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Risks arising from financial instruments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Risks arising from financial instruments

27. Risks arising from financial instruments

A) FINANCIAL ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

Set out below is an overview of financial assets and liabilities held by the company as at the dates indicated:



	31 December 2024								31 December 2023

Million US dollar	At amortized cost		At fair value through profit or loss		At fair value through OCI		Total		At amortized cost		At fair value through profit or loss		At fair value through OCI		Total

Cash and cash equivalents		11 174		-		-		11 174		10 332		-		-		10 332
Trade and other receivables		4 714		-		-		4 714		5 517		-		-		5 517
Investment securities		30		221		138		389		27		67		151		245
Foreign exchange derivatives		-		23		433		457		-		48		315		363
Commodities		-		-		106		106		-		-		131		131
Cross currency interest rate swaps		-		-		249		249		-		-		52		52
Interest rate swaps		-		3		-		3		-		3		-		3
Financial assets		15 918		247		927		17 092		15 876		118		649		16 642
Non-current		382		-		399		781		473		-		195		668
Current		15 536		247		528		16 311		15 403		118		454		15 975

Trade and other payables		20 037		288		-		20 325		21 284		741		-		22 026
Non-current interest-bearing loans and borrowings		69 011		1 709		-		70 720		73 592		571		-		74 163
Current interest-bearing loans and borrowings		1 449		-		-		1 449		3 987		-		-		3 987
Bank overdrafts		-		-		-		-		17		-		-		17
Equity swaps		-		5 614		-		5 614		-		4 718		-		4 718
Foreign exchange derivatives		-		30		22		52		-		18		414		432
Commodities		-		-		70		70		-		-		145		145
Cross currency interest rate swaps		-		-		55		55		-		-		164		164
Interest rate swaps		-		94		-		94		-		10		-		10
Financial liabilities		90 497		7 735		147		98 379		98 880		6 058		723		105 662
Non-current		69 494		1 933		66		71 492		73 920		876		151		74 947
Current		21 003		5 802		82		26 887		24 961		5 182		573		30 715

B) DERIVATIVES

AB InBev’s activities expose it to a variety of financial risks: market risk (including currency risk, fair value interest rate risk, cash flow interest risk, commodity risk and equity risk), credit risk and liquidity risk. The company analyses each of these risks individually as well as on a combined basis and defines strategies to manage the economic impact on the company’s performance in line with its financial risk management policy.

AB InBev primarily uses the following derivative instruments: foreign exchange forwards, currency options, currency futures, interest rate swaps, cross currency interest rate swaps (“CCIRS”), commodity swaps, commodity futures and equity swaps.

The table below provides an overview of the notional amounts of derivatives outstanding as at the dates indicated by maturity bucket.



	31 December 2024										31 December 2023

Million US dollar	< 1 year		1-2 years		2-3 years		3-5 years		> 5 years		< 1 year		1-2 years		2-3 years		3-5 years		> 5 years

Foreign currency
Foreign exchange forwards		8 867		300		150		-		-		13 440		105		300		-		-
Other foreign exchange derivatives		385		-		150		400		-		245		-		-		-		-

Interest rate
Interest rate swaps		1 791		-		-		-		-		580		-		-		-		-
Cross currency interest rate swaps		1 558		510		2 593		3 598		690		1 217		1 863		510		4 353		717

Commodities
Aluminum swaps		1 841		-		-		-		-		1 780		-		-		-		-
Other commodity derivatives		630		26		-		-		-		913		25		-		-		-

Equity
Equity derivatives		10 520		-		-		-		-		11 189		-		-		-		-

C) FOREIGN CURRENCY RISK

AB InBev is subject to foreign currency risk when contracts are denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of the entity. This includes borrowings, investments, (forecasted) sales, (forecasted) purchases, royalties, dividends, licenses, management fees and interest expense/income. To manage foreign currency risk, the company uses mainly foreign exchange forwards, currency options, currency futures and cross currency interest rate swaps.

Foreign exchange risk on operating activities

AB InBev’s policy is to hedge operating transactions which are reasonably expected to occur (e.g., cost of sales and selling, general & administrative expenses) within the forecast period determined in the financial risk management policy. Operating transactions that are considered certain to occur are hedged without any time limits.

Non-operating

transactions (such as acquisitions and disposals of subsidiaries) are hedged as soon as they are highly probable.

The table below shows the company’s main net foreign currency positions for firm commitments and forecasted transactions for the most important currency pairs. The open positions are the result of the application of AB InBev’s risk management policy. Positive amounts indicate that the company is long (net future cash inflows) in the first currency of the currency pair while negative amounts indicate that the company is short (net future cash outflows) in the first currency of the currency pair. The second currency of the currency pairs listed is the functional currency of the related subsidiary.



	31 December 2024						31 December 2023 1

Million US dollar	Total exposure		Total hedges		Open position		Total exposure		Total hedges		Open position

US dollar/Brazilian real		(1 823)		1 456		(367)		(1 832)		1 833		1
US dollar/Mexican peso		(1 250)		1 092		(158)		(1 229)		1 282		53
US dollar/Colombian peso		(504)		482		(22)		(546)		542		(4)
US dollar/South African rand		(373)		333		(40)		(224)		189		(35)
US dollar/Argentine peso		(326)		-		(326)		(437)		-		(437)
US dollar/Canadian dollar		(286)		243		(43)		(310)		291		(19)
US dollar/Peruvian nuevo sol		(236)		215		(21)		(217)		209		(8)
US dollar/Honduran lempira		(225)		-		(225)		(250)		-		(250)
US dollar/South Korean won		(160)		116		(44)		(146)		135		(11)
Mexican peso/Euro		(153)		132		(21)		(219)		180		(39)
Euro/Peruvian nuevo sol		(152)		-		(152)		(7)		-		(7)
US dollar/Paraguayan guarani		(144)		127		(17)		(157)		152		(5)
US dollar/Chilean peso		(144)		127		(17)		(164)		129		(35)
US dollar/Dominican peso		(129)		-		(129)		(108)		26		(82)
US dollar/Euro		(126)		106		(20)		(90)		100		10
US dollar/Indian rupee		(113)		69		(44)		(89)		46		(43)
Euro/South African rand		(108)		111		3		(99)		86		(13)
US dollar/Bolivian boliviano		(104)		-		(104)		(79)		55		(24)
Euro/Mexican peso		(91)		92		1		(99)		95		(4)
Others		(633)		493		(140)		(622)		438		(184)

Further analysis on the impact of open currency exposures is performed in the currency sensitivity analysis below.

Hedges of firm commitments and highly probable forecasted transactions denominated in foreign currency are designated as cash flow hedges.

Foreign exchange risk on foreign currency denominated debt

AB InBev’s policy is to have the debt in the subsidiaries as much as possible linked to the functional currency of the subsidiary. To the extent this is not the case, foreign exchange risk is managed using derivatives unless the cost to hedge outweighs the benefits. Interest rate decisions and currency mix of debt and cash are decided on a global basis and take into consideration a holistic risk management approach.

A description of the foreign currency risk hedging of debt instruments issued in a currency other than the functional currency of the subsidiary is further detailed in the

Interest Rate Risk

section below.

Currency sensitivity analysis

Currency transactional risk

Most of AB InBev’s

non-derivative

financial instruments are either denominated in the functional currency of the subsidiary or are converted into the functional currency through the use of derivatives. Where illiquidity in the local market prevents hedging at a reasonable cost, the company can have open positions. The transactional foreign currency risk mainly arises from open positions in Brazilian real, Argentine peso, Honduran lempira, Mexican peso and Dominican peso against the US dollar.

The company uses a sensitivity analysis to estimate the impact in its consolidated income statement and other comprehensive income of a strengthening or a weakening of the US dollar against the other group currencies. In case the open positions remain unchanged and with all other variables held constant, a 10% strengthening or weakening of the US dollar against other currencies could lead to an estimated decrease/increase on the consolidated profit before tax of approximately 169m US dollar over the next 12 months (31 December 2023: 98m US dollar

; 31

December 2022:

144m

US dollar). Applying

a similar sensitivity on the total derivatives positions could lead to a negative/positive

pre-tax

impact on equity reserves of 446m US dollar (31 December 2023: 504m US dollar). The results of the sensitivity analysis should not be considered as projections of likely future events, as the gains or losses from exchange rates in the future may differ due to developments in the global financial markets.

Amended to conform to the 2024 presentation.

Foreign exchange risk on net investments in foreign operations

AB InBev mitigates exposures of its investments in foreign operations using both derivative and

non-derivative

financial instruments as hedging instruments.

As of 31 December 2024, designated derivative financial instruments in net investment hedges applied on the company’s debt amount to 7 835m US dollar equivalent (31 December 2023: 7 908m US dollar). These instruments hedge foreign operations with Chinese yuan, Canadian dollar, South Korean won and Mexican peso functional currencies.

Net foreign exchange results

Foreign exchange results recognized on hedged and unhedged exposures are as follows:



Million US dollar	2024		2023		2022
Hedged (economic hedges)		(186)		70		297
Not hedged		40		(423)		(660)
		(147)		(353)		(363)

D) INTEREST RATE RISK

The company applies a dynamic interest rate hedging approach whereby the target mix between fixed and floating rate debt is reviewed periodically. The purpose of AB InBev’s policy is to achieve an optimal balance between the cost of funding and the volatility of financial results, while taking into account market conditions as well as AB InBev’s overall business strategy.

Fair value hedges

US dollar fixed rate bond hedges (interest rate risk on borrowings in US dollar)

The company manages and reduces the impact of changes in the US dollar interest rates on the fair value of certain fixed rate bonds with an aggregate principal amount of 1.8 billion US dollar through fixed/floating interest rate swaps. These derivative instruments have been designated in fair value hedge accounting relationships.

Cash flow hedges

Pound sterling bond hedges (foreign currency risk and interest rate risk on borrowings in pound sterling)

In September 2013, the company issued a pound sterling bond for 500m pound sterling at a rate of 4.00% per year and maturing in September 2025. In May 2017, the company issued a pound sterling bond for 700m pound sterling at a rate of 2.25% per year and maturing in May 2029, and issued a pound sterling bond for 900m pound sterling at a rate of 2.85% per year and maturing in May 2037. These bonds have a principal outstanding as of 31 December 2024 of 500m, 232m and 156m pound sterling, respectively.

The impact of changes in the pound sterling exchange rate and interest rate on these bonds is managed and reduced through pound sterling fixed/euro fixed cross currency interest rate swaps. These derivative instruments have been designated in cash flow hedge relationships.

Economic Hedges

Marketable debt security hedges (interest rate risk on Brazilian real)

During 2024, 2023 and 2022, Ambev invested in highly liquid Brazilian real denominated government debt securities.

Interest rate sensitivity analysis

The table below reflects the effective interest rates of interest-bearing financial liabilities at the reporting date as well as the currency in which the debt is denominated.



31 December 2024 Interest-bearing financial liabilities Million US dollar	Before hedging				After hedging
	Effective interest rate		Amount		Effective interest rate		Amount

Floating rate
US dollar		-		-		5.3%		1 792
Other		11.2%		184		11.2%		184
				184				1 975
Fixed rate
US dollar		5.1%		46 192		5.4%		36 780
Euro		2.5%		22 653		2.5%		23 530
Chinese yuan		3.2%		41		2.6%		2 921
Canadian dollar		4.5%		555		4.4%		2 657
South Korean won		4.9%		40		2.3%		2 200
Mexican peso		15.7%		239		10.8%		1 239
Pound sterling		3.3%		1 154		2.6%		34
Other		8.6%		1 111		10.1%		833
				71 986				70 195



31 December 2023 1 Interest-bearing financial liabilities Million US dollar	Before hedging				After hedging
	Effective interest rate		Amount		Effective interest rate		Amount

Floating rate
Euro		4.3%		1 086		4.3%		1 086
US dollar		6.0%		505		6.3%		789
Other		10.5%		299		11.7%		595
				1 889				2 469
Fixed rate
US dollar		5.0%		50 368		5.2%		43 344
Euro		2.3%		21 233		2.5%		22 072
Chinese yuan		2.9%		57		2.5%		2 437
Canadian dollar		4.5%		625		4.4%		2 988
South Korean won		5.5%		49		1.9%		2 209
Pound sterling		5.4%		2 122		8.2%		827
Mexican peso		15.7%		324		13.5%		624
Other		7.4%		1 501		8.2%		1 196
				76 277				75 697

As at 31 December 2024, the company had no outstanding bank overdrafts. The total carrying amount of the floating and fixed rate interest-bearing financial liabilities before hedging as listed above includes bank overdrafts of 17m US dollar as at 31 December 2023. As disclosed in the above table, 1 975m US dollar or 2.7% of the company’s interest-bearing financial liabilities bears interest at a variable rate.

The sensitivity analysis has been prepared based on the exposure to interest rates for the floating rate debt after hedging, assuming the amount of liability outstanding at reporting date was outstanding for the whole year. The company estimates that an increase or decrease of 100 basis points represents a reasonably possible change in applicable interest rates. Accordingly, if interest rates had been higher/lower by 100 basis points, with all other variables held constant, the interest expense would have been 20m US dollar higher/lower (31 December 2023: 26m US dollar, 31 December 2022: 46m US dollar). This impact would have been more than offset by 105m US dollar higher/lower interest income on interest-bearing financial assets (31 December 2023: 96m US dollar, 31 December 2022: 93m US dollar). Additionally, the

pre-tax

impact on equity reserves from the market value of hedging instruments would not have been significant.

Amended to conf

orm

to the 2024 presentation.

Interest expense

Interest expense recognized on unhedged and hedged financial liabilities are as follows:



Million US dollar	2024			2023			2022
Financial liabilities measured at amortized cost – not hedged		(3 492	)		(3 722	)		(3 641	)
Fair value hedges		(30	)		(22	)		(20	)
Cash flow hedges		29			28			24
Net investment hedges - hedging instruments (interest component)		49			10			(1	)
Economic hedges		2			-			42
		(3 443	)		(3 705	)		(3 597	)

E) COMMODITY PRICE RISK

The commodity markets have experienced and are expected to continue to experience price fluctuations. AB InBev therefore uses both fixed price purchasing contracts and commodity derivatives to manage the exposure to price volatility. The most significant commodity hedges are included in the table below (expressed in outstanding notional amounts):



Million US dollar	31 December 2024		31 December 2023

Aluminum		1 841		1 780
Energy		207		249
Corn		203		289
Plastic		79		95
Sugar		73		91
Wheat		47		163
Rice		46		51
		2 496		2 719

Commodity price sensitivity analysis

The impact of changes in prices of commodities that are being financially hedged would not have had a material impact on AB InBev’s profit in 2024 as they are hedged using derivative contracts which are designated in hedge accounting in accordance with IFRS 9 rules.

The tables below show the estimated impact that changes in the price of the commodities, for which AB InBev held material derivative exposures would have on the equity reserves.



	2024						2023

			Pre-tax impact on equity						Pre-tax impact on equity

Million US dollar	Volatility of prices in %¹		Prices increase		Prices decrease		Volatility of prices in %¹		Prices increase		Prices decrease


Aluminum		22%		408		(408)		19%		337		(337)
Energy		44%		92		(92)		52%		130		(130)
Corn		19%		38		(38)		27%		78		(78)
Plastic		16%		12		(12)		15%		14		(14)
Sugar		27%		20		(20)		29%		26		(26)
Wheat		27%		13		(13)		35%		56		(56)
Rice		38%		18		(18)		26%		13		(13)

EQUITY PRICE RISK

AB InBev enters into equity swap derivatives to hedge the price risk on its shares in connection with its share-based payments programs, as disclosed in Note 24

Share-based Payments.

AB InBev also hedges its exposure arising from shares issued in connection with the Modelo and SAB combinations (see also Note 11

Finance cost and income

). These derivatives do not qualify for hedge accounting and the changes in fair value are recorded in the profit or loss.

As at 31 December 2024, an exposure for an equivalent of 100.5m of AB InBev shares was hedged, resulting in a total loss of (1 211)m US dollar recognized in the profit or loss account for the period in exceptional finance income/(expense). As at 31 December 2024, liabilities for equity swap derivatives amounted to 5.6 billion US dollar (31 December 2023: 4.7 billion US dollar).

Sensitivity analysis is assessed based on the yearly volatility using daily observable market data during 250 days at 31 December 2024 and 31 December 2023.

Equity price sensitivity analysis

The sensitivity analysis on the equity swap derivatives, calculated based on a 19% (2023: 18

%; 2022: 28

) reasonably

possible volatility of the AB InBev share price, with all the other variables held constant, would show 960m US dollar positive/negative impact on the 2024 profit before tax (31 December 2023:

1 181

m US dollar

; 31 December 2022: 1 660m US dollar).

G) CREDIT RISK

Credit risk encompasses all forms of counterparty exposure, i.e., where counterparties may default on their obligations to AB InBev in relation to lending, hedging, settlement and other financial activities. The company has a credit policy in place and the exposure to counterparty credit risk is monitored.

AB InBev mitigates its exposure through a variety of mechanisms. It has established minimum counterparty credit ratings and enters into transactions only with financial institutions of investment grade rating. The company monitors counterparty credit exposures closely and reviews any external downgrade in credit rating immediately. To mitigate

pre-settlement

risk, counterparty minimum credit standards become more stringent with increases in the duration of the derivatives. To minimize the concentration of counterparty credit risk, the company enters into derivative transactions with different financial institutions.

The company also has master netting agreements with all of the financial institutions that are counterparties to over the counter (OTC) derivatives. These agreements allow for the net settlement of assets and liabilities arising from different transactions with the same counterparty. Based on these factors, AB InBev considers the impact of the risk of counterparty default as at 31 December 2024 to be limited.

Exposure to credit risk

Credit risk arises from financial assets including trade and other receivables. The carrying amount of financial assets represents the maximum credit exposure of the company. The carrying amount is presented net of the impairment losses recognized and disclosed by financial asset class in section

A) Financial assets and liabilities

The maximum exposure to credit risk at the reporting date for trade and other receivables, excluding Brazilian tax credits, tax receivables other than income tax and prepaid expenses, was as follows:



	31 December 2024						31 December 2023¹

Million US dollar	Gross		Impairment		Net carrying amount		Gross		Impairment		Net carrying amount

Trade receivables		4 168		(377)		3 792		4 734		(387)		4 347
Other receivables		984		(61)		923		1 244		(74)		1 170
Trade and other receivables		5 152		(438)		4 714		5 978		(462)		5 517

There was no significant concentration of credit risks with any single counterparty as of 31 December 2024 and no single customer represented more than 10% of the total revenue of the group in 2024.

Impairment losses

The allowance for impairment recognized during the period on trade and other receivables was as follows:



	31 December 2024		31 December 2023		31 December 2022
Balance at end of previous year		(462)		(416)		(402)
Impairment losses		(56)		(54)		(38)
Derecognition		24		26		24
Currency translation and other		55		(18)		1
Balance at end of period		(438)		(462)		(416)

Additionally, in 2024 the company recognized (66)m US dollar loss resulting from the impairment of financial investments – see also Note 11

Finance expense and income

Amended to conform to the 2024 presentation.

H) LIQUIDITY RISK

Historically, AB InBev’s primary sources of cash flow have been cash flows from operating activities, the issuance of debt, bank borrowings and equity securities. AB InBev’s material cash requirements have included the following:

●

Debt servicing;

●

Capital expenditures;

●

Investments in companies;

●

Increases in ownership of AB InBev’s subsidiaries or companies in which it holds equity investments;

●

Share buyback programs; and

●

Payments of dividends and interest on shareholders’ equity.

The company believes that cash flows from operating activities, available cash and cash equivalents as well as short term investments, along with related derivatives and access to borrowing facilities, will be sufficient to fund capital expenditures, financial instrument liabilities and dividend payments going forward. It is the intention of the company to continue to reduce its financial indebtedness through a combination of strong operating cash flow generation and continued refinancing.

The following are the nominal contractual maturities of

non-derivative

financial liabilities including interest payments and derivative liabilities:



	31 December 2024

Million US dollar	Carrying amount		Contractual cash flows		Less than 1 year		1-2 years		2-3 years		3-5 years		More than 5 years

Non-derivative financial liabilities
Unsecured bond issues		(69 484)		(113 412)		(3 453)		(3 416)		(7 311)		(14 352)		(84 881)
Trade and other payables		(24 601)		(24 760)		(23 750)		(257)		(128)		(328)		(297)
Lease liabilities		(2 303)		(2 592)		(639)		(620)		(398)		(447)		(488)
Secured bank loans		(19)		(25)		(5)		(4)		(4)		(8)		(4)
Unsecured bank loans		(94)		(94)		(94)		-		-		-		-
Unsecured other loans		(269)		(297)		(172)		(94)		(20)		(2)		(9)
		(96 770)		(141 181)		(28 113)		(4 391)		(7 861)		(15 138)		(85 678)

Derivative financial liabilities
Equity derivatives		(5 614)		(5 614)		(5 614)		-		-		-		-
Foreign exchange derivatives		(52)		(52)		(52)		-		-		-		-
Cross currency interest rate swaps		(55)		(55)		9		9		(30)		1		(46)
Interest rate swaps		(94)		(94)		(93)		-		-		-		(1)
Commodity derivatives		(69)		(69)		(69)		-		-		-		-
		(5 885)		(5 885)		(5 818)		9		(30)		1		(47)

Of which: related to cash flow hedges		(134)		(134)		(91)		(2)		(38)		-		(4)


	31 December 2023

Million US dollar	Carrying amount		Contractual cash flows		Less than 1 year		1-2 years		2-3 years		3-5 years		More than 5 years

Non-derivative financial liabilities
Unsecured bond issues		(74 410)		(125 728)		(5 689)		(3 699)		(6 352)		(16 731)		(93 258)
Trade and other payables		(26 719)		(27 020)		(26 026)		(233)		(156)		(240)		(365)
Lease liabilities		(2 829)		(3 228)		(823)		(596)		(472)		(599)		(738)
Secured bank loans		(415)		(426)		(395)		(5)		(5)		(10)		(10)
Unsecured bank loans		(182)		(182)		(182)		-		-		-		-
Unsecured other loans		(314)		(364)		(200)		(109)		(28)		(16)		(11)
Bank overdraft		(17)		(17)		(17)		-		-		-		-
		(104 886)		(156 965)		(33 331)		(4 642)		(7 013)		(17 597)		(94 383)

Derivative financial liabilities
Equity derivatives		(4 718)		(4 718)		(4 718)		-		-		-		-
Foreign exchange derivatives		(432)		(432)		(428)		-		(4)		-		-
Cross currency interest rate swaps		(164)		(164)		(14)		(34)		(13)		(103)		-
Interest rate swaps		(10)		(10)		(10)		-		-		-		-
Commodity derivatives		(145)		(145)		(145)		-		-		-		-
		(5 469)		(5 469)		(5 316)		(34)		(16)		(103)		-

Of which: related to cash flow hedges		(542)		(542)		(494)		(34)		-		(14)		-

I) CAPITAL MANAGEMENT

AB InBev continuously optimizes its capital structure to maximize shareholder value while keeping the financial flexibility to execute strategic projects. AB InBev’s capital structure policy and framework aim to optimize shareholder value through cash flow distribution to the company from its subsidiaries, while maintaining an investment-grade rating and minimizing investments with returns below AB InBev’s weighted average cost of capital. Besides the statutory minimum equity funding requirements that apply to the company’s subsidiaries in the different countries, AB InBev is not subject to any externally imposed capital requirements. Management uses the same debt/equity classifications as applied in the company’s IFRS reporting to analyze the capital structure.

J) FAIR VALUE

The following table summarizes the carrying amount and the fair value of the fixed rate interest-bearing financial liabilities as recognized in the statement of financial position. Floating rate interest-bearing financial liabilities, trade and other receivables and trade and other payables, lease liabilities and derivative financial instruments have been excluded from the analysis as their carrying amount is a reasonable approximation of their fair value.



Interest-bearing financial liabilities	31 December 2024				31 December 2023


Million US dollar	Carrying amount		Fair value		Carrying amount		Fair value

Fixed rate
US dollar		(45 800)		(45 558)		(49 917)		(52 268)
Euro		(21 915)		(21 605)		(20 379)		(19 796)
Pound sterling		(1 108)		(1 046)		(2 069)		(2 012)
Canadian dollar		(484)		(461)		(526)		(505)
Other		(375)		(373)		(558)		(554)
		(69 682)		(69 044)		(73 449)		(75 135)

The table sets out the fair value hierarchy based on the degree to which significant market inputs are observable:



Fair value hierarchy 31 December 2024 Million US dollar	Quoted (unadjusted) prices - level 1		Observable market inputs - level 2		Unobservable market inputs - level 3

Financial Assets
Held for trading (non-derivatives)		-		9		-
Derivatives at fair value through profit and loss		-		26		-
Derivatives in a cash flow hedge relationship		27		416		-
Derivatives in a net investment hedge relationship		-		345		-
		27		796		-
Financial Liabilities
Deferred consideration on acquisitions at fair value		-		-		288
Derivatives at fair value through profit and loss		-		5 644		-
Derivatives in a cash flow hedge relationship		29		105		-
Derivatives in a fair value hedge relationship		-		94		-
Derivatives in a net investment hedge relationship		-		14		-
		29		5 857		288



Fair value hierarchy 31 December 2023 Million US dollar	Quoted (unadjusted) prices - level 1		Observable market inputs - level 2		Unobservable market inputs - level 3

Financial Assets
Held for trading (non-derivatives)		-		9		-
Derivatives at fair value through profit and loss		-		51		-
Derivatives in a cash flow hedge relationship		28		381		-
Derivatives in a net investment hedge relationship		-		89		-
		28		530		-
Financial Liabilities
Deferred consideration on acquisitions at fair value		-		-		741
Derivatives at fair value through profit and loss		-		4 736		-
Derivatives in a cash flow hedge relationship		18		524		-
Derivatives in a fair value hedge relationship		-		10		-
Derivatives in a net investment hedge relationship		-		181		-
		18		5 451		741

There were no significant changes in the measurement and valuation techniques, or significant transfers between the levels of the financial assets and liabilities during the period. Movements in the fair value “level 3” category of financial liabilities, measured on a recurring basis, are mainly related to the settlement and remeasurement of deferred consideration from prior years acquisitions and the put option as described below.

Non-derivative

financial liabilities

As part of the 2012 shareholders agreement between Ambev and E. León Jimenes S.A. (“ELJ”), following the acquisition of Cervecería Nacional Dominicana S.A. (“CND”), a forward-purchase contract (combination of a put option and purchased call option) was put in place which may result in Ambev acquiring additional shares in CND. In July 2020, Ambev and ELJ amended the Shareholders’ Agreement to extend their partnership and change the terms and the exercise date of the call and put options. On 31 January 2024, ELJ exercised its put option to sell to Ambev approximately 12% of the shares of CND for a net consideration of 0.3 billion US dollar. The closing of the transaction resulted in Ambev’s participation in CND increasing from 85% to 97%. ELJ currently holds 3% of CND and the remaining put option is exercisable as from 2026. As at 31 December 2024, the put option on the remaining shares held by ELJ was valued at 195m US dollar (31 December 2023: 577m US dollar) and recognized as a deferred consideration on acquisitions at fair value in the “level 3” category above.

K) HEDGING RESERVES

The company’s hedging reserves disclosed in Note 21 C

hanges in equity and earnings per share

relate to the following instruments:



Million US dollar	Commodities		Foreign currency & others		Total hedging reserves

As per 1 January 2024		(304)		486		181
Change in fair value of hedging instrument recognized in OCI		54		519		573
Reclassified to profit or loss / cost of inventory		9		(273)		(264)
As per 31 December 2024		(241)		731		490



Million US dollar	Commodities		Foreign currency & others 1		Total hedging reserves

As per 1 January 2023		(476)		621		145
Change in fair value of hedging instrument recognized in OCI		(197)		(237)		(434)
Reclassified to profit or loss / cost of inventory		368		102		470
As per 31 December 2023		(304)		486		181

L) OFFSETTING FINANCIAL ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

The following financial assets and liabilities are subject to offsetting, enforceable master netting agreements and similar agreements:



	31 December 2024

Million US dollar	Gross amount		Net amount recognized in the statement of financial position 2		Other offsetting agreements 3		Total net amount

Derivative assets		815		815		(814)		1
Derivative liabilities		(5 886)		(5 886)		814		(5 071)


	31 December 2023

Million US dollar	Gross amount		Net amount recognized in the statement of financial position 2		Other offsetting agreements 3		Total net amount

Derivative assets		549		549		(538)		11
Derivative liabilities		(5 469)		(5 469)		538		(4 931)

1	Amended to conform to the 2024 presentation.

2	Net amount recognized in the statement of financial position after taking into account offsetting agreements that meet the offsetting criteria as per IFRS rules.

3	Other offsetting agreements include collateral and other guarantee instruments, as well as offsetting agreements that do not meet the offsetting criteria as per IFRS rules.