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Principal accounting policies - Additional information (Detail)
$ in Millions, $ in Billions
 1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Dec. 31, 2021
USD ($)
Operation
Dec. 31, 2020
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2019
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2021
AUD ($)
Disclosure of initial application of standards or interpretations [Line Items]          
Carbon emission reduction target (%), 2025   15.00%      
Carbon emission reduction target (%), 2030   50.00%      
Carbon emission reduction target (%), 2050   0.00%      
Capital expenditure for carbon emission reduction target to 2030   $ 7,500      
Capital expenditure, for carbon emission target 2022 to 2024   1,500      
Incremental operating expenditure   200      
Increase in growth capital   3,000      
Credit derivative, nominal amount   6,100      
Undiscounted close-down and environmental restoration cash flows   18,775 $ 17,400    
Increase in closure provision for rehabilitation   510      
Materiality threshold     700 $ 550  
Trade payables   $ 3,410 3,125    
Number of operations | Operation   13      
Operations in closure, monitoring and remediation, cost estimation period   30 years      
Risk free rate decrease 0.50%        
Provisions   $ 18,036 17,665 $ 15,103  
Risk free interest rate on provisions 1.50% 1.50%   2.00%  
Onerous contracts provision   $ 172 219    
Intragroup loans         $ 14.0
Non-cancellable operating lease commitments not expected to be charged against EBITDA   $ 1,400      
Oyu Tolgoi          
Disclosure of initial application of standards or interpretations [Line Items]          
Proportion of indirect ownership interest in subsidiary   33.50%      
Turquoise Hill Resources Ltd (including Oyu Tolgoi LLC)          
Disclosure of initial application of standards or interpretations [Line Items]          
Group interest (%)   50.80%      
Erdenes Oyu Tolgoi LLC | Floating interest rate          
Disclosure of initial application of standards or interpretations [Line Items]          
Borrowings, interest rate basis   6.50%     6.50%
Escondida joint venture          
Disclosure of initial application of standards or interpretations [Line Items]          
Decrease in investment in Escondida joint venture       $ 118  
Restructuring provision          
Disclosure of initial application of standards or interpretations [Line Items]          
Decreasing provision   $ 1,200      
Close down and restoration/ environmental          
Disclosure of initial application of standards or interpretations [Line Items]          
Provisions   $ 14,542 13,335    
Kennecott          
Disclosure of initial application of standards or interpretations [Line Items]          
Operations with remaining lives   10 years      
Environmental loss contingencies, gross   $ 600      
Trade payables subject to early settlement election          
Disclosure of initial application of standards or interpretations [Line Items]          
Trade payables   $ 782 $ 551    
Minimum          
Disclosure of initial application of standards or interpretations [Line Items]          
Undiscounted close-down and environmental restoration cash flows         $ 1.6
Maximum          
Disclosure of initial application of standards or interpretations [Line Items]          
Undiscounted close-down and environmental restoration cash flows         $ 2.2