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Operating segments - additional information | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2018
Disclosure Of Operating Segments [Abstract] |
Disclosure of entity's operating segments [text block] | Notes to the 2018 financial statements continued 3 Operating segments – additional information
|  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |
Consolidated sales revenue by destination (a) | % |  | % |  | % |  | US$m |  | US$m |  | US$m |
China |  | 44.6 |  |  | 44.2 |  |  | 43.6 |  |  | 18,061 |  |  | 17,706 |  |  | 14,742 |
Asia (excluding China and Japan) |  | 11.5 |  |  | 12.8 |  |  | 13.9 |  |  | 4,665 |  |  | 5,108 |  |  | 4,692 |
United States of America |  | 15.5 |  |  | 14.3 |  |  | 13.9 |  |  | 6,278 |  |  | 5,716 |  |  | 4,709 |
Japan |  | 9.6 |  |  | 11.7 |  |  | 11.3 |  |  | 3,873 |  |  | 4,701 |  |  | 3,809 |
Europe (excluding UK) |  | 9.1 |  |  | 7.5 |  |  | 7.6 |  |  | 3,706 |  |  | 3,015 |  |  | 2,579 |
Canada |  | 3.2 |  |  | 2.8 |  |  | 3.0 |  |  | 1,340 |  |  | 1,111 |  |  | 1,024 |
Australia |  | 1.8 |  |  | 1.8 |  |  | 2.0 |  |  | 720 |  |  | 710 |  |  | 675 |
UK |  | 1.0 |  |  | 1.1 |  |  | 1.2 |  |  | 386 |  |  | 449 |  |  | 391 |
Other countries |  | 3.7 |  |  | 3.8 |  |  | 3.5 |  |  | 1,493 |  |  | 1,514 |  |  | 1,160 |
Consolidated sales revenue |  | 100.0 |  |  | 100.0 |  |  | 100.0 |  |  | 40,522 |  |  | 40,030 |  |  | 33,781 |
(a) | Consolidated sales revenue by geographical destination is based on the ultimate country of destination of the product, if known. If the eventual destination of the product sold through traders is not known then revenue is allocated to the location of the product at the time when control is transferred. Rio Tinto is domiciled in both the UK and Australia.
Consolidated sales revenue by product Consolidated sales revenues of the Group are derived from the following products sold to external customers:
|  | Revenue from contracts with customers |  | Other revenue (a) |  | Consolidated sales revenue |  | Consolidated sales revenue |  | Consolidated sales revenue |
|  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |
|  | US$m |  | US$m |  | US$m |  | US$m |  | US$m |
Iron ore |  |  | 19,888 |  |  | (21 | ) |  | 19,867 |  |  | 20,010 |  |  | 15,855 |
Aluminium |  |  | 12,041 |  |  | (22 | ) |  | 12,019 |  |  | 10,864 |  |  | 9,342 |
Copper |  |  | 2,420 |  |  | (32 | ) |  | 2,388 |  |  | 1,760 |  |  | 1,609 |
Coal |  |  | 986 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 989 |  |  | 2,822 |  |  | 2,567 |
Industrial minerals |  |  | 2,093 |  |  | - |  |  | 2,093 |  |  | 2,060 |  |  | 1,954 |
Gold |  |  | 869 |  |  | - |  |  | 869 |  |  | 378 |  |  | 608 |
Diamonds |  |  | 695 |  |  | - |  |  | 695 |  |  | 706 |  |  | 613 |
Other |  |  | 1,602 |  |  | - |  |  | 1,602 |  |  | 1,430 |  |  | 1,233 |
Consolidated sales revenue |  |  | 40,594 |  |  | (72 | ) |  | 40,522 |  |  | 40,030 |  |  | 33,781 |
Share of equity accounted unit sales and intra-subsidiary/equity accounted unit sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,313 |  |  | 1,837 |  |  | 1,555 |
Gross sales revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 42,835 |  |  | 41,867 |  |  | 35,336 |
(a) | Certain of the Group’s products may be provisionally priced at the date revenue is recognised. The change in value of the provisionally priced receivables is based on relevant forward market prices and is included in “Other revenue” above. In prior periods there was no equivalent requirement under IAS 18 to separate out such provisional price movements and therefore this was not separately disclosed.
Non-current assets other than excluded items (a) The total of non-current assets other than items excluded is shown by location below. This is allocated based on the location of the business units holding the assets.
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Adjusted (b) |
|  |  |  |  |  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |
|  |  |  |  | US$m |  | US$m |
Australia |  |  |  |  |  | 28,592 |  |  | 32,890 |
Canada |  |  |  |  |  | 13,775 |  |  | 14,822 |
Mongolia |  |  |  |  |  | 9,912 |  |  | 8,582 |
United States of America |  |  |  |  |  | 4,815 |  |  | 4,812 |
Africa |  |  |  |  |  | 3,476 |  |  | 3,781 |
South America |  |  |  |  |  | 3,047 |  |  | 3,304 |
Indonesia |  |  |  |  |  | - |  |  | 1,458 |
Europe (excluding France and the UK) |  |  |  |  |  | 50 |  |  | 362 |
UK |  |  |  |  |  | 59 |  |  | 66 |
France |  |  |  |  |  | 79 |  |  | 94 |
Other countries |  |  |  |  |  | 850 |  |  | 892 |
|  |  |  |  |  | 64,655 |  |  | 71,063 |
Non-current assets excluded from analysis above: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred tax assets |  |  |  |  |  | 3,137 |  |  | 3,395 |
Other financial assets (including loans to equity accounted units) |  |  |  |  |  | 814 |  |  | 510 |
Quasi equity loans to equity accounted units (c) |  |  |  |  |  | 129 |  |  | 159 |
Tax recoverable |  |  |  |  |  | 8 |  |  | 30 |
Trade and other receivables |  |  |  |  |  | 1,304 |  |  | 1,397 |
Total non-current assets per balance sheet |  |  |  |  |  | 70,047 |  |  | 76,554 |
(a) | Allocation of non-current assets by country is based on the location of the business units holding the assets. It includes investments in equity accounted units totalling US$4,170 million (2017: US$4,327 million) which represents the Group’s share of net assets excluding quasi equity loans shown separately within “Loans to equity accounted units” above.
(b) | The 2017 comparatives above have been amended to correct the allocation of non-current assets other than excluded items by location. The impact is an increase in the amounts allocated to Canada and a decrease to the amounts allocated to France of US$182 million. There is no impact on the total non-current assets.
(c) | Loans to equity accounted units comprise quasi equity loans of US$129 million (2017: US$159 million) included in “Investments in equity accounted units” on the face of the balance sheet and non-current non-quasi equity loans of US$38 million (2017: US$39 million) shown within “Other financial assets”.

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