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Segmental information - Reconciliation of underlying earnings to net earnings (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 6 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2022 | Jun. 30, 2021
Exchange and derivative gains/(losses), pre-tax [abstract] |  |
Underlying earnings, pre-tax | $ 12,044 |
Foreign exchange gains on external net cash, intragroup balances and derivatives, pre-tax | 383 |
Losses on currency and interest rate derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting, pre-tax | (194) |
Gains/(Losses) on embedded commodity derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting, pre-tax | 9 |
Gains recognised by Kitimat relating to LNG Canada's project, pre-tax | 116 | $ 0
Losses from movements to closure estimates (non-operating and fully impaired sites), pre-tax | (43) |
Items excluded from underlying earnings pre-tax | 271 |
Profit before taxation | 12,315 | 18,049
Exchange and derivative gains/(losses), tax [abstract] |  |
Underlying earnings, tax | (2,918) |
Foreign exchange gains on external net cash, intragroup balances and derivatives, tax | (15) |
Losses on currency and interest rate derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting, tax | 42 |
Gains/(losses) on embedded commodity derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting, tax | (4) |
Gains recognised by Kitimat relating to LNG Canada's project, tax | (9) |
Losses from movements to closure estimates (non-operating and fully impaired sites, tax | 2 |
Total excluded from underlying earnings, tax | 16 |
Taxation | (2,902) | (4,981)
Exchange and derivative gains/(losses), non-controlling interests [abstract] |  |
Underlying earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests | (499) |
Foreign exchange gains on external net cash, intragroup balances and derivatives, noncontrolling interests | 0 |
Losses on currency and interest rate derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting, noncontrolling interests | (2) |
Gains/(losses) on embedded commodity derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting, noncontrolling interests | (4) |
Gains recognised by Kitimat relating to LNG Canada's project, noncontrolling interests | 0 |
Losses from movements to closure estimates (non-operating and fully impaired sites, noncontrolling interests | 0 |
Total excluded from underlying earnings, noncontrolling interests | (6) |
Profit (loss), attributable to non-controlling interests | (505) | (755)
Exchange and derivative gains/(losses), net [abstract] |  |
Underlying earnings, net | 8,627 | 12,166
Foreign exchange gains on external net cash, intragroup balances and derivatives, net | 368 | 347
Losses on currency and interest rate derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting, net | (154) | (45)
Gains/(losses) on embedded commodity derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting, net | 1 | (22)
Gains recognised by Kitimat relating to LNG Canada's project, net | 107 | 0
Losses from movements to closure estimates (non-operating and fully impaired sites, net | (41) | (133)
Total excluded from underlying earnings, net | 281 | 147
Net earnings, attributable to owners of Rio Tinto | 8,908 | 12,313
Net foreign exchange gain | 508 | 351
Net foreign exchange loss | $ (140) | $ (4)

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