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Table of Contents

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)

☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 29, 2024
OR

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to
Commission File Number 001-41755
WK Kellogg Co

| Delaware |  | 92-1243173 |
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (IRS Employer Identification No.) |

One Kellogg Square, | Battle Creek | Michigan |  | 49016-3599
(Address of principal executive offices) |  | (Zip Code)
| 269-401-3000 |
| (Registrant's telephone number, including area code) |
| N/A |
| (Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report) |

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class | Trading symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $.0001 par value per share | KLG | New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ☐ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | Non-accelerated filer | ☒ | Smaller reporting company | ☐ | Emerging growth company | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes ☐ No ☒
As of August 1, 2024 — 85,901,439 shares of the registrant's common stock were outstanding

Table of Contents
WK KELLOGG CO
INDEX

| Page
PART I — Financial Information |
Item 1: |
Financial Statements |
Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheet — June 29, 2024 and December 30, 2023 | 3
Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Income — quarter and year-to-date periods ended June 29, 2024 and July 1, 2023 | 4
Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income – quarter and year-to-date periods ended June 29, 2024 and July 1, 2023 | 5
Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Equity — quarter and year-to-date periods ended June 29, 2024 and July 1, 2023 | 6
Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows — quarter and year-to-date periods ended June 29, 2024 and July 1, 2023 | 8
Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements | 9
Item 2: |
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 19
Item 3: |
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 26
Item 4: |
Controls and Procedures | 27
PART II — Other Information |
Item 1A: |
Risk Factors | 28
Item 5: |
Other Information | 28
Item 6: |
Exhibits | 29
Signatures | 30

Table of Contents
Part I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. Financial Statements.
WK KELLOGG CO
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET (Unaudited)
(millions, except per share data)

| June 29, 2024 | December 30, 2023
Current assets |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 44 |  | $ | 89 |
Accounts receivable, net | 217 |  | 244 |
Inventories | 360 |  | 345 |
Other current assets | 21 |  | 28 |
Total current assets | 642 |  | 706 |
Property, net | 748 |  | 739 |
Goodwill | 53 |  | 53 |
Other intangibles | 57 |  | 57 |
Postretirement plan assets | 300 |  | 283 |
Other assets | 97 |  | 51 |
Total assets | $ | 1,897 |  | $ | 1,889 |
Current liabilities |  |
Notes payable | $ | 1 |  | $ | 4 |
Current maturities of long-term debt | 12 |  | 8 |
Accounts payable | 538 |  | 541 |
Accrued advertising and promotion | 89 |  | 121 |
Accrued salaries and wages | 35 |  | 57 |
Other current liabilities | 103 |  | 105 |
Total current liabilities | 778 |  | 836 |
Long-term debt | 478 |  | 487 |
Deferred income taxes | 106 |  | 106 |
Pension liability | 126 |  | 135 |
Other liabilities | 73 |  | 25 |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 9) |  |
Equity |  |
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 1,000,000,000 shares authorized Issued: 85,901,439 shares in 2024 and 85,812,883 shares in 2023 | — |  | — |
Capital in excess of par value | 335 |  | 327 |
Retained earnings | 37 |  | 1 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (36) |  | (28) |
Total equity | 336 |  | 300 |
Total liabilities and equity | $ | 1,897 |  | $ | 1,889 |

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
3

Table of Contents
WK KELLOGG CO
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME (Unaudited)
(millions, except per share data)

| Quarter ended |  | Year-to-date period ended
| June 29, 2024 | July 1, 2023 |  | June 29, 2024 | July 1, 2023
Net sales | $ | 672 |  | $ | 700 |  |  | $ | 1,379 |  | $ | 1,420 |
Cost of goods sold | 476 |  | 509 |  |  | 980 |  | 1,048 |
Selling, general and administrative expense | 149 |  | 163 |  |  | 306 |  | 318 |
Operating profit | 47 |  | 28 |  |  | 93 |  | 54 |
Interest expense | 8 |  | — |  |  | 16 |  | — |
Other income (expense), net | 4 |  | 7 |  |  | 10 |  | 15 |
Income before income taxes | 43 |  | 35 |  |  | 87 |  | 69 |
Income taxes | 12 |  | 8 |  |  | 23 |  | 16 |
Net income | $ | 31 |  | $ | 27 |  |  | $ | 64 |  | $ | 53 |
Per share amounts (a): |  |  |  |  |
Basic earnings | $ | 0.37 |  | $ | 0.32 |  |  | $ | 0.75 |  | $ | 0.62 |
Diluted earnings | 0.36 |  | 0.32 |  |  | 0.73 |  | 0.62 |
Average shares outstanding: |  |  |  |  |
Basic | 86 |  | 86 |  |  | 86 |  | 86 |
Diluted | 88 |  | 86 |  |  | 87 |  | 86 |
Actual shares outstanding at period end | 86 |  | 86 |  |  | 86 |  | 86 |

(a)On October 2, 2023, Kellanova, the former parent company of WK Kellogg Co, distributed 85,631,304 shares of WK Kellogg Co common stock to Kellanova's shareowners in connection with its Spin-Off of WK Kellogg Co (the "Spin-Off"). See Note 1 "Accounting Policies" to the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements for more information. Basic and diluted earnings per share were retrospectively recast for the number of shares of WK Kellogg Co common stock outstanding immediately following the Spin-Off for the quarter and year-to-date period ended July 1, 2023.
See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
4

Table of Contents
WK KELLOGG CO
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Unaudited)
(millions)

| Quarter ended |  | Year-to-date period ended
| June 29, 2024 |  | June 29, 2024
| Pre-tax amount | Tax (expense) benefit | After-tax amount |  | Pre-tax amount | Tax (expense) benefit | After-tax amount
Net income | $ | 43 |  | $ | (12) |  | $ | 31 |  |  | $ | 87 |  | $ | (23) |  | $ | 64 |
Other comprehensive income (loss): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments during period | (3) |  | 1 |  | (2) |  |  | (6) |  | 2 |  | (4) |
Postretirement and postemployment benefits: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amount arising during the period: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Prior service cost | (1) |  | — |  | (1) |  |  | (2) |  | — |  | (2) |
Comprehensive income | $ | 39 |  | $ | (11) |  | $ | 28 |  |  | $ | 79 |  | $ | (21) |  | $ | 58 |
| Quarter ended |  | Year-to-date period ended
| July 1, 2023 |  | July 1, 2023
| Pre-tax amount | Tax (expense) benefit | After-tax amount |  | Pre-tax amount | Tax (expense) benefit | After-tax amount
Net income | $ | 35 |  | $ | (8) |  | $ | 27 |  |  | $ | 69 |  | $ | (16) |  | $ | 53 |
Other comprehensive income (loss): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments during period | 2 |  | — |  | 2 |  |  | 4 |  | — |  | 4 |
Comprehensive income | $ | 37 |  | $ | (8) |  | $ | 29 |  |  | $ | 73 |  | $ | (16) |  | $ | 57 |

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
5

Table of Contents
WK KELLOGG CO
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF EQUITY (Unaudited)
(millions)

| Quarter ended June 29, 2024 |
| Common stock | Capital in excess of par value | Retained earnings |  | Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  | Total equity |
(unaudited) | shares | amount |  |  |
Balance, March 30, 2024 | 86 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 329 |  | $ | 20 |  |  |  | $ | (32) |  |  |  | $ | 317 |  |
Net income | — |  | — |  | — |  | 31 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 31 |  |
Dividends declared ($0.16 per share) | — |  | — |  | — |  | (13) |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (13) |  |
Other comprehensive income (loss) | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  |  | (4) |  |  |  | (4) |  |
Stock compensation | — |  | — |  | 5 |  | (1) |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 4 |  |
Share issuance | — |  | — |  | 1 |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1 |  |
Balance, June 29, 2024 | 86 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 335 |  | $ | 37 |  |  |  | $ | (36) |  |  |  | $ | 336 |  |

| Year-to-date period ended June 29, 2024
| Common stock | Capital in excess of par value | Retained earnings |  | Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  | Total equity
(unaudited) | shares | amount |  |
Balance, December 30, 2023 | 86 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 327 |  | $ | 1 |  |  |  | $ | (28) |  |  |  | $ | 300 |
Net income | — |  | — |  | — |  | 64 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 64 |
Dividends declared ($0.32 per share) | — |  | — |  | — |  | (27) |  |  |  |  |  |  | (27) |
Other comprehensive income (loss) | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  |  | (8) |  |  |  | (8) |
Stock compensation |  |  | 6 |  | (1) |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 5 |
Stock issuance | — |  | — |  | 2 |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2 |
Balance, June 29, 2024 | 86 | $ | — |  | $ | 335 |  | $ | 37 |  |  |  | $ | (36) |  |  |  | $ | 336 |

6

Table of Contents
WK KELLOGG CO
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF EQUITY (Unaudited)
(millions)

|  |  | Quarter ended July 1, 2023
|  | Net Kellanova investment | Capital in excess of par value | Retained earnings |  | Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  | Total equity
(unaudited) |  |  |  |
Balance, April 1, 2023 |  |  | $ | 709 |  |  | $ | — |  |  |  | $ | (36) |  |  |  | $ | 673 |
Net income |  |  | 27 |  | — |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 27 |
Net transfer (to)/from Kellanova |  |  | (52) |  | — |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (52) |
Other comprehensive income |  |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | 2 |
Balance, July 1, 2023 |  |  | $ | 684 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |  |  | $ | (34) |  |  |  | $ | 650 |

|  |  | Year-to-date period ended July 1, 2023
|  | Net Kellanova Investment | Capital in excess of par value | Retained earnings |  | Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  | Total equity
(unaudited) |  |  |  |
Balance, December 31, 2023 |  |  | $ | 725 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |  |  | $ | (38) |  |  |  | $ | 687 |
Net income |  |  | 53 |  | — |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 53 |
Net transfer (to)/from Kellanova |  |  | (94) |  | — |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (94) |
Other comprehensive income |  |  | — |  | — |  | — |  |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | 4 |
Balance, July 1, 2023 |  |  | $ | 684 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  |  |  | $ | (34) |  |  |  | $ | 650 |

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
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WK KELLOGG CO
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)
(millions)

| Year-to-date period ended
| June 29, 2024 | July 1, 2023
Operating activities |  |
Net income | $ | 64 |  | $ | 53 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to operating cash flows: |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 39 |  | 32 |
Pension and postretirement plan benefit | (18) |  | (13) |
Deferred income taxes | 1 |  | — |
Stock compensation | 6 |  | 2 |
Other | 5 |  | (1) |
Pension plan contributions | (10) |  | (1) |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |  |
Trade receivables | 36 |  | (9) |
Inventories | (17) |  | 101 |
Accounts payable | (4) |  | (21) |
Income taxes payable | 3 |  | — |
Accrued advertising and promotion | (32) |  | 8 |
Accrued salaries and wages | (22) |  | 2 |
All other current assets and liabilities | (14) |  | (13) |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | 37 |  | 140 |
Investing activities |  |
Additions to properties | (47) |  | (60) |
Property damage recoveries from insurance proceeds | — |  | 4 |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | (47) |  | (56) |
Financing activities |  |
Repayment of borrowings under the Credit Agreement | (6) |  | — |
Issuance (repayment) of notes payables, with maturities less than 90 days | (3) |  | — |
Net issuances of common stock | 2 |  | — |
Dividends paid | (27) |  | — |
Net transfers (to) from Kellanova | — |  | (82) |
Other | 1 |  | — |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | (33) |  | (82) |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | (2) |  | — |
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | (45) |  | 2 |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 89 |  | — |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 44 |  | $ | 2 |
Supplemental cash flow disclosures of non-cash investing activities: |  |
Additions to properties included in accounts payable | $ | 17 |  | $ | 16 |

See accompanying Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.
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Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements
for the quarter ended June 29, 2024 (unaudited)
Note 1 Accounting policies
Basis of presentation
On October 2, 2023 ("Spin-Off Date"), Kellanova (formerly known as Kellogg Company) completed the spin-off (the "Spin-Off") of its North American cereal business, resulting in a new independent public company, WK Kellogg Co (the "Company"). P rior to the Spin-Off, the Company historically operated as part of Kellanova.
For periods prior to the Spin-Off, the accompanying Unaudited Financial Statements were derived from the consolidated financial statements and accounting records of Kellanova. For all periods subsequent to the Spin-Off, the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements are based on actual results as a standalone company. Further information surrounding the Spin-Off and basis of presentation utilized for periods prior to the Spin-Off is included within Note 1 of the Company’s 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K (the "2023 Annual Report").
In connection with the Spin-Off, the Company entered into several agreements with Kellanova that govern the relationship of the parties following the Spin-Off and allocate between WK Kellogg Co and Kellanova various assets, liabilities, and obligations, including, among other things, employee benefits, intellectual property, and tax related assets and liabilities. The agreements included a Separation and Distribution Agreement, Employee Matters Agreement, Supply Agreement, Master Ownership and License Agreements regarding Patents, Trademarks and Certain Related Intellectual Property, Tax Matters Agreement and Transition Services Agreement.
The allocation of expenses from Kellanova to the Company was reflected as follows in the Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Operations for the quarter and year-to-date ended July 1, 2023:

|  | Quarter ended | Year-to-date period ended |  |  |
(millions) |  | July 1, 2023 | July 1, 2023 |  |  |  |
Cost of goods sold |  | $ | 34 |  | $ | 89 |  |  |  |  |
Selling, general and administrative |  | 89 |  | 174 |  |  |  |  |
Other (income) expense, net |  | (5) |  | (11) |  |  |  |  |
Total |  | $ | 118 |  | $ | 252 |  |  |  |  |

The components of net parent investment for the year-to-date period ended July 1, 2023 were:

(millions) | July 1, 2023
Net transfers (to)/from Kellanova as reflected in the Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Cash Flow | $ | (82) |
Non-cash stock compensation expense | 2 |
Non-cash pension and postretirement benefit | (14) |
Net transfers from/(to) Kellanova as reflected in the Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity | $ | (94) |

The accompanying Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements reflect the results of operations, financial position and cash flows of the Company prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). The unaudited interim financial information of the Company included in this report reflects all adjustments, all of which are of a normal and recurring nature, that management believes are necessary for a fair statement of the results of operations, comprehensive income, financial position, equity and cash flows for the periods presented. This interim information should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and accompanying footnotes within the 2023 Annual Report.
The balance sheet information at December 30, 2023 was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP in the United States. The results of operations for the quarter ended June 29, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for other interim periods or the full year.
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Accounts payable - Supplier Finance Programs
The Company establishes competitive market-based terms with our suppliers, regardless of whether they participate in supplier finance programs, which generally range from 0 to 135 days depending on their respective industry and geography.
The Company has agreements with third parties to provide accounts payable tracking systems which facilitate participating suppliers’ ability to monitor and, if elected, sell payment obligations from the Company to designated third-party financial institutions. Participating suppliers may, at their sole discretion, make offers to sell one or more payment obligations of the Company prior to their scheduled due dates at a discounted price to participating financial institutions. The Company has no economic interest in the sale of these suppliers’ receivables and no direct financial relationship with the financial institutions concerning these services. The Company’s obligations to its suppliers, including amounts due and scheduled payment dates, are not impacted by suppliers’ decisions to sell amounts under the arrangements. However, the Company’s right to offset balances due from suppliers against payment obligations is restricted by the agreements for those payment obligations that have been sold by suppliers. The payment of these obligations by the Company is included in Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities in the Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. As of June 29, 2024, $158 million of the Company’s outstanding payment obligations had been placed in the accounts payable tracking system. As of December 30, 2023, $142 million of the Company’s outstanding payment obligations had been placed in the accounts payable tracking system.
Disaggregated net sales
The following table presents the Company's disaggregated net sales by country:

| Quarter ended | Year-to-date period ended
(millions) | June 29, 2024 | July 1, 2023 | June 29, 2024 | July 1, 2023
United States | $ | 588 |  | $ | 618 |  | $ | 1,212 |  | $ | 1,255 |
Canada | 76 |  | 72 |  | 150 |  | 146 |
Other | 8 |  | 10 |  | 17 |  | 19 |
Total | $ | 672 |  | $ | 700 |  | $ | 1,379 |  | $ | 1,420 |

Accounting standards to be adopted in future periods
Segment Reporting: Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. This standard requires all public entities that are subject to segment reporting requirements to disclose additional information, including significant segment expenses and other segment items on an annual and interim basis. It also requires the disclosure of the title and the position of the chief operating decision maker and how the reported measures are used for making business decisions. This standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company intends to adopt the updated standard for the fiscal year ending December 28, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this standard will have on its disclosures.
Income Taxes: Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. This standard primarily expands the required disclosures surrounding the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. For public entities, this standard is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company intends to adopt the updated standard for the fiscal year ending January 3, 2026. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the adoption of this standard will have on its disclosures.
Note 2 Sale of accounts receivable
The Company has a program in which a discrete group of customers are allowed to extend their payment terms in exchange for the elimination of early payment discounts (Extended Terms Program).
The Company has a monetization agreement with an unaffiliated financial institution specifically designed to factor trade receivables with certain customers that participate in the Extended Terms Program. Under this monetization
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arrangement, from time to time, the Company sells these customers’ trade receivables at a discount on a non-recourse basis. A portion of the cash proceeds is subject to certain restrictions. Transfers under these agreements are accounted for as sales of receivables resulting in the receivables being de-recognized from the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets. The monetization program provides for the continuing sale of certain receivables on a revolving basis until terminated by either party; however, the maximum receivables that may be sold at any time is approximately $350 million.
For all periods prior to the Spin-Off, the Company participated in Kellanova's monetization program and received an allocation of the recorded net loss on sale of receivables, based on the proportion of monetized receivables.
The Company has no retained interest in the receivables sold; however, the Company does have collection and administrative responsibilities for the receivables sold. The Company has not recorded any servicing assets or liabilities as of June 29, 2024 and December 30, 2023 for these agreements, as the fair value of these servicing arrangements as well as the fees earned were not material to the financial statements.
Accounts receivable sol d of $313 million a nd $266 million remained outstanding under these arrangements as of June 29, 2024 and December 30, 2023, respectively. The proceeds from these sales of receivables are included in Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities in the Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows in the period of sale. The recorded net loss on sale of receivables w as $5 million and $9 million for the quarter and year-to-date period ended June 29, 2024, respectively, and $4 million and $8 million for the quart er and year-to-date period ended July 1, 2023, respectively. The recorded loss is included in Other income (expense), net ("OIE").
A portion of cash received related to the accounts receivable monetization program is restricted as part of the Extended Terms collateralization agreement. As of June 29, 2024 and December 30, 2023, the amount of restricted cash was $16 million a nd $13 million, respectively, and is included in Cash and cash equivalents in the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Note 3 Equity
Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share is determined by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share is similarly determined, except that the denominator is increased to include the number of additional shares of common stock that would have been outstanding if all dilutive potential shares of common stock had been issued. Dilutive potential shares of common stock consist principally of unvested restricted stock units. As of June 29, 2024, the Company had approximately two million dilutive shares and no anti-dilutive shares.
On the Spin-Off Date, Kellanova distributed 85,631,304 shares of the Company's common stock to Kellanova's shareowners in connection with the Spin-Off. For comparative purposes, weighted average shares outstanding for the quarter and year-to-date period ended July 1, 2023 have been retroactively recast to reflect the effects of the changes in equity structure resulting from the Spin-Off and assume the same basic weighted average shares as of the Spin-Off Date. For periods prior to the Spin-Off, it is assumed that there are no dilutive securities as there were no stock-based awards of the Company outstanding. Refer to the Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Income for basic and diluted earnings per share for the quarters and year-to-date periods ended June 29, 2024 and July 1, 2023.
Comprehensive income
Comprehensive income includes net income and all other changes in equity during a period except those resulting from investments by or distributions to shareowners. Other comprehensive income consists of foreign currency translation adjustments, adjustments for net experience gains (losses), prior service credit (costs) related to employee benefit plans, which are recorded in OIE within the statement of income, upon reclassification from Accumulated other comprehensive income ("AOCI"). The related tax effects of these items are recorded in Income taxes within the Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Income, upon reclassification from AOCI.
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AOCI as of June 29, 2024 and December 30, 2023 consisted of the following:

(millions) | June 29, 2024 | December 30, 2023
Foreign currency translation adjustments | $ | (41) |  | $ | (35) |
Postretirement and postemployment benefits: |  |
Prior service credit (cost) | 5 |  | 7 |
Total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | $ | (36) |  | $ | (28) |

Note 4 Pension and postretirement benefits
The Company sponsors a pension plan in the United States and several plans in the United States and Canada that provide health care and other welfare benefits to retired employees who have met certain age and service requirements. These plans are described within the footnotes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the 2023 Annual Report. Components of Company benefit plans (income) expense for the periods presented are included in the tables below. Excluding the service cost component, these amounts are included within OIE in the Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Income.
The following tables present the pension expense and nonpension postretirement income directly attributable to the Company for the quarter and year-to-date period ended June 29, 2024:
Pension

| Quarter ended | Year-to-date period ended
(millions) | June 29, 2024 | June 29, 2024
Service cost | $ | 2 |  | $ | 4 |
Interest cost | 7 |  | 14 |
Expected return on plan assets | (9) |  | (18) |
Amortization of unrecognized prior service cost | 1 |  | 2 |
Total pension expense | $ | 1 |  | $ | 2 |

Other nonpension postretirement

| Quarter ended |  | Year-to-date period ended
(millions) | June 29, 2024 |  |  | June 29, 2024 |
Service cost | $ | 1 |  |  |  | $ | 2 |  |
Interest cost | 6 |  |  |  | 12 |  |
Expected return on plan assets | (15) |  |  |  | (30) |  |
Amortization of unrecognized prior service cost | (2) |  |  |  | (4) |  |
Total postretirement benefit income | $ | (10) |  |  |  | $ | (20) |  |

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For the quarter and year-to-date period ended July 1, 2023, there were no direct pension and nonpension postretirement costs. The following table summarizes the expenses that were allocated to the Company's plans prior to the Spin-Off:

|  | Quarter ended | Year-to-date period ended
(millions) |  | July 1, 2023 | July 1, 2023
Pension plan: |  |  |
Shared plans (multiemployer) | Cost allocation - COGS | $ | 2 |  | $ | 4 |
| Cost allocation - OIE | — |  | — |
Total pension expense |  | $ | 2 |  | $ | 4 |
Nonpension postretirement plan: |  |  |
Shared plans (multiemployer) | Cost allocation - COGS | $ | 1 |  | $ | 2 |
| Cost allocation - OIE | (10) |  | (20) |
Total postretirement benefit income |  | $ | (9) |  | $ | (18) |

Company contributions to employee benefit plans are summarized as follows:

(millions) | Pension | Nonpension postretirement | Total
Quarter ended: |  |  |
June 29, 2024 | $ | 7 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 7 |
July 1, 2023 | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |
Year-to-date period ended: |  |  |
June 29, 2024 | $ | 10 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 10 |
July 1, 2023 | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |
Full year: |  |  |
Fiscal year 2024 (projected) (a) | $ | 24 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 24 |
Fiscal year 2023 (actual) | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |

(a)Projected 2024 amounts have been corrected from $0 million as previously disclosed in our 2023 Annual Report to $24 million.
Plan funding strategies may be modified in response to management's evaluation of tax deductibility, market conditions, and competing investment alternatives.
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Note 5 Operating leases
The Company leases certain warehouses, equipment, vehicles, and office space primarily through operating lease agreements. The Company recorded operating lease costs of $4 million and $7 million for the quarter and year-to-date period ended June 29, 2024, respectively. Operating lease costs for the quarter and year-to-date period ended July 1, 2023 were immaterial to the consolidated financial statements. Right-of-use assets and liabilities associated with the operating leases are classified in Other assets and Other liabilities, respectively, on the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets.

| Quarter ended | Year-to-date period ended
(millions) | June 29, 2024 | July 1, 2023 | June 29, 2024 | July 1, 2023
Other information |  |  |  |
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: |  |  |  |
Operating cash flows from operating leases | $ | 3 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 5 |  | $ | — |
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities |  |  |  |
New leases | $ | 16 |  | $ | — |  | $ | 52 |  | $ | — |
Modified leases | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |

At June 29, 2024 future maturities of operating leases were as follows:

(millions) | Operating leases |  |
2024 (remaining) | $ | 8 |  |  |
2025 | 16 |  |  |
2026 | 15 |  |  |
2027 | 14 |  |  |
2028 | 13 |  |  |
2029 and beyond | 11 |  |  |
Total minimum payments | $ | 77 |  |  |
Less interest | (8) |  |  |
Present value of lease liabilities | $ | 69 |  |  |
Weighted-average remaining lease term - operating leases | 4.7 years |  |
Weighted-average discount rate - operating leases | 6.7% |  |

During the first and second quarters of 2024, the Company entered into lease agreements with unrelated third parties for distribution centers previously leased by Kellanova. The leases were either transferred to the Company or subleased directly from Kellanova as outlined in the Separation and Distribution Agreement. Payments for these leases are made on a monthly basis. Prior to the execution of these leases, use of the distribution centers was managed under the Transition Services Agreement.
The new lease agreement executed in the first quarter resulted in an increase to operating lease assets of $34 million, which is recorded within Other assets on the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheet. This also resulted in an increase to operating lease liabilities of $34 million, of which $3 million is classified as short-term and included in Other current liabilities and $31 million is classified as long-term, which is included in Other liabilities within the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheet.
The new sublease agreement executed in the second quarter resulted in an increase to operating lease assets of $14 million, which is recorded within Other assets on the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheet. This also resulted in an increase to operating lease liabilities of $14 million, of which $2 million is classified as short-term and included in Other current liabilities and $12 million is classified as long-term, which is included in Other liabilities within the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheet.
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Note 6 Income taxes
The Company's consolidated effective tax rate for the quarter and year-to-date period ended June 29, 2024 was 26.8% and 26.4%, respectively. The consolidated effective tax rate for the quarter and year-to-date period ended July 1, 2023 was 23.1% and 23.2%, respectively. The Company's income tax expense is impacted by the level and mix of earnings among tax jurisdictions. The rate differed from the U.S. statutory rate in both periods primarily due to the impact of US state taxes.
Note 7 Derivative instruments
The Company is exposed to certain market risks such as changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, and price fluctuations, which exist as a part of its ongoing business operations. Management uses derivative and nonderivative financial and commodity instruments to manage these risks. Instruments used as hedges must be effective at reducing the risk associated with the exposure being hedged. As a matter of policy, the Company does not engage in trading or speculative hedging transactions.
Prior to the Spin-Off, the Company participated in Kellanova's hedging program, which uses derivative and nonderivative financial and commodity instruments, including futures, options, and swaps, where appropriate, to manage risks. Since these derivative instruments were entered into and settled by Kellanova for both the Company and Kellanova's other businesses, no asset or liability was recorded on the Company's Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets prior to the Spin-Off. However, an appropriate allocation of the gains/losses and fees associated with entering into derivative instruments has been included in the Company's Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income for each period presented prior to the Spin-Off.
After the Spin-Off, the Company has entered into its own derivative instruments. Derivative instruments are classified on the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheet based on the contractual maturity of the instrument or the timing of the underlying cash flows of the instrument for derivatives with contractual maturities beyond one year. Any collateral associated with derivative instruments is classified as Other assets or Other current liabilities on the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheet depending on whether the counterparty collateral is in an asset or liability position. Margin deposits related to exchange-traded commodities are recorded in accounts receivable, net on the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheet. On the Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, cash flows associated with derivative instruments are classified according to the nature of the underlying hedged item. Cash flows associated with collateral and margin deposits on exchange-traded commodities are classified as investing cash flows when the collateral account is in an asset position and as financing cash flows when the collateral account is in a liability position.
Total notional amounts of the Company’s derivative instruments as of June 29, 2024 and December 30, 2023 were as follows:

(millions) | June 29, 2024 | December 30, 2023
Foreign currency exchange contracts | $ | 251 |  | $ | — |
Commodity contracts | 77 |  | — |
Total | $ | 328 |  | $ | — |

Following is a description of each category in the fair value hierarchy and the financial assets and liabilities of the Company that were included in each category at June 29, 2024 and December 30, 2023, measured on a recurring basis.
Level 1 – Financial assets and liabilities whose values are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market. For the Company, level 1 financial assets and liabilities consist primarily of commodity derivative contracts.
Level 2 – Financial assets and liabilities whose values are based on quoted prices in markets that are not active or model inputs that are observable either directly or indirectly for substantially the full term of the asset or liability. For the Company, level 2 financial assets and liabilities consist of over-the-counter commodity and currency contracts.
The Company’s calculation of the fair value of over-the-counter commodity derivatives are valued using an income approach based on the commodity index prices less the contract rate multiplied by the notional amount. Foreign currency contracts are valued using an income approach based on forward rates less the contract rate multiplied by
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the notional amount. The Company’s calculation of the fair value of level 2 financial assets and liabilities takes into consideration the risk of nonperformance, including counterparty credit risk.
The Company does not have any derivatives designated as hedging instruments. The following table presents assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value in the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheet on a recurring basis as of June 29, 2024 and December 30, 2023:

| June 29, 2024 |  | December 30, 2023
(millions) | Level 1 | Level 2 | Total |  | Level 1 | Level 2 | Total
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency exchange contracts: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other current liabilities | $ | — |  | $ | 1 |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |
Commodity contracts: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Other current liabilities | 1 |  | — |  | 1 |  |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Total liabilities | $ | 1 |  | $ | 1 |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |

The effect of derivative instruments on the Company's Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Income for the quarters ended June 29, 2024 and July 1, 2023 was as follows:

| Gain (loss) recognized in cost of goods sold | Gain (loss) recognized in other income (expense), net
(millions) | June 29, 2024 | July 1, 2023 | June 29, 2024 | July 1, 2023
Commodity contracts | $ | (1) |  | $ | (7) |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |
Foreign currency derivatives | $ | (2) |  | $ | (1) |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |

The effect of derivative instruments on the Company's Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Income for the year-to-date periods ended June 29, 2024 and July 1, 2023 was as follows:

| Gain (loss) recognized in cost of goods sold | Gain (loss) recognized in other income (expense), net
(millions) | June 29, 2024 | July 1, 2023 | June 29, 2024 | July 1, 2023
Commodity contracts | $ | (1) |  | $ | (13) |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |
Foreign currency derivatives | $ | (2) |  | $ | 1 |  | $ | — |  | $ | — |

Counterparty credit risk concentration and collateral requirements
The Company could incur losses in the event of nonperformance by counterparties to over-the-counter (OTC) financial and commodity derivatives contracts. Management believes risk of loss with respect to derivative contracts is limited due to the use of master netting agreements with credit-ratings based collateralization requirements for OTC derivatives and the use of exchange-traded commodity contracts. As of June 29, 2024, the Company was not in a material net asset position with any OTC derivatives counterparties.
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Note 8 Supplemental financial statement data
Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheet

(millions) | June 29, 2024 |  | December 30, 2023
Trade receivables | $ | 189 |  |  | $ | 225 |
Allowance for expected credit losses | (1) |  |  | — |
Other receivables | 29 |  |  | 19 |
Accounts receivable, net | $ | 217 |  |  | $ | 244 |
Raw materials | $ | 56 |  |  | $ | 49 |
Manufacturing supplies | 55 |  |  | 53 |
Materials in process | 21 |  |  | 15 |
Finished goods | 228 |  |  | 228 |
Inventories | $ | 360 |  |  | $ | 345 |
Property, cost | $ | 2,701 |  |  | $ | 2,676 |
Accumulated depreciation | (1,953) |  |  | (1,937) |
Property, net | $ | 748 |  |  | $ | 739 |
Operating lease assets | 68 |  |  | 18 |
Deferred income taxes | 13 |  |  | 13 |
Cloud computing technology | 11 |  |  | 17 |
Other | 5 |  |  | 3 |
Other assets | $ | 97 |  |  | $ | 51 |
Other third party | 530 |  |  | 502 |
Kellanova (a) | 8 |  |  | 39 |
Accounts payable | $ | 538 |  |  | $ | 541 |
Obligations under Transition Services Agreement | 15 |  |  | 52 |
Operating lease obligations | 13 |  |  | 6 |
Income taxes payable | 10 |  |  | 7 |
Other | 65 |  |  | 40 |
Other current liabilities | $ | 103 |  |  | $ | 105 |
Operating lease obligations | 56 |  |  | 12 |
Other | 17 |  |  | 13 |
Other liabilities | $ | 73 |  |  | $ | 25 |

(a)The $8 million and $39 million payable to Kellanova represents various items Kellanova paid on our behalf, for which we owe reimbursement for amounts incurred related to the Spin-Off.
Note 9 Contingencies
The Company is subject to various legal proceedings, claims, and governmental inspections or investigations in the ordinary course of business covering matters such as general commercial, governmental regulations, antitrust and trade regulations, product liability, environmental, intellectual property, workers’ compensation, employment and other actions. These matters are subject to uncertainty and the outcome is not predictable with assurance. The Company uses a combination of insurance and self-insurance for a number of risks, including workers’ compensation, general liability, automobile liability and product liability.
The Company establishes accruals when appropriate for certain matters where losses are deemed probable and reasonably estimable. There are other claims and legal proceedings pending against the Company for which accruals have not been established. It is reasonably possible that some of these matters could result in an unfavorable judgment against the Company and could require payment of claims in amounts that cannot be estimated at June 29, 2024. Based upon current information, management does not expect any of the claims or legal proceedings pending against the Company, individually or in the aggregate, to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
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Note 10 Subsequent events
On July 31, 2024, the Board of Directors of the Company approved a reorganization plan in connection with the Company’s strategic priority to modernize its supply chain. Under this reorganization plan, the Company will consolidate its manufacturing network by closing its Omaha, Nebraska plant, with a phased reduction in production beginning in late 2025 and full closure targeted by the end of 2026, and scaling back production (which includes a reduction in the number of manufacturing platforms) at its Memphis, Tennessee facility, commencing in late 2025. The reorganization plan was communicated to impacted employees on August 6, 2024 and remains subject to the satisfaction of certain collective bargaining obligations. The actions under the reorganization plan are expected to be substantially completed by the end of fiscal year 2026.
These actions are expected to result in cumulative restructuring pretax charges of between $230 and $270 million, including between $30 and $40 million in cash costs for severance and other termination benefits and between $30 and $40 million in other cash restructuring costs related to equipment dismantlement and other transition costs. The Company estimates between $170 and $190 million in non-cash charges related primarily to accelerated depreciation and asset write-offs. These charges are expected to be incurred through 2027. These figures do not include capital expenditures related to the reorganization.
The amounts expected to be incurred as a result of these actions, including the timing thereof, are estimates only and subject to a number of assumptions. Actual results may differ materially from the Company’s current expectations. The Company may also incur additional charges or other cash expenditures not currently contemplated due to unanticipated events that may occur as a result of, or associated with, these actions.
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WK KELLOGG CO
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A") is intended to help the reader understand the Company, our operations and our present business environment. MD&A is provided as a supplement to, and should be read in conjunction with, our Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying notes thereto contained in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q ("Quarterly Report").
Business Overview
WK Kellogg Co is an iconic North American cereal company with a differentiated portfolio of brands that have delighted our consumers for over a century. As a leading manufacturer, marketer and distributor of branded ready-to-eat cereal, we endeavor to provide consumers with high-quality products while promoting consumer health and well-being. Our products are manufactured by us in the United States, Mexico, and Canada and marketed in the United States, Canada, and the Caribbean.
We believe our business' long-standing success is attributable to the strength of our brands, our category expertise, and over a century of institutional knowledge, all of which has created a diverse portfolio of cereals that are intended to enhance the lives of our consumers. Our product offerings are well diversified across the cereal sub-categories of taste, wellness and balance, with strong consumer appeal across the spectrum of ages and demographics. Iconic brands used in our business include Frosted Flakes, Special K, Froot Loops, Raisin Bran, Frosted Mini-Wheats, Rice Krispies, Kashi, Corn Flakes and Apple Jacks, among many others.
Our products are manufactured through our production platform consisting of six primary facilities and are sold through a variety of channels such as grocery stores, mass merchandisers, club stores, and drugstores.
Separation from Kellanova
On October 2, 2023, Kellanova (formerly known as Kellogg Company) completed the spin-off (the "Spin-Off") of its North American cereal business through the distribution of all of the shares of WK Kellogg Co (the "Company") common stock to Kellanova’s share owners at a ratio of one share of the Company's common stock for every four shares of Kellanova’s common stock. Prior to the Spin-Off, the Company underwent an internal reorganization that resulted in it becoming the holder, directly or through its subsidiaries, of the North American cereal business held by Kellanova. Prior to the Spin-Off, the Company was a wholly owned subsidiary of Kellanova.
In connection with the Spin-Off, the Company entered into several agreements with Kellanova that govern the relationship of the parties following the Spin-Off and allocate between the Company and Kellanova various assets, liabilities, and obligations, including, among other things, employee benefits, intellectual property, and tax related assets and liabilities. The agreements included a Separation and Distribution Agreement, Employee Matters Agreement, Supply Agreement, Master Ownership and License Agreements regarding Patents, Trademarks and Certain Related Intellectual Property, Tax Matters Agreement and Transition Services Agreement.
Basis of Presentation
For periods prior to the Spin-Off, the accompanying Unaudited Financial Statements were derived from the consolidated financial statements and accounting records of Kellanova. For all periods subsequent to the Spin-Off, the Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements are based on actual results as a standalone company. Further information surrounding the Spin-Off and basis of presentation utilized for periods prior to the Spin-Off is included within Note 1 of the Company’s 2023 Annual Report on Form 10-K (the "2023 Annual Report").
Our MD&A references consumption and net sales in discussing our sales trends for certain brands. We record net sales upon delivery of shipments to our customers. Consumption refers to consumer purchases of our products from our customers.
Key Factors Affecting Our Business
We believe key industry and economic factors that are currently impacting our business, and which in the near term are expected to continue to impact our business, include the following:
Macroeconomic conditions. In recent years, geopolitical instability, including wars and conflicts, as well as other global events have resulted in certain impacts to the global economy, including market disruptions, supply chain challenges and inflationary pressures. We were able to mostly offset the dollar impact of this input-cost inflation
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through the execution of productivity initiatives and the implementation of revenue growth management actions to realize price. Additionally, from time to time, we may enter into a combination of fixed price contracts with supplier and commodity derivative instruments to manage the impact of volatility in the price of raw materials. During the first half of fiscal year 2024 we have experienced increased supply chain stability and some level of commodity cost moderation while other input costs have continued to be inflationary.
The war in Ukraine and the related sanctions, along with the conflict in the Middle East, have increased global economic and geopolitical uncertainty. The Company is a North American-focused company with no direct exposure to Russia, Ukraine or the Middle East. However, sanctions imposed by the United States on Russian oil and gas imports, as well as disruption to Ukraine’s wheat and other agricultural supply due to the ongoing military conflict, could cause further inflation of our commodity costs.
Highly competitive environment. Our business is concentrated primarily in a single product category that faces intense competition. The principal aspects of our business where we experience competition include brand recognition, taste, nutritional value, price, promotion, innovation, shelf space and customer service. We have competition from both branded and private label product offerings. Our ability to successfully compete in the marketplace is dependent on our strategic execution on the items above.
Challenging retail environment. Our business is largely concentrated in the traditional retail grocery trade with a significant percentage of our sales coming from a small group of large U.S. retail customers. The U.S. retail environment continues to face further consolidation. We must leverage our marketing expertise, product innovation and category leadership position to respond to our customers and provide high service levels.
These factors contribute to a market environment of intense competition, constant product innovation and continuing cost pressure that creates a challenging commercial and economic environment. We continually evaluate these factors as we develop and execute our strategies.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
The non-GAAP financial measures in this Quarterly Report are supplemental measures of our performance. These measures that we provide to management and investors exclude certain items that we do not consider part of on-going operations. Our management team utilizes a combination of GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures to evaluate business results, to make decisions regarding the future direction of our business, and for resource allocation decisions, including incentive compensation. As a result, we believe the presentation of both GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures provides investors with increased transparency into financial measures used by our management team and improves investors’ understanding of our underlying operating performance and analysis of ongoing operating trends. All historical non-GAAP financial measures have been reconciled from the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures.
As non-GAAP financial measures are not standardized, they may not be comparable to financial measures used by other companies or to non-GAAP financial measures having the same or similar names. In order to compensate for such limitations of non-GAAP measures, readers should review the reconciliations and should not consider these measures in isolation from, or as alternatives to, the comparable financial measures determined in accordance with GAAP.
•Adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization ("EBITDA"): We adjust the GAAP net income (loss) for: interest expense, income tax expense (benefit), depreciation and amortization expense, mark-to-market impacts from commodity and foreign currency contracts, other income (expense), net, separation costs related to the Spin-Off and business and portfolio realignment costs. Management believes that these metrics provide investors an additional basis to assess results over time.
•Adjusted gross profit and adjusted gross margin: We adjust GAAP gross profit and gross margin to exclude the effect of business and portfolio realignment costs, separation costs related to the Spin-Off and mark-to-market impacts from commodity and foreign currency contracts. We exclude items which we believe may obscure trends in our underlying profitability. By providing these non-GAAP profitability measures, management believes that investors are provided with a more meaningful, consistent comparison of the Company's profitability measures for the periods presented. Management uses these non-GAAP financial measures to evaluate the effectiveness of initiatives intended to improve profitability, as well as to evaluate the impacts of inflationary pressures and decisions to invest in new initiatives.
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•Free cash flow: Free cash flow is defined as net cash provided by operating activities reduced by expenditures for property additions. Cash flow does not represent the residual cash flow available for discretionary expenditures. We use this non-GAAP financial measure of cash flow to focus management and investors on the amount of cash available for debt repayment, dividend distributions, acquisition opportunities, and share repurchases once all of the Company’s business needs and obligations are met.
Significant items impacting comparability
Mark-to-market on foreign exchange and commodity hedges
The Company recognizes mark-to-market adjustments for commodity contracts and certain foreign currency contracts as incurred. Changes between contract and market prices for commodity contracts and certain foreign currency contracts result in gains/losses that are recognized in the quarter they occur. The Company recorded a pre-tax mark-to-market loss of $2 million for the quarter and year-to-date period ended June 29, 2024. The Company recorded a pre-tax mark-to-market loss of $5 million and $10 million for the quarter and year-to-date period ended July 1, 2023.
Separation costs
The Company incurred pre-tax charges related to the Spin-Off, primarily related to TSA transition costs and spin-related employee costs of $8 million and $16 million for the quarter and year-to-date period ended June 29, 2024. The Company recorded separation costs, primarily related to legal and consulting costs, of $40 million and $61 million for the quarter and year-to-date period ended July 1, 2023.
Business and portfolio realignment
The Company incurred non-recurring cos ts related to a reconfiguration of its supply chain network designed to drive increased productivity, resulting in pre-tax charges of $2 million and $3 million for the quarter and year-to-date period ended June 29, 2024. The Company incurred pre-tax costs in connection with its business and portfolio realignment of $1 million and $0 million for the quarter and year-to-date period ended July 1, 2023.
Other income (expense), net
The Company excludes the impact of all non-operating items from its Adjusted EBITDA calculation, which primarily includes pension-related income (expense), net and financing fees. As a result, other income of $4 million and $10 million was excluded for the quarter and year-to-date period ended June 29, 2024. Other income of $7 million and $15 million was excluded for the quarter and year-to-date period ended July 1, 2023.
Net income
The following tables provide an analysis of net income performance for the quarters and year-to-date periods ended June 29, 2024 and July 1, 2023:

| Quarter ended |  | Year-to-date period ended
(millions) | June 29, 2024 |  | July 1, 2023 |  | June 29, 2024 |  | July 1, 2023
Reported net income | $ | 31 |  |  | $ | 27 |  |  | $ | 64 |  |  | $ | 53 |
Interest expense | 8 |  |  | — |  |  | 16 |  |  | — |
Income tax expense (benefit) | 12 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 23 |  |  | 16 |
Depreciation and amortization expense | 19 |  |  | 15 |  |  | 39 |  |  | 32 |
EBITDA | $ | 70 |  |  | $ | 50 |  |  | $ | 142 |  |  | $ | 101 |
(Gain) loss on mark-to-market foreign exchange and commodity hedges | 2 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 10 |
Other (income) expense, net | (4) |  |  | (7) |  |  | (10) |  |  | (15) |
Separation costs | 8 |  |  | 40 |  |  | 16 |  |  | 61 |
Business and portfolio realignment costs | 2 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 3 |  |  | — |
Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 78 |  |  | $ | 89 |  |  | $ | 153 |  |  | $ | 157 |

Note: Tables may not foot due to rounding.
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Net income for the quarter and year-to-date period ended June 29, 2024 increased approximately 15% and 21%, respectively, compared to prior quarter and year-to-date periods as a result of productivity management initiatives, which was slightly mitigated by an increase in interest expense as a result of new debt issuances in the third quarter of 2023. After excluding the impacts of income tax expense, interest expense and depreciation, our EBITDA for both the quarter and year-to-date period ended June 29, 2024 increased 40% compared to the prior quarter and year-to-date period. The increase was primarily driven by a decrease in separation costs of $32 million and $45 million, respectively compared to the prior periods. Adjusted EBITDA, which excludes the impacts of mark-to-market, other (income) expense, business and portfolio realignment costs and separation costs, decreased 12% and 3% for the quarter and year-to-date period, compared to the prior period related to the incremental costs to operate as a standalone company. Net income, EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA include the impacts of prior year insurance recoveries of $16 million for the quarter and year-to-date period.
Margin performance
Our gross profit and gross profit margin performance for the quarters ended June 29, 2024 and July 1, 2023 were as follows:

Quarter ended | June 29, 2024 |  | July 1, 2023 | GM change vs. prior year (pts.)
(millions) | Gross Profit (a) | Gross Margin (b) |  | Gross Profit (a) | Gross Margin (b)
Reported | $ | 196 |  | 29.1 | % |  | $ | 191 |  | 27.3 | % | 1.8 |
Mark-to-market | 2 |  | 0.3 | % |  | 5 |  | 0.7 | % | (0.4) |
Separation costs | 4 |  | 0.5 | % |  | 15 |  | 2.1 | % | (1.6) |
Business and portfolio realignment | 1 |  | 0.1 | % |  | 1 |  | 0.1 | % | — |
Adjusted | $ | 202 |  | 30.0 | % |  | $ | 211 |  | 30.2 | % | (0.2) |

Note: Tables may not foot due to rounding.
(a) Gross profit is equal to net sales less cost of goods sold.
(b) Gross profit as a percentage of net sales.
Reported gross margin for the quarter increased 180 basis points versus the prior year due primarily to the impact of productivity management initiatives. Adjusted gross margin, which excludes mark-to-market impacts on commodities and foreign exchange hedges, business and portfolio realignment costs and separation costs decreased 20 basis points versus prior year due to insurance proceeds received of $16 million in the second quarter of 2023.
Our gross profit and gross profit margin performance for the year-to-date periods ended June 29, 2024 and July 1, 2023 were as follows:

Quarter ended | June 29, 2024 |  | July 1, 2023 | GM change vs. prior year (pts.)
(millions) | Gross Profit (a) | Gross Margin (b) |  | Gross Profit (a) | Gross Margin (b)
Reported | $ | 399 |  | 28.9 | % |  | $ | 372 |  | 26.2 | % | 2.7 |
Mark-to-market | 2 |  | 0.1 | % |  | 10 |  | 0.7 | % | (0.6) |
Separation costs | 6 |  | 0.5 | % |  | 17 |  | 1.2 | % | (0.7) |
Business and portfolio realignment | 2 |  | 0.1 | % |  | 1 |  | — | % | 0.1 |
Adjusted | $ | 408 |  | 29.6 | % |  | $ | 400 |  | 28.1 | % | 1.5 |

Note: Tables may not foot due to rounding.
(a) Gross profit is equal to net sales less cost of goods sold.
(b) Gross profit as a percentage of net sales.
Reported gross margin for the year-to-date period increased 270 basis points versus the prior year due primarily to the impact of productivity and revenue growth management initiatives. Adjusted gross margin increased 150 basis points versus the prior year, which excludes mark-to-market impacts on commodities and foreign exchange hedges, business and portfolio realignment costs and separation costs, which is impacted by insurance proceeds received of $16 million in the first half of 2023.
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Net sales

|  | Quarter ended |  | Year-to-date period ended
(millions) |  | June 29, 2024 | July 1, 2023 |  | June 29, 2024 | July 1, 2023
Net sales |  | $ | 672 |  | $ | 700 |  |  | $ | 1,379 |  | $ | 1,420 |
% change - 2024 vs. 2023: |  |  |  |  |  |
Net sales increase (decrease) |  | (3.9) | % |  |  | (2.9) | % |
Volume (tonnage) |  | (8.6) | % |  |  | (7.8) | % |
Pricing/mix |  | 4.7 | % |  |  | 4.9 | % |

Note: Tables may not foot due to rounding.
Net sales for the quarter and year-to-date period ended June 29, 2024 decreased approximately 4% and 3%, respectively, compared to the prior quarter and year-to-date period. Volume declined 9% and 8%, respectively compared to the prior periods, reflecting price elasticity. This decline in volume was partially offset by revenue growth management initiatives designed to cover rising input-cost inflation, resulting in a favorable price/mix of approximately 5% for the quarter and year-to-date period ended June 29, 2024.
Selling, general and administrative expense

|  | Quarter ended |  | Year-to-date period ended
(millions) |  | June 29, 2024 | July 1, 2023 |  | June 29, 2024 | July 1, 2023
Selling, general & administrative expense |  | $ | 149 |  | $ | 163 |  |  | $ | 306 |  | $ | 318 |
% change - 2024 vs. 2023: |  |  |  |  |  |
Selling, general & administrative expense increase (decrease) |  | (8.6) | % |  |  | (3.8) | % |

Selling, general and administrative expense for the quarter ended June 29, 2024 decreased approximately 9%, driven primarily by a decrease in Spin-Off related costs of $20 million when compared to the prior period. Expense for the quarters ended June 29, 2024 and July 1, 2023 was 22% and 23% of net sales, respectively.
Selling, general and administrative expense for the year-to-date period ended June 29, 2024 decreased approximately 4%, driven primarily by a decrease in spin-off related costs of $34 million, which was mitigated by an increase of overall costs to operate as a standalone entity. Expense for the year-to-date periods ended June 29, 2024 and July 1, 2023 was 22% and 22%, respectively.
Other income (expense), net
Other income (expense), net consists primarily of allocated pension and postretirement benefit plan related mark-to-market, interest cost, and expected return on plan assets.
For the quarter ended June 29, 2024, other income (expense), net decreased by 43% to $4 million compared to $7 million in the quarter ended July 1, 2023. For the year-to-date period ended June 29, 2024, other income (expense), net decreased by 33% to $10 million compared to $15 million in the quarter ended July 1, 2023. The primary driver of this decrease was insurance proceeds received of $2 million in the second quarter of 2023 and $4 million in the year-to-date period, related to recoveries for property damage after a fire at one of our manufacturing facilities.
Income taxes
The Company's consolidated effective tax rate for the quarter and year-to-date period ended June 29, 2024 was 26.8% and 26.4%, respectively. The consolidated effective tax rate for the quarter and year-to-date period ended July 1, 2023 was 23.1% and 23.2%, respectively. The Company's income tax expense is impacted by the level and mix of earnings among tax jurisdictions. The rate differed from the U.S. statutory rate in both periods primarily due to the impact of US state taxes.
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Liquidity and capital resources
In September of 2023, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement, consisting of a $500 million term loan (the "Term Loan"), a $250 million delayed draw term loan, and a $350 million equivalent multicurrency revolving credit facility (collectively, the “Credit Facility”). As of June 29, 2024, borrowings under the Credit Facility were $490 million comprised of the Term Loan, of which $12 million was recognized as the current portion, less upfront fees paid during debt issuance. As of June 29, 2024, there was an additional $600 million of borrowing capacity under the Credit Facility.
Our ability to fund our operating needs will depend on our future ability to continue to generate positive cash flow from operations and on our ability to obtain debt financing on acceptable terms. Management believes that our cash balances and funds provided by operating activities, along with borrowing capacity under the Credit Facility and access to capital markets, taken as a whole, provide (i) adequate liquidity to meet all of our current and long-term obligations when due, including third-party debt that was incurred in connection with the Spin-Off, (ii) adequate liquidity to fund capital expenditures primarily utilized in manufacturing our products, and (iii) flexibility to meet investment opportunities that may arise. However, our access to, and the availability of, financing on acceptable terms and conditions in the future will be impacted by many factors, including (1) our credit ratings, including the lowering of any of our credit ratings, or absence of a credit rating, (2) the liquidity of the overall capital markets and (3) the future state of the U.S. and global economy and, accordingly, there can be no assurances that we will be able to obtain additional debt or equity financing on acceptable terms in the future, or at all.
We believe our operating cash flow, together with borrowings currently available under our Credit Facility, will be adequate to meet our operating, investing and financing needs in the foreseeable future, and at a minimum for the next 12 months. We plan to utilize such flexibility to drive an investment philosophy that balances capital investments in areas such as supply chain optimization, cost-saving projects and new capabilities, with the ability to further increase shareowner value through a combination of debt reduction, return of capital to our shareowners in the form of dividends as well as potential acquisitions. In the near term we may increase our indebtedness to fund important capital projects. Thereafter, however, we anticipate being able to reduce indebtedness as a way to increase our financial flexibility and enhance shareowner value.
The following table sets forth a summary of our cash flows:

| Year-to-date period ended
(millions) | June 29, 2024 | July 1, 2023
Net cash provided by (used in): |  |
Operating activities | 37 |  | $ | 140 |
Investing activities | (47) |  | (56) |
Financing activities | (33) |  | (82) |
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents | (2) |  | — |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | $ | (45) |  | $ | 2 |

Operating activities
Cash flow from operating activities for the year-to-date period ended June 29, 2024, decreased to $37 million, compared to $140 million in the prior year. The decrease was primarily due to the return to normalized inventory levels after lapping impacts that were impactful to the year ended 2022 which included cost inflation, general supply disruption and rebuild of inventory balances following a fire and strike at our manufacturing facilities in 2021. Another driver of the decrease was the settlement of $32 million of transition payables balances due to Kellanova in the first quarter of 2024, pursuant to the Transition Services Agreement and increased monetization of accounts receivable balances.
We measure free cash flow as net cash provided by operating activities, reduced by expenditures for property additions. We use this non-GAAP financial measure of cash flow to focus management and investors on the amount of cash available for debt repayment, dividend distributions, acquisition opportunities and share repurchases. Our cash flow metric is reconciled to the most comparable GAAP measure below:
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| Year-to-date period ended |
(millions) | June 29, 2024 | July 1, 2023 |
Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 37 |  | $ | 140 |  |
Additions to properties | (47) |  | (60) |  |
Free cash flow | $ | (10) |  | $ | 80 |  |

Investing activities
Our net cash used in investing activities was $47 million for the year-to-date period ended June 29, 2024 compared to $56 million in the comparable prior year period due to timing of capital spending in the current year compared to the prior year.
Financing activities
Our net cash used in financing activities for the year-to-date period ended June 29, 2024 was $33 million compared to net cash used of $82 million during the comparable prior year period. The current year transactions primarily include $27 million of dividend payments to shareowners in the first half of 2024, and $6 million in repayments on credit borrowings compared to $82 million in net transfers to Kellanova in the prior year.
In August of 2024 the Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.16 per share of common stock, payable on September 14, 2024 to shareowners of record as of the close of business on August 31, 2024.
Monetization and Supplier Finance Programs
The Company maintains a monetization agreement with an unaffiliated financial institution specifically designed to factor trade receivables with certain customers that have extended terms. Under this monetization arrangement, from time to time, the Company sells these customers’ trade receivables at a discount on a non-recourse basis. A portion of the cash proceeds is subject to certain restrictions. Transfers under these agreements are accounted for as sales of receivables resulting in the receivables being de-recognized from the Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheet. The monetization program provides for the continuing sale of certain receivables on a revolving basis until the arrangement is terminated by either party; however, the maximum receivables that may be sold at any time is approximately $350 million. Prior to the Spin-Off, the Company participated in Kellanova's monetization program, which was structured similarly but resulted in a higher level of receivables allowed to be sold when compared to the current program in place.
The Company has no retained interest in the receivables sold; however, the Company does have collection and administrative responsibilities for the sold receivables. The Company has not recorded any servicing assets or liabilities as of June 29, 2024 and December 30, 2023 for these agreements as the fair value of these servicing arrangements as well as the fees earned were not material to the financial statements. Accounts receivable sold of $313 million and $266 million remained outstanding under these arrangements as of June 29, 2024 and December 30, 2023, respectively. The proceeds from these sales of receivables are included in Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities in the Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. The recorded net loss on sale of receivables w as $5 million and $9 million for the quarter and year-to-date period ended June 29, 2024, respectively, and $4 million and $8 million for the quart er and year-to-date period ended July 1, 2023, respectively. The recorded loss is included in Other income (expense), net.
The Company also has agreements with third parties to provide accounts payable tracking systems which facilitate participating suppliers’ ability to monitor and, if elected, sell payment obligations from the Company to designated third-party financial institutions. Participating suppliers may, at their sole discretion, make offers to sell one or more payment obligations of the Company prior to their scheduled due dates at a discounted price to participating financial institutions. The Company’s goal is to capture overall supplier savings, in the form of payment terms or vendor funding, and the agreements facilitate the suppliers’ ability to sell payment obligations, while providing them with greater working capital flexibility. The Company has no economic interest in the sale of these suppliers’ receivables and no direct financial relationship with the financial institutions concerning these services. The Company’s obligations to its suppliers, including amounts due and scheduled payment dates, are not impacted by suppliers’ decisions to sell amounts under the arrangements. However, the Company’s right to offset balances due from suppliers against payment obligations is restricted by the agreements for those payment obligations that have been sold by suppliers.
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The payment of these obligations by the Company is included in cash provided by (used in) operating activities in the Unaudited Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows. As of June 29, 2024, $158 million of the Company’s outstanding payment obligations had been placed in the accounts payable tracking system. As of December 30, 2023, $142 million of the Company’s outstanding payment obligations had been placed in the accounts payable tracking system.
Critical accounting estimates
We have included a summary of our critical accounting estimates in our 2023 Annual Report. There have been no material changes to the summary provided in that report.
Forward-looking statements
This Quarterly Report contains a number of “forward-looking statements” with expectations concerning, among other things, sales, margins, advertising, promotion, merchandising, brand building, operating profit, and earnings per share; innovation; the results of the Spin-Off; our strategy, financial principles, and plans; initiatives, improvements and growth; investments; capital expenditures; asset write-offs and expenditures and costs related to productivity or efficiency initiatives; the impact of accounting changes and significant accounting estimates; our ability to meet interest and debt principal repayment obligations; minimum contractual obligations; future common stock repurchases or debt reduction; effective income tax rate; cash flow and core working capital improvements; interest expense; commodity and energy prices; and employee benefit plan costs and funding. Forward-looking statements include predictions of future results or activities and may contain the words “expect,” “believe,” “will,” “can,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “project,” “should,” or words or phrases of similar meaning. For example, forward-looking statements are found in several sections of this MD&A. Our actual results or activities may differ materially from these predictions.
Our future results could be affected by a variety of other factors, including, among others, a decline in demand for ready-to-eat cereals; supply chain disruptions and increases in costs and/or shortages of raw materials, labor, fuels and utilities as a result of geopolitical, economic and market conditions; consumers’ perception of our brands or company; business disruptions; our ability to drive our growth targets to increase revenue and profit; our failure to achieve our targeted cost savings and efficiencies from cost reduction initiatives; our failure to achieve the expected benefits from our supply chain modernization efforts; unanticipated costs and negative financial and other impacts of our planned network consolidation; strategic acquisitions, alliances, divestitures or joint ventures or organic growth opportunities we may pursue in the future; material disruptions at one of our facilities; our ability to attract, develop and retain the highly skilled people we need to support our business; a shortage of labor, our failure to successfully negotiate collectively bargained agreements, or other general inflationary pressures or changes in applicable laws and regulations that could increase labor costs; an increase in our post-retirement benefit-related costs and funding requirements caused by, among other things, volatility in the financial markets, changes in interest rates and actuarial assumptions; our inability to obtain sufficient capital to grow our business and to increase our revenues; an impairment of the carrying value of goodwill or other acquired intangibles; increases in the price of raw materials, including agricultural commodities, packaging, fuel and labor; increases in transportation costs and reduced availability of, or increases in, the price of oil or other fuels; competition, including with respect to retail and shelf space; the changing retail environment and the growing presence of alternative retail channels; the successful development of new products and processes; adverse changes in the global climate or extreme weather conditions; and other risks and uncertainties described in Part I, Item 1A, of our 2023 Annual Report. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report, and we undertake no obligation to publicly update them except as required by law.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
The Company is exposed to certain market risks, which exist as a part of our ongoing business operations. We use derivative financial and commodity instruments, where appropriate, to manage these risks. As a matter of policy, we do not engage in trading or speculative transactions. Refer to Note 7 within Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on our derivative financial and commodity instruments.
Refer to disclosures contained within Part I, Item 7A of our 2023 Annual Report for infomration about market risk to which we are exposed. There have been no material changes in the Company’s market risk during the quarter ended June 29, 2024.
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Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Management of the Company, with the participation of its Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") and Chief Financial Officer ("CFO"), has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), as of the period ending June 29, 2024. Based upon our evaluation, our CEO and our CFO have concluded that, as of the period ending June 29, 2024, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective and provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the applicable rules and forms, and that it is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our CEO and our CFO, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
No changes in our internal controls over financial reporting during the quarter ended June 29, 2024 have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.
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PART II — OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1A. Risk Factors
There have been no material changes in our risk factors from those disclosed in Part I, Item 1A to our 2023 Annual Report. The risk factors disclosed in the 2023 Annual Report in addition to the other information set forth in this Quarterly Report, could materially affect our business, financial condition, or results.
Item 5. Other Information
Insider Trading Arrangements
During the most recent fiscal quarter, none of our directors or officers subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act adopted or terminated any contract, instruction or written plan for the purchase or sale of our securities intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act and/or any “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” (as defined in Item 408(c) of Regulation S-K).
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Item 6. Exhibits
(a)Exhibits:

31.1 | Rule 13a-14(e)/15d-14(a) Certification of Gary Pilnick
31.2 | Rule 13a-14(e)/15d-14(a) Certification of David McKinstray
32.1* | Section 1350 Certification of Gary Pilnick
32.2* | Section 1350 Certification of David McKinstray
101.INS | Inline XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)

*Furnished herewith
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WK KELLOGG CO
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

WK KELLOGG CO
/s/ David McKinstray
David McKinstray
Chief Financial Officer
/s/ Lisa Walter
Lisa Walter
Principal Accounting Officer; Corporate Controller

Date: August 6, 2024
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