Risk Management Activities and Derivative Transactions

TVA is exposed to various market risks. These market risks include risks related to commodity prices, investment prices, interest rates, currency exchange rates, inflation, and counterparty credit and performance risks. To help manage certain of these risks, TVA has entered into various derivative transactions: principally, commodity option contracts, forward contracts, swaps, swaptions, futures, and options on futures. Other than certain derivative instruments in investment funds, it is TVA's policy to enter into these derivative transactions solely for hedging purposes and not for speculative purposes.

Overview of Accounting Treatment

TVA recognizes certain of its derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities on its consolidated balance sheets at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of these instruments depends on (1) whether TVA uses regulatory accounting to defer the derivative gains and losses, (2) whether the derivative instrument has been designated and qualifies for hedge accounting treatment, and (3) if so, the type of hedge relationship (for example, cash flow hedge).

The following tables summarize the accounting treatment that certain of TVA's financial derivative transactions receive.



Summary of Derivative Instruments That Receive Hedge Accounting Treatment (part 1)
			Amount of Mark-to-Market⁽¹⁾ Gain (Loss) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)⁽²⁾ Years Ended September 30
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationship	Objective of Hedge Transaction	Accounting for Derivative Hedging Instrument	2013		2012
Currency swaps	To protect against changes in cash flows caused by changes in foreign currency exchange rates (exchange rate risk)	Cumulative unrealized gains and losses are recorded in OCI and reclassified to interest expense to the extent they are offset by cumulative gains and losses on the hedged transaction	$	78	$	99

Notes

(1) Mark-to-market ("MtM")

(2) Other comprehensive income (loss) ("OCI")



Summary of Derivative Instruments That Receive Hedge Accounting Treatment (part 2)
	Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from OCI to Interest Expense Years Ended September 30
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationship	2013			2012
Currency swaps	$	(1	)	$	(35	)

Note

There were no ineffective portions or amounts excluded from effectiveness testing for any of the periods presented.



Summary of Derivative Instruments That Do Not Receive Hedge Accounting Treatment
			Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivatives Years Ended September 30
Derivative Type	Objective of Derivative	Accounting for Derivative Instrument	2013			2012
Interest rate swaps	To fix short-term debt variable rate to a fixed rate (interest rate risk)	MtM gains and losses are recorded as regulatory assets or liabilities until settlement, at which time the gains/losses are recognized in gain/loss on derivative contracts.	$	—		$	—

Commodity contract derivatives	To protect against fluctuations in market prices of purchased coal or natural gas (price risk)	MtM gains and losses are recorded as regulatory assets or liabilities. Realized gains and losses due to contract settlements are recognized in fuel expense as incurred.	(11		)	(22		)

Commodity derivatives under FTP	To protect against fluctuations in market prices of purchased commodities (price risk)	MtM gains and losses are recorded as regulatory assets or liabilities. Realized gains and losses are recognized in fuel expense or purchased power expense when the related commodity is used in production.	(126		)	(342		)

Note

All of TVA's derivative instruments that do not receive hedge accounting treatment have unrealized gains (losses) that would otherwise be recognized in income but

instead are deferred as regulatory assets and liabilities. As such, there was no related gain (loss) recognized in income for these unrealized gains (losses) for the

years ended 2013 and 2012.



Mark-to-Market Values of TVA Derivatives At September 30
	2013				2012
Derivatives that Receive Hedge Accounting Treatment:
	Balance			Balance Sheet Presentation	Balance			Balance Sheet Presentation
Currency swaps
£200 million Sterling	$	(15	)	Other long-term liabilities	$	(23	)	Other long-term liabilities
£250 million Sterling	51			Other long-term assets	21			Other long-term assets
£150 million Sterling	10			Other long-term assets	(31		)	Other long-term liabilities

Derivatives that Do Not Receive Hedge Accounting Treatment:
	Balance			Balance Sheet Presentation	Balance			Balance Sheet Presentation
Interest rate swaps
$1.0 billion notional	(886		)	Other long-term liabilities	(1,247		)	Other long-term liabilities
$476 million notional	(300		)	Other long-term liabilities	(458		)	Other long-term liabilities
$42 million notional	(13		)	Other long-term liabilities	(18		)	Other long-term liabilities
Commodity contract derivatives	(141		)	Other long-term assets $1; Other current assets $2; Other long-term liabilities $(35); Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(109)	(267		)	Other long-term assets $107; Other current assets $12; Other long-term liabilities $(205); Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(181)
FTP
Margin cash account⁽¹⁾	11			Other current assets	43			Other current assets
Derivatives under FTP⁽²⁾	(166		)	Other current assets $(97); Other long-term liabilities $(36); Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(33)	(228		)	Other long-term assets $2; Other current assets $(104); Other long-term liabilities $(59); Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(67)

Notes

(1) In accordance with certain credit terms, TVA uses leverage to trade financial instruments under the FTP. Therefore, the margin cash account balance does not represent 100 percent of the net market value of the derivative positions outstanding as shown in the Derivatives Under Financial Trading Program table.

(2) The September 30, 2013, and September 30, 2012 balances in the Derivatives Under Financial Trading Program table show all open derivative positions in the FTP.

Cash Flow Hedging Strategy for Currency Swaps

To protect against exchange rate risk related to three British pound sterling denominated Bond transactions, TVA entered into foreign currency hedges at the time the Bond transactions occurred. TVA had the following currency swaps outstanding at September 30, 2013:



Currency Swaps Outstanding At September 30, 2013
Effective Date of Currency Swap Contract	Associated TVA Bond Issues Currency Exposure	Expiration Date of Swap	Overall Effective Cost to TVA
1999	£200 million	2021	5.81%
2001	£250 million	2032	6.59%
2003	£150 million	2043	4.96%

When the dollar strengthens against the British pound sterling, the transaction gain on the Bond liability is offset by a currency exchange loss on the swap contract. Conversely, when the dollar weakens against the British pound sterling, the transaction loss on the Bond liability is offset by an exchange gain on the swap contract. All such exchange gains or losses on the Bond liability are included in Long-term debt, net. The offsetting exchange losses or gains on the swap contracts are recognized in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). If any gain (loss) were to be incurred as a result of the early termination of the foreign currency swap contract, the resulting income (expense) would be amortized over the remaining life of the associated Bond as a component of Interest expense.

Derivatives Not Receiving Hedge Accounting Treatment

Interest Rate Derivatives. TVA uses regulatory accounting treatment to defer the MtM gains and losses on its interest rate swaps. The net deferred unrealized gains and losses are classified as regulatory assets or liabilities on TVA's consolidated balance sheets and are included in the ratemaking formula when the transactions settle. The values of these derivatives are included in Other long-term assets or Other long-term liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets, and realized gains and losses, if any, are included in TVA's consolidated statements of operations.

For the years ended 2013 and 2012, the changes in market value of the interest rate derivatives resulted in deferred unrealized gains (losses) of $524 million and $(168) million, respectively. There were no realized gains or losses for the years ended 2013 and 2012.

Commodity Derivatives. TVA enters into certain derivative contracts for coal and natural gas that require physical delivery of the contracted quantity of the commodity. TVA marks to market all such contracts. At September 30, 2013, and September 30, 2012, TVA's coal contract derivatives had net market values of $(140) million and $(267) million, respectively, which TVA deferred as regulatory assets or liabilities on a gross basis. At September 30, 2013, TVA's coal contract derivatives had terms of up to five years.

The total market value of natural gas derivative contracts was $(1) million at September 30, 2013, and was less than $(1) million at September 30, 2012. At September 30, 2013, natural gas derivative contracts had terms of up to two years.



Commodity Contract Derivatives At September 30
	2013					2012
	Number of Contracts	Notional Amount	Fair Value (MtM)			Number of Contracts	Notional Amount	Fair Value (MtM)
Coal contract derivatives	19	43 million tons	$	(140	)	23	46 million tons	$	(267	)
Natural gas contract derivatives	13	39 million mmBtu	$	(1	)	25	51 million mmBtu	$	—

Derivatives Under FTP. TVA has a FTP under which it may purchase and sell futures, swaps, options, and combinations of these instruments (as long as they are standard in the industry) to hedge TVA’s exposure to (1) the price of natural gas, fuel oil, electricity, coal, emission allowances, nuclear fuel, and other commodities included in TVA’s fuel cost adjustment calculation, (2) the price of construction materials, and (3) contracts for goods priced in or indexed to foreign currencies. The combined transaction limit for the fuel cost adjustment and construction material transactions is $130 million (based on one-day value at risk). In addition, the maximum hedge volume for the construction material transactions is 75 percent of the underlying net notional volume of the material that TVA anticipates using in approved TVA projects, and the market value of all outstanding hedging transactions involving construction materials is limited to $100 million at the execution of any new transaction. The portfolio value at risk limit for the foreign currency transactions is $5 million and is separate and distinct from the $130 million transaction limit discussed above. TVA's policy prohibits trading financial instruments under the FTP for speculative purposes.

At September 30, 2013 and 2012, the risks hedged under the FTP were the economic risks associated with the prices of natural gas, fuel oil, and crude oil. At September 30, 2013 and 2012, TVA had no outstanding coal contract derivatives under the FTP. There were no futures contracts or options contracts outstanding under the FTP at September 30, 2013, and swap contracts under the FTP had remaining terms of five years or less.



Derivatives Under Financial Trading Program
	At September 30, 2013				At September 30, 2012
	Notional Amount	Fair Value (MtM) (in millions)			Notional Amount	Fair Value (MtM) (in millions)
Natural gas (in mmBtu)
Futures contracts	—	$	—		—	$	—
Swap contracts	152,922,500	(169		)	294,462,500	(232		)
Option contracts	—	—			—	—
Natural gas financial positions	152,922,500	$	(169	)	294,462,500	$	(232	)

Fuel oil/crude oil (in barrels)
Futures contracts	—	$	—		—	$	—
Swap contracts	1,205,000	3			1,390,000	4
Option contracts	—	—			—	—
Fuel oil/crude oil financial positions	1,205,000	$	3		1,390,000	$	4

Note

Due to the right of setoff and method of settlement, TVA elects to record commodity derivatives under the FTP based on its net commodity position with the broker or other counterparty. Notional amounts disclosed represent the net absolute value of contractual amounts.

TVA defers all FTP unrealized gains (losses) as regulatory liabilities (assets) and records realized gains or losses to match the delivery period of the underlying commodity contract. In addition to the open commodity derivatives disclosed above, TVA had closed derivative contracts with market values of $(8) million at September 30, 2013, and $(21) million at September 30, 2012. TVA experienced the following unrealized and realized gains and losses related to the FTP at the dates and during the periods, as applicable, set forth in the tables below:



Financial Trading Program Unrealized Gains (Losses) At September 30

FTP unrealized gains (losses) deferred as regulatory liabilities (assets)	2013			2012

Natural gas	$	(169	)	$	(232	)
Fuel oil/crude oil	3			4
Coal	—			—



Financial Trading Program Realized Gains (Losses) Years Ended September 30

Decrease (increase) in fuel expense	2013			2012

Natural gas	$	(78	)	$	(116	)
Fuel oil/crude oil	4			10
Coal	(1		)	—



Financial Trading Program Realized Gains (Losses) Years Ended September 30

Decrease (increase) in purchased power expense	2013			2012

Natural gas	$	(51	)	$	(236	)

Other Derivative Instruments

Investment Fund Derivatives. Investment funds consist primarily of funds held in the NDT, ART, and SERP. All securities in the trusts are classified as trading. See Note 15 — Investments for a discussion of the trusts' objectives and the types of investments included in the various trusts. These trusts may invest in derivative instruments which may include swaps, futures, options, forwards, and other instruments. At September 30, 2013, and September 30, 2012, the fair value of derivative instruments in these trusts was not material to TVA's consolidated financial statements.

Collateral. TVA's interest rate swaps and its currency swaps contain contract provisions that require a party to post collateral (in a form such as cash or a letter of credit) when the party's liability balance under the agreement exceeds a certain threshold. At September 30, 2013, the aggregate fair value of all derivative instruments with credit-risk related contingent features that were in a liability position was $1.2 billion. TVA's collateral obligations at September 30, 2013, under these arrangements, was $0.8 billion, for which TVA had posted $0.8 billion in letters of credit. These letters of credit reduce the available balance under the related credit facilities. TVA's assessment of the risk of its nonperformance includes a reduction in its exposure under the contract as a result of this posted collateral.

For all of its derivative instruments with credit-risk related contingent features:


•	If TVA remains a majority-owned U.S. government entity but Standard & Poor's ("S&P") or Moody's Investors Service ("Moody's") downgrades TVA's credit rating to AA or Aa2, respectively, TVA's collateral obligations would likely increase by $22 million; and


•	If TVA ceases to be majority-owned by the U.S. government, TVA's credit rating would likely be downgraded and TVA would be required to post additional collateral.

Counterparty Credit Risk

Credit risk is the exposure to economic loss that would occur as a result of a counterparty's nonperformance of its contractual obligations. Where exposed to counterparty credit risk, TVA analyzes the counterparty's financial condition prior to entering into an agreement, establishes credit limits, monitors the appropriateness of those limits, as well as any changes in the creditworthiness of the counterparty on an ongoing basis, and employs credit mitigation measures, such as collateral or prepayment arrangements and master purchase and sale agreements, to mitigate credit risk.

Credit of Customers. The majority of TVA's counterparty credit risk is associated with trade accounts receivable from delivered power sales to LPCs, all located in the Tennessee Valley region. To a lesser extent, TVA is exposed to credit risk from directly served industries and federal agencies, and from exchange power arrangements with a small number of investor-owned regional utilities, related to either delivered power or the replacement of open positions of longer-term purchased power or fuel agreements. TVA had concentrations of accounts receivable from three customers that represented 27 percent of total outstanding accounts receivable at September 30, 2013, and 26 percent of total outstanding accounts receivable at September 30, 2012. Power sales to TVA's largest directly served industrial customer represented three percent and five percent of TVA's total operating revenues for the years ended September 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. TVA has determined that this customer has the equivalent of a non-investment grade credit rating. As a result of its credit ratings, this customer has provided credit assurance to TVA under the terms of its power contract. On May 24, 2013, the customer announced the cessation of enrichment activities at one of its sites. TVA and the customer subsequently completed agreements to extend power sales to facilitate the cessation of enrichment activities and to support non-enrichment activities at the site at a greatly reduced level. These sales may continue to be extended.

Credit of Derivative Counterparties. TVA has entered into derivative contracts for hedging purposes, and TVA's NDT fund and qualified defined benefit pension plan have entered into derivative contracts for investment purposes. If a counterparty to one of TVA's hedging transactions defaults, TVA might incur substantial costs in connection with entering into a replacement hedging transaction. If a counterparty to the derivative contracts into which the NDT fund and the pension plan have entered for investment purposes defaults, the value of the investment could decline significantly or perhaps become worthless. TVA has concentrations of credit risk from the banking and coal industries because multiple companies in these industries serve as counterparties to TVA in various derivative transactions. At September 30, 2013, all of TVA's currency swaps, interest rate swaps, and commodity derivatives under the FTP were with counterparties whose Moody's credit rating was Baa1 or higher. At September 30, 2013, all of TVA's coal contract derivatives were with counterparties whose Moody's credit rating, or TVA's internal analysis when such information was unavailable, was B3 or higher. See Derivatives Not Receiving Hedge Accounting Treatment.

TVA currently utilizes two active futures commission merchants ("FCMs") to clear commodity contracts, including futures, options, and similar financial derivatives. These transactions are executed under the FTP by the FCMs on exchanges on behalf of TVA. TVA maintains margin cash accounts with the FCMs. See notes to the Mark-to-Market Values of TVA Derivatives table.

Credit of Suppliers. If one of TVA's fuel or purchased power suppliers fails to perform under the terms of its contract with TVA, TVA might lose the money that it paid to the supplier under the contract and have to purchase replacement fuel or power on the spot market, perhaps at a significantly higher price than TVA was entitled to pay under the contract. In addition, TVA might not be able to acquire replacement fuel or power in a timely manner and thus might be unable to satisfy its own obligations to deliver power. To help ensure a reliable supply of coal, TVA had coal contracts with multiple suppliers at September 30, 2013. The contracted supply of coal is sourced from multiple geographic regions of the United States and is to be delivered via various transportation methods (for example, barge, rail, and truck). TVA purchases the majority of its natural gas requirements from a variety of suppliers under short-term contracts.

TVA has a power purchase agreement that expires on March 31, 2032, with a supplier of electricity for 440 megawatts ("MW") of summer net capability from a lignite-fired generating plant. TVA has determined that the supplier has the equivalent of a non-investment grade credit rating.