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Share-based payments -Summary of performance share plans (Detail) | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2018 AUD ($) shares | Dec. 31, 2018 GBP (£) shares | Dec. 31, 2017 AUD ($) shares | Dec. 31, 2017 GBP (£) shares
Rio Tinto Limited [member] |  |  |  |
Disclosure Of Terms And Conditions Of Sharebased Payment Arrangement [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Number of transfers from equity to cash settled |  |  | (276,722) | (276,722)
Performance share plans [member] | Rio Tinto plc [member] |  |  |  |
Disclosure Of Terms And Conditions Of Sharebased Payment Arrangement [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Weighted average fair value at grant date, non-vested shares at beginning balance | £ |  | £ 20.47 |  | £ 18.27
Weighted average fair value at grant date, non-vested shares, awarded | £ |  | 26.87 |  | 24.64
Weighted average fair value at grant date, non-vested shares, forfeited | £ |  | 21.45 |  | 16.28
Weighted average fair value at grant date, non-vested shares, failed performance conditions | £ |  | 14.54 |  | 16.25
Weighted average fair value at grant date, non-vested shares, vested | £ |  | 21.57 |  | 21.51
Weighted average fair value at grant date, non-vested shares at ending balance | £ |  | £ 21.86 |  | £ 20.47
Number of non-vested shares at beginning balance | 3,555,274 | 3,555,274 | 2,883,053 | 2,883,053
Number of non-vested shares, awarded | 801,047 | 801,047 | 1,198,677 | 1,198,677
Number of non-vested shares, forfeited | (188,761) | (188,761) | (199,435) | (199,435)
Number of non-vested shares, failed performance conditions | (107,625) | (107,625) | (161,966) | (161,966)
Number of non-vested shares, vested | (214,853) | (214,853) | (165,055) | (165,055)
Number of non-vested shares at ending balance | 3,845,082 | 3,845,082 | 3,555,274 | 3,555,274
Weighted average share price, Vested awards settled in shares during the year (including dividend shares applied on vesting) | £ |  | £ 42.57 |  | £ 31.04
Weighted average share price, Vested awards settled in cash during the year (including dividend shares applied on vesting) | £ |  | £ 42.40 |  |
Number of vested awards settled in shares during the year (including dividend shares applied on vesting) | 248,965 | 248,965 | 188,383 | 188,383
Number of vested awards settled in cash during the year (including dividend shares applied on vesting) | 991 | 991 |  |
Performance share plans [member] | Rio Tinto Limited [member] |  |  |  |
Disclosure Of Terms And Conditions Of Sharebased Payment Arrangement [Line Items] |  |  |  |
Weighted average fair value at grant date, non-vested shares at beginning balance | $ | $ 40.13 |  | $ 37.52 |
Weighted average fair value at grant date, non-vested shares, awarded | $ | 53.85 |  | 45.84 |
Weighted average fair value at grant date, non-vested shares, forfeited | $ | 43.83 |  | 36.59 |
Weighted average fair value at grant date, non-vested shares, failed performance conditions | $ | 27.67 |  | 30.89 |
Weighted average fair value at grant date, non-vested shares, vested | $ | 40.85 |  | 40.79 |
Weighted average fair value transfers from equity to cash settled | $ |  |  | 40.11 |
Weighted average fair value at grant date, non-vested shares at ending balance | $ | $ 43.34 |  | $ 40.13 |
Number of non-vested shares at beginning balance | 1,609,154 | 1,609,154 | 1,590,957 | 1,590,957
Number of non-vested shares, awarded | 387,298 | 387,298 | 529,776 | 529,776
Number of non-vested shares, forfeited | (36,530) | (36,530) | (36,716) | (36,716)
Number of non-vested shares, failed performance conditions | (54,322) | (54,322) | (113,857) | (113,857)
Number of non-vested shares, vested | (108,321) | (108,321) | (84,284) | (84,284)
Number of non-vested shares at ending balance | 1,797,279 | 1,797,279 | 1,609,154 | 1,609,154
Weighted average share price, Vested awards settled in shares during the year (including dividend shares applied on vesting) | $ | $ 82.97 |  | $ 63.09 |
Weighted average share price, Vested awards settled in cash during the year (including dividend shares applied on vesting) | $ | $ 82.08 |  | $ 62.81 |
Number of vested awards settled in shares during the year (including dividend shares applied on vesting) | 105,374 | 105,374 | 73,311 | 73,311
Number of vested awards settled in cash during the year (including dividend shares applied on vesting) | 9,959 | 9,959 | 5,010 | 5,010

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