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Operating segments - Reconciliation of underlying earnings to net earnings/(losses) (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Jul. 16, 2019
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Exchange and Derivative Gains (Losses), Pre-Tax [Abstract]        
Underlying earnings, pre- tax   $ 31,341    
Impairment charges net of reversals, pre tax   (269) $ (1,243) $ (3,487)
Losses on disposal of interest in business, pre-tax   0    
Exchange gains/(losses) on external net debt, intragroup balances and derivatives, pre-tax   800    
Losses on currency and interest rate derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting, pre-tax   (211)    
(Losses)/gains on embedded commodity derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting, pre-tax   (68)    
Net losses from movements to closure estimates (non-operating and fully impaired sites), pre-tax   (1,096)    
Gain on recognition of new wharf at Kitimat, Canada, pre-tax   336    
Other exclusions, pre-tax   0    
Total excluded from underlying earnings, pre-tax   (508)    
Profit before taxation   30,833 15,391 11,119
Exchange And Derivative Gains (Losses), Tax [Abstract]        
Underlying earnings, tax   (8,482)    
Impairment charges net of reversals, tax   72    
Losses on disposal of interest in business, tax   0    
Exchange gains/(losses) on external net debt, intragroup balances and derivatives, tax   (78)    
Losses on currency and interest rate derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting, tax   88    
(Losses)/gains on embedded commodity derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting, tax   17    
Net losses from movements to closure estimates (non-operating and fully impaired sites), tax   125    
Gain on recognition of new wharf at Kitimat, Canada, tax   0    
Other exclusions, tax   0    
Total excluded from underlying earnings, tax   224    
Taxation   (8,258) (4,991) (4,147)
Exchange And Derivative Gains (Losses), Non-controlling Interests [Abstract]        
Underlying earnings, attributable to non-controlling interests   (1,479)    
Impairment charges net of reversals, attributable to non-controlling interests   0 0 1,506
Losses on disposal of interest in business, attributable to non-controlling interests   0    
Exchange gains/(losses) on external net debt, intragroup balances and derivatives, attributable to non-controlling interests   4    
Losses on currency and interest rate derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting, attributable to non-controlling interests   (4)    
(Losses)/ gains on embedded commodity derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting, attributable to non-controlling interests   (2)    
Net losses from movements to closure estimates (non-operating and fully impaired sites), attributable to non-controlling interests   0    
Gain on recognition of new wharf at Kitimat, Canada, attributable to non-controlling interests   0    
Other exclusions, attributable to non-controlling interests   0    
Total excluded from underlying earnings, attributable to non-controlling interests   (2)    
Profit after tax for the year – attributable to non-controlling interests   (1,481) (631) 1,038
Exchange And Derivative Gains (Losses), Net        
Underlying earnings, net amount   21,380 12,448 10,373
Impairment charges net of reversals, net amount   (197) (1,115) (1,658)
Losses on disposal of interests in business, net amount   0 0 (291)
Exchange gains/(losses) on external net debt and intragroup balances and derivatives, net amount   726 (1,125) 51
Losses on currency and interest rate derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting, net amount   (127) (157) (59)
(Losses)/ gains on embedded commodity derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting, net amount   (53) 18 (192)
Net losses from movements to closure estimates (non-operating and fully impaired sites), net amount   (971) (300) 0
Gain relating to acquisition of a wharf at Kitimat   336 0 0
Other exclusions, net amount   0 0 (214)
Total excluded from underlying earnings, net amount   (286) (2,679) (2,363)
Net earnings – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto   21,094 9,769 8,010
Profit (loss) before tax   30,833 15,391 11,119
Profit after tax for the year   (22,575) (10,400) (6,972)
Post-tax foreign exchange loss   (187) (1,330)  
Post-tax foreign exchange gains   913 $ 205  
Increase in closure provision for rehabilitation   $ 510    
Closure discount rate   1.50%    
Obligations On Legacy Operations        
Exchange And Derivative Gains (Losses), Net        
Write-back of net realisable value provision       246
Impairment gain (loss) excluded from underlying earnings       233
US Dollar Net Debt        
Exchange And Derivative Gains (Losses), Net        
Post-tax foreign exchange loss       (9)
Intragroup balances        
Exchange And Derivative Gains (Losses), Net        
Post-tax foreign exchange gains       60
Rossing Uranium Limited        
Exchange and Derivative Gains (Losses), Pre-Tax [Abstract]        
Profit before taxation $ (289)      
Exchange And Derivative Gains (Losses), Net        
Group interest (%) 68.62%      
Profit (loss) before tax $ (289)      
Profit after tax for the year $ 289      
Gove Refinery        
Exchange and Derivative Gains (Losses), Pre-Tax [Abstract]        
Profit before taxation   $ (138)    
Exchange And Derivative Gains (Losses), Net        
Group interest (%)   100.00%    
Profit (loss) before tax   $ (138)    
Oyu Tolgoi        
Exchange And Derivative Gains (Losses), Net        
Write-back of net realisable value provision       75
Impairment gain (loss) excluded from underlying earnings       $ (19)