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Investments (Details) - EUR (€) € in Millions | 12 Months Ended
--- | ---
Dec. 31, 2020 | Dec. 31, 2019
Investments |  |
Book amount - beginning of the year | € 9,035 | € 7,044
Additions and subscriptions | 275 | 2,992
Divestments and reimbursements | (4) | (22)
Share of profit of equity-accounted investments | 38 | 161
Share of loss of equity-accounted investments | (1,733) | (184)
Deduction for dividends | (314) | (1,138)
Change in the scope of consolidation | 34 | 1
Currency translation differences | (603) | 86
Other changes | 21 | 73
Book amount - end of the year | 6,749 | 9,035
Investments in unconsolidated entities controlled by Eni |  |
Investments |  |
Book amount - beginning of the year | 86 | 95
Additions and subscriptions | 2 | 6
Divestments and reimbursements |  | (5)
Share of profit of equity-accounted investments | 3 | 6
Share of loss of equity-accounted investments | (2) | (10)
Deduction for dividends | (5) | (4)
Change in the scope of consolidation | 3 | 1
Currency translation differences | (4) | 2
Other changes | (3) | (5)
Book amount - end of the year | 80 | 86
Joint ventures |  |
Investments |  |
Book amount - beginning of the year | 4,592 | 5,497
Additions and subscriptions | 75 | 76
Divestments and reimbursements | (3) |
Share of profit of equity-accounted investments | 21 | 80
Share of loss of equity-accounted investments | (1,399) | (157)
Deduction for dividends | (296) | (1,073)
Change in the scope of consolidation | 30 |
Currency translation differences | (254) | 67
Other changes | 66 | 80
Book amount - end of the year | 2,832 | 4,592
Associates |  |
Investments |  |
Book amount - beginning of the year | 4,357 | 1,452
Additions and subscriptions | 198 | 2,910
Divestments and reimbursements | (1) | (17)
Share of profit of equity-accounted investments | 14 | 75
Share of loss of equity-accounted investments | (332) | (17)
Deduction for dividends | (13) | (61)
Change in the scope of consolidation | 1 |
Currency translation differences | (345) | 17
Other changes | (42) | (2)
Book amount - end of the year | € 3,837 | 4,357
Changes in accounting policies (IAS 28) |  |
Investments |  |
Book amount - beginning of the year |  | 22
Changes in accounting policies (IAS 28) | Joint ventures |  |
Investments |  |
Book amount - beginning of the year |  | 22
After initial application |  |
Investments |  |
Book amount - beginning of the year |  | 7,066
After initial application | Investments in unconsolidated entities controlled by Eni |  |
Investments |  |
Book amount - beginning of the year |  | 95
After initial application | Joint ventures |  |
Investments |  |
Book amount - beginning of the year |  | 5,519
After initial application | Associates |  |
Investments |  |
Book amount - beginning of the year |  | € 1,452

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