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Segmental information - Summary of performance of operating segments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2021
Jun. 30, 2020
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]    
Consolidated sales revenue $ 33,083 $ 19,362
Underlying EBITDA 21,037 9,640
Underlying earnings 12,166 4,750
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 12,313 3,316
Capital expenditure 3,310 2,665
Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment 26 28
Capital expenditure 3,336 2,693
Depreciation and amortisation expense 2,307 2,092
Other operations    
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]    
Consolidated sales revenue 85 158
Underlying EBITDA (4) 1
Underlying earnings (51) (29)
Capital expenditure 0 1
Depreciation and amortisation expense 92 99
Product group    
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]    
Consolidated sales revenue 34,628 20,333
Underlying EBITDA 21,420 10,004
Underlying earnings 12,466 5,022
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 12,466 5,022
Capital expenditure 3,395 2,802
Depreciation and amortisation expense 2,514 2,367
Other items    
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]    
Capital expenditure 35 22
Depreciation and amortisation expense 42 39
Share of equity accounted units    
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]    
Share of equity accounted units (1,545) (971)
Capital expenditure (120) (159)
Depreciation and amortisation expense (249) (314)
Depreciation and amortisation of equity accounted units    
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]    
Depreciation and amortisation expense (249) (314)
Central pensions, share-based payments, insurance and derivatives    
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]    
Underlying EBITDA 119 102
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 120 97
Restructuring, project and one-off costs    
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]    
Underlying EBITDA (36) (72)
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto (23) (53)
Central costs    
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]    
Underlying EBITDA (346) (273)
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto (294) (233)
Central exploration and evaluation    
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]    
Underlying EBITDA (120) (121)
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto (100) (97)
Net interest    
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]    
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto (3) 14
Underlying earnings    
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]    
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 12,166 4,750
Operating segments    
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]    
Capital expenditure 3,395 2,802
Depreciation and amortisation expense 2,514 2,367
Operating segments | Reportable segments    
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]    
Consolidated sales revenue 34,688 20,257
Underlying EBITDA 21,430 10,021
Underlying earnings 12,520 5,057
Capital expenditure 3,395 2,801
Depreciation and amortisation expense 2,422 2,268
Operating segments | Iron Ore    
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]    
Consolidated sales revenue 21,707 11,465
Underlying EBITDA 16,060 7,698
Underlying earnings 10,216 4,563
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 10,216 4,563
Capital expenditure 1,912 1,185
Depreciation and amortisation expense 1,022 840
Operating segments | Aluminium    
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]    
Consolidated sales revenue 5,932 4,487
Underlying EBITDA 1,924 925
Underlying earnings 921 193
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 921 193
Capital expenditure 524 482
Depreciation and amortisation expense 645 594
Operating segments | Copper    
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]    
Consolidated sales revenue 3,779 1,983
Underlying EBITDA 2,048 686
Underlying earnings 885 111
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 885 111
Capital expenditure 750 987
Depreciation and amortisation expense 523 568
Operating segments | Minerals    
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]    
Consolidated sales revenue 3,270 2,322
Underlying EBITDA 1,398 712
Underlying earnings 498 190
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 498 190
Capital expenditure 209 147
Depreciation and amortisation expense 232 266
Operating segments | Other operations    
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]    
Consolidated sales revenue 85 158
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto (51) (29)
Capital expenditure 0 1
Depreciation and amortisation expense 92 99
Inter-segment transactions    
Disclosure of operating segments [line items]    
Consolidated sales revenue (145) (82)
Underlying EBITDA (6) (18)
Underlying earnings (3) (6)
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto $ (3) $ (6)