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Employment costs - Summary of employment costs (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Total employment costs
– Wages and salaries	$ 4,129	$ 4,235	$ 4,670
– Social security costs	337	429	430
– Net post-retirement charge	500	522	439
– Share option charge	91	116	128
Total employment costs	5,057	5,302	5,667
Less: charged within provisions (a)	(292)	(421)	(221)
Employment costs	$ 4,765	$ 4,881	$ 5,446

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The expense of all forms of consideration given by an entity in exchange for a service rendered by employees or for the termination of employment.

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The amount of expense arising from equity-settled share-based payment transactions in which the goods or services received did not qualify for recognition as assets. [Refer: Expense from share-based payment transactions in which goods or services received did not qualify for recognition as assets]

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The amount of provisions for employee benefits. [Refer: Employee benefits expense; Provisions]

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The amount of expense from employee benefits (other than termination benefits) that are expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of the annual reporting period in which the employees render the related services.

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A class of employee benefits expense that represents social security contributions. [Refer: Employee benefits expense]

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A class of employee benefits expense that represents wages and salaries. [Refer: Employee benefits expense]

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The amount of post-retirement benefits expense, represented as the combined expenses related to defined benefit plans and defined contributions plans.

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