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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Components of Income Tax Expense
Our income tax expense as presented in the consolidated financial statements is summarized as follows:
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Consolidated statements of operations:
 
 
 
 
 
Current income taxes
$
188,356

 
$
57,412

 
$
75,568

Deferred income taxes (benefits)
(46,730
)
 
(10,408
)
 
41,916

Total income tax expense included in consolidated statements of operations
141,626

 
47,004

 
117,484

Stockholders' equity:
 
 
 
 
 
Expense (benefit) relating to:
 
 
 
 
 
Change in net unrealized investment losses
177,162

 
74,471

 
(279,860
)
Share-based compensation

 
(527
)
 
(3,649
)
Total income tax expense (benefit) included in consolidated financial statements
$
318,788

 
$
120,948

 
$
(166,025
)
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation
Income tax expense in the consolidated statements of operations differed from the amount computed at the applicable statutory federal income tax rate of 35% as follows:
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Income before income taxes
$
316,271

 
$
130,247

 
$
337,314

 
 
 
 
 
 
Income tax expense on income before income taxes
$
110,695

 
$
45,586

 
$
118,060

Tax effect of:
 
 
 
 
 
State income taxes
1,961

 
2,559

 
2,924

Tax exempt net investment income
(4,288
)
 
(2,167
)
 
(3,834
)
Impact of Tax Reform
35,932

 

 

Other
(2,674
)
 
1,026

 
334

Income tax expense
$
141,626

 
$
47,004

 
$
117,484

Effective tax rate
44.8
%
 
36.1
%
 
34.8
%
Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to the deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2017 and 2016, are as follows:
 
December 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
(Dollars in thousands)
Deferred income tax assets:
 
 
 
Policy benefit reserves
$
1,842,049

 
$
2,354,786

Other than temporary impairments
11,262

 
15,681

Amounts due reinsurer
6,852

 
1,321

Other policyholder funds
3,724

 
6,474

Deferred compensation
3,827

 
7,963

Share-based compensation
3,383

 
5,407

State net operating loss carryforwards
3,196

 
3,745

Other
10,253

 
11,367

Gross deferred tax assets
1,884,546

 
2,406,744

Deferred income tax liabilities:
 
 
 
Deferred policy acquisition costs and deferred sales inducements
(1,212,509
)
 
(1,951,333
)
Net unrealized gains on available for sale fixed maturity and equity securities
(220,533
)
 
(170,925
)
Derivative instruments
(179,776
)
 
(75,405
)
Policy benefit reserves
(197,233
)
 

Investment income items
(34,849
)
 
(39,118
)
Other
(1,499
)
 
(1,385
)
Gross deferred tax liabilities
(1,846,399
)
 
(2,238,166
)
Net deferred income tax asset
$
38,147

 
$
168,578