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Risk Management Activities and Derivative Transactions (Tables) | 6 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2025
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract] |  |
Summary of Derivative Instruments That Receive Hedge Accounting Treatment | The following tables summarize the accounting treatment that certain of TVA's financial derivative transactions receive:
Summary of Derivative Instruments That Receive Hedge Accounting Treatment (part 1) Amount of Mark-to-Market Gain (Loss) Recognized in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (in millions)
|  |  |  |  |  | Three Months Ended March 31 |  | Six Months Ended March 31 |
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationship |  | Objective of Hedge Transaction |  | Accounting for Derivative Hedging Instrument |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |
Currency swaps |  | To protect against changes in cash flows caused by changes in foreign currency exchange rates (exchange rate risk) |  | Unrealized gains and losses are recorded in AOCI and reclassified to Interest expense to the extent they are offset by gains and losses on the hedged transaction |  | $ | (4) |  |  | $ | (4) |  |  | $ | (23) |  |  | $ | 16 |  |
Summary of Derivative Instruments That Receive Hedge Accounting Treatment (part 2)(1) Amount of Gain (Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) to Interest Expense (in millions)
|  | Three Months Ended March 31 |  | Six Months Ended March 31 |
Derivatives in Cash Flow Hedging Relationship |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |
Currency swaps |  | $ | 14 |  |  | $ | (6) |  |  | $ | (23) |  |  | $ | 13 |  |
Note (1) There were no amounts excluded from effectiveness testing for any of the periods presented. Based on forecasted foreign currency exchange rates, TVA expects to reclassify approximately $3 million of gains from Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI") to Interest expense within the next 12 months to offset amounts anticipated to be recorded in Interest expense related to the forecasted exchange loss on the debt. | [1]
Summary of Derivative Instruments That Do Not Receive Hedge Accounting Treatment |
Summary of Derivative Instruments That Do Not Receive Hedge Accounting Treatment Amount of Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income on Derivatives(1) (in millions)
|  |  |  |  |  | Three Months Ended March 31 |  | Six Months Ended March 31
Derivative Type |  | Objective of Derivative |  | Accounting for Derivative Instrument |  | 2025 |  | 2024 |  | 2025 |  | 2024
Interest rate swaps |  | To fix short-term debt variable rate to a fixed rate (interest rate risk) |  | Mark-to-market gains and losses are recorded as regulatory liabilities and assets, respectively Realized gains and losses are recognized in Interest expense when incurred during the settlement period and are presented in operating cash flow |  | $ | (12) |  |  | $ | (7) |  |  | $ | (22) |  |  | $ | (15) |
Commodity derivatives under the FHP |  | To protect against fluctuations in market prices of purchased commodities (price risk) |  | Mark-to-market gains and losses are recorded as regulatory liabilities and assets, respectively Realized gains and losses are recognized in Fuel expense or Purchased power expense as the contracts settle to match the delivery period of the underlying commodity(2) |  | (14) |  |  | (101) |  |  | (51) |  |  | (155) |
Notes (1) All of TVA's derivative instruments that do not receive hedge accounting treatment have unrealized gains (losses) that would otherwise be recognized in income but instead are deferred as regulatory assets and liabilities. As such, there were no related gains (losses) recognized in income for these unrealized gains (losses) for the three and six months ended March 31, 2025 and for the three and six months ended March 31, 2024. (2) Of the amount recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2025, $12 million and $2 million were reported in Fuel expense and Purchased power expense, respectively, and of the amount recognized for the three months ended March 31, 2024, $83 million and $18 million were reported in Fuel expense and Purchased power expense, respectively. Of the amount recognized for the six months ended March 31, 2025, $42 million and $9 million were reported in Fuel expense and Purchased power expense, respectively, and of the amount recognized for the six months ended March 31, 2024, $127 million and $28 million were reported in Fuel expense and Purchased power expense, respectively. |
Fair Value of TVA Derivatives |
Fair Values of TVA Derivatives (in millions)
| At March 31, 2025 |  | At September 30, 2024
Derivatives That Receive Hedge Accounting Treatment:
| Balance |  | Balance Sheet Presentation |  | Balance |  | Balance Sheet Presentation
Currency swaps |  |  |  |  |  |  |
£250 million Sterling | $ | (63) |  |  | Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(5); Other long-term liabilities $(58) |  | $ | (49) |  |  | Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(4); Other long-term liabilities $(45)
£150 million Sterling | (76) |  |  | Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(3); Other long-term liabilities $(73) |  | (67) |  |  | Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(3); Other long-term liabilities $(64)
Derivatives That Do Not Receive Hedge Accounting Treatment:
| Balance |  | Balance Sheet Presentation |  | Balance |  | Balance Sheet Presentation
Interest rate swaps |  |  |  |  |  |  |
$1.0 billion notional | $ | (531) |  |  | Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(10); Accrued interest $(28); Other long-term liabilities $(493) |  | $ | (622) |  |  | Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(10); Accrued interest $(26); Other long-term liabilities $(586)
$476 million notional | (176) |  |  | Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(3); Accrued interest $(9); Other long-term liabilities $(164) |  | (218) |  |  | Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(3); Accrued interest $(9); Other long-term liabilities $(206)
Commodity contract derivatives | 5 |  |  | Other current assets $10; Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(2); Other long-term liabilities $(3) |  | 2 |  |  | Other current assets $5; Other long-term assets $2; Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(3); Other long-term liabilities $(2)
Commodity derivatives under the FHP | 95 |  |  | Accounts receivable $2; Other long-term assets $8; Other current assets $96; Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(1); Other long-term liabilities $(10) |  | (161) |  |  | Accounts payable and accrued liabilities $(99); Other long-term liabilities $(62)
Commodity Contract Derivatives |
Commodity Contract Derivatives
| At March 31, 2025 |  | At September 30, 2024
| Number of Contracts |  | Notional Amount |  | Fair Value (MtM) (in millions) |  | Number of Contracts |  | Notional Amount |  | Fair Value (MtM) (in millions)
Natural gas contract derivatives | 39 |  | 468 million mmBtu |  | $ | 5 |  |  | 45 |  | 321 million mmBtu |  | $ | 2 |
Offsetting Assets and Liabilities | The amounts of TVA's derivative instruments as reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets are shown in the table below:
Derivative Assets and Liabilities(1) (in millions)
| At March 31, 2025 |  |  |  |  | At September 30, 2024
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |
Commodity contract derivatives | $ | 10 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 7 |
Commodity derivatives under the FHP(2) | 106 |  |  |  |  |  | — |
Total derivatives subject to master netting or similar arrangement | $ | 116 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 7 |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |
Currency swaps | $ | 139 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 116 |
Interest rate swaps(3) | 707 |  |  |  |  |  | 840 |
Commodity contract derivatives | 5 |  |  |  |  |  | 5 |
Commodity derivatives under the FHP(2) | 11 |  |  |  |  |  | 161 |
Total derivatives subject to master netting or similar arrangement | $ | 862 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 1,122 |
Notes (1) Offsetting amounts include counterparty netting of derivative contracts. Except as discussed below, there were no other material offsetting amounts on TVA's Consolidated Balance Sheets at either March 31, 2025, or September 30, 2024. (2) At March 31, 2025, the gross derivative asset and gross derivative liability were $122 million and $27 million, respectively, with offsetting amounts for each totaling $16 million. At September 30, 2024, the gross derivative asset and gross derivative liability were $4 million and $165 million, respectively, with offsetting amounts for each totaling $4 million. (3) Letters of credit of $465 million and $535 million were posted as collateral at March 31, 2025, and September 30, 2024, respectively, to partially secure the liability positions of one of the interest rate swaps in accordance with the collateral requirements for this derivative. |
Schedule of Derivative Instruments Commodity Contracts Under FHP |
Commodity Derivatives under Financial Hedging Program(1)
| At March 31, 2025 |  | At September 30, 2024
| Number of Contracts |  | Notional Amount |  | Fair Value (MtM) (in millions) |  | Number of Contracts |  | Notional Amount |  | Fair Value (MtM) (in millions)
Natural gas swap contracts | 161 |  | 244 | million mmBtu |  | $ | 95 |  |  | 126 |  | 230 | million mmBtu |  | $ | (161) |
Note (1) Fair value amounts presented are based on the net commodity position with the counterparty. Notional amounts disclosed represent the net value of contractual amounts. |
[1] | There were no amounts excluded from effectiveness testing for any of the periods presented. Based on forecasted foreign currency exchange rates, TVA expects to reclassify approximately $3 million of gains from Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("AOCI") to Interest expense within the next 12 months to offset amounts anticipated to be recorded in Interest expense related to the forecasted exchange loss on the debt.

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