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Financial instruments and risk management - Summary of capital and liquidity risk management (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Disclosure of detailed information about hedging instruments [Line Items]      
Equity attributable to owners of Rio Tinto $ 51,432 $ 47,054  
Equity attributable to non-controlling interests 5,158 4,849  
Net (cash)/debt (1,576) 664 $ 3,651
Capital and liquidity risk management      
Disclosure of detailed information about hedging instruments [Line Items]      
Equity attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 51,432 47,054  
Equity attributable to non-controlling interests 5,158 4,849  
Net (cash)/debt (1,576) 664  
Total capital $ 55,014 $ 52,567