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Segment Reporting Segment Reconciliation (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
 [1]
Sep. 30, 2020
Jun. 30, 2020
 [2]
Mar. 31, 2020
 [3],[4]
Dec. 31, 2019
 [5]
Sep. 30, 2019
 [6],[7]
Jun. 30, 2019
 [8]
Mar. 31, 2019
 [9]
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]                      
Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations After Taxes $ 99 $ (390) $ 766 $ 281 $ (42) $ (527) $ 483 $ (184) $ 756 $ (270) $ (6,775)
Benefit from income taxes on continuing operations                 (81) (46) (31)
Loss from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes                 675 (316) (6,806)
Depreciation and Amortization                   1,599 2,790
Interest income                 56 59 86
Interest Expense                 45 136 337
Net exchange losses [10],[11]                 (174) (99) (127)
Non-operating pension and other post employment benefit credit (cost) [12]                 368 191 275
Goodwill Impairment Charge                 0 0 4,503
Significant items                 388 991 1,346
Pro forma adjustments                   298 2,003
Corporate Expenses                 125 119 141
Segment Operating EBITDA [13]                 2,212 2,106 2,213
Segment Reconciling Items [Member]                      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]                      
Interest income                 (56) (59) (86)
Net exchange losses [14]                 174 66 77
Non-operating pension and other post employment benefit credit (cost)                 (316) (129) (211)
Significant items                 (388) (991) [15] (1,346) [15]
Hedging Program [Member]                      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]                      
Net exchange losses                 89 (58) 94
Hedging Program [Member] | Argentine peso devaluation [Member]                      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]                      
Net exchange losses                 (82) (51) (68)
Hedging Program [Member] | Argentine peso devaluation [Member] | Segment Reconciling Items [Member]                      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]                      
Net exchange losses                   (33)  
Hedging Program [Member] | Tax Reform Foreign Currency Exchange Impact [Member]                      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]                      
Net exchange losses                     (50)
Hedging Program [Member] | Tax Reform Foreign Currency Exchange Impact [Member] | Segment Reconciling Items [Member]                      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]                      
Net exchange losses [15],[16]                     (50)
Operating Segments [Member]                      
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]                      
Depreciation and Amortization                 $ 1,177 $ 1,000 $ 909
[1] Fourth quarter 2020 includes an after-tax benefit of $(182) million related to Swiss Tax Reform. See Note 10 - Income Taxes, to the Consolidated Financial Statements, for additional information.
[2] Second quarter 2020 includes an after-tax benefit of $(29) million due to an elective change in accounting method that alters the 2019 impact of the business separation on the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act's foreign tax provision. See Note 10 - Income Taxes, to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
[3] First quarter 2020 includes a $19 million after tax charge related to the impact of a state tax valuation allowance in the U.S. based on a change in judgment about the realizability of a deferred tax asset. See Note 10 - Income Taxes, to the Consolidated Financial Statements, for additional information.
[4] First quarter 2020 includes a loss of $(53) million recorded in other income - net related to the expected sale of the La Porte site, for which the company signed an agreement during the first quarter 2020.
[5] Fourth quarter 2019 includes a tax benefit of $(34) million related to the impact of the release of a tax valuation allowance recorded against the net deferred tax asset position of a Switzerland legal entity. See Note 10 - Income Taxes, to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
[6] Third quarter 2019 includes a $33 million charge included in other income (expense) - net associated with remeasuring the company’s Argentine Peso net monetary assets, resulting from an unexpected August primary election result in Argentina. 
[7] Third quarter 2019 includes a tax benefit of $(38) million related to Swiss Tax Reform. See Note 10 - Income Taxes, to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
[8] Includes a loss on early extinguishment of debt of $(13) million in the second quarter of 2019 related to the retirement of some of the company's debt. See Note 17 - Long-Term Debt and Available Credit Facilities, to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
[9] First quarter 2019 includes a $(24) million loss recorded in other income (expense) - net related to Historical Dow’s sale of a joint venture related to synergy actions.
[10] Includes a $(50) million foreign exchange loss for the year ended December 31, 2018 related to adjustments to foreign currency exchange contracts as a result of U.S. tax reform, which is included within significant items.
[11] Includes net pre-tax exchange losses of $(82) million, $(51) million and $(68) million associated with the devaluation of the Argentine peso for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
[12] Includes non-service related components of net periodic benefit credits (costs) (interest cost, expected return on plan assets, amortization of unrecognized (gain) loss, amortization of prior service benefit and settlement (loss) gain). 
[13] The years ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are presented on a pro forma basis, prepared in accordance with Article 11 of Regulation S-X that was in effect prior to recent amendments.
[14] Excludes a $(33) million foreign exchange loss for the year ended December 31, 2019 associated with the devaluation of the Argentine peso and a $(50) million foreign exchange loss for the year ended December 31, 2018 related to adjustments to foreign currency exchange contracts as a result of U.S. tax reform, as they are included within significant items. See Note 9 - Supplementary Information, to the Consolidated Financial Statements, for additional information.
[15] The years ended December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 are presented on a pro forma basis, prepared in accordance with Article 11 of Regulation S-X that was in effect prior to recent amendments.
[16] Includes a foreign exchange loss recorded in other income (expense) - net related to adjustments to foreign currency exchange contracts as a result of U.S. tax reform.