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Principal associates - Summary information for joint ventures and associates that are not individually material to the group (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Dec. 31, 2017
Disclosure of associates [Line Items]      
(Loss)/profit after tax $ 6,972 $ 13,925 $ 8,851
Other comprehensive loss 346 (3,139) 3,088
Total comprehensive income/(loss) 7,318 [1] 10,786 [1] $ 11,939
Associates      
Disclosure of associates [Line Items]      
Carrying value of Group's interest 704 679  
(Loss)/profit after tax 3 9  
Other comprehensive loss 10 (23)  
Total comprehensive income/(loss) 13 (14)  
Joint ventures [Member]      
Disclosure of associates [Line Items]      
Carrying value of Group's interest 0 0  
(Loss)/profit after tax 0 0  
Other comprehensive loss 0 0  
Total comprehensive income/(loss) $ 0 $ 0  
[1] Refer to Group statement of comprehensive income for further details. Adjustments to other reserves include currency translation attributable to owners of Rio Tinto, other than that arising on Rio Tinto Limited’s share capital.