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Share-based Compensation | 9 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023
Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract] |
Share-based Compensation | Share-based Compensation As of December 31, 2023 and March 31, 2023, the Company has outstanding share-based awards under the Beneficient Management Partners, L.P. (“BMP”) Equity Incentive Plan (the “BMP Equity Incentive Plan”), the Beneficient 2023 Long Term Incentive Plan (the “2023 Incentive Plan”), and BCH Preferred A.1, as more fully described below. BMP Equity Incentive Plan The Board of Directors of Ben Management, Ben’s general partner prior to the Conversion, adopted the BMP Equity Incentive Plan in 2019. Under the BMP Equity Incentive Plan, certain directors and employees of Ben are eligible to receive equity units in BMP, an entity affiliated with the Board of Directors of Ben Management, in return for their services to Ben. The BMP equity units eligible to be awarded to employees is comprised of BMP’s Class A Units and/or BMP’s Class B Units (collectively, the “BMP Equity Units”). The BMP Equity Units include awards that fully vest upon grant and awards that are subject to service-based vesting of a four-year period from the date of hire. Expense associated with the vesting of these awards is based on the fair value of the BMP Equity Units on the date of grant. Compensation cost is recognized for the granted awards on a straight-line basis using the graded vesting method, and forfeitures are accounted for at the time that such forfeitures occur. Expense recognized for these awards is specially allocated to certain holders of redeemable noncontrolling interests. The fair value of the BMP Equity Units was determined on the grant-date using a probability-weighted discounted cash flow analysis. This fair value measurement is based on significant inputs not observable in the market and thus represents a Level 3 measurement within the fair value hierarchy. The resultant probability-weighted cash flows are then discounted using a rate that reflects the uncertainty surrounding the expected outcomes, which the Company believes is appropriate and representative of a market participant assumption, and for lack of marketability given the underlying units of the awards are not publicly traded. There were no BMP Equity Units granted during the nine months ended December 31, 2023. The table below summarizes the key inputs used in the valuation of the BMP Equity Units granted during the nine months ended December 31, 2022:
Unobservable Inputs |  |  |  | Nine Months Ended December 31, 2022
Expected term in years |  |  |  | 4
Discount rate |  |  |  | 32.1%
Discount for lack of marketability |  |  |  | 23.1%
Long-term growth rate (after discrete projection period) |  |  |  | 2.5%
The expected term represents the average estimated time that a recipient will be an employee of Ben and thus eligible to participate fully in the BMP Equity Incentive Plan. The discount rate is based on a modified capital asset pricing model, which includes certain observable market inputs and other data for an identified group of comparable public companies. The discount for lack of marketability is based on a Finnerty put-option model, which similarly includes certain observable market inputs and other data for an identified group of comparable public companies. The long-term growth rate is the estimated growth rate of the earnings related to BMP Equity Units that is applied to the years subsequent to Ben’s discrete cash flow periods. 2018 Ben Equity Incentive Plan The Ben Equity Incentive Plan was adopted in September 2018 (the “2018 Ben Equity Incentive Plan”). Under the 2018 Ben Equity Incentive Plan, Ben was permitted to grant equity awards in the form of restricted equity units (“REUs”), representing ownership interests in BCG Common Units. Effective as of the Conversion, the Company assumed obligations under the outstanding REUs under the 2018 Ben Equity Incentive Plan and agreed to issue shares of Class A common stock upon settlement of such outstanding REUs. Settled awards under the 2018 Ben Equity Incentive Plan dilute BCG’s Common Unitholders. The total number of BCG Common Units that were issuable under the 2018 Ben Equity Incentive Plan was equivalent to 15% of the number of fully diluted BCG Common Units outstanding, subject to annual adjustment. All awards were classified in equity upon issuance. Following the Business Combination, no additional awards may be issued under the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan and all outstanding awards are settleable at a ratio of 1.25 shares of the Class A common stock for each restricted equity unit. During the third quarter of 2020, 515,000 units were granted to a senior partner director subject to a performance condition. The performance condition was met upon public listing in June 2023 and expense for vested units was recognized during the three months ended June 30, 2023. The recognition of the remaining compensation cost will be recognized over the remaining vesting period. Total recognized compensation cost related to these awards for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2023 is approximately $0.3 million and $5.8 million, respectively. The originally granted units were increased at a rate of one-to-1.25 units, or by 128,750 units, upon public listing and effectiveness of the 2023 Incentive Plan. The remaining unrecognized compensation cost related to these awards is approximately $0.6 million as of December 31, 2023. Effective April 1, 2022, Ben granted 513,533 REUs to employees and certain directors, which increased at a rate of one to 1.25 units, or by 128,383 units upon public listing and effectiveness of the 2023 Incentive Plan, of which, 136,610 have been forfeited. Effective October 1, 2022, 40,180 REUs were granted to employees, which increased at a rate of one to 1.25 units, or by 10,045 units upon public listing and effectiveness of the 2023 Incentive Plan, of which, 6,550 have been forfeited. The performance condition for these awards was met upon public listing in June 2023 and expense for vested units was recognized during the three months ended June 30, 2023. The recognition of the remaining compensation cost will be recognized over the remaining vesting period. Total recognized compensation cost related to these awards for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2023 is approximately $0.1 million and $3.1 million, respectively. The remaining unrecognized compensation cost related to these awards is approximately $1.9 million as of December 31, 2023. 2023 Incentive Plan On June 6, 2023, the Company’s Board adopted the 2023 Incentive Plan, which was approved by the Company’s stockholders. Under the 2023 Incentive Plan, Ben is permitted to grant equity awards in the form of restricted stock units (“RSUs”). Subject to certain adjustments, the aggregate number of shares of Class A common stock expected to be issuable under the 2023 Incentive Plan in respect of awards will be equal to 15% of the aggregate number of fully diluted shares issued and outstanding, subject to quarterly adjustment. Settled awards under the 2023 Incentive Plan dilute common stockholders. All awards are classified in equity upon issuance. Awards are generally subject to service-based vesting over a multi-year period from the recipient’s grant date, though some awards may fully vest upon grant date, or be subject to performance conditions. While providing services to Ben, if applicable, certain of these awards are subject to minimum retained ownership rules requiring the award recipient to continuously hold RSUs equal to at least 15% of their cumulatively granted awards. Preferred Equity On April 1, 2022, a certain director was assigned BCH Preferred A.1 with a grant date of December 31, 2021 and having an account balance of $5.7 million (the “Initial Grant”). Further, effective as of April 3, 2022, the director was assigned additional BCH Preferred A.1 (the “Additional Grant” and together with the Initial Grant, the “BHI Grants”) with a grant date of December 31, 2021 and having an account balance of $3.8 million. The Initial Grant is subject to a service condition, which requires compensation cost to be recognized over the explicit, substantive service vesting period that extends after the grant date. The Additional Grant was fully vested upon issuance. In order to provide that certain director with cash to cover any tax liability arising from the BHI Grants, BCH and the director entered into a Unit Account Redemption Agreement, effective as of April 3, 2022, whereby BCH was required to purchase and redeem from that certain director all of the BCH Preferred A.1 granted to the director pursuant to the BHI Tax Grant for a purchase price of $3.8 million, in cash. Such redemption occurred in full on June 10, 2022. Commissions Certain of our employees’ commission compensation is in the form of common stock. Such shares granted to employees are subject to service-based vesting conditions over a multi-year period from the recipient’s grant date. Awards granted through June 8, 2023 were also subject to a performance condition, which was met on June 8, 2023 when Ben became publicly listed. The Company recorded $0.3 million and $2.9 million of share-based compensation expense related to these awards during the three and nine months ended December 31, 2023, respectively. The following table summarizes the award activity, in units, for the BMP and Ben Equity Incentive Plans during the nine months ended December 31, 2023:
| BMP |  | RSU
(units in thousands) | Units |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Unit |  | Units |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value per Unit
Balance, March 31, 2023 | 438 |  |  | $ | 10.04 |  |  | 1,749 |  |  | $ | 10.00 |
Granted during the period | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,060 |  |  | 2.73 |
Vested during the period | (181) |  |  | 9.78 |  |  | (3,059) |  |  | 4.95 |
Forfeited during the period | (48) |  |  | 10.47 |  |  | (552) |  |  | 4.32 |
Balance, December 31, 2023 | 209 |  |  | $ | 9.95 |  |  | 2,198 |  |  | $ | 4.97 |
The following table presents the components of share-based compensation expense, included in employee compensation and benefits, recognized in the consolidated statements of comprehens ive income (loss) for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022:
|  | Three Months Ended December 31, |  | Nine Months Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands) |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
BMP equity units |  | $ | 305 |  |  | $ | 806 |  |  | $ | 1,549 |  |  | $ | 3,506 |
Restricted stock units |  | 1,165 |  |  | 826 |  |  | 17,206 |  |  | 3,512 |
Preferred equity |  | 286 |  |  | 286 |  |  | 858 |  |  | 1,144 |
Other(1) |  | 270 |  |  | — |  |  | 17,917 |  |  | — |
Total share-based compensation |  | $ | 2,026 |  |  | $ | 1,918 |  |  | $ | 37,530 |  |  | $ | 8,162 |
(1) The year-to-date period includes $15.0 million of compensation recognized related to the BCG Recapitalization and $2.9 million recognized for equity based compensation issued to employees for Ben Liquidity transactions. Unrecognized share-based compensation expense totaled $8.5 million as of December 31, 2023, which we expect to recognize based on scheduled vesting of awards outstanding at December 31, 2023. The following table presents the share-based compensation expense expected to be recognized over the next five fiscal years ending March 31 for awards outstanding as of December 31, 2023:
(dollars in thousands) | BMP |  | RSU |  |  |  | Commissions |  | Total
Three months ending 2024 | $ | 282 |  |  | $ | 1,223 |  |  |  |  | $ | 58 |  |  | $ | 1,563 |
2025 | 492 |  | 2,897 |  |  |  | 191 |  | 3,580 |
2026 | 167 |  | 2,064 |  |  |  | 60 |  | 2,291 |
2027 | — |  | 1,027 |  |  |  | — |  | 1,027 |
2028 | — |  | — |  |  |  | — |  | — |
Total | $ | 941 |  |  | $ | 7,211 |  |  |  |  | $ | 309 |  |  | $ | 8,461 |

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