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Income Taxes Income Tax Expense (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Components of Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
 
December 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Corporate income taxes payable
$
29

 
$
906

Unrecognized tax benefits
958

 
8,590

Interest accrued
215

 
922

Penalties
287

 
402

Income taxes payable
$
1,489

 
$
10,820


 
December 31,
2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
Current taxes:
 
 
 
 
 
Bermuda
$

 
$

 
$

U.S.
(637
)
 
3,164

 
36

Foreign
1,166

 
1,072

 
839

 
$
529

 
$
4,236

 
$
875

Deferred taxes:
 
 
 
 
 
Bermuda
$

 
$

 
$

U.S.
26,843

 
67,136

 
(94,079
)
Foreign
179

 
(731
)
 
(70
)
 
27,022

 
66,405

 
(94,149
)
Total income taxes
$
27,551

 
$
70,641

 
$
(93,274
)

Schedule of Income before Income Tax, Domestic and Foreign
 
December 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
Bermuda sources
$
241,985

 
$
128,905

 
$
134,849

U.S. sources
135,758

 
288,386

 
125,799

Foreign sources
3,087

 
10,022

 
(396
)
Income (loss) before income taxes
$
380,830

 
$
427,313

 
$
260,252





Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation
The difference between the Bermuda statutory income tax rate and the effective tax rate on the consolidated statements of operations for the periods indicated below were as follows:
 
December 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
Bermuda tax rate
 %
 
%
 
 %
Change in enacted tax act
 %
 
1.02
%
 
(53.55
)%
U.S. income taxed at other than the statutory rate
7.85
 %
 
14.67
%
 
17.10
 %
Effect of uncertain tax positions
0.17
 %
 
0.07
%
 
0.21
 %
Foreign income taxed at other than the statutory rate
0.14
 %
 
0.18
%
 
0.10
 %
Effect of permanent differences
0.12
 %
 
0.28
%
 
0.04
 %
Other discrete items
(1.05
)%
 
0.31
%
 
0.26
 %
Effective income tax rate
7.23
 %
 
16.53
%
 
(35.84
)%

Summary of Unrecognized Tax Benefits
The following table summarizes unrecognized tax benefit amounts as follows (in thousands):
 
December 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Beginning balance at January 1
$
8,590

 
$
8,250

Increase (decrease) related to tax positions
(7,248
)
 
1,652

Lapse of statute of limitations
(333
)
 
(1,367
)
Foreign exchange adjustment
(51
)
 
55

Ending balance at December 31
$
958

 
$
8,590


Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are comprised of the following (in thousands):
 
December 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
Deferred income tax assets:
 
 
 
Net operating loss carryforwards
$
71,138

 
$
60,173

Allowance for losses
141

 
98

Derivative instruments
4,899

 
934

Deferred income
395

 
359

Accrued liabilities and other payables
3,118

 
3,875

Total gross deferred tax assets
79,691

 
65,439

Less: Valuation allowance

 

Net deferred tax assets
$
79,691

 
$
65,439

 
 
 
 
Deferred income tax liabilities:
 
 
 
Accelerated depreciation
$
353,991

 
$
318,779

Goodwill and other intangible amortization
3,775

 
2,981

Derivative instruments
105

 
2,306

Deferred income
11,034

 
19,294

Deferred partnership income (loss)
11,786

 
967

Other
317

 
3,241

Total gross deferred tax liability
381,008

 
347,568

Net deferred income tax liability
$
301,317

 
$
282,129


Summary of Income Tax Interest and Penalties
The following table summarizes interest and penalty expense as follows (in thousands):
 
December 31, 2019
 
December 31, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
Interest expense (benefit)
$
193

 
$
98

 
$
144

Penalty expense (benefit)
$
(115
)
 
$
(158
)
 
$
(64
)