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Intangible assets (Details) - EUR (€)
€ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Intangible assets    
Net carrying amount - beginning of the year € 3,059 € 3,170
Additions 237 311
Amortization (275) (291)
Impairments (54) (117)
Reversals 24  
Write-off (24) (30)
Change in the scope of consolidation 77  
Currency translation differences (83) 22
Other changes (25) (6)
Net carrying amount at the end of the year 2,936 3,059
Intangible assets with finite useful lives    
Intangible assets    
Net carrying amount - beginning of the year 1,794 1,886
Additions 237 311
Amortization (275) (291)
Impairments (30) (91)
Reversals 24  
Write-off (24) (30)
Change in the scope of consolidation 7  
Currency translation differences (69) 19
Other changes (25) (10)
Net carrying amount at the end of the year 1,639 1,794
Exploration rights    
Intangible assets    
Net carrying amount - beginning of the year 1,031 1,081
Additions 18 78
Amortization (53) (81)
Impairments (23) (19)
Write-off (19) (28)
Currency translation differences (66) 18
Other changes   (18)
Net carrying amount at the end of the year 888 1,031
Industrial patents and intellectual property rights    
Intangible assets    
Net carrying amount - beginning of the year 195 221
Additions 23 23
Amortization (92) (93)
Write-off (5) (1)
Other changes 41 45
Net carrying amount at the end of the year 162 195
Other intangible assets    
Intangible assets    
Net carrying amount - beginning of the year 568 584
Additions 196 210
Amortization (130) (117)
Impairments (7) (72)
Reversals 24  
Write-off   (1)
Change in the scope of consolidation 7  
Currency translation differences (3) 1
Other changes (66) (37)
Net carrying amount at the end of the year 589 568
Goodwill    
Intangible assets    
Net carrying amount - beginning of the year 1,265 1,284
Impairments (24) (26)
Change in the scope of consolidation 70  
Currency translation differences (14) 3
Other changes   4
Net carrying amount at the end of the year 1,297 1,265
Gross carrying amount | Intangible assets with finite useful lives    
Intangible assets    
Net carrying amount - beginning of the year 7,718  
Net carrying amount at the end of the year 7,635 7,718
Gross carrying amount | Exploration rights    
Intangible assets    
Net carrying amount - beginning of the year 1,748  
Net carrying amount at the end of the year 1,613 1,748
Gross carrying amount | Industrial patents and intellectual property rights    
Intangible assets    
Net carrying amount - beginning of the year 1,597  
Net carrying amount at the end of the year 1,623 1,597
Gross carrying amount | Other intangible assets    
Intangible assets    
Net carrying amount - beginning of the year 4,373  
Net carrying amount at the end of the year 4,399 4,373
Accumulated depreciation, amortisation and impairment | Intangible assets with finite useful lives    
Intangible assets    
Net carrying amount - beginning of the year (5,924)  
Net carrying amount at the end of the year (5,996) (5,924)
Accumulated depreciation, amortisation and impairment | Exploration rights    
Intangible assets    
Net carrying amount - beginning of the year (717)  
Net carrying amount at the end of the year (725) (717)
Accumulated depreciation, amortisation and impairment | Industrial patents and intellectual property rights    
Intangible assets    
Net carrying amount - beginning of the year (1,402)  
Net carrying amount at the end of the year (1,461) (1,402)
Accumulated depreciation, amortisation and impairment | Other intangible assets    
Intangible assets    
Net carrying amount - beginning of the year (3,805)  
Net carrying amount at the end of the year € (3,810) € (3,805)