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Non-interest income | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2021
Non-interest income |
Non-interest income | 2 Non-interest income There are three main categories of non-interest income: net fees and commissions, income from trading activities, and other operating income. Net fees and commissions is the difference between fees received from customers for services provided by Natwest Group, such as credit card annual fees, mortgage arrangement fees, underwriting fees, payment services, brokerage fees, trade finance, investment management fees, trustee and fiduciary services, and fees incurred in the provision of those services, such as credit card interchange fees, customer incentives, loan administration, foreign currency transaction charges, brokerage fees, and mortgage valuation reports. Income from trading activities is earned from short-term financial assets and financial liabilities to either make a spread between purchase and sale price or held to take advantage of movements in prices and yields. Other operating income includes revenue from other operating activities which are not related to the principal activities of the company, such as share of profit or loss from associate, operating lease income, the profit or loss on the sale of a subsidiary or property, plant and equipment, profit or loss on own debt, and changes in the fair value of financial assets and liabilities designated at fair value through profit or loss. For accounting policy information see Accounting policies note 2. ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ |  | 2021 |  | 2020 (1) |  | 2019 (1)
Continuing operations | ​ | £m | ​ | £m | ​ | £m
Net fees and commissions (2) |  | 2,124 |  | 2,000 |  | 2,497
Income from trading activities | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Foreign exchange |  | 364 | ​ | 569 |  | 448
Interest rate |  | (130) | ​ | 541 |  | 532
Credit |  | 83 | ​ | 3 |  | 32
Changes in fair value of own debt and derivative liabilities attributable to own credit risk | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
- debt securities in issue |  | 6 | ​ | (24) |  | (60)
- derivative liabilities |  | — | ​ | — |  | (20)
Equities, commodities and other |  | — | ​ | 36 |  | —
​ |  | 323 | ​ | 1,125 |  | 932
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Other operating income | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Loss on redemption of own debt | ​ | (145) | ​ | (324) | ​ | —
Operating lease and other rental income |  | 225 |  | 232 |  | 250
Changes in fair value of financial assets and liabilities designated at fair value | ​ | (8) | ​ | (54) | ​ | (17)
through profit or loss (3) | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Changes in fair value of other financial assets at fair value through profit or loss (4) | ​ | 5 | ​ | 2 | ​ | 58
Hedge ineffectiveness |  | 25 |  | 24 |  | 48
(Loss)/profit on disposal of amortised cost assets |  | (15) |  | (18) |  | 42
Profit/(loss) on disposal of fair value through other comprehensive income assets |  | 117 |  | 96 |  | (22)
(Loss)/profit on sale of property, plant and equipment (5) |  | (30) |  | 13 |  | 58
Share of profits/ (losses)of associated entities |  | 216 |  | (30) |  | (14)
Profit/(loss) on disposal of subsidiaries and associates (6) | ​ | 48 | ​ | (16) | ​ | 2,224
Other income (7,8) |  | 13 |  | (18) |  | 132
​ | ​ | 451 | ​ | (93) | ​ | 2,759
​ | ​ | 2,898 | ​ | 3,032 | ​ | 6,188
​
(1) | Comparative results have been re-presented from those previously published to reclassify certain operations as discontinued operations as described in Note 8.
(2) | Refer to Note 4 for further analysis.
(3) | Including related derivatives.
(4) | Includes instruments that have failed Solely payments of principal and interest testing under IFRS 9.
(5) | Includes £44 million loss on the purchase of freeholds for properties where the Group was the primary leaseholder.
(6) | 2019 includes a gain of £444 million(€523 million), a legacy liability release of £256 million and an FX recycling gain of £290 million on completion of the Alawwal bank merger in June 2019; In 2019, £1,102 million of FX recycling gains arising on the liquidation of RFS Holdings BV and £67 million in relation to a capital repayment by UBIDAC. The recycling gains and capital repayment have been calculated using the step-by-step method in IFRIC 16 and by reference to the proportion of equity applied to the FX translation reserve.
(7) | Includes income from activities other than banking.
(8) | 2020 includes £58 million loss on acquisition of a £3.0 billion prime UK mortgages portfolio from Metro Bank plc.

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