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Other reserves and retained earnings (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended |
--- | --- | ---
Dec. 31, 2024 | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022 | Nov. 01, 2024
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | $ 8,328 |  |  |
Employee share options: value of services | [1] | (57) | $ (95) | $ (100) |
Ending balance |  | 5,114 | 8,328 |  |
Parent and subsidiaries' currency translation and exchange adjustments |  | 4 | 69 |  |
Opening balance |  | 56,341 | 52,741 | 57,096 |
Equity accounted units' profit after tax for the year |  | 838 | 675 | 777 |
Tax relating to components of other comprehensive income |  | (32) | 153 | (102) |
Dividends paid |  | (7,553) | (6,928) | (12,137) |
Change in equity interest held by Rio Tinto |  | (380) | 0 | (3,206) |
Equity issued to holders of non-controlling interests |  | 1,574 | 127 | 86 |
Employee share options and other IFRS 2 charges taken to the income statement |  | 150 | 142 | 119 |
Closing balance |  | 57,965 | 56,341 | 52,741 |
Other reserve, share premium |  | 5,114 | 8,328 |  |
Loss on disposal |  | 105 |  |  |
Changes in financial assumption gains |  | $ 201 | $ (407) | 3,410 |
New Zealand Aluminium Smelters Limited |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |
Group interest (%) |  | 80.00% | 79.36% |  |
New Zealand Aluminium Smelters Limited |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |
Percentage of voting equity interests acquired |  |  |  |  | 20.64%
Investment in equity accounted units |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |
Changes in financial assumption gains |  | $ (6) | $ 3 | 5 |
Capital redemption reserve |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |
Capital redemption reserve |  | 51 | 51 | 51 |
Cash flow hedge reserve |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | (59) | (51) | (11) |
Cash flow hedge gains/(losses) |  | 13 | 30 | (167) |
Cash flow hedge losses/(gains) transferred to the income statement |  | 17 | (39) | 106 |
Tax on the above |  | (10) | 1 | 21 |
Ending balance |  | (39) | (59) | (51) |
Fair value through other comprehensive income reserve |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | (22) | 2 | 2 |
(Losses) on equity investments |  | 0 | (24) | 0 |
Ending balance |  | (22) | (22) | 2 |
Cost of hedging reserve |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | (12) | (17) | (21) |
Cost of hedging deferred to reserves during the year |  | 3 | 4 | 4 |
Transfer of cost of hedging to the income statement |  | 1 | 1 | 0 |
Ending balance |  | (8) | (12) | (17) |
Other reserves |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | 11,542 | 11,554 | 11,582 |
Own shares purchased from Rio Tinto Limited shareholders to satisfy share awards |  | (44) | (78) | (84) |
Employee share options: value of services |  | 76 | 62 | 56 |
Deferred tax on share options |  | (4) | 4 | 0 |
Ending balance |  | 11,570 | 11,542 | 11,554 |
Other reserve, share premium |  | 11,570 | 11,542 | 11,554 |
Foreign currency translation reserve |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |
Beginning balance |  | 8,328 | 7,755 |  |
Ending balance |  | 5,114 | 8,328 | 7,755 |
Beginning balance |  | (3,172) | (3,784) | (1,627) |
Parent and subsidiaries' currency translation and exchange adjustments |  | (3,194) | 598 | (2,235) |
Equity accounted units currency translation adjustments |  | (45) | 14 | (27) |
Currency translation reclassified on disposal(d) |  | (27) | 0 | 105 |
Ending balance |  | (6,438) | (3,172) | (3,784) |
Other reserve, share premium |  | 5,114 | 8,328 | 7,755 |
Retained earnings |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |
Employee share options: value of services | [1] | (13) | (17) | (16) |
Opening balance |  | 38,350 | 35,020 | 33,857 |
Parent and subsidiaries' profit for the year |  | 10,697 | 9,385 | 11,817 |
Equity accounted units' profit after tax for the year |  | 855 | 673 | 575 |
Remeasurement gains/(losses) on pension and post-retirement healthcare plans |  | 88 | (459) | 568 |
Tax relating to components of other comprehensive income |  | (23) | 151 | (118) |
Total comprehensive income for the year |  | 11,617 | 9,750 | 12,842 |
Dividends paid |  | (7,025) | (6,466) | (11,716) |
Change in equity interest held by Rio Tinto |  | (468) | (13) | 701 |
Own shares purchased/treasury shares reissued for share awards and other movements |  | (13) | (17) | (16) |
Equity issued to holders of non-controlling interests |  | 0 | 0 | (711) |
Employee share options and other IFRS 2 charges taken to the income statement |  | 78 | 76 | 63 |
Closing balance |  | 42,539 | 38,350 | 35,020 |
Retained earnings | Opening balance as previously reported |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |
Opening balance |  | 38,350 | 35,020 | 33,857 |
Closing balance |  |  | $ 38,350 | $ 35,020 |
Merger reserve |  |  |  |  |
Disclosure Of Other Reserves And Retained Earnings [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |
Ending balance |  | 11,936 |  |  |
Other reserve, share premium |  | $ 11,936 |  |  |
[1] | Net of contributions received from employees for share awards.

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- Definition A component of equity representing the accumulated portion of gain (loss) on a hedging instrument that is determined to be an effective hedge for cash flow hedges. [Refer: Cash flow hedges [member]] + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef -Name IAS -Number 1 -IssueDate 2024-01-01 -Paragraph 78 -Subparagraph e -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=1&code=ifrs-tx-2024-en-r&anchor=para_78_e&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2024-03-27 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IFRS -Number 9 -IssueDate 2024-01-01 -Paragraph 6.5.11 -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IFRS&num=9&code=ifrs-tx-2024-en-r&anchor=para_6.5.11&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2024-03-27 + Details
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- Definition A component of equity representing exchange differences on translation of financial statements recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity. [Refer: Other comprehensive income] + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 21 -IssueDate 2024-01-01 -Paragraph 52 -Subparagraph b -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=21&code=ifrs-tx-2024-en-r&anchor=para_52_b&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2024-03-27 + Details
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- Definition A component of equity representing the reserve of gains and losses on financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income. [Refer: Financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income; Other comprehensive income] + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef -Name IAS -Number 1 -IssueDate 2024-01-01 -Paragraph 78 -Subparagraph e -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=1&code=ifrs-tx-2024-en-r&anchor=para_78_e&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2024-03-27 + Details
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