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Group cash flow statement - USD ($) $ in Millions | 6 Months Ended
--- | ---
Jun. 30, 2022 | Jun. 30, 2021
Statement of cash flows [abstract] |  |  |
Cash flows from consolidated operations | [1] | $ 13,912 | $ 18,179
Dividends from equity accounted units |  | 633 | 726
Cash flows from operations |  | 14,545 | 18,905
Net interest paid |  | (217) | (208)
Dividends paid to holders of non-controlling interests in subsidiaries |  | (41) | (407)
Tax paid |  | (3,813) | (4,629)
Net cash generated from operating activities |  | 10,474 | 13,661
Cash flows from investing activities |  |  |
Purchases of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets |  | (3,146) | (3,336)
Acquisitions of subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates |  | (825) | 0
Disposals of subsidiaries, joint ventures, unincorporated joint operations and associates |  | 0 | 10
Purchases of financial assets |  | (66) | (18)
Sales of financial assets |  | 52 | 16
Sales of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets |  | 1 | 26
Net (funding of)/receipts from equity accounted units |  | (48) |
Net (funding of)/receipts from equity accounted units |  |  | 28
Other investing cash flows |  | 10 | (33)
Net cash used in investing activities |  | (4,022) | (3,307)
Cash flows before financing activities |  | 6,452 | 10,354
Cash flows from financing activities |  |  |
Equity dividends paid to owners of Rio Tinto |  | (7,595) | (6,435)
Proceeds from additional borrowings |  | 144 | 137
Repayment of borrowings and associated derivatives |  | (211) | (257)
Lease principal payments |  | (183) | (170)
Proceeds from issue of equity to non-controlling interests |  | 22 | 28
Other financing cash flows |  | 1 | 6
Net cash used in financing activities |  | (7,822) | (6,691)
Effects of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents |  | (26) | (21)
Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents |  | (1,396) | 3,642
Opening cash and cash equivalents less overdrafts |  | 12,805 | 10,381
Closing cash and cash equivalents less overdrafts |  | $ 11,409 | $ 14,023
[1] |
(a) Cash flows from consolidated operations |  |  |
Profit after tax for the period |  | 9,413 | 13,068
Adjustments for: |  |  |
– Taxation | 5 | 2,902 | 4,981
– Finance items |  | 359 | (56)
– Share of profit after tax of equity accounted units |  | (468) | (556)
– Depreciation and amortisation |  | 2,459 | 2,307
– Provisions (including exchange differences on provisions) | 8 | 496 | 485
– Pension settlement |  | — | (291)
Utilisation of provision for post-retirement benefits | 8 | (66) | (76)
Utilisation of provisions | 8 | (363) | (349)
Change in inventories |  | (582) | (518)
Change in receivables and other assets |  | (128) | (966)
Change in trade and other payables |  | 267 | 250
Other items(b) |  | (377) | (100)
|  | 13,912 | 18,179

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