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Loans Held for Investment
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Receivables [Abstract]  
Loans Held for Investment
Note 4. Loans Held for Investment

Portfolio Summary

The following table provides a summary of the Company’s loan portfolio as of:
December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Fixed Rate
Floating
Rate
(1)(2)(3)
TotalFixed Rate
Floating
Rate
(1)(2)(3)
Total
Number of loans23 31 15 21 
Principal balance$90,990,183 $554,805,276 $645,795,459 $74,880,728 $405,270,423 $480,151,151 
Carrying value$92,274,998 $534,215,769 $626,490,767 $75,520,212 $394,153,102 $469,673,314 
Fair value$90,729,098 $532,416,656 $623,145,754 $75,449,410 $391,752,209 $467,201,619 
Weighted-average coupon rate13.82 %11.23 %11.59 %12.39 %7.01 %7.85 %
Weighted-average remaining
 term (years)
1.351.101.141.931.451.53
_______________
(1)These loans pay a coupon rate of LIBOR or Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”), as applicable, plus a fixed spread. Coupon rate shown was determined using LIBOR of 4.39%, average SOFR of 4.06% and forward-looking term rate based on SOFR (“Term SOFR”) of 4.36% as of December 31, 2022 and LIBOR of 0.10% as of December 31, 2021.
(2)As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, amount included $413.1 million and $163.1 million of senior mortgages used as collateral for $261.0 million and $93.8 million of borrowings under credit facilities, respectively (Note 9).
(3)As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, twenty-one and thirteen of these loans, respectively, are subject to a LIBOR or SOFR floor, as applicable.

Lending Activities

The following tables present the activities of the Company’s loan portfolio:
Loans Held for InvestmentLoans Held for Investment through Participation InterestsTotal
Balance, January 1, 2022$457,329,582 $12,343,732 $469,673,314 
New loans made257,780,401 32,225,275 290,005,676 
Principal repayments received(197,484,239)— (197,484,239)
Loans acquired and contributed in connection with the BDC Merger77,562,529 (2,744,091)74,818,438 
Net amortization of premiums on loans(469,563)(87,449)(557,012)
Accrual, payment and accretion of investment-related fees and other,
   net
1,512,638 335,361 1,847,999 
Provision for loan losses(11,813,409)— (11,813,409)
Balance, December 31, 2022$584,417,939 $42,072,828 $626,490,767 
Loans Held for InvestmentLoans Held for Investment through Participation InterestsTotal
Balance, January 1, 2021$417,986,462 $4,294,053 $422,280,515 
New loans made240,130,367 12,307,366 252,437,733 
Principal repayments received(192,530,456)(4,250,000)(196,780,456)
PIK interest (1)
1,955,109 — 1,955,109 
Net amortization of premiums on loans(61,390)— (61,390)
Accrual, payment and accretion of investment-related fees and other,
   net
1,405,206 (7,687)1,397,519 
Realized loss on loan repayments (2)(3)
(651,553)— (651,553)
Provision for loan losses(10,904,163)— (10,904,163)
Balance, December 31, 2021$457,329,582 $12,343,732 $469,673,314 
_______________
(1)Certain loans in the Company’s portfolio contain PIK interest provisions. The PIK interest represents contractually deferred interest that is added to the principal balance. PIK interest related to obligations under participation agreements amounted $1.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2021.
(2)On September 2, 2021, the Company foreclosed on a hotel property encumbered by a first mortgage and the related subordinated mezzanine loan, both of which were held by the Company, with an aggregate principal balance $14.6 million. On September 23, 2021, the hotel property was sold to a third party for $13.8 million. The net proceeds from the sale, together with a payment under a contractual guarantee of $0.8 million from the borrower, were used to pay off both loans in full. In connection with the loan repayment, the related obligation under participation agreement of $6.4 million was simultaneously satisfied. In connection with the loan repayment, the Company recorded a loss of $0.4 million related to the write-off of the interest accrued but uncollected in the third quarter of 2021, excluding the amount attributable to obligations under participation agreements of $0.1 million.
(3)Amount also included realized loss of $0.3 million related to the TDR transaction described below.

Portfolio Information

    The tables below detail the types of loans in the Company’s loan portfolio, as well as the property type and geographic location of the properties securing these loans as of:

December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Loan StructurePrincipal BalanceCarrying Value% of Total Principal BalanceCarrying Value% of Total
First mortgages$456,408,889 $461,299,182 73.7 %$345,454,454 $348,101,455 74.0 %
Preferred equity investments121,231,434 122,132,177 19.5 %92,252,340 92,400,572 19.7 %
Mezzanine loans39,352,303 39,451,115 6.3 %17,444,357 17,622,804 3.8 %
Credit facility28,802,833 29,080,183 4.6 %25,000,000 25,206,964 5.4 %
Allowance for loan losses— (25,471,890)(4.1)%— (13,658,481)(2.9)%
Total$645,795,459 $626,490,767 100.0 %$480,151,151 $469,673,314 100.0 %
December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Property TypePrincipal BalanceCarrying Value% of Total Principal BalanceCarrying Value% of Total
Office$184,196,708 $184,722,657 29.4 %$221,596,870 $222,426,872 47.3 %
Industrial147,796,164 148,891,742 23.8 %32,000,000 32,206,964 6.9 %
Multifamily104,589,464 105,570,432 16.9 %80,805,787 81,835,756 17.4 %
Mixed-use64,880,450 65,838,965 10.5 %28,940,658 28,977,024 6.2 %
Infill land48,860,291 49,565,437 7.9 %28,960,455 28,923,827 6.2 %
Hotel - full/select service43,222,382 43,758,804 7.0 %56,847,381 57,395,682 12.2 %
Student housing31,000,000 31,774,261 5.1 %31,000,000 31,565,670 6.7 %
Infrastructure21,250,000 21,840,359 3.5 %— — — %
Allowance for loan losses— (25,471,890)(4.1)%— (13,658,481)(2.9)%
Total$645,795,459 $626,490,767 100.0 %$480,151,151 $469,673,314 100.0 %

December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Geographic LocationPrincipal BalanceCarrying Value% of Total Principal BalanceCarrying Value% of Total
United States
California$164,253,345 $165,839,561 26.5 %$234,968,151 $237,015,597 50.4 %
New York91,845,479 91,877,084 14.7 %92,252,340 92,400,572 19.7 %
Georgia72,401,718 73,101,964 11.7 %53,289,288 53,536,884 11.4 %
Texas67,625,000 68,142,046 10.9 %13,625,000 13,725,690 2.9 %
New Jersey62,228,622 62,958,482 10.0 %— — — %
Washington56,671,267 57,027,639 9.1 %3,523,401 3,382,683 0.7 %
Utah49,250,000 50,698,251 8.1 %28,000,000 28,420,056 6.1 %
North Carolina43,520,028 44,041,162 7.0 %44,492,971 44,704,699 9.5 %
Arizona 31,000,000 31,276,468 5.0 %— — — %
Massachusetts7,000,000 7,000,000 1.1 %7,000,000 7,000,000 1.5 %
South Carolina— — — %3,000,000 3,145,614 0.7 %
Allowance for loan losses— (25,471,890)(4.1)%— (13,658,481)(2.9)%
Total$645,795,459 $626,490,767 100.0 %$480,151,151 $469,673,314 100.0 %

Loan Risk Rating

    As described in Note 2, the Manager evaluates the Company’s loan portfolio on a quarterly basis or more frequently as needed. In conjunction with the quarterly review of the Company’s loan portfolio, the Manager assesses the risk factors of each loan, and assigns a risk rating based on a five-point scale with “1” being the lowest risk and “5” being the greatest risk.
 
    The following table allocates the principal balance and the carrying value of the Company’s loans based on the loan risk rating as of:
December 31, 2022December 31, 2021
Loan Risk RatingNumber of LoansPrincipal BalanceCarrying Value% of Total Number of LoansPrincipal BalanceCarrying Value% of Total
1— $— $— — %— $— $— — %
225,000,000 25,041,782 3.8 %25,000,000 25,041,124 5.2 %
325 530,867,244 536,992,660 82.4 %15 349,273,811 352,164,409 72.9 %
4 — — — — %60,012,639 60,012,639 12.4 %
5— — — — %— — — — %
Other (1)
89,928,215 89,928,215 13.8 %45,864,701 46,113,623 9.5 %
31 $645,795,459 651,962,657 100.0 %21 $480,151,151 483,331,795 100.0 %
Allowance for loan losses(25,471,890)(13,658,481)
Total, net of allowance for loan losses$626,490,767 $469,673,314 
_______________
(1)Because these loans have an event of default, they are removed from the pool of loans on which a general allowance is calculated and are evaluated for collectability individually. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the specific allowance for loan losses on these loans were $25.5 million and $12.8 million, respectively, as a result of a decline in the fair value of the respective collateral.

    As of December 31, 2022, the Company did not have any loans with a loan risk rating of “4” or “5”, and did not record any general allowance for loan losses for the year ended December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had four loans deemed impaired and recorded specific allowance for loan losses of $11.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had one loan with a loan risk rating of “4” and no loans with a loan risk rating of “5”, and recorded general allowance for loan losses of $0.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. Additionally, as of December 31, 2021, the Company had three loans deemed impaired and recorded specific allowance for loan losses of $10.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2021.

The following table presents the activity in the Company’s allowance for loan losses:
Years Ended December 31,
20222021
Allowance for loan losses, beginning of year$13,658,481 $3,738,758 
Provision for loan losses11,813,409 10,904,163 
Charge-offs (1)
— (984,440)
Allowance for loan losses, end of year$25,471,890 $13,658,481 
_______________
(1)Amount related to the TDR below.

As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had two loans and one loan that were in default, respectively. Additionally, for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company suspended interest income accrual of $8.5 million and $3.6 million, respectively, on three loans because recovery of such income was doubtful.

Troubled Debt Restructuring

As of December 31, 2022, there was one investment that qualified as troubled debt restructuring. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had a recorded investment in troubled debt restructuring of $13.7 million.

2022 — In December 2022, the borrower of a $40.1 million senior loan experienced financial difficulty and offered to repay the loan for $38.7 million. The remaining $1.4 million was converted to subordinated equity that accrues dividends at 8.0% and the Company is entitled to receive waterfall profit upon a sale. The Company does not anticipate a full recovery of the equity position and does not expect to receive any additional income. As a result, the remaining $1.4 million is reflected as a loan
receivable and it is fully reserved for as of December 31, 2022. The Company classified this loan modification as a TDR as it met all the conditions to be considered a TDR pursuant to ASC 310-40.

The following table summarizes the recorded investment of TDR as of the date of restructuring:

Number of loans modified1
Pre-modified recorded carrying value$40,837,901 
Post-modified recorded carrying value (1)
$1,364,944 
_______________
(1) As of December 31, 2022, the principal balance of this loan was the same as the carrying value. The Company recorded an allowance for loan losses of $1.4 million to fully reserve for the unpaid principal balance. There was no income from this investment from the date of modification on December 28, 2022 through December 31, 2022.

2021 — Due to financial difficulty resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic, a borrower defaulted on interest payments in May 2020 on a $3.5 million mezzanine loan, and the Company subsequently suspended the interest accrual. The Company purchased the senior loan from a third-party lender on September 3, 2021 in order to facilitate a refinancing. Subsequently on September 23, 2021, the senior and mezzanine loans were refinanced and the Company issued a new senior loan with a committed amount of $14.7 million, of which $13.6 million was funded at closing. The concession granted in the refinancing was the forgiveness of principal and accrued interest of $1.3 million on the mezzanine loan, of which $1.0 million was previously recorded as an allowance for loan losses, in addition to $0.4 million of nonaccrual interest. The Company classified the refinancing as a TDR as it met all the conditions to be considered a TDR pursuant to ASC 310-40. This investment was repaid in full in April 2022.

The following table summarizes the recorded investment of TDR as of the date of restructuring:

Number of loans modified1
Pre-modified recorded carrying value$18,503,470 
Post-modified recorded carrying value (1)
$13,625,000 
_______________
(1) As of December 31, 2021, the principal balance of this loan was $13.6 million and the carrying value of this loan, which includes the present value of the exit fee, was $13.7 million. There is no allowance for loan losses recorded for this new senior loan.
Once classified as a TDR, the new senior loan was classified as an impaired loan until it was extinguished and the carrying value was evaluated at each reporting date for collectability based on the fair value of the underlying collateral. Since the fair value of the collateral was greater than the carrying value of the new senior loan, no specific allowance was recorded as of December 31, 2021. For the period from January 1, 2022 through the date of repayment on April 1, 2022, income from the new senior loan was $0.3 million. For the year ended December 31, 2021, interest income from the new senior loan was $0.3 million.