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Principal subsidiaries - Subsidiaries financial information (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue $ 44,611 $ 43,165 $ 40,522
Profit after tax for the year 10,400 6,972 13,925
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to non-controlling interests 631 (1,038) 287
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 9,769 8,010 13,638
Other comprehensive income/(loss) 2,584 346 (3,139)
Total comprehensive income/(loss) [1] 12,984 7,318 10,786
Non-current assets 76,535 70,499  
Current assets 20,855 17,303  
Non-current liabilities (33,880) (31,435)  
Net assets/(liabilities) 51,903 45,242  
Attributable to non-controlling interests 4,849 4,710  
Equity attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 47,054 40,532 43,686
Cash flow from operations 15,875 14,912 11,821
Dividends paid to holders of non-controlling interests in subsidiaries (683) (376) (420)
Borrowings 13,831 14,115  
Goodwill 946 922 $ 912
Iron Ore Company of Canada      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 2,269 2,014  
Profit after tax for the year 611 543  
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to non-controlling interests 252 224  
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 359 319  
Other comprehensive income/(loss) 56 57  
Total comprehensive income/(loss) 667 600  
Non-current assets 2,733 2,585  
Current assets 670 610  
Current liabilities (462) (532)  
Non-current liabilities (993) (927)  
Net assets/(liabilities) 1,948 1,736  
Attributable to non-controlling interests 804 718  
Equity attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 1,144 1,018  
Cash flow from operations 1,027 1,039  
Dividends paid to holders of non-controlling interests in subsidiaries (180) (228)  
Energy Resources of Australia      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 162 145  
Profit after tax for the year 9 5  
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to non-controlling interests 3 2  
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 5 3  
Other comprehensive income/(loss) 20 2  
Total comprehensive income/(loss) 29 7  
Non-current assets 329 76  
Current assets 371 258  
Current liabilities (176) (127)  
Non-current liabilities (427) (462)  
Net assets/(liabilities) 97 (255)  
Attributable to non-controlling interests 18 0  
Equity attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 79 (255)  
Cash flow from operations (15) (73)  
Dividends paid to holders of non-controlling interests in subsidiaries 0 0  
Turquoise Hill      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 1,078 1,166  
Profit after tax for the year 357 (2,137)  
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to non-controlling interests 130 (1,490)  
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 227 (647)  
Other comprehensive income/(loss) 2 0  
Total comprehensive income/(loss) 359 (2,137)  
Non-current assets 10,930 9,589  
Current assets 1,496 2,449  
Current liabilities (540) (493)  
Non-current liabilities (4,404) (4,405)  
Net assets/(liabilities) 7,482 7,140  
Attributable to non-controlling interests 2,424 2,369  
Equity attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 5,058 4,771  
Cash flow from operations 380 298  
Dividends paid to holders of non-controlling interests in subsidiaries 0 0  
Robe River Mining Co Pty Ltd      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 1,738 1,493  
Profit after tax for the year 939 808  
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to non-controlling interests 376 312  
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 563 496  
Other comprehensive income/(loss) 294 (13)  
Total comprehensive income/(loss) 1,233 795  
Non-current assets 3,452 2,622  
Current assets 865 1,161  
Current liabilities (380) (173)  
Non-current liabilities (255) (84)  
Net assets/(liabilities) 3,682 3,526  
Attributable to non-controlling interests 1,397 1,404  
Equity attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 2,285 2,122  
Cash flow from operations 1,491 1,255  
Dividends paid to holders of non-controlling interests in subsidiaries (332) (139)  
Other Companies And Eliminations      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 2,028 1,743  
Profit after tax for the year 1,019 825  
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to non-controlling interests 0 0  
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 1,019 825  
Other comprehensive income/(loss) 136 (12)  
Total comprehensive income/(loss) 1,155 813  
Non-current assets 4,247 3,687  
Current assets 2,239 1,873  
Current liabilities (414) (303)  
Non-current liabilities (4,752) (3,392)  
Net assets/(liabilities) 1,320 1,865  
Attributable to non-controlling interests 0 0  
Equity attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 1,320 1,865  
Cash flow from operations 1,771 1,447  
Dividends paid to holders of non-controlling interests in subsidiaries (165) 0  
Robe River      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 3,766 3,236  
Profit after tax for the year 1,958 1,633  
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to non-controlling interests 376 312  
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 1,582 1,321  
Other comprehensive income/(loss) 430 (25)  
Total comprehensive income/(loss) 2,388 1,608  
Non-current assets 7,699 6,309  
Current assets 3,104 3,034  
Current liabilities (794) (476)  
Non-current liabilities (5,007) (3,476)  
Net assets/(liabilities) 5,002 5,391  
Attributable to non-controlling interests 1,397 1,404  
Equity attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 3,605 3,987  
Cash flow from operations 3,262 2,702  
Dividends paid to holders of non-controlling interests in subsidiaries (497) (139)  
North Mining Limited | Robe River      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Goodwill 383 349  
Amended and Restated Shareholders Agreement | Erdenes Oyu Tolgoi LLC      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Borrowings 1,378 1,241  
Interest receivable $ 804 $ 655  
Floating interest rate | Erdenes Oyu Tolgoi LLC      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Borrowings, interest rate basis 6.50%    
Floating interest rate | Amended and Restated Shareholders Agreement | Erdenes Oyu Tolgoi LLC      
Disclosure of subsidiaries [line items]      
Borrowings, interest rate basis 6.50%    
[1] Refer to Group statement of comprehensive income for further details. Adjustments to other reserves include currency translation attributable to owners of Rio Tinto, other than that arising on Rio Tinto Limited’s share capital.