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Rio Tinto financial information by business unit - Schedule of financial information by business unit (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2020
Jun. 30, 2019
Dec. 31, 2019
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue $ 19,362 $ 20,722  
EBITDA 5,929 5,484  
Depreciation and amortisation in subsidiaries excluding capitalised depreciation (1,974) (2,059)  
Impairment charges (1,163) (2,349)  
Net earnings 3,316 4,130  
Capital expenditure 2,665 2,374  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 2,092 2,096  
Operating Assets 44,050   $ 44,183
Gains on disposals of property, plant and equipment 28 17  
Capital expenditure 2,693 2,391  
Less: Net debt (4,826)   (3,651)
Equity attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 39,224   40,532
Reportable segments      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Capital expenditure 2,802 2,572  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 2,367 2,359  
Operating Assets 46,198   46,632
Reportable segments | Iron Ore      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 11,465 11,208  
EBITDA 7,698 7,552  
Net earnings 4,563 4,506  
Capital expenditure 1,185 669  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 840 826  
Operating Assets 14,693   14,019
Reportable segments | Aluminium      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 4,487 5,100  
EBITDA 925 1,127  
Net earnings 193 315  
Capital expenditure 482 711  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 594 597  
Operating Assets 14,370   16,030
Reportable segments | Copper & Diamonds      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 2,124 2,959  
EBITDA 670 1,213  
Net earnings 68 348  
Capital expenditure 1,009 1,002  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 626 642  
Operating Assets 12,872   12,010
Reportable segments | Energy & Minerals      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 2,331 2,539  
EBITDA 739 954  
Net earnings 232 341  
Capital expenditure 125 188  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 208 214  
Operating Assets 4,448   4,529
Reportable segments | Other operations      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 8 10  
EBITDA (10) (88)  
Net earnings (28) (80)  
Capital expenditure 1 2  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 99 80  
Operating Assets (288)   (83)
Inter-segment transactions      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue (82) (7)  
EBITDA (18) 0  
Net earnings (6) 0  
Operating Assets 103   127
Product Group      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 20,333 21,809  
EBITDA 10,004 10,758  
Net earnings 5,022 5,430  
Central pension costs, share-based payments and insurance      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
EBITDA 102 77  
Net earnings 97 77  
Restructuring, project and one-off costs      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
EBITDA (72) (175)  
Net earnings (53) (119)  
Central costs      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
EBITDA (273) (272)  
Net earnings (233) (258)  
Central exploration and evaluation      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
EBITDA (121) (138)  
Net earnings (97) (109)  
Other items      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Capital expenditure 22 25  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 39 36  
Operating Assets (2,148)   (2,449)
Net interest      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Net earnings 14 (89)  
Underlying EBITDA/earnings      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
EBITDA 9,640 10,250  
Net earnings 4,750 4,932  
Items excluded from underlying EBITDA/earnings      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
EBITDA (119) 117  
Net earnings (1,434) (802)  
EBITDA/net earnings      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
EBITDA 9,521 10,367  
Net earnings 3,316 4,130  
Share of equity accounted unit sales and intra-subsidiary/equity accounted unit sales      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Adjustment for equity accounted units revenue (971) (1,087)  
Depreciation and amortisation in equity accounted units (314) (299)  
Taxation and finance items in equity accounted units (141) (176)  
Capital expenditure (159) (223)  
Depreciation and amortisation expense (314) (299)  
Pilbara | Reportable segments | Iron Ore      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 11,246 11,039  
EBITDA 7,702 7,528  
Net earnings 4,628 4,548  
Capital expenditure 1,179 663  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 831 817  
Operating Assets $ 14,430   13,865
Dampier Salt | Reportable segments | Iron Ore      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Rio Tinto interest (as a percent) 6840.00%    
Consolidated sales revenue $ 112 128  
EBITDA 25 38  
Net earnings 8 14  
Capital expenditure 6 6  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 9 9  
Operating Assets $ 158   152
Rio Tinto Kennecott | Reportable segments | Copper & Diamonds      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Rio Tinto interest (as a percent) 10000.00%    
Consolidated sales revenue $ 635 892  
EBITDA 193 425  
Net earnings (12) 171  
Capital expenditure 320 179  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 223 216  
Operating Assets $ 2,249   2,012
Escondida | Reportable segments | Copper & Diamonds      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Rio Tinto interest (as a percent) 3000.00%    
Consolidated sales revenue $ 941 1,061  
EBITDA 564 568  
Net earnings 204 213  
Capital expenditure 118 147  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 239 237  
Operating Assets 2,869   2,871
Iron Ore Company of Canada      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 1,011 1,027  
Net earnings 151 152  
Equity attributable to owners of Rio Tinto $ 1,110   1,018
Iron Ore Company of Canada | Reportable segments | Energy & Minerals      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Rio Tinto interest (as a percent) 5870.00%    
Consolidated sales revenue $ 1,086 1,075  
EBITDA 473 526  
Net earnings 156 171  
Capital expenditure 51 73  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 88 84  
Operating Assets 715   803
Rio Tinto Iron & Titanium | Reportable segments | Energy & Minerals      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 773 983  
EBITDA 222 339  
Net earnings 80 144  
Capital expenditure 60 95  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 95 99  
Operating Assets $ 3,168   3,507
Rio Tinto Borates | Reportable segments | Energy & Minerals      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Rio Tinto interest (as a percent) 10000.00%    
Consolidated sales revenue $ 293 304  
EBITDA 83 98  
Net earnings 47 54  
Capital expenditure 16 17  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 25 30  
Operating Assets 511   525
Simandou iron ore project | Reportable segments | Energy & Minerals      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 0 0  
EBITDA (2) (6)  
Net earnings (1) (3)  
Capital expenditure (2) 0  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 0 0  
Operating Assets 22   20
Oyu Tolgoi and Turquoise Hill | Reportable segments | Copper & Diamonds      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 409 735  
EBITDA 89 306  
Net earnings 11 52  
Capital expenditure 548 651  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 104 109  
Operating Assets 7,569   6,780
Evaluation projects/other | Reportable segments | Iron Ore      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 252 41  
EBITDA (37) (14)  
Net earnings (77) (56)  
Capital expenditure 0 0  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 0 0  
Operating Assets 163   2
Evaluation projects/other | Reportable segments | Aluminium      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 0 0  
EBITDA (29) (36)  
Net earnings (14) (24)  
Capital expenditure 0 0  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 0 0  
Operating Assets 0   0
Evaluation projects/other | Reportable segments | Copper & Diamonds      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue (2) 0  
EBITDA (164) (155)  
Net earnings (95) (83)  
Capital expenditure 3 2  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 2 3  
Operating Assets 161   152
Evaluation projects/other | Reportable segments | Energy & Minerals      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 29 31  
EBITDA (48) (42)  
Net earnings (49) (38)  
Capital expenditure 0 0  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 0 0  
Operating Assets 37   37
Bauxite | Reportable segments | Aluminium      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 1,170 1,197  
EBITDA 514 503  
Net earnings 257 252  
Capital expenditure 53 242  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 139 112  
Operating Assets 2,406   2,597
Alumina | Reportable segments | Aluminium      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 1,096 1,485  
EBITDA 115 370  
Net earnings 38 169  
Capital expenditure 74 114  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 59 96  
Operating Assets 1,885   2,009
Primary Metal | Reportable segments | Aluminium      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 2,111 2,490  
EBITDA 284 306  
Net earnings (59) (14)  
Capital expenditure 303 303  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 325 312  
Operating Assets 8,905   9,674
Pacific Aluminium | Reportable segments | Aluminium      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 965 1,112  
EBITDA 5 (54)  
Net earnings (50) (96)  
Capital expenditure 54 52  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 71 77  
Operating Assets 357   970
Integrated operations | Reportable segments | Aluminium      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 4,080 4,598  
EBITDA 951 1,152  
Net earnings 210 331  
Other product group Items | Reportable segments | Aluminium      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 407 502  
EBITDA 3 11  
Net earnings (3) 8  
Product group operations | Reportable segments | Aluminium      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 4,487 5,100  
EBITDA 954 1,163  
Net earnings 207 339  
Capital expenditure 482 711  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 594 597  
Operating Assets 14,370   16,030
Product group operations | Reportable segments | Copper & Diamonds      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 2,126 2,959  
EBITDA 834 1,368  
Net earnings 163 431  
Capital expenditure 1,006 1,000  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 624 639  
Operating Assets 12,711   11,858
Product group operations | Reportable segments | Energy & Minerals      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 2,302 2,508  
EBITDA 789 1,002  
Net earnings 282 382  
Capital expenditure 127 188  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 208 214  
Operating Assets 4,389   4,472
Diamonds      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 141 271  
Diamonds | Reportable segments | Copper & Diamonds      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 141 271  
EBITDA (12) 69  
Net earnings (40) (5)  
Capital expenditure 20 23  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 58 77  
Operating Assets 24   195
Uranium      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 149 147  
Uranium | Reportable segments | Energy & Minerals      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 150 146  
EBITDA 11 39  
Net earnings (1) 13  
Capital expenditure 0 3  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 0 1  
Operating Assets (5)   (363)
Intra-segment and other | Reportable segments | Iron Ore      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue (145) 0  
EBITDA 8 0  
Net earnings 4 0  
Capital expenditure 0 0  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 0 0  
Operating Assets (58)   0
Intra-segment and other | Reportable segments | Aluminium      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue (1,262) (1,686)  
EBITDA 33 27  
Net earnings 24 20  
Capital expenditure (2) 0  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 0 0  
Operating Assets 817   780
Integrated operations | Reportable segments | Aluminium      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Capital expenditure 482 711  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 594 597  
Operating Assets 14,370   16,030
Other product group Items | Reportable segments | Aluminium      
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]      
Capital expenditure 0 0  
Depreciation and amortisation expense 0 $ 0  
Operating Assets $ 0   $ 0