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Property, plant and equipment | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2021
Property, plant and equipment |
Property, plant and equipment | 12 Property, plant and equipment ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Other tangible | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | E&P wells, | ​ | ​ | ​ | E&P exploration | ​ | E&P tangible | ​ | assets in | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | Land and | ​ | plant and | ​ | Other plant | ​ | assets and | ​ | assets in | ​ | progress and | ​ | ​
(€ million) |  | buildings |  | machinery |  | and machinery |  | appraisal |  | progress |  | advances |  | Total
2021 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Net carrying amount - beginning of the year |  | 1,128 | ​ | 39,648 | ​ | 3,299 | ​ | 1,341 | ​ | 7,118 | ​ | 1,409 | ​ | 53,943
Additions |  | 18 | ​ | 8 | ​ | 277 | ​ | 380 | ​ | 3,413 | ​ | 854 | ​ | 4,950
Depreciation capitalized |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 28 | ​ | 90 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 118
Depreciation (*) | ​ | (49) | ​ | (5,421) | ​ | (496) | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | (5,966)
Reversals |  | ​ | ​ | 1,080 | ​ | 118 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 337 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 1,535
Impairment |  | (101) | ​ | (90) | ​ | (768) | ​ | ​ | ​ | (85) | ​ | (582) | ​ | (1,626)
Write-off |  | (1) | ​ | ​ | ​ | (2) | ​ | (331) | ​ | (18) | ​ | ​ | ​ | (352)
Currency translation differences |  | 2 | ​ | 2,956 | ​ | 66 | ​ | 106 | ​ | 546 | ​ | 12 | ​ | 3,688
Initial recognition and changes in estimates |  | ​ | ​ | 200 | ​ | ​ | ​ | (9) | ​ | 4 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 195
Changes in the scope of consolidation | ​ | 22 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 1,001 | ​ | (199) | ​ | (1,119) | ​ | 43 | ​ | (252)
Transfers |  | 50 | ​ | 3,841 | ​ | 409 | ​ | (44) | ​ | (3,797) | ​ | (459) | ​ | ​
Other changes |  | 2 | ​ | 120 | ​ | (54) | ​ | (28) | ​ | 56 | ​ | (30) | ​ | 66
Net carrying amount - end of the year |  | 1,071 | ​ | 42,342 | ​ | 3,850 | ​ | 1,244 | ​ | 6,545 | ​ | 1,247 | ​ | 56,299
Gross carrying amount - end of the year |  | 4,175 | ​ | 149,117 | ​ | 30,618 | ​ | 1,244 | ​ | 10,485 | ​ | 3,107 | ​ | 198,746
Provisions for depreciation and impairments |  | 3,104 | ​ | 106,775 | ​ | 26,768 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 3,940 | ​ | 1,860 | ​ | 142,447
2020 |  |  |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  |  |  |  |  |
Net carrying amount - beginning of the year |  | 1,218 |  | 46,492 |  | 3,632 |  | 1,563 |  | 7,412 |  | 1,875 |  | 62,192
Additions |  | 12 |  | 6 |  | 229 |  | 265 |  | 3,127 |  | 768 |  | 4,407
Depreciation capitalized | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 4 | ​ | 100 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 104
Depreciation (*) |  | (55) |  | (5,642) |  | (508) |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | (6,205)
Reversals |  | 13 |  | 183 |  | 342 |  | ​ |  | 98 |  | 12 |  | 648
Impairment |  | (82) |  | (1,551) |  | (972) |  | ​ |  | (567) |  | (582) |  | (3,754)
Write-off |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | (1) |  | (296) |  | (7) |  | (1) |  | (305)
Currency translation differences |  | (2) |  | (3,325) |  | (75) |  | (119) |  | (605) |  | (14) |  | (4,140)
Initial recognition and changes in estimates | ​ | ​ | ​ | 870 | ​ | ​ | ​ | (9) | ​ | 94 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 955
Transfers |  | 39 |  | 2,677 |  | 755 |  | (47) |  | (2,630) |  | (794) |  | ​
Other changes |  | (15) |  | (62) |  | (103) |  | (20) |  | 96 |  | 145 |  | 41
Net carrying amount - end of the year |  | 1,128 |  | 39,648 |  | 3,299 |  | 1,341 |  | 7,118 |  | 1,409 |  | 53,943
Gross carrying amount - end of the year |  | 4,082 |  | 136,468 |  | 28,839 |  | 1,341 |  | 11,169 |  | 2,742 |  | 184,641
Provisions for depreciation and impairments |  | 2,954 |  | 96,820 |  | 25,540 |  | ​ |  | 4,051 |  | 1,333 |  | 130,698
​ (*)Before capitalization of depreciation of tangible assets Capital expenditures included capitalized finance expenses of €68 million (€73 million in 2020) related to the Exploration & Production segment for €54 million (€51 million in 2020). The interest rate used for capitalizing finance expense ranged from 0.4% to 2.1% (1.3% to 2.2% at December 31, 2020). Capital expenditures primarily related to the Exploration & Production segment for €3,843 million (€3,444 million in 2020). Capital expenditures by industry segment and geographical area of destination are reported in note 35 - Segment information and information by geographical area. The main depreciation rates used were substantially unchanged from the previous year and ranged as follows: ​
​ | ​ | ​
(%) |  | ​
Buildings |  | 2–10
Mineral exploration wells and plants |  | UOP
Refining and chemical plants |  | 3–17
Gas pipelines and compression stations |  | 4–12
Power plants |  | 3–5
Other plant and machinery |  | 6–12
Industrial and commercial equipment |  | 5–25
Other assets |  | 10–20
​ The criteria adopted by Eni for determining impairment losses and reversal is reported in note 15 – Impairment review of tangible and intangible assets and right-of-use assets. Currency translation differences related to subsidiaries which utilize the U.S. dollar as functional currency (€3,603 million). Initial recognition and change in estimates include the increase in the asset retirement cost of Exploration & Production segment mainly due to the cost reduction, partially offset by the increase in discount rates and in estimated costs for social projects to be incurred in respect to the commitments being formalized between Eni SpA and the Basilicata region, following to the development plan of oilfields in Val d'Agri relating to royalties for mineral concessions (€134 million). Changes in the scope of consolidation related to: (i) the deconsolidation of Mozambique Rovuma Venture SpA following the change from joint operation to joint venture for €1,318 million; (ii) the acquisition of companies by the Plenitude business line for €658 million referring in particular to onshore wind assets already in operation in Italy (€423 million); (iii) the acquisition of Spanish Egyptian Gas Co SAE (now Damietta LNG (DLNG) SAE) for €176 million as part of the restructuring of the formerly equity-accounted Unión Fenosa Gas SA. More information on business combinations is provided in note 5 - Business combinations and other significant transactions. Transfers from E&P tangible assets in progress to E&P UOP wells, plant and machinery related for €3,556 million to the commissioning of wells, plants and machinery primarily in Indonesia, Egypt, Kazakhstan, United States, Angola, Italy, Iraq and Mexico. In 2021, exploration and appraisal activities comprised write-offs of unsuccessful exploration wells costs for €331 million mainly in Gabon, Montenegro, Myanmar, Bahrain, Egypt and Angola. Other changes include the carrying amount of a 5% participating interest in the OML 17 property in Nigeria, which has been divested to a local operator. The transaction is currently being reviewed by the Nigerian antitrust authorities for alleged lack of communication regarding the transaction. Exploration and appraisal activities related for €1,101 million to the costs of suspended exploration wells pending final determination of commerciality and management’s continuing commitment and for €136 million to costs of exploration wells in progress at the end of the year. Changes relating to suspended wells are reported below: ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
(€ million) |  | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2019
Costs for exploratory wells suspended - beginning of the year |  | 1,268 |  | 1,246 |  | 1,101
Increases for which is ongoing the determination of proved reserves |  | 288 |  | 408 |  | 368
Amounts previously capitalized and expensed in the year |  | (286) |  | (226) |  | (183)
Reclassification to successful exploratory wells following the estimation of proved reserves |  | (43) |  | (48) |  | (46)
Disposals |  | (3) |  | ​ |  | (15)
Changes in the scope of consolidation |  | (199) |  | ​ |  | ​
Currency translation differences |  | 100 |  | (112) |  | 21
Other changes | ​ | (24) | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Costs for exploratory wells suspended - end of the year |  | 1,101 |  | 1,268 |  | 1,246
​ The following information relates to the stratification of the suspended wells pending final determination (ageing): ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | 2021 |  | 2020 |  | 2019
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | (number of | ​ | ​ | ​ | (number of | ​ | ​ | ​ | (number of
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | wells in Eni’s | ​ | ​ | ​ | wells in Eni’s | ​ | ​ | ​ | wells in Eni’s
​ |  | (€ million) |  | interest) |  | (€ million) |  | interest) |  | (€ million) |  | interest)
Costs capitalized and suspended for exploratory well activity | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
- within 1 year |  | 175 |  | 4.0 |  | 157 |  | 6.7 |  | 185 |  | 7.7
- between 1 and 3 years |  | 269 |  | 12.2 |  | 250 |  | 11.0 |  | 171 |  | 6.4
- beyond 3 years |  | 657 |  | 19.7 |  | 861 |  | 19.3 |  | 890 |  | 26.4
​ |  | 1,101 |  | 35.9 |  | 1,268 |  | 37.0 |  | 1,246 |  | 40.5
Costs capitalized for suspended wells |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  |  |  |
- fields including wells drilled over the last 12 months |  | 175 |  | 4.0 |  | 157 |  | 6.7 |  | 185 |  | 7.7
- fields for which the delineation campaign is in progress |  | 567 |  | 17.9 |  | 631 |  | 14.9 |  | 556 |  | 11.3
- fields including commercial discoveries that proceeds to sanctioning |  | 359 |  | 14.0 |  | 480 |  | 15.4 |  | 505 |  | 21.5
​ |  | 1,101 |  | 35.9 |  | 1,268 |  | 37.0 |  | 1,246 |  | 40.5
​ Suspended wells costs awaiting a final investment decision amounted to €359 million and primarily related to several initiatives in the main countries of presence (Angola, Congo, Egypt, Indonesia and Nigeria). Unproved mineral interests, comprised in assets in progress of the Exploration & Production segment, include the purchase price allocated to unproved reserves following business combinations or acquisition of individual properties. Unproved mineral interests were as follows: ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | United Arab | ​ | ​
(€ million) |  | Congo |  | Nigeria |  | Turkmenistan |  | USA |  | Algeria |  | Egypt |  | Emirates |  | Total
2021 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Carrying amount - beginning of the year |  | 203 | ​ | 860 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 114 | ​ | 100 | ​ | 18 | ​ | 468 | ​ | 1,763
Additions |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 3 | ​ | 6 | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | 9
Net (impairments) reversals |  | (1) | ​ | ​ | ​ | 3 | ​ | 35 | ​ | ​ | ​ | (2) | ​ | ​ | ​ | 35
Reclassification to Proved Mineral Interest |  | ​ | ​ | (48) | ​ | ​ | ​ | (92) | ​ | ​ | ​ | (1) | ​ | ​ | ​ | (141)
Currency translation differences |  | 16 | ​ | 80 | ​ | ​ | ​ | 8 | ​ | 8 | ​ | 1 | ​ | 40 | ​ | 153
Carrying amount - end of the year |  | 218 | ​ | 892 | ​ | 3 | ​ | 68 | ​ | 114 | ​ | 16 | ​ | 508 | ​ | 1,819
2020 |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​
Carrying amount - beginning of the year |  | 253 |  | 939 |  | 139 |  | 162 |  | 115 |  | 19 |  | 535 |  | 2,162
Additions |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | 55 |  | 2 |  | ​ |  | 57
Net (impairments) reversals |  | (25) |  | ​ |  | (134) |  | (37) |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | (196)
Reclassification to Proved Mineral Interest |  | ​ |  | ​ |  | (2) |  | ​ |  | (61) |  | (2) |  | (25) |  | (90)
Currency translation differences |  | (25) |  | (79) |  | (3) |  | (11) |  | (9) |  | (1) |  | (42) |  | (170)
Carrying amount - end of the year |  | 203 |  | 860 |  | ​ |  | 114 |  | 100 |  | 18 |  | 468 |  | 1,763
​ Unproved mineral interests comprised the Oil Prospecting License 245 property (“OPL 245”), offshore Nigeria, for €867 million corresponding to the price paid in 2011 to the Nigerian Government to acquire a 50% interest in the property, with another international oil company acquiring the remaining 50%. As of December 31, 2021, the net book value of the property amounted to €1,176 million, including capitalized exploration costs and pre-development costs. The acquisition of OPL 245 is subject to judicial proceedings in Italy and in Nigeria for alleged corruption and money laundering in respect of the Resolution Agreement signed on April 29, 2011, relating to the purchase of the license. This proceeding is disclosed in note 28 – Guarantees, Commitments and Risks – legal proceedings. The exploration period of the license OPL 245 expired on May 11, 2021. Eni is awaiting the conversion of the license into an Oil Mining Lease (OML) from the relevant Nigerian authorities to start the development of the reserves, having submitted an application for the conversion within the contractual terms and having verified compliance with all conditions and requirements provided for. Based on these considerations, Eni believes to have acquired the right to conversion. Consistently, the assessment of the recoverability of the asset book value was made in accordance with its value-in-use, which confirmed the book value also incorporating a stress test assuming possible delays in the start of production activities. In September 2020 Eni started an arbitration at ICSID, the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes, to protect the value of its asset. In case of refusal to conversion, a continuing deadlock by the Nigerian authorities or other action suggesting an expropriation, in the next financial reports the Company will consider a reclassification of the asset in a dedicated line item and the evaluation of the underlying right for compensation. Accumulated provisions for impairments amounted to €20,796 million (€20,343 million at December 31, 2020). Property, plant and equipment include assets subject to operating leases for €372 million, essentially relating to service stations of the Refining & Marketing business line. At December 31, 2021, Eni pledged property, plant and equipment for €24 million to guarantee payments of excise duties (same amount as of December 31, 2020). Government grants recorded as a decrease of property, plant and equipment amounted to €105 million (€103 million at December 31, 2020). Contractual commitments related to the purchase of property, plant and equipment are disclosed in note 28 – Guarantees, commitments and risks — Liquidity risk. Property, plant and equipment under concession arrangements are described in note 28 – Guarantees, commitments and risks.

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