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Impairment charges net of reversals - Additional information (Detail)
$ in Millions
 1 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Nov. 01, 2024
USD ($)
May 30, 2024
MW
Oct. 17, 2022
USD ($)
Jun. 30, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2024
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2023
USD ($)
Dec. 31, 2022
USD ($)
Jan. 22, 2025
USD ($)
Disclosure of impairment loss and reversal of impairment loss [line items]                
Impairment charges net of reversals, pre tax         $ 561 $ 936 $ 52  
Impairment charge, net amount         $ 534 652 52  
Power arrangement, agreement term         20 years      
Impairment loss (reversal) excluded from underlying earnings         $ 538 936 (150)  
Deferred tax assets         4,016 3,624    
Loss on disposal         105      
Notional amount         890 1,050    
Gains/(losses) on consolidation and disposal of interests in businesses         1,214 0 (105)  
MRN Porto Trombetas                
Disclosure of impairment loss and reversal of impairment loss [line items]                
Impairment charges net of reversals, pre tax         35      
New Zealand Aluminium Smelters Limited                
Disclosure of impairment loss and reversal of impairment loss [line items]                
Gains/(losses) on consolidation and disposal of interests in businesses $ 638              
Arcadium Lithium | Loan Agreement Entered Into                
Disclosure of impairment loss and reversal of impairment loss [line items]                
Notional amount               $ 300
Canada                
Disclosure of impairment loss and reversal of impairment loss [line items]                
Consideration for sale     $ 150          
Proceeds from sale     80          
Loss on disposal     105          
Canada | Uranium Energy Corp                
Disclosure of impairment loss and reversal of impairment loss [line items]                
Shares received (in shares)     $ 70          
Property, plant and equipment                
Disclosure of impairment loss and reversal of impairment loss [line items]                
Impairment charges net of reversals, pre tax         $ 538 $ 1,167 0  
Copper - Rio Tinto Kennecott                
Disclosure of impairment loss and reversal of impairment loss [line items]                
Expected life of mine percent         6.30%      
Discount rate applied to cash flow projections         2.50%      
Carrying amount of asset or cash-generating unit         $ 2,200      
Amount by which unit's recoverable amount exceeds its carrying amount         500      
Amount by which unit's recoverable amount exceeds its carrying amount, aspirational leadership scenario         $ 1,000      
Alumina Refineries | Aluminium                
Disclosure of impairment loss and reversal of impairment loss [line items]                
Discount rate applied to cash flow projections         6.60% 6.60%    
Carrying amount of asset or cash-generating unit         $ 151      
Impairment charges net of reversals, pre tax         461 $ 1,175 0  
Impairment charge, net amount         503 828    
Impairment loss (reversal) excluded from underlying earnings           $ 1,175    
Reduction in carbon emissions           0.50    
Tiwai Point | Aluminium                
Disclosure of impairment loss and reversal of impairment loss [line items]                
Impairment charges net of reversals, pre tax       $ (41) (41) $ 0 0  
Impairment charge, net amount         (78)      
Power arrangement, agreement term   20 years            
Power arrangement, set pricing, amount of power | MW   572            
MRN Porto Trombetas | Aluminium                
Disclosure of impairment loss and reversal of impairment loss [line items]                
Impairment charges net of reversals, pre tax         23 0 0  
Impairment charge, net amount         $ 23      
Diavik | Minerals                
Disclosure of impairment loss and reversal of impairment loss [line items]                
Discount rate applied to cash flow projections         6.60%      
Impairment charges net of reversals, pre tax         $ 118 0 $ 0  
Impairment charge, net amount         86      
Impairment loss (reversal) excluded from underlying earnings         118      
Yarwun Alumina Refinery | Aluminium | Property, plant and equipment                
Disclosure of impairment loss and reversal of impairment loss [line items]                
Impairment loss (reversal) excluded from underlying earnings           948    
QAL Operations | Aluminium | Property, plant and equipment                
Disclosure of impairment loss and reversal of impairment loss [line items]                
Impairment loss (reversal) excluded from underlying earnings           227    
Simandou Project | Guinea                
Disclosure of impairment loss and reversal of impairment loss [line items]                
Impairment loss (reversal) excluded from underlying earnings           (239)    
Deferred tax assets           152    
Simandou Project | Property, plant and equipment | Guinea                
Disclosure of impairment loss and reversal of impairment loss [line items]                
Impairment loss (reversal) excluded from underlying earnings           (8)    
Simandou Project | Exploration and evaluation | Guinea                
Disclosure of impairment loss and reversal of impairment loss [line items]                
Impairment loss (reversal) excluded from underlying earnings           (231)    
Pacific Aluminium | Aluminium                
Disclosure of impairment loss and reversal of impairment loss [line items]                
Discount rate applied to cash flow projections             6.60%  
Impairment charges net of reversals, pre tax         0 $ 0 $ 202  
Impairment charge, net amount         $ 0      
Reduction in carbon emissions             0.50