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Property, plant and equipment - Summary of property, plant and equipment (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions | 12 Months Ended
--- | ---
Dec. 31, 2024 | Dec. 31, 2023 | Dec. 31, 2022
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment at beginning of period | $ 65,290 | $ 63,731 |
Adjustment on currency translation | (4,078) | 679 |
Adjustments to capitalised closure costs | 64 | (292) |
Interest capitalised | 424 | 275 |
Additions | 9,373 | 6,920 |
Depreciation for the year | (5,302) | (4,817) |
Impairment charges net of reversals | (543) | (1,159) |
Disposals | (98) | (128) |
Acquisitions, including fair value adjustment for contributed assets | 650 |  |
Operations divested | (36) |  |
Transfers and other movements | 1,601 | 81 |
Property, plant and equipment at end of period | 67,345 | 65,290 | $ 63,731
Non-current assets pledged as security | 18,388 | 17,479 |
Depreciation for the year | $ 5,302 | $ 4,817 |
Average borrowing rate used for capitalisation of interest | 7.20% | 7.50% |
Increase in additions | $ 144 | $ 94 |
Loans secured by non-current assets collateral | $ 4,011 | 3,994 |
Carbon emission reduction target (%), 2030 | 50.00% |  |
Carbon emission reduction target (%), 2050 | 0.00% |  |
Disposals, transfers and other movements | $ (1,736) | (101) |
Exploration and evaluation |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Disposals, transfers and other movements | (1,789) | $ (176) |
Exploration and evaluation | Simandou Iron Ore Project |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Disposals, transfers and other movements | 732 |  |
Bottom of range |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Capital expenditure for carbon emission reduction target to 2030 | 5,000 |  |
Top of range |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Capital expenditure for carbon emission reduction target to 2030 | 6,000 |  |
Fossil fuels |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Useful lives of property, plant and equipment |  | 10 years |
- cost |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment at beginning of period | 133,189 |  |
Property, plant and equipment at end of period | 134,804 | $ 133,189 |
– accumulated amortisation and impairment |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment at beginning of period | (67,899) |  |
Property, plant and equipment at end of period | (67,459) | (67,899) |
Mining properties and leases |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment at beginning of period | 13,555 | 10,529 |
Adjustment on currency translation | (500) | 14 |
Adjustments to capitalised closure costs | 64 | (292) |
Interest capitalised | 0 | 0 |
Additions | 350 | 222 |
Depreciation for the year | (1,217) | (802) |
Impairment charges net of reversals | (38) | (92) |
Disposals | (1) | 0 |
Acquisitions, including fair value adjustment for contributed assets | 150 |  |
Operations divested | 0 |  |
Transfers and other movements | 1,833 | 3,976 |
Property, plant and equipment at end of period | 14,196 | 13,555 | 10,529
Non-current assets pledged as security | 5,676 | 5,307 |
Depreciation for the year | 1,217 | 802 |
Mining properties and leases | - cost |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment at beginning of period | 29,731 |  |
Property, plant and equipment at end of period | 30,762 | 29,731 |
Mining properties and leases | – accumulated amortisation and impairment |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment at beginning of period | (16,176) |  |
Property, plant and equipment at end of period | (16,566) | (16,176) |
Land and buildings |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment at beginning of period | 8,022 | 6,699 |
Adjustment on currency translation | (548) | 116 |
Adjustments to capitalised closure costs | 0 | 0 |
Interest capitalised | 0 | 0 |
Additions | 246 | 207 |
Depreciation for the year | (531) | (504) |
Impairment charges net of reversals | (39) | (58) |
Disposals | (5) | (28) |
Acquisitions, including fair value adjustment for contributed assets | 64 |  |
Operations divested | (2) |  |
Transfers and other movements | 1,013 | 1,590 |
Property, plant and equipment at end of period | 8,220 | 8,022 | 6,699
Non-current assets pledged as security | 2,257 | 1,477 |
Depreciation for the year | 531 | 504 |
Land and buildings | Fossil fuels |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment at beginning of period | 87 |  |
Property, plant and equipment at end of period | 59 | 87 |
Land and buildings | Renewables |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment at beginning of period | 201 |  |
Property, plant and equipment at end of period | 177 | 201 |
Land and buildings | - cost |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment at beginning of period | 14,737 |  |
Property, plant and equipment at end of period | 14,822 | 14,737 |
Land and buildings | – accumulated amortisation and impairment |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment at beginning of period | (6,715) |  |
Property, plant and equipment at end of period | (6,602) | (6,715) |
Plant and equipment |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment at beginning of period | 36,345 | 34,407 |
Adjustment on currency translation | (2,634) | 495 |
Adjustments to capitalised closure costs | 0 | 0 |
Interest capitalised | 0 | 0 |
Additions | 1,226 | 1,381 |
Depreciation for the year | (3,554) | (3,511) |
Impairment charges net of reversals | (457) | (922) |
Disposals | (75) | (73) |
Acquisitions, including fair value adjustment for contributed assets | 429 |  |
Operations divested | (34) |  |
Transfers and other movements | 3,127 | 4,568 |
Property, plant and equipment at end of period | 34,373 | 36,345 | 34,407
Non-current assets pledged as security | 7,058 | 6,980 |
Depreciation for the year | $ 3,554 | 3,511 |
Plant and equipment | Bottom of range |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Useful lives of property, plant and equipment | 3 years |  |
Plant and equipment | Top of range |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Useful lives of property, plant and equipment | 50 years |  |
Plant and equipment | - cost |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment at beginning of period | $ 80,993 |  |
Property, plant and equipment at end of period | 78,295 | 80,993 |
Plant and equipment | – accumulated amortisation and impairment |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment at beginning of period | (44,648) |  |
Property, plant and equipment at end of period | (43,922) | (44,648) |
Capital works in progress |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment at beginning of period | 7,368 | 12,096 |
Adjustment on currency translation | (396) | 54 |
Adjustments to capitalised closure costs | 0 | 0 |
Interest capitalised | 424 | 275 |
Additions | 7,551 | 5,110 |
Depreciation for the year | 0 | 0 |
Impairment charges net of reversals | (9) | (87) |
Disposals | (17) | (27) |
Acquisitions, including fair value adjustment for contributed assets | 7 |  |
Operations divested | 0 |  |
Transfers and other movements | (4,372) | (10,053) |
Property, plant and equipment at end of period | 10,556 | 7,368 | 12,096
Non-current assets pledged as security | 3,397 | 3,715 |
Depreciation for the year | 0 | 0 |
Capital works in progress | - cost |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment at beginning of period | 7,728 |  |
Property, plant and equipment at end of period | 10,925 | 7,728 |
Capital works in progress | – accumulated amortisation and impairment |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment at beginning of period | (360) |  |
Property, plant and equipment at end of period | (369) | (360) |
Capitalised production phase stripping costs |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Capitalised production phase stripping costs, carrying amount | 2,326 | 2,505 |
Capitalisation of property, plant and equipment | 423 | 325 |
Capitalisation offset by depreciation | 580 | 324 |
Capitalised production phase stripping costs | Total for all subsidiaries |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Depreciation for the year | (411) | (216) | (246)
Depreciation for the year | 411 | 216 | $ 246
Capitalised production phase stripping costs | Property, plant and equipment |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Capitalised production phase stripping costs, carrying amount | 1,947 | 2,069 |
Capitalised production phase stripping costs | Investment in equity accounted units |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Capitalised production phase stripping costs, carrying amount | 379 | 436 |
Plant and equipment | Fossil fuels |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment at beginning of period | 932 |  |
Property, plant and equipment at end of period | 840 | 932 |
Plant and equipment | Renewables |  |  |
Disclosure of detailed information about property, plant and equipment [Line Items] |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment at beginning of period | 2,456 |  |
Property, plant and equipment at end of period | $ 2,375 | $ 2,456 |

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- Definition The amount of additions to property, plant and equipment other than those acquired through business combinations. [Refer: Total for all business combinations [member]; Property, plant and equipment] + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 16 -IssueDate 2024-01-01 -Paragraph 73 -Subparagraph e -Clause i -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=16&code=ifrs-tx-2024-en-r&anchor=para_73_e_i&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2024-03-27 + Details
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- Definition The amount of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of a qualifying asset and which form part of the cost of that asset. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 23 -IssueDate 2024-01-01 -Paragraph 26 -Subparagraph a -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=23&code=ifrs-tx-2024-en-r&anchor=para_26_a&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2024-03-27 + Details
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- Definition The weighted average of interest and other costs that an entity incurs in connection with the borrowing of funds applicable to the borrowings of the entity that are outstanding during the period, other than borrowings made specifically for the purpose of obtaining a qualifying asset. [Refer: Weighted average [member]; Borrowings] + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 23 -IssueDate 2024-01-01 -Paragraph 26 -Subparagraph b -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=23&code=ifrs-tx-2024-en-r&anchor=para_26_b&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2024-03-27 + Details
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- Definition The increase (decrease) in property, plant and equipment. [Refer: Property, plant and equipment] + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 16 -IssueDate 2024-01-01 -Paragraph 73 -Subparagraph e -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=16&code=ifrs-tx-2024-en-r&anchor=para_73_e&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2024-03-27 + Details
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- Definition The decrease in property, plant and equipment resulting from the loss of control of a subsidiary. [Refer: Property, plant and equipment] + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef -Name IAS -Number 16 -IssueDate 2024-01-01 -Paragraph 73 -Subparagraph e -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=16&code=ifrs-tx-2024-en-r&anchor=para_73_e&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2024-03-27 + Details
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- Definition The amount of depreciation of property, plant and equipment. [Refer: Depreciation and amortisation expense; Property, plant and equipment] + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 16 -IssueDate 2024-01-01 -Paragraph 73 -Subparagraph e -Clause vii -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=16&code=ifrs-tx-2024-en-r&anchor=para_73_e_vii&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2024-03-27 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 16 -IssueDate 2024-01-01 -Paragraph 75 -Subparagraph a -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=16&code=ifrs-tx-2024-en-r&anchor=para_75_a&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2024-03-27 + Details
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- Definition The decrease in property, plant and equipment resulting from disposals. [Refer: Property, plant and equipment] + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 16 -IssueDate 2024-01-01 -Paragraph 73 -Subparagraph e -Clause ii -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=16&code=ifrs-tx-2024-en-r&anchor=para_73_e_ii&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2024-03-27 + Details
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- Definition The increase (decrease) in property, plant and equipment resulting from net exchange differences arising on the translation of the financial statements from the functional currency into a different presentation currency, including the translation of a foreign operation into the presentation currency of the reporting entity. [Refer: Property, plant and equipment] + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 16 -IssueDate 2024-01-01 -Paragraph 73 -Subparagraph e -Clause viii -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=16&code=ifrs-tx-2024-en-r&anchor=para_73_e_viii&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2024-03-27 + Details
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- Definition The increase (decrease) in intangible assets and goodwill resulting from transfers and changes that the entity does not separately disclose in the same statement or note. [Refer: Intangible assets and goodwill] + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef -Name IAS -Number 38 -IssueDate 2024-01-01 -Paragraph 118 -Subparagraph e -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=38&code=ifrs-tx-2024-en-r&anchor=para_118_e&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2024-03-27 + Details
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- Definition The increase (decrease) in property, plant and equipment resulting from transfers and changes that the entity does not separately disclose in the same statement or note. [Refer: Property, plant and equipment] + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef -Name IAS -Number 16 -IssueDate 2024-01-01 -Paragraph 73 -Subparagraph e -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=16&code=ifrs-tx-2024-en-r&anchor=para_73_e&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2024-03-27 + Details
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- Definition The non-current portion of non-current secured bank loans received. [Refer: Secured bank loans received] + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef -Name IAS -Number 1 -IssueDate 2024-01-01 -Paragraph 112 -Subparagraph c -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=1&code=ifrs-tx-2024-en-r&anchor=para_112_c&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2024-03-27 + Details
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- Definition The amount of tangible assets that: (a) are held for use in the production or supply of goods or services, for rental to others, or for administrative purposes; and (b) are expected to be used during more than one period. Note that right-of-use assets are not included. [Contrast: Property, plant and equipment including right-of-use assets] + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 16 -IssueDate 2024-01-01 -Paragraph 73 -Subparagraph e -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=16&code=ifrs-tx-2024-en-r&anchor=para_73_e&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2024-03-27 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 1 -IssueDate 2024-01-01 -Paragraph 54 -Subparagraph a -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=1&code=ifrs-tx-2024-en-r&anchor=para_54_a&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2024-03-27 + Details
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- Definition The amount of property, plant and equipment pledged as security for liabilities. [Refer: Property, plant and equipment] + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 16 -IssueDate 2024-01-01 -Paragraph 74 -Subparagraph a -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=16&code=ifrs-tx-2024-en-r&anchor=para_74_a&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2024-03-27 + Details
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- Definition The useful life, measured as period of time, used for property, plant and equipment. [Refer: Property, plant and equipment] + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Name IAS -Number 16 -IssueDate 2024-01-01 -Paragraph 73 -Subparagraph c -URI https://taxonomy.ifrs.org/xifrs-link?type=IAS&num=16&code=ifrs-tx-2024-en-r&anchor=para_73_c&doctype=Standard -URIDate 2024-03-27 + Details
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