Intangible assets, net

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Intangible assets, net

Accounting Policy

Intangible assets include brands, intellectual property, developed technology, customer relationships, and other

intangible assets not yet available for use. These finite-lived intangible assets are stated at cost, less accumulated

amortization and accumulated impairment losses. Amortization is calculated using the straight-line method based on

the estimated useful lives of the assets.

Finite-lived intangible assets are assessed for impairment, annually or whenever there is an indication that the balance

sheet carrying amount may not be recoverable using cash flow projections for the useful life.

The following table shows the respective useful lives for intangible assets:


Category	Estimated useful life
Brands	20 years
Intellectual property	3–10 years
Developed technology	6–15 years
Customer relationships	8–18 years
Other	2–10 years

As of December 31, 2023, intangible assets consist mainly of brands, intellectual property, developed technology and customer relationships obtained from the acquisitions of HMI (2016) and Cymer (2013):


€, in millions	Brands	Intellectual property	Developed technology	Customer relationships	Other	Total
Cost
Balance at January 1, 2022	38.9	144.8	1,220.2	228.6	190.0	1,822.5
Additions	—	1.5	—	—	32.5	34.0
Disposals	—	—	—	—	(1.6)	(1.6)
Effect of changes in exchange rates	—	0.8	—	—	1.6	2.4
Balance at December 31, 2022	38.9	147.1	1,220.2	228.6	222.5	1,857.3

Additions	—	—	—	—	39.3	39.3
Disposals	—	—	—	—	(0.3)	(0.3)
Effect of changes in exchange rates	—	—	—	—	(1.4)	(1.4)
Balance at December 31, 2023	38.9	147.1	1,220.2	228.6	260.1	1,894.9

Accumulated amortization
Balance at January 1, 2022	13.0	87.2	594.0	108.6	67.6	870.4
Amortization	1.9	8.6	83.4	12.7	28.5	135.1
Impairment charges	—	—	—	—	9.2	9.2
Disposals	—	—	—	—	(1.4)	(1.4)
Effect of changes in exchange rates	—	—	—	—	1.6	1.6
Balance at December 31, 2022	14.9	95.8	677.4	121.3	105.5	1,014.9

Amortization	1.9	8.3	76.8	12.7	27.9	127.6
Impairment charges	—	—	—	—	11.1	11.1
Disposals	—	—	—	—	(0.3)	(0.3)
Effect of changes in exchange rates	—	—	—	—	(0.1)	(0.1)
Balance at December 31, 2023	16.8	104.1	754.2	134.0	144.1	1,153.2

Carrying amount
December 31, 2022	24.0	51.3	542.8	107.3	117.0	842.4
December 31, 2023	22.1	43.0	466.0	94.6	116.0	741.7

The Consolidated Statements of Operations include the following amortization charges:


Year ended December 31 (€, in millions)	2021	2022	2023
Cost of Sales	107.8	105.9	102.7
R&D Costs	14.5	18.2	19.5
SG&A	10.7	11.0	5.4
Total Amortization	133.0	135.1	127.6

As of December 31, 2023, the intangible assets not yet available for use, as included in Other, amount to €37.3

million (2022: €34.0 million) and are allocated to Reporting Unit ASML.

During 2023 we recorded €11.1 million impairment charges (2022: €9.2 million; 2021: €0.0 million).

As of December 31, 2023, the estimated amortization expenses for intangible assets for the next five years and

thereafter is as follows:


€, in millions	Amount
2024	124.9
2025	122.8
2026	117.5
2027	114.3
2028	93.3
Thereafter	168.9
Total	741.7