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Principal joint ventures - Summary of joint ventures (Detail) - shares
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Disclosure of joint ventures [line items]      
Number of shares held (in shares) 0 0 0
Minera Escondida Ltda      
Disclosure of joint ventures [line items]      
Group interest (%) 30.00% 30.00%  
Minera Escondida Ltda | BHP Billiton      
Disclosure of joint ventures [line items]      
Group interest (%) 57.50%    
Sohar Aluminium Co. L.L.C.      
Disclosure of joint ventures [line items]      
Group interest (%) 20.00% 20.00%  
Sohar Aluminium Co. L.L.C. | Ordinary      
Disclosure of joint ventures [line items]      
Number of shares held (in shares) 37,500    
Proportion of class held (%) 20.00%    
Group interest (%) 20.00%