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Operating expenses - Share-based payments (Details) £ / shares in Units, £ in Millions, Option in Millions, EquityInstruments in Millions | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2023 GBP (£) EquityInstruments Option £ / shares | Dec. 31, 2022 GBP (£) EquityInstruments Option £ / shares | Dec. 31, 2021 GBP (£) EquityInstruments Option £ / shares
Shares awarded |  |  |
Share-based payments, market price measurement period preceding grant date | 5 days |  |
Maximum |  |  |
Shares awarded |  |  |
Share-based payments, volatility measurement period | 5 years |  |
Sharesave |  |  |
Average exercise price |  |  |
At 1 January | £ / shares | £ 1.63 | £ 1.61 | £ 1.64
Granted | £ / shares | 1.42 | 1.86 | 1.80
Exercised | £ / shares | 1.44 | 1.88 | 1.76
Cancelled | £ / shares | 1.72 | 1.60 | 2.02
At 31 December | £ / shares | £ 1.59 | £ 1.63 | £ 1.61
Shares under option |  |  |
At 1 January | Option | 99.0 | 95.0 | 96.0
Granted | Option | 43.0 | 25.0 | 24.0
Exercised | Option | (23.0) | (15.0) | (10.0)
Cancelled | Option | (5.0) | (6.0) | (15.0)
At 31 December | Option | 114.0 | 99.0 | 95.0
Options exercisable, vesting period | 6 months |  |
Options exercisable | Option | 19.0 | 5.1 | 6.0
Weighted average share price | £ / shares | £ 2.20 | £ 2.59 | £ 2.19
Weighted average remaining contractual life of outstanding share options | 2 years 3 months | 2 years | 2 years 1 month 6 days
Fair value of of options granted during the period | £ 27.3 | £ 22.1 | £ 17.0
Shares awarded |  |  |
Share-based payments, market price measurement period preceding grant date | 3 days |  |
Sharesave | Minimum |  |  |
Shares under option |  |  |
Exercise price of outstanding share options | £ / shares | £ 1.12 | £ 1.12 | £ 1.12
Sharesave | Maximum |  |  |
Shares under option |  |  |
Exercise price of outstanding share options | £ / shares | £ 1.89 | £ 2.27 | £ 2.27
Deferred performance awards |  |  |
Shares under option |  |  |
Options exercisable, vesting period | 3 years |  |
Value at grant |  |  |
At 1 January | £ 93.0 | £ 132.0 | £ 169.0
Granted | 52.0 | 46.0 | 61.0
Forfeited | (2.0) | (4.0) | (10.0)
Vested | (67.0) | (81.0) | (88.0)
At 31 December | £ 76.0 | £ 93.0 | £ 132.0
Shares awarded |  |  |
At 1 January (in shares) | EquityInstruments | 46 | 65 | 77
Granted (in shares) | EquityInstruments | 20 | 20 | 32
Forfeited (in shares) | EquityInstruments | (1) | (2) | (5)
Vested/exercised (in shares) | EquityInstruments | (30) | (37) | (39)
At 31 December (in shares) | EquityInstruments | 35 | 46 | 65
Long-term incentives |  |  |
Value at grant |  |  |
At 1 January | £ 49.0 | £ 44.0 | £ 50.0
Granted | 11.0 | 16.0 | 6.0
Vested | (10.0) | (10.0) | (12.0)
Lapsed | (1.0) | (1.0) |
At 31 December | £ 49.0 | £ 49.0 | £ 44.0
Shares awarded |  |  |
At 1 January (in shares) | EquityInstruments | 23 | 21 | 24
Granted (in shares) | EquityInstruments | 5 | 7 | 3
Vested/exercised (in shares) | EquityInstruments | (4) | (4) | (6)
Lapsed (in shares) | EquityInstruments | (1) | (1) |
At 31 December (in shares) | EquityInstruments | 23 | 23 | 21
Market value of awards vested and exercised | £ 9.5 | £ 11.7 | £ 13.0

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