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Share capital - Rio Tinto Limited - Summary of share capital (Detail) - USD ($)
shares in Thousands, $ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Disclosure of classes of share capital [line items]      
Adjustment on currency translation $ (14) $ (300) $ 52
Rio Tinto Limited      
Disclosure of classes of share capital [line items]      
Number of issued and fully paid up share capital beginning balance (in shares) 371,210 371,210 371,210
Number of issued and fully paid up share capital ending balance (in shares) 371,210 371,210 371,210
Issued and fully paid up share capital beginning balance $ 3,781 $ 3,448 $ 3,477
Adjustment on currency translation (211) 333 (29)
Issued and fully paid up share capital ending balance $ 3,570 $ 3,781 $ 3,448
Rio Tinto Limited | Special voting share      
Disclosure of classes of share capital [line items]      
Other share classes 1 only 1 only 1 only
Rio Tinto Limited | DLC dividend share      
Disclosure of classes of share capital [line items]      
Other share classes 1 only 1 only 1 only