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Rio Tinto Limited parent company disclosures - Summary of financial statements (Detail)
$ in Millions, $ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2017
AUD ($)
Dec. 31, 2016
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2016
AUD ($)
Dec. 31, 2015
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2017
AUD ($)
Dec. 31, 2016
AUD ($)
Dec. 31, 2014
USD ($)
Assets                
– Current assets $ 18,678   $ 15,055          
– Non-current assets 76,554   74,177          
Total assets 95,726   89,263          
Liabilities                
– Current liabilities (11,225)   (9,362)          
– Non-current liabilities (33,262)   (34,133)          
Total liabilities (44,611)   (43,533)          
Net assets 51,115   45,730          
Shareholders’ equity                
Other reserves 12,284   9,216          
Retained earnings 23,761   21,631          
Total equity 51,115   45,730   $ 44,128     $ 54,594
Profit/(loss) after tax for the year 8,851   4,776   (1,719)      
Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the year [1] 11,939   4,713   (3,749)      
Rio Tinto Limited [member]                
Assets                
– Current assets           $ 11,914 $ 8,041  
– Non-current assets           7,954 10,758  
Total assets           19,868 18,799  
Liabilities                
– Current liabilities           (7,448) (1,268)  
– Non-current liabilities           (35) (4,814)  
Total liabilities           (7,483) (6,082)  
Net assets           12,385 12,717  
Shareholders’ equity                
Share capital $ 4,140   $ 3,915   $ 3,950 3,893 4,004 $ 4,535
Other reserves           420 413  
Retained earnings           8,072 8,300  
Total equity           $ 12,385 $ 12,717  
Profit/(loss) after tax for the year   $ 9,688   $ 4,452        
Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the year   $ 9,688   $ 4,452        
[1] Refer to Group statement of comprehensive income for further details. Adjustments to other reserves include currency translation attributable to owners of Rio Tinto, other than that arising on Rio Tinto Limited share capital.