<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001104659-21-001622.txt : 20210106
<SEC-HEADER>0001104659-21-001622.hdr.sgml : 20210106
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20210106172729
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001104659-21-001622
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		3
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20210106
ITEM INFORMATION:		Other Events
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20210106
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20210106

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			Synthetic Biologics, Inc.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000894158
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
		IRS NUMBER:				133808303
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			NV
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-12584
		FILM NUMBER:		21511832

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		9605 MEDICAL CENTER DRIVE
		STREET 2:		SUITE 270
		CITY:			ROCKVILLE
		STATE:			MD
		ZIP:			20850
		BUSINESS PHONE:		(734) 332-7800

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		9605 MEDICAL CENTER DRIVE
		STREET 2:		SUITE 270
		CITY:			ROCKVILLE
		STATE:			MD
		ZIP:			20850

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	ADEONA PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20081027

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	PIPEX PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20061214

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	SHEFFIELD PHARMACEUTICALS INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19970730
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>8-K
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>tm211935d1_8k.htm
<DESCRIPTION>FORM 8-K
<TEXT>
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<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><DIV STYLE="margin-top: 12pt; margin-bottom: 3pt; width: 100%"><DIV STYLE="font-size: 1pt; border-top: Black 2pt solid; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">&nbsp;</DIV></DIV><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>UNITED STATES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>FORM 8-K</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>CURRENT REPORT</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Date of Report (Date of earliest event
reported):&nbsp;January 6, 2021</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 14pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 14pt"><B>SYNTHETIC
BIOLOGICS, INC.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(Exact name of registrant as specified in
its charter)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
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    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Nevada</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 32%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>001-12584</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 33%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>13-3808303</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(State or other jurisdiction of</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">incorporation)</P></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(Commission File No.)</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(IRS Employer Identification</P>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">No.)</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>9605 Medical Center Drive, Suite 270</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Rockville, Maryland 20850</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(Address of principal executive offices
and zip code)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>(301) 417-4364</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Registrant&#8217;s telephone number, including
area code</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>N/A</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(Former name or former address, if changed
since last report)</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Check the appropriate box below if the
Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions
(see General Instruction A.2. below):</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</FONT>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</FONT>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 24px"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</FONT>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Securities registered pursuant to Section
12(b) of the Act:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 34%; border: black 1pt solid; padding-left: 6.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Title of each class</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 32%; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Trading Symbol(s)</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 34%; border-top: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Name of each exchange on which <BR>
registered</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="border-right: black 1pt solid; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-left: black 1pt solid; padding-left: 6.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Common stock, par value $0.001 per share</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">SYN</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; border-right: black 1pt solid; padding-left: 5.4pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">NYSE American</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
is an emerging growth company as defined in in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (17 CFR &sect;230.405 of this chapter) or
Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (17 CFR &sect;240.12b-2 of this chapter).</P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right">Emerging growth company&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</FONT></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">If an emerging growth company, indicate
by checkmark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial
accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</FONT></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Item 8.01. Other Events.&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">On January 6, 2021, Synthetic
Biologics, Inc. (the &#8220;Company&#8221;) filed a prospectus supplement to its Registration Statement on Form S-3
(333-224728), which was declared effective on May 15, 2018, to <FONT STYLE="background-color: white">update and amend certain
information contained in the prospectus, dated May 15, 2018, relating to the offer and sale of shares of the Company&#8217;s
common stock from time to time through or directly to&nbsp;B. Riley Securities, Inc. (formerly known as B. Riley FBR, Inc.),
acting as sales agent or principal. Any such sales would be deemed to be &#8220;at the market offerings&#8221; as defined in
Rule 415(a)(4) promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, pursuant to </FONT>an At Market Issuance Sales
Agreement, dated August 5, 2016, with B. Riley, as amended by amendment no. 1, dated May 7, 2018 (the &#8220;Sales
Agreement&#8221;)<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">.&nbsp; </FONT>As of January 6, 2021, the Company has <FONT STYLE="background-color: white">sold
an aggregate of 12,802,366 shares of common stock (on a post 2018 split basis) having an aggregate offering price of
$15,942,452 under the </FONT>Sales A<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">greement. As of January 6, 2021, the Company </FONT>
had 36,954,708 shares of common stock outstanding, after taking into account 6,858,696 shares of common stock issued
pursuant to warrant exercises and 996,522 shares of common stock issued upon conversion of preferred stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">This Current Report on Form 8-K shall not
constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any security nor shall there be any sale of these securities
in any state in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities
laws of any such state.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">The opinion of the Company&#8217;s counsel
regarding the validity of the shares of common stock that will be issued pursuant to the Sales Agreement and the prospectus supplement
is filed herewith as Exhibit&nbsp;5.1 and is incorporated by refence herein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Item 9.01. Financial Statements and Exhibits.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; padding-right: 0.8pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">(d)&nbsp;&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 99%; padding-right: 0.8pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Exhibits.</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">The following exhibits
are filed with this Current Report on Form 8-K.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 10%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Exhibit<BR>
Number</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; width: 1%; padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; width: 89%; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 0.8pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Description</B></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="tm211935d1_ex5-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">5.1</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-right: 0.8pt"><A HREF="tm211935d1_ex5-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Opinion of Parsons Behle &amp; Latimer</FONT></A></TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-right: 0.8pt; text-align: center"><A HREF="tm211935d1_ex5-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">23.1</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="vertical-align: top; padding-right: 0.8pt"><A HREF="tm211935d1_ex5-1.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Consent of Parsons Behle &amp; Latimer (included in Exhibit 5.1 hereof)</FONT></A></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>SIGNATURES</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">Pursuant to the requirements
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned
hereunto duly authorized.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Dated: January 6, 2021</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="padding-right: 2.8pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">SYNTHETIC BIOLOGICS, INC.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 4%; padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 5%; padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 41%; padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">By:</FONT></TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 1.8pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">/s/ Steven A. Shallcross</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Name:</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Steven A. Shallcross</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Title:</FONT></TD>
    <TD>
        <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0.8pt 0pt 0">Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer</P></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<TYPE>EX-5.1
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>tm211935d1_ex5-1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 5.1
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: right"><B><U>Exhibit 5.1</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><IMG SRC="tm211935d1_ex5-1img001.jpg" ALT="" STYLE="height: 91px; width: 91px"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">January 6, 2021</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The Board of Directors</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Synthetic Biologics, Inc.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">9605 Medical Center Drive, Suite 270</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Rockville, Maryland 20850</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 0px">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 48px"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Re:</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><B>Synthetic Biologics, Inc.</B></FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.75in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Ladies and Gentlemen:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We have acted as special
Nevada counsel to Synthetic Biologics, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the &#8220;<U>Company</U>&#8221;), in connection with the proposed
issuance of up to $8,841,386 of shares (the &#8220;<U>Shares</U>&#8221;) of common stock of the Company, par value $0.001 per share
(the &#8220;<U>Common Stock</U>&#8221;). The Shares are included in a Registration Statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-224728)
(the &#8220;<U>Registration Statement</U>&#8221;), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#8220;<U>Commission</U>&#8221;)
under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the &#8220;<U>Securities Act</U>&#8221;), and declared effective by the Commission
on May 15, 2018, a base prospectus, dated May 15, 2018, included in the Registration Statement at the time it originally became
effective (the &#8220;<U>Base Prospectus</U>&#8221;), and a prospectus supplement, dated January 6, 2021, filed on the date hereof
with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act (together with the Base Prospectus, the &#8220;<U>Prospectus</U>&#8221;).
The Shares are being sold pursuant to an At Market Issuance Sales Agreement, dated August 5, 2016, as amended on May 7, 2018, by
and between the Company and B. Riley Securities, Inc. (f/k/a B. Riley FBR, Inc.) (the &#8220;<U>Sales Agreement</U>&#8221;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">This opinion letter
is being delivered in accordance with the requirements of Item 601(b)(5) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">As counsel to the Company,
we have examined such matters of fact and questions of law as we have considered appropriate for purposes of this letter. With
your consent, we have relied upon certificates and other assurances of officers of the Company and others as to factual matters
without having independently verified such factual matters. We are opining herein as to the Nevada Revised Statutes (the &#8220;<U>NRS</U>&#8221;),
and we express no opinion with respect to the applicability thereto, or the effect thereon, of the laws of any other jurisdiction
or, in the case of Nevada, any other laws, or as to any matters of municipal law or the laws of any local agencies within any state.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">We have made such examination
as we have deemed necessary for the purpose of this opinion.&nbsp;&nbsp;Based upon such examination, it is our opinion, that, when
the Shares shall have been duly registered on the books of the transfer agent and registrar therefor in the name or on behalf of
the purchasers, and have been issued by the Company against payment therefor (not less than par value) in the circumstances contemplated
by the Sales Agreement, the issuance and sale of the Shares will have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action of
the Company, and the Shares will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">In rendering the foregoing
opinion, we have assumed that (i) the Company will comply with all applicable notice requirements regarding uncertificated shares
provided in the NRS and (ii) upon the issuance of any of the Shares, the total number of shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding
will not exceed the total number of shares of Common Stock that the Company is then authorized to issue under its articles of incorporation,
as amended and restated as of the date hereof.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">This opinion is given as of the date hereof
and we assume no obligation to advise you of changes that may hereafter be brought to our attention. This opinion is delivered
solely in connection with the consummation of the transactions described herein, and may not be relied upon by you for any other
purpose nor by any other person for any purpose.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">We hereby consent to the reference to our
firm under the caption &#8220;Legal Matters&#8221; in the Prospectus and to the filing of this opinion as Exhibit 5.1 to the Company&#8217;s
Current Report on Form 8-K relating to the issuance and sale of the Shares pursuant to the Sales Agreement. &nbsp;In giving our
consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities
Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder. &nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">Very truly
yours,</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%; padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; padding-right: 0.8pt; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt"><I>/s/ Parsons Behle &amp; Latimer</I></FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-right: 0.8pt"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">PARSONS BEHLE &amp; LATIMER</FONT></TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>



<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>


<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
