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Provisions for employee benefits | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2020
Provisions for employee benefits |
Provisions for employee benefits | 21 Provisions for employee benefits
(€ million) |  | December 31, 2020 |  | December 31, 2019
Italian defined benefit plans |  | 258 |  | 269
Foreign defined benefit plans |  | 493 |  | 412
FISDE, foreign medical plans and other |  | 182 |  | 177
Defined benefit plans |  | 933 |  | 858
Other benefit plans |  | 268 |  | 278
Provision for employee benefits |  | 1,201 |  | 1,136
The liability relating to Eni’s commitment to cover the healthcare costs of personnel is determined based on the contributions paid by the Company. Other employee benefit plans related to deferred monetary incentive plans for €128 million, the isopensione plans (a post retirement benefit plan applicable to a specific category of employees) of Eni gas e luce SpA for €97 million, jubilee awards for €28 million and other long-term plans for €15 million. Present value of employee benefits, estimated by applying actuarial techniques, consisted of the following:
|  | 2020 |  | 2019
|  |  |  |  |  | FISDE, |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | FISDE, |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  | foreign |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | foreign |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Italian |  | Foreign |  | medical |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Italian |  | Foreign |  | medical |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | defined |  | defined |  | plans |  | Defined |  | Other |  |  |  | defined |  | defined |  | plans |  | Defined |  | Other |  |
|  | benefit |  | benefit |  | and |  | benefit |  | benefit |  |  |  | benefit |  | benefit |  | and |  | benefit |  | benefit |  |
(€ million) |  | plans |  | plans |  | other |  | plans |  | plans |  | Total |  | plans |  | plans |  | other |  | plans |  | plans |  | Total
Present value of benefit liabilities at beginning of year |  | 269 |  | 1,044 |  | 177 |  | 1,490 |  | 278 |  | 1,768 |  | 275 |  | 925 |  | 148 |  | 1,348 |  | 309 |  | 1,657
Current cost |  |  |  | 23 |  | 3 |  | 26 |  | 50 |  | 76 |  |  |  | 19 |  | 2 |  | 21 |  | 55 |  | 76
Interest cost |  | 2 |  | 27 |  | 2 |  | 31 |  | 1 |  | 32 |  | 4 |  | 37 |  | 3 |  | 44 |  | 1 |  | 45
Remeasurements: |  | 5 |  | 48 |  | 13 |  | 66 |  | 4 |  | 70 |  | 5 |  | 41 |  | 24 |  | 70 |  | 1 |  | 71
- actuarial (gains) losses due to changes in demographic assumptions |  | (3) |  | (10) |  | 2 |  | (11) |  | 2 |  | (9) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
- actuarial (gains) losses due to changes in financial assumptions |  | 9 |  | 71 |  | 13 |  | 93 |  | 5 |  | 98 |  | 7 |  | 50 |  | 3 |  | 60 |  | 1 |  | 61
- experience (gains) losses |  | (1) |  | (13) |  | (2) |  | (16) |  | (3) |  | (19) |  | (2) |  | (9) |  | 21 |  | 10 |  |  |  | 10
Past service cost and (gains) losses settlements |  |  |  | (2) |  |  |  | (2) |  | 20 |  | 18 |  |  |  | 1 |  | 8 |  | 9 |  | (2) |  | 7
Plan contributions: |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1
- employee contributions |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1
Benefits paid |  | (20) |  | (33) |  | (9) |  | (62) |  | (63) |  | (125) |  | (15) |  | (28) |  | (9) |  | (52) |  | (88) |  | (140)
Currency translation differences and other changes |  | 2 |  | 32 |  | (4) |  | 30 |  | (22) |  | 8 |  |  |  | 48 |  | 1 |  | 49 |  | 2 |  | 51
Present value of benefit liabilities at end of year (a) |  | 258 |  | 1,140 |  | 182 |  | 1,580 |  | 268 |  | 1,848 |  | 269 |  | 1,044 |  | 177 |  | 1,490 |  | 278 |  | 1,768
Plan assets at beginning of year |  |  |  | 632 |  |  |  | 632 |  |  |  | 632 |  |  |  | 545 |  |  |  | 545 |  |  |  | 545
Interest income |  |  |  | 15 |  |  |  | 15 |  |  |  | 15 |  |  |  | 20 |  |  |  | 20 |  |  |  | 20
Return on plan assets |  |  |  | 51 |  |  |  | 51 |  |  |  | 51 |  |  |  | 23 |  |  |  | 23 |  |  |  | 23
Past service cost and (gains) losses settlements |  |  |  | (3) |  |  |  | (3) |  |  |  | (3) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Plan contributions: |  |  |  | 15 |  |  |  | 15 |  |  |  | 15 |  |  |  | 14 |  |  |  | 14 |  |  |  | 14
- employee contributions |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1
- employer contributions |  |  |  | 14 |  |  |  | 14 |  |  |  | 14 |  |  |  | 13 |  |  |  | 13 |  |  |  | 13
Benefits paid |  |  |  | (21) |  |  |  | (21) |  |  |  | (21) |  |  |  | (19) |  |  |  | (19) |  |  |  | (19)
Currency translation differences and other changes |  |  |  | (41) |  |  |  | (41) |  |  |  | (41) |  |  |  | 49 |  |  |  | 49 |  |  |  | 49
Plan assets at end of year (b) |  |  |  | 648 |  |  |  | 648 |  |  |  | 648 |  |  |  | 632 |  |  |  | 632 |  |  |  | 632
Asset ceiling at beginning of year |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 5 |  |  |  | 5
Change in asset ceiling |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | (5) |  |  |  | (5) |  |  |  | (5)
Asset ceiling at end of year (c) |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net liability recognized at end of year (a-b+c) |  | 258 |  | 493 |  | 182 |  | 933 |  | 268 |  | 1,201 |  | 269 |  | 412 |  | 177 |  | 858 |  | 278 |  | 1,136
Employee benefit plans included the liability attributable to partners operating in exploration and production activities of €268 million (€175 million at December 31, 2019). Eni recorded a receivable for an amount equivalent to such liability. Costs charged to the profit and loss account, valued using actuarial assumptions, consisted of the following:
|  |  |  |  |  | FISDE, |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Italian |  | Foreign |  | foreign |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | defined |  | defined |  | medical |  | Defined |  | Other |  |
|  | benefit |  | benefit |  | plans and |  | benefit |  | benefit |  |
(€ million) |  | plans |  | plans |  | other |  | plans |  | plans |  | Total
2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current cost |  |  |  | 23 |  | 3 |  | 26 |  | 50 |  | 76
Past service cost and (gains) losses on settlements |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  | 20 |  | 21
Interest cost (income), net: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
- interest cost on liabilities |  | 2 |  | 27 |  | 2 |  | 31 |  | 1 |  | 32
- interest income on plan assets |  |  |  | (15) |  |  |  | (15) |  |  |  | (15)
Total interest cost (income), net |  | 2 |  | 12 |  | 2 |  | 16 |  | 1 |  | 17
- of which recognized in “Payroll and related cost” |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1 |  | 1
- of which recognized in “Financial income (expense)” |  | 2 |  | 12 |  | 2 |  | 16 |  |  |  | 16
Remeasurements for long-term plans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4 |  | 4
Total |  | 2 |  | 36 |  | 5 |  | 43 |  | 75 |  | 118
- of which recognized in “Payroll and related cost” |  |  |  | 24 |  | 3 |  | 27 |  | 75 |  | 102
- of which recognized in “Financial income (expense)” |  | 2 |  | 12 |  | 2 |  | 16 |  |  |  | 16
2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Current cost |  |  |  | 19 |  | 2 |  | 21 |  | 55 |  | 76
Past service cost and (gains) losses on settlements |  |  |  | 1 |  | 8 |  | 9 |  | (2) |  | 7
Interest cost (income), net: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
- interest cost on liabilities |  | 4 |  | 37 |  | 3 |  | 44 |  | 1 |  | 45
- interest income on plan assets |  |  |  | (20) |  |  |  | (20) |  |  |  | (20)
Total interest cost (income), net |  | 4 |  | 17 |  | 3 |  | 24 |  | 1 |  | 25
- of which recognized in “Payroll and related cost” |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1 |  | 1
- of which recognized in “Financial income (expense)” |  | 4 |  | 17 |  | 3 |  | 24 |  |  |  | 24
Remeasurements for long-term plans |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1 |  | 1
Total |  | 4 |  | 37 |  | 13 |  | 54 |  | 55 |  | 109
- of which recognized in “Payroll and related cost” |  |  |  | 20 |  | 10 |  | 30 |  | 55 |  | 85
- of which recognized in “Financial income (expense)” |  | 4 |  | 17 |  | 3 |  | 24 |  |  |  | 24
Costs of defined benefit plans recognized in other comprehensive income consisted of the following:
|  | 2020 |  | 2019
|  |  |  |  |  | FISDE, |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | FISDE, |  |
|  | Italian |  |  |  | foreign |  |  |  | Italian |  | Foreign |  | foreign |  |
|  | defined |  | Foreign |  | medical |  |  |  | defined |  | defined |  | medical |  |
|  | benefit |  | defined |  | plans and |  |  |  | benefit |  | benefit |  | plans and |  |
(€ million) |  | plans |  | benefit plans |  | other |  | Total |  | plans |  | plans |  | other |  | Total
Remeasurements |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Actuarial (gains)/losses due to changes in demographic assumptions |  | (3) |  | (10) |  | 2 |  | (11) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Actuarial (gains)/losses due to changes in financial assumptions |  | 9 |  | 71 |  | 13 |  | 93 |  | 7 |  | 50 |  | 3 |  | 60
Experience (gains) losses |  | (1) |  | (13) |  | (2) |  | (16) |  | (2) |  | (9) |  | 21 |  | 10
Return on plan assets |  |  |  | (51) |  |  |  | (51) |  |  |  | (23) |  |  |  | (23)
Change in asset ceiling |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | (5) |  |  |  | (5)
|  | 5 |  | (2) |  | 13 |  | 16 |  | 5 |  | 13 |  | 24 |  | 42
Plan assets consisted of the following:
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Assets |  |  |  |
|  | Cash and |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | held by |  |  |  |
|  | cash |  | Equity |  | Debt |  | Real |  |  |  | Investment |  | insurance |  |  |  |
(€ million) |  | equivalents |  | securities |  | securities |  | estate |  | Derivatives |  | funds |  | company |  | Other |  | Total
December 31, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Plan assets with a quoted market price |  | 117 |  | 38 |  | 297 |  | 8 |  | 2 |  | 76 |  | 20 |  | 87 |  | 645
Plan assets without a quoted market price |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | 3
|  | 117 |  | 38 |  | 297 |  | 8 |  | 2 |  | 76 |  | 23 |  | 87 |  | 648
December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Plan assets with a quoted market price |  | 32 |  | 39 |  | 388 |  | 7 |  | 2 |  | 79 |  | 17 |  | 65 |  | 629
Plan assets without a quoted market price |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | 3
|  | 32 |  | 39 |  | 388 |  | 7 |  | 2 |  | 79 |  | 20 |  | 65 |  | 632
The main actuarial assumptions used in the measurement of the liabilities at year-end and in the estimate of costs expected for 2021 consisted of the following:
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | FISDE, foreign |  | Other
|  |  |  | Italian defined |  | Foreign defined |  | medical plans |  | benefit
|  |  |  | benefit plans |  | benefit plans |  | and other |  | plans
2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discount rate |  | (%) |  | 0.3 |  | 0.1-14.7 |  | 0.3 |  | 0.0-0.3
Rate of compensation increase |  | (%) |  | 1.8 |  | 1.3-12.5 |  |  |  |
Rate of price inflation |  | (%) |  | 0.8 |  | 0.8-12.2 |  | 0.8 |  | 0.8
Life expectations on retirement at age 65 |  | (years) |  |  |  | 13-26 |  | 24 |  |
2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discount rate |  | (%) |  | 0.7 |  | 0.0-13.7 |  | 0.7 |  | 0.0-0.7
Rate of compensation increase |  | (%) |  | 1.7 |  | 1.3-12.5 |  |  |  |
Rate of price inflation |  | (%) |  | 0.7 |  | 0.8-11.3 |  | 0.7 |  | 0.7
Life expectations on retirement at age 65 |  | (years) |  |  |  | 13-25 |  | 24 |  |
The following is an analysis by geographical area related to the main actuarial assumptions used in the valuation of the principal foreign defined benefit plans:
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Foreign
|  |  |  | Euro |  | Rest |  |  |  | Other |  | defined
|  |  |  | area |  | of Europe |  | Africa |  | areas |  | benefit plans
2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discount rate |  | (%) |  | 0.4-0.8 |  | 0.1-1.4 |  | 2.6-14.7 |  | 6.4-9.8 |  | 0.1-14.7
Rate of compensation increase |  | (%) |  | 1.3-3.0 |  | 2.5-3.6 |  | 2.0-12.5 |  | 5.0-9.8 |  | 1.3-12.5
Rate of price inflation |  | (%) |  | 1.3-1.9 |  | 0.8-3.1 |  | 2.6-12.2 |  | 3.0-5.0 |  | 0.8-12.2
Life expectations on retirement at age 65 |  | (years) |  | 21-22 |  | 23-26 |  | 13-17 |  |  |  | 13-26
2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Discount rate |  | (%) |  | 0.8-1.0 |  | 0.0-2.0 |  | 2.6-13.7 |  | 7.3-11.3 |  | 0.0-13.7
Rate of compensation increase |  | (%) |  | 1.3-3.0 |  | 2.5-3.6 |  | 2.0-12.5 |  | 10.0-11.3 |  | 1.3-12.5
Rate of price inflation |  | (%) |  | 1.3-2.0 |  | 0.8-3.1 |  | 2.6-11.3 |  | 3.3‑5.0 |  | 0.8-11.3
Life expectations on retirement at age 65 |  | (years) |  | 21-22 |  | 24-25 |  | 13‑17 |  |  |  | 13-25
The effects of a possible change in the main actuarial assumptions at the end of the year are listed below:
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Rate of
|  |  |  |  |  | Rate |  | Rate of |  | Healthcare |  | increases to
|  |  |  |  |  | of price |  | increases in |  | cost |  | pensions in
|  | Discount rate |  | inflation |  | pensionable salaries |  | trend rate |  | payment
(€ million) |  | 0.5% Increase |  | 0.5% Decrease |  | 0.5% Increase |  | 0.5% Increase |  | 0.5% Increase |  | 0.5% Increase
December 31, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Italian defined benefit plans |  | (10) |  | 6 |  | 7 |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign defined benefit plans |  | (84) |  | 92 |  | 47 |  | 25 |  |  |  | 67
FISDE, foreign medical plans and other |  | (10) |  | 7 |  |  |  |  |  | 11 |  |
Other benefit plans |  | (3) |  | 1 |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |
December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Italian defined benefit plans |  | (12) |  | 13 |  | 8 |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign defined benefit plans |  | (67) |  | 77 |  | 31 |  | 18 |  |  |  | 34
FISDE, foreign medical plans and other |  | (9) |  | 10 |  |  |  |  |  | 10 |  |
Other benefit plans |  | (4) |  | 1 |  | 1 |  |  |  |  |  |
The sensitivity analysis was performed based on the results for each plan through assessments calculated considering modified parameters. The amount of contributions expected to be paid for employee benefit plans in the next year amounted to €132 million, of which €61 million related to defined benefit plans. The following is an analysis by maturity date of the liabilities for employee benefit plans and their relative weighted average duration:
|  |  |  | Foreign |  | FISDE, foreign |  |
|  | Italian defined |  | defined benefit |  | medical plans |  | Other benefit
(€ million) |  | benefit plans |  | plans |  | and other |  | plans
December 31, 2020 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
2021 |  | 12 |  | 44 |  | 8 |  | 71
2022 |  | 13 |  | 42 |  | 7 |  | 66
2023 |  | 17 |  | 50 |  | 7 |  | 63
2024 |  | 20 |  | 63 |  | 7 |  | 16
2025 |  | 21 |  | 67 |  | 7 |  | 12
2026 and thereafter |  | 175 |  | 227 |  | 146 |  | 40
Weighted average duration (years) |  | 8.2 |  | 19.1 |  | 13.7 |  | 2.8
December 31, 2019 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
2020 |  | 17 |  | 33 |  | 9 |  | 73
2021 |  | 16 |  | 35 |  | 8 |  | 68
2022 |  | 12 |  | 32 |  | 7 |  | 61
2023 |  | 10 |  | 39 |  | 7 |  | 17
2024 |  | 15 |  | 49 |  | 7 |  | 14
2025 and thereafter |  | 199 |  | 224 |  | 139 |  | 45
Weighted average duration (years) |  | 9.4 |  | 18.1 |  | 13.3 |  | 3.0

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- Definition Provisions for Employee Benefits. + References No definition available. + Details
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- Definition The entire disclosure for employee benefits. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 19 -IssueDate 2020-01-01 -Section Scope -URI http://eifrs.ifrs.org/eifrs/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=19&code=ifrs-tx-2020-en-r&doctype=Standard&dita_xref=IAS19_g2-7_TI -URIDate 2020-01-01 + Details
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