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Going Concern	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2025
Going Concern
Going Concern	2. Going Concern The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. The Company continues to incur losses and, as of September 30, 2025, the Company had an accumulated deficit of approximately $357 million. Since inception, the Company has financed its activities principally from the proceeds from the issuance of equity securities. The Company’s ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Company’s ability to raise additional debt and equity capital or secure a potential license or strategic relationship that can help fund its clinical development activities. There can be no assurance that such capital will be available in sufficient amounts or on terms acceptable to the Company. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The accompanying consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability of the recorded assets or the classification of liabilities that may be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern. The Company continues to experience operating losses and faces significant uncertainties related to its business model, market conditions, and strategic initiatives. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern beyond the next twelve months without additional capital,or other strategic actions. In order to address the Company’s capital needs, including its planned clinical trials, the Company is actively pursuing additional equity or debt financing in the form of either a private placement or a public offering as well as partnerships and other collaborations. The Company has been in ongoing discussions with strategic institutional investors and investment banks with respect to such possible offerings. Such additional financing opportunities might not be available to the Company when and if needed, on acceptable terms or at all. If the Company is unable to obtain additional financing in sufficient amounts or on acceptable terms under such circumstances, the Company’s operating results and prospects will be adversely affected. On September 28, 2025, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a plan to resize and restructure the Company (the “Plan”) for purposes of focusing its attention on business development and licensing activities and the Company’s upcoming meetings with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency for planned clinical trials in patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (“PDAC”) and retinoblastoma. The Company’s lead product candidate, VCN-01, a clinical stage oncolytic human adenovirus that is modified for tumor-selective replication and to express an enzyme, PH20 or hyaluronidase, has been evaluated in a Phase 2b clinical study for the treatment of pancreatic cancer (“VIRAGE”), and has recently been used to treat patients in a Phase 1 clinical study for the treatment of retinoblastoma. Pursuant to the Plan, on September 30, 2025, the Company implemented a workforce reduction of approximately seven employees or 32% of the current global Company workforce. The goal of this reduction is to direct the Company’s resources towards business development and licensing activities and clinical trial planning and preparation for potential pivotal trials of VCN-01 in patients with PDAC and retinoblastoma, which it believes will represent its best opportunity for success. The Company expects to substantially complete the employee reduction immediately and estimates that it will incur a total of approximately $520,000 in charges in connection with the workforce reduction, which was accrued for as of September 30, 2025. These charges consist primarily of cash severance and benefits over a three-month period, in connection with the workforce reduction. The Plan is expected to save approximately $1.8 million in compensation and benefits annually, and together with additional anticipated operating cost reductions the Company expects that it will extend its cash runway into the first quarter of 2027. ​ 2. Going Concern (continued) The estimates of the charges and expenditures that the Company expects to incur in connection with the workforce reduction, and the timing thereof, are subject to a number of assumptions, including local law requirements in various jurisdictions, and actual amounts may differ materially from estimates. The Company may also incur other charges or cash expenditures not currently contemplated due to unanticipated events that may occur. At September 30, 2025, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of approximately $7.5 million. Based upon the Company’s current business plans, management believes that the Company’s current cash on hand of $15.5 million in early November 2025 will be sufficient to fully execute its plans through the fourth quarter of 2026 and into the first quarter of 2027. Commencement of planned future clinical trials is subject to the Company’s successful pursuit of opportunities that will allow it to establish the clinical infrastructure and financial resources necessary to successfully initiate and complete its plan. The Company anticipates its current cash will allow it to cover overhead costs, exploratory VCN-01 manufacturing scale-up activities, regulatory activities and preparation for proposed VCN-01 clinical trials in PDAC and retinoblastoma, and limited preclinical research efforts. The Company will be required to obtain additional funding in order to continue the development of its current product candidates within the anticipated time periods (including initiation of its planned future clinical trials), if at all, and to continue to fund operations at the current cash expenditure levels. Currently, the Company does not have commitments from any third parties to provide it with capital. Potential sources of financing include strategic relationships, public or private sales of equity (including through its Amended and Restated At The Market Issuance Sales Agreement, dated February 9, 2021, as amended by Amendment No. 1 thereto, dated May 3, 2021, as further amended by Amendment No. 2 thereto, dated May 2, 2024 (the “ATM Sales Agreement”)) or debt and other sources. The Company cannot assure that it will meet the requirements for use of the ATM Sales Agreement or that additional funding will be available on favorable terms at all. If the Company fails to obtain additional funding for its clinical trials, whether through the sale of securities or a partner or collaborator, and otherwise when needed, it will not be able to execute its business plan as planned and will be forced to cease certain development activities (including initiation of planned clinical trials) until funding is received and its business will suffer, which would have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations and cash flows. ​ The actual amount of funds the Company will need to operate is subject to many factors, some of which are beyond its control. These factors include the following: ● the progress of its research activities; ● the number and scope of its research programs; ● the ability to recruit patients for clinical studies in a timely manner; ● the progress of its preclinical and clinical development activities; ● the progress of the development efforts of parties with whom the Company has entered into research and development agreements and amount of funding received from partners and collaborators; ● its ability to maintain current research and development licensing arrangements and to establish new research and development and licensing arrangements; ● the Company’s ability to achieve its milestones under licensing arrangements; ● the costs associated with manufacturing-related services to produce material for use in its clinical trials; ● the costs involved in prosecuting and enforcing patent claims and other intellectual property rights; and ● the costs and timing of regulatory approvals. ​ 2. Going Concern (continued) The Company has based its estimates of funding requirements on assumptions that may prove to be wrong. The Company may need to obtain additional funds sooner or in greater amounts than it currently anticipates. If the Company raises funds by selling additional shares of Common Stock or other securities convertible into Common Stock, the ownership interest of the existing stockholders will be diluted. If the Company is not able to obtain financing when needed, it may be unable to carry out its business plan. As a result, the Company may have to significantly limit its operations and its business, financial condition and results of operations would be materially harmed.

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- Definition

The entire disclosure when substantial doubt is raised about the ability to continue as a going concern. Includes, but is not limited to, principal conditions or events that raised substantial doubt about the ability to continue as a going concern, management's evaluation of the significance of those conditions or events in relation to the ability to meet its obligations, and management's plans that alleviated or are intended to mitigate the conditions or events that raise substantial doubt about the ability to continue as a going concern.

+ References

Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
-Topic 205
-SubTopic 40
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/205-40/tableOfContent

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