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Operating segments - Summary of performance of operating segments (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Consolidated sales revenue $ 63,495 $ 44,611 $ 43,165
Underlying EBITDA 37,720 23,902 21,197
Underlying earnings 21,380 12,448 10,373
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 21,094 9,769 8,010
Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment 61 45 49
Capital expenditure 7,384 6,189 5,488
Depreciation and amortisation expense 4,697 4,279 4,384
Other Operations      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 251 321 393
Underlying EBITDA (28) 24 (22)
Underlying earnings (84) (48) (64)
Capital expenditure (11) 2 1
Depreciation and amortisation expense 199 199 180
Product group      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 66,568 47,018 45,367
Underlying EBITDA 38,560 24,713 22,132
Underlying earnings 22,193 13,123 11,310
Capital expenditure 7,500 6,320 5,831
Depreciation and amortisation expense 5,088 4,773 4,960
Other items      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Capital expenditure 117 79 64
Depreciation and amortisation expense 106 82 77
Share of equity accounted units      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Share of equity accounted units (3,073) (2,407) (2,202)
Capital expenditure (294) (255) (456)
Depreciation and amortisation expense (497) (576) (653)
Central pension costs, share-based payments and insurance      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Underlying EBITDA 110 117 59
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 133 118 60
Restructuring, project and one-off costs      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Underlying EBITDA (80) (133) (183)
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto (51) (108) (94)
Central costs      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Underlying EBITDA (613) (545) (496)
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto (585) (455) (550)
Exploration And Evaluation Not Attributed To Product Groups [Member]      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Underlying EBITDA (257) (250) (315)
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto (215) (216) (231)
Net interest      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto (95) (14) (122)
Underlying earnings      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Profit/(loss) after tax – attributable to owners of Rio Tinto 21,380 12,448 10,373
Operating segments | Reportable segments      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 66,585 46,961 45,005
Underlying EBITDA 38,546 24,783 22,163
Underlying earnings 22,258 13,203 11,377
Capital expenditure 7,511 6,318 5,830
Depreciation and amortisation expense 4,889 4,574 4,780
Operating segments | Iron Ore      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 39,582 27,508 24,075
Underlying EBITDA 27,592 18,837 16,098
Underlying earnings 17,323 11,398 9,638
Capital expenditure 3,947 2,941 1,741
Depreciation and amortisation expense 2,023 1,838 1,723
Operating segments | Aluminium      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 12,695 9,314 10,340
Underlying EBITDA 4,382 2,152 2,285
Underlying earnings 2,468 471 599
Capital expenditure 1,372 1,085 1,456
Depreciation and amortisation expense 1,289 1,191 1,312
Operating segments | Copper      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 7,827 4,969 5,196
Underlying EBITDA 3,969 2,084 1,918
Underlying earnings 1,579 754 575
Capital expenditure 1,548 1,837 2,048
Depreciation and amortisation expense 1,103 1,093 1,176
Operating segments | Minerals      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Consolidated sales revenue 6,481 5,170 5,394
Underlying EBITDA 2,603 1,710 1,862
Underlying earnings 888 580 565
Capital expenditure 644 455 585
Depreciation and amortisation expense 474 452 569
Inter-segment transactions      
Disclosure of operating segments [Line Items]      
Consolidated sales revenue (268) (264) (31)
Underlying EBITDA 42 (94) (9)
Underlying earnings $ 19 $ (32) $ (3)