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Post-retirement benefits - Summary of movement in present value of obligation (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Changes in net defined benefit liability (asset) [abstract]
Beginning balance	$ (470)	$ (1,028)
Changes in financial assumptions (losses)/gains	407	(3,410)	$ (655)
Currency exchange rate gains/(losses)	10	(35)
Ending balance	(723)	(470)	(1,028)
Pension benefits
Changes in net defined benefit liability (asset) [abstract]
Beginning balance	152
Currency exchange rate gains/(losses)	17
Ending balance	(95)	152
Other benefits
Changes in net defined benefit liability (asset) [abstract]
Beginning balance	(622)
Currency exchange rate gains/(losses)	(7)
Ending balance	(628)	(622)
Present value of defined benefit obligation
Changes in net defined benefit liability (asset) [abstract]
Beginning balance	(11,177)	(15,728)
Current employer service costs	(79)	(143)
Past service credit/(cost)	87	0
Settlements	4	0
Interest on obligation	(533)	(370)
Contributions by plan participants	(19)	(20)
Benefits paid	748	783
Experience (losses)/gains	(40)	(170)
Changes in financial assumptions (losses)/gains	(418)	3,563
Changes in demographic assumptions gains	51	17
Currency exchange rate gains/(losses)	(419)	891
Ending balance	(11,795)	(11,177)	$ (15,728)
Present value of defined benefit obligation | Pension benefits
Changes in net defined benefit liability (asset) [abstract]
Beginning balance	(10,555)
Current employer service costs	(76)
Past service credit/(cost)	88
Settlements	4
Interest on obligation	(499)
Contributions by plan participants	(19)
Benefits paid	716
Experience (losses)/gains	(69)
Changes in financial assumptions (losses)/gains	(393)
Changes in demographic assumptions gains	48
Currency exchange rate gains/(losses)	(412)
Ending balance	(11,167)	(10,555)
Present value of defined benefit obligation | Other benefits
Changes in net defined benefit liability (asset) [abstract]
Beginning balance	(622)
Current employer service costs	(3)
Past service credit/(cost)	(1)
Settlements	0
Interest on obligation	(34)
Contributions by plan participants	0
Benefits paid	32
Experience (losses)/gains	29
Changes in financial assumptions (losses)/gains	(25)
Changes in demographic assumptions gains	3
Currency exchange rate gains/(losses)	(7)
Ending balance	$ (628)	$ (622)

X

- Definition

The decrease (increase) in a net defined benefit liability (asset) resulting from actuarial gains (losses) arising from changes in demographic assumptions that result in remeasurements of the net defined benefit liability (asset). Demographic assumptions deal with matters such as: (a) mortality; (b) rates of employee turnover, disability and early retirement; (c) the proportion of plan members with dependants who will be eligible for benefits; (d) the proportion of plan members who will select each form of payment option available under the plan terms; and (e) claim rates under medical plans. [Refer: Net defined benefit liability (asset)]

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Name IAS
-Number 19
-IssueDate 2023-01-01
-Paragraph 141
-Subparagraph c
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- Definition

The decrease (increase) in a net defined benefit liability (asset) resulting from actuarial gains (losses) arising from changes in financial assumptions that result in remeasurements of the net defined benefit liability (asset). Financial assumptions deal with items such as: (a) the discount rate; (b) benefit levels, excluding any cost of the benefits to be met by employees, and future salary; (c) in the case of medical benefits, future medical costs, including claim handling costs (ie the costs that will be incurred in processing and resolving claims, including legal and adjuster's fees); and (d) taxes payable by the plan on contributions relating to service before the reporting date or on benefits resulting from that service. [Refer: Net defined benefit liability (asset)]

+ References

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- Definition

The decrease (increase) in a net defined benefit liability (asset) resulting from actuarial gains (losses) arising from experience adjustments that result in remeasurements of the net defined benefit liability (asset). Experience adjustments deal with the effects of differences between the previous actuarial assumptions and what has actually occurred. [Refer: Net defined benefit liability (asset)]

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
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- Definition

The decrease (increase) in the net defined benefit liability (asset) resulting from contributions to a defined benefit plan by plan participants. [Refer: Net defined benefit liability (asset); Defined benefit plans [member]]

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Name IAS
-Number 19
-IssueDate 2023-01-01
-Paragraph 141
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- Definition

The increase (decrease) in the net defined benefit liability (asset) resulting from employee service in the current period. [Refer: Net defined benefit liability (asset)]

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Name IAS
-Number 19
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- Definition

The decrease (increase) in the net defined benefit liability (asset) resulting from settlements. Settlements are transactions that eliminate all further legal or constructive obligations for part or all of the benefits provided under a defined benefit plan, other than a payment of benefits to, or on behalf of, employees that is set out in the terms of the plan and included in the actuarial assumptions. [Refer: Net defined benefit liability (asset); Defined benefit plans [member]; Actuarial assumptions [member]]

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Name IAS
-Number 19
-IssueDate 2023-01-01
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- Definition

The increase (decrease) in the net defined benefit liability (asset) resulting from changes in foreign exchange rates. [Refer: Net defined benefit liability (asset)]

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Name IAS
-Number 19
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- Definition

The increase (decrease) in the net defined benefit liability (asset) resulting from the passage of time. [Refer: Interest expense; Net defined benefit liability (asset)]

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Name IAS
-Number 19
-IssueDate 2023-01-01
-Paragraph 141
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- Definition

The amount of deficit or surplus in a defined benefit plan, adjusted for any effect of limiting a net defined benefit asset to the asset ceiling. [Refer: Defined benefit plans [member]]

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Name IAS
-Number 19
-IssueDate 2023-01-01
-Paragraph 140
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- Definition

The increase (decrease) in the net defined benefit liability (asset) resulting from past service cost. Past service cost is the change in the present value of the defined benefit obligation for employee service in prior periods, resulting from a plan amendment (the introduction or withdrawal of, or changes to, a defined benefit plan) or a curtailment (a significant reduction by the entity in the number of employees covered by a plan). [Refer: Net defined benefit liability (asset); Defined benefit plans [member]]

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Name IAS
-Number 19
-IssueDate 2023-01-01
-Paragraph 141
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- Definition

The decrease (increase) in the net defined benefit liability (asset) resulting from payments from the plan. [Refer: Net defined benefit liability (asset)]

+ References

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-IssueDate 2023-01-01
-Paragraph 141
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