo;s fourth fiscal quarter
in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant&rsquo;s
internal control over financial reporting; and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I&nbsp;have&nbsp;disclosed, based on our most
recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant&rsquo;s auditors and the audit committee of the
registrant&rsquo;s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">a)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control
over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant&rsquo;s ability to record, process, summarize
and report financial information; and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">b)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant
role in the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">Date: May 11, 2012</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%">By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 46%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid">/s/&nbsp;Jeffrey Riley</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Name: Jeffrey Riley</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Title: Chief Executive Officer</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>(Principal Executive Officer)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-31.2
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>v312270_ex31-2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 31.2
<TEXT>
<HTML>
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<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>EXHIBIT 31.2</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL
OFFICER</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14&nbsp;OR RULE
15d-14 OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934,</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF
THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-align: justify">I, C. Evan Ballantyne, certify that:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">1.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K/A of Synthetic Biologics, Inc.;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">2.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or
omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements
were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">3.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in
this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant
as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0%"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">4.</TD><TD>The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are&nbsp;responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls
and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e))&nbsp;and internal control over financial reporting (as
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f))&nbsp;for the registrant and have:</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in"></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">a)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures
to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material&nbsp;information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated
subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being
prepared;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">b)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over
financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial
reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">c)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant&rsquo;s disclosure controls and procedures and
presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the
period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">d)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial
reporting that occurred during the registrant&rsquo;s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant&rsquo;s fourth fiscal quarter
in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant&rsquo;s
internal control over financial reporting; and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.25in"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5.</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on&nbsp;our most recent
evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant&rsquo;s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant&rsquo;s
board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">a)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control
over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant&rsquo;s ability to record, process, summarize
and report financial information; and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in; text-indent: -0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">b)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant
role in the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; font-size: 10pt">Date: May 11, 2012</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; font-size: 10pt">By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 46%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; font-size: 10pt">/s/&nbsp;C. Evan Ballantyne</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Name: C. Evan Ballantyne</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Title: Chief Financial Officer</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(Principal Financial Officer)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0"></P>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-32.1
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>v312270_ex32-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 32.1
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>EXHIBIT 32.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CERTIFICATION&nbsp;PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE
OFFICER</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS
ADOPTED PURSUANT TO</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT
OF 2002</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in">Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. &sect; 1350, as created by Section 906
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the undersigned officer of Synthetic Biologics, Inc. (the &ldquo;Registrant&rdquo;) hereby certifies,
to such officer&rsquo;s knowledge, that:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">the accompanying Annual Report on Form 10-K/A of the&nbsp;Registrant for the year ended December
31, 2011 (the &ldquo;Report&rdquo;) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d), as applicable, of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: -0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial
condition and results of operations of the Registrant.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Date: May 11, 2012</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 46%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid">/s/&nbsp;Jeffrey Riley</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Name: Jeffrey Riley</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Title: Chief Executive Officer</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>(Principal Executive Officer)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-32.2
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>v312270_ex32-2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 32.2
<TEXT>
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<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B>EXHIBIT 32.2</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CERTIFICATION&nbsp;PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL
OFFICER</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS
ADOPTED PURSUANT TO</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT
OF 2002</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.75in">Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. &sect; 1350, as created by Section 906
of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the undersigned officer of Synthetic Biologics, Inc. (the &ldquo;Registrant&rdquo;) hereby certifies,
to such officer&rsquo;s knowledge, that:</P>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">the accompanying Annual Report on Form 10-K/A of the&nbsp;Registrant for the year ended December
31, 2011 (the &ldquo;Report&rdquo;) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d), as applicable, of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TD STYLE="width: 0"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD><TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial
condition and results of operations of the Registrant.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

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<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>Date: May 11, 2012</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 46%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid">/s/&nbsp;C. Evan Ballantyne</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Name: C. Evan Ballantyne</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>Title: Chief Financial Officer</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD>(Principal Financial Officer)</TD></TR>
</TABLE>


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<TYPE>EX-101.INS
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	<us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2010" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">1014000</us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities>
	<us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2011" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">6979000</us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities>
	<us-gaap:CashPeriodIncreaseDecrease contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2010" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">-66000</us-gaap:CashPeriodIncreaseDecrease><us-gaap:CashPeriodIncreaseDecrease contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2011" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">4029000</us-gaap:CashPeriodIncreaseDecrease><us-gaap:InterestPaid contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2010" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">10000</us-gaap:InterestPaid>
	<us-gaap:InterestPaid contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2011" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:InterestPaid>
	<us-gaap:IncomeTaxesPaid contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2010" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:IncomeTaxesPaid>
	<us-gaap:IncomeTaxesPaid contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2011" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:IncomeTaxesPaid>
	<syn:ExchangeOfEquipment contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2010" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">64000</syn:ExchangeOfEquipment>
	<syn:ExchangeOfEquipment contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2011" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">0</syn:ExchangeOfEquipment>
	<syn:ReclassificationOfDerivativeLiabilityToAdditionalPaidInCapital contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2010" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">0</syn:ReclassificationOfDerivativeLiabilityToAdditionalPaidInCapital>
	<syn:ReclassificationOfDerivativeLiabilityToAdditionalPaidInCapital contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2011" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">1734000</syn:ReclassificationOfDerivativeLiabilityToAdditionalPaidInCapital>
	<us-gaap:OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2011">&lt;table style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.5in;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;1.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;b&gt;Organization and Nature of Operations and Basis of Presentation&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px 0pt 0.5in; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-indent: -0.5in;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Description of Business&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;Synthetic Biologics, Inc. (the &amp;#8220;Company&amp;#8221; or &amp;#8220;Synthetic Biologics&amp;#8221;), formerly Adeona Pharmaceuticals, Inc., is a biotechnology company focused on the development of synthetic DNA-based therapeutics and innovative disease-modifying medicines for serious illnesses. In the area of synthetic biology, the Company is initially developing a product candidate to treat PAH. The Company also intends to expand new and existing collaborations in the synthetic biology area. In addition, Synthetic Biologics has several clinical-stage programs that are being funded, or partially funded, by grants, charitable organizations and corporate partners. In this area we are developing, or have partnered the development of, product candidates to treat relapsing-remitting MS, cognitive dysfunction in MS, fibromyalgia and ALS.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; width: 25%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; text-align: center;"&gt;Medical Indication&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 2%; text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; width: 25%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; text-align: center;"&gt;Product Candidate&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 2%; text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; width: 46%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; text-align: center;"&gt;Status&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;PAH&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;Synthetic DNA-based therapy&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;Preclinical&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;Relapsing-remitting MS&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: center;"&gt;Trimesta&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: center;"&gt;(estriol)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;All patients enrolled in Phase II clinical trial; &lt;br  /&gt;dosing and monitoring underway&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;Cognitive dysfunction in &lt;br  /&gt;MS&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: center;"&gt;Trimesta&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: center;"&gt;(estriol)&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;Patient enrollment underway in Phase II &lt;br  /&gt;clinical trial&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;Fibromyalgia&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;Effirma&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;Partnered with Meda AB&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;(oral flupirtine)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;ALS&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;AEN-100&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;Clinical trial preparation underway&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;(gastroretentive zinc acetate)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;On December 21, 2011, Synthetic Biologics announced that the Board of Directors had taken several actions to prioritize its focus on our entry into the emerging field of synthetic biology. The Company also announced that it intends to seek marketing partners for its zinc-based products &lt;i&gt;reaZin&lt;/i&gt;&amp;#8482; and &lt;i&gt;wellZin&lt;/i&gt;&amp;#8482;.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Basis of Presentation and Corporate Structure&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;As of December 31, 2011, the Company had eight active subsidiaries, Pipex Therapeutics, Inc. (&amp;#8220;Pipex Therapeutics&amp;#8221;), Adeona Clinical Laboratory (formerly Hart Lab, LLC), Effective Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (&amp;#8220;EPI&amp;#8221;), Solovax, Inc. (&amp;#8220;Solovax&amp;#8221;), CD4 Biosciences, Inc. (&amp;#8220;CD4&amp;#8221;), Epitope Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (&amp;#8220;Epitope&amp;#8221;), Healthmine, Inc. (&amp;#8220;Healthmine&amp;#8221;) and Putney Drug Corp. (&amp;#8220;Putney&amp;#8221;). As of December 31, 2011, EPI, Adeona Clinical Laboratory, Healthmine and Putney are wholly owned and Pipex Therapeutics, Solovax, CD4 and Epitope are majority-owned.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;For financial reporting purposes, the outstanding common stock of the Company is that of Synthetic Biologics, Inc. All statements of operations, stockholders&amp;#8217; equity and cash flows for each of the entities are presented as consolidated. All subsidiaries were formed under the laws of the State of Delaware on January 8, 2001, except for EPI, which was incorporated in Delaware on December 12, 2000, Epitope which was incorporated in Delaware in January of 2002, Putney which was incorporated in Delaware in November of 2006, Healthmine which was formed in Delaware in December of 2007 and Adeona Clinical Laboratory which was incorporated in Illinois as a limited liability company on August 8, 2005.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;On March 8, 2012, the Company sold all of its interest in Adeona Clinical Laboratory, LLC (the &amp;#8220;Lab&amp;#8221;) to Hartlab, LLC, an entity controlled by the Lab&amp;#8217;s former owner, in consideration for (i) the immediate assignment of the Lab&amp;#8217;s outstanding accounts receivable up through the date of closing, plus (ii) $700,000 payable pursuant to the terms of a two-year non-recourse promissory note secured by all the assets of the Lab. Accordingly, this business has been presented in the consolidated financial statements as discontinued operations. This transaction is described in more detail in Note 3 &amp;#8211; Discontinued Operations of Adeona Clinical Laboratory.&lt;/div&gt;</us-gaap:OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock>
	<us-gaap:DisposalGroupsIncludingDiscontinuedOperationsDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2011">&lt;table style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.5in;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;3.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;b&gt;Discontinued Operations of Adeona Clinical Laboratory&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px 0pt 0.5in; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-indent: -0.5in;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px 0pt 0.5in; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-indent: -0.5in;"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;On March 8, 2012, the Company sold all of its interest in Adeona Clinical Laboratory, LLC (the &amp;#8220;Lab&amp;#8221;) to Hartlab, LLC, an entity controlled by the Lab&amp;#8217;s former owner. In connection with the sale of the Lab, the consideration received was (i) the immediate assignment of the Lab&amp;#8217;s outstanding accounts receivable up through the date of closing, plus (ii) $700,000 payable pursuant to the terms of a two-year non-recourse promissory note secured by all of the assets of the Lab.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;In accordance with ASC Topic 205-20 &amp;#8220;&lt;i&gt;Presentation of Financial Statements&amp;#8212;Discontinued Operations&lt;/i&gt;&amp;#8221; (ASC 205-20), the Company determined that the sale of the Lab should be classified as &amp;#8220;held for sale&amp;#8221; at December 31, 2011. In accordance with ACS 205-20 all of the following criteria must be met for an entity to be classified as &amp;#8220;held for sale&amp;#8221;:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.5in;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.5in; text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Management, having the authority to approve the action, commits to a plan to sell the asset.&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;table style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.5in;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.5in; text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: justify;"&gt;The asset is available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such assets.&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;table style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.5in;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.5in; text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: justify;"&gt;An active program to locate a buyer and other actions required to complete the plan to sell the asset have been initiated.&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;table style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.5in;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.5in; text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: justify;"&gt;The sale of the asset is probable, and transfer of the asset is expected to qualify for recognition as a complete sale within one year.&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;table style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.5in;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.5in; text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: justify;"&gt;The asset is being actively marketed for sale at a price that is reasonable in relation to its current fair value.&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;The Company determined that all the criteria had been met and has classified the Lab as discontinued operations and its results of operations, financial position and cash flows&lt;/font&gt; &lt;font style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;are separately reported for all periods presented. The assets and liabilities of the discontinued operations are presented separately under the captions &amp;#8220;Assets of&lt;/font&gt; &lt;font style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;discontinued operations&amp;#8221; and &amp;#8220;Liabilities of discontinued operations,&amp;#8221; respectively, in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2011,&lt;/font&gt; &lt;font style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;and December 31, 2010, and consist of the following &lt;i&gt;(in thousands&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;i&gt;):&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px 0pt 0.5in; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-indent: -0.5in;"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px 0pt 0.5in; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-indent: -0.5in;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 80%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="6"&gt;December 31,&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font-style: italic;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;2011&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;2010&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;Assets of discontinued operations:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 9pt; width: 70%; text-align: left;"&gt;Property and equipment, net&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;"&gt;23&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;"&gt;36&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;Goodwill&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;178&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;Total assets&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;23&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;214&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;Liabilities of discontinued operations:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;Current portion of capital lease&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;24&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;Total liabilities&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;24&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;The summarized statement of operations data for Adeona Clinical Laboratory for the years ended December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 are as follows &lt;i&gt;(in thousands):&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 80%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="6"&gt;December 31,&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font-style: italic;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;2011&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;2010&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 70%; text-align: left;"&gt;Laboratory fees, net&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;"&gt;1,169&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;"&gt;551&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;Operating Costs and Expenses:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-align: left;"&gt;General and administrative&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;539&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;599&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-align: left;"&gt;Cost of&amp;#160; laboratory services&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;975&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;468&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;Impairment loss on goodwill&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;178&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 9pt; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;Total operating costs and expenses&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;1,692&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;1,067&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;Loss from discontinued operations&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;(523&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;(516&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:DisposalGroupsIncludingDiscontinuedOperationsDisclosureTextBlock>
	<us-gaap:SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2011">&lt;table style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.5in;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;b&gt;Summary of Significant Accounting Policies&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px 0pt 0.5in; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-indent: -0.5in;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Principles of Consolidation&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;All inter-company transactions and accounts have been eliminated in consolidation.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Emerging from the Development Stage&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;During the second quarter of 2010, the Company emerged from the development stage.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;A development-stage enterprise is one in which planned principle operations have not commenced or if its operations have commenced, there has been no significant revenue.&amp;#160;&amp;#160; The Company&amp;#8217;s strategy is to license product candidates that have demonstrated a certain level of clinical efficacy and develop them to a stage that results in a significant commercial collaboration.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;On May 6, 2010, the Company entered into a Sublicense Agreement (the &amp;#8220;Meda Agreement&amp;#8221;) with Meda&amp;#160;AB of Sweden (&amp;#8220;Meda&amp;#8221;) and received an up-front payment of $2.5 million. The execution of the Meda Agreement combined with revenues from Adeona Clinical Laboratory were an indication of the commencement of principal operations, and therefore development-stage reporting was no longer required.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Use of Estimates&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S.A. requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Such estimates and assumptions impact, among others, the following: the amount allocated to goodwill, the estimated useful lives for property and equipment, fair value of warrants and stock options granted for services or compensation, respectively, estimates of the probability and potential magnitude of contingent liabilities, and the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets due to continuing and expected future operating losses.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the consolidated financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;Accounts receivable were reported at realizable value, net of allowances for doubtful accounts, which were estimated and recorded in the period the related revenue was recorded. The Company estimated and reviewed the collectability of its receivables based on a number of factors, including the period they were outstanding. Historical collection and payer reimbursement experience was an integral part of the estimation process related to allowances for doubtful accounts associated with Adeona Clinical Laboratory. In addition, the Company regularly assessed the state of its billing operations in order to identify issues, which impacted the collectability of these receivables or reserve estimates. Revisions to the allowances for doubtful accounts estimates were recorded as an adjustment to bad debt expense. Receivables deemed uncollectible were charged against the allowance for doubtful accounts. Recoveries of receivables previously written-off are recorded as credits to the allowance for doubtful accounts.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Revenue Recognition&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The Company records revenue when all of the following have occurred: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (2) the service is completed without further obligation, (3) the sales price to the customer is fixed or determinable, and (4) collectability is reasonably assured.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;The Company recognizes milestone payments or upfront payments that have no contingencies as revenue when payment is received.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;For the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company&amp;#8217;s only stream of revenue was laboratory revenue. During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company&amp;#8217;s streams of revenue were license revenue, laboratory revenue and grant revenue.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;Laboratory revenues are a component of discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010. See Note 3 &amp;#8211; Discontinued Operations of Adeona Clinical Laboratory.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;License Revenues&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The Company&amp;#8217;s licensing agreements may contain multiple elements, such as non-refundable up-front fees, payments related to the achievement of particular milestones and royalties. Fees associated with substantive at risk performance-based milestones are recognized as revenue upon completion of the scientific or regulatory event specified in the agreement. When the Company has substantive continuing performance obligations under an arrangement, revenue is recognized over the performance period of the obligations using a time-based proportional performance approach. Under the time-based method, revenue is recognized over the arrangement&amp;#8217;s estimated performance period based on the elapsed time compared to the total estimated performance period. Revenue recognized at any point in time is limited to the amount of non-contingent payments received or due. When the Company has no substantive continuing performance obligations under an arrangement, it recognizes revenue as the related fees become due.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;Revenues from royalties on third-party sales of licensed technologies are generally recognized in accordance with the contract terms when the royalties can be reliably determined and collectibility is reasonably assured. To date, the Company has not received any royalty revenues.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;On May 6, 2010, the Company entered into the Meda Agreement for the development and commercialization of Effirma (oral flupirtine) for fibromyalgia.&amp;#160; As consideration for the sublicense, the Company received an up-front payment of $2.5 million upon execution of the Meda Agreement. This payment was recorded as license revenue in 2010. Pursuant to the Company&amp;#8217;s license agreement with McLean Hospital, the Company paid 15% of the $2.5 million payment ($375,000), that was netted against the revenues received from Meda AB. The Company is also entitled to additional milestone payments of $5 million upon filing of an NDA with the U.S. FDA for oral flupirtine for fibromyalgia and $10 million upon marketing approval. The Meda Agreement also provides that the Company is entitled to receive net royalties of 7% of net sales of oral flupirtine approved for the treatment of fibromyalgia covered by issued patent claims in the U.S. and Japan.&amp;#160;The Meda Agreement provides that Meda AB will assume all future development costs for the commercialization of oral flupirtine for fibromyalgia. Pursuant to the terms of the Company&amp;#8217;s agreement with McLean Hospital, the Company is obligated to pay half of all future royalties the Company receives.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;Future milestone payments will be recorded as revenue when payment is received as there are no future deliverables, and it is non-refundable.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;i&gt;Laboratory Revenues&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The Company primarily recognized revenue for services rendered upon completion of the testing process. Billing for services reimbursed by third-party payers, including Medicare and Medicaid, were recorded as revenues, net of allowances for differences between amounts billed and the estimated receipts from such payers.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The Company maintained a sales allowance to compensate for the difference in its billing practices and insurance company reimbursements. In determining this allowance, the Company looked at several factors, the most significant of which is the average difference between the amount charged and the amount reimbursed by insurance carriers over the prior 12 months, otherwise known as the yearly average adjustment amount. The allowance taken was the averaged yearly average adjustment amount for these prior periods and multiplied by the period&amp;#8217;s actual gross sales to determine the actual sales allowance for each period.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The Company generated reimbursement from&amp;#160;three significant insurance providers in 2011 and 2010.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 60%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;"&gt;Customer&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;2011&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;2010&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 33%; text-align: center;"&gt;A&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 31%; text-align: center;"&gt;70%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;"&gt;65%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;B&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;4%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;11%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;C&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;19%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;14%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Grant Revenues&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;On November 4, 2010, the Company was awarded two grants totaling $489,000 under the Qualifying Therapeutic Discovery Project (QTDP) Program to support the Company&amp;#8217;s clinical programs. The QTDP Grants Program was included in the healthcare reform legislation and established a one-time pool of $1 billion for grants to small biotechnology companies developing novel therapeutics which show potential to: (a)&amp;#160;result in new therapies that either treat areas of unmet medical need, or prevent, detect, or treat chronic or acute diseases and conditions; (b)&amp;#160;reduce long-term health care costs in the U.S.; or (c)&amp;#160;significantly advance the goal of curing cancer within a 30-year period.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;All grant income was recognized in 2010 and there are no future obligations associated with these grants.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;During 2010 and March 2011, all amounts awarded under these grants had been received. See Note 9 regarding the taxability of grant revenues.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Revenues, net (in thousands)&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 80%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="6"&gt;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;2011&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;2010&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: left;"&gt;License revenue&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15%; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15%; text-align: right;"&gt;2,500&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;License fees&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;(375&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;License revenue, net&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;2,125&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;Grant revenue&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;489&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;Total revenues, net&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;2,614&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Risks and Uncertainties&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The Company's operations could be subject to significant risks and uncertainties including financial, operational and regulatory risks and the potential risk of business failure. The global economic crisis has caused a general tightening in the credit markets, lower levels of liquidity, increases in the rates of default and bankruptcy, and extreme volatility in credit, equity and fixed income markets. These conditions may not only limit our access to capital, but also make it difficult for our customers, our vendors and us to accurately forecast and plan future business activities.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Cash and Cash Equivalents&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;Cash and cash equivalents include cash and highly liquid short-term investments with original maturities of three months or less.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;At December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, the Company had no cash equivalents.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Classification of Marketable Securities as Held to Maturity, Trading, and Available for Sale&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The Company determines the appropriate classification of its investments in debt and equity securities at the time of purchase and reevaluates such determinations at each balance sheet date. Debt securities are classified as held to maturity when the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold the securities to maturity. Debt securities for which the Company does not have the intent or ability to hold to maturity are classified as available for sale. Held to maturity securities are recorded as either short-term or long-term on the balance sheet, based on contractual maturity date and are stated at amortized cost. Marketable securities that are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term are classified as trading securities and are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses recognized in earnings. Debt and marketable equity securities not classified as held to maturity or as trading, are classified as available for sale, and are carried at fair market value, with the unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, included in the determination of comprehensive income and reported in shareholders&amp;#8217; equity. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, the Company had no marketable securities.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company held investments in marketable securities that were classified as held to maturity and consisted of corporate bonds and certificates of deposits as follows &lt;i&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/i&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style="width: 60%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;December 31, 2011&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 72%; text-align: justify;"&gt;Purchase of short-term investments&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 25%; text-align: right;"&gt;(4,370&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;Amortization of premium on investments&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;57&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;Proceeds from short-term investments&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;4,293&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;Loss on sale of short-term investments&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;20&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;Fair value&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Property and Equipment&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;Property and equipment is recorded at cost and depreciated or amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the asset or the underlying lease term for leasehold improvements, whichever is shorter. The estimated useful life by asset description is noted in the following table.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 70%; border-collapse: collapse;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; width: 48%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; text-align: center;"&gt;Asset&amp;#160;Description&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 4%; text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; width: 48%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; text-align: center;"&gt;Estimated&amp;#160;Useful&amp;#160;Life&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Office equipment and furniture&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;5&amp;#160;&amp;#160;years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Laboratory equipment&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;7-10 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Manufacturing equipment&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;10 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Leasehold improvements and fixtures&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;Lesser of estimated useful or life of lease&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;Depreciation expense was approximately $144,000 and $346,000 for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. When assets are disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts. Repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;During 2010, the Company reviewed property and equipment for impairment and determined that certain items had been impaired due to obsolescence. As a result of this review, the Company recorded an impairment loss of approximately $121,000. For the year ended December 31, 2011, there were no significant events or changes in circumstances identified by the Company that would indicate that the carrying value of an asset was not recoverable.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Long-Lived Assets&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If such an event or change in circumstances occurs and potential impairment is indicated because the carrying values exceed the estimated future undiscounted cash flows of the asset, the Company will measure the impairment loss as the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds its fair value.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Goodwill&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;Goodwill was not amortized, and was tested for impairment at the reporting unit level annually and in interim periods if certain events occur indicating that the carrying value of goodwill was impaired. A reporting unit was an operating segment for which discrete financial information was available and was regularly reviewed by management. The Company had one reporting unit, Adeona Clinical Laboratory, to which goodwill was assigned.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;ASC No. 350 requires a two-step approach to test goodwill for impairment for each reporting unit. The first step tests for impairment by applying fair value-based tests to a reporting unit. The second step, if deemed necessary, measures the impairment by applying fair value-based tests to specific assets and liabilities within the reporting unit. Application of the goodwill impairment tests require judgment, including identification of reporting units, assignment of assets and liabilities to each reporting unit, assignment of goodwill to each reporting unit, and determination of the fair value of each reporting unit. The determination of fair value for a reporting unit could be materially affected by changes in these estimates and assumptions.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;At December 31, 2011, in connection with the Company classifying Adeona Clinical Laboratory as discontinued operations, previously recorded goodwill was considered impaired. See Note 3 &amp;#8211; Discontinued Operations of Adeona Clinical Laboratory.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Beneficial Conversion Feature&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;For conventional convertible debt where the rate of conversion is below market value, the Company records a "beneficial conversion feature" (BCF) and related debt discount.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;When the Company records a BCF, the relative fair value of the BCF would be recorded as a debt discount against the face amount of the respective debt instrument. The discount would be amortized to interest expense over the life of the debt.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Derivative Liabilities&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;Fair value accounting requires bifurcation of embedded derivative instruments such as conversion features in convertible debt or equity instruments, and measurement of their fair value for accounting purposes. In&amp;#160;determining the appropriate fair value, the Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model. In&amp;#160;assessing the convertible debt instruments, management determines if the convertible debt host instrument is conventional convertible debt and further if there is a beneficial conversion feature requiring measurement. If the instrument is not considered conventional convertible debt, the Company will continue its evaluation process of these instruments as derivative financial instruments.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;Once determined, derivative liabilities are adjusted to reflect fair value at each reporting period end, with any increase or decrease in the fair value being recorded in results of operations as an adjustment to fair value of derivatives. In&amp;#160;addition, the fair value of freestanding derivative instruments such as warrants, are also valued using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Debt Issue Costs and Debt Discount&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The Company may pay debt issue costs, and record debt discounts in connection with raising funds through the issuance of convertible debt.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;These costs are amortized over the life of the debt to interest expense. If&amp;#160;a conversion of the underlying debt occurs, a proportionate share of the unamortized amounts is immediately expensed.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Original Issue Discount&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;For certain convertible debt issued, the Company may provide the debt holder with an original issue discount.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;The original issue discount was recorded to debt discount reducing the face amount of the note and is being amortized to interest expense over the life of the debt.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Net Earnings (Loss) per Share&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;Net earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net earnings (loss) less preferred dividends for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) less preferred dividends by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding including the effect of common share equivalents.&amp;#160;Since the Company reported a net loss for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, all common equivalent shares would be anti-dilutive; as such there is no separate computation for diluted loss per share. The number of options and warrants for the purchase of common stock, that were excluded from the computations of net loss per common share for the year ended December 31, 2011 were 2,979,010 and 3,259,186, respectively, and for the year ended December 31, 2010 were 1,990,444 and 1,070,472, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Research and Development Costs&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The Company expenses research and development costs as incurred. Research and development expenses consist primarily of license fees, manufacturing costs, salaries, stock-based compensation and related personnel costs, fees paid to consultants and outside service providers for laboratory development, legal expenses resulting from intellectual property prosecution and other expenses relating to the design, development, testing and enhancement of the Company&amp;#8217;s product candidates.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Fair Value of Financial Instruments&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The fair value accounting standards define fair value as the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is determined based upon assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. Fair value measurements are rated on a three-tier hierarchy as follows:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.25in;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.25in;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Level 1 inputs: Quoted prices (unadjusted)&amp;#160;for identical assets or liabilities in active markets;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px 0pt 0.5in; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-indent: -0.25in; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.25in;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.25in;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Level 2 inputs: Inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable either directly or indirectly; and&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px 0pt 0.5in; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-indent: -0.25in; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.25in;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.25in;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Level 3 inputs: Unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data, which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px 0pt 0.5in; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-indent: -0.25in; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;In many cases, a valuation technique used to measure fair value includes inputs from multiple levels of the fair value hierarchy described above. The lowest level of significant input determines the placement of the entire fair value measurement in the hierarchy.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The carrying amounts of the Company&amp;#8217;s short-term financial instruments, including accounts receivable, other current assets, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, approximate fair value due to the relatively short period to maturity for these instruments.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Stock-Based Payment Arrangements&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;Generally, all forms of stock-based payments, including stock option grants, warrants, restricted stock grants and stock appreciation rights are measured at their fair value on the awards&amp;#8217; grant date typically using a Black-Scholes pricing model, based on the estimated number of awards that are ultimately expected to vest. Stock-based compensation awards issued to non-employees for services rendered are recorded at either the fair value of the services rendered or the fair value of the stock-based payment, whichever is more readily determinable. The expense resulting from stock-based payments are recorded in research and development expense or general and administrative expense in the consolidated statement of operations, depending on the nature of the services provided.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Income Taxes&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with accounting guidance now codified as FASB ASC Topic 740, &amp;#8220;&lt;i&gt;Income Taxes&lt;/i&gt;,&amp;#8221; which requires that the Company recognize deferred tax liabilities and assets based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities, using enacted tax rates in effect in the years the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred income tax benefit (expense) results from the change in net deferred tax assets or deferred tax liabilities. A valuation allowance is recorded when it is more likely than not that some or all deferred tax assets will not be realized.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;Accounting guidance now codified as FASB ASC Topic 740-20, &lt;i&gt;&amp;#8220;Income Taxes &amp;#8211; Intraperiod Tax Allocation,&amp;#8221;&lt;/i&gt; clarifies the accounting for uncertainties in income taxes recognized in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740-20 by prescribing guidance for the recognition, de-recognition and measurement in financial statements of income tax positions taken in previously filed tax returns or tax positions expected to be taken in tax returns, including a decision whether to file or not to file in a particular jurisdiction. FASB ASC Topic 740-20 requires that any liability created for unrecognized tax benefits is disclosed. The application of FASB ASC Topic 740-20 may also affect the tax bases of assets and liabilities and therefore may change or create deferred tax liabilities or assets. The Company would recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, the Company did not record any liabilities for uncertain tax positions.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Recent Accounting Pronouncements&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;In May 2011, the FASB issued guidance in regard to fair value measurement. The new guidance results in a consistent definition of fair value and common requirements for measurement of and disclosure about fair value between GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). This guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company&amp;#8217;s financial position or results of operations.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;In September 2011, the FASB issued guidance in regard to goodwill impairment. The new guidance is intended to reduce the cost and complexity of the annual goodwill impairment test by providing entities with the option of performing a "qualitative" assessment to determine whether further impairment testing is necessary. An entity can choose to perform the qualitative assessment on none, some, or all of its reporting units. Moreover, an entity can bypass the qualitative assessment for any reporting unit in any period and proceed directly to step one of the impairment test, and then perform the qualitative assessment in any subsequent period. The new guidance is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company&amp;#8217;s financial position or results of operations.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Reclassifications&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;To conform prior period amounts to current year classifications, the Company has reclassified assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses associated with the sale of Adeona Clinical Laboratory to discontinued operations. These reclassifications had no impact on the Company&amp;#8217;s previously reported financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock>
	<us-gaap:SupplementalBalanceSheetDisclosuresTextBlock contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2011">&lt;table style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.5in;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;4.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;b&gt;Selected Balance Sheet Information&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px 0pt 0.5in; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-indent: -0.5in;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Accounts receivable (in thousands)&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 85%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="6"&gt;December 31,&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;2011&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;2010&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 70%; text-align: justify;"&gt;Accounts receivable&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;"&gt;692&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;"&gt;472&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;Bad debt allowance - customer&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;(287&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;(133&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;405&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;339&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Other current assets (in thousands)&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 80%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="6"&gt;December 31,&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;2011&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;2010&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 70%; text-align: justify;"&gt;Grant receivable&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;"&gt;320&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;Prepaid expenses&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;16&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;23&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;16&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;343&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Property and equipment (in thousands)&amp;#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 80%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="6"&gt;December 31,&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;2011&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;2010&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 70%; text-align: justify;"&gt;Leasehold improvements&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;"&gt;863&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Manufacturing equipment&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;400&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;333&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: justify;"&gt;Computer and office equipment&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;159&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;160&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;Laboratory equipment&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;136&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;214&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;695&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;1,570&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;Less accumulated depreciation&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;(372&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;(1,095&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;323&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;475&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Accrued expenses (in thousands)&amp;#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 80%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="6"&gt;December 31,&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;2011&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;2010&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 70%; text-align: justify;"&gt;Accrued vendor payments&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;"&gt;1&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;"&gt;105&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Bonus&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;100&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;Compensation&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;28&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;5&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: justify;"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;29&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;210&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</us-gaap:SupplementalBalanceSheetDisclosuresTextBlock>
	<us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2011">&lt;table style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.5in;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;5.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;b&gt;Stock-Based Compensation&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px 0pt 0.5in; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-indent: -0.5in;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Stock Incentive Plan&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;During 2001, the Company&amp;#8217;s Board of Directors and stockholders adopted the 2001 Stock Incentive Plan (the &amp;#8220;2001 Stock Plan&amp;#8221;). As of the date of the merger, there were 1,489,353 options issued and outstanding under the 2001 plan. The total number of shares of stock with respect to which stock options and stock appreciation rights may be granted to any one employee of the Company or a subsidiary during any one-year period under the 2001 Stock Plan shall not exceed 250,000. All awards pursuant to the 2001 Stock Plan shall terminate upon the termination of the grantee&amp;#8217;s employment for any reason. Awards include options, restricted shares, stock appreciation rights, performance shares and cash-based awards (the &amp;#8220;Awards&amp;#8221;). The 2001 Stock Plan contains certain anti-dilution provisions in the event of a stock split, stock dividend or other capital adjustment, as defined in the plan. The 2001 Stock Plan provides for a Committee of the Board to grant awards and to determine the exercise price, vesting term, expiration date and all other terms and conditions of the awards, including acceleration of the vesting of an award at any time. As of December 31, 2011, there were 1,320,354 options issued and outstanding under the 2001 Stock Plan.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;On March 20, 2007, the Company&amp;#8217;s Board of Directors approved the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan (the &amp;#8220;2007 Stock Plan&amp;#8221;) for the issuance of up to 2,500,000 shares of common stock to be granted through incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, dividend equivalent rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and other stock-based awards to officers, other employees, directors and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries. This plan was approved by stockholders on November 2, 2007. The exercise price of stock options under the 2007 Stock Plan is determined by the compensation committee of the Board of Directors, and may be equal to or greater than the fair market value of the Company&amp;#8217;s common stock on the date the option is granted. The total number of shares of stock with respect to which stock options and stock appreciation rights may be granted to any one employee of the Company or a subsidiary during any one-year period under the 2001 plan shall not exceed 250,000. Options become exercisable over various periods from the date of grant, and generally expire ten years after the grant date. As of December 31, 2011, there are 1,201,156 options issued and outstanding under the 2007 Stock Plan.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;On November 2, 2010, the Board of Directors and stockholders adopted the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan (&amp;#8220;2010 Stock Plan&amp;#8221;) for the issuance of up to 3,000,000 shares of common stock to be granted through incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, dividend equivalent rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and other stock-based awards to officers, other employees, directors and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries. The exercise price of stock options under the 2010 Stock Plan is determined by the compensation committee of the Board of Directors, and may be equal to or greater than the fair market value of the Company&amp;#8217;s common stock on the date the option is granted. Options become exercisable over various period from the date of grant, and generally expire ten years after the grant date. As of December 31, 2011, there are 457,500 options issued and outstanding under the 2010 Stock Plan.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;In the event of an employee&amp;#8217;s termination, the Company will cease to recognize compensation expense for that employee. There is no deferred compensation recorded upon initial grant date, instead, the fair value of the stock-based payment is recognized ratably over the stated vesting period.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The Company has applied fair value accounting for all share based payment awards since inception. The fair value of each option or warrant granted is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Black-Scholes assumptions used in the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 80%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="6"&gt;Year&amp;#160;ended&amp;#160;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2"&gt;2011&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2"&gt;2010&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Exercise price&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;$0.49 - $2.22&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;$0.56 - $0.87&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 54%; text-align: left;"&gt;Expected dividends&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 20%; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;0%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 20%; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;0%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;Expected volatility&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;175% - 188%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;187% - 207%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;Risk fee interest rate&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;1.30% - 3.58%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;2.54% - 3.63%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;Expected life of option&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;5 - 7 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;10 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;Expected forfeitures&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;0%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;0%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The Company records stock-based compensation based upon the stated vested provisions in the related agreements, with recognition of expense recorded on the straight line basis over the term of the related agreement. The vesting provisions for these agreements have various terms as follows:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.75in;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.25in;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;immediate vesting,&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;table style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.75in;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.25in;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;half vesting immediately and the remainder over three years,&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;table style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.75in;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.25in;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;quarterly over three years,&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;table style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.75in;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.25in;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;annually over three years,&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;table style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.75in;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.25in;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;one-third immediate vesting and remaining annually over two years,&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;table style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.75in;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.25in;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;one half immediate vesting with remaining vesting over nine months,&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;table style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.75in;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.25in;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;one quarter immediate vesting with the remaining over three years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;table style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.75in;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.25in;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;one quarter immediate vesting with the remaining over 33 months; and&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;table style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.75in;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.25in;"&gt;&lt;font style="font-family: symbol;"&gt;&amp;#183;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;monthly over three years.&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px 0pt 1in; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-indent: -0.25in;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;During 2011, the Company granted 557,002 options to employees and consultants having an approximate fair value of $609,000 based upon the Black-Scholes option pricing model.&amp;#160; During 2010, the Company granted 743,332 options to employees and consultants having an approximate fair value of $597,000 based upon the Black-Scholes option pricing model.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;"&gt;Weighted&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;"&gt;Average&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Weighted&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;"&gt;Remaining&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Aggregate&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Average&amp;#160;Exercise&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;"&gt;Contractual&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Intrinsic&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Options&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Price&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;"&gt;Life&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Value&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 40%;"&gt;Balance &amp;#8211; December 31, 2009&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 12%; text-align: right;"&gt;2,561,332&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 12%; text-align: right;"&gt;1.26&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-decoration: none;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 14%; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; text-decoration: none;"&gt;7.16 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 12%; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;304,000&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Granted&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;743,332&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;0.80&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Exercised&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;(255,954&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;0.44&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;Forfeited&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;(509,619&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;0.69&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;Balance &amp;#8211; December 31, 2010&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;"&gt;2,539,091&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;"&gt;1.32&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-decoration: none;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; text-decoration: none;"&gt;6.97 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;1,028,000&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Granted&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;557,002&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;1.26&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Exercised&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;(23,333&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;0.57&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;Forfeited&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;(93,750&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;0.59&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;Balance &amp;#8211; December 31, 2011 &amp;#8211; outstanding&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;2,979,010&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;1.34&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-decoration: none;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; text-decoration: none;"&gt;6.01 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;Balance &amp;#8211; December 31, 2011 &amp;#8211; exercisable&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;2,454,607&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;1.46&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-decoration: none;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; text-decoration: none;"&gt;5.62 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;Grant date fair value of options granted &amp;#8211; 2011&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;609,000&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;Weighted average grant date fair value &amp;#8211; 2011&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;1.09&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;Grant date fair value of options granted &amp;#8211; 2010&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;597,000&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;Weighted average grant date fair value &amp;#8211; 2010&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;0.80&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;Outstanding options held by related parties &amp;#8211; 2011&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;1,283,160&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;Exercisable options held by related parties &amp;#8211; 2011&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;1,070,660&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;Outstanding options held by related parties &amp;#8211; 2010&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;1,083,160&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;Exercisable options held by related parties &amp;#8211; 2010&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;858,160&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;The options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2011 are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="11"&gt;Options&amp;#160;Outstanding&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="9"&gt;Options&amp;#160;Exercisable&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Weighted&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;Weighted&amp;#160;Average&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Weighted&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;Weighted&amp;#160;Average&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;Range&amp;#160;of&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Average&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;Remaining&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Average&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;Remaining&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;"&gt;Exercise&amp;#160;Price&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Options&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Exercise&amp;#160;Price&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;"&gt;Contractual&amp;#160;Life&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Options&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Exercise&amp;#160;Price&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;"&gt;Contractual&amp;#160;Life&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: center;"&gt;$0.09 - $4.57&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;"&gt;2,889,011&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;"&gt;1.20&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right;"&gt;6.11 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;"&gt;2,364,608&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;"&gt;1.29&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right;"&gt;5.72 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center;"&gt;$4.58 - $9.05&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;89,999&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;5.93&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-decoration: none;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right; text-decoration: none;"&gt;2.76 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;89,999&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;5.93&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-decoration: none;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right; text-decoration: none;"&gt;2.76 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: center;"&gt;$0.09 - $9.05&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;2,979,010&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;1.34&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;6.01 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;2,454,607&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;1.46&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;5.62 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;The options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2010 are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="11"&gt;Options&amp;#160;Outstanding&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="9"&gt;Options&amp;#160;Exercisable&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Weighted&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;Weighted&amp;#160;Average&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Weighted&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;Weighted&amp;#160;Average&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;Range&amp;#160;of&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Average&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;Remaining&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Average&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;Remaining&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;"&gt;Exercise&amp;#160;Price&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Options&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Exercise&amp;#160;Price&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;"&gt;Contractual&amp;#160;Life&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Options&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Exercise&amp;#160;Price&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;"&gt;Contractual&amp;#160;Life&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: center;"&gt;$0.09 - $4.57&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;"&gt;2,449,092&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;"&gt;1.16&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right;"&gt;7.09 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;"&gt;1,900,445&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;"&gt;1.28&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right;"&gt;6.47 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center;"&gt;$4.58 - $9.05&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;89,999&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;5.93&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-decoration: none;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right; text-decoration: none;"&gt;3.76 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;89,999&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;5.93&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-decoration: none;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right; text-decoration: none;"&gt;3.76 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: center;"&gt;$0.09 - $9.05&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;2,539,091&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;1.32&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;6.97 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;1,990,444&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;1.48&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;6.35 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;The following is a summary of the Company&amp;#8217;s non-vested stock options at December 31, 2011:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 80%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2"&gt;Weighted&amp;#160;Average&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Unvested&lt;/b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Grant&lt;/b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Stock&amp;#160;Options&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Date&amp;#160;Fair&amp;#160;Value&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 64%;"&gt;Non-vested&amp;#160;&amp;#8211;&amp;#160;December&amp;#160;31,&amp;#160;2010&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15%; text-align: right;"&gt;548,647&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15%; text-align: right;"&gt;0.77&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Granted&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;557,002&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;1.09&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Vested/Exercised&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;(528,017&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;1.07&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;Forfeited/Cancelled&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;(53,229&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;0.57&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;Non-vested &amp;#8211; December 31, 2011&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;524,403&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;0.82&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;Weighted average remaining period for vesting&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;1.67 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Stock Warrants and Derivative Liabilities&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;On July 2, 2010, the Company entered into a Common Stock Purchase Agreement with a single investor. As part of this agreement, the Company issued warrants to purchase 60,606 shares of common stock to the placement agent, or its permitted assigns. The warrants have an exercise price of $1.32 and a life of 5 years. The warrants vested on January 1, 2011 and expire December 31, 2015. Since these warrants were granted as part of an equity raise, the Company has treated them as a direct offering cost. The result of the transaction has no affect to equity. As of December 31, 2011, 30,303 of these warrants remained outstanding.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;On January 28, 2011, the Company entered into a Common Stock Purchase Agreement with three institutional investors. As part of this agreement, the Company issued warrants to purchase 1,428,572 shares of common stock. Each warrant was exercisable&amp;#160;for thirteen months&amp;#160;at $2.00 per share and subsequently exchanged for new warrants with substantially the same&amp;#160;terms as the original warrants except that the expiration date was extended for two months. The original warrants had an anti-dilution price protection feature; if the Company issues securities at a price per share that is less than $2.00 per share, the warrant holders will be ratcheted down to the lower offering price. However, the Company had instituted a floor price of $1.40 per share in connection with the price protection.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;On April 6, 2011, the Company entered into another Common Stock Purchase Agreement that triggered the ratchet provision and re-set the price of these warrants to $1.40 per share. Due to the re-set to the floor price, the warrant liability was marked-to-market and reclassified to additional paid-in capital since it ceased to contain the provisions of a derivative liability. As of December 31, 2011, all of these warrants remained outstanding.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The warrants were initially recorded as liabilities at their estimated fair value on the commitment date, which was $716,000 with subsequent changes in estimated fair value recorded as a warrant expense&amp;#160;in the Company&amp;#8217;s statement of operations at each subsequent reporting period. On April 6, 2011, the fair value of the warrant liability was $1.5 million, which represented an increase in fair value of $765,000. The fair value was measured using the Black-Scholes valuation model. The assumptions used by the Company are summarized in the following table:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 80%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Remeasurement&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Commitment&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Date&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2"&gt;Date&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2"&gt;April&amp;#160;6,&amp;#160;2011&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 64%;"&gt;Closing stock price&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: center;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15%; text-align: center;"&gt;1.39&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: center;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15%; text-align: center;"&gt;2.08&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;Expected dividend rate&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;0%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;0%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;Expected stock price volatility&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;117.1%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;104.6%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;Risk free interest rate&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;0.28%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;0.29%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;Expected life (years)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;1.08&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;"&gt;0.85&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;On August 10, 2011, the Company entered into an agreement to exchange the warrants issued in connection with the January 28, 2011 financing for new warrants with substantially the same terms as the original warrants except that in the new warrants the expiration date was&amp;#160;extended by two months.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;On April 6, 2011, the Company entered into a Common Stock Purchase Agreement with an institutional investor. As part of this agreement, the Company issued a warrant to purchase 844,391 shares of common stock. The warrant was initially exercisable&amp;#160;for thirteen months&amp;#160;at $2.0725 per share. The warrant had an anti-dilution price protection feature; that provided if the Company issues securities at a price per share that is less than $2.0725 per share,&amp;#160;the&amp;#160;exercise price of the warrant&amp;#160;will be ratcheted down to the lower offering price.&amp;#160;On July 28, 2011, the warrant was exchanged for a new warrant with substantially similar terms except that in the new warrant (i) the anti-dilution price protection was eliminated, (ii) the exercise price was lowered to $1.00, (iii) the expiration date was extended for an additional&amp;#160;three months to August 12, 2012,&amp;#160;and (iv) the warrant&amp;#8217;s initial exercise date was changed to January 2012. Due to this warrant exchange, the warrant liability was marked-to-market and reclassified to additional paid-in capital since it ceased to contain the provisions of a derivative liability. As of December 31, 2011, all of these warrants remained outstanding.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The warrant is&amp;#160;initially recorded as a liability at&amp;#160;its estimated fair value on the commitment date, which was $776,000 with subsequent changes in estimated fair value recorded as a warrant expense&amp;#160;in the Company&amp;#8217;s statement of operations at each subsequent period. On July 28, 2011, the fair value of the warrant liability was $253,000, which represented a decrease in fair value of $523,000. The fair value is measured using the Black-Scholes valuation model. The assumptions used by the Company are summarized in the following table:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 80%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2"&gt;Remeasurement&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2"&gt;Commitment&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2"&gt;Date&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2"&gt;Date&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2"&gt;July&amp;#160;28,&amp;#160;2011&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 0.25in; width: 64%; text-indent: -0.25in;"&gt;Closing stock price&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15%; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;$2.08&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15%; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;$0.84&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; text-align: left;"&gt;Expected dividend rate&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;0%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;0%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; text-align: left;"&gt;Expected stock price volatility&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;112.1%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;105.6%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; text-align: left;"&gt;Risk free interest rate&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;0.29%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;0.21%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; text-align: left;"&gt;Expected life (years)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;1.08&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;1.04&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of the warrant liabilities &lt;i&gt;(in thousands):&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 80%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;"&gt;Balance at December 31, 2010&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 0.25in; width: 82%; text-indent: -0.25in; text-align: left;"&gt;Warrant liability&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15%; text-align: right;"&gt;1,492&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; text-align: left;"&gt;Change in fair value of warrant liability&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;242&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 0.25in; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -0.25in; text-align: left;"&gt;Reclassification to additional paid-in capital&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;(1,734&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 0.25in; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: -0.25in;"&gt;Balance at December 31, 2011&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;A summary of warrant activity for the Company for the year ended December 31, 2010 and for the year ended December 31, 2011 is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 80%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2"&gt;Weighted&amp;#160;Average&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold;" nowrap="nowrap"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Number&amp;#160;of&amp;#160;Warrants&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Exercise&amp;#160;Price&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 64%;"&gt;Balance at December 31, 2009&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15%; text-align: right;"&gt;1,070,472&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15%; text-align: right;"&gt;3.27&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Granted&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;60,606&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;1.32&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Exercised&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;Forfeited&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Balance as December 31, 2010&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;1,131,078&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;3.49&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Granted&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;2,272,963&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;1.25&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;Exercised&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;(15,615&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;1.03&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;Forfeited&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;(129,240&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;2.08&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;Balance as December 31, 2011&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;3,259,186&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;1.95&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;A summary of all outstanding and exercisable warrants as of December 31, 2011 is as follows:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table align="center" style="width: 80%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Exercise &lt;br  /&gt;Price&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Warrants &lt;br  /&gt;Outstanding&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Warrants &lt;br  /&gt;Exercisable&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Weighted&amp;#160;Average &lt;br  /&gt;Remaining &lt;br  /&gt;Contractual&amp;#160;Life&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;Aggregate Intrinsic Value&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 17%; text-align: right;"&gt;1.00&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 2%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 17%; text-align: right;"&gt;844,391&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 2%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 16%; text-align: right;"&gt;844,391&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 2%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 16%; text-align: right;"&gt;0.61 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 2%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 16%; text-align: right;"&gt;219,000&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;1.32&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;30,303&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;30,303&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;4.00 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;1.40&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;1,428,572&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;1,428,572&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;0.33 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;2.22&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;517,257&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;517,257&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;4.91 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;3.30&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;61,207&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;61,207&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;3.41 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;3.75&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;50,000&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;50,000&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;4.13 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;6.36&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;327,456&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;327,456&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;0.86 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;1.95&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;3,259,186&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;3,259,186&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;1.33 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;219,000&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Options of Subsidiaries&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;As of December 31, 2011, CD4 Biosciences, Inc., a majority-owned subsidiary of Synthetic Biologics, has a total of 20,000 stock options outstanding and exercisable.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;These stock options have an exercise price of $0.20 and a remaining contractual life of 0.37 years.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;As of December 31, 2011, Epitope, a majority-owned subsidiary of Synthetic Biologics, has 50,000 stock options outstanding and 20,000 stock options exercisable. These stock options have an exercise price of $0.001 and a remaining contractual life of 6.50 years.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock>
	<us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2011">&lt;table style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.5in;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;6.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;b&gt;Stockholders&amp;#8217; Equity&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px 0pt 0.5in; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-indent: -0.5in;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Year Ended December 31, 2010&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;On July 2, 2010, the Company sold 1,212,121 shares of the Company&amp;#8217;s common stock at a closing price of $0.825 for gross proceeds of $1 million.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;The Company paid direct offering costs of $115,000.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;See Note 5 regarding warrants granted with this offering.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company issued 255,954 shares of common stock, in connection with the exercise of stock options, for proceeds of $130,000. The Company also issued 279,724 shares of common stock for consulting services, having a fair value of $214,000 ($0.76 per share), 81,035 shares of common stock for license fees, having a fair value of $70,000 ($0.87 per share), and 60,521 shares of common stock for employment service, having a fair value of $47,000 ($0.77 per share). The fair value of these issuances were based upon the quoted closing trading prices.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Year Ended December 31, 2011&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company issued 28,333 shares of common stock in connection with the exercise of stock options and warrants for proceeds of $15,000 and 10,615 shares of common stock related to a cashless exercise of warrants. The Company issued 73,585 shares of common stock for employment service, having a fair value of $94,000 ($1.29 average per share) and 171,796 shares of common stock for consulting services, having a fair value of $165,000 ($0.96 average per share), based on the quoted closing trading prices. The Company also issued 3,123,558 shares of common stock as consideration for the Channel Agreement with Intrexon, having a fair value of $1.7 million ($0.54 average per share), based on the quoted closing trading price.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;On January 28, 2011, the Company sold 2,857,144 shares of common stock and warrants exercisable for&amp;#160;1,428,572 shares of common stock&amp;#160;for $4 million. Direct offering costs were approximately $296,000.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;On April 6, 2011, the Company sold 1,688,782 shares of common stock and a warrant exercisable for 844,391 shares of common stock&amp;#160;for $3.5 million. Direct offering costs were approximately $243,000.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock>
	<us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2011">&lt;table style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.5in;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;7.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;b&gt;License, Collaborative and Employment Agreements and Commitments&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px 0pt 0.5in; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-indent: -0.5in;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;License Agreements&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The Company has entered into various option and license agreements for the use of patents and their corresponding applications. These agreements have been entered into with various educational institutions and hospitals. These agreements contain payment schedules or stated amounts due for (a) option and license fees, (b) expense reimbursements, and (c) achievement of success milestones. All expenses related to these agreements have been recorded as research and development.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Research Agreement&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;In September&amp;#160;of 2005, the Company entered into a three-year research agreement with the University of Michigan. Pursuant to that agreement, the Company sponsored research of approximately $460,000 per year.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;On March 20, 2008, the Company terminated the agreement.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;On March 24, 2009, the Company entered into a payment plan with the University of Michigan to pay the outstanding balance of $197,000.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;The Company agreed to pay $5,000 per month, until the balance is paid in full. At December 31, 2011, the balance is approximately $32,000 and is recorded as a short-term accounts payable&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Employment Agreements&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;On February 6, 2010, the Company executed a three-year employment agreement with James S. Kuo, M.D., Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;The agreement provided for an annual base salary of $199,000, discretionary performance and transactional bonus payments, and 400,000 stock options with an exercise price equal to the market price on the date of grant.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;Of these stock options, 100,000 vested immediately upon grant and the remainder will vest pro rata, on a monthly basis, over the following thirty-six months. The fair value of the options totaled $328,000 and was determined using the Black-Scholes model with the following assumptions: expected dividend yield of 0%, expected volatility of 204.5%; risk free interest rate of 3.59% and an expected life of 10 years.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;Effective February 3, 2012, Dr. Kuo resigned from his positions as President and Chief Executive Officer. In connection with his resignation, Dr. Kuo entered into a nine-month consulting agreement with the Company (the &amp;#8220;Consulting Agreement&amp;#8221;). Pursuant to the Consulting Agreement, Dr. Kuo will be entitled to a consulting fee of $17,000 per month and retain the right to exercise the stock options held by him that have vested (324,999) as of the effective date of the Consulting Agreement for a period expiring on the date that is one year from the effective date of the Consulting Agreement.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;Effective February 3, 2012, Jeffrey Riley was appointed to serve as the Company&amp;#8217;s Chief Executive Officer and President. In connection with his appointment, Mr. Riley entered into a three-year employment agreement with the Company (the &amp;#8220;Riley Employment Agreement&amp;#8221;). Pursuant to the Riley Employment Agreement, Mr. Riley will be entitled to an annual base salary of $348,000 and will be eligible for discretionary performance and transactional bonus payments. Additionally, Mr. Riley was granted options to purchase 750,000 shares of the Company&amp;#8217;s common stock with an exercise price equal to the per share market price on the date of issue. These options will vest pro rata, on a monthly basis, over thirty-six months. The Company measured the fair value of the stock options at approximately $1.7 million using a Black-Scholes valuation model; these warrants were indexed to the Company&amp;#8217;s own stock.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;Effective February 6, 2012, C. Evan Ballantyne was appointed the Company&amp;#8217;s Chief Financial Officer. In connection with his appointment, Mr. Ballantyne entered into a three-year employment agreement with the Company (the &amp;#8220;Ballantyne Employment Agreement&amp;#8221;). Pursuant to the Ballantyne Employment Agreement, Mr. Ballantyne will be entitled to an annual base salary of $298,000 and will be eligible for discretionary performance and transactional bonus payments. Additionally, Mr. Ballantyne was granted options to purchase 425,000 shares of our common stock with an exercise price equal to our per share market price on the date of issue. These options will vest pro rata, on a monthly basis, over thirty-six months. The Company measured the fair value of the stock options at approximately $1 million using a Black-Scholes valuation model; these warrants were indexed to the Company&amp;#8217;s own stock.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The Black-Scholes assumptions used in calculating the fair value of the stock options are as follows:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 40%; border-collapse: collapse;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.75pt; width: 54%;"&gt;Exercise price&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; width: 4%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; width: 40%; text-align: center;"&gt;$2.30 - $2.47&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; width: 2%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.75pt;"&gt;Expected dividends&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center;"&gt;0%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.75pt;"&gt;Expected volatility&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center;"&gt;174%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.75pt;"&gt;Risk free interest rate&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center;"&gt;1.93% - 1.97%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.75pt;"&gt;Expected life of options&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center;"&gt;10 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.75pt;"&gt;Expected forfeitures&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center;"&gt;0%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Other Commitments&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;As of December 31, 2011, amounts due for license agreements are as follows &lt;i&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/i&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 50%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left;"&gt;Year&amp;#160;Ending&amp;#160;December&amp;#160;31,&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 0.24in; width: 71%; text-align: left;"&gt;2012&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 25%; text-align: right;"&gt;37&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 0.24in; text-align: left;"&gt;2013&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;5&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 0.24in; text-align: left;"&gt;2014&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;5&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 0.24in; text-align: left;"&gt;2015&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;5&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 0.24in; text-align: left;"&gt;2016&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;5&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-left: 0.12in; text-align: left;"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;57&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Operating Lease&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;During 2007, the Company entered into a non-cancelable operating lease for office, laboratory and production space in Ann Arbor, Michigan.&amp;#160;This lease expired on February 28, 2011. In March 2011, the Company entered into a month-to-month lease, at a different location, in Ann Arbor, Michigan.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;During the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 the Company recognized rent expense of $64,000 and $214,000, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Capital Lease&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;In June 2006, the Company acquired $65,000 of equipment under a non-cancelable capital lease. The Company agreed to guarantee and to release the seller from the seller&amp;#8217;s personal guarantee of the remaining balance and the amount was placed in escrow.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;The effective interest rate of the lease was 8.51%.&amp;#160; Related monthly payments of principal and interest were $1,400 over a period of sixty months.&amp;#160; In September 2008, the lessor extended the term for repayment by eight months, with a final maturity date of January 2012.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;The remaining balance of this capital lease at December 31, 2010 was $24,000. In January 2011, this capital lease was paid in full and the funds were released from escrow. See Note 3 &amp;#8211; Discontinued Operations of Adeona Clinical Laboratory.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock>
	<syn:StockPurchaseWarrantsTextBlock contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2011">&lt;table style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.5in;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;8.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;b&gt;Stock Repurchase Program&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px 0pt 0.5in; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-indent: -0.5in;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;On April 3, 2009, the Company&amp;#8217;s Board of Directors approved a Stock Repurchase Program authorizing the Company to repurchase, from time-to-time and through December 31, 2009, up to $1 million of its common stock, up to a maximum of four million shares at prices of up to $5 per share. As of December 31, 2011, the Company had repurchased 81,482 shares for approximately $50,000 ($0.61 per share), based upon the quoted closing trading price.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;These treasury shares are not included in the computation of earnings (loss) per share and are deemed to be canceled and retired.&lt;/p&gt;</syn:StockPurchaseWarrantsTextBlock>
	<us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2011">&lt;table style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 0.5in;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;9.&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&lt;b&gt;Income Taxes&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px 0pt 0.5in; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-indent: -0.5in;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;There was no income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 due to the Company&amp;#8217;s net losses.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The Company&amp;#8217;s tax expense differs from the &amp;#8220;expected&amp;#8221; tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, (computed by applying the Federal Corporate tax rate of 34% to loss before taxes and 5.5% for Michigan State Corporate taxes, the blended rate used was 37.63%), as follows &lt;i&gt;(in thousands):&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 80%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;2011&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;2010&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: left;"&gt;Computed &amp;#8220;expected&amp;#8221; tax benefit - Federal&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15%; text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;(2,618&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15%; text-align: right;"&gt;(550&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;Computed &amp;#8220;expected&amp;#8221; tax benefit - State&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;(448&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;)&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;(94&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;Non-taxable federal grant&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;(184&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;Meals, entertainment and other&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;5&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;5&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;Non-deductible stock-based compensation&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;366&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;150&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;Warrant expense&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;56&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;Change in fair value of warrant expense&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;91&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;Realized loss on debt securities&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;7&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;Change in valuation allowance&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;2,035&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;673&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The effects of temporary differences that gave rise to significant portions of deferred tax assets at December 31, 2011 and 2010 are as follows &lt;i&gt;(in thousands):&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 80%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom;"&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;Deferred&amp;#160;tax&amp;#160;assets:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;2011&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2"&gt;2010&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: left;"&gt;Stock issued for services&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15%; text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;(321&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15%; text-align: right;"&gt;(223&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;Bad debt &amp;#8211; change in allowance&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;(205&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;(49&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;Net operating loss carry-forward&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;(10,425&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;(8,644&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;Total gross deferred tax assets&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;(10,951&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: right;"&gt;(8,916&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="text-align: left;"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;Less valuation allowance&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;10,951&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;"&gt;8,916&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;Net deferred tax assets&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;"&gt;-&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;At December 31, 2011, the Company has a net operating loss carry-forward of approximately $27.7 million available to offset future taxable income expiring through 2031. Utilization of these net operating losses may be limited due to potential ownership changes under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The valuation allowance at December 31, 2010 was approximately $8.9 million. The net change in valuation allowance during the year ended December 31, 2011 was an increase of approximately $2 million. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred income tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred income tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred income tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. Based on consideration of these items, Management has determined that enough uncertainty exists relative to the realization of the deferred income tax asset balances to warrant the application of a full valuation allowance as of December 31, 2011.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;During 2010, the Company received grant revenue of $489,000.&amp;#160;&amp;#160;Under the terms of the grant, this revenue is not taxable.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock>
	<us-gaap:AdjustmentForAmortization contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2010" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:AdjustmentForAmortization>
	<us-gaap:AdjustmentForAmortization contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2011" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">57000</us-gaap:AdjustmentForAmortization>
	<syn:IncreaseDecreaseInAssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2010" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">13000</syn:IncreaseDecreaseInAssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation>
	<syn:IncreaseDecreaseInAssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2011" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">191000</syn:IncreaseDecreaseInAssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation>
	<syn:IncreaseDecreaseInLiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2010" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">5000</syn:IncreaseDecreaseInLiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation>
	<syn:IncreaseDecreaseInLiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2011" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">24000</syn:IncreaseDecreaseInLiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation>
	<us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2010" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities>
	<us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2011" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">4370000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities>
	<us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleMaturityAndCollectionsOfInvestments contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2010" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleMaturityAndCollectionsOfInvestments>
	<us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleMaturityAndCollectionsOfInvestments contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2011" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">4293000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleMaturityAndCollectionsOfInvestments>
	<!-- Footnote Section -->
	<link:footnoteLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/link">
	</link:footnoteLink>
	<xbrli:unit id="USDPerShare"><xbrli:divide><xbrli:unitNumerator><xbrli:measure>iso4217:USD</xbrli:measure></xbrli:unitNumerator><xbrli:unitDenominator><xbrli:measure>xbrli:shares</xbrli:measure></xbrli:unitDenominator></xbrli:divide></xbrli:unit>
	<us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2010_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_CommonStockMember" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">1000</us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues>
	<us-gaap:AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent contextRef="Context_As_Of_31-Dec-2011" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">23000</us-gaap:AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent>
	<us-gaap:AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent contextRef="Context_As_Of_31-Dec-2010" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">214000</us-gaap:AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent>
	<us-gaap:HeldtomaturitySecuritiesSoldSecurityRealizedGainLossExcludingOtherThanTemporaryImpairments contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2011" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">20000</us-gaap:HeldtomaturitySecuritiesSoldSecurityRealizedGainLossExcludingOtherThanTemporaryImpairments>
	<us-gaap:HeldtomaturitySecuritiesSoldSecurityRealizedGainLossExcludingOtherThanTemporaryImpairments contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2010" unitRef="USD" decimals="-3">0</us-gaap:HeldtomaturitySecuritiesSoldSecurityRealizedGainLossExcludingOtherThanTemporaryImpairments>
	<us-gaap:SubsequentEventsTextBlock contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2011">&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;b&gt;10. Subsequent Event&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;On December 20, 2011, the Company entered into a consulting agreement for financial advisory services, for a period of twelve months. As compensation for such services, the consultant will be paid a monthly fee of $10,000 and was issued a warrant exercisable for 100,000 shares of the Company&amp;#8217;s common stock. The warrant is exercisable upon issuance for a period of five years from the date of issue at an exercise price equal to the price of the Company&amp;#8217;s common stock on the date of issue. The issue date of the warrant is February 2, 2012.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The fair value of the warrant approximated $200,000 and was measured using the Black-Scholes valuation model. The assumptions used by the Company are summarized in the following table:&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style="width: 40%; border-collapse: collapse; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.75pt; width: 54%;"&gt;Exercise price&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; width: 4%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; width: 40%; text-align: center;"&gt;$1.14&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; width: 2%;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.75pt;"&gt;Expected dividends&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center;"&gt;0%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.75pt;"&gt;Expected volatility&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center;"&gt;174%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.75pt;"&gt;Risk free interest rate&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center;"&gt;0.71%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: #ccffcc;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.75pt;"&gt;Expected life of warrant&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center;"&gt;5 years&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; background-color: white;"&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.75pt;"&gt;Expected forfeitures&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center;"&gt;0%&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/td&gt;
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&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;On May 1, 2012, the Company was informed by Berman &amp;amp; Company, P.A. (&amp;#8220;Berman &amp;amp; Company&amp;#8221;), the Company&amp;#8217;s independent registered accounting firm, that during a regular Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (&amp;#8220;PCAOB&amp;#8221;) inspection of Berman &amp;amp; Company, the PCAOB issued a comment that the audit opinion included in the Company&amp;#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 was issued by a partner at Berman &amp;amp; Company who was not authorized under the PCAOB rules to issue the opinion or act as our named engagement partner with respect to the Form 10-K audit (or prior 2011 Form 10-Q interim reviews) after the original engagement partner rotated off the account under the Securities and Exchange Commission&amp;#8217;s independence rules as it pertains to partner rotation (S-X Rule 2-01 - Qualifications of Accountants).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"&gt;The Company believes that the previously filed financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011 are accurate. In addition, the Company has not been informed by Berman &amp;amp; Company or the PCAOB, that the previously filed financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011 are not accurate or otherwise invalid. As a matter of precaution the new engagement partner at Berman &amp;amp; Company has since: (i) taken full responsibility for the audit as the lead engagement partner on the audit, (ii) performed a detailed review of all audit procedures related to the original audit for sufficiency and (iii) reissued the audit opinion. The review performed by the new audit partner did not result in any changes to the Company&amp;#8217;s financial statements or notes to the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011, other than the addition of the May 1, 2012 and May 10, 2012 disclosures in this subsequent event note to the financial statements.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style="text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"&gt;On May 10, 2012, Jeffrey J. Kraws was appointed as the independent, non-executive Chairman of the Board. For his service as independent, non-executive Chairman of the Board, Mr. Kraws will be issued options exercisable for 100,000 shares of the Company&amp;#8217;s common stock and will receive annual compensation of $150,000. The fair value of these options will be measured using the Black-Scholes valuation model.&lt;/p&gt;</us-gaap:SubsequentEventsTextBlock>
	<dei:AmendmentDescription contextRef="Context_FYE_31-Dec-2011">On May 1, 2012, we were informed by Berman &amp; Company, P.A. ("Berman &amp; Company"), our independent registered accounting firm, that during a regular Public Company Accounting Oversight Board ("PCAOB") inspection of Berman &amp; Company, the PCAOB issued a comment that the audit opinion included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 was issued by a partner at Berman &amp; Company who was not authorized under the PCAOB rules to issue the opinion or act as our named engagement partner with respect to the Form 10-K audit (or prior 2011 Form 10-Q interim reviews) after the original engagement partner rotated off the account under the Securities and Exchange Commission's independence rules as it pertains to partner rotation (S-X Rule 2-01 - Qualifications of Accountants). We believe that our previously filed financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011 are accurate. In addition, we have not been informed by Berman &amp; Company or the PCAOB, that our previously filed financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011 are not accurate or otherwise invalid. As a matter of precaution the new engagement partner at Berman &amp; Company has since: (i) taken full responsibility for the audit as the lead engagement partner on the audit, (ii) performed a detailed review of all audit procedures related to the original audit for sufficiency and (iii) reissued the audit opinion. We are filing this Annual Report on Form 10-K/A solely for the purpose of providing the reissued audit opinion and related disclosure, and subsequent event disclosure regarding the appointment of an independent, non-executive Chairman of the Board on May 10, 2012. The review performed by the new audit partner did not result in any changes to our financial statements or notes to the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011, other than the addition of the May 1, 2012 and May 10, 2012 disclosures in the subsequent event note to the financial statements.</dei:AmendmentDescription>
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	<element name="AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalWarrantsLiabilityReclassified" id="syn_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalWarrantsLiabilityReclassified" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
	<element name="StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueLicenseFees" id="syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueLicenseFees" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
	<element name="StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesLicenseFees" id="syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesLicenseFees" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
	<element name="ConsolidatedStatementsOfChangesInStockholdersEquityDeficitParentheticalAbstract" id="syn_ConsolidatedStatementsOfChangesInStockholdersEquityDeficitParentheticalAbstract" type="xbrli:stringItemType" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
	<element name="StockIssuanceCost" id="syn_StockIssuanceCost" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
	<element name="StockIssuedForConsultingFees" id="syn_StockIssuedForConsultingFees" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
	<element name="StockIssuedAsCompensation" id="syn_StockIssuedAsCompensation" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
	<element name="StockIssuedForLicenseFee" id="syn_StockIssuedForLicenseFee" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
	<element name="IssueOfStockForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" id="syn_IssueOfStockForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
	<element name="ChangeInFairValueOfWarrantLiability" id="syn_ChangeInFairValueOfWarrantLiability" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
	<element name="IncreaseDecreaseInDepositsAndOtherAssets" id="syn_IncreaseDecreaseInDepositsAndOtherAssets" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
	<element name="IncreaseDecreaseInAssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation" id="syn_IncreaseDecreaseInAssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
	<element name="IncreaseDecreaseInLiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation" id="syn_IncreaseDecreaseInLiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
	<element name="StockIssuedForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" id="syn_StockIssuedForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
	<element name="ExchangeOfEquipment" id="syn_ExchangeOfEquipment" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
	<element name="ReclassificationOfDerivativeLiabilityToAdditionalPaidInCapital" id="syn_ReclassificationOfDerivativeLiabilityToAdditionalPaidInCapital" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
	<element name="StockPurchaseWarrantsAbstract" id="syn_StockPurchaseWarrantsAbstract" type="xbrli:stringItemType" abstract="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
	<element name="StockPurchaseWarrantsTextBlock" id="syn_StockPurchaseWarrantsTextBlock" type="nonnum:textBlockItemType" abstract="false" xbrli:periodType="duration" nillable="true" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item"/>
</schema>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.CAL
<SEQUENCE>9
<FILENAME>syn-20111231_cal.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION CALCULATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<linkbase xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
	<roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#StatementOfFinancialPositionClassified" roleURI="http://www.adeonapharma.com/role/StatementOfFinancialPositionClassified"/>
	<calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://www.adeonapharma.com/role/StatementOfFinancialPositionClassified">
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_Cash" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_Cash"/>
		<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_Cash" order="10" use="optional" weight="1"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent"/>
		<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent" order="20" use="optional" weight="1"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent"/>
		<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent" order="30" use="optional" weight="1"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_Assets" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_Assets"/>
		<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" order="10" use="optional" weight="1"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet"/>
		<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" order="20" use="optional" weight="1"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_syn_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNoncurrent"/>
		<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="loc_syn_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNoncurrent" order="30" use="optional" weight="1"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent"/>
		<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent" order="40" use="optional" weight="1"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent"/>
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		<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_AccountsPayableInterestBearingNoncurrent" order="40" use="optional" weight="1"/>
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		<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" order="20" use="optional" weight="1"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockValue"/>
		<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockValue" order="40" use="optional" weight="1"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock"/>
		<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock" order="60" use="optional" weight="1"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit"/>
		<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" order="80" use="optional" weight="1"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity"/>
		<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_Liabilities" order="20" use="optional" weight="1"/>
		<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" order="40" use="optional" weight="1"/>
	</calculationLink>
	<roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#StatementOfIncomeAlternative" roleURI="http://www.adeonapharma.com/role/StatementOfIncomeAlternative"/>
	<calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://www.adeonapharma.com/role/StatementOfIncomeAlternative">
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SalesRevenueNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SalesRevenueNet"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LicensesRevenue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LicensesRevenue"/>
		<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SalesRevenueNet" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_LicensesRevenue" order="20" use="optional" weight="1"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromGrants" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RevenueFromGrants"/>
		<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SalesRevenueNet" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_RevenueFromGrants" order="40" use="optional" weight="1"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense"/>
		<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" order="20" use="optional" weight="1"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense"/>
		<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" order="40" use="optional" weight="1"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest"/>
		<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_SalesRevenueNet" order="20" use="optional" weight="1"/>
		<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" order="40" use="optional" weight="-1"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_GainLossOnDerivativeInstrumentsNetPretax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GainLossOnDerivativeInstrumentsNetPretax"/>
		<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_GainLossOnDerivativeInstrumentsNetPretax" order="20" use="optional" weight="1"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDerivativeLiabilities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDerivativeLiabilities"/>
		<calculationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:to="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDerivativeLiabilities" order="40" use="optional" weight="-1"/>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.DEF
<SEQUENCE>10
<FILENAME>syn-20111231_def.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION DEFINITION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
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		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Document and Entity Information [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Document and Entity Information [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Document and Entity Information</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract" xlink:to="lab_syn_DocumentAndEntityInformationAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementTable"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementTable" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Table]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementTable" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Table]</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementTable"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementLineItems"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Line Items]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Line Items]</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementLineItems"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2011/dei-2011-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityRegistrantName" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityRegistrantName" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityRegistrantName"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2011/dei-2011-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2011/dei-2011-01-31.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:label="loc_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xml:lang="en-US">Current Fiscal Year End Date</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xml:lang="en-US">Current Fiscal Year End Date</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:to="lab_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2011/dei-2011-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityFilerCategory"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityFilerCategory" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Filer Category</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityFilerCategory" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Filer Category</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityFilerCategory"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2011/dei-2011-01-31.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="loc_dei_TradingSymbol"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_TradingSymbol" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_TradingSymbol" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="lab_dei_TradingSymbol"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2011/dei-2011-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2011/dei-2011-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentType"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentType" xml:lang="en-US">Document Type</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentType" xml:lang="en-US">Document Type</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentType" xlink:to="lab_dei_DocumentType"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2011/dei-2011-01-31.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_AmendmentFlag" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Flag</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_AmendmentFlag" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Flag</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:to="lab_dei_AmendmentFlag"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2011/dei-2011-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:to="lab_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2011/dei-2011-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Period Focus</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Period Focus</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:to="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2011/dei-2011-01-31.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Year Focus</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Year Focus</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:to="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2011/dei-2011-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Well-Known Seasoned Issuer</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Well-Known Seasoned Issuer</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2011/dei-2011-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Voluntary Filers</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Voluntary Filers</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2011/dei-2011-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Current Reporting Status</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Current Reporting Status</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2011/dei-2011-01-31.xsd#dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityPublicFloat"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityPublicFloat" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Public Float</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityPublicFloat" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Public Float</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityPublicFloat"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Statement Of Financial Position [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Assets [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Assets</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_Cash" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_Cash"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Cash" xml:lang="en-US">Cash</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Cash" xml:lang="en-US">Cash</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Cash" xml:lang="en-US">Cash at beginning of year</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Cash" xml:lang="en-US">Cash at end of year</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Cash" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_Cash"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts Receivable, Net, Current</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts receivable - net</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts Receivable, Net, Current, Total</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Other Assets, Current</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Other</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Other</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Assets, Current</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Total Current Assets</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Total Current Assets</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xml:lang="en-US">Property, Plant and Equipment, Net</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xml:lang="en-US">Property and equipment, net</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xml:lang="en-US">Property, Plant and Equipment, Net, Total</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xml:lang="en-US">Property, Plant and Equipment, Net, Beginning Balance</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xml:lang="en-US">Property, Plant and Equipment, Net, Ending Balance</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_syn_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNoncurrent"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNoncurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Deposits and Other Assets Noncurrent</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNoncurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Deposits and other assets</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNoncurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Deposits and other assets</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNoncurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Carrying value of amounts transferred to third parties for security purposes that are expected to be returned or applied towards payment after one year or beyond the operating cycle, if longer and also includes aggregate carrying amount, as of the balance sheet date, of noncurrent assets not separately disclosed in the balance sheet due to materiality considerations. Noncurrent assets are expected to be realized or consumed after one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer).</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:to="lab_syn_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNoncurrent"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Assets of discontinued operations</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Assets of discontinued operations</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_Assets" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_Assets"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Assets" xml:lang="en-US">Assets</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Assets" xml:lang="en-US">Total Assets</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Assets" xml:lang="en-US">Total Assets</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_Assets"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities and Stockholders Equity [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts Payable, Current</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts payable</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts Payable, Current, Total</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued Liabilities, Current</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued liabilities</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued Liabilities, Current, Total</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities Of Disposal Group, Including Discontinued Operation, Current</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities of discontinued operations</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities, Current</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Total Current Liabilities</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Total Current Liabilities</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities, Noncurrent [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Long Term Liabilities:</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableInterestBearingNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccountsPayableInterestBearingNoncurrent"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableInterestBearingNoncurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts Payable, Interest-Bearing, Noncurrent</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableInterestBearingNoncurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts payable</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableInterestBearingNoncurrent" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts payable</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AccountsPayableInterestBearingNoncurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableInterestBearingNoncurrent"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_Liabilities"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Liabilities" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Liabilities" xml:lang="en-US">Total Liabilities</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Liabilities" xml:lang="en-US">Total Liabilities</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_Liabilities"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders Equity Attributable To Parent [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders' Equity:</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock, Value, Issued</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock, Value, Issued, Total</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock, Value, Issued, Beginning Balance</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock, Value, Issued, Ending Balance</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockValue"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Value, Issued</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized, 28,127,644 issued and 28,209,126 outstanding and 23,420,189 issued and 23,338,707 outstanding</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized, 31,374,002 issued and 31,292,520 outstanding and 23,420,189 issued and 23,338,707 outstanding</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Value, Issued, Total</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Value, Issued, Beginning Balance</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Value, Issued, Ending Balance</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock" xml:lang="en-US">Additional Paid In Capital, Common Stock</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock" xml:lang="en-US">Additional paid-in capital</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock" xml:lang="en-US">Additional Paid in Capital, Common Stock, Beginning Balance</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock" xml:lang="en-US">Additional Paid in Capital, Common Stock, Ending Balance</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xml:lang="en-US">Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated deficit</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated deficit</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xml:lang="en-US">Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit), Beginning Balance</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xml:lang="en-US">Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit), Ending Balance</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders Equity Attributable To Parent</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xml:lang="en-US">Total Stockholders' Equity</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xml:lang="en-US">Total Stockholders' Equity</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xml:lang="en-US">Balance</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xml:lang="en-US">Balance</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities and Stockholders Equity</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xml:lang="en-US">Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xml:lang="en-US">Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_BalanceSheetParentheticalAbstract" xlink:label="loc_syn_BalanceSheetParentheticalAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_BalanceSheetParentheticalAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Balance Sheet Parenthetical [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_BalanceSheetParentheticalAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Balance Sheet Parenthetical [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_BalanceSheetParentheticalAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Balance Sheet Parenthetical</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_BalanceSheetParentheticalAbstract" xlink:to="lab_syn_BalanceSheetParentheticalAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock, Par Or Stated Value Per Share</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock, Shares Authorized</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, shares authorized</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock, Shares Issued</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, shares issued</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock, Shares Outstanding</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, shares outstanding</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock, Shares Outstanding, Beginning Balance</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock, Shares Outstanding, Ending Balance</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Par Or Stated Value Per Share</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Shares Authorized</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares authorized</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Shares, Issued</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares issued</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Shares, Issued, Total</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares outstanding</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding, Beginning Balance</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding, Ending Balance</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Income Statement [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Income Statement [Abstract]</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RevenuesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RevenuesAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevenuesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Revenues [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevenuesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Revenues:</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RevenuesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RevenuesAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_LicensesRevenue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LicensesRevenue"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LicensesRevenue" xml:lang="en-US">Licenses Revenue</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LicensesRevenue" xml:lang="en-US">License revenue, net</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LicensesRevenue" xml:lang="en-US">Licenses Revenue</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LicensesRevenue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LicensesRevenue"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromGrants" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RevenueFromGrants"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevenueFromGrants" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue From Grants</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevenueFromGrants" xml:lang="en-US">Grant revenue</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RevenueFromGrants" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RevenueFromGrants"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SalesRevenueNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SalesRevenueNet"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SalesRevenueNet" xml:lang="en-US">Sales Revenue, Net</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SalesRevenueNet" xml:lang="en-US">Total Revenues</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SalesRevenueNet" xml:lang="en-US">Total Revenues</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SalesRevenueNet" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SalesRevenueNet"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Expenses [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Costs and Expenses:</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xml:lang="en-US">General and Administrative Expense</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xml:lang="en-US">General and administrative</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xml:lang="en-US">General and administrative</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xml:lang="en-US">Research and Development Expense</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xml:lang="en-US">Research and development</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xml:lang="en-US">Research and Development Expense, Total</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Expenses</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xml:lang="en-US">Total Operating Costs and Expenses</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xml:lang="en-US">Total Operating Costs and Expenses</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xml:lang="en-US">Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes, Extraordinary Items, Noncontrolling Interest</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xml:lang="en-US">Loss from Continuing Operations</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xml:lang="en-US">Loss from Continuing Operations</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Nonoperating Income (Expense) [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Other Income (Expense):</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_GainLossOnDerivativeInstrumentsNetPretax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GainLossOnDerivativeInstrumentsNetPretax"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnDerivativeInstrumentsNetPretax" xml:lang="en-US">Gain (Loss) On Derivative Instruments, Net, Pretax</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnDerivativeInstrumentsNetPretax" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant expense</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnDerivativeInstrumentsNetPretax" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant expense</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_GainLossOnDerivativeInstrumentsNetPretax" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnDerivativeInstrumentsNetPretax"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDerivativeLiabilities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDerivativeLiabilities"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDerivativeLiabilities" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) In Derivative Liabilities</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDerivativeLiabilities" xml:lang="en-US">Change in fair value of warrant liability</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDerivativeLiabilities" xml:lang="en-US">Change in fair value of warrant liability</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDerivativeLiabilities" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDerivativeLiabilities"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_EquipmentImpairmentLoss" xlink:label="loc_syn_EquipmentImpairmentLoss"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_EquipmentImpairmentLoss" xml:lang="en-US">Equipment Impairment Loss</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_EquipmentImpairmentLoss" xml:lang="en-US">Impairment loss on equipment</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_EquipmentImpairmentLoss" xml:lang="en-US">Impairment loss on equipment during the period.</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_EquipmentImpairmentLoss" xml:lang="en-US">Impairment loss on equipment</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_EquipmentImpairmentLoss" xlink:to="lab_syn_EquipmentImpairmentLoss"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xml:lang="en-US">Investment Income, Interest</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xml:lang="en-US">Interest income</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncome" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncome"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncome" xml:lang="en-US">Other Nonoperating Income</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncome" xml:lang="en-US">Other income (expense)</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncome" xml:lang="en-US">Other income (expense)</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncome" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncome"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xml:lang="en-US">Nonoperating Income (Expense)</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xml:lang="en-US">Total Other Expense, net</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xml:lang="en-US">Total Other Expense, net</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperations" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperations"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperations" xml:lang="en-US">Income (Loss) From Continuing Operations Attributable To Parent</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperations" xml:lang="en-US">Net Loss from Continuing Operations</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperations" xml:lang="en-US">Loss from continuing operations</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperations" xml:lang="en-US">Net Loss from Continuing Operations</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperations" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xml:lang="en-US">Net Loss from continuing operations</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperations" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperations"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromDiscontinuedOperationsNetOfTaxAttributableToReportingEntity" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromDiscontinuedOperationsNetOfTaxAttributableToReportingEntity"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromDiscontinuedOperationsNetOfTaxAttributableToReportingEntity" xml:lang="en-US">Income (Loss) From Discontinued Operations, Net Of Tax, Attributable To Parent</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromDiscontinuedOperationsNetOfTaxAttributableToReportingEntity" xml:lang="en-US">Net Loss from Discontinued Operations</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromDiscontinuedOperationsNetOfTaxAttributableToReportingEntity" xml:lang="en-US">Net Loss from discontinued operations</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromDiscontinuedOperationsNetOfTaxAttributableToReportingEntity" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xml:lang="en-US">Loss from discontinued operations</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromDiscontinuedOperationsNetOfTaxAttributableToReportingEntity" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromDiscontinuedOperationsNetOfTaxAttributableToReportingEntity"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xml:lang="en-US">Net Income (Loss) Attributable To Parent</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xml:lang="en-US">Net Loss</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xml:lang="en-US">Net Loss</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Net Loss Per Share - Basic and Dilutive:</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsPerBasicAndDilutedShare" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsPerBasicAndDilutedShare"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsPerBasicAndDilutedShare" xml:lang="en-US">Income (Loss) From Continuing Operations, Per Basic and Diluted Share</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsPerBasicAndDilutedShare" xml:lang="en-US">Continuing Operations (in dollars per share)</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsPerBasicAndDilutedShare" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsPerBasicAndDilutedShare"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromDiscontinuedOperationsNetOfTaxPerBasicAndDilutedShare" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromDiscontinuedOperationsNetOfTaxPerBasicAndDilutedShare"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromDiscontinuedOperationsNetOfTaxPerBasicAndDilutedShare" xml:lang="en-US">Income (Loss) From Discontinued Operations, Net Of Tax, Per Basic and Diluted Share</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromDiscontinuedOperationsNetOfTaxPerBasicAndDilutedShare" xml:lang="en-US">Discontinued Operations (in dollars per share)</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromDiscontinuedOperationsNetOfTaxPerBasicAndDilutedShare" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromDiscontinuedOperationsNetOfTaxPerBasicAndDilutedShare"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted" xml:lang="en-US">Earnings Per Share, Basic and Diluted</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted" xml:lang="en-US">Net Loss Per Share (in dollars per share)</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted" xml:lang="en-US">Net Income (Loss) Per Share - Basic and Dilutive (in dollars per share)</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_WeightedAverageNumberOfCommonSharesOutstandingDuringPeriodBasicAndDilutive" xlink:label="loc_syn_WeightedAverageNumberOfCommonSharesOutstandingDuringPeriodBasicAndDilutive"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_WeightedAverageNumberOfCommonSharesOutstandingDuringPeriodBasicAndDilutive" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Number Of Common Shares Outstanding During Period Basic and Dilutive</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_WeightedAverageNumberOfCommonSharesOutstandingDuringPeriodBasicAndDilutive" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year - Basic and Dilutive (in shares)</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_WeightedAverageNumberOfCommonSharesOutstandingDuringPeriodBasicAndDilutive" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period - Basic and Dilutive (in shares)</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_WeightedAverageNumberOfCommonSharesOutstandingDuringPeriodBasicAndDilutive" xml:lang="en-US">The average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating basic and diluted EPS.</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_WeightedAverageNumberOfCommonSharesOutstandingDuringPeriodBasicAndDilutive" xlink:to="lab_syn_WeightedAverageNumberOfCommonSharesOutstandingDuringPeriodBasicAndDilutive"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfStockholdersEquityAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfStockholdersEquityAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Statement Of Stockholders Equity [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfStockholdersEquityAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfStockholdersEquityAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xml:lang="en-US">Statement, Equity Components [Axis]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xml:lang="en-US">Statement, Equity Components [Axis]</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockMember"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock [Member]</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockMember"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xml:lang="en-US">Additional Paid-In Capital [Member]</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xml:lang="en-US">Retained Earnings [Member]</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_SubscriptionReceivableMember" xlink:label="loc_syn_SubscriptionReceivableMember"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_SubscriptionReceivableMember" xml:lang="en-US">Subscription Receivable [Member]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_SubscriptionReceivableMember" xml:lang="en-US">Subscription Receivable</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_SubscriptionReceivableMember" xlink:to="lab_syn_SubscriptionReceivableMember"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SharesOutstanding" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SharesOutstanding"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharesOutstanding" xml:lang="en-US">Shares, Outstanding</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharesOutstanding" xml:lang="en-US">Balance (in shares)</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharesOutstanding" xml:lang="en-US">Balance (in shares)</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharesOutstanding" xml:lang="en-US">Balance (in shares)</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SharesOutstanding" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SharesOutstanding"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsRequisiteServicePeriodRecognition" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsRequisiteServicePeriodRecognition"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsRequisiteServicePeriodRecognition" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustments To Additional Paid In Capital, Share-Based Compensation, Stock Options, Requisite Service Period Recognition</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsRequisiteServicePeriodRecognition" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-based compensation</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsRequisiteServicePeriodRecognition" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsRequisiteServicePeriodRecognition"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensation"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensation" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period, Value, Share-Based Compensation, Net Of Forfeitures</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensation" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common stock for employee compensation</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensation" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period, Value, Share-based Compensation, Net of Forfeitures, Total</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensation"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensation"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensation" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Share-Based Compensation, Net Of Forfeitures</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensation" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common stock for employee compensation (in shares)</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensation" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period, Shares, Share-based Compensation, Net of Forfeitures, Total</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensation"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" xlink:label="loc_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period Value For Exclusive Channel Collaboration Agreement</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common stock for exclusive channel collaboration agreement</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" xml:lang="en-US">Value of stock issued during the period For Exclusive Channel Collaboration Agreement.</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" xlink:to="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" xlink:label="loc_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period Shares For Exclusive Channel Collaboration Agreement</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common stock for exclusive channel collaboration agreement (in shares)</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" xml:lang="en-US">Number of shares issued during the period For Exclusive Channel Collaboration Agreement.</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" xlink:to="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueConsultingFees" xlink:label="loc_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueConsultingFees"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueConsultingFees" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period Value Consulting Fees</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueConsultingFees" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common stock for consulting fees</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueConsultingFees" xml:lang="en-US">Value of stock issued during the period as a result of consulting fee.</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueConsultingFees" xlink:to="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueConsultingFees"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesConsultingFees" xlink:label="loc_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesConsultingFees"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesConsultingFees" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period Shares Consulting Fees</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesConsultingFees" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common stock for consulting fees (in shares)</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesConsultingFees" xml:lang="en-US">Number of shares issued during the period as a result of consulting fee.</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesConsultingFees" xlink:to="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesConsultingFees"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsAndWarrantsExercised" xlink:label="loc_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsAndWarrantsExercised"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsAndWarrantsExercised" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period Value Stock Options and Warrants Exercised</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsAndWarrantsExercised" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common stock for options and warrants exercised</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsAndWarrantsExercised" xml:lang="en-US">Value stock issued during the period as a result of the stock options and warrants exercised.</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsAndWarrantsExercised" xlink:to="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsAndWarrantsExercised"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsAndWarrantsExercised" xlink:label="loc_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsAndWarrantsExercised"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsAndWarrantsExercised" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period Shares Stock Options and Warrants Exercised</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsAndWarrantsExercised" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common stock for options and warrants exercised (in shares)</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsAndWarrantsExercised" xml:lang="en-US">Number of share options and warrants exercised during the current period..</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsAndWarrantsExercised" xlink:to="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsAndWarrantsExercised"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period, Value, New Issues</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs (in shares)</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalWarrantsLiabilityReclassified" xlink:label="loc_syn_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalWarrantsLiabilityReclassified"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalWarrantsLiabilityReclassified" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustments To Additional Paid In Capital Warrants Liability Reclassified</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalWarrantsLiabilityReclassified" xml:lang="en-US">Warrant liability reclassified to stockholders' equity</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalWarrantsLiabilityReclassified" xml:lang="en-US">Increase in additional paid in capital due to warrants liability reclassified to stockholders equity during the period.</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalWarrantsLiabilityReclassified" xlink:to="lab_syn_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalWarrantsLiabilityReclassified"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueLicenseFees" xlink:label="loc_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueLicenseFees"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueLicenseFees" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period Value License Fees</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueLicenseFees" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common stock for license fees</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueLicenseFees" xml:lang="en-US">Value of stock issued during the period as a result of licence fee.</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueLicenseFees" xlink:to="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueLicenseFees"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesLicenseFees" xlink:label="loc_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesLicenseFees"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesLicenseFees" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period Shares License Fees</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesLicenseFees" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common stock for license fees (in shares)</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesLicenseFees" xml:lang="en-US">Number of shares issued during the period as a result of licence fees.</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesLicenseFees" xlink:to="lab_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesLicenseFees"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period, Value, Stock Options Exercised</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common stock for options exercised</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement By Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Exercises In Period</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common stock for options exercised (in shares)</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_ConsolidatedStatementsOfChangesInStockholdersEquityDeficitParentheticalAbstract" xlink:label="loc_syn_ConsolidatedStatementsOfChangesInStockholdersEquityDeficitParentheticalAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_ConsolidatedStatementsOfChangesInStockholdersEquityDeficitParentheticalAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Consolidated Statements Of Changes In Stockholders Equity [Deficit] [Parenthetical] [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_ConsolidatedStatementsOfChangesInStockholdersEquityDeficitParentheticalAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Consolidated Statements Of Changes In Stockholders Equity [Deficit] [Parenthetical] [Abstract]</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_ConsolidatedStatementsOfChangesInStockholdersEquityDeficitParentheticalAbstract" xlink:to="lab_syn_ConsolidatedStatementsOfChangesInStockholdersEquityDeficitParentheticalAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_StockIssuanceCost" xlink:label="loc_syn_StockIssuanceCost"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuanceCost" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issuance Cost</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuanceCost" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issuance Cost</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuanceCost" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issuance Cost during the period.</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_StockIssuanceCost" xlink:to="lab_syn_StockIssuanceCost"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Statement Of Cash Flows [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Operating Activities [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Cash Flows From Operating Activities:</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustments To Reconcile Net Income (Loss) To Cash Provided By (Used In) Operating Activities [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-based compensation</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based Compensation, Total</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_StockIssuedForConsultingFees" xlink:label="loc_syn_StockIssuedForConsultingFees"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedForConsultingFees" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued For Consulting Fees</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedForConsultingFees" xml:lang="en-US">Stock issued for consulting fees</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedForConsultingFees" xml:lang="en-US">The fair value of restricted stock or stock options granted to nonemployees as payment for consulting fees.</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_StockIssuedForConsultingFees" xlink:to="lab_syn_StockIssuedForConsultingFees"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_StockIssuedAsCompensation" xlink:label="loc_syn_StockIssuedAsCompensation"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedAsCompensation" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued As Compensation</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedAsCompensation" xml:lang="en-US">Stock issued as employee compensation</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedAsCompensation" xml:lang="en-US">The noncash expense that accounts for the value of stock options distributed to employees as compensation.</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_StockIssuedAsCompensation" xlink:to="lab_syn_StockIssuedAsCompensation"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_StockIssuedForLicenseFee" xlink:label="loc_syn_StockIssuedForLicenseFee"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedForLicenseFee" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued For License Fee</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedForLicenseFee" xml:lang="en-US">Stock issued for license fee</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedForLicenseFee" xml:lang="en-US">issued of stock based on license fee During the period.</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedForLicenseFee" xml:lang="en-US">Stock issued for license fee</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_StockIssuedForLicenseFee" xlink:to="lab_syn_StockIssuedForLicenseFee"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_IssueOfStockForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" xlink:label="loc_syn_IssueOfStockForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_IssueOfStockForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" xml:lang="en-US">Issue Of Stock For Exclusive Channel Collaboration Agreement</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_IssueOfStockForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" xml:lang="en-US">Stock issued for exclusive channel collaboration agreement</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_IssueOfStockForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" xml:lang="en-US">Stock issued for exclusive channel collaboration agreement during the period.</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_IssueOfStockForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" xml:lang="en-US">Stock issued for exclusive channel collaboration agreement</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_IssueOfStockForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" xlink:to="lab_syn_IssueOfStockForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_ChangeInFairValueOfWarrantLiability" xlink:label="loc_syn_ChangeInFairValueOfWarrantLiability"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_ChangeInFairValueOfWarrantLiability" xml:lang="en-US">Change In Fair Value Of Warrant Liability</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_ChangeInFairValueOfWarrantLiability" xml:lang="en-US">Change in fair value of warrant liability</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_ChangeInFairValueOfWarrantLiability" xml:lang="en-US">The increase (decrease) during the period in the carrying value of derivative instruments reported as liabilities that are due to be disposed of within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer).</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_ChangeInFairValueOfWarrantLiability" xlink:to="lab_syn_ChangeInFairValueOfWarrantLiability"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_Depreciation" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_Depreciation"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Depreciation" xml:lang="en-US">Depreciation</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Depreciation" xml:lang="en-US">Depreciation</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Depreciation" xml:lang="en-US">Depreciation, Total</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Depreciation" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_Depreciation"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" xml:lang="en-US">Provision For Doubtful Accounts</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" xml:lang="en-US">Provision for uncollectible accounts receivable</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" xml:lang="en-US">Provision for Doubtful Accounts</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentForAmortization" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AdjustmentForAmortization"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentForAmortization" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentForAmortization" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization of premium on investments</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AdjustmentForAmortization" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentForAmortization"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment" xml:lang="en-US">Gain (Loss) On Sale Of Property Plant Equipment</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment" xml:lang="en-US">(Gain) loss on sale of equipment</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment" xml:lang="en-US">Gain (Loss) on Sale of Property Plant Equipment, Total</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment" xml:lang="en-US">(Gain) loss on sale of equipment</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfAccountsReceivable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfAccountsReceivable"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfAccountsReceivable" xml:lang="en-US">Gain (Loss) On Sale Of Accounts Receivable</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfAccountsReceivable" xml:lang="en-US">Gain on the settlement of accounts payable</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfAccountsReceivable" xml:lang="en-US">Gain on the settlement of accounts payable</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfAccountsReceivable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfAccountsReceivable"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) In Operating Capital [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Changes in operating assets and liabilities:</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) In Accounts Receivable</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts receivable</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts receivable</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentAssets" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentAssets"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentAssets" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) In Other Current Assets</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentAssets" xml:lang="en-US">Other current assets</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentAssets" xml:lang="en-US">Other current assets</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentAssets" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentAssets"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_IncreaseDecreaseInDepositsAndOtherAssets" xlink:label="loc_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInDepositsAndOtherAssets"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInDepositsAndOtherAssets" xml:lang="en-US">Increase Decrease In Deposits and Other Assets</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInDepositsAndOtherAssets" xml:lang="en-US">Deposits and other assets</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInDepositsAndOtherAssets" xml:lang="en-US">The aggregate net change during the reporting period in moneys given as security, collateral, or margin deposits. Also includes, net change in other operating assets not otherwise defined in the taxonomy.</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInDepositsAndOtherAssets" xml:lang="en-US">Deposits and other assets</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInDepositsAndOtherAssets" xlink:to="lab_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInDepositsAndOtherAssets"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_IncreaseDecreaseInAssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation" xlink:label="loc_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInAssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInAssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) In Assets Of Disposal Group Including Discontinued Operation</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInAssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation" xml:lang="en-US">Assets of discontinued operations</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInAssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation" xml:lang="en-US">The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in assets of discontinued operations.</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInAssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation" xlink:to="lab_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInAssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) In Accounts Payable</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts payable</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Accounts Payable, Total</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilities"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilities" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) In Accrued Liabilities</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilities" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued liabilities</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilities" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued liabilities</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilities" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilities"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_IncreaseDecreaseInLiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation" xlink:label="loc_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInLiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInLiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) In Liabilities Of Disposal Group Including Discontinued Operation</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInLiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities of discontinued operations</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInLiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation" xml:lang="en-US">The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in liabilities of discontinued operations.</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInLiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities of discontinued operations</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInLiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation" xlink:to="lab_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInLiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Operating Activities</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Used In Operating Activities</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Used In Operating Activities</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Investing Activities [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Cash Flows From Investing Activities:</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" xml:lang="en-US">Payments To Acquire Marketable Securities</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase of short-term investments</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase of short-term investments</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleMaturityAndCollectionsOfInvestments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleMaturityAndCollectionsOfInvestments"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleMaturityAndCollectionsOfInvestments" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds From Sale, Maturity and Collection Of Investments</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleMaturityAndCollectionsOfInvestments" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from short-term investments</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleMaturityAndCollectionsOfInvestments" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleMaturityAndCollectionsOfInvestments"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xml:lang="en-US">Payments To Acquire Property, Plant, and Equipment</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xml:lang="en-US">Purchases of property and equipment</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xml:lang="en-US">Payments to Acquire Property, Plant, and Equipment, Total</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xml:lang="en-US">Purchases of property and equipment</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds From Sale Of Property, Plant, and Equipment</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from the sale of equipment</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from the sale of equipment</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Investing Activities</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Investing Activities</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Investing Activities</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Financing Activities [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Cash Flows From Financing Activities:</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds From Stock Options Exercised</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from issuance of common stock for stock option and warrant exercises</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_StockIssuedForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" xlink:label="loc_syn_StockIssuedForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued For Exclusive Channel Collaboration Agreement</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from issuance of common stock for exclusive channel collaboration agreement</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued For Exclusive Channel Collaboration Agreement during the period.</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockIssuedForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from issuance of common stock for exclusive channel collaboration agreement</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_StockIssuedForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement" xlink:to="lab_syn_StockIssuedForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds From Issuance Of Common Stock</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from the issuance of common stock</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from the issuance of common stock</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_RecoveryOfDirectCosts" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RecoveryOfDirectCosts"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RecoveryOfDirectCosts" xml:lang="en-US">Recovery Of Direct Costs</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RecoveryOfDirectCosts" xml:lang="en-US">Cash paid as direct offering costs</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RecoveryOfDirectCosts" xml:lang="en-US">Cash paid as direct offering costs</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RecoveryOfDirectCosts" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RecoveryOfDirectCosts"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Financing Activities</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Financing Activities</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided By Financing Activities</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CashPeriodIncreaseDecrease"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and Cash Equivalents, Period Increase (Decrease)</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xml:lang="en-US">Net decrease in cash</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xml:lang="en-US">Net increase (decrease) in cash</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CashPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashPeriodIncreaseDecrease"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Supplemental Cash Flow Information [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_InterestPaid" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InterestPaid"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InterestPaid" xml:lang="en-US">Interest Paid</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InterestPaid" xml:lang="en-US">Cash paid for interest</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InterestPaid" xml:lang="en-US">Cash paid for interest</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InterestPaid" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InterestPaid"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid" xml:lang="en-US">Income Taxes Paid</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid" xml:lang="en-US">Cash paid for taxes</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid" xml:lang="en-US">Cash paid for taxes</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Cash Flow, Noncash Investing and Financing Activities Disclosure [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_ExchangeOfEquipment" xlink:label="loc_syn_ExchangeOfEquipment"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_ExchangeOfEquipment" xml:lang="en-US">Exchange Of Equipment</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_ExchangeOfEquipment" xml:lang="en-US">Exchange of equipment</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="lab_syn_ExchangeOfEquipment" xml:lang="en-US">Equipment Exchanged during the period.</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_ExchangeOfEquipment" xlink:to="lab_syn_ExchangeOfEquipment"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="syn-20111231.xsd#syn_ReclassificationOfDerivativeLiabilityToAdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:label="loc_syn_ReclassificationOfDerivativeLiabilityToAdditionalPaidInCapital"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_ReclassificationOfDerivativeLiabilityToAdditionalPaidInCapital" xml:lang="en-US">Reclassification Of Derivative Liability To Additional Paid In Capital</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_ReclassificationOfDerivativeLiabilityToAdditionalPaidInCapital" xml:lang="en-US">Reclassification of warrant liability to additional paid-in capital</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_syn_ReclassificationOfDerivativeLiabilityToAdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:to="lab_syn_ReclassificationOfDerivativeLiabilityToAdditionalPaidInCapital"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Organization, Consolidation and Presentation Of Financial Statements [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Organization Disclosure [Abstract]</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Organization, Consolidation and Presentation Of Financial Statements Disclosure [Text Block]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements Disclosure [Text Block]</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsDisclosureTextBlock"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Accounting Policies [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">General Policies [Abstract]</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DiscontinuedOperationsAndDisposalGroupsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DiscontinuedOperationsAndDisposalGroupsAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DiscontinuedOperationsAndDisposalGroupsAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DiscontinuedOperationsAndDisposalGroupsAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Discontinued Operations and Disposal Groups [Abstract]</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DiscontinuedOperationsAndDisposalGroupsAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DiscontinuedOperationsAndDisposalGroupsAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DisposalGroupsIncludingDiscontinuedOperationsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DisposalGroupsIncludingDiscontinuedOperationsDisclosureTextBlock"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisposalGroupsIncludingDiscontinuedOperationsDisclosureTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations, Disclosure [Text Block]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisposalGroupsIncludingDiscontinuedOperationsDisclosureTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations, Disclosure [Text Block]</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DisposalGroupsIncludingDiscontinuedOperationsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DisposalGroupsIncludingDiscontinuedOperationsDisclosureTextBlock"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_DisclosureTextBlockSupplementAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DisclosureTextBlockSupplementAbstract"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureTextBlockSupplementAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Disclosure Text Block Supplement [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureTextBlockSupplementAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Disclosure Text Block Supplement [Abstract]</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DisclosureTextBlockSupplementAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureTextBlockSupplementAbstract"/>
		<loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="http://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2011/elts/us-gaap-2011-01-31.xsd#us-gaap_SupplementalBalanceSheetDisclosuresTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SupplementalBalanceSheetDisclosuresTextBlock"/>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SupplementalBalanceSheetDisclosuresTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Supplemental Balance Sheet Disclosures [Text Block]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SupplementalBalanceSheetDisclosuresTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Supplemental Balance Sheet Disclosures [Text Block]</label>
		<labelArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SupplementalBalanceSheetDisclosuresTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SupplementalBalanceSheetDisclosuresTextBlock"/>
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		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders Equity Note [Abstract]</label>
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		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockPurchaseWarrantsAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Purchase Warrants [Abstract]</label>
		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockPurchaseWarrantsAbstract" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Purchase Warrants [Abstract]</label>
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		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_syn_StockPurchaseWarrantsTextBlock" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Purchase Warrants [Text Block]</label>
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		<label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillImpairmentLoss" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill, Impairment Loss</label>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>12
<FILENAME>syn-20111231_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>ZIP
<SEQUENCE>20
<FILENAME>0001144204-12-028166-xbrl.zip
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px 0pt 0.5in; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-indent: -0.5in;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><b><i>Principles of Consolidation</i></b></p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">All inter-company transactions and accounts have been eliminated in consolidation.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><b><i>Emerging from the Development Stage</i></b></p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">During the second quarter of 2010, the Company emerged from the development stage.&#160;&#160;&#160;A development-stage enterprise is one in which planned principle operations have not commenced or if its operations have commenced, there has been no significant revenue.&#160;&#160; The Company&#8217;s strategy is to license product candidates that have demonstrated a certain level of clinical efficacy and develop them to a stage that results in a significant commercial collaboration.&#160;&#160;On May 6, 2010, the Company entered into a Sublicense Agreement (the &#8220;Meda Agreement&#8221;) with Meda&#160;AB of Sweden (&#8220;Meda&#8221;) and received an up-front payment of $2.5 million. The execution of the Meda Agreement combined with revenues from Adeona Clinical Laboratory were an indication of the commencement of principal operations, and therefore development-stage reporting was no longer required.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><b><i>Use of Estimates</i></b></p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S.A. requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Such estimates and assumptions impact, among others, the following: the amount allocated to goodwill, the estimated useful lives for property and equipment, fair value of warrants and stock options granted for services or compensation, respectively, estimates of the probability and potential magnitude of contingent liabilities, and the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets due to continuing and expected future operating losses.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the consolidated financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates.</p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><b><i>Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts</i></b></p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">Accounts receivable were reported at realizable value, net of allowances for doubtful accounts, which were estimated and recorded in the period the related revenue was recorded. The Company estimated and reviewed the collectability of its receivables based on a number of factors, including the period they were outstanding. Historical collection and payer reimbursement experience was an integral part of the estimation process related to allowances for doubtful accounts associated with Adeona Clinical Laboratory. In addition, the Company regularly assessed the state of its billing operations in order to identify issues, which impacted the collectability of these receivables or reserve estimates. Revisions to the allowances for doubtful accounts estimates were recorded as an adjustment to bad debt expense. Receivables deemed uncollectible were charged against the allowance for doubtful accounts. Recoveries of receivables previously written-off are recorded as credits to the allowance for doubtful accounts.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><b><i>Revenue Recognition</i></b></p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">The Company records revenue when all of the following have occurred: (1) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (2) the service is completed without further obligation, (3) the sales price to the customer is fixed or determinable, and (4) collectability is reasonably assured.&#160;&#160;The Company recognizes milestone payments or upfront payments that have no contingencies as revenue when payment is received.&#160;&#160;For the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company&#8217;s only stream of revenue was laboratory revenue. During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company&#8217;s streams of revenue were license revenue, laboratory revenue and grant revenue.&#160;&#160;&#160;Laboratory revenues are a component of discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010. See Note 3 &#8211; Discontinued Operations of Adeona Clinical Laboratory.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><i>License Revenues</i></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">The Company&#8217;s licensing agreements may contain multiple elements, such as non-refundable up-front fees, payments related to the achievement of particular milestones and royalties. Fees associated with substantive at risk performance-based milestones are recognized as revenue upon completion of the scientific or regulatory event specified in the agreement. When the Company has substantive continuing performance obligations under an arrangement, revenue is recognized over the performance period of the obligations using a time-based proportional performance approach. Under the time-based method, revenue is recognized over the arrangement&#8217;s estimated performance period based on the elapsed time compared to the total estimated performance period. Revenue recognized at any point in time is limited to the amount of non-contingent payments received or due. When the Company has no substantive continuing performance obligations under an arrangement, it recognizes revenue as the related fees become due.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">Revenues from royalties on third-party sales of licensed technologies are generally recognized in accordance with the contract terms when the royalties can be reliably determined and collectibility is reasonably assured. To date, the Company has not received any royalty revenues.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">On May 6, 2010, the Company entered into the Meda Agreement for the development and commercialization of Effirma (oral flupirtine) for fibromyalgia.&#160; As consideration for the sublicense, the Company received an up-front payment of $2.5 million upon execution of the Meda Agreement. This payment was recorded as license revenue in 2010. Pursuant to the Company&#8217;s license agreement with McLean Hospital, the Company paid 15% of the $2.5 million payment ($375,000), that was netted against the revenues received from Meda AB. The Company is also entitled to additional milestone payments of $5 million upon filing of an NDA with the U.S. FDA for oral flupirtine for fibromyalgia and $10 million upon marketing approval. The Meda Agreement also provides that the Company is entitled to receive net royalties of 7% of net sales of oral flupirtine approved for the treatment of fibromyalgia covered by issued patent claims in the U.S. and Japan.&#160;The Meda Agreement provides that Meda AB will assume all future development costs for the commercialization of oral flupirtine for fibromyalgia. Pursuant to the terms of the Company&#8217;s agreement with McLean Hospital, the Company is obligated to pay half of all future royalties the Company receives.&#160;&#160;Future milestone payments will be recorded as revenue when payment is received as there are no future deliverables, and it is non-refundable.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;<i>Laboratory Revenues</i></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">The Company primarily recognized revenue for services rendered upon completion of the testing process. Billing for services reimbursed by third-party payers, including Medicare and Medicaid, were recorded as revenues, net of allowances for differences between amounts billed and the estimated receipts from such payers.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">The Company maintained a sales allowance to compensate for the difference in its billing practices and insurance company reimbursements. In determining this allowance, the Company looked at several factors, the most significant of which is the average difference between the amount charged and the amount reimbursed by insurance carriers over the prior 12 months, otherwise known as the yearly average adjustment amount. The allowance taken was the averaged yearly average adjustment amount for these prior periods and multiplied by the period&#8217;s actual gross sales to determine the actual sales allowance for each period.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">The Company generated reimbursement from&#160;three significant insurance providers in 2011 and 2010.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 60%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;">Customer</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">2011</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">2010</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="width: 33%; text-align: center;">A</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 31%; text-align: center;">70%</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;">65%</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="text-align: center;">B</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">4%</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">11%</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="text-align: center;">C</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">19%</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">14%</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"><i>Grant Revenues</i></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">On November 4, 2010, the Company was awarded two grants totaling $489,000 under the Qualifying Therapeutic Discovery Project (QTDP) Program to support the Company&#8217;s clinical programs. The QTDP Grants Program was included in the healthcare reform legislation and established a one-time pool of $1 billion for grants to small biotechnology companies developing novel therapeutics which show potential to: (a)&#160;result in new therapies that either treat areas of unmet medical need, or prevent, detect, or treat chronic or acute diseases and conditions; (b)&#160;reduce long-term health care costs in the U.S.; or (c)&#160;significantly advance the goal of curing cancer within a 30-year period.&#160;&#160;All grant income was recognized in 2010 and there are no future obligations associated with these grants.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">During 2010 and March 2011, all amounts awarded under these grants had been received. See Note 9 regarding the taxability of grant revenues.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"><i>Revenues, net (in thousands)</i></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 80%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="6">December&#160;31,</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">2011</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">2010</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="width: 64%; text-align: left;">License revenue</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="width: 15%; text-align: right;">-</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="width: 15%; text-align: right;">2,500</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">License fees</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">-</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">(375</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">)</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="text-align: left;">License revenue, net</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">-</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">2,125</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">Grant revenue</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">-</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">489</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">Total revenues, net</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">-</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">2,614</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><b>&#160;</b></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><b><i>Risks and Uncertainties</i></b></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">The Company's operations could be subject to significant risks and uncertainties including financial, operational and regulatory risks and the potential risk of business failure. The global economic crisis has caused a general tightening in the credit markets, lower levels of liquidity, increases in the rates of default and bankruptcy, and extreme volatility in credit, equity and fixed income markets. These conditions may not only limit our access to capital, but also make it difficult for our customers, our vendors and us to accurately forecast and plan future business activities.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><b><i>Cash and Cash Equivalents</i></b></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><b><i>Classification of Marketable Securities as Held to Maturity, Trading, and Available for Sale</i></b></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">The Company determines the appropriate classification of its investments in debt and equity securities at the time of purchase and reevaluates such determinations at each balance sheet date. Debt securities are classified as held to maturity when the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold the securities to maturity. Debt securities for which the Company does not have the intent or ability to hold to maturity are classified as available for sale. Held to maturity securities are recorded as either short-term or long-term on the balance sheet, based on contractual maturity date and are stated at amortized cost. Marketable securities that are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling them in the near term are classified as trading securities and are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses recognized in earnings. Debt and marketable equity securities not classified as held to maturity or as trading, are classified as available for sale, and are carried at fair market value, with the unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, included in the determination of comprehensive income and reported in shareholders&#8217; equity. At December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, the Company had no marketable securities.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company held investments in marketable securities that were classified as held to maturity and consisted of corporate bonds and certificates of deposits as follows <i>(in thousands)</i>:</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<table style="width: 60%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">December 31, 2011</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 72%; text-align: justify;">Purchase of short-term investments</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 25%; text-align: right;">(4,370</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;">)</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify;">Amortization of premium on investments</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;">57</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify;">Proceeds from short-term investments</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;">4,293</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: justify;">Loss on sale of short-term investments</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">20</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: justify;">Fair value</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">-</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><b><i>Property and Equipment</i></b></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">Property and equipment is recorded at cost and depreciated or amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the asset or the underlying lease term for leasehold improvements, whichever is shorter. The estimated useful life by asset description is noted in the following table.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 70%; border-collapse: collapse;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="vertical-align: top;">
<td style="font-weight: bold; width: 48%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; text-align: center;">Asset&#160;Description</td>
<td style="width: 4%; text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; width: 48%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; text-align: center;">Estimated&#160;Useful&#160;Life</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top;">
<td>Office equipment and furniture</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">5&#160;&#160;years</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top;">
<td>Laboratory equipment</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">7-10 years</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top;">
<td>Manufacturing equipment</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">10 years</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top;">
<td>Leasehold improvements and fixtures</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Lesser of estimated useful or life of lease</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">Depreciation expense was approximately $144,000 and $346,000 for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. When assets are disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts. Repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">During 2010, the Company reviewed property and equipment for impairment and determined that certain items had been impaired due to obsolescence. As a result of this review, the Company recorded an impairment loss of approximately $121,000. For the year ended December 31, 2011, there were no significant events or changes in circumstances identified by the Company that would indicate that the carrying value of an asset was not recoverable.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><b><i>Long-Lived Assets</i></b></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If such an event or change in circumstances occurs and potential impairment is indicated because the carrying values exceed the estimated future undiscounted cash flows of the asset, the Company will measure the impairment loss as the amount by which the carrying value of the asset exceeds its fair value.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><b><i>Goodwill</i></b></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">Goodwill was not amortized, and was tested for impairment at the reporting unit level annually and in interim periods if certain events occur indicating that the carrying value of goodwill was impaired. A reporting unit was an operating segment for which discrete financial information was available and was regularly reviewed by management. The Company had one reporting unit, Adeona Clinical Laboratory, to which goodwill was assigned.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">The carrying amounts of the Company&#8217;s short-term financial instruments, including accounts receivable, other current assets, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, approximate fair value due to the relatively short period to maturity for these instruments.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><b><i>Stock-Based Payment Arrangements</i></b></p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><b><i>Recent Accounting Pronouncements</i></b></p>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
      <tr>
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          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Organization and Nature of Operations and Basis of Presentation<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
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          <div>Dec. 31, 2011</div>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Organization, Consolidation and Presentation Of Financial Statements [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: top;">
<td style="width: 0.5in;"><b>1.</b></td>
<td><b>Organization and Nature of Operations and Basis of Presentation</b></td>
</tr>
</table>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px 0pt 0.5in; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-indent: -0.5in;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><b><i>Description of Business</i></b></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">Synthetic Biologics, Inc. (the &#8220;Company&#8221; or &#8220;Synthetic Biologics&#8221;), formerly Adeona Pharmaceuticals, Inc., is a biotechnology company focused on the development of synthetic DNA-based therapeutics and innovative disease-modifying medicines for serious illnesses. In the area of synthetic biology, the Company is initially developing a product candidate to treat PAH. The Company also intends to expand new and existing collaborations in the synthetic biology area. In addition, Synthetic Biologics has several clinical-stage programs that are being funded, or partially funded, by grants, charitable organizations and corporate partners. In this area we are developing, or have partnered the development of, product candidates to treat relapsing-remitting MS, cognitive dysfunction in MS, fibromyalgia and ALS.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
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<td style="font-weight: bold; width: 25%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; text-align: center;">Medical Indication</td>
<td style="width: 2%; text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; width: 25%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; text-align: center;">Product Candidate</td>
<td style="width: 2%; text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; width: 46%; border-bottom: windowtext 1pt solid; text-align: center;">Status</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: top;">
<td style="text-align: center;">PAH</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Synthetic DNA-based therapy</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Preclinical</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: top;">
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top;">
<td style="text-align: center;">Relapsing-remitting MS</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: center;">Trimesta</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: center;">(estriol)</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">All patients enrolled in Phase II clinical trial; <br  />dosing and monitoring underway</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top;">
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top;">
<td style="text-align: center;">Cognitive dysfunction in <br  />MS</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: center;">Trimesta</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: center;">(estriol)</p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Patient enrollment underway in Phase II <br  />clinical trial</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top;">
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top;">
<td style="text-align: center;">Fibromyalgia</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Effirma</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Partnered with Meda AB</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top;">
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">(oral flupirtine)</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top;">
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top;">
<td style="text-align: center;">ALS</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">AEN-100</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Clinical trial preparation underway</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: top;">
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">(gastroretentive zinc acetate)</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">On December 21, 2011, Synthetic Biologics announced that the Board of Directors had taken several actions to prioritize its focus on our entry into the emerging field of synthetic biology. The Company also announced that it intends to seek marketing partners for its zinc-based products <i>reaZin</i>&#8482; and <i>wellZin</i>&#8482;.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><b><i>Basis of Presentation and Corporate Structure</i></b></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">As of December 31, 2011, the Company had eight active subsidiaries, Pipex Therapeutics, Inc. (&#8220;Pipex Therapeutics&#8221;), Adeona Clinical Laboratory (formerly Hart Lab, LLC), Effective Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (&#8220;EPI&#8221;), Solovax, Inc. (&#8220;Solovax&#8221;), CD4 Biosciences, Inc. (&#8220;CD4&#8221;), Epitope Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (&#8220;Epitope&#8221;), Healthmine, Inc. (&#8220;Healthmine&#8221;) and Putney Drug Corp. (&#8220;Putney&#8221;). As of December 31, 2011, EPI, Adeona Clinical Laboratory, Healthmine and Putney are wholly owned and Pipex Therapeutics, Solovax, CD4 and Epitope are majority-owned.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">For financial reporting purposes, the outstanding common stock of the Company is that of Synthetic Biologics, Inc. All statements of operations, stockholders&#8217; equity and cash flows for each of the entities are presented as consolidated. All subsidiaries were formed under the laws of the State of Delaware on January 8, 2001, except for EPI, which was incorporated in Delaware on December 12, 2000, Epitope which was incorporated in Delaware in January of 2002, Putney which was incorporated in Delaware in November of 2006, Healthmine which was formed in Delaware in December of 2007 and Adeona Clinical Laboratory which was incorporated in Illinois as a limited liability company on August 8, 2005.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<div style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">On March 8, 2012, the Company sold all of its interest in Adeona Clinical Laboratory, LLC (the &#8220;Lab&#8221;) to Hartlab, LLC, an entity controlled by the Lab&#8217;s former owner, in consideration for (i) the immediate assignment of the Lab&#8217;s outstanding accounts receivable up through the date of closing, plus (ii) $700,000 payable pursuant to the terms of a two-year non-recourse promissory note secured by all the assets of the Lab. Accordingly, this business has been presented in the consolidated financial statements as discontinued operations. This transaction is described in more detail in Note 3 &#8211; Discontinued Operations of Adeona Clinical Laboratory.</div><span></span></td>
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                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>nonnum:textBlockItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
    </div>
  </body>
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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>25
<FILENAME>R2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
  <head>
    <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
    <link rel="StyleSheet" type="text/css" href="report.css"><script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script></head>
  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EN3AE">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Balance Sheets (USD $)<br>In Thousands, unless otherwise specified</strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Dec. 31, 2011</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Dec. 31, 2010</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract', window );"><strong>Assets</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Cash', window );">Cash</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 6,678<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 2,649<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent', window );">Accounts receivable - net</a></td>
        <td class="nump">405<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">339<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Other</a></td>
        <td class="nump">16<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">343<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent', window );">Assets of discontinued operations</a></td>
        <td class="nump">23<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">214<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">Total Current Assets</a></td>
        <td class="nump">7,122<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">3,545<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Property and equipment, net</a></td>
        <td class="nump">323<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">475<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_syn_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNoncurrent', window );">Deposits and other assets</a></td>
        <td class="nump">31<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">91<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total Assets</a></td>
        <td class="nump">7,476<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">4,111<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent', window );">Accounts payable</a></td>
        <td class="nump">388<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">266<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Accrued liabilities</a></td>
        <td class="nump">29<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">210<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent', window );">Liabilities of discontinued operations</a></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">24<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Total Current Liabilities</a></td>
        <td class="nump">417<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">500<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Long Term Liabilities:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableInterestBearingNoncurrent', window );">Accounts payable</a></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">32<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Liabilities', window );">Total Liabilities</a></td>
        <td class="nump">417<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">532<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Stockholders' Equity:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue', window );">Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized, none issued and outstanding</a></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Common stock, $0.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized, 31,374,002 issued and 31,292,520 outstanding and 23,420,189 issued and 23,338,707 outstanding</a></td>
        <td class="nump">31<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">23<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
        <td class="nump">58,901<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">47,280<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Accumulated deficit</a></td>
        <td class="num">(51,873)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(43,724)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Total Stockholders' Equity</a></td>
        <td class="nump">7,059<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">3,579<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">Total Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 7,476<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 4,111<span></span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
    <div style="display: none;">
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNoncurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Carrying value of amounts transferred to third parties for security purposes that are expected to be returned or applied towards payment after one year or beyond the operating cycle, if longer and also includes aggregate carrying amount, as of the balance sheet date, of noncurrent assets not separately disclosed in the balance sheet due to materiality considerations. Noncurrent assets are expected to be realized or consumed after one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_DepositsAndOtherAssetsNoncurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 19<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph a<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19(a))<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableInterestBearingNoncurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and due after one year (or beyond the operating cycle if longer) to vendors that bear interest at either a stated or an imputed rate.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 24<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.24)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AccountsPayableInterestBearingNoncurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount due from customers or clients, within one year of the balance sheet date (or the normal operating cycle, whichever is longer), for goods or services (including trade receivables) that have been delivered or sold in the normal course of business, reduced to the estimated net realizable fair value by an allowance established by the entity of the amount it deems uncertain of collection.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 3<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph a(1)<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 4<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.3-4)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 20<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.20)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Value received from shareholders in common stock-related transactions that are in excess of par value or stated value and amounts received from other stock-related transactions. Includes only common stock transactions (excludes preferred stock transactions). May be called contributed capital, capital in excess of par, capital surplus, or paid-in capital.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 31<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.30(a)(1))<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalCommonStock</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Assets">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are recognized. Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Article 7<br><br><br><br> -Section 03<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 12<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Concepts (CON)<br><br><br><br> -Number 6<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 25<br><br><br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 18<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.18)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_Assets</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AssetsAbstract</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all assets that are expected to be realized in cash, sold, or consumed within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer). Assets are probable future economic benefits obtained or controlled by an entity as a result of past transactions or events.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 3<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6361293&amp;loc=d3e6801-107765<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6361293&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 9<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.9)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6361293&amp;loc=d3e6676-107765<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AssetsCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The aggregate value (measured at the lower of net carrying value or fair value less cost of disposal) for current assets (assets with expected useful life shorter than one year or one operating cycle, whichever is longer) of a disposal group, including a component of the entity (discontinued operation), to be sold or that has subsequently been disposed of through sale, as of the financial statement date.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br><br><br> -Number 144<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 46<br><br><br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 205<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 20<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6892542&amp;loc=d3e1107-107759<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Cash">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Unrestricted cash available for day-to-day operating needs, for an entity that has cash equivalents, but does not aggregate cash equivalents with cash on the balance sheet.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.1)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br><br><br> -Number 95<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 7<br><br><br><br> -Footnote 1<br><br><br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Glossary Cash<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6506951<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_Cash</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable common stock (or common stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable common shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 30<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CommonStockValue</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Liabilities">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all liabilities that are recognized. Liabilities are probable future sacrifices of economic benefits arising from present obligations of an entity to transfer assets or provide services to other entities in the future.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.19-26)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_Liabilities</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Total of all Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity items (or Partners' Capital, as applicable), including the portion of equity attributable to noncontrolling interests, if any.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 32<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.32)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Article 7<br><br><br><br> -Section 03<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 25<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity</nobr></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent">
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          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Total obligations incurred as part of normal operations that are expected to be paid during the following twelve months or within one business cycle, if longer.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 21<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.21)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent</nobr></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
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          </td>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_LiabilitiesNoncurrentAbstract</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of current obligations (due less than one year or one operating cycle, if longer) arising from the sale, disposal or planned sale in the near future (generally within one year) of a disposal group, including a component of the entity (discontinued operation).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br><br><br> -Number 144<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 46<br><br><br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 205<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 20<br><br><br><br> -Section 45<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6892542&amp;loc=d3e1107-107759<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 205<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 20<br><br><br><br> -Section 50<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6360339&amp;loc=d3e1361-107760<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_LiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperationCurrent</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
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            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Aggregate carrying amount, as of the balance sheet date, of current assets not separately disclosed in the balance sheet. Current assets are expected to be realized or consumed within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 8<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.8)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
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            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable preferred stock (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable preferred shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br><br><br> -Number 129<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8<br><br><br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 505<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6959260&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Principles Board Opinion (APB)<br><br><br><br> -Number 12<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br><br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.28)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 04<br><br><br><br> -Article 3<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 29<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_PreferredStockValue</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
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          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Tangible assets that are held by an entity for use in the production or supply of goods and services, for rental to others, or for administrative purposes and that are expected to provide economic benefit for more than one year; net of accumulated depreciation. Examples include land, buildings, machinery and equipment, and other types of furniture and equipment including, but not limited to, office equipment, furniture and fixtures, and computer equipment and software.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.13)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Article 7<br><br><br><br> -Section 03<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 8<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 13<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph a<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br><br><br> -Number 12<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 5<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph b, c<br><br><br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 360<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section 50<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6391035&amp;loc=d3e2868-110229<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cumulative amount of the reporting entity's undistributed earnings or deficit.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.31(a)(3))<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Principles Board Opinion (APB)<br><br><br><br> -Number 12<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br><br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 31<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 04<br><br><br><br> -Article 3<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit</nobr></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
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                <p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which are attributable to the parent. The amount of the economic entity's stockholders' equity attributable to the parent excludes the amount of stockholders' equity which is allocable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (noncontrolling interest, minority interest). This excludes temporary equity and is sometimes called permanent equity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 210<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29-31)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br><br><br> -Number 51<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph A3<br><br><br><br> -Appendix A<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br><br><br> -Number 210<br><br><br><br> -Section 02<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 29, 30, 31<br><br><br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br><br><br> -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)<br><br><br><br> -Number Topic 4<br><br><br><br> -Section E<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br><br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br><br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br><br><br> -Topic 310<br><br><br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br><br><br> -Section S99<br><br><br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br><br><br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 4.E)<br><br><br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6228006&amp;loc=d3e74512-122707<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br></p>
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                <p>Stock Issuance Cost during the period.</p>
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      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnDerivativeInstrumentsNetPretax', window );">Warrant expense</a></td>
        <td class="nump">1,492<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_syn_ChangeInFairValueOfWarrantLiability', window );">Change in fair value of warrant liability</a></td>
        <td class="nump">242<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Depreciation', window );">Depreciation</a></td>
        <td class="nump">144<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">346<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts', window );">Provision for uncollectible accounts receivable</a></td>
        <td class="nump">414<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">130<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentForAmortization', window );">Amortization of premium on investments</a></td>
        <td class="nump">57<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_HeldtomaturitySecuritiesSoldSecurityRealizedGainLossExcludingOtherThanTemporaryImpairments', window );">Loss on sale of short-term investment</a></td>
        <td class="nump">20<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment', window );">(Gain) loss on sale of equipment</a></td>
        <td class="nump">6<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(3)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_syn_EquipmentImpairmentLoss', window );">Impairment loss on equipment</a></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">121<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfAccountsReceivable', window );">Gain on the settlement of accounts payable</a></td>
        <td class="num">(63)<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract', window );"><strong>Changes in operating assets and liabilities:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable', window );">Accounts receivable</a></td>
        <td class="num">(480)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(438)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentAssets', window );">Other current assets</a></td>
        <td class="nump">327<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(335)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInDepositsAndOtherAssets', window );">Deposits and other assets</a></td>
        <td class="nump">60<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInAssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation', window );">Assets of discontinued operations</a></td>
        <td class="nump">191<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">13<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable', window );">Accounts payable</a></td>
        <td class="nump">153<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(196)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilities', window );">Accrued liabilities</a></td>
        <td class="num">(181)<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">202<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInLiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation', window );">Liabilities of discontinued operations</a></td>
        <td class="num">(24)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(5)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities', window );">Net Cash Used In Operating Activities</a></td>
        <td class="num">(2,875)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(1,145)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash Flows From Investing Activities:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities', window );">Purchase of short-term investments</a></td>
        <td class="num">(4,370)<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleMaturityAndCollectionsOfInvestments', window );">Proceeds from short-term investments</a></td>
        <td class="nump">4,293<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Purchases of property and equipment</a></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(12)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Proceeds from the sale of equipment</a></td>
        <td class="nump">2<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">77<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities', window );">Net Cash Provided By (Used In) Investing Activities</a></td>
        <td class="num">(75)<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">65<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash Flows From Financing Activities:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised', window );">Proceeds from issuance of common stock for stock option and warrant exercises</a></td>
        <td class="nump">15<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">129<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_syn_StockIssuedForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement', window );">Proceeds from issuance of common stock for exclusive channel collaboration agreement</a></td>
        <td class="nump">3<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock', window );">Proceeds from the issuance of common stock</a></td>
        <td class="nump">7,500<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">1,000<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RecoveryOfDirectCosts', window );">Cash paid as direct offering costs</a></td>
        <td class="num">(539)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(115)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities', window );">Net Cash Provided By Financing Activities</a></td>
        <td class="nump">6,979<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">1,014<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashPeriodIncreaseDecrease', window );">Net increase (decrease) in cash</a></td>
        <td class="nump">4,029<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(66)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Cash', window );">Cash at beginning of year</a></td>
        <td class="nump">2,649<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">2,715<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Cash', window );">Cash at end of year</a></td>
        <td class="nump">6,678<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">2,649<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract', window );"><strong>Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestPaid', window );">Cash paid for interest</a></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">10<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid', window );">Cash paid for taxes</a></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_syn_ExchangeOfEquipment', window );">Exchange of equipment</a></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">64<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_syn_ReclassificationOfDerivativeLiabilityToAdditionalPaidInCapital', window );">Reclassification of warrant liability to additional paid-in capital</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 1,734<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 0<span></span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
    <div style="display: none;">
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_ChangeInFairValueOfWarrantLiability">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The increase (decrease) during the period in the carrying value of derivative instruments reported as liabilities that are due to be disposed of within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_ChangeInFairValueOfWarrantLiability</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_EquipmentImpairmentLoss">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Impairment loss on equipment during the period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_EquipmentImpairmentLoss</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_ExchangeOfEquipment">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Equipment Exchanged during the period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_ExchangeOfEquipment</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInAssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in assets of discontinued operations.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_IncreaseDecreaseInAssetsOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInDepositsAndOtherAssets">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The aggregate net change during the reporting period in moneys given as security, collateral, or margin deposits. Also includes, net change in other operating assets not otherwise defined in the taxonomy.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_IncreaseDecreaseInDepositsAndOtherAssets</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_IncreaseDecreaseInLiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in liabilities of discontinued operations.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_IncreaseDecreaseInLiabilitiesOfDisposalGroupIncludingDiscontinuedOperation</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_IssueOfStockForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Stock issued for exclusive channel collaboration agreement during the period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_IssueOfStockForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_ReclassificationOfDerivativeLiabilityToAdditionalPaidInCapital">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>No authoritative reference available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_ReclassificationOfDerivativeLiabilityToAdditionalPaidInCapital</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_StockIssuedAsCompensation">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The noncash expense that accounts for the value of stock options distributed to employees as compensation.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_StockIssuedAsCompensation</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_StockIssuedForConsultingFees">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The fair value of restricted stock or stock options granted to nonemployees as payment for consulting fees.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_StockIssuedForConsultingFees</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_StockIssuedForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Stock Issued For Exclusive Channel Collaboration Agreement during the period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_StockIssuedForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_StockIssuedForLicenseFee">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>issued of stock based on license fee During the period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_StockIssuedForLicenseFee</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentForAmortization">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The aggregate amount of recurring noncash expense charged against earnings in the period to allocate the cost of assets over their estimated remaining economic lives.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (b)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AdjustmentForAmortization</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Cash">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Unrestricted cash available for day-to-day operating needs, for an entity that has cash equivalents, but does not aggregate cash equivalents with cash on the balance sheet.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.1)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 7<br><br> -Footnote 1<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Cash<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6506951<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_Cash</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CashFlowNoncashInvestingAndFinancingActivitiesDisclosureAbstract</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashPeriodIncreaseDecrease">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The increase (decrease) in cash, excluding cash equivalents, for an entity that has cash equivalents, but does not aggregate cash equivalents with cash on the balance sheet. For example, an entity that aggregates cash equivalents with investments discloses the balance of cash excluding cash equivalents on the balance sheet and the change in cash excluding cash equivalents on the statement of cash flows. While for technical reasons this element has no balance attribute, the default assumption is a debit balance consistent with its label.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CashPeriodIncreaseDecrease</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Depreciation">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The amount of expense recognized in the current period that reflects the allocation of the cost of tangible assets over the assets' useful lives. Includes production and non-production related depreciation.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Principles Board Opinion (APB)<br><br> -Number 12<br><br> -Paragraph 5<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (b)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_Depreciation</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnDerivativeInstrumentsNetPretax">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Aggregate net gain (loss) on all derivative instruments recognized in earnings during the period, before tax effects.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 815<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 4A<br><br> -Subparagraph (b)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6935481&amp;loc=SL5618551-113959<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_GainLossOnDerivativeInstrumentsNetPretax</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfAccountsReceivable">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Reflects the net positive or negative amount derived from subtracting from net proceeds of sale, the carrying amounts, net of allocated reserves, of accounts receivable transferred to a third party in a transaction that qualifies for sales treatment.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Statement of Position (SOP)<br><br> -Number 01-6<br><br> -Paragraph 13<br><br> -Subparagraph d<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 860<br><br> -SubTopic 20<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 5<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6942082&amp;loc=d3e107425-111719<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfAccountsReceivable</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The difference between the sale price or salvage price and the book value of a property, plant, and equipment asset that was sold or retired during the reporting period. This element refers to the gain (loss).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (b)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_HeldtomaturitySecuritiesSoldSecurityRealizedGainLossExcludingOtherThanTemporaryImpairments">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>This item represents the gain (loss) realized on the sale of held-to-maturity securities disposed of during the period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 115<br><br> -Paragraph 16<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 115<br><br> -Paragraph 22<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_HeldtomaturitySecuritiesSoldSecurityRealizedGainLossExcludingOtherThanTemporaryImpairments</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperations">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>This element represents the income or loss from continuing operations attributable to the parent which may also be defined as revenue less expenses and taxes from ongoing operations before extraordinary items but after deduction of those portions of income or loss from continuing operations that are allocable to noncontrolling interests, if any.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 260<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph 29<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 810<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 18<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6921628&amp;loc=SL4613673-111683<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph 38<br><br> -Subparagraph b(1)<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.13)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6880815&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperations</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromDiscontinuedOperationsNetOfTaxAttributableToReportingEntity">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>This element represents the overall income (loss) from a disposal group apportioned to the parent that is classified as a component of the entity, net of income tax, reported as a separate component of income before extraordinary items after deduction or consideration of the amount which may be allocable to noncontrolling interests, if any. Includes the following (net of tax): income (loss) from operations during the phase-out period, gain (loss) on disposal, provision (or any reversals of earlier provisions) for loss on disposal, and adjustments of a prior period gain (loss) on disposal.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 810<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 19<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6921628&amp;loc=SL4569616-111683<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph 29<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph 38<br><br> -Subparagraph b(2)<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncomeLossFromDiscontinuedOperationsNetOfTaxAttributableToReportingEntity</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The amount of cash paid during the current period to foreign, federal, state, and local authorities as taxes on income.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 25<br><br> -Subparagraph (f)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 29<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 27<br><br> -Subparagraph f<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6367179&amp;loc=d3e4297-108586<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the aggregate amount of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayable</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in amount due within one year (or one business cycle) from customers for the credit sale of goods and services.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilities">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the aggregate amount of expenses incurred but not yet paid.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedLiabilities</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentAssets">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in other current operating assets not separately disclosed in the statement of cash flows.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentAssets</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestPaid">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The amount of cash paid for interest during the period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 29<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 25<br><br> -Subparagraph (e)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6367179&amp;loc=d3e4297-108586<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_InterestPaid</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The net cash inflow or outflow from financing activity for the period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 26<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 24<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 26<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3574-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The net cash inflow or outflow from investing activity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 26<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 24<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 26<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3574-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The net cash from (used in) all of the entity's operating activities, including those of discontinued operations, of the reporting entity. Operating activities generally involve producing and delivering goods and providing services. Operating activity cash flows include transactions, adjustments, and changes in value that are not defined as investing or financing activities. While for technical reasons this element has no balance attribute, the default assumption is a debit balance consistent with its label.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 24<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3521-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 25<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3536-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 26<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
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            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cash outflow from purchases of trading, available-for-sale securities and held-to-maturity securities.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Investing Activities<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6516133<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 13<br><br> -Subparagraph (a),(b)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 15<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 320<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 11<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6871852&amp;loc=d3e26853-111562<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 17<br><br> -Subparagraph b<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 17<br><br> -Subparagraph a<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of long-lived, physical assets that are used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale; includes cash outflows to pay for construction of self-constructed assets.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 13<br><br> -Subparagraph (c)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3213-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 15<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 17<br><br> -Subparagraph c<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Investing Activities<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6516133<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cash inflow from the additional capital contribution to the entity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 14<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 18<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 19<br><br> -Subparagraph a<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Financing Activities<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6513228<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleMaturityAndCollectionsOfInvestments">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cash inflow associated with the sale, maturity and collection of all investments such as debt, security and so forth during the period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 31<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 12<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3179-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 15<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Investing Activities<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6516133<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 16<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 115<br><br> -Paragraph 18<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleMaturityAndCollectionsOfInvestments</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cash inflow from the sale of long-lived, physical assets that are used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 12<br><br> -Subparagraph (c)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3179-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 15<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 16<br><br> -Subparagraph c<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Investing Activities<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6516133<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The cash inflow associated with the amount received from holders exercising their stock options. This item inherently excludes any excess tax benefit, which the entity may have realized and reported separately.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Financing Activities<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6513228<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (j)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 123R<br><br> -Paragraph A240<br><br> -Subparagraph i<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 14<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3255-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 18<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 19<br><br> -Subparagraph a<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Amount of the current period expense charged against operations, the offset which is generally to the allowance for doubtful accounts for the purpose of reducing receivables, including notes receivable, to an amount that approximates their net realizable value (the amount expected to be collected).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.5)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6880815&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Article 5<br><br> -Section 03<br><br> -Paragraph 5<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Return of or reimbursements received in relation to direct costs and expenses previously paid or incurred.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.2)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6880815&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_RecoveryOfDirectCosts</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The aggregate amount of noncash, equity-based employee remuneration. This may include the value of stock or unit options, amortization of restricted stock or units, and adjustment for officers' compensation. As noncash, this element is an add back when calculating net cash generated by operating activities using the indirect method.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract">
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                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract</nobr></td>
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                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0ECMAC">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Balance Sheets [Parenthetical] (USD $)<br></strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Dec. 31, 2011</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Dec. 31, 2010</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 0.001<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 0.001<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
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        <td class="nump">10,000,000<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">10,000,000<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued', window );">Preferred stock, shares issued</a></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Preferred stock, shares outstanding</a></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 0.001<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 0.001<span></span></td>
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      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Common stock, shares authorized</a></td>
        <td class="nump">100,000,000<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">100,000,000<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Common stock, shares issued</a></td>
        <td class="nump">31,374,002<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">23,420,189<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Common stock, shares outstanding</a></td>
        <td class="nump">31,292,520<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">23,338,707<span></span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
    <div style="display: none;">
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Face amount or stated value of common stock per share; generally not indicative of the fair market value per share.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 30<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 129<br><br> -Paragraph 4<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>num:perShareItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
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                </table>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The maximum number of common shares permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 30<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Total number of common shares of an entity that have been sold or granted to shareholders (includes common shares that were issued, repurchased and remain in the treasury). These shares represent capital invested by the firm's shareholders and owners, and may be all or only a portion of the number of shares authorized. Shares issued include shares outstanding and shares held in the treasury.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 30<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Total number of shares of common stock held by shareholders. May be all or portion of the number of common shares authorized. These shares represent the ownership interest of the common shareholders. Shares outstanding equals shares issued minus shares held in treasury and other adjustments, if any.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6959260&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6928386&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Principles Board Opinion (APB)<br><br> -Number 12<br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 04<br><br> -Article 3<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 30<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
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          </td>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Face amount or stated value per share of nonredeemable preferred stock (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer); generally not indicative of the fair market value per share.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.28)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Principles Board Opinion (APB)<br><br> -Number 12<br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Article 5<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 29<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 129<br><br> -Paragraph 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
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                <p>The maximum number of nonredeemable preferred shares (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer) permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Article 5<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 29<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 129<br><br> -Paragraph 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.28)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br></p>
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                <p>Total number of nonredeemable preferred shares (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer) issued to shareholders (includes related preferred shares that were issued, repurchased, and remain in the treasury). May be all or portion of the number of preferred shares authorized. Excludes preferred shares that are classified as debt.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Article 5<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 29<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.28)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br></p>
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                <p>Aggregate share number for all nonredeemable preferred stock (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer) held by stockholders. Does not include preferred shares that have been repurchased.</p>
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                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Article 5<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 29<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.28)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br></p>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0ELE">
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        <td class="text"><p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><b>10. Subsequent Event</b></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">On December 20, 2011, the Company entered into a consulting agreement for financial advisory services, for a period of twelve months. As compensation for such services, the consultant will be paid a monthly fee of $10,000 and was issued a warrant exercisable for 100,000 shares of the Company&#8217;s common stock. The warrant is exercisable upon issuance for a period of five years from the date of issue at an exercise price equal to the price of the Company&#8217;s common stock on the date of issue. The issue date of the warrant is February 2, 2012.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">The fair value of the warrant approximated $200,000 and was measured using the Black-Scholes valuation model. The assumptions used by the Company are summarized in the following table:</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
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<td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; width: 40%; text-align: center;">$1.14</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 0.75pt;">Expected dividends</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center;">0%</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 0.75pt;">Expected volatility</td>
<td style="padding-right: 0.8pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center;">174%</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 0.75pt;">Risk free interest rate</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 0.75pt;">Expected forfeitures</td>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">On May 1, 2012, the Company was informed by Berman &amp; Company, P.A. (&#8220;Berman &amp; Company&#8221;), the Company&#8217;s independent registered accounting firm, that during a regular Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (&#8220;PCAOB&#8221;) inspection of Berman &amp; Company, the PCAOB issued a comment that the audit opinion included in the Company&#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 was issued by a partner at Berman &amp; Company who was not authorized under the PCAOB rules to issue the opinion or act as our named engagement partner with respect to the Form 10-K audit (or prior 2011 Form 10-Q interim reviews) after the original engagement partner rotated off the account under the Securities and Exchange Commission&#8217;s independence rules as it pertains to partner rotation (S-X Rule 2-01 - Qualifications of Accountants).</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">The Company believes that the previously filed financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011 are accurate. In addition, the Company has not been informed by Berman &amp; Company or the PCAOB, that the previously filed financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011 are not accurate or otherwise invalid. As a matter of precaution the new engagement partner at Berman &amp; Company has since: (i) taken full responsibility for the audit as the lead engagement partner on the audit, (ii) performed a detailed review of all audit procedures related to the original audit for sufficiency and (iii) reissued the audit opinion. The review performed by the new audit partner did not result in any changes to the Company&#8217;s financial statements or notes to the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011, other than the addition of the May 1, 2012 and May 10, 2012 disclosures in this subsequent event note to the financial statements.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<p style="text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"></p>
<p style="text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">On May 10, 2012, Jeffrey J. Kraws was appointed as the independent, non-executive Chairman of the Board. For his service as independent, non-executive Chairman of the Board, Mr. Kraws will be issued options exercisable for 100,000 shares of the Company&#8217;s common stock and will receive annual compensation of $150,000. The fair value of these options will be measured using the Black-Scholes valuation model.</p><span></span></td>
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                <p>The entire disclosure for significant events or transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date through the date the financial statements were issued or the date the financial statements were available to be issued. Examples include: the sale of a capital stock issue, purchase of a business, settlement of litigation, catastrophic loss, significant foreign exchange rate changes, loans to insiders or affiliates, and transactions not in the ordinary course of business.</p>
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                <p>No definition available.</p>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EHUAE">
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        <td class="text">--12-31<span></span></td>
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        <td class="text">Smaller Reporting Company<span></span></td>
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        <td class="text">syn<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus', window );">Document Fiscal Period Focus</a></td>
        <td class="text">FY<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus', window );">Document Fiscal Year Focus</a></td>
        <td class="text">2011<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer', window );">Entity Well-Known Seasoned Issuer</a></td>
        <td class="text">No<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers', window );">Entity Voluntary Filers</a></td>
        <td class="text">No<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus', window );">Entity Current Reporting Status</a></td>
        <td class="text">Yes<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityPublicFloat', window );">Entity Public Float</a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 16,266,000<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentDescription', window );">Amendment Description</a></td>
        <td class="text">On May 1, 2012, we were informed by Berman & Company, P.A. ("Berman & Company"), our independent registered accounting firm, that during a regular Public Company Accounting Oversight Board ("PCAOB") inspection of Berman & Company, the PCAOB issued a comment that the audit opinion included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011 was issued by a partner at Berman & Company who was not authorized under the PCAOB rules to issue the opinion or act as our named engagement partner with respect to the Form 10-K audit (or prior 2011 Form 10-Q interim reviews) after the original engagement partner rotated off the account under the Securities and Exchange Commission's independence rules as it pertains to partner rotation (S-X Rule 2-01 - Qualifications of Accountants). We believe that our previously filed financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011 are accurate. In addition, we have not been informed by Berman & Company or the PCAOB, that our previously filed financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011 are not accurate or otherwise invalid. As a matter of precaution the new engagement partner at Berman & Company has since: (i) taken full responsibility for the audit as the lead engagement partner on the audit, (ii) performed a detailed review of all audit procedures related to the original audit for sufficiency and (iii) reissued the audit opinion. We are filing this Annual Report on Form 10-K/A solely for the purpose of providing the reissued audit opinion and related disclosure, and subsequent event disclosure regarding the appointment of an independent, non-executive Chairman of the Board on May 10, 2012. The review performed by the new audit partner did not result in any changes to our financial statements or notes to the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2011, other than the addition of the May 1, 2012 and May 10, 2012 disclosures in the subsequent event note to the financial statements.<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
    <div style="display: none;">
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentDescription">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Description of changes contained within amended document.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>dei_AmendmentDescription</nobr></td>
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                    <td>dei_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>If the value is true, then the document as an amendment to previously-filed/accepted document.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>dei_AmendmentFlag</nobr></td>
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                    <td>duration</td>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate</nobr></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>dei_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:gMonthDayItemType</td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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              </div>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>This is focus fiscal period of the document report. For a first quarter 2006 quarterly report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, the first fiscal quarter should be given as the fiscal period focus. Values: FY, Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, H1, H2, M9, T1, T2, T3, M8, CY.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus</nobr></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>dei_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>dei:fiscalPeriodItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>This is focus fiscal year of the document report in CCYY format. For a 2006 annual report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, fiscal 2006 should be given as the fiscal year focus. Example: 2006.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus</nobr></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>dei_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:gYearItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The end date of the period reflected on the cover page if a periodic report. For all other reports and registration statements containing historical data, it is the date up through which that historical data is presented.  If there is no historical data in the report, use the filing date. The format of the date is CCYY-MM-DD.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</nobr></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>dei_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, N-1A, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, minus any "/A" suffix. The acceptable values are as follows: S-1, S-3, S-4, S-11, F-1, F-3, F-4, F-9, F-10, 6-K, 8-K, 10, 10-K, 10-Q, 20-F, 40-F, N-1A, 485BPOS, 497, NCSR, N-CSR, N-CSRS, N-Q, 10-KT, 10-QT, 20-FT, POS AM and Other.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>dei_DocumentType</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>dei_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
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                    <td>na</td>
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                    <td>duration</td>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation 12B<br><br> -Number 240<br><br> -Section 12b<br><br> -Subsection 1<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</nobr></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>dei_</td>
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                    <td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Indicate number of shares outstanding of each of registrant's classes of common stock, as of latest practicable date. Where multiple classes exist define each class by adding class of stock items such as Common Class A [Member], Common Class B [Member] onto the Instrument [Domain] of the Entity Listings, Instrument</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding</nobr></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>dei_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
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            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Indicate "Yes" or "No" whether registrants (1) have filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that registrants were required to file such reports), and (2) have been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus</nobr></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>dei_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Indicate whether the registrant is one of the following: (1) Large Accelerated Filer, (2) Accelerated Filer, (3) Non-accelerated Filer, or (4) Smaller Reporting Company. Definitions of these categories are stated in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>dei_EntityFilerCategory</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>dei_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>dei:filerCategoryItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>State aggregate market value of voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to price at which the common equity was last sold, or average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter. The public float should be reported on the cover page of the registrants form 10K.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>dei_EntityPublicFloat</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>dei_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation 12B<br><br> -Number 240<br><br> -Section 12b<br><br> -Subsection 1<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>dei_EntityRegistrantName</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>dei_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Indicate "Yes" or "No" if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>dei_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Indicate "Yes" or "No" if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Is used on Form Type: 10-K, 10-Q, 8-K, 20-F, 6-K, 10-K/A, 10-Q/A, 20-F/A, 6-K/A, N-CSR, N-Q, N-1A.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>dei_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>dei_TradingSymbol</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>dei_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
    </div>
  </body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>32
<FILENAME>R4.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
  <head>
    <META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
    <link rel="StyleSheet" type="text/css" href="report.css"><script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script></head>
  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EX3AE">
      <tr>
        <th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2">
          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Operations (USD $)<br>In Thousands, except Share data, unless otherwise specified</strong></div>
        </th>
        <th class="th" colspan="2">12 Months Ended</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Dec. 31, 2011</div>
        </th>
        <th class="th">
          <div>Dec. 31, 2010</div>
        </th>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenuesAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenues:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LicensesRevenue', window );">License revenue, net</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 2,125<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromGrants', window );">Grant revenue</a></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">489<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SalesRevenueNet', window );">Total Revenues</a></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">2,614<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Operating Costs and Expenses:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">General and administrative</a></td>
        <td class="nump">2,588<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">2,117<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense', window );">Research and development</a></td>
        <td class="nump">3,340<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">1,580<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">Total Operating Costs and Expenses</a></td>
        <td class="nump">5,928<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">3,697<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Loss from Continuing Operations</a></td>
        <td class="num">(5,928)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(1,083)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract', window );"><strong>Other Income (Expense):</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnDerivativeInstrumentsNetPretax', window );">Warrant expense</a></td>
        <td class="num">(1,492)<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDerivativeLiabilities', window );">Change in fair value of warrant liability</a></td>
        <td class="num">(242)<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_syn_EquipmentImpairmentLoss', window );">Impairment loss on equipment</a></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(121)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest', window );">Interest income</a></td>
        <td class="nump">14<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncome', window );">Other income (expense)</a></td>
        <td class="nump">22<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">9<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rou">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">Total Other Expense, net</a></td>
        <td class="num">(1,698)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(112)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperations', window );">Net Loss from Continuing Operations</a></td>
        <td class="num">(7,626)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(1,195)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromDiscontinuedOperationsNetOfTaxAttributableToReportingEntity', window );">Net Loss from Discontinued Operations</a></td>
        <td class="num">(523)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(516)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="reu">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net Loss</a></td>
        <td class="num">$ (8,149)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">$ (1,711)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract', window );"><strong>Net Loss Per Share - Basic and Dilutive:</strong></a></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsPerBasicAndDilutedShare', window );">Continuing Operations (in dollars per share)</a></td>
        <td class="num">$ (0.27)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">$ (0.06)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromDiscontinuedOperationsNetOfTaxPerBasicAndDilutedShare', window );">Discontinued Operations (in dollars per share)</a></td>
        <td class="num">$ (0.02)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">$ (0.02)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted', window );">Net Loss Per Share (in dollars per share)</a></td>
        <td class="num">$ (0.29)<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">$ (0.08)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_syn_WeightedAverageNumberOfCommonSharesOutstandingDuringPeriodBasicAndDilutive', window );">Weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year - Basic and Dilutive (in shares)</a></td>
        <td class="nump">27,710,428<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">22,393,568<span></span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
    <div style="display: none;">
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_EquipmentImpairmentLoss">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Impairment loss on equipment during the period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_EquipmentImpairmentLoss</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_WeightedAverageNumberOfCommonSharesOutstandingDuringPeriodBasicAndDilutive">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating basic and diluted EPS.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_WeightedAverageNumberOfCommonSharesOutstandingDuringPeriodBasicAndDilutive</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The amount of net income or loss for the period per each share in instances when basic and diluted earnings per share are the same amount and reported as a single line item on the face of the financial statements.  Basic earnings per share is the amount of net income or loss for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.  Diluted earnings per share includes the amount of net income or loss for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDiluted</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>num:perShareItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasicAndDilutedAbstract</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnDerivativeInstrumentsNetPretax">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Aggregate net gain (loss) on all derivative instruments recognized in earnings during the period, before tax effects.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 815<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 4A<br><br> -Subparagraph (b)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6935481&amp;loc=SL5618551-113959<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_GainLossOnDerivativeInstrumentsNetPretax</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The aggregate total of expenses of managing and administering the affairs of an entity, including affiliates of the reporting entity, which are not directly or indirectly associated with the manufacture, sale or creation of a product or product line.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.4)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6880815&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperations">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>This element represents the income or loss from continuing operations attributable to the parent which may also be defined as revenue less expenses and taxes from ongoing operations before extraordinary items but after deduction of those portions of income or loss from continuing operations that are allocable to noncontrolling interests, if any.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 260<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (a)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph 29<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 810<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 18<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6921628&amp;loc=SL4613673-111683<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph 38<br><br> -Subparagraph b(1)<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.13)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6880815&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperations</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>This element represents the income or loss from continuing operations attributable to the economic entity which may also be defined as revenue less expenses from ongoing operations, after income or loss from equity method investments, but before income taxes, extraordinary items, and noncontrolling interest.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Article 5<br><br> -Section 03<br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsPerBasicAndDilutedShare">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The amount of net income (loss) from continuing operations per each basic and diluted share of common stock or unit when the per share amount is the same for both basic and diluted shares.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsPerBasicAndDilutedShare</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>num:perShareItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromDiscontinuedOperationsNetOfTaxAttributableToReportingEntity">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>This element represents the overall income (loss) from a disposal group apportioned to the parent that is classified as a component of the entity, net of income tax, reported as a separate component of income before extraordinary items after deduction or consideration of the amount which may be allocable to noncontrolling interests, if any. Includes the following (net of tax): income (loss) from operations during the phase-out period, gain (loss) on disposal, provision (or any reversals of earlier provisions) for loss on disposal, and adjustments of a prior period gain (loss) on disposal.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 810<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 19<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6921628&amp;loc=SL4569616-111683<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph 29<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph 38<br><br> -Subparagraph b(2)<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncomeLossFromDiscontinuedOperationsNetOfTaxAttributableToReportingEntity</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromDiscontinuedOperationsNetOfTaxPerBasicAndDilutedShare">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The amount of income (loss) derived from discontinued operations during the period, net of related tax effect, per each basic and diluted share of common stock or unit when the per share amount is the same for both basic and diluted shares.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncomeLossFromDiscontinuedOperationsNetOfTaxPerBasicAndDilutedShare</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>num:perShareItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDerivativeLiabilities">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The increase (decrease) during the period in the carrying value of derivative instruments reported as liabilities that are due to be disposed of within one year (or the normal operating cycle, if longer).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInDerivativeLiabilities</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Income derived from investments in debt securities and on cash and cash equivalents the earnings of which reflect the time value of money or transactions in which the payments are for the use or forbearance of money.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Article 5<br><br> -Section 03<br><br> -Paragraph 7<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 115<br><br> -Paragraph 14<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7(b))<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6880815&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Revenue earned during the period relating to consideration received from another party for the right to use, but not own, certain of the entity's intangible assets. Licensing arrangements include, but are not limited to, rights to use a patent, copyright, technology, manufacturing process, software or trademark. Licensing fees are generally, but not always, fixed as to amount and not dependent upon the revenue generated by the licensing party. An entity may receive licensing fees for licenses that also generate royalty payments to the entity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.1(e))<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6880815&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 944<br><br> -SubTopic 225<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04.22)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879464&amp;loc=d3e573970-122913<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.18)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6880815&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph 38<br><br> -Subparagraph a<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 260<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 220<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 6<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6920043&amp;loc=d3e565-108580<br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph A7<br><br> -Appendix A<br><br><br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 130<br><br> -Paragraph 10, 15<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Other Comprehensive Income<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6519514<br><br><br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph 38<br><br> -Subparagraph d<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF)<br><br> -Number 87-21<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Net Income<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6518256<br><br><br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 944<br><br> -SubTopic 225<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04.19)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879464&amp;loc=d3e573970-122913<br><br><br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Article 5<br><br> -Section 03<br><br> -Paragraph 19<br><br><br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 28, 29, 30<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 04<br><br> -Paragraph 20<br><br> -Article 9<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The aggregate amount of income or expense from ancillary business-related activities (that is to say, excluding major activities considered part of the normal operations of the business).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Article 5<br><br> -Section 03<br><br> -Paragraph 7<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6880815&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract</nobr></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Generally recurring costs associated with normal operations except for the portion of these expenses which can be clearly related to production and included in cost of sales or services. Includes selling, general and administrative expense.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_OperatingExpenses</nobr></td>
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                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div>
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncome">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The aggregate amount of other income amounts, the components of which are not separately disclosed on the income statement, resulting from ancillary business-related activities (that is, excluding major activities considered part of the normal operations of the business) also known as other nonoperating income recognized for the period. Such amounts may include: (a) dividends, (b) interest on securities, (c) profits on securities (net of losses), and (d) miscellaneous other income items.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Article 5<br><br> -Section 03<br><br> -Paragraph 7<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Audit and Accounting Guide (AAG)<br><br> -Number AAG-BRD<br><br> -Chapter 4<br><br> -Paragraph 80<br><br> -Subparagraph Exhibit 4-4<br><br> -IssueDate 2006-05-01<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.7)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6880815&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncome</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
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                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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          </td>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The aggregate costs incurred (1) in a planned search or critical investigation aimed at discovery of new knowledge with the hope that such knowledge will be useful in developing a new product or service, a new process or technique, or in bringing about a significant improvement to an existing product or process; or (2) to translate research findings or other knowledge into a plan or design for a new product or process or for a significant improvement to an existing product or process whether intended for sale or the entity's use, during the reporting period charged to research and development projects, including the costs of developing computer software up to the point in time of achieving technological feasibility, and costs allocated in accounting for a business combination to in-process projects deemed to have no alternative future use.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 985<br><br> -SubTopic 20<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6501960&amp;loc=d3e128462-111756<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 730<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6420194&amp;loc=d3e21568-108373<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 141<br><br> -Paragraph 51<br><br> -Subparagraph g<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 2<br><br> -Paragraph 12, 13<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 86<br><br> -Paragraph 11, 12<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>debit</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromGrants">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Revenue earned during the period from non-repayable sum of money awarded to an entity to carry out a specific purpose as provided in grant agreements.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
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<td style="width: 0.5in;"><b>5.</b></td>
<td><b>Stock-Based Compensation</b></td>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px 0pt 0.5in; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-indent: -0.5in;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"><b><i>Stock Incentive Plan</i></b></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">During 2001, the Company&#8217;s Board of Directors and stockholders adopted the 2001 Stock Incentive Plan (the &#8220;2001 Stock Plan&#8221;). As of the date of the merger, there were 1,489,353 options issued and outstanding under the 2001 plan. The total number of shares of stock with respect to which stock options and stock appreciation rights may be granted to any one employee of the Company or a subsidiary during any one-year period under the 2001 Stock Plan shall not exceed 250,000. All awards pursuant to the 2001 Stock Plan shall terminate upon the termination of the grantee&#8217;s employment for any reason. Awards include options, restricted shares, stock appreciation rights, performance shares and cash-based awards (the &#8220;Awards&#8221;). The 2001 Stock Plan contains certain anti-dilution provisions in the event of a stock split, stock dividend or other capital adjustment, as defined in the plan. The 2001 Stock Plan provides for a Committee of the Board to grant awards and to determine the exercise price, vesting term, expiration date and all other terms and conditions of the awards, including acceleration of the vesting of an award at any time. As of December 31, 2011, there were 1,320,354 options issued and outstanding under the 2001 Stock Plan.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">On March 20, 2007, the Company&#8217;s Board of Directors approved the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan (the &#8220;2007 Stock Plan&#8221;) for the issuance of up to 2,500,000 shares of common stock to be granted through incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, dividend equivalent rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and other stock-based awards to officers, other employees, directors and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries. This plan was approved by stockholders on November 2, 2007. The exercise price of stock options under the 2007 Stock Plan is determined by the compensation committee of the Board of Directors, and may be equal to or greater than the fair market value of the Company&#8217;s common stock on the date the option is granted. The total number of shares of stock with respect to which stock options and stock appreciation rights may be granted to any one employee of the Company or a subsidiary during any one-year period under the 2001 plan shall not exceed 250,000. Options become exercisable over various periods from the date of grant, and generally expire ten years after the grant date. As of December 31, 2011, there are 1,201,156 options issued and outstanding under the 2007 Stock Plan.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">On November 2, 2010, the Board of Directors and stockholders adopted the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan (&#8220;2010 Stock Plan&#8221;) for the issuance of up to 3,000,000 shares of common stock to be granted through incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, dividend equivalent rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and other stock-based awards to officers, other employees, directors and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries. The exercise price of stock options under the 2010 Stock Plan is determined by the compensation committee of the Board of Directors, and may be equal to or greater than the fair market value of the Company&#8217;s common stock on the date the option is granted. Options become exercisable over various period from the date of grant, and generally expire ten years after the grant date. As of December 31, 2011, there are 457,500 options issued and outstanding under the 2010 Stock Plan.</p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">In the event of an employee&#8217;s termination, the Company will cease to recognize compensation expense for that employee. There is no deferred compensation recorded upon initial grant date, instead, the fair value of the stock-based payment is recognized ratably over the stated vesting period.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">The Company has applied fair value accounting for all share based payment awards since inception. The fair value of each option or warrant granted is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Black-Scholes assumptions used in the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 are as follows:</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
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<td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="6">Year&#160;ended&#160;December&#160;31,</td>
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<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
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<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">$0.49 - $2.22</td>
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<td nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
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<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">$0.56 - $0.87</td>
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<td style="width: 1%; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 20%; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">0%</td>
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<td style="width: 1%;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 20%; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">0%</td>
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<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">175% - 188%</td>
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<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">187% - 207%</td>
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<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">1.30% - 3.58%</td>
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<td nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">2.54% - 3.63%</td>
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<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">5 - 7 years</td>
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<td nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">10 years</td>
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<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">0%</td>
<td style="text-align: left;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">0%</td>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">The Company records stock-based compensation based upon the stated vested provisions in the related agreements, with recognition of expense recorded on the straight line basis over the term of the related agreement. The vesting provisions for these agreements have various terms as follows:</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px 0pt 1in; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-indent: -0.25in;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">During 2011, the Company granted 557,002 options to employees and consultants having an approximate fair value of $609,000 based upon the Black-Scholes option pricing model.&#160; During 2010, the Company granted 743,332 options to employees and consultants having an approximate fair value of $597,000 based upon the Black-Scholes option pricing model.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
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<td style="font-weight: bold;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="font-weight: bold;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="font-weight: bold;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold;">&#160;</td>
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<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="font-weight: bold;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold;">&#160;</td>
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<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
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<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="font-weight: bold;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="font-weight: bold;">&#160;</td>
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<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
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<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="font-weight: bold;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="font-weight: bold;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="font-weight: bold;">&#160;</td>
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<td>&#160;</td>
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<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Price</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;">Life</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Value</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 40%;">Balance &#8211; December 31, 2009</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 12%; text-align: right;">2,561,332</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 12%; text-align: right;">1.26</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-decoration: none;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 14%; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; text-decoration: none;">7.16 years</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="width: 12%; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">304,000</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td>Granted</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">743,332</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">0.80</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td>Exercised</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">(255,954</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">)</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">0.44</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">Forfeited</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">(509,619</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">)</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">0.69</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">Balance &#8211; December 31, 2010</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;">2,539,091</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;">1.32</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-decoration: none;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; text-decoration: none;">6.97 years</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">1,028,000</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td>Granted</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">557,002</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">1.26</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td>Exercised</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">(23,333</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">)</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">0.57</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">Forfeited</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">(93,750</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">)</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">0.59</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">Balance &#8211; December 31, 2011 &#8211; outstanding</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">2,979,010</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">1.34</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-decoration: none;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; text-decoration: none;">6.01 years</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">-</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">Balance &#8211; December 31, 2011 &#8211; exercisable</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">2,454,607</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">1.46</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-decoration: none;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right; text-decoration: none;">5.62 years</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">-</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">Grant date fair value of options granted &#8211; 2011</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">609,000</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">Weighted average grant date fair value &#8211; 2011</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">1.09</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">Grant date fair value of options granted &#8211; 2010</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">597,000</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">Weighted average grant date fair value &#8211; 2010</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">0.80</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">Outstanding options held by related parties &#8211; 2011</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">1,283,160</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">Exercisable options held by related parties &#8211; 2011</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">1,070,660</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">Outstanding options held by related parties &#8211; 2010</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">1,083,160</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">Exercisable options held by related parties &#8211; 2010</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">858,160</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">The options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2011 are as follows:</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<table style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="11">Options&#160;Outstanding</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="9">Options&#160;Exercisable</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2">Weighted</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Weighted&#160;Average</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2">Weighted</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Weighted&#160;Average</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td style="text-align: center;">Range&#160;of</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2">Average</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Remaining</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2">Average</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Remaining</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;">Exercise&#160;Price</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Options</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Exercise&#160;Price</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;">Contractual&#160;Life</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Options</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Exercise&#160;Price</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;">Contractual&#160;Life</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="width: 14%; text-align: center;">$0.09 - $4.57</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;">2,889,011</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;">1.20</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 14%; text-align: right;">6.11 years</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;">2,364,608</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;">1.29</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 14%; text-align: right;">5.72 years</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center;">$4.58 - $9.05</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">89,999</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">5.93</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-decoration: none;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right; text-decoration: none;">2.76 years</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">89,999</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">5.93</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-decoration: none;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right; text-decoration: none;">2.76 years</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: center;">$0.09 - $9.05</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">2,979,010</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">1.34</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">6.01 years</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">2,454,607</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">1.46</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">5.62 years</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">The options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2010 are as follows:</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<table style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 100%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="11">Options&#160;Outstanding</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="9">Options&#160;Exercisable</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2">Weighted</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Weighted&#160;Average</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2">Weighted</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Weighted&#160;Average</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td style="text-align: center;">Range&#160;of</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2">Average</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Remaining</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2">Average</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">Remaining</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;">Exercise&#160;Price</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Options</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Exercise&#160;Price</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;">Contractual&#160;Life</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Options</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Exercise&#160;Price</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;">Contractual&#160;Life</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="width: 14%; text-align: center;">$0.09 - $4.57</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;">2,449,092</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;">1.16</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 14%; text-align: right;">7.09 years</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;">1,900,445</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;">1.28</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 14%; text-align: right;">6.47 years</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center;">$4.58 - $9.05</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">89,999</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">5.93</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-decoration: none;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right; text-decoration: none;">3.76 years</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">89,999</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">5.93</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-decoration: none;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right; text-decoration: none;">3.76 years</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: center;">$0.09 - $9.05&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">2,539,091</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">1.32</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">6.97 years</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">1,990,444</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">1.48</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">6.35 years</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">The following is a summary of the Company&#8217;s non-vested stock options at December 31, 2011:</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 80%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2">Weighted&#160;Average</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"><b>Unvested</b>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"><b>Grant</b>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Stock&#160;Options</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Date&#160;Fair&#160;Value</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="width: 64%;">Non-vested&#160;&#8211;&#160;December&#160;31,&#160;2010</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 15%; text-align: right;">548,647</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="width: 15%; text-align: right;">0.77</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td>Granted</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">557,002</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">1.09</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td>Vested/Exercised</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">(528,017</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">)</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">1.07</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">Forfeited/Cancelled</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">(53,229</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">)</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">0.57</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">Non-vested &#8211; December 31, 2011</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">524,403</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">0.82</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">Weighted average remaining period for vesting</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">1.67 years</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><b>&#160;</b></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><b><i>Stock Warrants and Derivative Liabilities</i></b></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">On July 2, 2010, the Company entered into a Common Stock Purchase Agreement with a single investor. As part of this agreement, the Company issued warrants to purchase 60,606 shares of common stock to the placement agent, or its permitted assigns. The warrants have an exercise price of $1.32 and a life of 5 years. The warrants vested on January 1, 2011 and expire December 31, 2015. Since these warrants were granted as part of an equity raise, the Company has treated them as a direct offering cost. The result of the transaction has no affect to equity. As of December 31, 2011, 30,303 of these warrants remained outstanding.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">On January 28, 2011, the Company entered into a Common Stock Purchase Agreement with three institutional investors. As part of this agreement, the Company issued warrants to purchase 1,428,572 shares of common stock. Each warrant was exercisable&#160;for thirteen months&#160;at $2.00 per share and subsequently exchanged for new warrants with substantially the same&#160;terms as the original warrants except that the expiration date was extended for two months. The original warrants had an anti-dilution price protection feature; if the Company issues securities at a price per share that is less than $2.00 per share, the warrant holders will be ratcheted down to the lower offering price. However, the Company had instituted a floor price of $1.40 per share in connection with the price protection.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">On April 6, 2011, the Company entered into another Common Stock Purchase Agreement that triggered the ratchet provision and re-set the price of these warrants to $1.40 per share. Due to the re-set to the floor price, the warrant liability was marked-to-market and reclassified to additional paid-in capital since it ceased to contain the provisions of a derivative liability. As of December 31, 2011, all of these warrants remained outstanding.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">The warrants were initially recorded as liabilities at their estimated fair value on the commitment date, which was $716,000 with subsequent changes in estimated fair value recorded as a warrant expense&#160;in the Company&#8217;s statement of operations at each subsequent reporting period. On April 6, 2011, the fair value of the warrant liability was $1.5 million, which represented an increase in fair value of $765,000. The fair value was measured using the Black-Scholes valuation model. The assumptions used by the Company are summarized in the following table:</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 80%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2">Remeasurement</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2">Commitment&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" colspan="2">Date</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2">Date</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2">April&#160;6,&#160;2011</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="width: 64%;">Closing stock price</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: center;">$</td>
<td style="width: 15%; text-align: center;">1.39</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: center;">$</td>
<td style="width: 15%; text-align: center;">2.08</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="text-align: left;">Expected dividend rate</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0%</td>
<td style="text-align: left;"></td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0%</td>
<td style="text-align: left;"></td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="text-align: left;">Expected stock price volatility</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">117.1%</td>
<td style="text-align: left;"></td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">104.6%</td>
<td style="text-align: left;"></td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="text-align: left;">Risk free interest rate</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0.28%</td>
<td style="text-align: left;"></td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0.29%</td>
<td style="text-align: left;"></td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="text-align: left;">Expected life (years)</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">1.08</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;">0.85</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">On August 10, 2011, the Company entered into an agreement to exchange the warrants issued in connection with the January 28, 2011 financing for new warrants with substantially the same terms as the original warrants except that in the new warrants the expiration date was&#160;extended by two months.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 80%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2">Remeasurement</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2">Commitment</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2">Date</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2">Date</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2">July&#160;28,&#160;2011</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="padding-left: 0.25in; width: 64%; text-indent: -0.25in;">Closing stock price</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 15%; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">$2.08</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 15%; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">$0.84</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; text-align: left;">Expected dividend rate</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">0%</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">0%</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; text-align: left;">Expected stock price volatility</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">112.1%</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">105.6%</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; text-align: left;">Risk free interest rate</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">0.29%</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">0.21%</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; text-align: left;">Expected life (years)</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">1.08</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap">1.04</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">The following table summarizes the estimated fair value of the warrant liabilities <i>(in thousands):</i></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 80%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in;">Balance at December 31, 2010</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">-</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="padding-left: 0.25in; width: 82%; text-indent: -0.25in; text-align: left;">Warrant liability</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 15%; text-align: right;">1,492</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="padding-left: 0.25in; text-indent: -0.25in; text-align: left;">Change in fair value of warrant liability</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">242</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="padding-left: 0.25in; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -0.25in; text-align: left;">Reclassification to additional paid-in capital</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">(1,734</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">)</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="padding-left: 0.25in; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: -0.25in;">Balance at December 31, 2011</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">-</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<table align="center" style="font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; width: 80%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2">&#160;</td>
<td nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center;" nowrap="nowrap" colspan="2">Weighted&#160;Average</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold;" nowrap="nowrap">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Number&#160;of&#160;Warrants</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Exercise&#160;Price</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="width: 64%;">Balance at December 31, 2009</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 15%; text-align: right;">1,070,472</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="width: 15%; text-align: right;">3.27</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td>Granted</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">60,606</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">1.32</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td>Exercised</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">-</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">-</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">Forfeited</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">-</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">-</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td>Balance as December 31, 2010</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">1,131,078</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">3.49</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td>Granted</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">2,272,963</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">1.25</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td>Exercised</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">(15,615</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">)</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">1.03</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">Forfeited</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">(129,240</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">)</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">2.08</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">Balance as December 31, 2011</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">3,259,186</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">1.95</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">A summary of all outstanding and exercisable warrants as of December 31, 2011 is as follows:</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"></p>
<table align="center" style="width: 80%;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom;">
<td style="font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Exercise <br  />Price</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Warrants <br  />Outstanding</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Warrants <br  />Exercisable</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Weighted&#160;Average <br  />Remaining <br  />Contractual&#160;Life</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">Aggregate Intrinsic Value</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: bold 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 17%; text-align: right;">1.00</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 2%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 17%; text-align: right;">844,391</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 2%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 16%; text-align: right;">844,391</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 2%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 16%; text-align: right;">0.61 years</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 2%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 16%; text-align: right;">219,000</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;">1.32</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;">30,303</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;">30,303</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;">4.00 years</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;">-</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: #ccffcc;">
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;">1.40</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;">1,428,572</td>
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<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;">1,428,572</td>
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<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;">517,257</td>
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<td style="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right;">517,257</td>
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<td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">3,259,186</td>
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<td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">3,259,186</td>
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<td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="font-size: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="font-size: 10pt; border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">219,000</td>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">As of December 31, 2011, CD4 Biosciences, Inc., a majority-owned subsidiary of Synthetic Biologics, has a total of 20,000 stock options outstanding and exercisable.&#160;&#160;These stock options have an exercise price of $0.20 and a remaining contractual life of 0.37 years.</p>
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<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">16</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">343</td>
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<td style="text-align: justify;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;">-</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="text-align: right;">400</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
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<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">159</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
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<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">214</td>
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<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="text-align: justify;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;">1</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">$</td>
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<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="text-align: right;">-</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">100</td>
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<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">28</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">5</td>
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<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: justify;">Total</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">29</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">210</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
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                <p>The entire disclosure for supplemental balance sheet disclosures, including descriptions and amounts for assets, liabilities, and equity.</p>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
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          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Stock Repurchase Program<br></strong></div>
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          <div>Dec. 31, 2011</div>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_syn_StockPurchaseWarrantsTextBlock', window );">Stock Purchase Warrants [Text Block]</a></td>
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<td style="width: 0.5in;"><b>8.</b></td>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">On April 3, 2009, the Company&#8217;s Board of Directors approved a Stock Repurchase Program authorizing the Company to repurchase, from time-to-time and through December 31, 2009, up to $1 million of its common stock, up to a maximum of four million shares at prices of up to $5 per share. As of December 31, 2011, the Company had repurchased 81,482 shares for approximately $50,000 ($0.61 per share), based upon the quoted closing trading price.&#160;&#160;These treasury shares are not included in the computation of earnings (loss) per share and are deemed to be canceled and retired.</p><span></span></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The entire disclosure for stock purchase warrants.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><i>Year Ended December 31, 2010</i></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">On July 2, 2010, the Company sold 1,212,121 shares of the Company&#8217;s common stock at a closing price of $0.825 for gross proceeds of $1 million.&#160;&#160;The Company paid direct offering costs of $115,000.&#160;&#160;See Note 5 regarding warrants granted with this offering.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">During the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company issued 255,954 shares of common stock, in connection with the exercise of stock options, for proceeds of $130,000. The Company also issued 279,724 shares of common stock for consulting services, having a fair value of $214,000 ($0.76 per share), 81,035 shares of common stock for license fees, having a fair value of $70,000 ($0.87 per share), and 60,521 shares of common stock for employment service, having a fair value of $47,000 ($0.77 per share). The fair value of these issuances were based upon the quoted closing trading prices.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">During the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company issued 28,333 shares of common stock in connection with the exercise of stock options and warrants for proceeds of $15,000 and 10,615 shares of common stock related to a cashless exercise of warrants. The Company issued 73,585 shares of common stock for employment service, having a fair value of $94,000 ($1.29 average per share) and 171,796 shares of common stock for consulting services, having a fair value of $165,000 ($0.96 average per share), based on the quoted closing trading prices. The Company also issued 3,123,558 shares of common stock as consideration for the Channel Agreement with Intrexon, having a fair value of $1.7 million ($0.54 average per share), based on the quoted closing trading price.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">On April 6, 2011, the Company sold 1,688,782 shares of common stock and a warrant exercisable for 844,391 shares of common stock&#160;for $3.5 million. Direct offering costs were approximately $243,000.</p><span></span></td>
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            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The entire disclosure for shareholders' equity, comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest, if any, including other comprehensive income (as applicable).  Including, but not limited to: (1) balances of common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, other capital and retained earnings; (2) accumulated balance for each classification of other comprehensive income and total amount of comprehensive income; (3) amount and nature of changes in separate accounts, including the number of shares authorized and outstanding, number of shares issued upon exercise and conversion, and for other comprehensive income, the adjustments for reclassifications to net income; (4) rights and privileges of each class of stock authorized; (5) basis of treasury stock, if other than cost, and amounts paid and accounting treatment for treasury stock purchased significantly in excess of market; (6) dividends paid or payable per share and in the aggregate for each class of stock for each period presented; (7) dividend restrictions and accumulated preferred dividends in arrears (in aggregate and per share amount); (8) retained earnings appropriations or restrictions, such as dividend restrictions; (9) impact of change in accounting principle, initial adoption of new accounting principle and correction of an error in previously issued financial statements; (10) shares held in trust for Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP); (11) deferred compensation related to issuance of capital stock; (12) note received for issuance of stock; (13) unamortized discount on shares; (14) description, terms, and number of warrants or rights outstanding; (15) shares under subscription and subscription receivables, effective date of new retained earnings after quasi-reorganization and deficit eliminated by quasi-reorganization and, for a period of at least ten years after the effective date, the point in time from which the new retained dates; and (16) retroactive effective of subsequent change in capital structure.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
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This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 08<br><br> -Article 4<br><br><br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6959260&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br><br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)<br><br> -Number Topic 4<br><br> -Section C<br><br><br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 5<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6928386&amp;loc=d3e21488-112644<br><br><br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29-31)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Article 4<br><br> -Section 08<br><br> -Paragraph d<br><br><br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)<br><br> -Number Topic 4<br><br> -Section E<br><br><br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 30<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6405834&amp;loc=d3e23285-112656<br><br><br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 3<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6928386&amp;loc=d3e21475-112644<br><br><br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 235<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08.(d),(e))<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6881521&amp;loc=d3e23780-122690<br><br><br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 43<br><br> -Chapter 1<br><br> -Section B<br><br> -Paragraph 7, 11A<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
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          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>License, Collaborative and Employment Agreements and Commitments<br></strong></div>
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        <th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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          <div>Dec. 31, 2011</div>
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<td style="width: 0.5in;"><b>7.</b></td>
<td><b>License, Collaborative and Employment Agreements and Commitments</b></td>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px 0pt 0.5in; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-indent: -0.5in;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><i>License Agreements</i></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">The Company has entered into various option and license agreements for the use of patents and their corresponding applications. These agreements have been entered into with various educational institutions and hospitals. These agreements contain payment schedules or stated amounts due for (a) option and license fees, (b) expense reimbursements, and (c) achievement of success milestones. All expenses related to these agreements have been recorded as research and development.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><i>Research Agreement</i></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">In September&#160;of 2005, the Company entered into a three-year research agreement with the University of Michigan. Pursuant to that agreement, the Company sponsored research of approximately $460,000 per year.&#160;&#160;On March 20, 2008, the Company terminated the agreement.&#160;&#160;On March 24, 2009, the Company entered into a payment plan with the University of Michigan to pay the outstanding balance of $197,000.&#160;&#160;The Company agreed to pay $5,000 per month, until the balance is paid in full. At December 31, 2011, the balance is approximately $32,000 and is recorded as a short-term accounts payable</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><i>Employment Agreements</i></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">On February 6, 2010, the Company executed a three-year employment agreement with James S. Kuo, M.D., Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President.&#160;&#160;The agreement provided for an annual base salary of $199,000, discretionary performance and transactional bonus payments, and 400,000 stock options with an exercise price equal to the market price on the date of grant.&#160;&#160;Of these stock options, 100,000 vested immediately upon grant and the remainder will vest pro rata, on a monthly basis, over the following thirty-six months. The fair value of the options totaled $328,000 and was determined using the Black-Scholes model with the following assumptions: expected dividend yield of 0%, expected volatility of 204.5%; risk free interest rate of 3.59% and an expected life of 10 years.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">Effective February 3, 2012, Dr. Kuo resigned from his positions as President and Chief Executive Officer. In connection with his resignation, Dr. Kuo entered into a nine-month consulting agreement with the Company (the &#8220;Consulting Agreement&#8221;). Pursuant to the Consulting Agreement, Dr. Kuo will be entitled to a consulting fee of $17,000 per month and retain the right to exercise the stock options held by him that have vested (324,999) as of the effective date of the Consulting Agreement for a period expiring on the date that is one year from the effective date of the Consulting Agreement.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">Effective February 3, 2012, Jeffrey Riley was appointed to serve as the Company&#8217;s Chief Executive Officer and President. In connection with his appointment, Mr. Riley entered into a three-year employment agreement with the Company (the &#8220;Riley Employment Agreement&#8221;). Pursuant to the Riley Employment Agreement, Mr. Riley will be entitled to an annual base salary of $348,000 and will be eligible for discretionary performance and transactional bonus payments. Additionally, Mr. Riley was granted options to purchase 750,000 shares of the Company&#8217;s common stock with an exercise price equal to the per share market price on the date of issue. These options will vest pro rata, on a monthly basis, over thirty-six months. The Company measured the fair value of the stock options at approximately $1.7 million using a Black-Scholes valuation model; these warrants were indexed to the Company&#8217;s own stock.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">Effective February 6, 2012, C. Evan Ballantyne was appointed the Company&#8217;s Chief Financial Officer. In connection with his appointment, Mr. Ballantyne entered into a three-year employment agreement with the Company (the &#8220;Ballantyne Employment Agreement&#8221;). Pursuant to the Ballantyne Employment Agreement, Mr. Ballantyne will be entitled to an annual base salary of $298,000 and will be eligible for discretionary performance and transactional bonus payments. Additionally, Mr. Ballantyne was granted options to purchase 425,000 shares of our common stock with an exercise price equal to our per share market price on the date of issue. These options will vest pro rata, on a monthly basis, over thirty-six months. The Company measured the fair value of the stock options at approximately $1 million using a Black-Scholes valuation model; these warrants were indexed to the Company&#8217;s own stock.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">The Black-Scholes assumptions used in calculating the fair value of the stock options are as follows:</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"></p>
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<td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; width: 40%; text-align: center;">$2.30 - $2.47</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center;">1.93% - 1.97%</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 0.75pt;">Expected forfeitures</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center;">0%</td>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;"></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><i>Other Commitments</i></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">As of December 31, 2011, amounts due for license agreements are as follows <i>(in thousands)</i>:</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
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<td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left;">Year&#160;Ending&#160;December&#160;31,</td>
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<td style="text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="padding-left: 0.24in; width: 71%; text-align: left;">2012</td>
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<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="width: 25%; text-align: right;">37</td>
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<td>&#160;</td>
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<td style="text-align: right;">5</td>
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<td style="padding-left: 0.24in; text-align: left;">2014</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
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<td style="text-align: right;">5</td>
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<td style="padding-left: 0.24in; text-align: left;">2015</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
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<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">During 2007, the Company entered into a non-cancelable operating lease for office, laboratory and production space in Ann Arbor, Michigan.&#160;This lease expired on February 28, 2011. In March 2011, the Company entered into a month-to-month lease, at a different location, in Ann Arbor, Michigan.&#160;&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">During the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 the Company recognized rent expense of $64,000 and $214,000, respectively.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><i>Capital Lease</i></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">In June 2006, the Company acquired $65,000 of equipment under a non-cancelable capital lease. The Company agreed to guarantee and to release the seller from the seller&#8217;s personal guarantee of the remaining balance and the amount was placed in escrow.&#160;&#160;The effective interest rate of the lease was 8.51%.&#160; Related monthly payments of principal and interest were $1,400 over a period of sixty months.&#160; In September 2008, the lessor extended the term for repayment by eight months, with a final maturity date of January 2012.&#160;&#160;The remaining balance of this capital lease at December 31, 2010 was $24,000. In January 2011, this capital lease was paid in full and the funds were released from escrow. See Note 3 &#8211; Discontinued Operations of Adeona Clinical Laboratory.</p><span></span></td>
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                <p>The entire disclosure for commitments and contingencies.</p>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
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<td style="width: 0.5in;"><b>9.</b></td>
<td><b>Income Taxes</b></td>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px 0pt 0.5in; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-indent: -0.5in;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">There was no income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 due to the Company&#8217;s net losses.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">The Company&#8217;s tax expense differs from the &#8220;expected&#8221; tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, (computed by applying the Federal Corporate tax rate of 34% to loss before taxes and 5.5% for Michigan State Corporate taxes, the blended rate used was 37.63%), as follows <i>(in thousands):</i></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
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<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">2011</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="width: 64%; text-align: left;">Computed &#8220;expected&#8221; tax benefit - Federal</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="width: 15%; text-align: right;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;(2,618</td>
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<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="width: 15%; text-align: right;">(550</td>
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<td style="text-align: left;">Computed &#8220;expected&#8221; tax benefit - State</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">(448</td>
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<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">(94</td>
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<td style="text-align: left;">Non-taxable federal grant</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">-</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">(184</td>
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<td style="text-align: left;">Meals, entertainment and other</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">5</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">5</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="text-align: left;">Non-deductible stock-based compensation</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">366</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">150</td>
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<td style="text-align: left;">Warrant expense</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">56</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">-</td>
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<td style="text-align: left;">Change in fair value of warrant expense</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">91</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">-</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">Realized loss on debt securities</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">7</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">-</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">Change in valuation allowance</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;2,035</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;"></td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">673</td>
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<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">-</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">-</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">The effects of temporary differences that gave rise to significant portions of deferred tax assets at December 31, 2011 and 2010 are as follows <i>(in thousands):</i></p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
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<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">Deferred&#160;tax&#160;assets:</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="2">2011</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="width: 64%; text-align: left;">Stock issued for services</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="width: 15%; text-align: right;">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;(321</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">)</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="width: 15%; text-align: right;">(223</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">)</td>
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<td style="text-align: left;">Bad debt &#8211; change in allowance</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">(205</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">)</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">(49</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">)</td>
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<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">Net operating loss carry-forward</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">(10,425</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">)</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">(8,644</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">)</td>
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<td style="text-align: left;">Total gross deferred tax assets</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">(10,951</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">)</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">(8,916</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">)</td>
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<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">Less valuation allowance</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">10,951</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;"></td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">8,916</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
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<tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: white;">
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">Net deferred tax assets</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">&#160;&#160;&#160;-</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: right;">-</td>
<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
</tr>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">At December 31, 2011, the Company has a net operating loss carry-forward of approximately $27.7 million available to offset future taxable income expiring through 2031. Utilization of these net operating losses may be limited due to potential ownership changes under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">The valuation allowance at December 31, 2010 was approximately $8.9 million. The net change in valuation allowance during the year ended December 31, 2011 was an increase of approximately $2 million. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers whether it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred income tax assets will not be realized. The ultimate realization of deferred income tax assets is dependent upon the generation of future taxable income during the periods in which those temporary differences become deductible. Management considers the scheduled reversal of deferred income tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, and tax planning strategies in making this assessment. Based on consideration of these items, Management has determined that enough uncertainty exists relative to the realization of the deferred income tax asset balances to warrant the application of a full valuation allowance as of December 31, 2011.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">During 2010, the Company received grant revenue of $489,000.&#160;&#160;Under the terms of the grant, this revenue is not taxable.</p><span></span></td>
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                <p>The entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
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          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity (USD $)<br>In Thousands, except Share data</strong></div>
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        <td class="nump">400<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">400<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">47<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">47<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">60,521<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">70<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">81,035<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">213<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">213<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">17<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">885<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">1,212,121<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">23<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">3,579<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">23,338,707<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">973<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">973<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">94<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">94<span></span></td>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">3<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">1,687<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">165<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">165<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">171,796<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">15<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">15<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">38,948<span></span></td>
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        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">5<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">6,956<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">6,961<span></span></td>
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        <td class="nump">4,545,926<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
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      </tr>
      <tr class="ro">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_syn_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalWarrantsLiabilityReclassified', window );">Warrant liability reclassified to stockholders' equity</a></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">1,734<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">1,734<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="re">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net loss</a></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">0<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(8,149)<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">(8,149)<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rc">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Balance at Dec. 31, 2011</a></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 31<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 58,901<span></span></td>
        <td class="num">$ (51,873)<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 0<span></span></td>
        <td class="nump">$ 7,059<span></span></td>
      </tr>
      <tr class="rc">
        <td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SharesOutstanding', window );">Balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2011</a></td>
        <td class="nump">31,292,520<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
        <td class="text">&#xA0;<span></span></td>
      </tr>
    </table>
    <div style="display: none;">
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalWarrantsLiabilityReclassified">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Increase in additional paid in capital due to warrants liability reclassified to stockholders equity during the period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalWarrantsLiabilityReclassified</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesConsultingFees">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Number of shares issued during the period as a result of consulting fee.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesConsultingFees</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Number of shares issued during the period For Exclusive Channel Collaboration Agreement.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesLicenseFees">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Number of shares issued during the period as a result of licence fees.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesLicenseFees</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsAndWarrantsExercised">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Number of share options and warrants exercised during the current period..</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsAndWarrantsExercised</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueConsultingFees">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Value of stock issued during the period as a result of consulting fee.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueConsultingFees</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Value of stock issued during the period For Exclusive Channel Collaboration Agreement.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueForExclusiveChannelCollaborationAgreement</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueLicenseFees">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Value of stock issued during the period as a result of licence fee.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueLicenseFees</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsAndWarrantsExercised">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Value stock issued during the period as a result of the stock options and warrants exercised.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>syn_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsAndWarrantsExercised</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>syn_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsRequisiteServicePeriodRecognition">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>This element represents the amount of recognized equity-based compensation related to stock options during the period, that is, the amount recognized as expense in the income statement (or as asset if compensation is capitalized).</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsRequisiteServicePeriodRecognition</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 944<br><br> -SubTopic 225<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04.22)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879464&amp;loc=d3e573970-122913<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 230<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 28<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6943989&amp;loc=d3e3602-108585<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 225<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03.18)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6880815&amp;loc=d3e20235-122688<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph 38<br><br> -Subparagraph a<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 260<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6371337&amp;loc=d3e3550-109257<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 220<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 45<br><br> -Paragraph 6<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6920043&amp;loc=d3e565-108580<br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph A7<br><br> -Appendix A<br><br><br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 130<br><br> -Paragraph 10, 15<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Other Comprehensive Income<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6519514<br><br><br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph 38<br><br> -Subparagraph d<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF)<br><br> -Number 87-21<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Glossary Net Income<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6518256<br><br><br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 944<br><br> -SubTopic 225<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04.19)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6879464&amp;loc=d3e573970-122913<br><br><br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Article 5<br><br> -Section 03<br><br> -Paragraph 19<br><br><br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 95<br><br> -Paragraph 28, 29, 30<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 04<br><br> -Paragraph 20<br><br> -Article 9<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SharesOutstanding">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Number of shares issued and outstanding as of the balance sheet date.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>No definition available.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_SharesOutstanding</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
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                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
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        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which are attributable to the parent. The amount of the economic entity's stockholders' equity attributable to the parent excludes the amount of stockholders' equity which is allocable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (noncontrolling interest, minority interest). This excludes temporary equity and is sometimes called permanent equity.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.29-31)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB)<br><br> -Number 51<br><br> -Paragraph A3<br><br> -Appendix A<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 29, 30, 31<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)<br><br> -Number Topic 4<br><br> -Section E<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 310<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (SAB TOPIC 4.E)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6228006&amp;loc=d3e74512-122707<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_StockholdersEquity</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>instant</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Number of new stock issued during the period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6959260&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6928386&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Principles Board Opinion (APB)<br><br> -Number 12<br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 04<br><br> -Article 3<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 29, 30<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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          </td>
        </tr>
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      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensation">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Number of shares (or other type of equity) issued during the period as a result of any equity-based compensation plan other than an employee stock ownership plan (ESOP), net of any shares forfeited. Shares issued could result from the issuance of restricted stock, the exercise of stock options, stock issued under employee stock purchase plans, and/or other employee benefit plans.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 29, 30<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6959260&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Principles Board Opinion (APB)<br><br> -Number 12<br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6928386&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 04<br><br> -Article 3<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 129<br><br> -Paragraph 5<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesShareBasedCompensation</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
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        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Number of share options (or share units) exercised during the current period.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6928386&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 210<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.28,29)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6877327&amp;loc=d3e13212-122682<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 04<br><br> -Article 3<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)(iv)(2)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 29, 30<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6959260&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised</nobr></td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>na</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
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          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Equity impact of the value of new stock issued during the period. Includes shares issued in an initial public offering or a secondary public offering.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6959260&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6928386&amp;loc=d3e21463-112644<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Principles Board Opinion (APB)<br><br> -Number 12<br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 04<br><br> -Article 3<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 29, 30, 31<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br></p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;">
                <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
                    <td><nobr>us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues</nobr></td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td style="padding-right: 4px;"><nobr><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></nobr></td>
                    <td>us-gaap_</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>credit</td>
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                  <tr>
                    <td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
                    <td>duration</td>
                  </tr>
                </table>
              </div>
            </div>
          </td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensation">
        <tr>
          <td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td>
            <div class="body" style="padding: 2px;"><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div>
                <p>Value of stock (or other type of equity) issued during the period as a result of any equity-based compensation plan other than an employee stock ownership plan (ESOP), net of stock value of such awards forfeited. Stock issued could result from the issuance of restricted stock, the exercise of stock options, stock issued under employee stock purchase plans, and/or other employee benefit plans.</p>
              </div><a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;">
                <p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 02<br><br> -Paragraph 29, 30, 31<br><br> -Article 5<br><br><br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 505<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section S99<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6959260&amp;loc=d3e187085-122770<br><br><br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher AICPA<br><br> -Name Accounting Principles Board Opinion (APB)<br><br> -Number 12<br><br> -Paragraph 10<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 2<br><br> -Subparagraph (d)(1)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5070-113901<br><br><br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher SEC<br><br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br><br> -Number 210<br><br> -Section 04<br><br> -Article 3<br><br><br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS)<br><br> -Number 123R<br><br> -Paragraph 64<br><br> -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009.  This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy.<br><br><br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br><br> -Publisher FASB<br><br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br><br> -Topic 718<br><br> -SubTopic 10<br><br> -Section 50<br><br> -Paragraph 1<br><br> -Subparagraph (c)<br><br> -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&amp;oid=6415400&amp;loc=d3e5047-113901<br><br><br><br></p>
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  <body><span style="display: none;">v2.4.0.6</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="ID0EME">
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          <div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Discontinued Operations of Adeona Clinical Laboratory<br></strong></div>
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        <th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
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<td style="width: 0.5in;"><b>3.</b></td>
<td><b>Discontinued Operations of Adeona Clinical Laboratory</b></td>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">On March 8, 2012, the Company sold all of its interest in Adeona Clinical Laboratory, LLC (the &#8220;Lab&#8221;) to Hartlab, LLC, an entity controlled by the Lab&#8217;s former owner. In connection with the sale of the Lab, the consideration received was (i) the immediate assignment of the Lab&#8217;s outstanding accounts receivable up through the date of closing, plus (ii) $700,000 payable pursuant to the terms of a two-year non-recourse promissory note secured by all of the assets of the Lab.</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif;">&#160;</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">In accordance with ASC Topic 205-20 &#8220;<i>Presentation of Financial Statements&#8212;Discontinued Operations</i>&#8221; (ASC 205-20), the Company determined that the sale of the Lab should be classified as &#8220;held for sale&#8221; at December 31, 2011. In accordance with ACS 205-20 all of the following criteria must be met for an entity to be classified as &#8220;held for sale&#8221;:</p>
<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;">&#160;</p>
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<td style="text-align: justify;">Management, having the authority to approve the action, commits to a plan to sell the asset.</td>
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<td style="text-align: justify;">The asset is available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such assets.</td>
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<td style="text-align: justify;">An active program to locate a buyer and other actions required to complete the plan to sell the asset have been initiated.</td>
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<td style="text-align: justify;">The sale of the asset is probable, and transfer of the asset is expected to qualify for recognition as a complete sale within one year.</td>
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<td style="text-align: justify;">The asset is being actively marketed for sale at a price that is reasonable in relation to its current fair value.</td>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-align: justify;"><font style="font-size: 10pt;">The Company determined that all the criteria had been met and has classified the Lab as discontinued operations and its results of operations, financial position and cash flows</font> <font style="font-size: 10pt;">are separately reported for all periods presented. The assets and liabilities of the discontinued operations are presented separately under the captions &#8220;Assets of</font> <font style="font-size: 10pt;">discontinued operations&#8221; and &#8220;Liabilities of discontinued operations,&#8221; respectively, in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2011,</font> <font style="font-size: 10pt;">and December 31, 2010, and consist of the following <i>(in thousands</i></font><i>):</i></p>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0px 0pt 0.5in; font: 10pt times new roman, times, serif; text-indent: -0.5in;">&#160;</p>
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<td>&#160;</td>
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<td style="font-weight: bold; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center;" colspan="6">December 31,</td>
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<td style="font-style: italic;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="text-align: left;">Assets of discontinued operations:</td>
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<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: right;">178</td>
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<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
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<td>&#160;</td>
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<td style="text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="text-align: left;">Liabilities of discontinued operations:</td>
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<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
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<td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="border-bottom: black 2.5pt double; text-align: left;">$</td>
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<td style="font-style: italic;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
<td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;">1,169</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%;">&#160;</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">$</td>
<td style="width: 12%; text-align: right;">551</td>
<td style="width: 1%; text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
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<td>&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="text-align: left;">Operating Costs and Expenses:</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-align: left;">General and administrative</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">539</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td>&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
<td style="text-align: right;">599</td>
<td style="text-align: left;">&#160;</td>
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<td style="padding-left: 9pt; text-align: left;">Cost of&#160; laboratory services</td>
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