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Financial instruments and risk management - Summary of borrowings in a hedge relationship (Details)
£ in Millions, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Oct. 28, 2021
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2021
GBP (£)
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Nominal amount   $ 1,377 $ 1,522  
Borrowings   13,531 13,831  
Buy-back of bonds   $ 1,200    
Rio Tinto Finance plc Euro Bonds 2.875% due 2024        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate   2.875%   2.875%
Borrowings   $ 497 555  
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) Limited Bonds 3.75% 2025        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate 3.75% 3.75%   3.75%
Borrowings   $ 0 1,299  
Buy-back of bonds $ 1,200      
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) Limited Bonds 7.125% 2028        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate   7.125%   7.125%
Borrowings   $ 934 1,005  
Alcan Inc. Debentures 7.25% due 2028        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate   7.25%   7.25%
Borrowings   $ 105 109  
Alcan Inc. Debentures 7.25% due 2028 | Interest rate swaps        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Nominal amount     $ 1,500  
Borrowings term     5 years  
Rio Tinto Finance plc Sterling Bonds 4.0% due 2029        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate   4.00%   4.00%
Borrowings   $ 682 $ 717  
Rio Tinto Finance plc Sterling Bonds 4.0% due 2029 | Interest rate swaps        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Nominal amount   $ 807   £ 500
Weighted average interest rate after swaps   161.32%   161.32%
Alcan Inc. Debentures 7.25% due 2031        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate   7.25%   7.25%
Borrowings   $ 420 438  
Alcan Inc. Global Notes 6.125% due 2033        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate   6.125%   6.125%
Borrowings   $ 722 744  
Alcan Inc. Global Notes 5.75% due 2035        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate   5.75%   5.75%
Borrowings   $ 283 292  
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) plc Bonds 4.75% 2042        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate   4.75%   4.75%
Borrowings   $ 495 501  
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) plc Bonds 4.125% 2042        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate   4.125%   4.125%
Borrowings   $ 735 743  
Rio Tinto Finance (USA) plc Bonds 2.75% 2051        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate 2.75% 2.75%   2.75%
Borrowings $ 1,250 $ 1,225 0  
Borrowings in a hedge relationship | Rio Tinto Finance plc Euro Bonds 2.875% due 2024 | Interest rate risk        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate   2.875%   2.875%
Nominal amount   $ 546 546  
Weighted average interest rate after swaps   1.64%   1.64%
Carrying value   $ 497 555  
Borrowings in a hedge relationship | Rio Tinto Finance (USA) Limited Bonds 3.75% 2025 | Interest rate risk        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate   3.75%   3.75%
Nominal amount   $ 0 1,200  
Weighted average interest rate after swaps   1.39%   1.39%
Carrying value   $ 0 1,299  
Borrowings in a hedge relationship | Rio Tinto Finance (USA) Limited Bonds 7.125% 2028 | Interest rate risk        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate   7.125%   7.125%
Nominal amount   $ 750 750  
Weighted average interest rate after swaps   3.27%   3.27%
Carrying value   $ 934 1,005  
Borrowings in a hedge relationship | Alcan Inc. Debentures 7.25% due 2028 | Interest rate risk        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate   7.25%   7.25%
Nominal amount   $ 100 100  
Weighted average interest rate after swaps   5.43%   5.43%
Carrying value   $ 105 109  
Borrowings in a hedge relationship | Rio Tinto Finance plc Sterling Bonds 4.0% due 2029 | Interest rate risk        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate   4.00%   4.00%
Nominal amount   $ 807 807  
Weighted average interest rate after swaps   2.65%   2.65%
Carrying value   $ 682 717  
Borrowings in a hedge relationship | Alcan Inc. Debentures 7.25% due 2031 | Interest rate risk        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate   7.25%   7.25%
Nominal amount   $ 400 400  
Weighted average interest rate after swaps   5.72%   5.72%
Carrying value   $ 420 438  
Borrowings in a hedge relationship | Alcan Inc. Global Notes 6.125% due 2033 | Interest rate risk        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate   6.125%   6.125%
Nominal amount   $ 750 750  
Weighted average interest rate after swaps   5.67%   5.67%
Carrying value   $ 722 744  
Borrowings in a hedge relationship | Alcan Inc. Global Notes 5.75% due 2035 | Interest rate risk        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate   5.75%   5.75%
Nominal amount   $ 300 300  
Weighted average interest rate after swaps   5.18%   5.18%
Carrying value   $ 283 292  
Borrowings in a hedge relationship | Rio Tinto Finance (USA) Limited Bonds 5.2% 2040 | Interest rate risk        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate   5.20%   5.20%
Nominal amount   $ 1,150 1,150  
Weighted average interest rate after swaps   3.79%   3.79%
Carrying value   $ 1,156 1,173  
Borrowings in a hedge relationship | Rio Tinto Finance (USA) plc Bonds 4.75% 2042 | Interest rate risk        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate   4.75%   4.75%
Nominal amount   $ 500 500  
Weighted average interest rate after swaps   3.42%   3.42%
Carrying value   $ 495 501  
Borrowings in a hedge relationship | Rio Tinto Finance (USA) plc Bonds 4.125% 2042 | Interest rate risk        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate   4.125%   4.125%
Nominal amount   $ 750 750  
Weighted average interest rate after swaps   2.83%   2.83%
Carrying value   $ 735 743  
Borrowings in a hedge relationship | Rio Tinto Finance (USA) plc Bonds 2.75% 2051 | Interest rate risk        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate   2.75%   2.75%
Nominal amount   $ 1,250 0  
Weighted average interest rate after swaps   1.57%   1.57%
Carrying value   $ 1,225 $ 0  
Fixed interest rate | Rio Tinto Finance (USA) plc Bonds 2.75% 2051        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings term 30 years      
LIBOR | Interest rate risk        
Disclosure of detailed information about financial instruments [line items]        
Borrowings, interest rate basis   1.00%   1.00%