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Income taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Components of (Provision for) Benefit from Income Taxes The components of the income tax expense are as follows, whereby ‘Income tax expense Netherlands’ represents the total tax expense on taxable income generated by our entities in the Netherlands and ‘Income tax expense Foreign’ represents the total tax expense on taxable income generated by our non-Dutch group entities. Hereby ‘total income tax expense Netherlands’ includes withholding tax expense withheld at source on income paid by non-Dutch entities to the Netherlands.
Year ended December 31 (€, in millions)202020212022
Netherlands3,574.6 5,982.8 5,881.0 
Foreign442.0 722.7 575.1 
Income before income taxes4,016.6 6,705.5 6,456.1 
 
Income tax expense current(407.7)(865.0)(818.4)
Income tax expense deferred1.4 (28.6)(44.4)
Income tax expense Netherlands(406.3)(893.6)(862.8)
 
Income tax expense current(375.3)(523.5)(678.3)
Income tax expense deferred230.1 395.7 571.2 
Income tax expense Foreign(145.2)(127.8)(107.1)
 
Total income tax expense current(783.0)(1,388.5)(1,496.7)
Total income tax expense deferred231.5 367.1 526.8 
Total income tax expense(551.5)(1,021.4)(969.9)
Current and deferred tax expense can be further broken down into:
Year ended December 31 (€, in millions)202020212022
Current year tax expense(743.7)(1,367.2)(1,440.9)
Prior year tax expense(39.3)(21.3)(55.8)
Total current tax expense(783.0)(1,388.5)(1,496.7)
Year ended December 31 (€, in millions)202020212022
Changes to recognition of operating losses and tax credits(56.9)(37.2)(41.2)
Prior year tax expense27.0 (2.4)79.2 
Tax rate changes15.0 1.5 (1.1)
Origination and reversal of temporary differences, operating losses and tax credits246.4 405.2 489.9 
 Total deferred tax expense231.5 367.1 526.8 
Reconciliation Between (Provision for) Benefit from Income Taxes
The reconciliation of the income tax expense from the Dutch statutory rate to the effective income tax rate is as follows:
Year ended December 31 (€, in millions)2020
%1
2021
%1
2022
%1
Income before income taxes4,016.6 100.0 %6,705.5 100.0 %6,456.1 100.0 %
Income tax expense based on ASML’s domestic rate(1,004.1)25.0 %(1,676.4)25.0 %(1,665.7)25.8 %
Effects of tax rates in foreign jurisdictions0.9 — %(4.6)0.1 %13.0 (0.2)%
Adjustments in respect of tax-exempt income0.2 — %— — %  %
Adjustments in respect of tax incentives510.4 (12.7)%727.3 (10.8)%741.2 (11.5)%
Adjustments in respect of prior years’ current taxes(39.3)1.0 %(21.3)0.3 %(55.8)0.9 %
Adjustments in respect of prior years’ deferred taxes27.0 (0.7)%(2.4)— %79.2 (1.2)%
Movements in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits(41.0)1.0 %(21.6)0.3 %(9.9)0.2 %
Tax effects in respect of acquisition/restructuring related items — — %35.9 (0.5)%  %
Change in valuation allowance(56.9)1.4 %(37.2)0.6 %(41.2)0.6 %
Equity method investments(20.9)0.5 %(46.7)0.7 %(38.3)0.6 %
Effect of change in tax rates15.0 (0.4)%1.5 — %(1.1) %
Other (credits) and non-tax deductible items57.2 (1.4)%24.1 (0.4)%8.7 (0.1)%
Income tax expense(551.5)13.7 %(1,021.4)15.2 %(969.9)15.0 %
1.As a percentage of income before income taxes.
Liability for Unrecognized Tax Benefits and Deferred Tax Position Recorded on Consolidated Balance Sheets
The liability for unrecognized tax benefits and related accrued interest and penalties and total deferred tax position recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets is as follows:
Year ended December 31 (€, in millions)202020212022
Liability for unrecognized tax benefits(200.4)(205.9)(215.5)
Deferred tax assets671.5 1,098.7 1,672.8 
Deferred tax liabilities(37.9)(34.7)(51.5)
Deferred and other tax assets (liabilities)433.2 858.1 1,405.8 
Reconciliation of Beginning and Ending Balance of Liability for Unrecognized Tax Benefits
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balance of the liability for unrecognized tax benefits (excluding interest and penalties) is as follows:
Year ended December 31 (€, in millions)202020212022
Balance as at January 1(150.7)(138.0)(144.3)
Gross presentation for different tax jurisdictions(27.3)—  
Gross increases – tax positions in prior period(66.6)(21.6)(11.7)
Gross decreases – tax positions in prior period0.5 8.9 2.0 
Gross increases – tax positions in current period(21.6)(18.8)(23.1)
Settlements106.6 2.5 6.8 
Lapse of statute of limitations14.5 32.0 13.2 
Effect of changes in exchange rates6.6 (9.3)(2.9)
Total liability for unrecognized tax benefits(138.0)(144.3)(160.0)
Balance of accrued interest and penalties(62.4)(61.6)(55.5)
Total liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits including interest and penalties(200.4)(205.9)(215.5)
Summary of Income Tax Examinations The years for which tax returns are still open for examination for respective jurisdictions are as follows:
CountryYears
Netherlands2019-2022
US2017-2022
Taiwan2017-2022
South Korea2019-2022
China2012-2022
Composition of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities Reconciled in Consolidated Balance Sheets
The composition of total deferred tax assets and liabilities reconciled to the classification in the Consolidated Balance Sheets is:
Deferred taxes (€, in millions)January 1, 2022Credits and otherConsolidated
Statements
 of
Operations
Income tax recognized in Other Comprehensive IncomeEffect of
changes
in exchange
rates
December 31, 2022
Deferred tax assets:
Capitalized R&D expenditures420.4  151.2  20.5 592.1 
R&D & other tax credit carry forwards162.7 23.7 20.6  6.4 213.4 
Inventories31.5  12.5  1.2 45.2 
Contract liabilities423.2  400.8  (3.2)820.8 
Accrued and other liabilities98.1  4.4  3.3 105.8 
Standard warranty reserve11.3  (4.1) 0.9 8.1 
Operating loss carry forwards7.4  (2.8) (0.1)4.5 
Property, plant and equipment18.6  1.7  (1.4)18.9 
Lease liabilities23.2  3.1  1.1 27.4 
Other intangible assets143.5  (18.7)  124.8 
Share-based payments9.6  1.2  0.6 11.4 
Other temporary differences27.5  3.7 (6.5)(1.4)23.3 
Total deferred tax assets, gross1,377.0 23.7 573.6 (6.5)27.9 1,995.7 
Valuation allowance 1
(167.6) (41.2) (6.6)(215.4)
Total deferred tax assets, net1,209.4 23.7 532.4 (6.5)21.3 1,780.3 
Deferred tax liabilities:
Other intangible assets(79.9) 19.8  (5.3)(65.4)
Goodwill(20.9) (7.9)  (28.8)
Right-of-use assets(23.2) (3.1) (1.1)(27.4)
Property, plant and equipment(10.9) 1.5  (0.4)(9.8)
Contract liabilities(7.9) (8.4)  (16.3)
Long-term debt(1.5)    (1.5)
Other temporary differences(1.1) (7.5)(2.1)0.9 (9.8)
Total deferred tax liabilities(145.4) (5.6)(2.1)(5.9)(159.0)
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)1,064.0 23.7 526.8 (8.6)15.4 1,621.3 
Classified as:
Deferred tax assets – non-current 1,098.7 1,672.8 
Deferred tax liabilities – non-current (34.7)(51.5)
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)1,064.0 1,621.3 
1.The valuation allowance disclosed above relates to R&D and other tax credit carry forwards and operating loss carry forwards that may not be realized.
Deferred taxes (€, in millions)January 1, 2021Credits and otherConsolidated
Statements
 of
Operations
Income tax recognized in Other Comprehensive IncomeEffect of
changes
in exchange
rates
December 31, 2021
Deferred tax assets:
Capitalized R&D expenditures287.1 — 106.8 — 26.5 420.4 
R&D & other tax credit carry forwards117.2 21.4 16.4 — 7.7 162.7 
Inventories37.2 — (7.2)— 1.5 31.5 
Contract liabilities125.2 — 288.0 — 10.0 423.2 
Accrued and other liabilities87.8 — 5.7 — 4.6 98.1 
Standard warranty reserve16.4 — (6.3)— 1.2 11.3 
Operating loss carry forwards27.1 — (19.9)— 0.2 7.4 
Property, plant and equipment26.9 — (10.8)— 2.5 18.6 
Lease liabilities6.5 — 16.2 — 0.5 23.2 
Other intangible assets143.5 — — — — 143.5 
Share-based payments7.2 — 1.8 — 0.6 9.6 
Other temporary differences23.9 — 7.5 (1.0)(2.9)27.5 
Total deferred tax assets, gross906.0 21.4 398.2 (1.0)52.4 1,377.0 
Valuation allowance1
(122.5)— (37.2)— (7.9)(167.6)
Total deferred tax assets, net783.5 21.4 361.0 (1.0)44.5 1,209.4 
Deferred tax liabilities:
Other intangible assets(93.9)2.9 17.1 — (6.0)(79.9)
Goodwill(15.6)— (5.3)— — (20.9)
Right-of-use assets(6.5)— (16.2)— (0.5)(23.2)
Property, plant and equipment(5.4)— (4.3)— (1.2)(10.9)
Contract liabilities(18.2)— 10.3 — — (7.9)
Long-term debt(1.6)— 0.1 — — (1.5)
Other temporary differences(8.7)2.5 4.4 — 0.7 (1.1)
Total deferred tax liabilities(149.9)5.4 6.1 — (7.0)(145.4)
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)633.6 26.8 367.1 (1.0)37.5 1,064.0 
Classified as:
Deferred tax assets – non-current671.5 1,098.7 
Deferred tax liabilities – non-current(37.9)(34.7)
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)633.6 1,064.0 
1.The valuation allowance disclosed above relates to R&D and other tax credit carry forwards and operating loss carry forwards that may not be realized.