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Group statement of changes in equity - USD ($) $ in Millions | Total | Special Dividends | Total | Share capital | Share premium account | Other reserves | Retained earnings | Non-controlling interests
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Opening balance at Dec. 31, 2019 |  | $ 45,242 |  | $ 40,532 | $ 3,655 | $ 4,313 | $ 9,177 | $ 23,387 | $ 4,710
Total comprehensive income for the period | [1] | 2,310 |  | 2,289 |  |  | (818) | 3,107 | 21
Currency translation arising on Rio Tinto Limited's share capital |  | (75) |  | (75) | (75) |  |  |  |
Dividends |  | (3,927) |  | (3,607) |  |  |  | (3,607) | (320)
Share buy-back | [2] | (1) |  | (1) |  |  |  | (1) |
Own shares purchased from Rio Tinto shareholders to satisfy share awards to employees | [3] | (30) |  | (30) |  |  | (12) | (18) |
Change in equity interest held by Rio Tinto |  | 0 |  | 58 |  |  |  | 58 | (58)
Treasury shares reissued and other movements |  | 1 |  | 1 |  | 1 |  |  |
Equity issued to holders of non-controlling interests |  | 79 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 79
Employee share options and other IFRS 2 charges to the income statement |  | 57 |  | 57 |  |  | 23 | 34 |
Closing balance at Jun. 30, 2020 |  | $ 43,656 |  | 39,224 | 3,580 | 4,314 | 8,370 | 22,960 | 4,432
Dividends recognised as distributions to owners per share |  | $ 2.310 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Dividends per share: proposed in the announcement of the results for the period (in USD per share) |  | $ 1.550 | $ 0 |  |  |  |  |  |
Special dividends per share: proposed in the announcement of the results for the period |  |  | 0 |  |  |  |  |  |
Opening balance at Dec. 31, 2020 |  | $ 51,903 |  | 47,054 | 3,988 | 4,314 | 11,960 | 26,792 | 4,849
Total comprehensive income for the period | [4] | 13,103 |  | 12,342 |  |  | (466) | 12,808 | 761
Currency translation arising on Rio Tinto Limited's share capital |  | (82) |  | (82) | (82) |  |  |  |
Dividends |  | (6,842) |  | (6,435) |  |  |  | (6,435) | (407)
Own shares purchased from Rio Tinto shareholders to satisfy share awards to employees | [5] | (17) |  | (17) |  |  | (13) | (4) |
Change in equity interest held by Rio Tinto |  | 0 |  | 37 |  |  |  | 37 | (37)
Treasury shares reissued and other movements |  | 6 |  | 6 |  | 6 |  |  |
Equity issued to holders of non-controlling interests |  | 28 |  |  |  |  |  |  | 28
Employee share options and other IFRS 2 charges to the income statement |  | 70 |  | 70 |  |  | 28 | 42 |
Closing balance at Jun. 30, 2021 |  | $ 58,169 |  | $ 52,975 | $ 3,906 | $ 4,320 | $ 11,509 | $ 33,240 | $ 5,194
Dividends recognised as distributions to owners per share |  | $ 3.090 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Dividends per share: proposed in the announcement of the results for the period (in USD per share) |  | $ 3.760 | 0.930 |  |  |  |  |  |
Special dividends per share: proposed in the announcement of the results for the period |  |  | $ 1.850 |  |  |  |  |  |
[1] | Refer to Group statement of comprehensive income for further details.
[2] | In 2020, the amount of US$1 million together with the amounts paid during the period in respect of an irrevocable contract in place at the beginning of the year to cover the share buy-back programme totalled US$208 million as reported in the cash flow statement.
[3] | Net of contributions received from employees for share awards to employees.
[4] | Refer to Group statement of comprehensive income for further details.
[5] | Net of contributions received from employees for share awards to employees.

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