<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001493152-25-025796.txt : 20251202
<SEC-HEADER>0001493152-25-025796.hdr.sgml : 20251202
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20251202172428
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001493152-25-025796
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	424B3
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		2
FILED AS OF DATE:		20251202
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20251202

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			GT Biopharma, Inc.
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000109657
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS [2834]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	03 Life Sciences
		EIN:				941620407
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		424B3
		SEC ACT:		1933 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	333-291060
		FILM NUMBER:		251544218

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		505 MONTGOMERY STREET
		STREET 2:		10TH FLOOR
		CITY:			SAN FRANCISCO
		STATE:			CA
		ZIP:			94111
		BUSINESS PHONE:		(800) 304-9888

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		505 MONTGOMERY STREET
		STREET 2:		10TH FLOOR
		CITY:			SAN FRANCISCO
		STATE:			CA
		ZIP:			94111

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	OXIS INTERNATIONAL INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19940916

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	DDI PHARMACEUTICALS INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19920703

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	DIAGNOSTIC DATA INC /DE/
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19850312
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>424B3
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>form424b3.htm
<DESCRIPTION>424B3
<TEXT>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"> <B>Filed Pursuant to Rule
424(b)(3)</B> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: right"> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Registration
No. 333-291060</B></FONT> </P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B> PROSPECTUS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><IMG SRC="form424b3_001.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>14,589,546
Shares of Common Stock</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
prospectus relates to the offering from time to time by the selling stockholders named in this prospectus (the &ldquo;Selling Stockholders&rdquo;)
of up to an aggregate 14,589,546 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the &ldquo;Common Stock&rdquo;), of GT Biopharma,
Inc., a Delaware corporation (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;), consisting of (i) 7,219,771 shares of Common Stock issuable upon the conversion
of 3,277.78 shares of Series L 10% Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the &ldquo;Series L Preferred Stock&rdquo;
or the &ldquo;Preferred Shares,&rdquo; and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Preferred Shares, the &ldquo;Conversion
Shares&rdquo;) issued upon the exercise of certain of the Greenshoe Rights (as defined below) issued in connection with our private placement
in May 2025, (ii) 7,219,775 shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of vested warrants (the &ldquo;Vesting Warrants,&rdquo;
and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of the Vesting Warrants, the &ldquo;Vesting Warrant Shares&rdquo;) issued in
connection with our private placement in May 2025, and (iii) 150,000 shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of the pre-funded
warrants (the &ldquo;Pre-Funded Warrants,&rdquo; and the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants, the
&ldquo;Advisory Shares&rdquo;) issued to PDPC Advisors Inc., a Delaware limited liability company (&ldquo;PDPC&rdquo;), pursuant to an
advisory agreement, effective as of June 30, 2025, between PDPC and the Company (the &ldquo;Advisory Agreement&rdquo;). The Conversion
Shares, the Vesting Warrant Shares and the Advisory Shares are collectively referred to as the &ldquo;Shares.&rdquo; We are registering
the Shares on behalf of the Selling Stockholders, to be offered and sold by them from time to time. We will not receive any proceeds
from the sale of the Shares offered by this prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have agreed to bear all of the expenses incurred in connection with the registration of the Shares. The Selling Stockholders will pay
or assume discounts, commissions, fees of underwriters, selling brokers or dealer managers and similar expenses, if any, incurred for
the sale of the Shares of our Common Stock.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Selling Stockholders, or their respective donees, pledgees, transferees or other successors-in-interest, may sell or otherwise dispose
of the Shares covered by this prospectus in a number of different ways. We provide more information about how the Selling Stockholders
may sell or otherwise dispose of their Shares in the section entitled &ldquo;<I>Plan of Distribution</I>.&rdquo; For a list of the Selling
Stockholders, see the section entitled &ldquo;<I>Selling Stockholders</I>.&rdquo;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
Common Stock is presently listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market (&ldquo;Nasdaq&rdquo;) under the trading symbol &ldquo;GTBP.&rdquo; On
December 1, 2025, the closing sale price for our Common Stock was $0.78 per share.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Investing
in our securities involves a high degree of risk. See the section entitled &ldquo;<I>Risk Factors</I>&rdquo; beginning on page 6 of
this prospectus and in the documents incorporated by reference into this prospectus for a discussion of risks that should be considered
in connection with an investment in our securities.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Neither
the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed
upon the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
date of this prospectus is December 2, 2025.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>TABLE
OF CONTENTS<SUP></SUP></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Page</B></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#a_001">ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS</A></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#a_002">CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS</A></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#a_003">PROSPECTUS SUMMARY</A></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#a_004">THE OFFERING</A></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#a_005">RISK FACTORS</A></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: white">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#a_006">USE OF PROCEEDS</A></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#a_007">MARKET INFORMATION FOR SECURITIES AND DIVIDEND POLICY</A></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">11</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><A HREF="#a_008">DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK</A></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">12</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#sd_001"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">SELLING STOCKHOLDERS</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">18</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#sd_002"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">MATERIAL TAX CONSIDERATIONS</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">21</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#sd_003"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">25</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#sd_004"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; text-transform: uppercase">Incorporation of certain information by reference</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">27</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#sd_005"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">28</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#sd_006"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">LEGAL MATTERS</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">28</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; background-color: #CCEEFF">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><A HREF="#sd_007"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">EXPERTS</FONT></A></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">28</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>



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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_001"></A>ABOUT
THIS PROSPECTUS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
prospectus is part of a registration statement filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;SEC&rdquo;) using a
&ldquo;shelf&rdquo; registration process. By using a shelf registration statement, the Selling Stockholders may sell up to 14,589,546
shares of Common Stock from time to time in one or more offerings as described in this prospectus. We will not receive any proceeds from
the sale by the Selling Stockholders of the shares of Common Stock offered pursuant to this prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
may also file a prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part
that may contain material information relating to these offerings. The prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment may also add,
update or change information contained in this prospectus with respect to that offering. If there is any inconsistency between the information
in this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement or post-effective amendment, you should rely on the prospectus supplement
or post-effective amendment, as applicable. Before purchasing any securities, you should carefully read this prospectus, any post-effective
amendment, and any applicable prospectus supplement, together with the additional information described under the heading &ldquo;<I>Where
You Can Find More Information</I>.&rdquo;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Neither
we, nor the Selling Stockholders, have authorized anyone to provide you with any information or to make any representations other than
those contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus, any post-effective amendment, or any applicable prospectus supplement
prepared by or on behalf of us or to which we have referred you. We and the Selling Stockholders take no responsibility for and can provide
no assurance as to the reliability of any other information that others may give you. The Selling Stockholders will not make an offer
to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. You should assume that the information appearing
in this prospectus, any post-effective amendment and any applicable prospectus supplement to this prospectus is accurate only as of the
date on its respective cover. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates.
This prospectus incorporates by reference, and any post-effective amendment or any prospectus supplement may contain or incorporate by
reference, market data and industry statistics and forecasts that are based on independent industry publications and other publicly available
information.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Although
we believe these sources are reliable, we do not guarantee the accuracy or completeness of this information and we have not independently
verified this information. In addition, the market and industry data and forecasts that may be incorporated by reference in this prospectus,
any post-effective amendment or any prospectus supplement may involve estimates, assumptions and other risks and uncertainties and are
subject to change based on various factors, including those discussed under the heading &ldquo;<I>Risk Factors</I>&rdquo; incorporated
by reference in this prospectus, any post-effective amendment and any applicable prospectus supplement. Accordingly, investors should
not place undue reliance on this information.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
information appearing in this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or any related free writing prospectus is accurate only
as of the date on the front of the document and any information we have incorporated by reference is accurate only as of the date of
the document incorporated by reference, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus, any applicable prospectus supplement or
any related free writing prospectus, or any sale of a security. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects
may have changed since those dates.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
prospectus contains summaries of certain provisions contained in some of the documents described herein, but reference is made to the
actual documents for complete information. All of the summaries are qualified in their entirety by the actual documents. Copies of some
of the documents referred to herein have been filed, will be filed or will be incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration
statement of which this prospectus is a part, and you may obtain copies of those documents as described below under the heading &ldquo;<I>Where
You Can Find More Information</I>.&rdquo;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
prospectus and the information incorporated herein by reference include trademarks, service marks and trade names owned by us or other
companies. All trademarks, service marks and trade names included or incorporated by reference into this prospectus, any applicable prospectus
supplement or any related free writing prospectuses are the property of their respective owners.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unless
the context otherwise requires, the terms &ldquo;we,&rdquo; &ldquo;our,&rdquo; &ldquo;us,&rdquo; &ldquo;our company,&rdquo; and &ldquo;GT
Biopharma&rdquo; refer to GT Biopharma, Inc.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_002"></A>CAUTIONARY
NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
prospectus, including any prospectus supplement or document incorporated by reference herein, contains forward-looking statements about
us and our industry. All statements other than statements of historical fact are &ldquo;Forward-Looking Statements&rdquo; for purposes
of these provisions, including our plans of operation, any projections of revenues or other financial items, any statements of the plans
and objectives of management for future operations, any statements concerning proposed new products or services, any statements regarding
future economic conditions or performance, and any statements of assumptions underlying any of the foregoing. All forward-looking statements
included in this document are made as of the date hereof and are based on information available to us as of such date. We assume no obligation
to update any forward-looking statement. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of terminology such as
&ldquo;may,&rdquo; &ldquo;will,&rdquo; &ldquo;expects,&rdquo; &ldquo;plans,&rdquo; &ldquo;anticipates,&rdquo; &ldquo;intends,&rdquo;
&ldquo;believes,&rdquo; &ldquo;estimates,&rdquo; &ldquo;potential,&rdquo; or &ldquo;continue,&rdquo; or the negative thereof or other
comparable terminology. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements contained herein are reasonable,
there can be no assurance that such expectations or any of the forward-looking statements will prove to be correct, and actual results
could differ materially from those projected or assumed in the forward-looking statements. Future financial condition and results of
operations, as well as any forward looking statements are subject to inherent risks and uncertainties, including any other factors referred
to in our press releases and reports filed with the SEC. All subsequent forward-looking statements attributable to the company or persons
acting on its behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements. Additional factors that may have a direct
bearing on our operating results are described under &ldquo;<I>Risk Factors</I>&rdquo; in this prospectus or in any related free writing
prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">You
should assume that the information appearing in this prospectus or any related free writing prospectus is accurate as of its date only.
Because the risk factors described herein could cause actual results or outcomes to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking
statements made by us or on our behalf, you should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. Further, any forward-looking
statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict
which factors will arise. In addition, we cannot assess the impact of each factor on our business or the extent to which any factor,
or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. All
written or oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or any person acting on our behalf made after the date of this prospectus
are expressly qualified in their entirety by the risk factors and cautionary statements contained in this prospectus. Unless legally
required, we do not undertake any obligation to release publicly any revisions to such forward-looking statements to reflect events or
circumstances after the date of this prospectus or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition, statements that &ldquo;we believe&rdquo; and similarly qualified statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant
subject. These statements are based upon information available to us as of the date of this prospectus, and while we believe such information
forms a reasonable basis for such statements, such information may be limited or incomplete, and our statements should not be read to
indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all potentially available relevant information. These statements
are inherently uncertain and you are cautioned not to rely unduly upon them.</FONT></P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_003"></A>PROSPECTUS
SUMMARY</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>This
summary highlights certain information contained elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary does not contain all of the information that
may be important to you or that you should consider before investing in our Common Stock. You should read the entire prospectus carefully,
including our financial statements and related notes and especially the information under &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; incorporated by
reference herein from our most recent annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly report on Form 10-Q and other filings with the SEC. This
prospectus contains forward-looking statements, based on current expectations and related to future events and our future financial performance,
that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may vary materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements as
a result of various factors, including, without limitation, those set forth under &ldquo;Risk Factors,&rdquo; as well as other matters
described in this prospectus and in our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly report on Form 10-Q and other filings with the SEC. See
&ldquo;Forward-Looking Statements.&rdquo;</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Overview</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are a clinical stage biopharmaceutical company focused on the development and commercialization of novel immuno-oncology products based
on our proprietary Tri-specific Killer Engager (TriKE&reg;), and Tetra-specific Killer Engager (Dual Targeting TriKE&reg;) fusion protein
immune cell engager technology platforms. Our TriKE&reg; and Dual Targeting TriKE&reg; platforms generate proprietary therapeutics designed
to harness and enhance the cancer killing abilities of a patient&rsquo;s own natural killer cells, or NK cells. Once bound to an NK cell,
our moieties are designed to activate the NK cell to direct it to one or more specifically targeted proteins expressed on a specific
type of cancer cell or virus infected cell, resulting in the targeted cell&rsquo;s death. TriKE&reg;s can be designed to target any number
of tumor antigens, including B7-H3, HER2, CD33 and PDL1, on hematologic malignancies or solid tumors and do not require patient-specific
customization. We believe our TriKE&reg; and Dual Targeting TriKE&reg; platforms that activate endogenous NK cells are potentially safer
than T-cell immunotherapy because there is less cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and fewer neurological complications. Our preclinical
data suggests that this is explained by the TriKE&reg; dependent CD16 directed IL-15 proliferation of NK cells but little effect on endogenous
T cells.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are using our TriKE&reg; platform with the intent to bring to market immuno-oncology products that can treat a range of hematologic malignancies,
solid tumors, and potentially autoimmune disorders. The platform is scalable, and we are implementing processes to produce investigational
new drug (IND) ready moieties in a timely manner after a specific TriKE&reg; conceptual design. Specific drug candidates can then be
advanced into the clinic on our own or through potential collaborations with partnering companies. We believe our TriKE&reg;s may have
the ability, if approved for marketing, to be used as both monotherapy and in combination with other standard-of-care therapies.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
initial work was conducted in collaboration with the Masonic Cancer Center at the University of Minnesota under a program led by Dr.
Jeffrey Miller, Professor of Medicine, and the Interim Director at the Center. Dr. Miller, who also serves as our Consulting Senior Medical
Director, is a recognized key opinion leader in the field of NK cell and IL-15 biology and their therapeutic potential. We have exclusive
rights to the TriKE&reg; platform and are generating additional intellectual property for specific moieties.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Recent
Developments</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Private
Placement of Shares of Preferred Stock and Warrants</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
May 12, 2025, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (as amended, the &ldquo;Securities Purchase Agreement&rdquo;)
with the Selling Stockholders among others (collectively, the &ldquo;Investors&rdquo;), whereby we agreed to issue and sell to the Investors
(i) up to 6,612 Preferred Shares, (ii) 14,561,913 shares of Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of warrants (the &ldquo;Common Stock
Warrants,&rdquo; and together with the Vesting Warrants, the &ldquo;Warrants&rdquo;), and (iii) the Vesting Warrants, with an aggregate
stated value of $6,611,111.00, for an aggregate purchase price of $5,950,000.00 (the transactions contemplated by the Securities Purchase
Agreement, the &ldquo;Private Placement&rdquo;). Pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement, each Investor may elect to purchase shares
of Series L Preferred Stock with an aggregate stated value of up to $24,018,349 (the &ldquo;Greenshoe Rights&rdquo;) for an aggregate
purchase price of $21,616,514, subject to adjustments, as further described in the Securities Purchase Agreement. Each Investor is entitled
to exercise its respective Greenshoe Rights for an amount of Series L Preferred Stock equal to the ratio of such Investor&rsquo;s original
subscription amount to the original aggregate subscription amount of all Investors.</FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of the date of this prospectus, certain of the Investors have exercised their Greenshoe Rights under the Securities Purchase Agreement
to purchase an aggregate 3,277.78 additional shares of Series L Preferred Stock. In connection with the exercise of such Greenshoe Rights,
each Investors&rsquo; Vesting Warrants have vested ratably in proportion to their exercise of such Greenshoe Rights. The gross proceeds
to us from the exercise of Greenshoe Rights to date before expenses are equal to $3.0 million. We intend to use the net proceeds from
such exercise of Greenshoe Rights for working capital and general corporate purposes.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
connection with our entry into the Securities Purchase Agreement, on May 12, 2025, we entered into a registration rights agreement with
the Investors (the &ldquo;Registration Rights Agreement&rdquo;), pursuant to which we agreed to file a resale registration statement
with respect to the public resale of the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the Preferred Shares and upon exercise of
the Warrants not later than 30 calendar days after May 12, 2025 and after each closing of the exercise of a Greenshoe Right in accordance
with the Securities Purchase Agreement, to become effective no later than 90 days after filing.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
foregoing summary descriptions of the Securities Purchase Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement do not purport to be complete
and are qualified in their entirety by reference to the full text of such documents, which are filed as exhibits to the registration
statement of which this prospectus forms a part and are incorporated by reference herein.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Going
Concern</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have evaluated the significance of the uncertainty regarding our financial condition in relation to our ability to meet our obligations,
which has raised substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. While it is very difficult to estimate our future
liquidity requirements, we believe if we are unable to obtain additional financing, existing cash resources will not be sufficient to
enable us to fund the anticipated level of our operations through one year from the date the financial statements included in our annual
report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 were issued. In addition, the Company&rsquo;s independent registered public accounting firm, in its report on the Company&rsquo;s
December 31, 2024, financial statements, raised substantial doubt about the Company&rsquo;s ability to continue as a going concern. There can be no assurances that we will be able to secure
additional financing on acceptable terms. In the event that we do not secure additional financing, we will be forced to delay, reduce,
or eliminate some or all of our discretionary spending, which could adversely affect our business prospects, ability to meet long-term
liquidity needs and ability to continue operations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Implications
of Being a Smaller Reporting Company</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are a &ldquo;smaller reporting company&rdquo; as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &ldquo;Exchange Act&rdquo;),
and have elected to take advantage of certain of the scaled disclosures available to smaller reporting companies. Accordingly, we may
provide less public disclosure than larger public companies, including the inclusion of only two years of audited financial
statements and only two years of management&rsquo;s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations disclosure
and the inclusion of reduced disclosure about our executive compensation arrangements. As a smaller reporting company, we are also exempt
from compliance with the auditor attestation requirements pursuant to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. As a result, the information that we provide
to our stockholders may be different than you might receive from other public reporting companies in which you hold equity interests.
We will continue to be a &ldquo;smaller reporting company&rdquo; until we have $250 million or more in public float (based on our Common
Stock) measured as of the last business day of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter or, in the event we have no public float
or a public float (based on our Common Stock) that is less than $700 million, annual revenues of $100 million or more during the most
recently completed fiscal year.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Corporate
Information</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
Common Stock currently trades on Nasdaq under the symbol &ldquo;GTBP.&rdquo; Effective as of July 1, 2024, we became a fully remote company.
We do not maintain a principal executive office. For purposes of compliance with applicable requirements of the Securities Act of 1933,
as amended (the &ldquo;Securities Act&rdquo;), and the Exchange Act, any stockholder communication required to be sent to our principal
executive offices may be directed to 505 Montgomery Street, 10th Floor, San Francisco, CA 94111. Our telephone number is (415) 919-4040.
We maintain a website at www.gtbiopharma.com. Information contained on or accessible through our website is not, and should not be considered,
part of, or incorporated by reference into, this prospectus.</FONT></P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_004"></A>THE
OFFERING</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 33%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Common
    Stock offered by the Selling Stockholders</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 65%; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Up
    to 14,589,546 shares of Common Stock, consisting of (i) 7,219,771 Conversion Shares, (ii) 7,219,775 Vesting Warrant Shares and (iii)
    150,000 Advisory Shares.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Common
    Stock outstanding before this offering</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10,636,135
    shares of Common Stock.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Use
    of Proceeds</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
    will not receive any proceeds from any sale of the Shares by the Selling Stockholders. We may receive proceeds upon any exercise
    for cash of outstanding Vesting Warrants. See the section titled &ldquo;<I>Use of Proceeds</I>.&rdquo;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Risk
    Factors</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">See
    the section under the heading &ldquo;<I>Risk Factors</I>&rdquo; in this prospectus and the other information included in, or incorporated
    by reference into, this prospectus or any prospectus supplement for a discussion of certain factors you should carefully consider
    before deciding to invest in shares of our Common Stock.</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Nasdaq
    Symbol</B></FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
    Common Stock is listed on Nasdaq under the symbol &ldquo;GTBP.&rdquo;</FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_005"></A>RISK
FACTORS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Investment
in the shares of Common Stock offered pursuant to this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement involves risks. You should
carefully consider the risk factors described below and in the &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; sections incorporated by reference herein from
our most recent annual report on Form 10-K, as well as any subsequent annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q or
current reports on Form 8-K we file after the date of this prospectus, and all other information contained or incorporated by reference
into this prospectus, as updated by our subsequent filings under the Exchange Act, and the risk factors and other information contained
in the applicable prospectus supplement and any applicable free writing prospectus before acquiring any of such Common Stock. The occurrence
of any of these risks might cause you to lose all or part of your investment in the offered shares of Common Stock.</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Risks
Related to the Offering</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>There
has been a limited public market for our Common Stock, and we do not know whether one will develop to provide you adequate liquidity.
Furthermore, the trading price for our Common Stock, should an active trading market develop, may be volatile and could be subject to
wide fluctuations in per-share price.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
Common Stock is listed on Nasdaq under the trading symbol &ldquo;GTBP;&rdquo; historically, however, there has been a limited public
market for our Common Stock. We cannot assure you that an active trading market for our Common Stock will develop or be sustained. The
liquidity of any market for the shares of our Common Stock will depend on a number of factors, including:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt"><TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
                                            number of stockholders;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
                                            operating performance and financial condition;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
                                            market for similar securities;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
                                            extent of coverage of us by securities or industry analysts; and</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
                                            interest of securities dealers in making a market in the shares of our Common Stock.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Even
if an active trading market develops, the market price for our Common Stock may be highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations.
In addition, the price of shares of our Common Stock could decline significantly if our future operating results fail to meet or exceed
the expectations of market analysts and investors and actual or anticipated variations in our quarterly operating results could negatively
affect our share price.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
volatility of the price of our Common Stock may also be impacted by the risks discussed under this &ldquo;<I>Risk Factors</I>&rdquo;
section, in addition to other factors, including:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

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<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">developments
                                            in the financial markets and worldwide or regional economies;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">announcements
                                            of innovations or new products or services by us or our competitors;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">announcements
                                            by the government relating to regulations that govern our industry;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">significant
                                            sales of our Common Stock or other securities in the open market;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">variations
                                            in interest rates;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">changes
                                            in the market valuations of other comparable companies; and</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">changes
                                            in accounting principles.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Our
outstanding warrants and options may affect the market price of our Common Stock.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of October 23, 2025, we had 10,636,135 shares of Common Stock outstanding and issued and had outstanding warrants for the purchase
of up to 59,010,394 additional shares of Common Stock at a weighted average exercise price of $0.87 per share, 20,017,051 of which are
exercisable as of the date of this prospectus (subject to certain beneficial ownership limitations). In addition, we had outstanding
options for the purchase of up to 597,550 additional shares of Common Stock at a weighted average exercise price of $4.23 per share,
396,439 of which are exercisable as of October 23, 2025. The amount of Common Stock reserved for issuance may have an adverse
impact on our ability to raise capital and may affect the price and liquidity of our Common Stock in the public market. In addition,
the issuance of these shares of Common Stock will have a dilutive effect on current stockholders&rsquo; ownership.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Because
our Common Stock may be deemed a low-priced &ldquo;penny&rdquo; stock, an investment in our Common Stock should be considered high-risk
and subject to marketability restrictions.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Historically,
the trading price of our Common Stock has been $5.00 per share or lower, and deemed a penny stock, as defined in Rule 3a51-1 under the
Exchange Act, and subject to the penny stock rules of the Exchange Act specified in rules 15g-1 through 15g-100. Those rules require
broker-dealers, before effecting transactions in any penny stock, to:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">deliver
                                            to the customer, and obtain a written receipt for, a disclosure document;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">disclose
                                            certain price information about the stock;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">disclose
                                            the amount of compensation received by the broker-dealer or any associated person of the
                                            broker-dealer;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">send
                                            monthly statements to customers with market and price information about the penny stock;
                                            and</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">in
                                            some circumstances, approve the purchaser&#8217;s account under certain standards and deliver
                                            written statements to the customer with information specified in rules.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Consequently,
the penny stock rules may restrict the ability or willingness of broker-dealers to sell the common stock and may affect the ability of
holders to sell their common stock in the secondary market and the price at which such holders can sell any such securities. These additional
procedures could also limit our ability to raise additional capital in the future.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Financial
Industry Regulatory Authority (&ldquo;FINRA&rdquo;) sales practice requirements may also limit a stockholder&rsquo;s ability to buy and
sell our Common Stock, which could depress the price of our Common Stock.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition to the &ldquo;penny stock&rdquo; rules described above, FINRA has adopted rules that require a broker-dealer to have reasonable
grounds for believing that the investment is suitable for that customer before recommending an investment to a customer. Prior to recommending
speculative low-priced securities to their non-institutional customers, broker-dealers must make reasonable efforts to obtain information
about the customer&rsquo;s financial status, tax status, investment objectives and other information. Under interpretations of these
rules, FINRA believes that there is a high probability that speculative low-priced securities will not be suitable for at least some
customers. Thus, the FINRA requirements make it more difficult for broker-dealers to recommend that their customers buy our Common Stock,
which may limit your ability to buy and sell our shares of Common Stock, have an adverse effect on the market for our shares of Common
Stock, and thereby depress our price per share of Common Stock.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>If
securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business, or if they issue an adverse or misleading opinion
regarding our stock, our stock price and trading volume could decline.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
trading market for our Common Stock may be influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts publish about
us or our business. We currently have research coverage by only one securities analyst, and we may never obtain research coverage by
additional analysts. If no or few securities or industry analysts commence coverage of us, the trading price for our Common Stock may
be negatively affected. In the event that we receive additional securities or industry analyst coverage, if any of the analysts who cover
us issue an adverse or misleading opinion regarding us, our business model, our intellectual property or our stock performance, or if
our operating results fail to meet the expectations of analysts, our stock price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts
cease coverage of us or fail to publish reports on us regularly, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which in turn could
cause our stock price or trading volume to decline.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Anti-takeover
provisions may limit the ability of another party to acquire us, which could cause our stock price to decline.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Delaware
law and our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, as amended (&ldquo;Charter&rdquo;), our amended and restated bylaws (&ldquo;Bylaws&rdquo;)
and other governing documents contain provisions that could discourage, delay or prevent a third party from acquiring us, even if doing
so may be beneficial to our stockholders, which could cause our stock price to decline. In addition, these provisions could limit the
price investors would be willing to pay in the future for shares of our Common Stock.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>We
do not currently or for the foreseeable future intend to pay dividends on our Common Stock.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our Common Stock. We currently anticipate that we will retain future earnings for the
development, operation and expansion of our business and do not anticipate declaring or paying any cash dividends for the foreseeable
future. As a result, any return on your investment in our Common Stock will be limited to the appreciation in the price of our Common
Stock, if any.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Purchasers
of our Common Stock in this offering will experience immediate and substantial dilution in the book value of their investment.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
effective public offering price per share of Common Stock in this offering may exceed the net tangible book value per share of our Common
Stock outstanding prior to this offering, in which case you may incur an immediate and substantial dilution in the net tangible book
value of the shares of Common Stock you purchase in this offering. Furthermore, if outstanding options or warrants are exercised, purchasers
could experience further dilution.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>We
will need additional capital to conduct our operations and develop our products, and our ability to obtain the necessary funding is uncertain.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have used a significant amount of cash since inception to finance the continued development and testing of our product candidates, and
we expect to need substantial additional capital resources to develop our product candidates going forward and launch and commercialize
any product candidates for which we receive regulatory approval.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
may not be successful in generating and/or maintaining operating cash flow, and the timing of our capital expenditures and other expenditures
may not result in cash sufficient to sustain our operations through the commercialization of our product candidates. If financing is
not sufficient and additional financing is not available or available only on terms that are detrimental to our long-term survival, it
could have a material adverse effect on our ability to continue to function. The timing and degree of any future capital requirements
will depend on many factors, including:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.25in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">accuracy
                                            of the assumptions underlying our estimates for capital needs in 2025 and beyond&#894;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">scientific
                                            and clinical progress in our research and development programs&#894;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
                                            magnitude and scope of our research and development programs and our ability to establish,
                                            enforce and maintain strategic arrangements for research, development, clinical testing,
                                            manufacturing and marketing&#894;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
                                            progress with pre-clinical development and clinical trials&#894;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
                                            time and costs involved in obtaining regulatory approvals&#894;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
                                            costs involved in preparing, filing, prosecuting, maintaining, defending and enforcing patent
                                            claims&#894; and</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
                                            number and type of product candidates that we pursue.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Additional
financing through strategic collaborations, public or private equity or debt financings or other financing sources may not be available
on acceptable terms, or at all. Additional equity financing could result in significant dilution to our stockholders, and any debt financings
will likely involve covenants restricting our business activities. Further, if we obtain additional funds through arrangements with collaborative
partners, these arrangements may require us to relinquish rights to some of our technologies, product candidates or products that we
would otherwise seek to develop and commercialize on our own.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
sufficient capital is not available, we may be required to delay, reduce the scope of or eliminate one or more of our research or product
development initiatives, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or business prospects.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><I>Our
Common Stock may be at risk for delisting from Nasdaq in the future if we do not maintain compliance with Nasdaq&rsquo;s continued listing
requirements. Delisting could adversely affect the liquidity of our Common Stock and the market price of our Common Stock could decrease.</I></B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 31.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
Common Stock is currently listed on Nasdaq. Nasdaq has minimum requirements that a company must meet in order to remain listed on Nasdaq,
including corporate governance standards and a requirement that we maintain a stockholders&rsquo; equity above $2,500,000 as set forth
in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(b)(1) (&ldquo;Minimum Stockholders&rsquo; Equity Requirement&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
November 21, 2024, the Company received a letter from Nasdaq notifying the Company that its amount of stockholders&rsquo; equity has
fallen below the $2,500,000 required minimum for continued listing set forth in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(b)(1) (the &ldquo;Notification
Letter&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 31.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 31.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Notification Letter indicated that we had 45 days (i.e., until January 6, 2025) to submit a plan to regain compliance with the Minimum
Stockholders&rsquo; Equity Requirement, noting that if such plan is accepted, the Staff can grant us an extension of up to 180 days from
the date of the Notification Letter to evidence compliance. In determining whether to accept our plan, the Staff will consider such things
as the likelihood that the plan will result in compliance with Nasdaq&rsquo;s continued listing criteria, our past compliance history,
the reasons for our current non-compliance, other corporate events that may occur within the review period, our overall financial condition
and our public disclosures.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 31.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
submitted a plan of compliance to the Staff on December 31, 2024, outlining our plan to conduct periodic public and private securities
offerings to regain compliance. The Staff also requested additional information regarding our financing plans and financial projection,
which we provided to them. On June 13, 2025, we received a letter from the Staff notifying us that we have regained compliance with the
Minimum Stockholders&rsquo; Equity Requirement set forth in Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(b)(1). Nasdaq will continue to monitor the Company
to ensure its ongoing compliance with the Minimum Stockholders&rsquo; Equity Requirement, so if at the time of the filing of the Company&rsquo;s
next periodic financial statements the Company does not evidence compliance with the Minimum Stockholders&rsquo; Equity Requirement,
the Company may be subject to delisting.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 31.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 31.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
our Common Stock is delisted from Nasdaq, our ability to raise capital through public offerings of our securities and to finance our
operations could be adversely affected. We also believe that delisting would likely result in decreased liquidity and/or increased volatility
in our Common Stock and could harm our business and future prospects. In addition, we believe that, if our Common Stock is delisted,
our stockholders would likely find it more difficult to obtain accurate quotations as to the price of our Common Stock and it may be
more difficult for stockholders to buy or sell our Common Stock at competitive market prices, or at all.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 31.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the future, if we fail to maintain such minimum requirements and a final determination is made by Nasdaq that our Common Stock must be
delisted, the liquidity of our Common Stock would be adversely affected and the market price of our Common Stock could decrease. In addition,
if delisted, we would no longer be subject to Nasdaq rules, including rules requiring us to have a certain number of independent directors
and to meet other corporate governance standards. Our failure to be listed on Nasdaq or another established securities market would have
a material adverse effect on the value of your investment in us.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_006"></A>USE
OF PROCEEDS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">All
of the Shares offered by the Selling Stockholders pursuant to this prospectus will be sold by the Selling Stockholders for their respective
accounts. We will not receive any proceeds from any such sales.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
portion of the Shares covered by this prospectus are issuable upon exercise of the Vesting Warrants and the Pre-Funded Warrants issued
to the Selling Stockholders. The current exercise price of the outstanding Vesting Warrants is $0.5319 per share. The exercise price
and number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Vesting Warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances, including
stock splits or dividends, mergers, or reclassifications or similar events. Upon any cash exercise of outstanding Vesting Warrants, the
applicable Selling Stockholders will pay us the exercise price. To the extent we receive proceeds from the cash exercise of outstanding
Vesting Warrants, we intend to use the proceeds for working capital and for other general corporate purposes. We have not yet determined
the amount of net proceeds to be used specifically for any of the foregoing purposes in the event any of the Vesting Warrants are exercised
for cash.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Selling Stockholders will pay any discounts, commissions, fees of underwriters, selling brokers, dealer managers or similar securities
industry professionals and expenses incurred by the Selling Stockholders for brokerage, accounting, tax or legal services or any other
expenses incurred by the selling stockholders in disposing of the Shares. We will bear all other costs, fees and expenses incurred in
effecting the registration of the Shares covered by this prospectus, including, without limitation, filing and printing fees, listing
fees and fees and expenses of our counsel and our accountants.</FONT></P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_007"></A>MARKET
INFORMATION FOR SECURITIES AND DIVIDEND POLICY </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Market
Information</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
Common Stock is currently listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol &ldquo;GTBP.&rdquo; Until May 2009, our Common Stock was
traded on the OTC Bulletin Board (&ldquo;OTCBB&rdquo;) under the symbol &ldquo;OXIS.&rdquo; From May 20, 2009 until March 11, 2010, our
Common Stock was traded on Pink OTC Markets Inc. trading platform under the symbol &ldquo;OXIS.&rdquo; From January 2015 to August 2017,
our Common Stock was quoted on the OTCQB under the &ldquo;OXIS&rdquo; trading symbol. From August 2017 to February 11, 2021, our Common
Stock was quoted on the OTCQB under the &ldquo;GTBP&rdquo; trading symbol.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 30.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of October 23, 2025, there were 10,636,135 shares of our Common Stock outstanding, held of record by 29 stockholders.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Dividend
Policy</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 30.7pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have not paid any dividends on our Common Stock to date and do not anticipate that we will pay dividends in the foreseeable future. Any
payment of cash dividends on our Common Stock in the future will be dependent upon the amount of funds legally available, our earnings,
if any, our financial condition, our anticipated capital requirements and other factors that the Board of Directors may think are relevant.
However, we currently intend for the foreseeable future to follow a policy of retaining all of our earnings, if any, to finance the development
and expansion of our business and, therefore, do not expect to pay any dividends on our Common Stock in the foreseeable future.</FONT></P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="a_008"></A>DESCRIPTION
OF CAPITAL STOCK</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>The
following summary of the rights of our Capital Stock is not complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to
our Charter and Bylaws, copies of which are filed as exhibits to our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, the Certificates of Designations
and forms of securities, copies of which are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, which
are incorporated by reference herein.</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following summary describes the material terms of our Capital Stock. The summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to our Charter
and our Bylaws.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Authorized
Shares</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
authorized shares consist of 250,000,000 shares of Common Stock and 15,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share
(the &ldquo;Preferred Stock&rdquo;). Our Common Stock is registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act and is listed on Nasdaq under
the trading symbol &ldquo;GTBP.&rdquo;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
February 2, 2024, the Company effectuated a reverse stock split of its Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share, at a ratio of 1 for
30 (the &ldquo;Reverse Stock Split&rdquo;). Common Stock began trading on a Reverse Stock Split-adjusted basis on Nasdaq on February
5, 2024 under the existing trading symbol &ldquo;GTBP.&rdquo;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
a result of the reverse stock split, every 30 shares of issued and outstanding Common Stock were automatically combined into one issued
and outstanding share of Common Stock, without any change in the par value per share. No fractional shares will be issued in connection
with the Reverse Stock Split. Stockholders who otherwise would be entitled to receive fractional shares of Common Stock will be entitled
to receive their pro-rata portion of the net proceeds obtained from the aggregation and sale by the exchange agent of the fractional
shares resulting from the Reverse Stock Split (reduced by any customary brokerage fees, commission and other expenses). The Reverse Stock
Split reduced the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on the effective date of the Reverse Stock Split from 41,419,000 shares
to 1,380,633 shares, subject to minor adjustments due to the treatment of fractional shares. The number of authorized shares of Common
Stock remains unchanged at 250,000,000 shares.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Proportionate
adjustments have been made to the per share exercise price and the number of shares of Common Stock that may be purchased upon exercise
of outstanding stock options and warrants for Common Stock, and to the number of shares of Common Stock reserved for future issuance
pursuant to the GT Biopharma, Inc. 2022 Omnibus Incentive Plan.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">All
share and per share information within this prospectus have been adjusted to retroactively reflect the Reverse Stock Split as of the
earliest period presented.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Common
Stock</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Holders
of our Common Stock are entitled to one vote for each share of Common Stock held of record for the election of directors and on all matters
submitted to a vote of stockholders. Holders of our Common Stock are entitled to receive dividends ratably, if any, as may be declared
by the Board out of legally available funds, subject to any preferential dividend rights of any Preferred Stock then outstanding. In
the event of our dissolution, liquidation or winding up, holders of our Common Stock are entitled to share ratably in our net assets
legally available after the payment of all of our debts and other liabilities, subject to the liquidation preferences of any Preferred
Stock then outstanding. Holders of our Common Stock have no preemptive, subscription, redemption or conversion rights. The rights, preferences
and privileges of holders of Common Stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any
series of Preferred Stock currently outstanding or that we may designate and issue in the future. All outstanding shares of our Common
Stock are fully paid and non-assessable. Except as described below in &ldquo;<I>Anti-Takeover Provisions Under Our Charter and Bylaws
and Delaware Law</I>,&rdquo; holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote shall constitute a quorum for
the transaction of business, and a vote of the majority of the voting power represented at such meeting at which a quorum is generally
required to take action under our Charter and Bylaws.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Preferred
Stock</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
Board is authorized, without action by the stockholders, to designate and issue up to 15,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock in one or
more series. In the past the Board has designated series lettered A through L and issued shares in those series (other than Series K).
As of the date of this prospectus, only preferred shares in the series designated C and L have shares issued and outstanding. Our Board
can fix or alter the rights, preferences and privileges of the shares of each series and any of its qualifications, limitations or restrictions,
including dividend rights, conversion rights, voting rights, terms of redemption, liquidation preferences and the number of shares constituting
a class or series. The issuance of Preferred Stock could, under certain circumstances, result in one or more of the following adverse
effects:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">decreasing
                                            the market price of our Common Stock;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">restricting
                                            dividends on our Common Stock;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">diluting
                                            the voting power of our Common Stock;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">impairing
                                            the liquidation rights of our Common Stock; or</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in">&#9679;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">delaying
                                            or preventing a change in control of us without further action by our shareholders.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
Board will make any determination to issue such shares based on its judgment as to our best interests and the best interests of our stockholders.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Series
C Preferred Stock</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
a discussion of the terms of our Series C Preferred Stock, see Note 6 to our audited financial statements, <I>Stockholders&rsquo; Equity</I>,
incorporated in this document by reference.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Series
L Preferred Stock</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 33.75pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
May 12, 2025, in connection with the Private Placement, we filed a Certificate of Designation of Preferences, Rights and Limitations
of Series L 10% Convertible Preferred Stock (the &ldquo;Certificate of Designations&rdquo;) to our Certificate of Incorporation with
the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, which established the designations, preferences, powers and rights of the Series L Preferred
Stock. On May 22, 2025, we filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware a Certificate of Increase (the &ldquo;Certificate
of Increase&rdquo;) increasing the shares of Series L Preferred Stock as designated in the Certificate of Designations from 28,056 shares
to 30,630 shares. As of September 25, 2025, all Series L Preferred Stockholders have provided a waiver to the Certificate of Designations
waiving their rights to redemption as set forth in Section 10 of the Certificate of Designations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 33.75pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 33.75pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
connection with the Private Placement, we issued an aggregate 6,612 shares of Series L Preferred Stock, which have a stated value of
$1,000, subject to increase as described in the Certificate of Designations, per share and were initially convertible into 3,235,978
shares of Common Stock at the election of the holders, subject to (i) a restriction preventing the holders and their affiliates from
beneficially owning more than 19.99% of our outstanding shares of Common Stock, (ii) a restriction prohibiting the conversion of the
Preferred Shares to the extent that the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement,
including through conversion of any Preferred Shares or exercise of any Warrants, exceeds 507,025, and (iii) a contractually stipulated
4.99% or 9.99% blocker provision. The foregoing limitations described in clause (i) and (ii) were removed upon receipt of stockholder
approval.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>&nbsp;</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>General</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Series L Preferred Stock has the powers, designations, preferences and other rights as are set forth in the Certificate of Designations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Series L Preferred Stock ranks senior to all shares of capital stock of the Company, as to dividends, distributions and payments upon
the liquidation, dissolution and winding up of the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Dividends</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Series L Preferred Stock bears dividends at a per annum rate of 10%, and 12% per annum thereafter (subject to increase upon certain events
as described in the Certificate of Designations), payable quarterly on January 1, April 1, July 1 and October 1, beginning on the first
such date after the Original Issue Date and on each Conversion Date (each as defined in the Certificate of Designations) in cash or in
duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable shares of Common Stock, or a combination thereof (the dollar amount to
be paid in shares of Common Stock, the &ldquo;Dividend Share Amount&rdquo;). The form of dividend payments to each holder will be determined
in the following order of priority: (i) if funds are legally available for the payment of dividends and the Equity Conditions (as defined
in the Certificate of Designations) have not been met during the 10 consecutive trading days immediately prior to the applicable dividend
payment date (the &ldquo;Dividend Notice Period&rdquo;), in cash only, (ii) if funds are legally available for the payment of dividends
and the Equity Conditions have been met during the Dividend Notice Period, at the sole election of the Company, in cash or shares of
Common Stock which shall be valued at the Dividend Conversion Rate (as defined in the Certificate of Designations), (iii) if funds are
not legally available for the payment of dividends and the Equity Conditions have been met during the Dividend Notice Period, in shares
of Common Stock which shall be valued at the Dividend Conversion Rate, (iv) if funds are not legally available for the payment of dividends
and the Equity Condition relating to an effective Conversion Shares Registration Statement (as defined in the Certificate of Designations)
has been waived by such holder (provided that the other Equity Conditions have been met during the Dividend Notice Period), as to such
holder only, in unregistered shares of Common Stock which shall be valued at the Dividend Conversion Rate, and (v) if funds are not legally
available for the payment of dividends and the Equity Conditions have not been met during the Dividend Notice Period, then, at the election
of such Holder, such dividends shall accrue to the next Dividend Payment Date or shall be accreted to, and increase, the outstanding
Stated Value (as defined in the Certificate of Designations).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Conversion</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Each
share of Series L Preferred Stock will be convertible, at any time and from time to time from and after the Original Issue Date at the
option of the holder thereof, into that number of shares of Common Stock determined by dividing the Stated Value of such share of Series
L Preferred Stock by the Conversion Price (as defined below). The Conversion Price for the Series L Preferred Stock was initially equal
to $2.043, subject to adjustment as described in the Certificate of Designations (the &ldquo;Conversion Price&rdquo;); provided that
upon each exercise of a Greenshoe Right pursuant to the Securities Purchase Agreement in the event that 90% of the arithmetic average
of the five lowest trading prices during the 10 trading days immediately prior to such exercise of a Greenshoe Right is less than the
then Conversion Price (each such price, the &ldquo;Adjusted Price&rdquo;), the Conversion Price shall thereafter be reduced to equal
the Adjusted Price, subject to further adjustment hereunder, provided further that the reduced Adjusted Price shall in all events be
subject to a floor of $0.454 (the &ldquo;Floor Price&rdquo;) (subject to adjustment for reverse and forward stock splits, recapitalizations
and similar transactions following the Original Issue Date and provided that if the Adjusted Price is less than the Floor Price, the
Adjusted Price will equal the Floor Price). As of the date of this prospectus, the Conversion Price is equal to $0.5319.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Voting
Rights</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
shares of Series L Preferred Stock have no voting rights. However, as long as any shares of Series L Preferred Stock are outstanding,
the Company may not, without the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the then outstanding shares of Series L Preferred Stock,
(a) alter or change adversely the powers, preferences or rights given to the Series L Preferred Stock or alter or amend the Certificate
of Designation, (b) authorize or create any class of stock ranking as to dividends, redemption or distribution of assets upon a Liquidation
(as defined below) senior to, or otherwise pari passu with, the Series L Preferred Stock, (c) amend its Certificate of Incorporation
or other charter documents in any manner that adversely affects any rights of the holders, (d) increase the number of authorized shares
of Series L Preferred Stock, or (e) enter into any agreement with respect to any of the foregoing.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>&nbsp;</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Liquidation</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon
any liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of the Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary (a &ldquo;Liquidation&rdquo;), the holders
will be entitled to receive out of the assets, whether capital or surplus, of the Company an amount equal to the Stated Value, plus any
accrued and unpaid dividends thereon and any other fees or liquidated damages then due and owing thereon under the Certificate of Designations,
for each share of Series L Preferred Stock before any distribution or payment shall be made to the holders of any securities junior to
the Series L Preferred Stock, and if the assets of the Company are insufficient to pay in full such amounts, then the entire assets to
be distributed to the holders will be ratably distributed among the holders in accordance with the respective amounts that would be payable
on such shares if all amounts payable thereon were paid in full.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Warrants</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>2023
and 2024 Warrants </I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Common
warrants for the purchase of up to 740,000 shares of Common Stock (the &ldquo;2024 Common Warrants&rdquo;) were issued pursuant to a
securities purchase agreement between us and certain institutional investors, dated as of May 21, 2024 (the &ldquo;2024 Purchase Agreement&rdquo;)
in registered form and entitle the registered holder to purchase one share of our Common Stock at a price equal to $4.35 per share, subject
to adjustment as discussed below, terminating at 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the fifth anniversary of the date of issuance. Also
pursuant to the 2024 Purchase Agreement, we had an additional number of outstanding placement agent warrants for the purchase of up to
88,800 shares of Common Stock at an exercise price of $5.4375. (the &ldquo;2024 Placement Agent Warrants,&rdquo; and together with the
2024 Common Warrants, the &ldquo;2024 Warrants&rdquo;).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Common
warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 216,667 shares of Common Stock (the &ldquo;2023 Common Warrants&rdquo;), pre-funded warrants
to purchase up to 96,667 shares of Common Stock (the &ldquo;2023 Pre-Funded Warrants&rdquo;), and placement agent warrants to purchase
up to 13,000 of Common Stock (the &ldquo;2023 Placement Agents Warrants,&rdquo; and together with the 2023 Common Warrants and 2023 Pre-Funded
Warrants, the &ldquo;2023 Warrants&rdquo;) were issued pursuant to a purchase agreement dated December 30, 2022. The 2023 Common Warrants
have an exercise price equal to $30.00 per share, are exercisable commencing six months following issuance, and have a term of exercise
equal to five years following the initial issuance date. The 2023 Pre-Funded Warrants had an exercise price of $0.003 per share, are
immediately exercisable and could be exercised at any time after their original issuance until such 2023 Pre-Funded Warrants were exercised
in full. The 2023 Placement Agents Warrants have an exercise price equal to $37.50 per share, are exercisable commencing six months following
issuance, and have a term of exercise equal to five years following the initial issuance date. The 2023 Shares and 2023 Common Warrants
were sold at an offering price of $30.00 per share and accompanying the 2023 Common Warrant and the 2023 Pre-Funded Warrants and the
2023 Common Warrants were sold at an offering price of $29.997 per 2023 Pre-Funded Warrant and accompanying 2023 Common Warrant.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Holders
of 2023 Warrants and 2024 Warrants (together, the &ldquo;2023 and 2024 Warrants&rdquo;) may exercise such warrants on a &ldquo;cashless&rdquo;
basis if an effective registration statement is not available with respect to the offering of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of
such Warrant. In such event, the holder may elect instead to receive upon such exercise (either in whole or in part) the net number of
shares of Common Stock determined according to a formula set forth in the 2023 and 2024 Warrants. The exercise price and number of shares
of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the 2023 and 2024 Warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances, including in the event
of a stock dividend, extraordinary dividend on or recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. The 2023 and 2024 Warrants
may be exercised by delivery of a notice of exercise and the aggregate exercise price (assuming no cashless exercise has been elected
if an effective registration statement is not available with respect to the offering of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of such
2023 and 2024 Warrant) to us as specified in such 2023 and 2024 Warrants. Holders of 2023 and 2024 Warrants do not have the rights or
privileges of holders of Common Stock and any voting rights until they exercise their warrants and receive shares of Common Stock. After
the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the 2023 and 2024 Warrants, each holder will be entitled to one vote for each
share held of record on all matters to be voted on by stockholders.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>&nbsp;</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Common
Stock and Vesting Warrants </I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the Securities Purchase Agreement, the Investors were issued (i) Common Stock Warrants, to initially purchase up to an aggregate 3,235,978
shares of Common Stock equal to 100% of the shares of Common Stock issuable upon conversion of the shares of the Series L Preferred Shares
issued to each such Investor and (ii) Vesting Warrant (the exercisability of which shall vest ratably from time to time in proportion
to the Investor&rsquo;s (or its permitted assigns&rsquo;) exercise of such Investor&rsquo;s Greenshoe Rights pursuant to Section 2.4
of the Securities Purchase Agreement), to initially purchase up to an aggregate 11,756,406 shares of Common Stock equal to the number
of Greenshoe Conversion Shares (as defined in the Securities Purchase Agreement) applicable to each such Investor, in accordance with
the Securities Purchase Agreement. The Common Stock Warrants had an initial exercise price of $2.043 per share, and are exercisable immediately
upon issuance and have a term of exercise equal to five years. With respect to the Vesting Warrants, the exercisability shall vest ratably
from time to time in proportion to each Investor&rsquo;s (or its permitted assigns&rsquo;) exercise of Greenshoe Rights, each to purchase
a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the number of Greenshoe Conversion Shares. The Vesting Warrants had an initial exercise price
of $2.043 per share, and are exercisable subject to certain vesting limitations, and have a term of exercise equal to five years from
the date that the applicable warrant shares vest.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Holders
of the Warrants may exercise such warrants on a &ldquo;cashless&rdquo; basis if an effective registration statement is not available
with respect to the offering of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of such Warrant. In such event, the holder may elect instead to
receive upon such exercise (either in whole or in part) the net number of shares of Common Stock determined according to a formula set
forth in the Warrants. The exercise price and number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants may be adjusted
in certain circumstances. As of the date of this prospectus, the exercise price of the Warrants is equal to $0.5319, and the number of
shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Common Stock Warrants and Vesting Warrants is equal to 12,097,242 and 45,155,734,
respectively, pursuant to the full-ratchet price and anti-dilution protections set forth in the Warrants.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Warrants may be exercised by delivery of a notice of exercise and the aggregate exercise price (assuming no cashless exercise has been
elected if an effective registration statement is not available with respect to the offering of shares of Common Stock upon exercise
of such Warrant) to us as specified in such Warrants. Holders of the Warrants do not have the rights or privileges of holders of Common
Stock and any voting rights until they exercise their Warrants and receive shares of Common Stock. After the issuance of shares of Common
Stock upon exercise of the Warrants, each holder will be entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters to be voted
on by stockholders.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Pre-Funded
Warrants </I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
connection with the execution of the Advisory Agreement, the Company issued to PDPC the Pre-Funded Warrants to purchase 150,000 shares
of Common Stock as consideration for the performance of certain advisory services. The aggregate exercise price of the Pre-Funded Warrants,
except for a nominal exercise price of $0.001 per Warrant Share, were pre-funded to the Company on June 30, 2025.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">PDPC
may exercise such warrants on a &ldquo;cashless&rdquo; basis, in which PDPC may elect instead to receive upon such exercise (either in
whole or in part) the net number of shares of Common Stock determined according to a formula set forth in the Pre-Funded Warrants. The
exercise price and number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances.
The Pre-Funded Warrants may be exercised by delivery of a notice of exercise and the aggregate exercise price (assuming no cashless exercise
has been elected) to us as specified in such Pre-Funded Warrants. The Pre-Funded Warrants do not entitle PDPC to the rights or privileges
of holders of Common Stock and any voting rights until PDPC exercises its Pre-Funded Warrants and receive shares of Common Stock. After
the issuance of shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Pre-Funded Warrants, PDPC will be entitled to one vote for each share held
of record on all matters to be voted on by stockholders.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Anti-Takeover
Provisions Under Our Charter and Bylaws and Delaware Law</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certain
provisions of Delaware law, our Charter and our Bylaws contain provisions that could have the effect of delaying, deferring or discouraging
another party from acquiring control of us. These provisions, which are summarized below, may have the effect of discouraging coercive
takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids. These provisions are also designed, in part, to encourage persons seeking to acquire
control of us to first negotiate with our Board. We believe that the benefits of increased protection of our potential ability to negotiate
with an unfriendly or unsolicited acquirer outweigh the disadvantages of discouraging a proposal to acquire us because negotiation of
these proposals could result in an improvement of their terms.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></FONT></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Charter</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Undesignated
Preferred Stock</I>. Our Board has the ability to issue Preferred Stock with voting or other rights or preferences that could impede
the success of any attempt to change control of us. These and other provisions may have the effect of deferring hostile takeovers or
delaying changes in control or management of our Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Special
Meetings of Stockholders</I>. Our bylaws provide that special meetings of our stockholders may be called only by our Chairman, President
or a majority of the entire Board, thus prohibiting a stockholder from calling a special meeting. This provision might delay the ability
of our stockholders to force consideration of a proposal or for stockholders controlling a majority of our capital stock to take any
action, including the removal of directors.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Board
Vacancies Filled Only by Majority of Directors</I>. Vacancies and newly created seats on our Board may be filled only by a majority of
the directors then in office. Only our Board may determine the number of directors on our board. The inability of stockholders to determine
the number of directors or to fill vacancies or newly created seats on our Board makes it more difficult to change the composition of
our Board, but these provisions promote a continuity of existing management.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>No
Cumulative Voting</I>. The Delaware General Corporate Law (&ldquo;DGCL&rdquo;) provides that stockholders are not entitled to the right
to cumulate votes in the election of directors unless our Charter provides otherwise. Our Charter and Bylaws do not expressly provide
for cumulative voting.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Directors
Removed Only by Special Meeting of Stockholders</I>. A director can be removed only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes
of the issued and outstanding stock entitled to vote for the election of directors of the corporation given at a special meeting of the
stockholders called and held for this purpose.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>Amendment
of Charter Provisions</I>. In order to amend certain of the above provisions in our Charter and our Bylaws, the Board is expressly authorized
to adopt, alter or repeal the bylaws, subject to the rights of the stockholders entitled to vote. Stockholders can vote at any stockholder
meeting and repeal, alter, or amend the bylaws by the affirmative vote of a majority of the stockholders entitled to vote in such meeting.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Delaware
Anti-takeover Statute</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
are subject to Section 203 of the DGCL. In general, Section 203 prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a &ldquo;business
combination&rdquo; with an &ldquo;interested stockholder&rdquo; for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which
the person became an interest stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. A &ldquo;business combination&rdquo;
includes mergers, asset sales and other transactions in which the interested stockholder receives or could receive a financial benefit
on other than a <I>pro rata</I> basis with other stockholders. An &ldquo;interested stockholder&rdquo; is a person who, together with
affiliates and associates, owns, or within three years did own, 15% or more of the corporation&rsquo;s outstanding voting stock. This
provision has an anti-takeover effect with respect to transactions not approved in advance by our Board, including discouraging takeover
attempts that might result in a premium over the market price for the shares of our market price. With approval of our stockholders,
we could amend our Charter in the future to avoid the restrictions imposed by this anti-takeover law.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
provisions of Delaware law and our Charter could have the effect of discouraging others from attempting hostile takeovers and, as a consequence,
they may also inhibit temporary fluctuations in the market price of our Common Stock that often result from actual or rumored hostile
takeover attempts. These provisions may also have the effect of preventing changes in our management. It is possible that these provisions
could make it more difficult to accomplish transactions that stockholders may otherwise deem to be in their best interests.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Transfer
Agent and Registrar</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
transfer agent and registrar for our capital stock is Computershare. The transfer agent&rsquo;s address is 8742 Lucent Blvd., Suite 225,
Highland Ranch, CO 80129, and its telephone number is (303) 262-0600.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Existing
Trading Markets</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
Common Stock is listed on Nasdaq under the trading symbol &ldquo;GTBP.&rdquo; The closing sale price of our Common Stock on Nasdaq on
October 23, 2025, was $0.73 per share.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Listing
on the Nasdaq Capital Market</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
Common Stock is listed on Nasdaq under the symbol &ldquo;GTBP.&rdquo;</FONT></P>




<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="sd_001"></A>SELLING
STOCKHOLDERS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Common Stock being offered by the Selling Stockholders are those previously issued to the Selling Stockholders, and those issuable to
the Selling Stockholders, upon conversion of shares of preferred stock and exercise of the warrants. For additional information regarding
the issuances of those shares of preferred stock and warrants, see &ldquo;<I>Private Placement of Shares of Preferred Stock and Warrants</I>&rdquo;
above. We are registering the shares of Common Stock in order to permit the Selling Stockholders to offer the shares for resale from
time to time. Except for the ownership of the shares of capital stock and warrants, the Selling Stockholders have not had any material
relationship with us within the past three years.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
table below lists the Selling Stockholders and other information regarding the beneficial ownership of the shares of Common Stock by
each of the Selling Stockholders. The second column lists the number of shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by each selling shareholder,
based on its ownership of the shares of capital stock and warrants, as of October 23, 2025, assuming conversion of the shares of preferred
stock and exercise of the warrants held by the Selling Stockholders on that date, without regard to any limitations on conversion or
exercise.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
third column lists the shares of Common Stock being offered by this prospectus by the Selling Stockholders.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
accordance with the terms of a registration rights agreement with the Selling Stockholders, this prospectus generally covers the resale
of the sum of (i) the number of shares of Common Stock underlying the shares of preferred stock issued to the Selling Stockholders in
the &ldquo;Private Placement of Shares of Preferred Stock and Warrants&rdquo; described above, determined as if the outstanding shares
of preferred stock were converted in full, and (ii) the maximum number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the related
warrants, determined as if the outstanding warrants were exercised in full, each determined as of the trading day immediately preceding
the applicable date of determination and all subject to adjustment as provided in the registration right agreement, without regard to
any limitations on the conversion of the shares of preferred stock or exercise of the warrants. The fourth column assumes the sale of
all of the shares offered by the Selling Stockholders pursuant to this prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
the terms of the shares of preferred stock and the warrants, a selling shareholder may not convert or exercise any such security, as
applicable, to the extent such conversion or exercise would cause such selling shareholder, together with its affiliates and attribution
parties, to beneficially own a number of shares of Common Stock which would exceed 4.99% or 9.99%, as applicable, of our then outstanding
Common Stock following such conversion or exercise, excluding for purposes of such determination shares of Common Stock issuable upon
conversion of such shares of preferred stock which have not been converted, and exercise of such warrants which have not been exercised.
The number of shares in the second and fourth columns do not reflect this limitation. The Selling Stockholders may sell all, some or
none of their shares in this offering. See &ldquo;<I>Plan of Distribution</I>.&rdquo;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid">Name of Selling<BR>
 Stockholder</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Number
                                            of shares of<BR>
 Common Stock Owned<BR>
 Prior to Offering<SUP>(1)</SUP></B></P></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Maximum Number of
    shares of Common Stock to be Sold Pursuant to </TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="6" STYLE="font-weight: bold; text-align: center; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><B>Number
                                            of shares of<BR>
 Common Stock Owned<BR>
 After Offering<SUP>(2)</SUP></B></P></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Number</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Percent</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="white-space: nowrap; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><B>this Prospectus</B></TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Number</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">Percent</TD><TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="width: 35%; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Bristol Investment Fund Ltd. <SUP>(3)(4)</SUP></FONT></TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,062,550</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">9.99</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">3,331,595</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">1,062,550</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 2%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="width: 9%; text-align: right">9.99</TD><TD STYLE="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Five Narrow Lane, L.P.<SUP>(3)(5)</SUP></FONT></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,062,550</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">9.99</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">5,628,976</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,062,550</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">9.99</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The Hewlett Fund LP<SUP>(6)</SUP></FONT></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,062,550</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">9.99</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">489,476</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,062,550</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">9.99</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Boothbay Absolute Return Strategies, LP<SUP>(7)</SUP></FONT></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">530,743</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">4.99</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">611,845</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">530,743</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">4.99</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Kingsbrook Opportunities Master Fund LP<SUP>(8)</SUP></FONT></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">530,473</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">4.99</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">611,845</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">530,743</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">4.99</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Intracoastal Capital LLC<SUP>(9)</SUP></FONT></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,062,550</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">9.99</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">2,447,381</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,062,550</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">9.99</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rainforest Partners LLC<SUP>(10)</SUP></FONT></TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">530,743</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">4.99</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">1,468,428</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">530,743</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: right">4.99</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: left">%</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
                                            amount of shares of Common Stock that each Selling Stockholder could acquire within 60 days
                                            of October 23, 2025, in connection with the Private Placement, including by (i) converting
                                            Preferred Shares, (ii) exercising the Warrants, and/or (iii) exercising the Pre-Funded Warrants,
                                            is subject to such Selling Stockholder&rsquo;s contractually stipulated 4.99% or 9.99% blocker,
                                            as applicable.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Assumes
                                            the sale of all shares of our Common Stock being offered for resale pursuant to this prospectus.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
                                            accordance with Rule 13d-3(d) under the Exchange Act, we have excluded from the number of
                                            shares of Common Stock beneficially owned prior to the offering all of the shares that the
                                            Investor may be required to purchase under the common shares purchase agreement, dated May
                                            14, 2025 (as amended, the &ldquo;Common Shares Purchase Agreement&rdquo;), by and among the
                                            Company and Five Narrow Lane, L.P. and Bristol Capital, LLC (&ldquo;Bristol&rdquo;). Bristol
                                            Capital, LLC subsequently assigned all of its right, title, interest and obligations in the
                                            Common Shares Purchase Agreement to its affiliate, Hailstone Peak Funding, LLC. The issuance
                                            of such shares is solely at our discretion and is subject to conditions contained in the
                                            Common Shares Purchase Agreement, the satisfaction of which are entirely outside of the Investors&rsquo;
                                            control. Furthermore, the VWAP Purchases (as defined in the Common Shares Purchase Agreement)
                                            of our Common Stock under the Common Shares Purchase Agreement are subject to certain agreed
                                            upon maximum amount limitations set forth in the Common Shares Purchase Agreement, including
                                            the contractually stipulated 4.99% or 9.99% blocker, as applicable.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(4)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
                                            address for Bristol Investment Fund, Ltd. (&ldquo;BIF&rdquo;) is Citco Trustees (Cayman)
                                            Limited, 89 Nexus Way, Camana Bay, PO Box 311063, Grand Cayman KY1-1205, Cayman Islands.
                                            Paul Kessler, as manager of Bristol Capital Advisors, LLC, the investment advisor to BIF,
                                            has voting and investment control over the securities held by BIF. Mr. Kessler, as manager
                                            of Bristol and Hailstone and CEO of PDPC, has voting and investment control over the securities
                                            held by Bristol, Hailstone and PDPC. Mr. Kessler disclaims beneficial ownership of these
                                            securities except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein. Shares beneficially owned
                                            consists of (i) 200,984 shares of Common Stock by BIF, and (ii) 861,566 shares of Common
                                            Stock issuable upon the conversion of the Preferred Shares and/or exercise of the Common
                                            Stock Warrants or Vesting Warrants held by BIF or Pre-Funded Warrants held
                                            by PDPC within 60 days of October 23, 2025. The shares beneficially owned reflects
                                            the application of a contractually stipulated 9.99% blocker provision.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(5)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
                                            address for Five Narrow Lane, L.P. is 510 Madison Avenue, Suite 1400, New York, New York
                                            10022. Each of Arie Rabinowitz and Joseph Hammer may be deemed to have investment discretion
                                            and voting power over the shares held by Five Narrow Lane, L.P. Each of Messrs. Rabinowitz
                                            and Hammer disclaims any beneficial ownership of these shares except to the extent of his
                                            pecuniary interest therein. Shares beneficially owned consists of (i) 24,799 shares of Common
                                            Stock, and (ii) 1,037,751 shares of Common Stock issuable upon the conversion of the Preferred
                                            Shares and/or exercise of the Common Stock Warrants or Vesting Warrants held by Five Narrow
                                            Lane LP within 60 days of October 23, 2025. The shares beneficially owned reflects the application
                                            of a contractually stipulated 9.99% blocker provision.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(6)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
                                            address for The Hewlett Fund LP is 100 Merrick Road, Suite 400W, Rockville Centre, New York
                                            11570. Martin Chopp has voting and investment control over the securities held by The Hewlett
                                            Fund LP. Shares beneficially owned consists of 1,062,550 shares of Common Stock issuable
                                            upon the conversion of the Preferred Shares and/or exercise of the Common Stock Warrants
                                            or Vesting Warrants held by The Hewlett Fund LP within 60 days of October 23, 2025. The shares
                                            beneficially owned reflects the application of a contractually stipulated 9.99% blocker provision.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(7)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
                                            address for Boothbay Absolute Return Strategies, LP (&ldquo;BBARS&rdquo;) is c/o Kingsbrook
                                            Partners LP (&ldquo;Kingsbrook Partners&rdquo;), 689 Fifth Avenue, 12<SUP>th </SUP>Floor,
                                            New York, New York 10022. BBARS is managed by Boothbay Fund Management, LLC, a Delaware limited
                                            liability company (&ldquo;Boothbay&rdquo;). Boothbay, in its capacity as the investment manager
                                            of BBARS, has delegated power to vote and the power to direct the disposition of all of these
                                            securities held by the BBARS to Kingsbrook Partners. Ari Glass is the Managing Member of
                                            Boothbay. Each of BBARS, Boothbay and Mr. Glass disclaim beneficial ownership of these securities,
                                            except to the extent of any pecuniary interest therein. Shares beneficially owned consists
                                            of 530,743 shares of Common Stock issuable upon the conversion of the Preferred Shares and/or
                                            exercise of the Common Stock Warrants or Vesting Warrants held by BBARS within 60 days of
                                            October 23, 2025. The shares beneficially owned reflects the application of a contractually
                                            stipulated 4.99% blocker provision.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(8)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
                                            address for Kingsbrook Opportunities Master Fund LP (&ldquo;Kingsbrook Opportunities&rdquo;)
                                            is c/o Kingsbrook Partners, 689 Fifth Avenue, 12<SUP>th</SUP> Floor, New York, New York 10022.
                                            Kingsbrook Partners is the investment manager of Kingsbrook Opportunities and consequently
                                            has voting control and investment discretion over securities held by Kingsbrook Opportunities.
                                            Kingsbrook Opportunities GP LLC (&ldquo;Opportunities GP&rdquo;) is the general partner of
                                            Kingsbrook Opportunities and may be considered the beneficial owner of any securities deemed
                                            to be beneficially owned by Kingsbrook Opportunities. KB GP LLC (&ldquo;GP LLC&rdquo;) is
                                            the general partner of Kingsbrook Partners and may be considered the beneficial owner of
                                            any securities deemed to be beneficially owned by Kingsbrook Partners. Ari J. Storch, Adam
                                            J. Chill and Scott M. Wallace are the sole managing members of Opportunities GP and GP LLC
                                            and as a result may be considered beneficial owners of any securities deemed beneficially
                                            owned by Opportunities GP and GP LLC. Each of Kingsbrook Partners, Opportunities GP, GP LLC
                                            and Messrs. Storch, Chill and Wallace disclaim beneficial ownership of these securities.
                                            Shares beneficially owned consists of 530,743 shares of Common Stock issuable upon the conversion
                                            of the Preferred Shares and/or exercise of the Common Stock Warrants or Vesting Warrants
                                            held by Kingsbrook Opportunities Master Fund LP within 60 days of October 23, 2025. The shares
                                            beneficially owned reflects the application of a contractually stipulated 4.99% blocker provision.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(9)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
                                            address for Intracoastal Capital LLC (&ldquo;Intracoastal&rdquo;) is 245 Palm Trail, Delray
                                            Beach, Florida 33843. Mitchell P. Kopin (&ldquo;Mr. Kopin&rdquo;) and Daniel B. Asher (&ldquo;Mr.
                                            Asher&rdquo;), each of whom are managers of Intracoastal, have shared voting control and
                                            investment discretion over the securities reported herein that are held by Intracoastal.
                                            As a result, each of Mr. Kopin and Mr. Asher may be deemed to have beneficial ownership (as
                                            determined under Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act) of the securities reported herein that
                                            are held by Intracoastal. Shares beneficially owned consists of 1,062,550 shares of Common
                                            Stock issuable upon the conversion of the Preferred Shares and/or exercise of the Common
                                            Stock Warrants or Vesting Warrants held by Intracoastal Capital LLC within 60 days of October
                                            23, 2025. The shares beneficially owned reflects the application of a contractually stipulated
                                            9.99% blocker provision.</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(10)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
                                            address for Rainforest Partners LLC is 850 East 26<SUP>th</SUP> Street, Brooklyn, New York
                                            11210. Mark Weinberger is the managing member of Rainforest Partners LLC, and has sole voting
                                            and investment power over the securities held by Rainforest Partners LLC. Shares beneficially
                                            owned consists of 530,743 shares of Common Stock issuable upon the conversion of the Preferred
                                            Shares and/or exercise of the Common Stock Warrants or Vesting Warrants held by Rainforest
                                            Partners LLC within 60 days of October 23, 2025. The shares beneficially owned reflects the
                                            application of a contractually stipulated 4.99% blocker provision.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="sd_002"></A>MATERIAL
TAX CONSIDERATIONS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.8pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following is a discussion of material U.S. federal income tax consequences generally applicable to the acquisition, ownership, and disposition
of Common Stock issued pursuant to this offering. This discussion does not address tax consequences other than those pertaining to U.S.
federal income taxation. For example, this discussion does not address any consequences relating to estate or gift taxation, the alternative
minimum tax, or the Medicare tax on investment income. Nor does this discussion address any aspects of U.S. state or local or non-U.S.
taxation. This discussion applies only to holders that hold our Common Stock as &ldquo;capital assets&rdquo; within the meaning of Section
1221 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the &ldquo;Code&rdquo;). This discussion does not address all aspects of
U.S. federal income taxation that may be relevant to holders in light of their particular circumstances or status, including:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">financial
                                            institutions or financial services entities;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">broker-dealers;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">S
                                            corporations;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">partnerships
                                            (including entities or arrangements treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes);</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">taxpayers
                                            that are subject to the mark-to-market accounting rules;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">tax-exempt
                                            entities;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">governments
                                            or agencies or instrumentalities thereof;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">insurance
                                            companies;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">regulated
                                            investment companies or real estate investment trusts;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">expatriates
                                            or former long-term residents or citizens of the United States;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">persons
                                            for whom our Common Stock or pre-funded warrants constitute &ldquo;qualified small business
                                            stock&rdquo; within the meaning of Section 1202 of the Code;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">persons
                                            that hold our securities as part of a straddle, constructive sale, hedging, conversion or
                                            other integrated or similar transaction;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">persons
                                            subject to the alternative minimum tax;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S.
                                            persons whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">controlled
                                            foreign corporations;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">accrual
                                            method taxpayers that file applicable financial statements as described in Section 451(b)
                                            of the Code; or</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">passive
                                            foreign investment companies.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
a partnership (or any entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds Common Stock, common
warrants, or pre-funded warrants, the tax treatment of such partnership and a person treated as a partner of such partnership will generally
depend on the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. Partnerships holding any Common Stock, common warrants, or
pre-funded warrants, and persons that are treated as partners of such partnerships, should consult their tax advisors.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
discussion is based on the Code, Treasury Regulations promulgated under the Code, and judicial and administrative interpretations thereof,
all as of the date hereof. U.S. tax law is subject to change, which change could apply retroactively and could affect the tax considerations
described herein. We have not and do not intend to seek any ruling from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (the &ldquo;IRS&rdquo;) regarding
any U.S. federal income tax considerations described herein. There can be no assurance that the IRS will not take positions inconsistent
with the considerations discussed below or that any such positions would not be sustained by a court.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">EACH
PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR SHOULD CONSULT ITS TAX ADVISOR WITH RESPECT TO THE PARTICULAR TAX CONSEQUENCES TO SUCH PROSPECTIVE INVESTOR OF THE
ACQUISITION, OWNERSHIP, AND DISPOSITION OF COMMON STOCK, INCLUDING THE EFFECTS OF U.S. FEDERAL, STATE AND LOCAL, AND NON-U.S. TAX LAWS.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>U.S.
HOLDERS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
used herein, a &ldquo;U.S. Holder&rdquo; is a beneficial owner of our Common Stock that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">an
                                            individual citizen or resident of the United States,</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a
                                            corporation (or other entity that is treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax
                                            purposes) that is created or organized (or treated as created or organized) in or under the
                                            laws of the United States or any state thereof or the District of Columbia,</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">an
                                            estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source, or</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a
                                            trust if (1) a U.S. court can exercise primary supervision over the administration of such
                                            trust and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all substantial decisions
                                            of the trust or (2) it has a valid election in place to be treated as a U.S. person.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Distributions
on Our Common Stock</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
currently anticipate that we will retain future earnings for the development, operation and expansion of our business and do not anticipate
declaring or paying any cash dividends for the foreseeable future. If we do make distributions with respect to our Common Stock, a U.S.
Holder generally should be required to include in gross income as a dividend the amount of any cash distribution or the fair market value
of any other property distributed with respect to shares of our Common Stock, to the extent the distribution is paid out of our current
or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles. Amounts treated as a dividend that we pay
to a U.S. Holder that is a taxable corporation may qualify for a dividends received deduction, provided certain holding period and other
requirements are satisfied. Amounts treated as a dividend that we pay to a non-corporate U.S. Holder may be taxed as &ldquo;qualified
dividend income&rdquo; at preferential tax rates accorded to long-term capital gains, subject to certain exceptions and provided certain
holding period and other requirements are satisfied. Distributions in excess of current and accumulated earnings and profits should generally
constitute a return of capital that is applied against and that reduces (not below zero) the U.S. Holder&rsquo;s adjusted tax basis in
its shares of our Common Stock. Any remaining excess should generally be treated as gain realized on the sale or other disposition of
our Common Stock and should generally be treated as described below under &ldquo;&mdash;<I>U.S. Holders&mdash;Sale, Exchange, or Other
Taxable Disposition of our Common Stock</I>.&rdquo;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Sale,
Exchange, or Other Taxable Disposition of our Common Stock</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon
a sale, exchange, or other taxable disposition of our Common Stock, a U.S. Holder generally should recognize capital gain or loss equal
to the difference between the amount realized on such sale, exchange, or other taxable disposition and the U.S. Holder&rsquo;s adjusted
tax basis in the applicable shares of our Common Stock. Any such capital gain or loss generally should be long-term capital gain or loss
if the U.S. Holder&rsquo;s holding period for the shares our Common Stock so disposed of exceeds one year. Long-term capital gains recognized
by non-corporate U.S. Holders may be eligible to be taxed at reduced rates. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Information
Reporting and Backup Withholding</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S.
backup withholding and information reporting requirements may apply to distributions on our Common Stock, and the receipt of proceeds
from the sale, exchange, or other disposition of our Common Stock. Backup withholding generally should not apply, however, to a U.S.
Holder who furnishes a correct taxpayer identification number and makes other required certifications, or who is otherwise exempt from
backup withholding and establishes such exempt status. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Amounts withheld as backup withholding
may be credited against a U.S. Holder&rsquo;s U.S. federal income tax liability, and a U.S. Holder generally may obtain a refund of any
excess amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules by timely filing the appropriate claim for refund with the IRS and furnishing
any required information.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>NON-U.S.
HOLDERS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
used herein, a &ldquo;non-U.S. Holder&rdquo; is a beneficial owner of our Common Stock that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is
or is treated as an individual, corporation, estate or trust that is not a U.S. Holder.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Distributions
on our Common Stock</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
currently anticipate that we will retain future earnings for the development, operation and expansion of our business and do not anticipate
declaring or paying any cash dividends for the foreseeable future. If we do make distributions with respect to our Common Stock, any
such distribution made to a non-U.S. Holder with respect to our Common Stock should generally constitute a dividend for U.S. federal
income tax purposes to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income
tax principles. Provided that any such dividend is not effectively connected with such non-U.S. Holder&rsquo;s conduct of a trade or
business within the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, attributable to a U.S. permanent establishment
or fixed base maintained by such non-U.S. Holder), and s<FONT STYLE="background-color: white">ubject to the discussion below regarding
backup withholding and FATCA (defined below), </FONT>such dividend should generally be subject to withholding tax from the gross amount
of the dividend at a rate of 30%, unless such non-U.S. Holder is eligible for a reduced rate of withholding tax under an applicable income
tax treaty and provides proper certification of its eligibility for such reduced rate (usually on an IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E, as
applicable). Any distribution not constituting a dividend should generally be treated first as reducing (not below zero) the non-U.S.
Holder&rsquo;s adjusted tax basis in our Common Stock and then, to the extent such distribution exceeds the non-U.S. Holder&rsquo;s adjusted
tax basis, as gain realized from the sale or other disposition of our Common Stock, which should generally be treated as described below
under &ldquo;<I>&mdash;Non-U.S. Holders&mdash;Sale, Exchange or Other Taxable Disposition of our Common stock</I>.&rdquo;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Dividends
paid by us to a non-U.S. Holder that are effectively connected with such non-U.S. Holder&rsquo;s conduct of a trade or business within
the United States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, attributable to a U.S. permanent establishment or fixed base
maintained by such non-U.S. Holder) should generally not be subject to U.S. withholding tax, provided such non-U.S. Holder complies with
certain certification and disclosure requirements (usually by providing an IRS Form W-8ECI). Instead, such dividends should generally
be subject to U.S. federal income tax, net of certain deductions, at the same graduated individual or corporate rates applicable to U.S.
Holders. If the non-U.S. Holder is a corporation, dividends that are effectively connected income may also be subject to a &ldquo;branch
profits tax&rdquo; at a rate of 30% (or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Sale,
Exchange, or Other Taxable Disposition of our Common Stock</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.5in; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt; background-color: white">Subject
to the discussion below regarding backup withholding and FATCA, a</FONT> <FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">non-U.S.
Holder generally should not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on gain realized from a sale, exchange, or other disposition of our
Common Stock unless:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">such
                                            non-U.S. Holder is an individual who was present in the United States for 183 days or more
                                            in the taxable year of such disposition and certain other requirements are met, in which
                                            case any gain realized will generally be subject to a flat 30% U.S. federal income tax;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(ii)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
                                            gain is effectively connected with a trade or business of such non-U.S. Holder in the United
                                            States (and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty, attributable to a U.S. permanent
                                            establishment or fixed base maintained by such non-U.S. Holder), in which case such gain
                                            will be subject to U.S. federal income tax, net of certain deductions, at the same graduated
                                            individual or corporate rates applicable to U.S. Holders, and any such gain of a non-U.S.
                                            Holder that is a corporation may be subject to an additional &ldquo;branch profits tax&rdquo;
                                            at a rate of 30% (or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty);
                                            or</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(iii)</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">subject
                                            to certain exceptions discussed below, we are or have been a U.S. real property holding corporation
                                            (a &ldquo;USRPHC&rdquo;) at any time during the shorter of the five-year period preceding
                                            such disposition and such non-U.S. Holder&rsquo;s holding period, in which case (a) gain
                                            recognized by such non-U.S. holder on the sale, exchange, or other disposition of our Common
                                            Stock, pre-funded warrants, or common warrants should generally be subject to tax at generally
                                            applicable U.S. federal income tax rates and (b) a buyer of our Common Stock, pre-funded
                                            warrants, or common warrants from such non-U.S. Holder may be required to withhold U.S. federal
                                            income tax at a rate of 15% of the amount realized upon such disposition.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">For
purposes of item (iii) immediately above, we will generally be classified as a USRPHC if the fair market value of our &ldquo;United States
real property interests&rdquo; equals or exceeds 50% of the sum of the fair market value of our worldwide real property interests and
our other assets used or held for use in a trade or business, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Although there can
be no assurance, we believe that we are not currently a USRPHC and we do not anticipating becoming a USRPHC. Even if we are or become
a USRPHC, a non-US Holder should generally not be subject to U.S. federal income tax under the rules discussed in item (iii) with respect
to gain realized on a sale or other disposition of our Common Stock if (A) our Common Stock is considered to be regularly traded on an
established securities market and (B) such non-U.S. Holder has not owned and is not deemed to have owned more than 5% of our Common Stock
at any time during the shorter of the five-year period preceding such disposition and such non-U.S. Holder&rsquo;s holding period. There
can be no assurance that shares of our Common Stock qualify as regularly traded on an established securities market for purposes of these
rules.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Information
Reporting and Backup Withholding</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S.
backup withholding and information reporting requirements may apply to distributions on our Common Stock, constructive distributions
on common warrants, and the receipt of proceeds from the sale or disposition of our Common Stock. A non-U.S. Holder may have to comply
with certification procedures to establish that it is not a U.S. person for U.S. federal income tax purposes, to otherwise establish
an exemption from information reporting and backup withholding requirements, or to claim a reduced rate of withholding under an applicable
income tax treaty. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Amounts withheld as backup withholding may be credited against a non-U.S.
Holder&rsquo;s U.S. federal income tax liability, and a non-U.S. Holder generally may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld
under the backup withholding rules by timely filing the appropriate claim for refund with the IRS and furnishing any required information.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Foreign
Account Tax Compliance Act</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Sections
1471 through 1474 of the Code and the Treasury Regulations and administrative guidance promulgated thereunder (commonly referred as the
&ldquo;Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act&rdquo; or &ldquo;FATCA&rdquo;) generally impose withholding at a rate of 30% in certain circumstances
on dividends in respect of securities (including our Common Stock), and <FONT STYLE="background-color: white">(subject to the proposed
Treasury Regulations discussed below) the gross proceeds derived from the sale or other disposition of our Common Stock,</FONT> which
are held by or through certain foreign financial institutions (including investment funds), unless any such institution (i) enters into,
and complies with, an agreement with the IRS to, among other things, comply with specified due diligence, report, on an annual basis,
information with respect to interests in, and accounts maintained by, the institution that are owned by certain U.S. persons and by certain
non-U.S. entities that are wholly or partially owned by U.S. persons and to withhold on certain payments, or (ii) if allowed under an
intergovernmental agreement between the United States and an applicable foreign country, reports such information to its local tax authority,
which may exchange such information with the U.S. authorities. An intergovernmental agreement between the United States and an applicable
foreign country may modify these requirements. Accordingly, the disclosure of the ownership of the entity through which our securities
(including our Common stock) is held will affect the determination of whether such withholding and reporting is required. <FONT STYLE="background-color: white">Withholding
agents may, however, rely on proposed U.S. Treasury Regulations that would no longer require FATCA withholding on payments of gross proceeds.
A withholding agent, and not GT BIOPHARMA, INC., will determine whether or not to implement gross proceeds FATCA withholding. </FONT>Similarly,
dividends in respect of our Common Stock held by an investor that is a non-financial non-U.S. entity that does not qualify under certain
exceptions will generally be subject to withholding at a rate of 30%, unless such entity either (i) certifies to the applicable withholding
agent that such entity does not have any &ldquo;substantial United States owners&rdquo; or (ii) provides certain information regarding
the entity&rsquo;s &ldquo;substantial United States owners,&rdquo; which may in turn be provided to the U.S. Department of Treasury.
All holders should consult their tax advisors regarding the possible implications of FATCA on their investment in our Common Stock.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="sd_003"></A>PLAN
OF DISTRIBUTION</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Each
Selling Stockholder of the securities and any of their pledgees, assignees and successors-in-interest may, from time to time, sell any
or all of their securities covered hereby on Nasdaq or any other stock exchange, market or trading facility on which the securities are
traded or in private transactions. These sales may be at fixed or negotiated prices. A Selling Stockholder may use any one or more of
the following methods when selling securities:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">ordinary
                                            brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker-dealer solicits purchasers;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">block
                                            trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the securities as agent but may position
                                            and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">purchases
                                            by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its account;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">an
                                            exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">privately
                                            negotiated transactions;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">settlement
                                            of short sales effected after the effective date of the registration statement of which this
                                            prospectus is a part;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">in
                                            transactions through broker-dealers that agree with the Selling Stockholders to sell a specified
                                            number of such securities at a stipulated price per security;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">through
                                            the writing or settlement of options or other hedging transactions, whether through an options
                                            exchange or otherwise;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">a
                                            combination of any such methods of sale; or</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">any
                                            other method permitted pursuant to applicable law.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Selling Stockholders may also sell securities under Rule 144 or any other exemption from registration under the Securities Act, if available,
rather than under this prospectus.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Broker-dealers
engaged by the Selling Stockholders may arrange for other brokers-dealers to participate in sales. Broker-dealers may receive commissions
or discounts from the Selling Stockholders (or, if any broker-dealer acts as agent for the purchaser of securities, from the purchaser)
in amounts to be negotiated, but, except as set forth in a supplement to this Prospectus, in the case of an agency transaction not in
excess of a customary brokerage commission in compliance with FINRA Rule 2121; and in the case of a principal transaction a markup or
markdown in compliance with FINRA Rule 2121.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
connection with the sale of the securities or interests therein, the Selling Stockholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers
or other financial institutions, which may in turn engage in short sales of the securities in the course of hedging the positions they
assume. The Selling Stockholders may also sell securities short and deliver these securities to close out their short positions, or loan
or pledge the securities to broker-dealers that in turn may sell these securities. The Selling Stockholders may also enter into option
or other transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions or create one or more derivative securities which require the
delivery to such broker-dealer or other financial institution of securities offered by this prospectus, which securities such broker-dealer
or other financial institution may resell pursuant to this prospectus (as supplemented or amended to reflect such transaction).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Selling Stockholders and any broker-dealers or agents that are involved in selling the securities may be deemed to be &ldquo;underwriters&rdquo;
within the meaning of the Securities Act in connection with such sales. In such event, any commissions received by such broker-dealers
or agents and any profit on the resale of the securities purchased by them may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts
under the Securities Act. Each Selling Stockholder has informed the Company that it does not have any written or oral agreement or understanding,
directly or indirectly, with any person to distribute the securities.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company is required to pay certain fees and expenses incurred by the Company incident to the registration of the securities. The Company
has agreed to indemnify the Selling Stockholders against certain losses, claims, damages and liabilities, including liabilities under
the Securities Act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
agreed to keep this prospectus effective until the earlier of (i) the date on which the securities may be resold by the Selling Stockholders
without registration and without regard to any volume or manner-of-sale limitations by reason of Rule 144, without the requirement for
the Company to be in compliance with the current public information under Rule 144 under the Securities Act or any other rule of similar
effect or (ii) all of the securities have been sold pursuant to this prospectus or Rule 144 under the Securities Act or any other rule
of similar effect. The resale securities will be sold only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers if required under applicable
state securities laws. In addition, in certain states, the resale securities covered hereby may not be sold unless they have been registered
or qualified for sale in the applicable state or an exemption from the registration or qualification requirement is available and is
complied with.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Under
applicable rules and regulations under the Exchange Act, any person engaged in the distribution of the resale securities may not simultaneously
engage in market making activities with respect to the Common Stock for the applicable restricted period, as defined in Regulation M,
prior to the commencement of the distribution. In addition, the Selling Stockholders will be subject to applicable provisions of the
Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, including Regulation M, which may limit the timing of purchases and sales of the
Common Stock by the Selling Stockholders or any other person. We will make copies of this prospectus available to the Selling Stockholders
and have informed them of the need to deliver a copy of this prospectus to each purchaser at or prior to the time of the sale (including
by compliance with Rule 172 under the Securities Act).</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="sd_004"></A>INCORPORATION
OF CERTAIN INFORMATION BY REFERENCE</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
SEC allows us to &ldquo;incorporate by reference&rdquo; the information we file with it, which means that we can disclose important information
to you by referring you to those documents instead of having to repeat the information in this prospectus. The information incorporated
by reference is considered to be part of this prospectus, and because we are a smaller reporting company, later information that we file
with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this information. We incorporate by reference the documents listed below and any
future filings (including those made after the initial filing of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part and prior
to the effectiveness of such registration statement) we will make with the SEC under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, or 15(d) of the Exchange
Act until the termination of the offering of the shares covered by this prospectus (other than information furnished under Item 2.02
or Item 7.01 of Form 8-K):</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.8pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="width: 100%; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
                                            Annual Report on <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/109657/000149315225007908/form10-k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Form 10-K</A> and <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/109657/000164117225004563/form10-ka.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Form 10-K/A</A> for the year ended December 31, 2024 filed with
                                            the SEC on February 21, 2025 and amended on April 14, 2025;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
                                            Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2025, filed with the SEC on
                                            <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/109657/000164117225010790/form10-q.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">May 15, 2025</A>, June 30, 2025, filed with the SEC on <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/109657/000149315225011971/form10-q.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">August 14, 2025</A>;</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">our
                                            Current Reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/109657/000149315225003707/form8-k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">January 27, 2025</A>, <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/109657/000149315225008387/form8-k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">February 26, 2025</A>, <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/109657/000164117225002750/form8-k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">April 4, 2025</A>, <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/109657/000164117225008682/form8-k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">May 5, 2025</A>, <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/109657/000164117225009854/form8-k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">May 13, 2025</A>, <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/109657/000164117225009941/form8-k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">May 13, 2025</A>, <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/109657/000164117225012481/form8-k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">May 27, 2025</A>, <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/109657/000164117225014700/form8-k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">June 11, 2025</A>, <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/109657/000164117225020847/form8-k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">July 24, 2025</A>,
                                            <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/109657/000149315225012479/form8-k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">August 29, 2025</A>, <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/109657/000149315225014684/form8-k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">September 23, 2025</A>, and <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/109657/000149315225015725/form8-k.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">September 26, 2025</A>; and</FONT></TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
<TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9679;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">the
                                            description of our Common Stock contained in <A HREF="https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/109657/000149315223009812/ex4-3.htm" STYLE="-sec-extract: exhibit">Exhibit 4.3</A> to our Annual Report on Form 10-K
                                            for the year ended December 31, 2024 filed with the SEC on February 21, 2025, including any
                                            amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description.</FONT></TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">All
documents the Company subsequently filed with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, except as to
any portion of any report or documents that is not deemed filed under such provisions, (1) on or after the date of filing of the registration
statement containing this prospectus and prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement and (2) on or after the date of this
prospectus until the earlier of the date on which all of the securities registered hereunder have been sold or the registration statement
of which this prospectus is a part has been withdrawn, shall be deemed incorporated by reference in this prospectus and to be a part
of this prospectus from the date of filing of those documents and will be automatically updated and, to the extent described above, supersede
information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus and previously filed documents that are incorporated by reference
in this prospectus. Any statements contained in a previously filed document incorporated by reference into this prospectus is deemed
to be modified or superseded for purposes of this prospectus to the extent that a statement contained in this prospectus, or in a subsequently
filed document also incorporated by reference herein, modifies or supersedes that statement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Nothing
in this prospectus shall be deemed to incorporate information furnished but not filed with the SEC pursuant to Item 2.02, 7.01 or 9.01
of Form 8-K.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upon
written or oral request, we will provide without charge to each person to whom a copy of the prospectus is delivered a copy of the documents
incorporated by reference herein (other than exhibits to such documents, unless such exhibits are specifically incorporated by reference
herein). You may request a copy of these filings, at no cost, by contacting GT Biopharma, Inc.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
maintain a website at https://ir.gtbiopharma.com. You may access our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current
reports on Form 8-K and other reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act with the SEC free of
charge at our website as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There
have been no material changes to the Company&rsquo;s affairs that have occurred since December 31, 2024 that have not been described
in a Form 10-Q or Form 8-K filed under the Exchange Act.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 29; Value: 18 -->
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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="sd_005"></A>WHERE
YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have filed a registration statement on Form S-1 under the Securities Act with the SEC with respect to this offering. This prospectus
was filed as a part of that registration statement but does not contain all of the information contained in the registration statement
and exhibits. Reference is thus made to the omitted information. Statements made in this prospectus are summaries of the material terms
of contracts, agreements and documents and are not necessarily complete; however, all information we considered material has been disclosed.
Reference is made to each exhibit for a more complete description of the matters involved and these statements are qualified in their
entirety by the reference. You can find, copy and inspect information we file at the SEC&rsquo;s public reference room, which is located
at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, DC 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for more information about the operation of the SEC&rsquo;s
public reference room. The SEC also maintains a web site (http://www.sec.gov) that contains this filed registration statement, reports
and other information regarding us that we have filed electronically with the SEC. For more information pertaining to our company and
this offering, reference is made to the registration statement.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 40.8pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="sd_006"></A>LEGAL
MATTERS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
validity of the securities offered hereby will be passed upon for us by Baker &amp; Hostetler LLP, Los Angeles, California.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20.4pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B><A NAME="sd_007"></A>EXPERTS</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The balance sheets of GT Biopharma, Inc. as of December 31, 2024 and 2023,
and the related statements of operations, stockholders&rsquo; equity (deficit), and cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2024 and
2023, incorporated by reference in this prospectus have been so incorporated in reliance on the report of Weinberg and Company, P.A.,
an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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    <DIV STYLE="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt"><P STYLE="margin: 0pt">&nbsp;</P></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>PRELIMINARY
PROSPECTUS</B></FONT></P>



<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><IMG SRC="form424b3_001.jpg" ALT=""></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>14,589,546
Shares of Common Stock </B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
date of this prospectus is December 2, 2025.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>


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end
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