Other long-term liabilities consist primarily of liabilities related to certain derivative agreements as well as liabilities related to environmental compliance and remediation and long-term project cost accruals. The table below summarizes the types and amounts of Other long-term liabilities:


Other Long-Term Liabilities At September 30 (in millions)
	2025		2024(1)
Interest rate swap liabilities	$	643	$	792
Environmental compliance and remediation costs	274		226
Long-term project cost accruals	204		140
Currency swap liabilities	108		109
Operating lease liabilities	63		88
Advances for construction	61		55
Long-term deferred compensation	54		50
EnergyRight® financing obligation	53		52

Long-term deferred revenue	39		48
Accrued long-term service agreements	25		7

Commodity contract derivative liabilities	12		64
Other	70		81
Total other long-term liabilities	$	1,606	$	1,712

(1) At September 30, 2024, $21 million previously classified as Other (a component of Other long-term liabilities) has been reclassified to Environmental compliance and remediation costs ($14 million) and Accrued long-term service agreements ($7 million).

Interest Rate Swap Liabilities. TVA uses interest rate swaps to fix variable short-term debt to a fixed rate. The values of these derivatives are included in Other current assets, Accounts payable and accrued liabilities, Accrued interest, and Other long-term liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. See Note 16 — Risk Management Activities and Derivative Transactions — Overview of Accounting Treatment and Derivatives Not Receiving Hedge Accounting Treatment — Interest Rate Derivatives for information regarding the interest rate swap liabilities.

Environmental Compliance and Remediation Costs. Environmental compliance and remediation costs represent certain costs associated with environmental remediation activities, including but not limited to those involving environmental cleanup activities and groundwater activities. The current and long-term portions of environmental compliance and remediation costs are reported in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities and Other long-term liabilities, respectively, on TVA's Consolidated Balance Sheets. At September 30, 2025 and 2024, the current amount of the environmental compliance and remediation costs reported in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities was $52 million and $3 million, respectively.

Long-Term Project Cost Accruals. Long-term project cost accruals represent the unpaid liability associated with major construction projects and other project expenditures. TVA accrues these costs based on level of completion of the vendor's performance obligation, and the long-term portion represents amounts that will not be paid within the next 12 months. The current and long-term portions of Long-term project cost accruals are reported in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities and Other long-term liabilities, respectively, on TVA's Consolidated Balance Sheets. At September 30, 2025 and 2024, the current amount of the long-term project cost accruals reported in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities was $256 million and $124 million, respectively.

Currency Swap Liabilities. To protect against exchange rate risk related to British pound sterling denominated Bond transactions, TVA entered into foreign currency hedges. The values of these derivatives are included in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities and Other long-term liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. See Note 16 — Risk Management Activities and Derivative Transactions — Overview of Accounting Treatment and Cash Flow Hedging Strategy for Currency Swaps for more information regarding the currency swap liabilities.

Operating Lease Liabilities. TVA's operating leases consist primarily of railcars, equipment, real estate/land, and power generating facilities. At September 30, 2025 and 2024, the current portion of TVA's operating leases reported in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities was $46 million and $63 million, respectively. See Note 9 — Leases for more information regarding leases.

Advances for Construction. TVA receives refundable and non-refundable advances for construction that are generally intended to defray all or a portion of the costs of building or extending TVA’s existing power assets. Amounts received are deferred as a liability with the long-term portion representing amounts that will not be recognized within the next 12 months. As projects meet milestones or other contractual obligations, the refundable portion is refunded to the customer and the non-refundable portion is recognized as contributions in aid of construction and offsets the cost of plant assets. At September 30, 2025 and 2024, the current amount of advances for construction recorded in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities was $155 million and $60 million, respectively.

Long-Term Deferred Compensation. TVA provides compensation arrangements to engage and retain certain employees, both executive and non-executive, which are designed to provide participants with the ability to defer compensation to future periods. The current and long-term portions are recorded in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities and Other long-term liabilities, respectively, on TVA’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. At September 30, 2025 and 2024, the current amount of deferred compensation recorded in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities was $70 million and $74 million, respectively.

EnergyRight® Financing Obligation. TVA purchases certain loans receivable from its LPCs in association with the EnergyRight® program. The current and long-term portions of the resulting financing obligation are reported in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities and Other long-term liabilities, respectively, on TVA's Consolidated Balance Sheets. At both September 30, 2025 and 2024, the carrying amount of the financing obligation reported in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities was $13 million. See Note 10 — Other Long-Term Assets for information regarding the associated loans receivable.

Long-Term Deferred Revenue. Long-term deferred revenue represents payments received that exceed services rendered resulting in the deferral of revenue. This long-term portion represents amounts that will not be recognized within the next 12 months primarily related to fiber and transmission agreements. The current and long-term portions of the deferral are recorded in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities and Other long-term liabilities, respectively, on TVA’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. At September 30, 2025 and 2024, the current amount of deferred revenue recorded in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities was $25 million and $28 million, respectively.

Accrued Long-Term Service Agreements. TVA has entered into various long-term service agreements for major maintenance activities at certain of its combined cycle plants. TVA uses the direct expense method of accounting for these arrangements. TVA accrues for parts when it takes ownership and for contractor services when they are rendered. Under certain of these agreements, parts received and services rendered exceed payments made. The current and long-term portions of the resulting obligation are recorded in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities and Other long-term liabilities, respectively, on TVA's Consolidated Balance Sheets. At September 30, 2025 and 2024, the current amount of accrued long-term service agreements recorded in Accounts payable and accrued liabilities was $17 million and $16 million, respectively.

Commodity Contract Derivative Liabilities. TVA enters into certain derivative contracts for natural gas that require physical delivery of the contracted quantity of the commodity as well as certain financial derivative contracts to hedge exposure to the price of natural gas. See Note 16 — Risk Management Activities and Derivative Transactions — Derivatives Not Receiving Hedge Accounting Treatment — Commodity Contract Derivatives and — Commodity Derivatives under the FHP for a discussion of TVA's commodity contract derivatives.