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Principal joint ventures - Reconciliation of financial information for joint ventures by carrying value (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Disclosure of joint ventures [line items]    
Net assets/(liabilities) $ 45,242 $ 49,823
Minera Escondida Limitada [Member]    
Disclosure of joint ventures [line items]    
Net assets/(liabilities) 8,203 9,343
Group's ownership interest 2,461 2,803
Other adjustments 0 0
Carrying value of Group's interest 2,461 2,803
Sohar Aluminium Co. L.L.C.    
Disclosure of joint ventures [line items]    
Net assets/(liabilities) 2,285 2,240
Group's ownership interest 457 448
Other adjustments 0 (1)
Carrying value of Group's interest $ 457 $ 447