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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Components of Income Tax Expense Our income tax expense as presented in the consolidated financial statements is summarized as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
202020192018
(Dollars in thousands)
Consolidated statements of operations:
Current income taxes$3,430 $12,528 $120,289 
Deferred income taxes (benefits)141,071 56,947 (12,563)
Total income tax expense included in consolidated statements of operations144,501 69,475 107,726 
Stockholders' equity:
Expense (benefit) relating to:
Adoption of expected credit loss model(2,543)— — 
Change in net unrealized investment losses247,578 412,117 (240,459)
Total income tax expense (benefit) included in consolidated financial statements$389,536 $481,592 $(132,733)
Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation
Income tax expense in the consolidated statements of operations differed from the amount computed at the applicable statutory federal income tax rates of 21% for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018 as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
202020192018
(Dollars in thousands)
Income before income taxes$815,961 $315,565 $565,742 
Income tax expense on income before income taxes$171,352 $66,269 $118,806 
Tax effect of:
State income taxes5,749 5,111 5,777 
Tax exempt net investment income(4,602)(4,385)(4,223)
Tax rate differential on net operating loss carryback(30,041)— — 
Worthless stock deduction— — (7,448)
Other2,043 2,480 (5,186)
Income tax expense$144,501 $69,475 $107,726 
Effective tax rate17.7 %22.0 %19.0 %
Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to the deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2020 and 2019, are as follows:
December 31,
20202019
(Dollars in thousands)
Deferred income tax assets:
Policy benefit reserves$1,463,227 $1,733,672 
Credit losses/Impairments28,519 15,166 
Amounts due reinsurer— 8,784 
Other policyholder funds3,789 4,359 
Deferred compensation2,161 3,705 
Share-based compensation2,189 2,775 
Net operating loss carryforwards— 37,509 
Other3,569 14,677 
Gross deferred tax assets1,503,454 1,820,647 
Deferred income tax liabilities:
Deferred policy acquisition costs and deferred sales inducements(1,146,016)(1,303,385)
Net unrealized gains on available for sale fixed maturity securities(639,769)(392,189)
Derivative instruments(119,444)(109,287)
Policy benefit reserves(123,270)(147,924)
Investment income items(28,719)(42,105)
Amounts due reinsurer(5,636)— 
Other(4,603)(3,654)
Gross deferred tax liabilities(2,067,457)(1,998,544)
Net deferred income tax liability$(564,003)$(177,897)