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Financial instruments and risk management - Capital and liquidity risk - Additional information (Detail)
$ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Nov. 16, 2021
USD ($)
extension
Oct. 28, 2021
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
times
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
times
Dec. 31, 2019
USD ($)
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]          
Net debt of the group     $ 1,576 $ (664) $ (3,651)
Borrowings     13,531 13,831  
Buy-back of bonds     1,200    
Notional amount     1,377 1,522  
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) plc Bonds 2.75% 2051          
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]          
Borrowings   $ 1,250 $ 1,225 0  
Borrowings, interest rate   2.75% 2.75%    
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) plc Bonds 2.75% 2051 | Fixed interest rate          
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]          
Borrowings term   30 years      
Liquidity risk          
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]          
Net debt of the group     $ (1,600) $ 700  
Net debt to total capital percentage     (3.00%) 1.00%  
Interest cover | times     59 39  
Liquidity risk | Maximum          
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]          
Increase in net cash     $ 2,200    
Liquidity risk | Credit facility due November 2026          
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]          
Borrowings $ 7,500        
Borrowings term 5 years        
Borrowings, Number Of Consecutive Extensions | extension 2        
Borrowings, Extension Term 1 year        
Liquidity risk | Same Day Access Swing-Line Facility          
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]          
Notional amount $ 6,200        
Capital and liquidity risk management          
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]          
Net debt of the group     $ 1,576 $ (664)  
Bottom of range | Liquidity risk          
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]          
Percentage of underlying earnings     40.00%    
Top of range | Liquidity risk          
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]          
Percentage of underlying earnings     60.00%