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Mortgage Loans on Real Estate (Tables) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023
Receivables [Abstract] |
Summary of Mortgage Loan Portfolios | Our mortgage loan portfolios are summarized in the following table. There were commitments outstanding of $786.4 million at December 31, 2023.
| December 31,
| 2023 |  | 2022
| (Dollars in thousands)
Commercial mortgage loans: |  |  |
Principal outstanding | $ | 3,550,204 |  |  | $ | 3,560,903 |
Deferred fees and costs, net | (2,494) |  |  | (6,345) |
Unamortized discounts and premiums, net | (2,711) |  |  | — |
Amortized cost | 3,544,999 |  |  | 3,554,558 |
Valuation allowance | (17,902) |  |  | (22,428) |
Commercial mortgage loans, carrying value | 3,527,097 |  |  | 3,532,130 |
Agricultural mortgage loans: |  |  |
Principal outstanding | 581,287 |  |  | 567,630 |
Deferred fees and costs, net | (1,654) |  |  | (1,667) |
Amortized cost | 579,633 |  |  | 565,963 |
Valuation allowance | (2,590) |  |  | (1,021) |
Agricultural mortgage loans, carrying value | 577,043 |  |  | 564,942 |
Residential mortgage loans: |  |  |
Principal outstanding | 3,384,737 |  |  | 2,807,652 |
Deferred fees and costs, net | 558 |  |  | 1,909 |
Unamortized discounts and premiums, net | 65,802 |  |  | 55,917 |
Amortized cost | 3,451,097 |  |  | 2,865,478 |
Valuation allowance | (17,643) |  |  | (13,523) |
Residential mortgage loans, carrying value | 3,433,454 |  |  | 2,851,955 |
Mortgage loans, carrying value | $ | 7,537,594 |  |  | $ | 6,949,027 |
Commercial Mortgage Loan Portfolio Summarized by Geographic Region and Property Type | The commercial mortgage loan portfolio is summarized by geographic region and property type as follows:
| December 31,
| 2023 |  | 2022
| Principal |  | Percent |  | Principal |  | Percent
| (Dollars in thousands)
Geographic distribution |  |  |  |  |  |  |
East | $ | 471,707 |  |  | 13.3 | % |  | $ | 502,659 |  |  | 14.1 | %
Middle Atlantic | 274,017 |  |  | 7.7 | % |  | 280,993 |  |  | 7.9 | %
Mountain | 404,143 |  |  | 11.4 | % |  | 416,307 |  |  | 11.7 | %
New England | 87,041 |  |  | 2.4 | % |  | 73,631 |  |  | 2.1 | %
Pacific | 835,085 |  |  | 23.5 | % |  | 858,812 |  |  | 24.1 | %
South Atlantic | 927,547 |  |  | 26.1 | % |  | 934,007 |  |  | 26.2 | %
West North Central | 183,856 |  |  | 5.2 | % |  | 205,568 |  |  | 5.8 | %
West South Central | 328,918 |  |  | 9.3 | % |  | 288,926 |  |  | 8.1 | %
International | 37,890 |  |  | 1.1 | % |  | — |  |  | — | %
| $ | 3,550,204 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 3,560,903 |  |  | 100.0 | %
Property type distribution |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Office | $ | 360,328 |  |  | 10.1 | % |  | $ | 388,978 |  |  | 10.9 | %
Retail | 801,977 |  |  | 22.6 | % |  | 896,351 |  |  | 25.2 | %
Industrial/Warehouse | 940,546 |  |  | 26.5 | % |  | 866,623 |  |  | 24.3 | %
Apartment | 1,047,740 |  |  | 29.5 | % |  | 912,984 |  |  | 25.6 | %
Hotel | 319,733 |  |  | 9.0 | % |  | 285,271 |  |  | 8.0 | %
Mixed Use/Other | 79,880 |  |  | 2.3 | % |  | 210,696 |  |  | 6.0 | %
| $ | 3,550,204 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 3,560,903 |  |  | 100.0 | %
Rollforward of Valuation Allowance on Mortgage Loan Portfolios | The following table represents a rollforward of the valuation allowance on our mortgage loan portfolios:
| Year Ended December 31, 2023
| Commercial |  | Agricultural |  | Residential |  | Total
| (Dollars in thousands)
Beginning allowance balance | $ | (22,428) |  |  | $ | (1,021) |  |  | $ | (13,523) |  |  | $ | (36,972) |
Charge-offs | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11 |  |  | 11 |
Recoveries | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Change in provision for credit losses | 4,526 |  |  | (1,569) |  |  | (4,131) |  |  | (1,174) |
Ending allowance balance | $ | (17,902) |  |  | $ | (2,590) |  |  | $ | (17,643) |  |  | $ | (38,135) |
| Year Ended December 31, 2022
| Commercial |  | Agricultural |  | Residential |  | Total
| (Dollars in thousands)
Beginning allowance balance | $ | (17,926) |  |  | $ | (519) |  |  | $ | (5,579) |  |  | $ | (24,024) |
Charge-offs | 501 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 501 |
Recoveries | 1,677 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,677 |
Change in provision for credit losses | (6,680) |  |  | (502) |  |  | (7,944) |  |  | (15,126) |
Ending allowance balance | $ | (22,428) |  |  | $ | (1,021) |  |  | $ | (13,523) |  |  | $ | (36,972) |
Mortgage Loans By Credit Quality Indicator | The amortized cost of our commercial mortgage loan portfolio by LTV and DSC ratios based on the most recent information collected was as follows at December 31, 2023 and 2022 (by year of origination):
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | Prior | Total
As of December 31, 2023: | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV
Debt Service Coverage Ratio: | (Dollars in thousands)
Greater than or equal to 1.5 | $ | 3,444 |  | 46 | % | $ | 285,481 |  | 62 | % | $ | 272,661 |  | 57 | % | $ | 370,299 |  | 51 | % | $ | 449,973 |  | 55 | % | $ | 1,056,159 |  | 44 | % | $ | 2,438,017 |  | 50 | %
Greater than or equal to 1.2 and less than 1.5 | — |  | — | % | 76,122 |  | 49 | % | 4,500 |  | 55 | % | 36,534 |  | 57 | % | 108,232 |  | 64 | % | 177,489 |  | 57 | % | 402,877 |  | 58 | %
Greater than or equal to 1.0 and less than 1.2 | 40,727 |  | 38 | % | 105,578 |  | 32 | % | 328,722 |  | 45 | % | 28,935 |  | 54 | % | — |  | — | % | 63,972 |  | 71 | % | 567,934 |  | 46 | %
Less than 1.0 | — |  | — | % | 53,470 |  | 54 | % | 26,960 |  | 52 | % | — |  | — | % | 2,545 |  | 80 | % | 53,196 |  | 52 | % | 136,171 |  | 53 | %
Total | $ | 44,171 |  | 39 | % | $ | 520,651 |  | 53 | % | $ | 632,843 |  | 51 | % | $ | 435,768 |  | 52 | % | $ | 560,750 |  | 57 | % | $ | 1,350,816 |  | 47 | % | $ | 3,544,999 |  | 51 | %
| 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | Prior | Total
As of December 31, 2022: | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV
Debt Service Coverage Ratio: | (Dollars in thousands)
Greater than or equal to 1.5 | $ | 249,328 |  | 63 | % | $ | 257,746 |  | 61 | % | $ | 421,391 |  | 57 | % | $ | 429,596 |  | 58 | % | $ | 325,117 |  | 53 | % | $ | 813,319 |  | 44 | % | $ | 2,496,497 |  | 53 | %
Greater than or equal to 1.2 and less than 1.5 | 6,488 |  | 70 | % | 123,038 |  | 55 | % | 46,804 |  | 58 | % | 115,977 |  | 66 | % | 67,642 |  | 67 | % | 145,703 |  | 60 | % | 505,652 |  | 62 | %
Greater than or equal to 1.0 and less than 1.2 | 170,059 |  | 52 | % | 211,684 |  | 43 | % | 18,144 |  | 79 | % | 39,396 |  | 73 | % | 10,348 |  | 76 | % | 58,021 |  | 47 | % | 507,652 |  | 51 | %
Less than 1.0 | — |  | — | % | — |  | — | % | — |  | — | % | 6,107 |  | 64 | % | 13,025 |  | 70 | % | 25,625 |  | 65 | % | 44,757 |  | 66 | %
Total | $ | 425,875 |  | 59 | % | $ | 592,468 |  | 53 | % | $ | 486,339 |  | 58 | % | $ | 591,076 |  | 61 | % | $ | 416,132 |  | 57 | % | $ | 1,042,668 |  | 47 | % | $ | 3,554,558 |  | 54 | %
The amortized cost of our agricultural mortgage loan portfolio by LTV and DSC ratios based on the most recent information collected was as follows at December 31, 2023 and 2022 (by year of origination):
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | Prior | Total
As of December 31, 2023: | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV
Debt Service Coverage Ratio: | (Dollars in thousands)
Greater than or equal to 1.5 | $ | 26,890 |  | 59 | % | $ | 61,374 |  | 54 | % | $ | 46,060 |  | 57 | % | $ | 91,060 |  | 46 | % | $ | — |  | — | % | $ | 34,000 |  | 42 | % | $ | 259,384 |  | 50 | %
Greater than or equal to 1.2 and less than 1.5 | 17,798 |  | 59 | % | 89,548 |  | 54 | % | 51,819 |  | 52 | % | 27,433 |  | 32 | % | — |  | — | % | — |  | — | % | 186,598 |  | 51 | %
Greater than or equal to 1.0 and less than 1.2 | 3,988 |  | 43 | % | 3,080 |  | 55 | % | 9,246 |  | 57 | % | 902 |  | 59 | % | — |  | — | % | — |  | — | % | 17,216 |  | 53 | %
Less than 1.0 | — |  | — | % | 38,675 |  | 37 | % | 26,514 |  | 51 | % | 49,105 |  | 48 | % | 2,141 |  | 33 | % | — |  | — | % | 116,435 |  | 45 | %
Total | $ | 48,676 |  | 58 | % | $ | 192,677 |  | 51 | % | $ | 133,639 |  | 54 | % | $ | 168,500 |  | 44 | % | $ | 2,141 |  | 33 | % | $ | 34,000 |  | 42 | % | $ | 579,633 |  | 49 | %
| 2022 | 2021 | 2020 | 2019 | 2018 | Prior | Total
As of December 31, 2022: | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV | Amortized Cost | Average LTV
Debt Service Coverage Ratio: | (Dollars in thousands)
Greater than or equal to 1.5 | $ | 85,367 |  | 47 | % | $ | 84,186 |  | 46 | % | $ | 97,143 |  | 41 | % | $ | — |  | — | % | $ | — |  | — | % | $ | — |  | — | % | $ | 266,696 |  | 45 | %
Greater than or equal to 1.2 and less than 1.5 | 107,856 |  | 54 | % | 67,630 |  | 52 | % | 61,103 |  | 32 | % | — |  | — | % | — |  | — | % | — |  | — | % | 236,589 |  | 48 | %
Greater than or equal to 1.0 and less than 1.2 | 3,124 |  | 56 | % | 8,825 |  | 38 | % | 3,125 |  | 25 | % | — |  | — | % | — |  | — | % | — |  | — | % | 15,074 |  | 39 | %
Less than 1.0 | — |  | — | % | — |  | — | % | 7,975 |  | 35 | % | 5,629 |  | 41 | % | 34,000 |  | 31 | % | — |  | — | % | 47,604 |  | 33 | %
Total | $ | 196,347 |  | 51 | % | $ | 160,641 |  | 48 | % | $ | 169,346 |  | 37 | % | $ | 5,629 |  | 41 | % | $ | 34,000 |  | 31 | % | $ | — |  | — | % | $ | 565,963 |  | 45 | %
Aging of Financing Receivables | Aging of financing receivables is summarized in the following table (by year of origination):
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | Prior |  | Total
As of December 31, 2023: | (Dollars in thousands)
Commercial mortgage loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current | $ | 44,171 |  |  | $ | 520,651 |  |  | $ | 632,843 |  |  | $ | 435,768 |  |  | $ | 560,750 |  |  | $ | 1,350,816 |  |  | $ | 3,544,999 |
30 - 59 days past due | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
60 - 89 days past due | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Over 90 days past due | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total commercial mortgage loans | $ | 44,171 |  |  | $ | 520,651 |  |  | $ | 632,843 |  |  | $ | 435,768 |  |  | $ | 560,750 |  |  | $ | 1,350,816 |  |  | $ | 3,544,999 |
Agricultural mortgage loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current | $ | 48,676 |  |  | $ | 182,273 |  |  | $ | 131,448 |  |  | $ | 168,500 |  |  | $ | 2,141 |  |  | $ | 34,000 |  |  | $ | 567,038 |
30 - 59 days past due | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
60 - 89 days past due | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Over 90 days past due | — |  |  | 10,404 |  |  | 2,191 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,595 |
Total agricultural mortgage loans | $ | 48,676 |  |  | $ | 192,677 |  |  | $ | 133,639 |  |  | $ | 168,500 |  |  | $ | 2,141 |  |  | $ | 34,000 |  |  | $ | 579,633 |
Residential mortgage loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current | $ | 1,183,248 |  |  | $ | 1,493,165 |  |  | $ | 365,704 |  |  | $ | 161,426 |  |  | $ | 22,654 |  |  | $ | 794 |  |  | $ | 3,226,991 |
30 - 59 days past due | 21,367 |  |  | 58,420 |  |  | 10,253 |  |  | 5,731 |  |  | 4,988 |  |  | — |  |  | 100,759 |
60 - 89 days past due | 5,017 |  |  | 22,383 |  |  | 3,908 |  |  | 1,839 |  |  | 99 |  |  | — |  |  | 33,246 |
Over 90 days past due | 18,558 |  |  | 38,255 |  |  | 23,707 |  |  | 5,275 |  |  | 3,398 |  |  | 908 |  |  | 90,101 |
Total residential mortgage loans | $ | 1,228,190 |  |  | $ | 1,612,223 |  |  | $ | 403,572 |  |  | $ | 174,271 |  |  | $ | 31,139 |  |  | $ | 1,702 |  |  | $ | 3,451,097 |
| 2022 |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018 |  | Prior |  | Total
As of December 31, 2022: | (Dollars in thousands)
Commercial mortgage loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current | $ | 425,875 |  |  | $ | 592,468 |  |  | $ | 486,339 |  |  | $ | 591,076 |  |  | $ | 416,132 |  |  | $ | 1,042,668 |  |  | $ | 3,554,558 |
30 - 59 days past due | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
60 - 89 days past due | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Over 90 days past due | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total commercial mortgage loans | $ | 425,875 |  |  | $ | 592,468 |  |  | $ | 486,339 |  |  | $ | 591,076 |  |  | $ | 416,132 |  |  | $ | 1,042,668 |  |  | $ | 3,554,558 |
Agricultural mortgage loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current | $ | 196,347 |  |  | $ | 160,641 |  |  | $ | 166,211 |  |  | $ | 5,629 |  |  | $ | 34,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 562,828 |
30 - 59 days past due | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
60 - 89 days past due | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Over 90 days past due | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,135 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,135 |
Total agricultural mortgage loans | $ | 196,347 |  |  | $ | 160,641 |  |  | $ | 169,346 |  |  | $ | 5,629 |  |  | $ | 34,000 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 565,963 |
Residential mortgage loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current | $ | 1,915,169 |  |  | $ | 595,363 |  |  | $ | 211,119 |  |  | $ | 27,483 |  |  | $ | 1,710 |  |  | $ | 417 |  |  | $ | 2,751,261 |
30 - 59 days past due | 39,179 |  |  | 8,238 |  |  | 13,073 |  |  | 1,960 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 62,450 |
60 - 89 days past due | 6,668 |  |  | 7,165 |  |  | 3,034 |  |  | 57 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 16,924 |
Over 90 days past due | 9,702 |  |  | 14,068 |  |  | 6,515 |  |  | 1,762 |  |  | 2,796 |  |  | — |  |  | 34,843 |
Total residential mortgage loans | $ | 1,970,718 |  |  | $ | 624,834 |  |  | $ | 233,741 |  |  | $ | 31,262 |  |  | $ | 4,506 |  |  | $ | 417 |  |  | $ | 2,865,478 |

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- Definition Tabular disclosure of financing receivables by credit quality indicator. The credit quality indicator is a statistic about the credit quality of financing receivables. Examples include, but not limited to, consumer credit risk scores, credit-rating-agency ratings, an entity's internal credit risk grades, loan-to-value ratios, collateral, collection experience and other internal metrics. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef -Topic 326 -SubTopic 20 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 5 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147479319/326-20-50-5 Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 310 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 29 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147481962/310-10-50-29 + Details
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- Definition Tabular disclosure of the various types of trade accounts and notes receivable and for each the gross carrying value, allowance, and net carrying value as of the balance sheet date. Presentation is categorized by current, noncurrent and unclassified receivables. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 210 -SubTopic 10 -Section S99 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02.3,4) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org//1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1 + Details
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